2024届高三下学期英语培优外刊阅读学案 新年话题（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2024届高三下学期英语培优外刊阅读学案 新年话题（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-19 20:35:55 | ||
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高三英语培优外刊阅读
班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________
外刊精选｜新年新气象，二月定目标更容易实现
2024年的春节假期已经结束，你还记得元旦时立下的“新年flag”吗？在过去的一个多月里，你有严格地按照制定的计划，坚持每天多读书、多运动、少看手机吗？如果没有，那该怎么办？今天这篇来自《纽约时报》的文章就指出，二月份才是制定新年目标的最佳时间。为什么这么说？关于执行新年计划，又有哪些更可行的建议？
Why February Is the Best Month for Resolutions
By Dani Blum
It might be the dreariest month of the year, but there are at least two things going for February: It's short, and it's not January.
February brings a reprieve from the pressures that come with the start of the year. The steady stream of gym advertisements eases up. Dry January ends, and bars get more of their customers back. For those of us already thinking about abandoning our New Year's resolutions, the arrival of February may seem like tacit permission to give up.
"Life is about consistent, attainable healthy habits, or adding things into your life in manageable pieces," said Thea Gallagher, a clinical psychologist and associate professor at NYU Langone Health.
It's important to first think about whether you made the right resolution. Consider a goal that's "almost embarrassingly manageable," Dr. Gallagher said. She has challenged herself to read 10 minutes a day which might not sound like much, but adds up over the week, she said. Instead of aiming for lofty goals, start low and go slow.
You can't, and shouldn't, expect to hit a goal 100 percent of the time. If you're trying to eat better, for example, maybe follow an 80/20 rule, Dr. Gallagher said: Let yourself eat whatever you want 20 percent of the time, so you don't burn out on rigid restrictions.
Show yourself grace and compassion, suggested Angela Neal-Barnett, a professor of psychological sciences at Kent State University. Instead of beating yourself up, savor the small wins. If you're trying to walk two miles every day and logged only a half-mile today, appreciate the movement you did fit in.
"Tomorrow is another day," Dr. Neal-Barnett said. "And you just start there."
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.resolution英 [ rez lu n] 美 [ rez lu n] n. _______________________________
2.dreary英 [ dr ri] 美 [ dr ri] adj. _______________________________
3.reprieve英 [r pri v] 美 [r pri v] n. _______________________________
4.dry adj. _______________________________
5.abandon英 [ b nd n] 美 [ b nd n] v. _______________________________
6.tacit英 [ t s t] 美 [ t s t] adj._______________________________
7.attainable英 [ te n bl] 美 [ te n bl] adj._______________________________
8.attain v_______________________________
9.in英 [ n] 美 [ n]prep._______________________________
10.manage v._______________________________
11.embarrassingly英 [ m b r s li] 美 [ m b r s li] adv. ___________________
12.lofty英 [ l fti] 美 [ lɑ fti] adj. _______________________________
13.rigid英 [ r d d] 美 [ r d d] adj. _______________________________
14.grace英 [ɡre s] 美 [ɡre s] n. _______________________________
15.savor / savour英 [ se v ] 美 [ se v r] v._______________________________
16.log英 [l ɡ] 美 [lɑ ɡ] v. _______________________________
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1._______________________________ 新年决定，新年目标
2._______________________________新年计划
3._______________________________新年愿望
4._______________________________一部乏味的影片
5._______________________________一连串的，源源不断的......
6._______________________________ 车流不息
7._______________________________络绎不绝
9._______________________________一月戒酒
10._______________________________ 一场无酒的婚礼
11._______________________________默许
12._______________________________可达到的目标
13._______________________________可操纵的，可处理的，能够应对的
14._______________________________管理一个工厂
15._______________________________ 管理你的时间
16._______________________________使人害羞的，使人难堪的，使人惭愧的
17._______________________________ 阁楼，顶楼
18._______________________________崇高的抱负
19._______________________________疲惫不堪，精疲力竭；（火苗）熄灭
20_______________________________僵化的教育方式
21._______________________________承蒙上帝的恩惠
22._______________________________（为某事而）过分自责，自暴自弃
23._______________________________安排时间处理某事；适应，融入
拓展练习阅读理解
Two-thirds of the world population lives under conditions where the freshwater demand is more than twice the natural water availability for at least one month per year. According to official statistics, one billion of those live in India and 0.9 billion live in China. Other areas facing this problem for longer periods include Bangladesh (130 million people), the western and southern states of the USA (130 million), Pakistan (120 million), Nigeria (110 million), and Mexico (90 million).
Communities use a range of techniques to overcome this issue. In dry summers, those near the coast can desalinate (淡化) seawater, although the process requires a large amount of energy and expenditure. Some remote inland communities have alternative methods that suit their particular conditions. For example, many high-altitude Chilean communities in the Andes use fog collectors, specialized nets that can gather just a few liters a day.
Elsewhere, there’s another option available. Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new device that passively harvests water from the air around the clock. The device is made up of a specially coated glass pane (玻璃板) that reflects solar radiation and also radiates away its own heat. In doing so, it cools down by as much as 15 degrees Celsius below the surrounding temperatures. This difference in temperature between the air and the pane causes water vapor to condense (凝结) on its underside, which can then be easily collected.
Tests so far have been conducted on a university building in Zurich and suggest that the device can produce twice as much water per day as other passive water-collection technologies. Under ideal conditions, researchers harvested 0.53 decilitres of water per square metre of the surface per hour. “That’s close to the theoretical maximum value of 0.6 decilitres per hour, which is physically impossible to exceed,” says Iwan Hachler, a doctoral student who is working on the technology.
The zero-energy input of the set-up could make it suitable for use in developing countries, particularly in remote communities where water shortage is often combined with power shortages. The scientists are hopeful that the device could be used with other water-collection methods, such as desalination, to increase productivity.
59.What does the author want to tell us by mentioning official statistics in Paragraph 1
A.Fresh water insecurity is a global crisis.
B.Water resources are unevenly distributed globally.
C.Lack of water seriously restricts many countries’ growth.
D.Developed countries are better at handling water shortages.
60.How do many Chileans living in the Andes deal with the inadequate water supply
A.By harvesting water from fog.
B.By bringing in seawater and purifying it.
C.By moving to water-rich areas in summer.
D.By cutting down on their water consumption.
61.Why is a coated glass pane used in the new device
A.To hold the condensed water. B.To work as a cooling surface.
C.To get rid of harmful solar radiation. D.To record the changes in temperature.
62.What can be inferred about the new device
A.It produces satisfying outcomes. B.It is limited to laboratory environments.
C.It has met with theoretical bottlenecks. D.It needs further confirmation from experts.
外刊精选答案
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.resolution英 [ rez lu n] 美 [ rez lu n] n. 决心，决定
2.dreary英 [ dr ri] 美 [ dr ri] adj. 沉闷的，枯燥的（boring）
3.reprieve英 [r pri v] 美 [r pri v] n. 延缓，缓解
4.dry adj. （本文）无酒的，禁酒的
5.abandon英 [ b nd n] 美 [ b nd n] v. 放弃，丢弃
6.tacit英 [ t s t] 美 [ t s t] adj. 心照不宣的，默认的
7.attainable英 [ te n bl] 美 [ te n bl] adj. 可达到的，可获得的（achievable）
8.attain v. （通过努力）获得、得到
9.in英 [ n] 美 [ n]prep. 以、按照（方式）
10.manage v. 胜利完成（尤指困难之事）；管理、操纵
11.embarrassingly英 [ m b r s li] 美 [ m b r s li] adv. 令人尴尬地
12.lofty英 [ l fti] 美 [ lɑ fti] adj. 崇高的，高尚的
13.rigid英 [ r d d] 美 [ r d d] adj. 死板的，僵硬的
14.grace英 [ɡre s] 美 [ɡre s] n. （尤指上帝赐予人类的）恩典，恩惠
15.savor / savour英 [ se v ] 美 [ se v r] v. 尽情享受
16.log英 [l ɡ] 美 [lɑ ɡ] v. 行驶，行进了（若干距离或时间）；正式记录在案
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.New Year resolutions / New Year's resolutions 新年决定，新年目标
2.New Year's plans 新年计划
3.New Year's wishes 新年愿望
4.a dreary film 一部乏味的影片
5.stream of something一连串的，源源不断的......
6.a stream of traffic 车流不息
7.a constant / steady stream of ......络绎不绝
8.I had a constant stream of visitors while I was ill.
9.Dry January一月戒酒
10.a dry wedding 一场无酒的婚礼
11.tacit approval 默许
12.attainable goals 可达到的目标
13.manageable英 [ m n d bl] 美 [ m n d bl] adj. 可操纵的，可处理的，能够应对的
14.manage a factory 管理一个工厂
15.manage your time 管理你的时间
16.embarrassing adj. 使人害羞的，使人难堪的，使人惭愧的
17.loft n. 阁楼，顶楼
18.lofty ambitions 崇高的抱负
19.burn out疲惫不堪，精疲力竭；（火苗）熄灭
20.rigid methods of education 僵化的教育方式
21.by the grace of God 承蒙上帝的恩惠
22.beat yourself up / beat up on yourself（为某事而）过分自责，自暴自弃
23.fit in安排时间处理某事；适应，融入
【全文翻译】
为什么二月份才是制定新年目标的最佳月份？
二月份可能是全年最沉闷的一个月，但好在有两点是值得庆幸的：一来时间短，二来不是一月份。
二月份把人们从年初的压力中解脱出来。健身房广告的猛烈攻势有所减弱。“一月禁酒期”结束了，酒吧的顾客又都回来了。对于那些打算放弃自己的新年计划的人而言，二月份的到来就像心照不宣一样默许了这个“放弃”。
但是，纽约大学朗格尼医学中心的临床心理学家兼副教授西娅·加拉格尔 (Thea Gallagher) 表示：“在生活中要培养一些你真的能做到，且能坚持下去的习惯，或者在你的生活中加入一些可控的因素。”
首先，很重要的一点是反思自己设定的目标是否合理。加拉格尔博士说，可以尝试设定一个“几乎令人感到尴尬的可控目标”。她说，她曾挑战自己每天读书10分钟，听起来时间并不多，但一周加起来就不一样了。与其追求高远的目标，不如从低处做起，慢慢来。
你不能也不应该期望自己能够100%完成目标。加拉格尔博士举例说，比如你希望饮食更健康一些，不妨遵循80/20原则：让自己在20%的时间里想吃什么就吃什么，这样你就不会因为限制过于严苛而感到疲惫不堪。
肯特州立大学心理学教授安吉拉·吉尔-巴内特（Angela Neal-Barnett）还建议说，要给自己一些宽容和同情。不要（因为未达成目标而）过度自责，而要享受微小的胜利。比如，你希望每天步行两英里，但今天只走了半英里，那也请感谢你所做的这部分运动。
吉尔-巴内特博士说：“明天又是新的一天。就从明天开始继续做也行。”
拓展练习阅读理解参考答案
59.A 60.A 61.B 62.A
班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________
外刊精选｜新年新气象，二月定目标更容易实现
2024年的春节假期已经结束，你还记得元旦时立下的“新年flag”吗？在过去的一个多月里，你有严格地按照制定的计划，坚持每天多读书、多运动、少看手机吗？如果没有，那该怎么办？今天这篇来自《纽约时报》的文章就指出，二月份才是制定新年目标的最佳时间。为什么这么说？关于执行新年计划，又有哪些更可行的建议？
Why February Is the Best Month for Resolutions
By Dani Blum
It might be the dreariest month of the year, but there are at least two things going for February: It's short, and it's not January.
February brings a reprieve from the pressures that come with the start of the year. The steady stream of gym advertisements eases up. Dry January ends, and bars get more of their customers back. For those of us already thinking about abandoning our New Year's resolutions, the arrival of February may seem like tacit permission to give up.
"Life is about consistent, attainable healthy habits, or adding things into your life in manageable pieces," said Thea Gallagher, a clinical psychologist and associate professor at NYU Langone Health.
It's important to first think about whether you made the right resolution. Consider a goal that's "almost embarrassingly manageable," Dr. Gallagher said. She has challenged herself to read 10 minutes a day which might not sound like much, but adds up over the week, she said. Instead of aiming for lofty goals, start low and go slow.
You can't, and shouldn't, expect to hit a goal 100 percent of the time. If you're trying to eat better, for example, maybe follow an 80/20 rule, Dr. Gallagher said: Let yourself eat whatever you want 20 percent of the time, so you don't burn out on rigid restrictions.
Show yourself grace and compassion, suggested Angela Neal-Barnett, a professor of psychological sciences at Kent State University. Instead of beating yourself up, savor the small wins. If you're trying to walk two miles every day and logged only a half-mile today, appreciate the movement you did fit in.
"Tomorrow is another day," Dr. Neal-Barnett said. "And you just start there."
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.resolution英 [ rez lu n] 美 [ rez lu n] n. _______________________________
2.dreary英 [ dr ri] 美 [ dr ri] adj. _______________________________
3.reprieve英 [r pri v] 美 [r pri v] n. _______________________________
4.dry adj. _______________________________
5.abandon英 [ b nd n] 美 [ b nd n] v. _______________________________
6.tacit英 [ t s t] 美 [ t s t] adj._______________________________
7.attainable英 [ te n bl] 美 [ te n bl] adj._______________________________
8.attain v_______________________________
9.in英 [ n] 美 [ n]prep._______________________________
10.manage v._______________________________
11.embarrassingly英 [ m b r s li] 美 [ m b r s li] adv. ___________________
12.lofty英 [ l fti] 美 [ lɑ fti] adj. _______________________________
13.rigid英 [ r d d] 美 [ r d d] adj. _______________________________
14.grace英 [ɡre s] 美 [ɡre s] n. _______________________________
15.savor / savour英 [ se v ] 美 [ se v r] v._______________________________
16.log英 [l ɡ] 美 [lɑ ɡ] v. _______________________________
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1._______________________________ 新年决定，新年目标
2._______________________________新年计划
3._______________________________新年愿望
4._______________________________一部乏味的影片
5._______________________________一连串的，源源不断的......
6._______________________________ 车流不息
7._______________________________络绎不绝
9._______________________________一月戒酒
10._______________________________ 一场无酒的婚礼
11._______________________________默许
12._______________________________可达到的目标
13._______________________________可操纵的，可处理的，能够应对的
14._______________________________管理一个工厂
15._______________________________ 管理你的时间
16._______________________________使人害羞的，使人难堪的，使人惭愧的
17._______________________________ 阁楼，顶楼
18._______________________________崇高的抱负
19._______________________________疲惫不堪，精疲力竭；（火苗）熄灭
20_______________________________僵化的教育方式
21._______________________________承蒙上帝的恩惠
22._______________________________（为某事而）过分自责，自暴自弃
23._______________________________安排时间处理某事；适应，融入
拓展练习阅读理解
Two-thirds of the world population lives under conditions where the freshwater demand is more than twice the natural water availability for at least one month per year. According to official statistics, one billion of those live in India and 0.9 billion live in China. Other areas facing this problem for longer periods include Bangladesh (130 million people), the western and southern states of the USA (130 million), Pakistan (120 million), Nigeria (110 million), and Mexico (90 million).
Communities use a range of techniques to overcome this issue. In dry summers, those near the coast can desalinate (淡化) seawater, although the process requires a large amount of energy and expenditure. Some remote inland communities have alternative methods that suit their particular conditions. For example, many high-altitude Chilean communities in the Andes use fog collectors, specialized nets that can gather just a few liters a day.
Elsewhere, there’s another option available. Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new device that passively harvests water from the air around the clock. The device is made up of a specially coated glass pane (玻璃板) that reflects solar radiation and also radiates away its own heat. In doing so, it cools down by as much as 15 degrees Celsius below the surrounding temperatures. This difference in temperature between the air and the pane causes water vapor to condense (凝结) on its underside, which can then be easily collected.
Tests so far have been conducted on a university building in Zurich and suggest that the device can produce twice as much water per day as other passive water-collection technologies. Under ideal conditions, researchers harvested 0.53 decilitres of water per square metre of the surface per hour. “That’s close to the theoretical maximum value of 0.6 decilitres per hour, which is physically impossible to exceed,” says Iwan Hachler, a doctoral student who is working on the technology.
The zero-energy input of the set-up could make it suitable for use in developing countries, particularly in remote communities where water shortage is often combined with power shortages. The scientists are hopeful that the device could be used with other water-collection methods, such as desalination, to increase productivity.
59.What does the author want to tell us by mentioning official statistics in Paragraph 1
A.Fresh water insecurity is a global crisis.
B.Water resources are unevenly distributed globally.
C.Lack of water seriously restricts many countries’ growth.
D.Developed countries are better at handling water shortages.
60.How do many Chileans living in the Andes deal with the inadequate water supply
A.By harvesting water from fog.
B.By bringing in seawater and purifying it.
C.By moving to water-rich areas in summer.
D.By cutting down on their water consumption.
61.Why is a coated glass pane used in the new device
A.To hold the condensed water. B.To work as a cooling surface.
C.To get rid of harmful solar radiation. D.To record the changes in temperature.
62.What can be inferred about the new device
A.It produces satisfying outcomes. B.It is limited to laboratory environments.
C.It has met with theoretical bottlenecks. D.It needs further confirmation from experts.
外刊精选答案
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.resolution英 [ rez lu n] 美 [ rez lu n] n. 决心，决定
2.dreary英 [ dr ri] 美 [ dr ri] adj. 沉闷的，枯燥的（boring）
3.reprieve英 [r pri v] 美 [r pri v] n. 延缓，缓解
4.dry adj. （本文）无酒的，禁酒的
5.abandon英 [ b nd n] 美 [ b nd n] v. 放弃，丢弃
6.tacit英 [ t s t] 美 [ t s t] adj. 心照不宣的，默认的
7.attainable英 [ te n bl] 美 [ te n bl] adj. 可达到的，可获得的（achievable）
8.attain v. （通过努力）获得、得到
9.in英 [ n] 美 [ n]prep. 以、按照（方式）
10.manage v. 胜利完成（尤指困难之事）；管理、操纵
11.embarrassingly英 [ m b r s li] 美 [ m b r s li] adv. 令人尴尬地
12.lofty英 [ l fti] 美 [ lɑ fti] adj. 崇高的，高尚的
13.rigid英 [ r d d] 美 [ r d d] adj. 死板的，僵硬的
14.grace英 [ɡre s] 美 [ɡre s] n. （尤指上帝赐予人类的）恩典，恩惠
15.savor / savour英 [ se v ] 美 [ se v r] v. 尽情享受
16.log英 [l ɡ] 美 [lɑ ɡ] v. 行驶，行进了（若干距离或时间）；正式记录在案
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.New Year resolutions / New Year's resolutions 新年决定，新年目标
2.New Year's plans 新年计划
3.New Year's wishes 新年愿望
4.a dreary film 一部乏味的影片
5.stream of something一连串的，源源不断的......
6.a stream of traffic 车流不息
7.a constant / steady stream of ......络绎不绝
8.I had a constant stream of visitors while I was ill.
9.Dry January一月戒酒
10.a dry wedding 一场无酒的婚礼
11.tacit approval 默许
12.attainable goals 可达到的目标
13.manageable英 [ m n d bl] 美 [ m n d bl] adj. 可操纵的，可处理的，能够应对的
14.manage a factory 管理一个工厂
15.manage your time 管理你的时间
16.embarrassing adj. 使人害羞的，使人难堪的，使人惭愧的
17.loft n. 阁楼，顶楼
18.lofty ambitions 崇高的抱负
19.burn out疲惫不堪，精疲力竭；（火苗）熄灭
20.rigid methods of education 僵化的教育方式
21.by the grace of God 承蒙上帝的恩惠
22.beat yourself up / beat up on yourself（为某事而）过分自责，自暴自弃
23.fit in安排时间处理某事；适应，融入
【全文翻译】
为什么二月份才是制定新年目标的最佳月份？
二月份可能是全年最沉闷的一个月，但好在有两点是值得庆幸的：一来时间短，二来不是一月份。
二月份把人们从年初的压力中解脱出来。健身房广告的猛烈攻势有所减弱。“一月禁酒期”结束了，酒吧的顾客又都回来了。对于那些打算放弃自己的新年计划的人而言，二月份的到来就像心照不宣一样默许了这个“放弃”。
但是，纽约大学朗格尼医学中心的临床心理学家兼副教授西娅·加拉格尔 (Thea Gallagher) 表示：“在生活中要培养一些你真的能做到，且能坚持下去的习惯，或者在你的生活中加入一些可控的因素。”
首先，很重要的一点是反思自己设定的目标是否合理。加拉格尔博士说，可以尝试设定一个“几乎令人感到尴尬的可控目标”。她说，她曾挑战自己每天读书10分钟，听起来时间并不多，但一周加起来就不一样了。与其追求高远的目标，不如从低处做起，慢慢来。
你不能也不应该期望自己能够100%完成目标。加拉格尔博士举例说，比如你希望饮食更健康一些，不妨遵循80/20原则：让自己在20%的时间里想吃什么就吃什么，这样你就不会因为限制过于严苛而感到疲惫不堪。
肯特州立大学心理学教授安吉拉·吉尔-巴内特（Angela Neal-Barnett）还建议说，要给自己一些宽容和同情。不要（因为未达成目标而）过度自责，而要享受微小的胜利。比如，你希望每天步行两英里，但今天只走了半英里，那也请感谢你所做的这部分运动。
吉尔-巴内特博士说：“明天又是新的一天。就从明天开始继续做也行。”
拓展练习阅读理解参考答案
59.A 60.A 61.B 62.A