2024届高三下学期英语培优外刊阅读学案 火山喷发话题（含答案）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024届高三下学期英语培优外刊阅读学案 火山喷发话题（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 20.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-19 20:33:58 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
高三英语培优外刊阅读
班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________
外刊精选｜冰与火之劫：火山喷发犹如末日，冰岛人如何应对？
从去年11月以来，冰岛这个国家频繁出现在新闻报道中，一天地震近800次，犹如末日般的火山喷发景象引发了全球关注。当地时间1月14日，冰岛西南部雷克雅内斯半岛发生火山喷发，这是1个月以内该地区的第二次火山喷发，岩浆流入附近的渔港小镇格林达维克，熔岩流入侵居民住宅区，部分建筑物被吞噬，所幸当地居民已提前撤离。冰岛为什么被称为“冰与火之国”？当火山喷发从自然奇观变成生存威胁，冰岛人如何应对？
Iceland Faces 'New Chapter' of Seismic Activity as Lava Menaces Town
By Egill Bjarnason and Emma Bubola
Living in a country that straddles two tectonic plates and has 130 or so volcanoes, Icelanders are no strangers to earthquakes and eruptions.
But a lava stream that flowed into the southwestern town of Grindavik on Sunday, burning three homes — the first time in about 50 years that a residential area had been affected — was further proof that a threatening new phase of seismic activity had started in the area, according to Iceland's president.
"A daunting period of upheaval has begun on the Reykjanes Peninsula," the president, Gudni Johannesson, said in a televised address on Sunday night, referring to the area that includes Grindavik.
The scorching orange stream of lava that poured out of a fissure on Sunday, descending on Grindavik, has left a question mark over when residents there might return.
Tourism in Grindavik has been further boosted by frequent eruptions at the Fagradalsfjall mountain ridge, where the Reykjanes Peninsula first flared to life in 2021, after centuries of calm. But now, the volcanoes are threatening the town.
Hordur Gudbrandsson, leader of a local labor union, said he was concerned about the future of the town, but he noted that, for a community that traditionally made its living on fishing boats in the stormy North Atlantic, facing up to adversity was a common trait.
"If you live in Iceland," said Vilhjalmur Arnason, a lawmaker and resident of Grindavik, "You have to manage to live with the nature."
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.seismic英 [ sa zm k] 美 [ sa zm k] adj. _______________________________
2.lava英 [ lɑ v ] 美 [ lɑ v ] n. _______________________________
3.menace英 [ men s] 美 [ men s] v. __________________ n. ___________
4.straddle英 [ str dl] 美 [ str dl] v. _______________________________
5.eruption英 [ 'r p n] 美 [ 'r p n] n. _______________________________
6.stream英 [stri m] 美 [stri m] n. _______________________________
7.phase英 [fe z] 美 [fe z] n. _______________________________
8.daunting英 [ d nt ] 美 [ d nt ] adj. _______________________________
9.upheaval英 [ p hi vl] 美 [ p hi vl] n. _______________________________
10.address英 [ dres] 美 [ dres] n. _______________________________
11.scorching英 [ sk t ] 美 [ sk rt ] adj. _______________________________
12.pour英 [p ] 美 [p r] v. _______________________________
13.fissure英 [ f ] 美 [ f r] n._______________________________
14.boost英 [bu st] 美 [bu st] v._______________________________
15.ridge英 [r d ] 美 [r d ] n. _______________________________
16.flare英 [fle ] 美 [fler] v. _______________________________
17.note英 [n t] 美 [no t] v. _________________ n. __________________
munity英 [k mju n ti] 美 [k mju n ti] n. _______________________________
19.stormy英 [ st mi] 美 [ st rmi] adj. _______________________________
20.adversity英 [ d v s ti] 美 [ d v rs ti] n. _______________________________
21.trait英 [tre t] 美 [tre t] n. _______________________________
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1._______________________________新篇章；新阶段；新局面
2._______________________________开启人生新篇章
3._______________________________地震波
4._______________________________ 经历剧烈的社会变动
5._______________________________地壳板块
6._______________________________已习惯......，已适应......
7._______________________________火山喷发
8._______________________________ 一阵爆笑
9_______________________________熔岩流
10._______________________________山间溪流
11._______________________________车流
12_______________________________艰巨的任务
13_______________________________发表了演讲
14_______________________________烈日，骄阳
15_______________________________倾盆大雨
16._______________________________ 大量注资
17._______________________________v. 到访，造访（visit）
18._______________________________某事处于未知状态
19._______________________________促进经济
20._______________________________ 进入火山活跃状态
21._______________________________工会
22._______________________________谋生，以......为生
23._______________________________勇敢面对、直面（通常指过去逃避的对象）
24._______________________________ 直面我的恐惧
25._______________________________忍耐、接受（某种令人不快的东西）
26._______________________________与自然共存
拓展练习阅读理解
What’s the first thing that pops into your mind when you think of wheat straw Most people would probably just see it as a pile of waste in a farmer’s field. However, Wu Cui, an intangible cultural inheritor, can turn the straw left over from harvested wheat into beautiful and eye-catching functional artworks.
The earliest straw-weaving (草编的) products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins, a Neolithic cultural site located in eastern China’s Zhejiang province. The Book of Rites, one of the classical works of Confucianism, also records that there were already mats made of cattail grass and professional straw-weaving craftsmen during the Zhou Dynasty (c.11th century-256 BC).
Straw weaving is a method of manufacturing daily items or artworks. It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
Wu explains the process of straw weaving: selection of materials is the first step of a complicated, time-consuming and labor-intensive process that can take weeks, or even months, to complete. You need to sketch (素描) the piece on paper, which requires drawing skills. Next comes weaving, shaping and preserving of the work. Even by finishing that process, it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work, and the hardest part is to make it vivid.
In the past, woven straw items could be found almost in every household in the countryside, such as straw hats and straw shoes, because they were practical in everyday life. But due to the impact of industrialization, manufactured goods have replaced such products, which produce low profits, and there are only about 100 individuals engaging in the work across the country. “The world has changed, and craftsmen need to transcend practicality and seek the beauty and artistry of straw culture to help the craft survive and develop,” Wu says.
As far as she is concerned, straw weaving should respond to people’s needs and preferences, while still drawing inspiration from traditional culture. “Craftspeople should make a great effort to grasp the trends and opportunities of the times to create new and relevant products,” she says. When asked about her plans, Wu says she wants to dig deeper into local traditional culture and create cultural creative products by developing the straw-weaving technique.
55.What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about straw-weaving products
A.Their major uses. B.Their cultural value.
C.Their historic origins. D.Their manufacturing process.
56.Which is the most difficult part for straw-weaving craftsmen according to Wu Cui
A.Making the artworks lifelike. B.Drawing sketches on paper.
C.Selecting suitable materials. D.Preserving finished products.
57.What does the underlined word “transcend” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A.Rely on. B.Turn to. C.Throw away. D.Go beyond.
58.What can we learn from Wu Cui’s opinion according to the last paragraph
A.Straw-weaving products are out of favor with customers.
B.Seeking fashion should be the first task for craftspeople.
C.Local people benefit a lot from the straw-weaving techniques.
D.Craftsmen should create the craft based on traditional culture.
外刊精选答案
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.seismic英 [ sa zm k] 美 [ sa zm k] adj. 地震的；带来强烈且广泛的影响的
2.lava英 [ lɑ v ] 美 [ lɑ v ] n. 熔岩，岩浆
3.menace英 [ men s] 美 [ men s] v. （本文）对......造成威胁 n. 威胁
4.straddle英 [ str dl] 美 [ str dl] v. 横跨；跨坐
5.eruption英 [ 'r p n] 美 [ 'r p n] n. 喷发；爆发
6.stream英 [stri m] 美 [stri m] n. 流
7.phase英 [fe z] 美 [fe z] n. 阶段，时期（chapter）
8.daunting英 [ d nt ] 美 [ d nt ] adj. 让人害怕的
9.upheaval英 [ p hi vl] 美 [ p hi vl] n. （本文）地壳隆起；剧变，激变
10.address英 [ dres] 美 [ dres] n. 演讲
11.scorching英 [ sk t ] 美 [ sk rt ] adj. 炙热的，灼热的（very hot）
12.pour英 [p ] 美 [p r] v. 涌出，倾泻
13.fissure英 [ f ] 美 [ f r] n. 裂缝
14.boost英 [bu st] 美 [bu st] v. 促进，刺激
15.ridge英 [r d ] 美 [r d ] n. 山脊
16.flare英 [fle ] 美 [fler] v. 突然烧旺、变亮
17.note英 [n t] 美 [no t] v. （本文）提及某事；留意 n. 笔记
munity英 [k mju n ti] 美 [k mju n ti] n. 共同体
19.stormy英 [ st mi] 美 [ st rmi] adj. （大海）波涛汹涌的
20.adversity英 [ d v s ti] 美 [ d v rs ti] n. 困难，逆境
21.trait英 [tre t] 美 [tre t] n. 特征，特质
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.new chapter新篇章；新阶段；新局面
2.start a new chapter in one's life 开启人生新篇章
3.seismic waves 地震波
4.undergo seismic social changes 经历剧烈的社会变动
5.tectonic plate地壳板块
6.be no stranger to something已习惯......，已适应......
7.volcanic eruption 火山喷发
8.an eruption of laughter 一阵爆笑
9.a lava stream 熔岩流
10.the mountain stream 山间溪流
11.a stream of traffic 车流
12.a daunting task 艰巨的任务
13.gave an address 发表了演讲
14.the scorching sun 烈日，骄阳
15.the pouring rain 倾盆大雨
16.the pouring money 大量注资
17.descend on v. 到访，造访（visit）
18.a question mark over something某事处于未知状态
19.boost the economy 促进经济
20.flare to life 进入火山活跃状态
21.labor union工会
22.make one's living谋生，以......为生
23.face up to something勇敢面对、直面（通常指过去逃避的对象）
24.face up to my fears 直面我的恐惧
25.live with something忍耐、接受（某种令人不快的东西）
26.live with the nature 与自然共存
【全文翻译】
熔岩危及城镇，冰岛面临地震活动“新阶段”
生活在一个横跨两大板块，坐拥130多座火山的国家，冰岛人民对地震和火山爆发并不陌生。
然而，周日一股熔岩流涌入冰岛西南部的格林达维克镇（Grindavik），烧毁了三间房屋，这是近50年来居民住宅区首次受到火山影响。冰岛总统称，这进一步证实了新一轮地震活动开始威胁该地区。
冰岛总统古德尼·约翰内松（Gudni Johannesson）在周日晚间的电视讲话中说道，“雷克雅内斯半岛（Reykjanes Peninsula）已然迎来一段时期的地壳隆起活动，让人感到畏惧，”总统表示受影响地区包括格林达维克镇。
周日当天，炽热的橙色熔岩流从缝隙中喷涌而出，向格林达维克镇直扑而来，当地居民何时能归城目前仍未可知。
2021年，雷克雅内斯半岛在沉寂数百年之后，首次燎起熊熊火焰，火山变得活跃起来。由于法格拉达尔火山（Fagradalsfjall）山脊处频繁的火山喷发，格林达维克镇的旅游业也得到了进一步发展。但现在，火山对于这座小镇而言变成了威胁。
当地工会领导人霍杜尔·古德布兰德森（Hordur Gudbrandsson）表示，他十分担忧小镇的未来。但他也指出，一直以来，当地居民靠着渔船在波浪滔天的北大西洋里闯出了一条生路，对大家而言，直面逆境是一种共同品质。
“如果你生活在冰岛，”居住在格林达维克镇的议员维尔贾尔穆尔·阿纳森（Vilhjalmur Arnason）说道，“你必须设法与大自然共存。”
拓展练习阅读理解参考答案
55.C 56.A 57.D 58.D
班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________
外刊精选｜冰与火之劫：火山喷发犹如末日，冰岛人如何应对？
从去年11月以来，冰岛这个国家频繁出现在新闻报道中，一天地震近800次，犹如末日般的火山喷发景象引发了全球关注。当地时间1月14日，冰岛西南部雷克雅内斯半岛发生火山喷发，这是1个月以内该地区的第二次火山喷发，岩浆流入附近的渔港小镇格林达维克，熔岩流入侵居民住宅区，部分建筑物被吞噬，所幸当地居民已提前撤离。冰岛为什么被称为“冰与火之国”？当火山喷发从自然奇观变成生存威胁，冰岛人如何应对？
Iceland Faces 'New Chapter' of Seismic Activity as Lava Menaces Town
By Egill Bjarnason and Emma Bubola
Living in a country that straddles two tectonic plates and has 130 or so volcanoes, Icelanders are no strangers to earthquakes and eruptions.
But a lava stream that flowed into the southwestern town of Grindavik on Sunday, burning three homes — the first time in about 50 years that a residential area had been affected — was further proof that a threatening new phase of seismic activity had started in the area, according to Iceland's president.
"A daunting period of upheaval has begun on the Reykjanes Peninsula," the president, Gudni Johannesson, said in a televised address on Sunday night, referring to the area that includes Grindavik.
The scorching orange stream of lava that poured out of a fissure on Sunday, descending on Grindavik, has left a question mark over when residents there might return.
Tourism in Grindavik has been further boosted by frequent eruptions at the Fagradalsfjall mountain ridge, where the Reykjanes Peninsula first flared to life in 2021, after centuries of calm. But now, the volcanoes are threatening the town.
Hordur Gudbrandsson, leader of a local labor union, said he was concerned about the future of the town, but he noted that, for a community that traditionally made its living on fishing boats in the stormy North Atlantic, facing up to adversity was a common trait.
"If you live in Iceland," said Vilhjalmur Arnason, a lawmaker and resident of Grindavik, "You have to manage to live with the nature."
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.seismic英 [ sa zm k] 美 [ sa zm k] adj. _______________________________
2.lava英 [ lɑ v ] 美 [ lɑ v ] n. _______________________________
3.menace英 [ men s] 美 [ men s] v. __________________ n. ___________
4.straddle英 [ str dl] 美 [ str dl] v. _______________________________
5.eruption英 [ 'r p n] 美 [ 'r p n] n. _______________________________
6.stream英 [stri m] 美 [stri m] n. _______________________________
7.phase英 [fe z] 美 [fe z] n. _______________________________
8.daunting英 [ d nt ] 美 [ d nt ] adj. _______________________________
9.upheaval英 [ p hi vl] 美 [ p hi vl] n. _______________________________
10.address英 [ dres] 美 [ dres] n. _______________________________
11.scorching英 [ sk t ] 美 [ sk rt ] adj. _______________________________
12.pour英 [p ] 美 [p r] v. _______________________________
13.fissure英 [ f ] 美 [ f r] n._______________________________
14.boost英 [bu st] 美 [bu st] v._______________________________
15.ridge英 [r d ] 美 [r d ] n. _______________________________
16.flare英 [fle ] 美 [fler] v. _______________________________
17.note英 [n t] 美 [no t] v. _________________ n. __________________
munity英 [k mju n ti] 美 [k mju n ti] n. _______________________________
19.stormy英 [ st mi] 美 [ st rmi] adj. _______________________________
20.adversity英 [ d v s ti] 美 [ d v rs ti] n. _______________________________
21.trait英 [tre t] 美 [tre t] n. _______________________________
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1._______________________________新篇章；新阶段；新局面
2._______________________________开启人生新篇章
3._______________________________地震波
4._______________________________ 经历剧烈的社会变动
5._______________________________地壳板块
6._______________________________已习惯......，已适应......
7._______________________________火山喷发
8._______________________________ 一阵爆笑
9_______________________________熔岩流
10._______________________________山间溪流
11._______________________________车流
12_______________________________艰巨的任务
13_______________________________发表了演讲
14_______________________________烈日，骄阳
15_______________________________倾盆大雨
16._______________________________ 大量注资
17._______________________________v. 到访，造访（visit）
18._______________________________某事处于未知状态
19._______________________________促进经济
20._______________________________ 进入火山活跃状态
21._______________________________工会
22._______________________________谋生，以......为生
23._______________________________勇敢面对、直面（通常指过去逃避的对象）
24._______________________________ 直面我的恐惧
25._______________________________忍耐、接受（某种令人不快的东西）
26._______________________________与自然共存
拓展练习阅读理解
What’s the first thing that pops into your mind when you think of wheat straw Most people would probably just see it as a pile of waste in a farmer’s field. However, Wu Cui, an intangible cultural inheritor, can turn the straw left over from harvested wheat into beautiful and eye-catching functional artworks.
The earliest straw-weaving (草编的) products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins, a Neolithic cultural site located in eastern China’s Zhejiang province. The Book of Rites, one of the classical works of Confucianism, also records that there were already mats made of cattail grass and professional straw-weaving craftsmen during the Zhou Dynasty (c.11th century-256 BC).
Straw weaving is a method of manufacturing daily items or artworks. It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
Wu explains the process of straw weaving: selection of materials is the first step of a complicated, time-consuming and labor-intensive process that can take weeks, or even months, to complete. You need to sketch (素描) the piece on paper, which requires drawing skills. Next comes weaving, shaping and preserving of the work. Even by finishing that process, it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work, and the hardest part is to make it vivid.
In the past, woven straw items could be found almost in every household in the countryside, such as straw hats and straw shoes, because they were practical in everyday life. But due to the impact of industrialization, manufactured goods have replaced such products, which produce low profits, and there are only about 100 individuals engaging in the work across the country. “The world has changed, and craftsmen need to transcend practicality and seek the beauty and artistry of straw culture to help the craft survive and develop,” Wu says.
As far as she is concerned, straw weaving should respond to people’s needs and preferences, while still drawing inspiration from traditional culture. “Craftspeople should make a great effort to grasp the trends and opportunities of the times to create new and relevant products,” she says. When asked about her plans, Wu says she wants to dig deeper into local traditional culture and create cultural creative products by developing the straw-weaving technique.
55.What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about straw-weaving products
A.Their major uses. B.Their cultural value.
C.Their historic origins. D.Their manufacturing process.
56.Which is the most difficult part for straw-weaving craftsmen according to Wu Cui
A.Making the artworks lifelike. B.Drawing sketches on paper.
C.Selecting suitable materials. D.Preserving finished products.
57.What does the underlined word “transcend” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A.Rely on. B.Turn to. C.Throw away. D.Go beyond.
58.What can we learn from Wu Cui’s opinion according to the last paragraph
A.Straw-weaving products are out of favor with customers.
B.Seeking fashion should be the first task for craftspeople.
C.Local people benefit a lot from the straw-weaving techniques.
D.Craftsmen should create the craft based on traditional culture.
外刊精选答案
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.seismic英 [ sa zm k] 美 [ sa zm k] adj. 地震的；带来强烈且广泛的影响的
2.lava英 [ lɑ v ] 美 [ lɑ v ] n. 熔岩，岩浆
3.menace英 [ men s] 美 [ men s] v. （本文）对......造成威胁 n. 威胁
4.straddle英 [ str dl] 美 [ str dl] v. 横跨；跨坐
5.eruption英 [ 'r p n] 美 [ 'r p n] n. 喷发；爆发
6.stream英 [stri m] 美 [stri m] n. 流
7.phase英 [fe z] 美 [fe z] n. 阶段，时期（chapter）
8.daunting英 [ d nt ] 美 [ d nt ] adj. 让人害怕的
9.upheaval英 [ p hi vl] 美 [ p hi vl] n. （本文）地壳隆起；剧变，激变
10.address英 [ dres] 美 [ dres] n. 演讲
11.scorching英 [ sk t ] 美 [ sk rt ] adj. 炙热的，灼热的（very hot）
12.pour英 [p ] 美 [p r] v. 涌出，倾泻
13.fissure英 [ f ] 美 [ f r] n. 裂缝
14.boost英 [bu st] 美 [bu st] v. 促进，刺激
15.ridge英 [r d ] 美 [r d ] n. 山脊
16.flare英 [fle ] 美 [fler] v. 突然烧旺、变亮
17.note英 [n t] 美 [no t] v. （本文）提及某事；留意 n. 笔记
munity英 [k mju n ti] 美 [k mju n ti] n. 共同体
19.stormy英 [ st mi] 美 [ st rmi] adj. （大海）波涛汹涌的
20.adversity英 [ d v s ti] 美 [ d v rs ti] n. 困难，逆境
21.trait英 [tre t] 美 [tre t] n. 特征，特质
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.new chapter新篇章；新阶段；新局面
2.start a new chapter in one's life 开启人生新篇章
3.seismic waves 地震波
4.undergo seismic social changes 经历剧烈的社会变动
5.tectonic plate地壳板块
6.be no stranger to something已习惯......，已适应......
7.volcanic eruption 火山喷发
8.an eruption of laughter 一阵爆笑
9.a lava stream 熔岩流
10.the mountain stream 山间溪流
11.a stream of traffic 车流
12.a daunting task 艰巨的任务
13.gave an address 发表了演讲
14.the scorching sun 烈日，骄阳
15.the pouring rain 倾盆大雨
16.the pouring money 大量注资
17.descend on v. 到访，造访（visit）
18.a question mark over something某事处于未知状态
19.boost the economy 促进经济
20.flare to life 进入火山活跃状态
21.labor union工会
22.make one's living谋生，以......为生
23.face up to something勇敢面对、直面（通常指过去逃避的对象）
24.face up to my fears 直面我的恐惧
25.live with something忍耐、接受（某种令人不快的东西）
26.live with the nature 与自然共存
【全文翻译】
熔岩危及城镇，冰岛面临地震活动“新阶段”
生活在一个横跨两大板块，坐拥130多座火山的国家，冰岛人民对地震和火山爆发并不陌生。
然而，周日一股熔岩流涌入冰岛西南部的格林达维克镇（Grindavik），烧毁了三间房屋，这是近50年来居民住宅区首次受到火山影响。冰岛总统称，这进一步证实了新一轮地震活动开始威胁该地区。
冰岛总统古德尼·约翰内松（Gudni Johannesson）在周日晚间的电视讲话中说道，“雷克雅内斯半岛（Reykjanes Peninsula）已然迎来一段时期的地壳隆起活动，让人感到畏惧，”总统表示受影响地区包括格林达维克镇。
周日当天，炽热的橙色熔岩流从缝隙中喷涌而出，向格林达维克镇直扑而来，当地居民何时能归城目前仍未可知。
2021年，雷克雅内斯半岛在沉寂数百年之后，首次燎起熊熊火焰，火山变得活跃起来。由于法格拉达尔火山（Fagradalsfjall）山脊处频繁的火山喷发，格林达维克镇的旅游业也得到了进一步发展。但现在，火山对于这座小镇而言变成了威胁。
当地工会领导人霍杜尔·古德布兰德森（Hordur Gudbrandsson）表示，他十分担忧小镇的未来。但他也指出，一直以来，当地居民靠着渔船在波浪滔天的北大西洋里闯出了一条生路，对大家而言，直面逆境是一种共同品质。
“如果你生活在冰岛，”居住在格林达维克镇的议员维尔贾尔穆尔·阿纳森（Vilhjalmur Arnason）说道，“你必须设法与大自然共存。”
拓展练习阅读理解参考答案
55.C 56.A 57.D 58.D