【新课标】Unit 8 Section A Grammar课件（人教新目标 八下 Unit 8 Have you read treasure Island yet)

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人教新目标（Go for it）版 八年级下册
Grammar
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Unit 8 Have you read treasure Island yet
通过本节课学习，我能够：
1. 初步掌握现在完成时态的各种句型结构及用法。
2. 通过小组合作探究的方式，培养自主学习能力和团队
合作意识。
一、定义：
现在完成时
表示过去发生或已经完成的动作或持续的状态，对现在造成的影响，并可能延续下去。
学习理解类活动
观察下列句子，总结肯定句的结构。
I have finished reading this book.
I have lived here for five years.
He has finished his homework.
She has turned off the light.
主语 + have/has +动词过去分词+其他.
① 肯定句：
二、现在完成时的构成：
学习理解类活动
观察下列句子，总结否定句的结构。
We haven’t seen each other for five years.
I haven’t visited the factory.
He hasn’t finished his homework.
She hasn’t turned off the light.
主语 + have/has not +动词过去分词+其他.
② 否定句：
学习理解类活动
根据前面所学内容，猜测一般疑问句的结构。
Have/Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词+其他
③ 一般疑问句：
学习理解类活动
将下列句子变为一般疑问句。
1. I have finished reading this book.
2. She has turned off the light.
Have you finished reading this book
Has she turned off the light
肯/否定回答：
Yes, I have.
No, I haven’t.
Yes, she has.
No, she hasn’t.
探究特殊疑问句的结构:
④ 特殊疑问句：
学习理解类活动
对划线部分提问。
1. I have lived here for five years.
2. She has turned off the light.
How long have you lived here
What has she done
Wh- +have/has + 主语 + 动词过去分词+其他
过去式和过去分词的变化相同。
1. 一般在动词词尾直接加ed。
三、过去分词变化规则：
学习理解类活动
规则变化：
pick → picked → picked wish → wished → wished
2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。
like → liked → liked hope → hoped → hoped
学习理解类活动
3. 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。
study → studied → studied hurry → hurried → hurried
4. 词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed。
stop → stopped → stopped clap → clapped → clapped
学习理解类活动
1. 以不变应万变。
不规则变化：
let → let → let put → put → put read → read → read
2. 若中间有双写e，则去掉一个e，单词末尾再加t。
feel → felt → felt keep → kept → kept
sleep → slept → slept
学习理解类活动
3. 结尾的字母d变t。
lend → lent → lent build → built → built
send → sent → sent
4. 变为以-ought或-aught结尾。
buy → bought → bought bring → brought → brought
catch → caught → caught teach → taught → taught
5. 其他（详见不规则动词表）。
1. 表示过去已经发生或现在已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响。
Have you had your lunch yet 你吃过午饭了吗？
Yes , I have. I’ve just had it. 是的，我刚吃过。（说明现在饱了）
四、现在完成时的用法：
学习理解类活动
I have lost my pen. 我把钢笔弄丢了。
（过去某时丢的，现在还没有找到）
Have you found your lost pen yet 你找到丢失的钢笔了吗？
No. I haven’t found it yet. 没。我还没有找到它。
2. already与yet在现在完成时中的用法：
学习理解类活动
I have already finished the work. 我已经完成这项工作了。
Have you found your lost pen yet 你找到丢失的钢笔了吗？
(1) already，yet常和现在完成时连用，already用于肯定句句中，
放在助动词之后、过去分词之前，也可放在句末；yet多用
于疑问句和否定句中，常放在句末。
I haven’t done my homework. 我还没有做我的家庭作业。
(2) already与yet转换：
学习理解类活动
I have already finished the work. 我已经完成这项工作了。
→Have you finished the work yet 你已经完成这项工作了吗？
在现在完成时态的句子中，含有already的肯定句变为否定
句或疑问句时，要把already改为yet，并放于句末。
→I haven’t finished the work yet. 我还没有完成这项工作。
1. 现在完成时：强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的结
果、影响等。
五、现在完成时与一般过去时：
学习理解类活动
I went home at 10:00 yesterday. I have got home now.
我昨天十点回家的。现在我已经到家了。
I have already finished my homework. I finished it an hour ago.
我已经写完作业了。我是一个小时之前写完的。
2. 一般过去时：只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系。
Grammar
现在完成时
一、定义
二、现在完成时的构成
三、现在完成时的用法
四、现在完成时与一般过去时
应用实践类活动
1. I ______already _____ (see) the film. I _____ (see) it last week.
2. I _______ (join) the book club last week.
3. He _____________ (not come) yet. What do you think has
happened to him
4. Sorry, I have lost the dictionary you _____ (lend) me last week.
5. I won't see my friend Mike, because he has already ________
(move) to New York.
have
I. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
seen
saw
joined
haven’t come
lent
moved
应用实践类活动
6. --_____ Wei Hua ______ (come) yet
--Yes, she _________ already. She ______ just now. (come)
7. --______ you _______ (buy) a dictionary --Yes, I _______.
--Where ____ you ____ (buy) it
--I ________ (buy) it in a bookstore.
8. Your father _____ just ________ (finish) his work. You can
ask him to have dinner.
9. Someone ___________ (take) the bags away. Now there’s
nothing on the desk.
Has
come
has come
came
Have
bought
have
did
buy
bought
has
finished
has taken
应用实践类活动
1. I have already watched the TV play. (改为否定句)
I ________ ________ the TV play ______.
2. Tom has already finished doing his homework. (一般疑问句)
_____ Tom ________ doing his homework _____
3. Sally saw the film last week. (改为现在完成时)
Sally _____ ______ the film before.
4. They have made some delicious food for Tony. (划线提问)
______ ______ they ______ for Tony
II. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
haven’t watched yet
Has finished
yet
has seen
What have done
完成配套练习册
Preview Section A (1a—2c)
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