2024年中考英语复习 阅读理解 19篇 北京 一模 模拟汇编（23--24）（含答案）

2024年中考英语复习 阅读理解 19篇 北京 一模 模拟汇编（23--24）
（2024·北京东城·一模）Daisy forgot to set the alarm clock (闹钟) so she had to run to catch the bus. This made her feel tired and rushed when she started her science test. After she handed in her test paper, she was certain that the test had not gone well. With a heavy heart, she left the classroom.
That afternoon, Daisy left school to work part-time at Beckman’s. After she finished her work, Mrs. Beckman called her into the office. “Daisy,” she said, “you have been a great worker. But business has been slow; we have to let you go.”
Feeling down, Daisy left the office. As she walked slowly towards her aunt’s house, she tried to think about the new hairstyle her aunt had promised her. When she arrived, Daisy showed her aunt a picture of the style she wanted.
“Well, you’re done. What do you think ” Her aunt asked about an hour later.
What Daisy saw in the mirror left her speechless. It was nothing like the picture! How could she possibly go to school again
The next morning, putting her things in her locker, she ran into Ms. Wilson, her science teacher.
“I know, Ms. Wilson, I did very poorly on the test. It’s just that I forgot…”
“What are you talking about Daisy, you did a great job!” Ms. Wilson said. “What I wanted to ask you is if you would be interested in working a few days a week after school as a lab assistant (助手). I need some help organizing all the materials.” Daisy happily accepted.
“Daisy!” she heard as the rest of the students began to enter the building. “Where did you get your hair done ” She was so excited about her test and new job that she had completely forgotten about her hair.
“Wow! That is so cool!” she was told. She couldn’t believe her ears. Everyone loved her hair.
What a couple of days it had been! Walking home, she smiled as the radio of a passing car played the song “What a Difference a Day Makes”.
1．Daisy left the classroom with a heavy heart because ________.
A．she arrived late for the test
B．she forgot to study for the test
C．she thought she did poorly on the test
D．she had to do her part-time job after the test
2．How did Daisy feel when she first saw her new hairstyle
A．Disappointed. B．Uninterested. C．Excited. D．Calm.
3．From her experience, Daisy probably learned that ________.
A．it is important to be prepared for the worst
B．things are not always as bad as they seem
C．life is full of challenges and choices
D．hard work leads to good results
（2024·北京西城·一模）Greg’s DiarySunday
Tonight, Mom called for a “house meeting”. She told us that she was going back to school to start taking classes. Well, it was totally out of my expectation. She is always there when I get home from school, and that’s the way I like it.
But now, we have to make our own dinners and start doing housework.
**********Wednesday
The first few nights with Mom away have been a disaster(灾难). We tried making our dinner on Monday. Manny made the iced tea, but it was undrinkable. Rodric cooked the roast beef, but it was a mess. So, we bagged the homemade meal idea and went out to eat.
**********Tuesday
My task is taking out the rubbish. Tonight, Dad asked me why I didn’t do my job this morning. He said I needed to start being more responsible.
I’ve heard it from Dad before. Last summer, our neighbor Ms. Grove, asked me to look after her plants while she went on business. Well, I did it for the first few days and then I got busy with other things. Ms. Grove was pretty mad because most of the plants didn’t make it. Then she sent me home without paying me.
**********Thursday
Well, Dad is really serious about me taking on more responsibility. And first he wants me to start waking myself up in the morning. That’s actually a real problem because I depend on him to wake me up.
Yesterday was the first day I tried to wake myself up, and it didn’t work out. My alarm clock (闹钟) went off, but the sound just worked its way into my dream. And today didn’t go any better.
The problem is without an actual human being waking me up, my brain is always going to find some excuse to keep sleeping. But I think I might have found a solution to this alarm clock situation. I found an old-style alarm clock today and it makes a loud noise when it goes off. I tested it out to see if it still worked, and sure enough, it did. I don’t think anyone could sleep through a noise like that.
4．When he heard his mom was going back to school, Greg felt _________.
A．proud B．surprised C．excited D．relaxed
5．From the diary, we can learn that Greg’s dad expected him to ________.
A．build up self-confidence B．become more responsible
C．make friends with the neighbors D．get along with his brothers
6．What was Greg’s task at home
A．Looking after the plants. B．Making the iced tea
C．Taking out the rubbish. D．get along with his brothers
（2024·北京朝阳·一模）Should I worry about skipping breakfast (不吃早饭)
Is breakfast the most important meal of the day It probably depends on what you’re doing for the rest of it. Before the industrial revolution (工业革命), most people had leftovers or nothing for breakfast. Edward Bernays created a marketing project in the 1920s that made eggs and bacon a common breakfast choice. But in today’s world, fewer people work physically challenging jobs, so is it still necessary to begin the day with a protein-rich (富含蛋白质的) meal or a bowl of porridge Does it matter if you don’t and might there actually be health benefits to breaking your fast later in the day
First, let’s hear from the breakfast supporters. Some studies suggest that breakfast-skippers have a risk of heart disease and high blood sugar, across a range of populations around the world. At the same time, other studies show breakfast-skippers are more likely to choose poorer foods throughout the day which makes sense, as skipping breakfast seems to keep levels of the hunger hormone ghrelin (饥饿激素) high, while the satiety hormone leptin (饱腹感激素瘦素) stays suppressed.
Breakfast eaters often have healthier habits, but not always.What if some people really care about their health but choose to skip breakfast Well, actually...
“Skipping breakfast can be described as a kind of ‘time-restricted feeding (限时进食)’, as you reduce the ‘window’ when you can eat, ” says the nutritionist (营养学家) Drew Price. “If I was working with someone who wanted a breakfast-skipping-type plan, then I would be paying more attention than ever to what they are eating to make sure they get enough protein, healthy fats and other beneficial nutrients. However, skipping breakfast isn’t suitable for everyone, especially those people with disordered eating, certain health conditions, and those who are young or elderly, for whom balanced energy intake is important.”
What should you do then Just eat in the way that lets you make the most healthy choices, most long-lastingly. If that means a couple of fried eggs and some vegetables at 7 a.m., great, but if all you need to make it to 11 a.m. is a strong cup of coffee, don’t worry about it too much. Oh, and if a bowl of porridge can help guide you away from your basic needs, then go for it—we can all use a bit of help in the morning, after all.
7．According to the passage, which health risk is connected with skipping breakfast
A．Cancer. B．Stomachache. C．Cold. D．Heart disease.
8．The word “suppressed” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.
A．controlled B．organized C．balanced D．recorded
9．The writer probably agrees that ________.
A．the best breakfast habit depends on yourself
B．disordered eating is a good idea for children
C．balanced energy intake is the key to a healthy life
D．skipping breakfast brings people more food choices
10．What is the writer’s main purpose of writing this passage
A．To introduce the history and development of breakfast.
B．To provide breakfast meal suggestions for improving health.
C．To highlight how the marketing influences breakfast choices.
D．To discuss whether you need to worry about breakfast skipping or not.
（2024·北京丰台·一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
A Secret Code
“See you at Open House tonight, Amy,” my friend Evelyn shouted from the school bus window. “Don’t forget to ask your mom if I can come over tomorrow!”
“OK!” I called back, I wished I could feel excited about my first Open House at my new school, but I was worried. What would other kids say when they found out my parents can’t hear
And I wanted Evelyn to visit my house one day, then she'd see how different my house was. My parents use a video phone so they can use sign language to communicate with callers. We also have a light on the wall that flashes when the phone or doorbell rings, and our TV is always set to show the captions (字幕). Would Evelyn think my house is strange
When darkness fell, Dad drove us to the brightly lit school, which looked different at night. It felt different, too, as we walked down the hallway to my classroom.
We stopped in front of the notice board in the hall.
“Look at Amy’s picture!” Mom said, too loud. She does that when she's excited, because she can’t hear herself. Some older kids turned to stare at us in surprise and I wanted to hide.
Ms. Jennings walked over to us. I introduced my teacher to my family and explained that my parents are deaf.
“It’s nice to meet you.” Mom said, signing.
Some of my classmates were watching us and whispering. Then I noticed Evelyn and her mom standing by the door.
“Hi, Amy,” Evelyn said suddenly.
I turned around, “Hi.”
“I didn’t know your parents are deaf,” she said.
“Yeah.” I couldn’t think of anything else to say.
“And you can talk to them with your hands That's so cool!”
“You think so ” I asked, feeling relieved (如释重负).
Evelyn nodded. “It’s like a secret code. Would you teach me some words sometime ”
I smiled. “Of course.”
Then I got my parents’ attention. “Mom, Dad,” I said, signing, “I’d like you to meet my friend Evelyn and her mom.”
11．How did Amy feel about her first Open House at the beginning
A．Worried. B．Surprised. C．Excited. D．Strange.
12．Amy’s house is different because ________.
A．there is no doorbell on their door
B．the TV is always set to show the captions
C．her parents use video phones to talk with each other
D．there is a light on the wall to make the house brighter
13．Amy felt relieved at last because ________.
A．her classmates said hello to her family
B．her mother was very happy to see her picture
C．her friend thought it cool to use sign language
D．her teacher walked over and talked to her family
（2024·北京石景山·一模）What do table football, a Barbie’s house and a toy car all have in common They are all much smaller than real things. Humans have long been interested in miniature (微小) things. The fashion, marketing, and the design industry all use miniature one way or another, and the public seems to love it. This is the effect of cuteness psychology (心理).
The psychology of cuteness is the idea that seeing something small and cute encourages connecting behaviors and the need to take care of it and protect it. However, our attraction to small objects isn’t fully a result of a strong hope to act as a parent. More recent research has shown that our feeling to cuteness isn’t necessarily related to some kind of inborn need to be taken care of, but rather more of a general, positive feeling that can influence how we socially interact with other people.
Seeing tiny things, humans or animals gives off dopamine (多巴胺), which is involved with forming emotional connections. When the body gives off dopamine, it makes us feel in love with the object we are attracted to. “The human brain is designed to love cute, small things by awarding us with dopamine to make sure we will love our tiny babies. This protects their survival and, in turn, the survival of we humans,” says Sam Von Reiche, a psychologist in New Jersey.
Meanwhile, small things bring back the comfort of childhood. In times of stress, we return to things that gave us comfort at an early age. It doesn’t need to be the exact toy we played with as a child, or even a toy at all. It could be a miniature model of a thing. We connect tiny objects with the safety and comfort they brought us in an earlier time in our lives.
Some people may be interested in miniatures because they don’t have the money to get real-life ones. While we might not be able to own an expensive race car, a miniature copy can offer unbelievable emotional awards. Certain tiny objects from one’s travels, for example, a tiny Eiffel Tower can bring a sense of connection to important life stories and the people who have shared our journey.
Depending on one’s needs, a miniature object can bring a sense of pleasure, satisfaction, and even emotional comfort.
14．What can we learn from the passage
A．The fashion leads to the cuteness psychology.
B．People prefer real objects when they grow up.
C．Our attraction to tiny things brings positive feelings.
D．Expensive race cars bring back the comfort of childhood.
15．According to Sam Von Reiche, ________.
A．dopamine can save humans in a natural way
B．cuteness preference helps with human survival
C．the human brain is designed to love real-life things
D．dopamine can mislead human emotion to feel in love
16．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Why are we really into small things
B．What do all small things have in common
C．Where does cuteness psychology come from
D．Why are our brains designed to love miniatures
（2024·北京海淀·一模）
Meditation is one kind of exercise in controlling attention. Meditators use some practices, like keeping focus on breathing, to strengthen the ability to take control over what their minds are doing. While meditators have long experienced its benefits, science only recently discovered that the mental effort of meditation is good exercise for the brain. Meditation has much to do with cognition, a term to describe the thought processes inside our heads (like focusing, making decisions, and remembering) that allow us to understand the world. Meditators are really good at using several cognitive abilities to stay focused. When they learn that their minds wander (走神), they quickly bring their attention back, which is like doing a mental push-up. All these mental push-ups end up strengthening their ability to change their thoughts based on what they are doing right now, like changing from doing math to reading when they go to different classes.
push-up
Groups of brain areas that communicate are called brain networks, and the health of the brain depends on the ability of brain networks to communicate well. Science has shown that meditation can improve sustained attention, which is how well a person can keep their attention on something hard for a long time. Scientists can measure improvements in sustained attention by looking for increases in certain brain waves, using EEG (脑电图). It proves that meditation can make the brain areas involved in attention communicate with each other more easily.
Meditation can even change the way that meditators’ brain networks communicate, by bringing new, helpful brain areas into the conversation or getting rid of a brain area that is too loud and distracting (分心的). As a result, meditators get better at focusing their attention away from negative thoughts and feelings and putting themselves into a good mood.
These changes take a long time and a lot of work. People need to make meditation a habit and guidance from a teacher can be helpful. Yet, not everyone can afford a personal teacher. That’s where technology steps in. Scientists have made apps that provide tips and help people meditate at their own levels. While some digital meditation apps have been carefully studied by scientists, some need to be tested. So, it is important to be careful at first about whether an app really works.
17．According to the passage, when people meditate, they ________.
A．try to control their focus B．focus on what goes around
C．make important decisions D．develop the ability to communicate
18．What can we learn from the passage
A．Meditators end their practice when their minds wander.
B．Meditation makes it possible for people to have happier moods.
C．Certain brain waves decrease when sustained attention improves.
D．Digital meditation apps work better than personal meditation teachers.
19．What might be the best title for the passage
A．How does meditation benefit the brain
B．How do people make meditation a habit
C．How does technology improve meditation
D．How do meditalors better their mental health
（2024·北京门头沟·一模）What is your understanding of self-control How do you think it works Do you think your self-control ability is limited or unlimited Do you believe that after a long day you run out of energy, and you need to rest to get it refueled (补充燃料) If this is the case, then you have a limited theory (理论) of self-control.
Do you think that challenging activities don’t easily lose your energy In that case you have a non-limited theory.
In an experiment, researchers divided students into two groups based on their self-control theory and followed them during a term. Outside the exam period, there were no differences between the two groups. However, when requirements were high, students with a limited theory procrastinated (拖延) more, achieved a lower GPA (grade-point average) and ate more unhealthy food.
Theories about self-control become a self-fulfilling prediction. If you think that self-control is limited, then you will give in to temptations (诱惑) more easily and find it harder to realize your goals. On the other hand, if you have a non-limited theory, you will be more successful with your goals.
Interestingly, both ‘non-limited’ and ‘limited’ theorists feel just as tired immediately after exercising self-control. However, ‘non-limited’ theorists don’t take their feelings as a sign that they have depleted a limited resource and need to rest. In fact, they believe that a day full of challenging tasks ‘activates’ their self-control skills, which leaves them refreshed and more willing to make effort the next day.
It seems that there’s a clear benefit to having the ‘right’ beliefs about self-control. How can you change your self-control theory
If you’re willing towards a ‘limited’ theory, we suggest that you try to persuade yourself or a friend that if they use effortless strategies, then self-control is not easily run out. Researchers have managed to experimentally control students’ self-control theories.
There’s another, probably more powerful way to change your self-control theory. In a series of experiments, researchers asked participants to do an easy (e.g. keeping a diary) or a difficult (e.g. not eating sweets) task for 2 weeks. Before and after this period, they measured their self-control theories and self-control strength. Interestingly, the participants who did the more effortful task changed their beliefs toward the ‘limited’ theory by the end of the experiment. As a result, they made less effort in the final self-control task.
This study shows that when we experience a lot of effort, it may act as a signal telling us that our self-control ability is limited. This in turn makes it more difficult for us to exercise self-control in the future. Therefore, if you use the more effortless strategies, you can automatically shape your self-control theory to be more non-limited, naturally improving your self-control.
20．If you believe your self-control ability is unlimited, you’ll feel ________.
A．calm after the experiments B．satisfied after long-distance race
C．confused by self-control activities D．energetic after self-control tasks
21．In the first experiment, the writer wants to tell us ________.
A．the two groups of students got the same scores in the experiments
B．beliefs about self-control changed the ability to avoid temptations
C．students with a limited theory achieved more confidence and trusts
D．students with a non-limited theory easily succeeded in the experiment
22．The word “depleted” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ________.
A．created B．saved C．collected D．emptied
23．The writer may agree that ________.
A．you can change your beliefs to become more unlimited
B．there’s a clear benefit to improve your skills and abilities
C．you can use the effortless strategies to realize your goals
D．you should persuade yourself to change the learning strategies
（2024·北京房山·一模）Can you see the glass as half full, rather than half empty Are you always looking on the bright side of life If so, you might be an optimist.
An optimist is someone who is hopeful about the future and tends to expect that good things will happen. A number of studies have shown that optimists enjoy higher levels of happiness, better sleep, lower stress and even better cardiovascular (心血管的) health and immune (免疫的) function. And now, a study connects being an optimist with a longer life.
Researchers followed the lifespan (寿命) of some 160, 000 women aged 50 to 79 for 26 years. They were divided into two groups by completing a self-report measure of optimism. Women with the highest scores were considered optimists. Those with the lowest scores were considered pessimists. Then, the researchers followed up with the study. They found that those who had the highest levels of optimism were more likely to live longer. So why is it that optimists live longer
One possible reason is that it could be related with their healthier lifestyles. For example, research from several studies has found that optimism is related with eating a healthy diet, staying physically active and being less likely to smoke cigarettes. These healthy behaviors are well known to improve heart health and reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease. Accepting a healthy lifestyle is also important for reducing the risk of other potentially deadly diseases, such as cancer.
Another possible reason could be the way optimists manage stress. When faced with a stressful situation, optimists will reduce stress levels and boost the power to take steps. They use methods to solve the source of the stress, or look at the situation in a less stressful way. For example, optimists will plan ways to deal with the matter, call on others for support or try to find hope in the stressful situation.
In short, the ways optimists deal with stress might help protect them somewhat against its harmful effects. Be the person who looks at the glass half full. Appreciate the little things in your life and face your problems with a smile and a take-charge attitude. Optimism is the best tool when it comes to changing your outlook on life.
24．According to the passage, who is probably an optimist
A．Tom is upset on rainy or snowy days.
B．Lucy is unwilling to ask others for support.
C．Chris keeps volunteering at the Nursing Home.
D．Marry believes she can solve the problem she meets.
25．What can we learn from the passage
A．People who see half-empty glass are more hopeful.
B．Healthy lifestyle will help treat cardiovascular disease.
C．Optimism is related with being likely to smoke cigarettes.
D．Optimists may enjoy longer lifespan than the less optimistic ones.
26．The word “boost” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．share B．increase C．lose D．limit
27．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A．To call on people to be optimistic towards life.
B．To give suggestions on how to deal with stress.
C．To show the results of a study on healthy lifestyles.
D．To tell the effects of being optimistic among women.
（2024·北京通州·一模）Sharing your opinions is fun when everyone else agrees with you. But what about when they don’t No one likes feeling like the strange one out, and these days it seems like people with unpopular opinions are more likely to get shunned (回避). Does that mean you should change your opinions to conform (符合) to the majority’s beliefs Of course not. Here’s what you should do.
Say it, but don’t push it
We all have ideas that we want to share. But don’t try to convince (说服) other people that your opinion is the best idea or the only idea they should have. Stand your ground, but don’t be condescending (居高临下的).
Be respectful of other people’s opinions, too
It’s not only you who need to express an opinion. Everyone should have the chance, and you should give them that chance. When people share their thoughts, be open to them and don’t bring them down for unpopular opinions.
Agree to disagree
Sometimes, we have to accept the fact that we won’t agree on everything. When your opinions clash (冲突), make sure that it ends there. Don’t have any arguments or negative feelings. Agree to disagree when there’s no other way for you.
Unpopular opinions can rock the boat when it comes to conversations. But they can be the best conversation topics. Having an unpopular opinion is hard, but it doesn’t have to ruin your relationships or your self-esteem (自尊). With the right way, you can stand firm (坚定地) in your beliefs, even when you feel like others don’t share them.
You can share a different idea on the topic. Be sure not to be so surprised when someone doesn’t agree with you. It is an unpopular opinion, after all. Learning how to handle having an unpopular opinion is important if you want to be able to share your opinion respectfully and effectively, and you don’t want to feel emotionally isolated (孤立的) because of your opinion.
28．What can we learn from the passage
A．We should use our opinions to challenge others’ opinions.
B．We should try our best to make our friends accept our ideas.
C．When we share our opinions, we should stop others from talking.
D．When it’s hard to accept different opinions, we should set them aside.
29．The words “rock the boat” in Paragraph 5 probably mean “______”.
A．bring benefits B．draw away attention C．make trouble D．win support
30．What is the passage mainly about
A．The collection of unpopular opinions. B．Ways to deal with unpopular opinions.
C．The importance of unpopular opinions. D．Benefits of having unpopular opinions.
（2024·北京顺义·一模）When Helen Keller was nineteen months old, a brief illness made her both deaf and blind. With such limitations, how could Keller ever be expected to find happiness
Because happiness has been considered a personal concept, it is difficult to define (定义). Many people throughout history have tried. Greek scientist and philosopher Aristotle wrote, “Happiness depends upon ourselves,” which is not a definition but an observation that individuals are responsible for their own happiness. Roman statesman and philosopher Lucius Seneca wrote of a particular quality of happiness, saying, “True happiness is to enjoy the present, without anxious dependence upon the future.”
Is there a scientific basis (基础) for happiness Researcher suggests happiness is a matter of perspective: “Truly happy individuals construe life events and daily situations in ways that seem to maintain their happiness, while unhappy individuals construe (理解) experiences in ways that seem to reinforce unhappiness”. Basically, this means the way you choose to remember events and situations affects your happiness.
Some research concludes happiness is made up of three parts: pleasure, engagement and meaning. Pleasure involves things that give physical and emotional joy, such as playing a sport or seeing beautiful art. Engagement involves positive interactions (互动) with other people, such as studying or working with people whose company you enjoy. Meaning relates to feeling that your work is useful and important to others.
Even with scientific rationalization (合理化), questions remain. For example, are younger people happier than older people In fact, the opposite seems to be true. This may be because younger people tend to experience higher levels of negative emotions, such as anxiety and anger. The young also have less control over their lives because they lack both independence and the ability to make many of their own decisions.
Perhaps the most important question is whether you can change how happy you are. Studies of identical twins suggest that genetics forms about half of your happiness level. Your quality of life influences about 10 percent of your happiness. That means about 40 percent of your happiness is determined by your choices and actions.
From this explanation we can see that one way you can make yourself happier is to set goals. Keller had a definition of happiness in keeping with this idea. She felt happiness did not come from simply trying to satisfy your own desires but rather by contributing your time and skills to improve the world in some way.
Even if you are unable to achieve a goal that makes the world better in some small way, simply trying will likely give your life meaning and, at the same time, happiness.
31．Why does the writer mention the words of Aristotle and Seneca
A．To show what is the definition of happiness.
B．To suggest that we should enjoy the present.
C．To explain why we can choose to be happy or not.
D．To stress that people have different ideas about happiness.
32．What can you learn from the passage
A．People should communicate with others positively.
B．The young may prefer to make decisions on their own.
C．Your happiness influences the way to understand your life.
D．Your happiness largely depends on your situation of your life.
33．According to Helen Keller, you may feel happier when you ______.
A．choose your dream school B．do clean-up in your neighborhood
C．watch your favorite movie D．talk with your closest friends
34．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．A Special Quality of Happiness B．The Positive Effect of Happiness
C．The True Meaning of Happiness D．A Scientific Basis of Happiness
（2024·北京大兴·一模）The Greatest Gift
On Christmas Eve, George found himself on a bridge outside his hometown. He was sad because he thought his life had been a complete waste. In this hopeless moment, a mysterious man appeared. The man wondered why George was here instead of staying with his family. George told him he disliked his simple life in the small town. George believed he was just an insignificant banker with a family doing the same thing every day. Without any achievement, George wished he had never been born at all. Hoping to teach him a lesson, the man granted (满足) George his wish.
After the man disappeared, George traveled back to town. Nothing appeared out of place until he walked by Hank Biddle’s tree. The tree should have been damaged (毁坏) from the time George ran his car into it. But in this moment, the tree looked like it hadn’t been hit. In fact, he remembered clearly that he had run his car into it. Soon, George discovered the town he knew so well didn’t know him at all-because he had never been born.
As George walked around town, he noticed he was a stranger to everyone. Not only that, George learned that the lives of his friends and family had taken a turn for the worse. For one, George’s job as a banker was replaced by another man. Because the new banker was greedy (贪婪的), many people’s lives were negatively affected.
Without George, the lives of his family members were also disturbed. George learned that his beloved brother, whom he had once saved from drowning (溺水), died because George was not there to save him. The death of George’s brother continued to bring huge sadness to their parents. George also found out that Alice, the love of his life, ended up in a difficult marriage with someone else.
George realized these dark changes might stay forever unless he did something. He returned to the bridge to find the man and begged for his life back. Once again, his wish was granted. George raced back home to hug Alice and their children on Christmas. He realized that life was truly the greatest and most wonderful gift.
35．What did George think of his life before he met the mysterious man
A．Wonderful. B．Busy. C．Hopeful. D．Simple.
36．When George returned to the town, he found ________.
A．everyone treated him as a stranger
B．his parents were sad about his death
C．his brother saved a person
D．he became a greedy banker
37．After the Christmas, George would ________.
A．feel bored with his life B．value his life and family more
C．race home faster than before D．beg the mysterious man for money
（2024·北京平谷·一模）Jack lived in a small village. He was the leader of a group who often played jokes on the villagers, and believed that causing trouble was the only way to have fun.
One day, Jack and his friends decided to play a prank on Mr. Johnson, an elderly man who lived alone in a small house at the edge of the village. As the sun set, Jack and his friends went into Mr. Johnson’s house quietly and moved the furniture around, laughing to themselves as they imagined the mess they were creating. Satisfied with their work, they left the house and went home to sleep.
The next morning, Jack woke up feeling excited. He couldn’t wait to see the reaction of Mr. Johnson when he discovered the rearranged furniture. As he walked to school, he passed by Mr. Johnson’s house and saw the old man standing outside, looking confused and upset. Jack’s heart sank as he realized his fault. He had never seen Mr. Johnson so upset before. And he knew that he had to make things right.
That afternoon, Jack gathered his friends to go to Mr. Johnson’s house. When they arrived there, Jack knocked on the door and explained their purpose. Mr. Johnson was surprised but grateful for their offer to help. Together, they worked to put the furniture back in place. As they worked, Jack and his friends apologized for their actions and promised to treat others with kindness and respect.
From then on, Jack and his friends changed their behavior. They no longer played pranks on the villagers, and instead, they started to look for ways to help others. They realized that causing trouble might have been fun, but helping others and showing kindness brought them true happiness.
38．What did Jack and his friends do in Mr. Johnson’s house at first
A．They made the house messy.
B．They apologized to Mr. Johnson.
C．They put the furniture back in place.
D．They helped Mr. Johnson clean the house.
39．How did Jack feel when he saw Mr. Johnson standing outside his house
A．Excited. B．Confused. C．Regretful. D．Upset.
40．From this lesson, Jack has learned that _________.
A．playing jokes on others is really funny
B．performing one’s promise wins respect
C．correcting mistakes helps one make progress
D．being good to others makes oneself feel happy
（2023·北京东城·一模）Being thankful and expressing it to others is good for our health and happiness. It also helps us build trust and closer relationships with the people around us.
These benefits have mostly been seen when two people are involved: one person gives thanks and the other receives thanks. Now, a new study suggests that expressing gratitude (感谢) not only improves one-to-one relationships, but could bring whole groups together—inspiring (激发) a will to help and connect in people who simply see an act of gratitude.
In this study, Sara Algoe and her team ran several experiments to find out how seeing gratitude influences people’s feelings toward the thankful person and the person who is thanked.
In one experiment, participants (参与者) were tasked with reading a movie review draft and underlining eye-catching parts for the reviewer’s benefit. First they saw an example. Several lines of text were underlined, as the task required, but many mistakes were also corrected, showing effort that went beyond the task. Some participants could see a handwritten note from the reviewer saying, “Thank you so much for catching those mistakes!”
Afterward, participants underlined parts in another article by the reviewer. Then researchers counted how many mistakes participants corrected, and asked them how much they might like to be friends with the reviewer.
The results showed that participants who had seen a note of gratitude were more willing to correct mistakes and help out, and more likely to want to become friends with the reviewer, than those who hadn’t.
Algoe and her team also discovered from other survey questions that participants wanted to help and connect with the person receiving the gratitude. “That’s because receiving gratitude marks you as a person who is effective at being supportive or helpful,” says Algoe.
These findings show that expressing gratitude not only strengthens the relationships between the people involved but also influences the people who see it in ways that could reverberate throughout a group. If people in a group notice others’ good acts and thank them for their kindnesses, the whole group could be encouraged to be kinder to one another.
Does this mean we should all express gratitude more often Yes. We can give a hug, bring a gift of flowers, or just say thank you. Gratitude expression seems to be a special kind of emotional experience that is great for building relationships.
41．What do we know about the experiment
A．Participants tried to make friends with the reviewer.
B．Participants were asked to write a movie review draft.
C．Participants were thanked for underlining eye-catching parts.
D．Participants who saw a thank you note corrected more mistakes.
42．Which of the following best matches the findings of the study
A．Tony is thanked a lot because he always helps others.
B．Susan and Mike are friends and they always help each other.
C．Linda is supportive in a group and becomes the group leader.
D．Amy wants to be friends with John because he is thanked a lot.
43．The words “reverberate throughout a group” in Paragraph 8 probably mean “________”.
A．attract more people to join a group B．have an effect on everyone in a group
C．help group members develop their strengths D．provide opportunities for everyone in a group
44．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A．To introduce how to express gratitude properly.
B．To explain why people show and receive gratitude.
C．To encourage people to show thankfulness to others.
D．To remind people of the importance of helping others.
（2023·北京西城·一模）
Emma’s big game
Emma was very excited. Today was the championship (锦标赛) baseball game! Emma really wanted to help her team win a trophy.
She put on her clothes, picked up her baseball glove and talked to herself, “I hope I get a hit today.”
Emma was a great hitter in practice, but she had never hit a ball during a game. She almost always struck out (三振出局).
On the way to the field, Emma kept her head down and was silent.
“Are you feeling okay, Emma ” her mom asked.
“I really don’t want to strike out,” Emma said.
“Don’t worry! Just keep your eye on the ball. You can do it,” Emma’s mom said.
When the game started, Emma cheered loudly for her teammates. She caught a fly ball in the outfield to make an out, and everyone cheered for her. Emma struck out when it was her turn to bat (击球), but her team was doing well.
The game was tied, and it was her team’s last chance to score. Frankie was up first—he hit the ball hard and managed to run to third base. That meant he could score and win the game if the next batter got a good hit. Next up was Henry, and then Kara, but they both struck out. Emma was next up.
Emma could feel all the eyes on her as she stepped up to the plate. She closed her eyes and swung (挥) hard, but missed.
“Keep your eye on the ball, Emma!” her mom called from the stands.
Emma nodded and stepped back into the batter’s box. This time she kept her eyes wide open and took a deep breath before she swung the bat.
Crack!
Emma hit the ball! Frankie ran home and they won!
“Great game, everyone!” said Emma’s coach later. “Here is your trophy.”
Emma held the shiny trophy high in the air. She felt very proud of her whole team.
Most of all, she couldn’t wait to show her mom the big trophy.
45．On the way to the field, Emma felt ________.
A．shy B．proud C．angry D．worried
46．What happened after Henry and Kara struck out
A．Frankie scored at once. B．The game stopped for a while.
C．Emma stepped up to the plate. D．The team lost the chance to win.
47．At the end of the game, Emma was able to get a good hit because ________.
A．she was praised by her coach B．she fixed her attention on the ball
C．her friends encouraged her to do well D．her mom helped her practice baseball
（2023·北京朝阳·一模）
Like many writers, I’m a top master at procrastination (拖延症). When I should be working on a task, with the clock ticking towards my deadline, I’ll sit there watching meaningless interviews or cat videos on the Internet.
According to the traditional thinking—I, along with my friend procrastinators, have a time management problem. By this view, I haven’t fully understood how long my task is going to take and I’m not paying enough attention to how much time I’m actually wasting on videos. With better scheduling (时序安排), I will stop procrastinating and get on with my work.
Increasingly, however, psychologists (心理学家) are realizing this is wrong. Researchers in the UK have showed that procrastination is a matter with managing our emotions, not our time. The task we’re putting off is making us feel bad—perhaps it’s boring, too difficult or we’re worried about failing—and to make ourselves feel better in the moment, we start doing something else, like watching videos.
One research to encourage the emotional view of procrastination was published by researchers at Case Western Reserve University. They first made people feel bad (by asking them to read sad stories) and showed that this increased their repeated habit to procrastinate by playing video games instead of preparing for the test they knew was coming. Following studies by another team also showed feeling down only makes people procrastinate more if they have fun things to divert (分散) their attention.
This fresh view on procrastination is beginning to open up exciting new methods to reducing the habit. A method, which is based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (接纳与承诺疗法), seems especially proper. It argues that ordering choices and actions that help you get closer to get things done can keep you away from the unpleasant feelings. So the next time you’re going to procrastinate, make your focus as simple as “What’s the next action ” Focusing on this one-step question takes your mind off your feelings and onto easily achievable action. “Our research and lived experience show very clearly that once we get started, usually we’re able to keep going. Getting started is “everything”.
48．Traditionally, we think procrastinators are those who ________ .
A．are usually responsible people B．have difficulty managing time
C．enjoy watching videos while writing D．can get work done with better organization
49．What can we learn from Paragraph 4
A．Low emotions lead to procrastination. B．Procrastination improves your moods.
C．Test-takers can not escape bad emotions. D．Procrastinators prefer games to sad stories.
50．Why does the writer suggest focusing on one simple question
A．Because it shortens the process.
B．Because it may reduce unpleasant feelings.
C．Because it can fix time management problem.
D．Because it encourages the wildest imagination.
51．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A．To introduce new studies about procrastination.
B．To compare different reasons for procrastination.
C．To discuss what effect procrastination brings about.
D．To explain how good time management matters in life.
（2023·北京丰台·一模）The way the mind works is heavily influenced by culture, according to University of Michigan psychologist Richard Nisbett, author of The Geography of Thought: How Asians and Westerners Think Differently... and Why.
Richard Nisbett says that two people from different cultures can look at the same picture and see it in different ways. Culture also teaches people how to see and describe their experiences. Nisbett explains that Asians think differently from Westerners because their culture teaches them to be more aware of society, family, and historical background. Western culture, and especially American culture, tends to pay more attention to individual (个人的) success and being independent of family.
Nisbett argues that culture makes East Asians more holistic or global thinkers: When trying to understand a situation, they like to see the whole picture. They trust feelings and pay attention to relationships because these are valued highly in their culture.
However, Nisbett’s research has shown that Westerners tend to be more analytic (善于分析的). When they try to understand something, Westerners usually prefer to analyze small pieces of information first and build their knowledge piece by piece in order to understand the whole picture.
In study after study, Nisbett and colleagues from China, the Republic of Korea, and Japan found that East Asians and Americans responded in different ways to the same situation. In one experiment, Japanese and Americans viewed the same animated underwater scenes, and reported what they had seen. In the experiment, most of the Americans started by explaining the details, for example, saying there were large fish in the front on the right. However, the Japanese talked about the environment first, mentioning that there was a pond or a fish tank. The Japanese also talked more about the environment and inanimate (无生命的) objects than the Americans, for example, “The big fish swam past the gray seaweed.” This research proves the traditional idea that Americans are less interested in social background and place importance on the individual. The Japanese, on the other hand, place more importance on social background.
52．Nisbett may agree ______.
A．Asians pay less attention to society
B．Westerners focus more on individual success
C．Asians are less aware of historical background
D．Westerners are more dependent on their families
53．The word “holistic” in Paragraph 3 probably means “______”.
A．analysing a small piece B．achieving a big success
C．considering a whole thing D．valuing a good relationship
54．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Thinking Highly Enriches Culture
B．Culture Heavily Influences Thinking
C．Thinking Pushes Culture to Progress
D．Culture Matters More than Thinking
（2023·北京石景山·一模）It’s a feeling you’ve almost experienced before—the fear of waiting for an exam to start. You worry about whether you’ve prepared well, and about the possible failure. Gerardo Ramirez and Sian Beilock have found that students do better in exams if they spend ten minutes writing about their worries.
At first, Ramirez and Beilock tested their solution in the lab. They asked 20 college students to take two math tests. Before the first test, the students were simply told to do their best. Before the second test, each student was assigned (分配) a partner who had already finished and improved on their original score. If the student could do the same, both partners would get money. If not, neither would get anything.
Before they started the second test, half of the students sat quietly and the other half wrote openly about their feelings on the coming exam. Ramirez and Beilock found that although both groups scored similar marks in the first relaxed test, the writing group did much better at the second test. Their scores improved; rising by an extra 5%. And the students who sat quietly actually did worse; their marks were 12% lower.
But was it the act of writing itself that did the trick To answer that, Ramirez and Beilock ran the experiment again in a real setting. This time, they worked with 51 ninth-grade students. Six weeks before the final biology exam, they asked the students how anxious (焦虑的) they were. When the final hour arrived, the students were asked for a 10-minute writing exercise. Half of them had to write about their thoughts on the coming exam, while the other half had to write about an unrelated topic. Only then did they sit the exam.
Their final scores showed that if the students wrote about unrelated topics, their scores were lower. If they wrote about their worries, their anxieties had no effect on their marks. And when Ramirez divided the students into two groups according to how anxious they were, only the high group benefited from the exercise.
Ramirez and Beilock’s study has obvious practical effect. They’ve found a. simple way of helping the anxious students to perform at their true level. They’ve also shown that the key to control our anxieties is not to push them aside, but to face them.
55．What do we know about Ramirez and Beilock’s testing in the lab
A．51 college students got involved. B．The writing group scored lower in the test.
C．The students were required to take two tests. D．The students scored the same during the testing.
56．The words “did the trick” in Paragraph 4 probably mean “________”.
A．told a joke B．lowered the scores
C．produced the result D．increased the worries
57．What did Ramirez and Beilock’s experiment in real setting suggest
A．How the students felt about writing made a big difference.
B．What the students wrote before the test influenced their scores.
C．The topics the students wrote about after the test mattered a lot.
D．Students with no worries performed at their best level in the test.
58．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage
A．Writing about exam worries improves students’ results
B．Writing exercises might lead working memory to do best
C．Practising writing encourages students to score high in exams
D．Developing writing skills helps students get out of their trouble
（2023·北京海淀·一模）Most of us probably have told a lie at one time or another. Some lies are harmful. Some are mostly harmless. Still other lies may even he created with kindness. But whatever kind of lie you tell, it takes surprising brainpower to pull it off. Lying also can have unwanted influences, too.
When you tell the truth, you think of what you want to say and just say it. However, lying takes much more work—you have to come up with a story and remember it. A lot of that work is done in a brain area called the prefrontal cortex(前额叶皮层). It’s responsible for working memory and executive function(执行功能) tasks such as planning, problem-solving and self-control. Working memory keeps things in mind just for a little while as you’re using them. Executive function comes into play when you use self-control to keep from blurting out(脱口而出) the facts that would uncover your lie. It helps you recall all the details of a lie to make sure that it sounds believable. It also lets you think a step or two ahead to make sure the lie you’re telling will likely hold up to questioning.
Calling on your executive function this way uses up a lot of brainpower. Vendemia, a neuroscientist at the University of South Carolina, did a research and has found that people’s mental workload will be heavier and their reaction time longer when they lie. Worse still, when the prefrontal cortex is busy with tasks related to lying, she notes, it has a harder time doing other tasks such as making a study plan or using self-control to keep from spending too much time on computer games.
Lying has social influences, too. Even the kindest lies can sometimes be risky and often backfire. When you give dishonest praise, you may make your friends feel good at first. But if you do it often enough, they’ll soon learn that they can’t trust your praise. People generally value honesty and don’t like liars, so if you are viewed as untrustworthy, it can be bad for your relationships.
It’s widely agreed that nearly all cultures value honesty, and now science is revealing(揭示) how dishonesty influences the brain and your ability to build the trust on which strong relationships depend. So, even when lying doesn’t stretch your nose, it still comes at a price that you can’t afford.
59．The second paragraph is mainly about _________.
A．why self-control benefits the brain B．what social influences lying can bring
C．how the brain works when people lie D．when executive function comes into play
60．What can we learn about lying from the passage
A．Lying improves working memory. B．Covering lies takes much brainpower.
C．The nature of lies is decided by the brain. D．People’s reaction can be sped up by lying.
61．The underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 4 probably means “_________”.
A．lead to serious accidents B．help to win full support
C．build up strong relationships D．have the opposite effect
62．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Signs of Lying B．Costs of Lying C．Causes of Lies D．Types of Lies
（2023·北京门头沟·一模）Limiting Social-media Use Leads to Improved Body Image(外形) among Young People
Teens and young adults who cut their social media use by 50% for a few weeks saw significant(显著的) improvement in how they felt about both their weight and their appearance, according to the American Psychological Association research.
“Adolescence(青春期) is a vulnerable(脆弱的) period for the development of body image problems, eating disorders(失调) and mental(精神的) illness,” said Gary Goldfield, PhD, from Ontario Research Institute. “Youth are spending, on average(平均), between six to eight hours every day on screens, much of it on social media. Social media can show users hundreds or even thousands of photos of fashion models every day. They are beauty ideals(理想) that are unreachable for almost everyone and can lead to greater displeasure with body weight and shape among young people.”
However, much of the research on social media, body image and mental health is correlational, according to Goldfield, so it is uncertain whether people with body image and mental health problems spend more time on social media or if social media use leads to greater body image and mental health problems.
The study examined 220 university students, aged 17 to 25, who regularly used social media on their smart phones and had signs of depression(抑郁) or nervousness. During the first week, the students were told to use social media as usual. Half of them were then told to limit their social-media use to an hour a day for the next three weeks, while those in the control group were not.
During the three weeks, students in the first group cut their social-media use by about half, to an average of 78 minutes a day, while the control group averaged 189 minutes a day. Those who cut their social-media use showed improvements on test scores of how they regarded their appearance and body weight. The control group showed no significant changes. The researchers did not find significant differences between genders(性别).
“Our short four-week intervention(干预) using screen-time trackers showed that reducing social media use produced significant improvements in appearance and weight in troubled youth with heavy social media use,” said Goldfield. “Cutting social media use is a possible method of producing a short-term good effect on body image among a vulnerable population of users.”
63．The word “correlational” in Paragraph 3 probably mean “______”.
A．related B．common C．separate D．opposite
64．Paragraph 4 is mainly about ______.
A．why the study was performed B．how the study was performed
C．who the study examined D．what the study showed
65．What can you learn from the passage
A．Watching photos of fashion models makes young people feel satisfied with their body.
B．The study showed great differences young man improved better than young women.
C．During the four weeks, students were told to limit their media-use to the average level.
D．Young people are easy to have body image, eating disorders and mental problems in adolescence.
66．Why does the author write this passage
A．To discuss the good and bad effects of cutting social media use.
B．To compare what roles genders play among heavy social media users.
C．To explain why many young people have the signs of depression or nervousness.
D．To introduce a method to solve body image problems for heavy social media users.
参考答案：
1．C 2．A 3．B
4．B 5．B 6．C
7．D 8．A 9．A 10．D
11．A 12．B 13．C
14．C 15．B 16．A
17．A 18．B 19．A
20．D 21．B 22．D 23．A
24．D 25．D 26．B 27．A
28．D 29．C 30．B
31．D 32．A 33．B 34．C
35．D 36．A 37．B
38．A 39．C 40．D
41．D 42．D 43．B 44．C
45．D 46．C 47．B
48．B 49．A 50．B 51．A
52．B 53．C 54．B
55．C 56．C 57．B 58．A
59．C 60．B 61．D 62．B
63．A 64．B 65．D 66．D