鄞州中学2023学年第二学期期中考试
高二年级英语学科 试题答案
听力部分：共20题，每小题1.5分，满分30分。
1—5：ABBCC 6—10：ACBAB 11—15：ACACA 16—20：CBABC
阅读理解：共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分。
21—25：ABACB 26—30：DCBCB 31—35：ADACD
36—40：GEFDB
完形填空：共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分。
41—45：CABBD 46—50：CAABD 51—55：CBBCD
语法填空：共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分。
56．struck 57．to work 58．at 59．was discovered 60．them
61．what 62．an 63．equipment 64．describing 65．scientific
书面表达（一）：满分15分。
How’s it going Hearing that you are interested in my sports and the changes it brings, I am writing to share my sports experience with you.
Running has become my favorite form of exercise lately. The feeling of freedom and the rhythm of my footsteps against the pavement are truly invigorating(refreshing). Since I started running regularly, I've noticed significant improvements in my physical health – increased endurance, better fitness, and even some weight loss. Additionally, running has had a remarkable impact on my mental well-being, providing me with stress relief and a boost in overall mood.
I'd love to hear about any sports or activities you enjoy too!
书面表达（二）：满分25分。
Para1: The next day at lunch, Nilsa pulled out her thermos. Her hands trembled slightly with a mix of anticipation and nervousness. As she unscrewed the lid, the appetizing aroma lingered in the air. This time, nevertheless, beaming with a smile, she invited Gus and Codi to try a spoonful, explaining the cultural significance behind the dish-- it was a story of her heritage, a recipe passed down through generations in her family. To her delight, as they sat through initial hesitation and sampled the soup, their expressions transformed from skepticism to appreciation, and soon, the room was buzzing with praise for the deliciousness of the sancocho.
Para2: When Nilsa returned home and greeted her mother that day, her happiness was beyond description. She recounted the lunchtime experience, her words tumbling out in a rush of thrill. “They loved it, Mom!” Nilsa exclaimed, her eyes sparkling with exhilaration. Her mother's face beamed with pride, both for her daughter's boldness in sharing their culture and for the acceptance she had harvested. As they sat together, savoring the leftover sancocho, they discussed other dishes they could introduce to the school, dreaming of a future where every student felt proud to share their culture. This moment of shared joy between mother and daughter was a testament to the power of food in bridging cultural gaps.
听力原文
Text 1
W: Back again I heard you close the door. I thought you had left for the cinema.
M: I did. I walked to the bus stop and then realized I hadn't picked up my ticket.
W: Ah, I saw it on the table. (1)
Text 2
W: My teammates and I have had trouble playing football. So, we've changed our playing style.
M: Your new style is similar to some famous footballers like Messi.
W: Ha-ha! My coach joked and said that too. I just learned this technique from my father. (2)
★ 利昂内尔·梅西(LionelMessi)，阿根廷足球运动员。在其职业生涯中代表巴塞罗那、阿根廷等球队参赛。他是历史上最为著名的足球球员之一，也是巴塞罗那和阿根廷足球的传奇。
Text 3
W: That's a wild hairstyle you've got. You look like a crazy pop star.
M: You'd look like this too if you went outside. I nearly got blown away. (3)
W: But at least it's dry and sunny out there.
Text 4
M: This year I think I'd prefer to go somewhere with a beach, where I can read and relax.
W: But I'd still like to do a bit of sightseeing.
M: Let's find a place where we can do whatever we like. (4)
Text 5
W: Before I press the button, are you sure you want me to apply for this job
M: Of course. Just send the application. The position is just right for you. They will write back soon.
W: Done. Let's hope I can get an interview. (5)
Text 6
M: I love walking in the countryside.
W: So do I. I feel like the fresh air is doing me good.
M: Definitely. It's quite warm today, isn't it
W: Yes. Can you pass me my water bottle (6) I'm getting thirsty.
M: Ok. Oh no, it's not here. It must have fallen out of my backpack while we were walking. (6)
W: What That is a new water bottle. It's quite expensive.
M: Relax. It's just a bottle of water. We can buy another one.
W: We can't just waste money like that.
M: What do you want to do Go back and find it
W: Yes, let's go back to the way we came here. (7)
Text 7
W: Why have you taken the wheels off your bike (9)
M: That's just the start. I'm going to take everything off it.
W: Is it broken Are you repairing it
M: No, I'm going to paint it and make it look like new. (9)
W: Do you want to sell it or something
M: No, I like this bike. I just thought it would be a fun thing to do in this way.
W: It sounds like a lot of hard work. (8)
M: You're right, but I enjoy tasks like this.
W: Do you know how to put it back together
M: Yes, and I’m going to improve it. (9) I'll get a new metal bell and replace this old plastic seat with a leather one. (10) That's tomorrow's task.
W: Oh well, good luck. I look forward to seeing it when you've finished it.
M: It will look fantastic, I promise you.
Text 8（第13 题为推断题）
M: The party was fun, Sarah. And the food was great.
W: Great. We ordered it from a famous restaurant. What did you think of my mom's biscuits I noticed you ate quite a lot of them.
M: They were yummy. I wish my mom could make those well.
W: I'm glad you like them.
M: And I really like your mom and dad. They're lovely
W: That's a relief. I was worried that my friends might not get on with my parents. I was embarrassed when my dad started telling all his old jokes. (11)
M: Oh, that was great. He really made me laugh. I hadn't heard them before. Your parents are great. They remind me a lot of my parents.
W: And you spent a long time talking to them. (11)
M: They are interesting. I like interesting people.
W: But talking too long has made you late. (11) Look, it's 10:00 p.m. now. (12) How will you get home
M: Don't worry about it. The last bus is in half an hour, (12) and I'll get there in 15 minutes.
W: I bet Mom and Dad would like to meet you again.
M: I'd like that too.
Text 9
W: Did you see the article in the magazine about artificial intelligence (14) (15)
M: No, I didn't see that one, although I have seen T'V programs about it and read about it on the Internet.
W: Does it worry you
M: Why should it worry me Because it could take away my job, do you mean
W: I wasn't thinking of that. I read that it could become more intelligent than humans and then become a threat to us.
M: You think it could take over the world
W: It's possible.
M: I can't see that is possible. We will always have control over it. Safety measures will be built into it.
W: I hope so.
M: Think about it. It could make the world a better place by solving problems we're facing now and doing all the boring jobs. (15) So, people can have more leisure time.
W: They said that about computers, but it never happened.
M: I think AI will be different. It could be used to solve big issues, like climate change, poverty and clean energy.
W: I hope so. I want our kids to grow up in a better world, (16) not a worse one.
M: Maybe we should ask them about the possible results of AI. I bet they know a lot more about it than we do.
Text 10 (第 17题为总结题)
Breathing in polluted air could be changing our brains. (20) A new study shows that waste gases from vehicles can change how the brain connects with other parts of the body. Researchers from the University of British Columbia in Canada found that waste gases can change our brain's connectivity in just two hours. Researcher Professor Chris Carlsten was surprised at what he found. For many decades, scientists have thought the brain may be protected from the harmful effects of air pollution. But the study provides fresh evidence supporting a connection between air pollution and thinking. The traffic pollution study was done on 25 adults. The researchers asked them to breathe in waste gases from vehicles in a laboratory. (18) The research team examined the brains of these adults for two hours. The results showed that networks in the brain that we use for thinking and remembering had been changed. Another professor, Lynette Curran, said the research was worrying. (19) She said that she was worried to see traffic pollution affecting these networks. The researchers said there needed to be more researches. They also suggested people close car windows when in traffic. (20) The brains of the 25 people returned to normal after they breathed clean air.高二期中考试答案详解和其他范文
A篇【答案】 21．A 22．B 23．A
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍一场艺术作品比赛的具体情况和要求。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“Your character must be completely original.(你的角色必须是完全原创的。)”可知，比赛要求作品创作的角色必须是完全原创的。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据Rules部分“You must be a teen(aged 13—l9) with a Teen Ink account to enter. (您必须是拥有青少年墨迹帐户的青少年（13-19岁）才能进入。)”可知，要求参赛者的年龄是13-19岁的青少年。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据How to Submit部分“All entries submitted to Teen Ink are automatically considered for the contest. (所有提交给青少年墨迹的参赛作品都会自动被考虑参加比赛。)”和Prizes部分“Honorable mentions will have their characters published in our magazine. (荣誉人物将在我们的杂志上发表。)”可知，青少年墨迹是一家杂志社。故选A。
B篇【答案】24．C 25．B 26．D 27．C
【导语】本篇是记叙文。文章主要讲述了肯尼亚天文学家Susan Murabana致力于普及天文知识的情况。
24．词义猜测题。根据前文“The Star Safari is organised by a Kenyan astronomer, Susan Murabana, who has brought a 50 kg,170 cm-long telescope to allow the group to view Mars and deep-sky objects. But here in Samburu, where light pollution is minimal, the Perseid meteors—visible with the naked eye(裸眼) (星际旅行由肯尼亚天文学家Susan Murabana组织，她带来了一个50公斤，170厘米长的望远镜，让这个团队可以观察火星和深空天体。但是在这里的桑布鲁，光污染最小，英仙座流星——肉眼可见)”可知，以前是这架望远镜让大家观察天体，而这次因为污染少流星雨用裸眼可以看见从而抢了望远镜的风头，因此划线部分的意思是“吸引了更多注意力”。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段“They primarily targets schools in remote areas because of her mission to give girls an opportunity that she wishes had been available to her. (他们主要针对偏远地区的学校，因为她的使命是给女孩们一个她希望能得到的机会。)”和第五段““There is a common misconception in Kenya that astronomy in general is hard, boring, and only for boys,” she adds. “I’d like to teach young girls that astronomy is neither of these things and that they, too, can become astronomers,” says Murabana.(她补充说:“在肯尼亚有一种普遍的误解，认为天文学总体上是困难、无聊的，而且只适合男孩。”Murabana说:“我想告诉年轻女孩，天文学不是这两种东西，她们也可以成为天文学家。”)”可知，Murabana主要针对偏远地区的孩子尤其是女孩，为了激发她们对天文学的热爱。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据第六段“If an outreach group had come to me when I was a young teenager.my attitude towards a career in astronomy would have been positive. I ended up studying sociology and economics, but maybe I would have desired to be an astronomer (如果在我十几岁的时候有一个外展小组来找我，我对天文学事业的态度会是积极的。我最终学习了社会学和经济学，但也许我想成为一名天文学家)”推知，Murabana后悔没有早点学天文学。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第三段“Every two months, Murabana and her husband load their telescope on to the roof of their4×4 and set off to rural communities, where they give up to 300 children a chance to view the planets and learn about constellations (星座) and the basics of astrophysics. (每两个月，Murabana和她的丈夫将他们的望远镜装在他们4×4的屋顶上，出发去农村社区，在那里他们给多达300个孩子一个观察行星和了解星座的机会(星座)和天体物理学的基础知识)”可知，本文主要介绍了致力于把天文学带给人民的肯尼亚天文学家Susan Murabana的故事。故选C。
C篇【答案】28．B 29．C 30．B 31．A
【导语】本篇是一篇说明文。主要介绍了松鼠通过窃听其他动物的交流来判断危险的情况。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“But the latest study suggests animals may also keep an ear out for everyday chitchat among other species as a way to assess whether there is trouble afoot.(但最新的研究表明，动物也可能会留意其他物种之间的日常闲聊，以此来评估是否有麻烦发生)”可知，研究结果发现松鼠窃听的对象比我们知道的要广泛，故选B。
29．主旨大意题。根据第四段“After 30 seconds of observing a squirrel, researchers played it a recording of the call of a red-tailed hawk (鹰), which lasted a couple of seconds — and their behaviour in the next 30 seconds was monitored. The squirrels were then played a three-minute recording of several different species of songbird chattering on a feeder.(在观察一只松鼠30秒后，研究人员给它播放了一段红尾鹰的叫声，这段叫声持续了几秒钟，并在接下来的30秒内监测它们的行为。然后给松鼠播放一段三分钟的录音，录音中有几种不同种类的鸣禽在喂食器上叽叽喳喳地叫)”可知，本段主要是介绍研究的过程，故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据第六段“Recognition of bird chatter as a sign of safety is likely adaptive, as squirrels that can safely reduce their vigilance level in the presence of bird chatter probably are able to increase foraging (觅食) success(将鸟叫声视为安全的标志可能是适应性的，因为松鼠在鸟叫声出现时可以安全地降低警惕水平，这可能会提高觅食的成功率)”可知，松鼠通过窃听获取是否存在危险的信息，从而提高觅食成功的概率，故选B。
31．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Dr Jakob Bro-Jorgensen, co-author of the study from Oberlin College, said: “The study calls attention to how animals can gather information from their environment by using cues that may at first glance seem irrelevant,” he said. “And it makes you wonder how the more and more pervasive (无处不在的) impact of human activities on natural soundscapes may reduce survival of wildlife in ways we haven’t thought of.”(这项研究的合著者、来自奥伯林学院的雅各布·布罗-乔根森博士说：“这项研究让人们注意到动物是如何通过使用乍一看似乎无关紧要的线索，从环境中收集信息的。”“这让你想知道，人类活动对自然声景的影响越来越普遍，可能会以我们没有想到的方式减少野生动物的生存。”)”可知，这一部分讲的是研究结果的启示，故选A。
D篇【答案】32．D 33．A 34．C 35．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如果管理得当，小型渔业可以帮助世界。文章解释了小型渔业效率更高，因为他们捕获的东西几乎不会被浪费，但其生存也存在一些挑战，作者对此也给出了建议。
32．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Although ocean ecosystems are stretched to the limit by climate change, overfishing and more, studies nevertheless suggest that seafood can be expanded sustainably to meet future food demands. Success will depend on small-scale fisheries. These fisheries can be remarkably efficient. Almost everything that hand-to-mouth fisheries catch is consumed. By contrast, around 20% of the fish caught by industrial ships is estimated to be wasted, mainly because of unwanted by-catch.(尽管由于气候变化、过度捕捞等原因，海洋生态系统已经达到极限，但研究表明，海产品可以可持续地扩大，以满足未来的粮食需求。成功与否将取决于小规模渔业。这些渔场非常有效率。几乎所有的人工捕捞的渔获物被消耗掉。相比之下，据估计，工业船只捕获的鱼中约有20%被浪费了，主要是由于不必要的副渔获物)”结合文章解释了小型渔业效率更高，因为他们捕获的东西几乎不会被浪费，但其生存也存在一些挑战，作者对此也给出了建议。可知，这篇文章主要告诉我们，如果管理得当，小型渔业可以帮助世界。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段“Success will depend on small-scale fisheries. These fisheries can be remarkably efficient. Almost everything that hand-to-mouth fisheries catch is consumed. By contrast, around 20% of the fish caught by industrial ships is estimated to be wasted, mainly because of unwanted by-catch.(成功与否将取决于小规模渔业。这些渔场非常有效率。几乎所有的人工捕捞的渔获物被消耗掉。相比之下，据估计，工业船只捕获的鱼中约有20%被浪费了，主要是由于不必要的副渔获物)”可知，小规模渔业效率更高，因为他们捕获的东西几乎不会被浪费。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据第三段“Small fishers rarely have the right resources to expand their operations, or even to survive. If they do scale up, they might lose some of their current advantages or engage in the same harmful practices as do large commercial fisheries.(小渔民很少有适当的资源来扩大他们的业务，甚至生存。如果它们确实扩大规模，它们可能会失去目前的一些优势，或者从事与大型商业渔业相同的有害做法)”和第四段“One estimate found that large-scale fishers receive about 3.5 times more subsidies than small-scale fishers do.(一项估计发现，大型渔民获得的补贴大约是小型渔民的3.5倍)”可知，小型渔场的现状是很少有机会获得好的资源。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“One promising strategy is to pair international or national funding with direct contracts for feeding programmes linked to schools, hospitals and similar facilities.(一个有希望的策略是将国际或国家资助与与学校、医院和类似设施有关的供餐计划的直接合同结合起来)”可知，为了促进可持续渔业，作者建议促进小型渔业和供餐项目之间的直接合作。故选D。
七选五【答案】36．G 37．E 38．F 39．D 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了提高工作中情绪自我管理能力的四个方法。
36．前文“One of the cores of emotional intelligence is self-regulation, an important skill in the workplace. Like any skill, mastery of emotional self-control requires intentionality and practice. (情商的核心之一是自我调节，这是工作场所的一项重要技能。像任何技能一样，掌握情绪自我控制需要有意识和实践)”引出话题，说明情绪自我控制技能的重要性，以及掌握它需要的要素，后文具体介绍了四种情绪控制的方法，因此G项“Here are four ways you can develop greater emotional self-management (这里有四种方法可以提高你的情绪自我管理能力)”符合语境，表明提升该能力有方法，承上启下，其中的emotional self-management和前文的emotional self-control呼应。故选G。
37．前文“At that point, although still physiologically keyed up, you will be able to ask yourself, “What is the best course of action right now ” or “What advice would I give someone else who is in my shoes ” (在那个阶段，尽管生理上仍然很紧张，但你可以问自己：‘现在最好的做法是什么？’或者‘如果是我，我会给别人什么建议？’)”建议停下来去思考这些问题，因此E项“Stay focused on coming up with an answer and following through on it (专注于想出一个答案，并坚持到底)”符合语境，进一步说明要想出答案，承接前文，其中的answer和前文的两个问题呼应。故选E。
38．前文“Becoming aware of your self-talk can be difficult. Why is this an important skill to develop (意识到你的自言自语可能很困难。为什么这是一项需要培养的重要技能呢)”表明意识到自言自语的困难，并提问培养这种技能的原因，因此F项“Because it is those background beliefs that fuel our emotional responses (因为正是这些背景式的想法激发了我们的情绪反应)”符合语境，解释了其重要性，是对前文问题的回答。故选F。
39．前文“Ask others you trust to help you recognize when your emotions seem to be getting the best of you. (让你信任的人帮你认识到你的情绪何时会占据你最好的状态)”说明可以让信任的人帮助自己，因此D项“Explain your developmental goals and sincerely ask for help (解释你的发展目标，真诚地寻求帮助)”符合语境，给出具体的求助建议，承接前文，其中的help在前文有同词复现。故选D。
40．前文“Our brains are wired to draw conclusions and form judgments at lightning speed, and those are frequently the cause of our negative emotions. (我们的大脑会以闪电般的速度得出结论并形成判断，而这些往往是我们负面情绪的原因)”指出大脑过于迅速地形成判断会导致负面情绪，后文“but we tend to run with them, sparking the self-talk that follows (但我们往往会跟着它们跑，引发随后的自我对话)”说明大家通常的思维倾向，因此B项“Those judgments are not necessarily accurate (这些判断不一定准确)”符合语境，对前文的判断做出评判，和后文的思维倾向形成转折，其中的judgments在前文有同词复现。故选B。
完型【答案】
41．C 42．A 43．B 44．B 45．D 46．C 47．A 48．A 49．B 50．D 51．C 52．B 53．B 54．C 55．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和朋友骑自行车下山的故事，以及他们面对挑战的经历。作者通过这次经历，意识到人生中需要勇气和决心去面对各种挑战。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所需要做的就是抬起我的脚，然后我就会被冲下山去。根据上文“my right foot pressed back against the coaster brake”和句中“I would be swept down the hill”可知，作者右脚踩着刹车，所以现在只要抬起脚，车就会冲下山去。故选C项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我停了下来。根据句中“But”和下文“which prevented me taking up the challenge.”可知，作者感到害怕，所以没有松刹车，停在了山顶。故选A项。
43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在12岁的我看来，这个山丘就是一座大山，而且坡度非常陡峭，这让我无法面对挑战。根据句中“a mountain”和“which prevented me taking up the challenge.”可知，作者觉得山很大，坡非常得陡，所以不敢向前。故选B项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：三十多年后，我和朋友戴夫和斯科特一起回到家乡，我们骑到山脚下，推着自行车爬上山。根据句中“walked our bikes”可知，三十多年后，作者和朋友又骑车到了山下。故选B项。
45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：三十多年后，我和朋友戴夫和斯科特一起回到家乡，我们骑到山脚下，推着自行车爬上山。根据下文“We stood once more at the top of that hill”可知，作者一行推着车上了山。故选D项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们又一次站在山顶上，从山顶的边缘往下看，但这一次我们换了一双不同的眼睛。根据上文“When I returned to my hometown more than three decades later with my friends Dave and Scott”和句中“We stood once more at the top of that hill”可知，虽然是同样的地方，但现在已经是三十年后，现在的“眼睛”与之前不同。故选C项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们惊讶的是，现在风险似乎更明显了，甚至比我们小时候想象的还要大。根据下文“even larger than we’d imagined as kids. We knew that once we started down, there was no stopping or 8 . And right at the bottom of the hill, we would have to turn left to 9 dumping into the stream.”可知，作者在描述下山之路的风险。故选A项。
48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们知道，一旦我们开始下行，就没有停止或回头的可能。根据上文可知，坡非常陡峭，结合句中“no stopping”可知，一旦向下，自行车就不能停下，也不能回头。故选A项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在山脚下，我们必须向左拐以避免栽进小溪里。根据句中“dumping into the stream”可知，“栽进小溪”是要避免发生的事情。故选B项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了一会儿时间在自行车上调整平衡。结合常识，自行车出发前要调整一下平衡，更不用说作者现在要向山下冲去，所以他们需要调整平衡，做好准备工作。故选D项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我松开刹车，让自己屈服于重力。作者一行是骑车下山，结合常识，下坡的时候，重力让自行车下行，所以作者说自己“屈服于”重力。故选C项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们完成了儿时的挑战——骑自行车从陡峭的山坡上下来。根据上文可知，作者和朋友三十年前没敢骑车冲下山，所以现在是完成了儿时的挑战。故选B项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们并不知道，但在之后的几年里，我们会面临许多类似的问题——离家、结婚、搬到另一个城镇、开始一份新工作等等——这让我们在开始自己的人生之路之前，在边缘停下来，鼓起勇气。根据句中“that would cause us to pause”和“collect our courage”这知，这些事情都是我们生活会面对的问题，会让我们踌躇不前，需要我们鼓足勇气。故选B项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们并不知道，但在之后的几年里，我们会面临许多类似的问题——离家、结婚、搬到另一个城镇、开始一份新工作等等——这让我们在开始自己的人生之路之前，在边缘停下来，鼓起勇气。照应第二段中“We stood once more at the top of that hill, looking down from the edge”作者用edge比喻出发前的踌躇和等待。故选C项。
55．考查连词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们并不知道，但在之后的几年里，我们会面临许多类似的问题——离家、结婚、搬到另一个城镇、开始一份新工作等等——这让我们在开始自己的人生之路之前，在边缘停下来，鼓起勇气。根据句中“collect our courage”和“we launched ourselves down the trails of our lives.”可知，在出发前要先鼓起勇气，用before引导时间状语从句。故选D项。
语法填空【答案】
56．struck 57．to work 58．at 59．was discovered 60．them 61．what 62．an 63．equipment 64．describing 65．scientific
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了达·芬奇的笔记本及其重要意义。
56．考查时态。句意：经过七年的努力练习，他开始独自闯天地。根据He trained for seven years可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填struck。
57．考查非谓语动词。句意：之后，他开始为意大利各地的富人工作。固定搭配set out to do sth.“开始做某事”。故填to work。
58．考查介词。句意：其中一个原因是意大利处于战争状态，人们需要工程师。固定搭配at war“处于战争状态”。故填at。
59．考查时态语态。句意：达·芬奇死后，人们发现他保存了许多记录他工作的笔记本。此处it是形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语，与discover之间是被动关系，且事情发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was discovered。
60．考查代词。句意：虽然他的笔记本在王室中很受欢迎，但直到19世纪末才出版。此处指代前面的复数名词notebooks，作介词of的宾语，应用代词them。故填them。
61．考查同位语从句。句意：在此之前，很少有人知道笔记本里的内容。此处为同位语从句，解释idea的具体内容，从句中的contained缺少宾语，指“……的东西”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
62．考查冠词。句意：事实证明，他的笔记本是一个神奇的宝箱，里面有飞机、坦克、机器人和潜水设备等绘图。box是可数名词，此处需用不定冠词，表泛指，amazing的发音以元音音素开头，应用冠词an。故填an。
63．考查名词。句意同上，此处用名词与前面的名词并列，作such as的宾语，且为不可数。故填equipment。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了这些绘图，还有描述他工作的笔记。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，notes与describe之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动，故填describing。
65．考查形容词。句意：这些笔记中有许多是科学性质的，涉及到他在许多不同领域的研究。此处缺少形容词作表语。故填scientific。
应用文其他范文
Version1:
Dear Tom,
I hope you're doing well! I appreciate your interest in my recent posts about my workouts on social media.
Lately, I've been really into cycling. The feeling of freedom and the rush of wind against my face are exhilarating. Since I started cycling regularly, I've noticed significant improvements in my overall fitness levels. Not only am I stronger physically, but I also feel more mentally alert and focused. It's incredible how much exercise can positively impact both body and mind.
I'd love to hear about any sports or activities you enjoy too!
Version2:
Dear Tom,
How’s it going Hearing that you are interested in my sports and the changes it brings, I am writing to share my sports experience with you.
Recently, I've been immersing myself in playing basketball. There's something incredibly exhilarating about the fast-paced nature of the game and the teamwork involved. Since I started playing regularly, I've noticed significant improvements in my physical fitness – my endurance has increased, and I feel much more agile(flexible) and coordinated. Moreover, basketball has had a positive impact on my mental well-being, providing me with an outlet for stress relief and a sense of accomplishment after each game.
I'm curious to know if you have any favorite sports or activities as well!鄞州中学 2023学年第二学期期中考试
高二年级英语学科试题
考生须知：
1．本卷共 9 页，满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟；
2．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字；
3．所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效；
4．考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。
第 I 卷（选择题 共 95 分）
第一部分 听力（共两节,满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
1. What problem did the man have
A. He left something at home. B. He forgot to book a ticket. C. He missed the bus.
2. Who showed the new playing style to the woman
A. Her coach. B. Her father. C. A famous footballer.
3. What is the weather like
A. Rainy. B. Windy. C. Cloudy.
4.What are the speakers doing
A. Recommending a place to read. B. Sharing memories of holidays. C. Making travel plans.
5. What will the woman do next
A. Check her application. B. Attend an interview. C. Wait for a reply.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What happened to the speakers
A. They have lost something.
B. They can't find their way back.
C. They forgot to bring their bags.
7. What does the woman suggest they do
A. Buy a new water bottle.
B. Go towards the destination.
C. Walk back along the same route.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. What does the woman think of the work
A. Meaningless. B. Challenging. C. Interesting.
9. What does the man plan to do with his bike
A. Make it better than before. B. Sell it to buy a new one. C. Replace its wheels.
10. What is the present seat made of
A. Metal. B. Plastic. C. Leather.
听第 8 段材料, 回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. How can the woman's father be described
A. Talkative. B. Generous. C. Careful.
高二英语学科 试题 第 1 页(共 9 页)
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12. When does the last bus leave
A. At 10:00 p.m. B. At 10:15 p.m. C. At 10:30 p.m.
13. Where are the speakers probably
A. At the woman's home. B. In a restaurant. C. At a bus stop.
听第 9 段材料,回答第 14 至 16 题。
14. Where did the woman get her information about AI
A. From the TV. B. From the Internet. C. From the magazine.
15. What does the man say about Al
A. It could help people with boring work.
B. It could take over the world.
C. It could take away his job.
16. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Friends. B. Co-workers. C. Husband and wife.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What issue is the talk about
A. Why clean air helps people be intelligent.
B. How air pollution damages the brain.
C. What causes traffic pollution.
18. Where was the research conducted
A. In a lab. B. In a car. C. In the open field.
19.What did Professor Lynette Curran think about the research
A. It was surprising. B. It was upsetting. C. It was pleasing.
20. What are people advised to do in the end
A. Use their cars less. B. Focus on further research. C. Stay away from polluted air.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Artwork Contest-Create a Character!
Are you an artist Do you love testing your creative abilities This may be the perfect contest for you!
For this contest, we want you to create your own character. You must create a backstory for the character
and give it a name. Make sure to leave these in the author’s notes section of your submission!
Your character must be completely original. Any character that is not created from your own idea and
work will not be considered for the contest.
Rules:
·You must be a teen (aged 13-19) with a Teen Ink account to enter.
·No inappropriate content.
·Submissions must relate to the topic (Create a Character).
Guidelines and Details:
·All art mediums are accepted.
·There is no limit to the number of pieces you can submit.
高二英语学科 试题 第 2 页(共 9 页)
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·Give your character a name and backstory. Leave these in the “Author’s Comments” section of your
submission.
How to Submit:
·Submit entries through our website. All entries submitted to Teen Ink are automatically considered
for the contest. See our submission guidelines for more information. Include the words “Character
Contest” in your submission’s title.
·Submit your reviews to the “Artwork” category on our site. Select the art type that is relevant to what
you are submitting.
Prizes:
·Honorable mentions will have their characters published in our magazine.
·The overall winner will receive a $ 200 Amazon gift card.
21．What is the requirement for your submission
A．It must be original work. B．It must be about your own life.
C．It must include a story of yourself. D．It must include several characters.
22．Which of the following is there a limit to for your submission
A．The form of art. B．The age of a participant.
C．The number of pieces submitted. D．The name given to your character.
23．What do we know about Teen Ink
A．It’s a magazine. B．It’s an art club.
C．It’s an art school. D．It’s a student organization.
B
It’s 1:30 am in Kenya’s populated north, and 50 people are lying on their backs on the shore of a
dried-up river, staring up at the night sky. These stargazers have travelled 250 miles to Samburu to witness
the Perseid meteor shower(英仙座流星雨). They are not disappointed: Every few minutes, arrows of light
shoot across the sky like silent fireworks.
The Star Safari is organised by a Kenyan astronomer, Susan Murabana, who has brought a 50 kg,170
cm-long telescope to allow the group to view Mars and deep-sky objects. But here in Samburu, where light
pollution is minimal, the Perseid meteors—visible with the naked eye (裸眼)—steal the show.
Every two months, Murabana and her husband load their telescope on to the roof of their 4×4 and set
off to rural communities, where they give up to 300 children a chance to view the planets and learn about
constellations (星座) and the basics of astrophysics. They primarily targets schools in remote areas
because of her mission to give girls an opportunity that she wishes had been available to her.
“When I started this work, I didn’t see people who looked like me. I was a lone ranger and I wanted
to change that.” says Murabana.
“There is a common misconception in Kenya that astronomy in general is hard, boring, and only for
boys,” she adds. “I’d like to teach young girls that astronomy is neither of these things and that they, too,
can become astronomers,” says Murabana.
Murabana’s passion for astronomy began in her early 20s when her uncle invited her to join a similar
outreach session organized by the Cosmos Education. “That was a gamechanger. If an outreach group had
come to me when I was a young teenager, my attitude towards a career in astronomy would have been
高二英语学科 试题 第 3 页(共 9 页)
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positive. I ended up studying sociology and economics, but maybe I would have desired to be an
astronomer,” she says.
Inspired by the Cosmos Education, Murabana completed an online master’s degree in astronomy with
the James Cook University in 201l and set up her own outreach programme. She looked to Dr. Mae
Jemison, the first black woman in space, as a role model. “I hope that one day, through this work, I will
spark a chain reaction that leads to the first African woman in space.”
24．What do the underlined words “steal the show” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Ruin the effort. B．Face the challenge.
C．Attract more attention. D．Keep the promise.
25．Why does Murabana target girl students in remote areas
A．To help them out of poverty. B．To inspire their love of astronomy.
C．To look for assistants for her work. D．To give them an edge over boys in studies.
26．What can we learn about Murabana from paragraph 6
A．She enjoyed playing games.
B．She longed to be an astronomer.
C．She is an initiator of Cosmos Education.
D．She regretted not taking astronomy earlier.
27．What’s the passage mainly about
A．The birth of a Kenyan woman astronomer.
B．The prejudice against girls in rural Kenyan.
C．The Kenyan astronomer bringing astronomy to the people.
D．The Kenyan stargazers watching the Perseid meteors shower.
C
Squirrels eavesdrop on (窃听) the chatter of songbirds to work out whether the appearance of a
predator (食肉动物) is cause for alarm, researchers have found. Animals including squirrels have
previously been found to tune in to cries of alarm from other creatures.
But the latest study suggests animals may also keep an ear out for everyday chitchat among other
species as a way to assess whether there is trouble afoot.
Writing in the journal Plos One, researchers reported on how they made their discovery by observing
67 grey squirrels as they pottered about (晃悠) different areas in the residential regions of Oberlin.
After 30 seconds of observing a squirrel, researchers played it a recording of the call of a red-tailed
hawk (鹰), which lasted a couple of seconds — and their behaviour in the next 30 seconds was monitored.
The squirrels were then played a three-minute recording of several different species of songbird chattering
on a feeder.
The results revealed that in the 30 seconds after hearing the hawk call, the squirrels increased the
percentage of their time spent “vigilant” (警惕) compared with before the call, while they also looked up
more often to scan the environment. Squirrels that were played bird chatter raised their heads less often
during the recording and the number of these “look-ups” dropped off faster over time.
“Recognition of bird chatter as a sign of safety is likely adaptive, as squirrels that can safely reduce
their vigilance level in the presence of bird chatter probably are able to increase foraging (觅食) success,”
高二英语学科 试题 第 4 页(共 9 页)
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the authors wrote.
The team suggested that with levels of human-made noise increasing, squirrels may find it harder to
eavesdrop on birds, meaning they may have to spend more time being alert and less time foraging.
Dr Jakob Bro-Jorgensen, co-author of the study from Oberlin College, said: “The study calls attention
to how animals can gather information from their environment by using cues that may at first glance seem
irrelevant,” he said. “And it makes you wonder how the more and more pervasive (无处不在的) impact of
human activities on natural soundscapes may reduce survival of wildlife in ways we haven’t thought of.”
28．What does the new research find about squirrels’ eavesdropping
A．It lacks scientific evidence. B．It is more widespread and broader.
C．It needs to be further investigated. D．It is contradictory to previous findings.
29．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The subject of the experiment. B．The findings of the experiment.
C．The process of the experiment. D．The purpose of the experiment.
30．Why is recognition of bird chatter as a sign of safety important for squirrels
A．They can escape from potential risks. B．It helps them to forage food successfully.
C．It is safe for them to play with their mates D．They can adapt to a new environment quickly.
31．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning the research
A．Its implication. B．Its appeal to the public.
C．Expectations for further study. D．Scientists with new perspectives.
D
More than three billion people rely on the ocean to make a living, most of whom are in developing
countries. As the global population increases, the demand for seafood is expected to rise, too.
Although ocean ecosystems are stretched to the limit by climate change, overfishing and more,
studies nevertheless suggest that seafood can be expanded sustainably to meet future food demands.
Success will depend on small-scale fisheries. These fisheries can be remarkably efficient. Almost
everything that hand-to-mouth fisheries catch is consumed. By contrast, around 20% of the fish caught by
industrial ships is estimated to be wasted, mainly because of unwanted by-catch.
Small fishers rarely have the right resources to expand their operations, or even to survive. If they do
scale up, they might lose some of their current advantages or engage in the same harmful practices as do
large commercial fisheries. Managed with care, however, small fisheries could provide win-wins for
livelihoods and the environment.
Most nations already have management policies for marine ecosystems that provide for small-scale
fisheries. But small-scale fishers’ rights to access are often poorly defined, ineffectively enforced or
unfairly distributed. Government subsidies (补贴) also require reform. One estimate found that large-scale
fishers receive about 3.5 times more subsidies than small-scale fishers do. Instead, subsidies and other
funds should be directed towards small-scale fishers to let them expand their access to markets, while
keeping them from adopting the negative practices of large-scale operations.
The total global loss and waste from fisheries is estimated at between 30% and 35% annually
primarily due to a lack of technology, good manufacturing practices, and infrastructure such as decent
roads and cold storage. Public and private investment in cold-storage facilities and processing equipment
高二英语学科 试题 第 5 页(共 9 页)
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could help. One promising strategy is to pair international or national funding with direct contracts for
feeding programmes linked to schools, hospitals and similar facilities. Such arrangements would provide
small fisheries with large, consistent markets and storage infrastructure that boosts local consumption and
does not incentivize (刺激) overfishing.
Moreover, simple incentive programmes could be conducted by funders, managers and local
governments trying to promote sustainable fisheries. For example, local markets could display a rating
system for individual fishers or small fisheries. This could include various elements of sustainability other
than environmental ones — such as providing information on the type of fishing equipment, location of the
catch and freshness. Promoting the rating as a social responsibility concept would inform consumers of the
need to support sustainable fisheries.
Anyway, only joint problem-solving efforts can deliver seafood protein, sustainably, to a world that
increasingly needs it.
32．The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A．people in developing countries are more reliable on fishing.
B．the global demand for seafood is increasing dramatically.
C．small-scale fisheries need to be commercialised urgently.
D．small fisheries can help the world if managed with care.
33．Small-scale fisheries are more efficient because ________.
A．what they catch is hardly wasted. B．their by-catch accounts for a larger share.
C．they catch fish by industrial means. D．their operation is limited within a small area.
34．What can be inferred about small fisheries’ current situation
A．They gain no support from governments. B．They are expanding to meet local demands.
C．They have little access to good resources. D．They impact marine ecosystems negatively.
35．To promote sustainable fisheries, which of the following is one of the author’s suggestions
A．To initiate a rating system for small fishers to evaluate the local markets.
B．To provide technology for small fisheries to boost their fishing efficiency.
C．To inspire a sense of social responsibility in large-scale fishers and consumers.
D．To facilitate direct cooperation between small fisheries and feeding programmes.
第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
One of the cores of emotional intelligence is self-regulation, an important skill in the workplace. Like
any skill, mastery of emotional self-control requires intentionality and practice. 36 .
Pause to Mentally Distance
When you notice your typical physiological experiences associated with strong negative emotion,
what should you do Mentally step out of your immediate experience. Asking yourself any question, or
imagining what you might look like to others right now, will do the trick. At that point, although still
physiologically keyed up, you will be able to ask yourself, “What is the best course of action right now ”
or “What advice would I give someone else who is in my shoes ” 37 .
Take Control of Your Self-Talk
We’re frequently unaware of how much self-chatter is going on in the background of our minds. Such
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self-talk might not be in fully articulated (铰接式的) words or phrases, but instead little flashes of thought.
Becoming aware of your self-talk can be difficult. Why is this an important skill to develop 38 . To
genuinely ease a strong negative emotion requires tackling the source by examining the underlying belief
and how accurate, reasonable, or useful it is.
Seek Support from Partners
Ask others you trust to help you recognize when your emotions seem to be getting the best of you.
39 . Agree on a gesture or word that might serve as a signal that your trusted individual wonders whether
you’re riding the led-by-your-limbic-system train. Of course, there will be times they’re wrong. So, it’s
important not to respond defensively when you get that signal. Reacting with anything other than gratitude
ensures that your partner won’t take that risk again.
Cultivate Curiosity
Our brains are wired to draw conclusions and form judgments at lightning speed, and those are
frequently the cause of our negative emotions. 40 , but we tend to run with them, sparking the
self-talk that follows. Generally working to be more curious about other people’s experiences, including
their self-identified motives for their behavior, helps avoid making hasty judgments.
A．They are comfortable with all emotions.
B．Those judgments are not necessarily accurate.
C．Doing so provides you with choices as to how to act.
D．Explain your developmental goals and sincerely ask for help.
E．Stay focused on coming up with an answer and following through on it.
F．Because it is those background beliefs that fuel our emotional responses.
G．Here are four ways you can develop greater emotional self-management.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文,从文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I stopped at the top of the hill, my right foot pressed back against the coaster brake (脚刹) on my
bicycle. All I needed to do was to 41 my foot, and I would be swept down the hill. But I 42 .
To my 12-year-old eyes, the hill was a mountain and the slope was 43 steep, which prevented me
taking up the challenge.
When I returned to my hometown more than three decades later with my friends Dave and Scott, we
44 to the base of the hill and walked our bikes 45 . We stood once more at the top of that hill,
looking down from the edge, but this time with a 46 set of eyes. To our surprise, now the 47
seemed more obvious, even larger than we’d imagined as kids. We knew that once we started down, there
was no stopping or 48 . And right at the bottom of the hill, we would have to turn left to 49
dumping into the stream.
Dave went first. Then I was next. My heart was pounding. I 50 on the bike for a moment.
Then I released the brake and yielded myself to 51 . I skidded to a stop next to Dave. Scott
followed. The three of us spent several minutes laughing, draining off the adrenaline (肾上腺素) . We had
52 the childhood challenge of riding our bikes down the steep hill.
We didn’t know it then, but we’d face many similar 53 over the years — leaving home,
getting married, moving to a different town, starting a new job, and many others — that would cause us to
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pause at the 54 and collect our courage 55 we launched ourselves down the trails of our
lives.
41．A．stamp B．break C．lift D．keep
42．A．paused B．started C．charged D．anticipated
43．A．unnecessarily B．incredibly C．precisely D．hardly
44．A．ran B．rode C．climbed D．wandered
45．A．out B．off C．away D．up
46．A．similar B．whole C．different D．minor
47．A．risk B．stream C．slope D．assumption
48．A．turning back B．looking down C．giving in D．breaking out
49．A．get B．avoid C．make D．search
50．A．emerged B．improved C．delayed D．balanced
51．A．pressure B．fate C．gravity D．difficulty
52．A．recalled B．completed C．forgotten D．ranked
53．A．activities B．troubles C．lessons D．periods
54．A．corner B．route C．edge D．line
55．A．when B．because C．after D．before
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Even as a young boy, Leonardo da Vinci showed promise as an artist. He trained for seven years, and
then 56 (strike) out on his own. Afterwards, he set out 57 (work) for wealthy men throughout
Italy. Leonardo began his career as a painter, but he most often worked as an engineer. One of the reasons
was that Italy was 58 war, and people needed engineers.
After Leonardo’s death, it 59 (discover) that he had kept many notebooks illustrating his work.
Although his notebooks were popular in the royal families, none of 60 were published until the late
19th century. Until then, few people had had any idea 61 they contained.
As it has turned out, his notebooks are 62 amazing treasure box of drawings, such as airplanes,
tanks, robots, and diving 63 (equip). Along with these drawings are notes 64 (describe) his
work. Many of these notes are 65 (science) in nature, involving his research in many different
fields. His notebooks show that he was the greatest artist and scientist of his time.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分）
假如你是李华，你的美国朋友 Tom 近期在朋友圈经常刷到你上传的运动照片，照片里你看起来
特别有活力，Tom 为此写信询问你的运动情况和运动带给你的变化，请你给他写封回信，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 喜爱的运动项目；
3. 运动带来的变化和影响；
注意：1. 词数：80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节 读后续写 （满分 25 分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文.
Nilsa stared at the clock on the classroom wall, daydreaming about lunch. Her mother had prepared a
thermos (保温瓶) full of sancocho. It was one of Nilsa’s favorite dishes, and the national dish of Panama
— a country in central America and the hometown of Nilsa’s family. Just thinking about sancocho made
her mouth water.
Finally, it was time for lunch. Nilsa carefully poured some sancocho into a bowl. When she looked up,
she saw her classmates staring.
“What is that It smells really bad,” said Gus, covering his nose. “It’s sancocho,” Nilsa responded.
“It’s kind of like chicken soup.” Codi glanced at the bowl and said, “Soup It’s more like a science
experiment.” He laughed, pointed to his lunch, and asked, “That’s one weird lunch. Why don’t you eat
something normal, like pizza ”
Nilsa looked at everyone else’s lunches: pizza, fries, and sandwiches. Suddenly she didn’t feel hungry
any more.
When Nilsa returned home and complained about her classmates’ negative comments, her mother
wasn’t mad. Instead, she listened attentively and reminded Nilsa that there is no such thing as “normal” or
“weird” food, and that different cultures have their own unique dishes that are loved and appreciated by
those who grew up with them.
Nilsa’s mother also suggested making a fresh batch for Nilsa to bring to school the next day. “Then
you can share it with your classmates and tell them sancocho tastes great, and that our family has been
eating it for hundreds of years. Your great-grandmother taught your grandmother who then taught me.
Nilsa nodded in excitement, and she was grateful for the opportunity to share her favorite dish with
her classmates.
注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para1: The next day at lunch, Nilsa pulled out her thermos.
Para2: When Nilsa returned home and greeted her mother that day, her happiness was beyond description.
命题老师 王 术
审题老师 朱维霞
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