2024届高考英语复习 语法-主语从句 课件（共40张PPT）
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语复习 语法-主语从句 课件（共40张PPT） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.8MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-20 07:00:01 | ||
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文档简介
(共40张PPT)
解密主语从句
Elaboration of Subject Clauses
主讲人：（Monica）
Summer
解密
Content
一般主语从句
概念与特征
01
02
03
二般主语从句
主语从句后置；
易混点辨析
It主语与It强调
一般主语从句
概念与特征
01
【问】什么是句子成分？英语句子包含哪些成分？
【答】组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。它包括：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。
【问】各成分在句中的作用如何？分别由哪些词及短语充当？
句子的成分
名词
代词
形容词
数词
动词
副词
介词
连词
感叹词
冠词
表示数目或顺序
连接词与词或句与句的作用
用来限制名词的意义
表示动作或状态
名词、代词其他词之间的关系
表示人或事物的特征或性状
表示强烈的感情
代替名词、数词等
表示动作的特征或性状特征
表示人或事物的名称
名词性从句作为一个整体，充当句子主语时，就是主语从句。主语从句通常出现在句首，谓语动词之前。
Whoever comes is welcome.
不论谁来都欢迎。
（引导词whoever在从句中作主语）
What was once exciting and new
becomes old-hat.
曾经令人兴奋的新玩意转眼成了旧物。
（引导词what在从句中作主语）
What she said sounded convincing,
but I suspect it to be a lie.
她的话听起来像那么回事，但我认为
那是谎话。
（引导词what在从句中作said的宾语）
主语从句
01
02
03
What makes this slump different from the last, he says,
is that there are still buyers in the market.
解密句
插入语
主语从句
谓语
表语从句
解密句
What makes this slump different from the last, he says,
is that there are still buyers in the market.
他指出，与上一次的低迷不同的是，现在市场上仍有买家。
解密句
Whether most of these languages survive
will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish
to keep their identity alive through a native language.
主语从句
谓语
宾语从句
解密句
Whether most of these languages survive
will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish
to keep their identity alive through a native language.
大多数这些需要能否存续下去要取决于该文化群体渴望通过
自己的母语来保持他们特征的强烈程度。
定义：
用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。
引导主语从句的连接词有：
从属连词: that, whether；
连接代词: who (whoever), whom, whose, what (whatever)和which (whichever)；
连接副词: when, where, how和why。
1).从属连词：
1）从属连词：that， whether 引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略. whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。
That price will go up is certain.
That he will come is certain.
Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference.
Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.
1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词。
误：They should like each other is natural.
2)如果主语从句放在句首，表示“是否”讲时，不能用if引导，只能用whether;，但是如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导.
误：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.
注 意
正： That they should like each other is natural.
It is natural that they should like each other.
正：Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful.
It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.
2).连接代词: who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever,whatever, whichever
例: (1).It is clear who is afraid of having a
change in land ownership.
(2).Whose bag it is can not be told.
(3).What India needs is a law to make land ownership fairer.
(4).It is not yet decided which cash crop
will be produced next year.
(5).Whatever he said was right.
(6).Whoever goes there must get ready by 6
o’clock.
What you left are only several old books.
What you said is of great importance.
3）主语从句中用陈述语序,后面的谓语动词用第三人称单数
4）“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：
常与其后的名词作表语一致 ，且根据句子的语境而定。
eg：
3).连接副词: when, where, why, how, how many, how much ,how long, how soon, how often
例:(1).When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon.
(2).Where we can buy oxen is something we
need to find out.
(3).Why he came here is not known.
(4).How we can protect the grain from damp
needs to be discussed.
(5).How many people died from starvation that year will never be known.
(6).How often he’ll go to see his grandmother
depends on the time he can spare.
22
二般主语从句
主语从句后置；
02
也就是主语从句后置；
名词性从句作主语时，在结构上给人一种头重脚轻的感觉，为了平衡句子结构，常用代词it充当形式主语，将由主语从句充当的真正主语置于谓语之后。常见以it作为形式主语的结构有：
二般主从
It作为形式主语的结构 例句
It＋be＋形容词＋that从句 形容词necessary, important, obvious...
It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句 过去分词believed, known to all, decided...
It＋be＋名词＋that从句 名词no wonder, a pity, luck...
It＋不及物动词＋that从句 不及物动词appear, happen, turn out...
也就是主语从句后置；
名词性从句作主语时，在结构上给人一种头重脚轻的感觉，为了平衡句子结构，常用代词it充当形式主语，将由主语从句充当的真正主语置于谓语之后。常见以it作为形式主语的结构有：
二般主从
It is essential that these application forms (should) be sent as early as possible.重要的是把这些申请表尽早寄出去。
It has not been decided where the meeeting is to be held. 在哪里开会还没决定。
It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive 10 days after. 十天后矿工还活着完全是靠运气。
解密句
It remains to be seen
how weather conditions affect the air flows
that make formation flight more efficient.
形式主语
主语从句
定语从句
解密句
It remains to be seen
how weather conditions affect the air flows
that make formation flight more efficient.
现在仍需考虑天气情况对气流的影响，
因为气流关系到编队飞行的效率。
22
易混点辨析
It主语与It强调
03
it作为形式主语的结构与it引导强调句的区分
it作为形式主语时，主要是为了平衡句子结构，可按正常语序把后置的真正主语置于句首。
例如：Where the meeting is to be held has not been decided.
易混点
it引导的强调句最常见的结构是“it is/was＋强调部分＋that＋句子其他成分”，强调部分为人时，that还可以用who替代。注意，it is/was...that...是一个固定框架，只起强调作用，把这个框架去掉，剩下的句子表达仍然是完整的，it在句中不充当任何成分。例如：
易混点
It is not only in public ways, but in private life equally, that wisdom is needed.不仅在公共场合中，在私人生活中同样需要智慧。（not only...but...为强调部分，正常语序为Wisdom is needed not only in...but in...）
Lenin stressed that it is the people who create history.列宁强调说正是人民创造了历史。（the people为强调部分，正常语序为Lenin stressed that the people create history.）
易混点
解密句
It was only afer "toddler" became a common shoppers' term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage.
解密句
It was only afer "toddler" became a common shoppers' term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage.
解密句
It was only afer "toddler" became a common shoppers' term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage.
“蹒跚学步者”是在成为常见销售术语之后，才逐渐演变成广为人知的孩子成长的一个阶段。
22
总结一下
解密主语从句
04
总结
规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。
规律二、连词that 在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略。
规律三、whether 可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if不能
规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。
规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。
规律六、what 引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定主句动词的单复数形式。
规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象，用 it 做形式主语，而把从句放在后面。
①主语从句就是在句子中充当主语成分的从句，一般位于主句的谓语之前；
②在二般情况下，为就是为了避免因为从句过长而导致的“头重脚轻”，所以会用it作形式主语，将真正的主语从句后置。
③it作形式主语的结构与it引导强调句的区别在于，前者是为了平衡句子结构，可按正常语序将真正的主语置于句首；而it引导的强调句，目的是为了强调相应的内容，且相关结构删除后，句子的表达仍然完整。
总结
22
巩固练习
解密主语从句
04
Make sentences :
It’s certain . we’ll be late.
Is he coming or not ？ We don’t know
What does he want to tell us We don’t know
When will you come back It doesn’t matter.
It’s certain that we will be late.
That we’ll be late is certain.
We don’t know whether he is coming or not .
Whether he is coming is not known.
We don’t know what he wants to tell us.
What he wants to tell us is not known.
When you will come back doesn’t matter.
It doesn’t matter when you will come back.
作业：汉译英。
用两个方式来翻译
中国作家莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖是个好消息。
一个学生去学好英语是很重要的。
据报道中国作家莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖。
地球围着太阳转是个常识。
answers
It is a good news that Chinese writer Moyan gets the Nobel Prize in literature.
That Chinese writer Moyan gets the Nobel Prize in literature is a good news.
It is important that a student learns English well.
That a student learns English well is important.
It is reported that Chinese writer Moyan got the Nobel Prize in literature.
Chinese writer Moyan got the Nobel Prize in literature was reported.
The earth moves around the sun is a common knowledge.
It is a common knowledge that the earth moves around the sun.
Complete the sentences using what, whether, where,
when， who, why, how or that.
1.(_____ is needed for success) is your hard work.
3.(_____ we will go tomorrow )hasn’t been decided yet.
2.(______ they will arrive )has been told to the teacher.
4.(______ can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher.
5.(________ it will rain or not) is not clear.
What
When/How
Where/whether
Who
Whether
主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
Conclusion:
___ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.
A. That B. Why C. What D. How
2. ___we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather .
A If B Whether C That D Where
3.___ is known to us all that America is a developed country .
A Which B As C What D It
4. It’s known to us all ___ a form of energy .
A. water is B. that water is C. is water D. that water to
5. It worried her a bit ___ her hair was turning gray.
A. whether B. that C. what D. when
6.What I say and think ___ none of your business.
A. is B. are C. has D have
英译汉
What we need is money.
What he says is not important.
Whether they would support us was a problem.
Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize.
Where I spend my summer is no business of yours.
When we arrive doesn’t matter.
谢谢聆听 下次再见！
Bye！
主讲人：（Monica）
解密主语从句
Elaboration of Subject Clauses
主讲人：（Monica）
Summer
解密
Content
一般主语从句
概念与特征
01
02
03
二般主语从句
主语从句后置；
易混点辨析
It主语与It强调
一般主语从句
概念与特征
01
【问】什么是句子成分？英语句子包含哪些成分？
【答】组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。它包括：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。
【问】各成分在句中的作用如何？分别由哪些词及短语充当？
句子的成分
名词
代词
形容词
数词
动词
副词
介词
连词
感叹词
冠词
表示数目或顺序
连接词与词或句与句的作用
用来限制名词的意义
表示动作或状态
名词、代词其他词之间的关系
表示人或事物的特征或性状
表示强烈的感情
代替名词、数词等
表示动作的特征或性状特征
表示人或事物的名称
名词性从句作为一个整体，充当句子主语时，就是主语从句。主语从句通常出现在句首，谓语动词之前。
Whoever comes is welcome.
不论谁来都欢迎。
（引导词whoever在从句中作主语）
What was once exciting and new
becomes old-hat.
曾经令人兴奋的新玩意转眼成了旧物。
（引导词what在从句中作主语）
What she said sounded convincing,
but I suspect it to be a lie.
她的话听起来像那么回事，但我认为
那是谎话。
（引导词what在从句中作said的宾语）
主语从句
01
02
03
What makes this slump different from the last, he says,
is that there are still buyers in the market.
解密句
插入语
主语从句
谓语
表语从句
解密句
What makes this slump different from the last, he says,
is that there are still buyers in the market.
他指出，与上一次的低迷不同的是，现在市场上仍有买家。
解密句
Whether most of these languages survive
will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish
to keep their identity alive through a native language.
主语从句
谓语
宾语从句
解密句
Whether most of these languages survive
will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish
to keep their identity alive through a native language.
大多数这些需要能否存续下去要取决于该文化群体渴望通过
自己的母语来保持他们特征的强烈程度。
定义：
用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。
引导主语从句的连接词有：
从属连词: that, whether；
连接代词: who (whoever), whom, whose, what (whatever)和which (whichever)；
连接副词: when, where, how和why。
1).从属连词：
1）从属连词：that， whether 引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略. whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。
That price will go up is certain.
That he will come is certain.
Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference.
Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.
1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词。
误：They should like each other is natural.
2)如果主语从句放在句首，表示“是否”讲时，不能用if引导，只能用whether;，但是如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导.
误：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.
注 意
正： That they should like each other is natural.
It is natural that they should like each other.
正：Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful.
It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.
2).连接代词: who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever,whatever, whichever
例: (1).It is clear who is afraid of having a
change in land ownership.
(2).Whose bag it is can not be told.
(3).What India needs is a law to make land ownership fairer.
(4).It is not yet decided which cash crop
will be produced next year.
(5).Whatever he said was right.
(6).Whoever goes there must get ready by 6
o’clock.
What you left are only several old books.
What you said is of great importance.
3）主语从句中用陈述语序,后面的谓语动词用第三人称单数
4）“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：
常与其后的名词作表语一致 ，且根据句子的语境而定。
eg：
3).连接副词: when, where, why, how, how many, how much ,how long, how soon, how often
例:(1).When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon.
(2).Where we can buy oxen is something we
need to find out.
(3).Why he came here is not known.
(4).How we can protect the grain from damp
needs to be discussed.
(5).How many people died from starvation that year will never be known.
(6).How often he’ll go to see his grandmother
depends on the time he can spare.
22
二般主语从句
主语从句后置；
02
也就是主语从句后置；
名词性从句作主语时，在结构上给人一种头重脚轻的感觉，为了平衡句子结构，常用代词it充当形式主语，将由主语从句充当的真正主语置于谓语之后。常见以it作为形式主语的结构有：
二般主从
It作为形式主语的结构 例句
It＋be＋形容词＋that从句 形容词necessary, important, obvious...
It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句 过去分词believed, known to all, decided...
It＋be＋名词＋that从句 名词no wonder, a pity, luck...
It＋不及物动词＋that从句 不及物动词appear, happen, turn out...
也就是主语从句后置；
名词性从句作主语时，在结构上给人一种头重脚轻的感觉，为了平衡句子结构，常用代词it充当形式主语，将由主语从句充当的真正主语置于谓语之后。常见以it作为形式主语的结构有：
二般主从
It is essential that these application forms (should) be sent as early as possible.重要的是把这些申请表尽早寄出去。
It has not been decided where the meeeting is to be held. 在哪里开会还没决定。
It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive 10 days after. 十天后矿工还活着完全是靠运气。
解密句
It remains to be seen
how weather conditions affect the air flows
that make formation flight more efficient.
形式主语
主语从句
定语从句
解密句
It remains to be seen
how weather conditions affect the air flows
that make formation flight more efficient.
现在仍需考虑天气情况对气流的影响，
因为气流关系到编队飞行的效率。
22
易混点辨析
It主语与It强调
03
it作为形式主语的结构与it引导强调句的区分
it作为形式主语时，主要是为了平衡句子结构，可按正常语序把后置的真正主语置于句首。
例如：Where the meeting is to be held has not been decided.
易混点
it引导的强调句最常见的结构是“it is/was＋强调部分＋that＋句子其他成分”，强调部分为人时，that还可以用who替代。注意，it is/was...that...是一个固定框架，只起强调作用，把这个框架去掉，剩下的句子表达仍然是完整的，it在句中不充当任何成分。例如：
易混点
It is not only in public ways, but in private life equally, that wisdom is needed.不仅在公共场合中，在私人生活中同样需要智慧。（not only...but...为强调部分，正常语序为Wisdom is needed not only in...but in...）
Lenin stressed that it is the people who create history.列宁强调说正是人民创造了历史。（the people为强调部分，正常语序为Lenin stressed that the people create history.）
易混点
解密句
It was only afer "toddler" became a common shoppers' term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage.
解密句
It was only afer "toddler" became a common shoppers' term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage.
解密句
It was only afer "toddler" became a common shoppers' term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage.
“蹒跚学步者”是在成为常见销售术语之后，才逐渐演变成广为人知的孩子成长的一个阶段。
22
总结一下
解密主语从句
04
总结
规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。
规律二、连词that 在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略。
规律三、whether 可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if不能
规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。
规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。
规律六、what 引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定主句动词的单复数形式。
规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象，用 it 做形式主语，而把从句放在后面。
①主语从句就是在句子中充当主语成分的从句，一般位于主句的谓语之前；
②在二般情况下，为就是为了避免因为从句过长而导致的“头重脚轻”，所以会用it作形式主语，将真正的主语从句后置。
③it作形式主语的结构与it引导强调句的区别在于，前者是为了平衡句子结构，可按正常语序将真正的主语置于句首；而it引导的强调句，目的是为了强调相应的内容，且相关结构删除后，句子的表达仍然完整。
总结
22
巩固练习
解密主语从句
04
Make sentences :
It’s certain . we’ll be late.
Is he coming or not ？ We don’t know
What does he want to tell us We don’t know
When will you come back It doesn’t matter.
It’s certain that we will be late.
That we’ll be late is certain.
We don’t know whether he is coming or not .
Whether he is coming is not known.
We don’t know what he wants to tell us.
What he wants to tell us is not known.
When you will come back doesn’t matter.
It doesn’t matter when you will come back.
作业：汉译英。
用两个方式来翻译
中国作家莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖是个好消息。
一个学生去学好英语是很重要的。
据报道中国作家莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖。
地球围着太阳转是个常识。
answers
It is a good news that Chinese writer Moyan gets the Nobel Prize in literature.
That Chinese writer Moyan gets the Nobel Prize in literature is a good news.
It is important that a student learns English well.
That a student learns English well is important.
It is reported that Chinese writer Moyan got the Nobel Prize in literature.
Chinese writer Moyan got the Nobel Prize in literature was reported.
The earth moves around the sun is a common knowledge.
It is a common knowledge that the earth moves around the sun.
Complete the sentences using what, whether, where,
when， who, why, how or that.
1.(_____ is needed for success) is your hard work.
3.(_____ we will go tomorrow )hasn’t been decided yet.
2.(______ they will arrive )has been told to the teacher.
4.(______ can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher.
5.(________ it will rain or not) is not clear.
What
When/How
Where/whether
Who
Whether
主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
Conclusion:
___ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.
A. That B. Why C. What D. How
2. ___we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather .
A If B Whether C That D Where
3.___ is known to us all that America is a developed country .
A Which B As C What D It
4. It’s known to us all ___ a form of energy .
A. water is B. that water is C. is water D. that water to
5. It worried her a bit ___ her hair was turning gray.
A. whether B. that C. what D. when
6.What I say and think ___ none of your business.
A. is B. are C. has D have
英译汉
What we need is money.
What he says is not important.
Whether they would support us was a problem.
Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize.
Where I spend my summer is no business of yours.
When we arrive doesn’t matter.
谢谢聆听 下次再见！
Bye！
主讲人：（Monica）