Unit 7 Seasons单元模拟测试卷（含解析）牛津译林版英语八年级上册
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| 名称 | Unit 7 Seasons单元模拟测试卷（含解析）牛津译林版英语八年级上册 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-05-20 14:18:43 | ||
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Unit 7 Seasons
一、单项选择(共10小题,计10分)
( )1.I caught bad cold because of shower last night.
A. a; the B. a; a C. the; the D. the; a
( )2.Rivers and lakes in Guangzhou are seldom frozen in winter as the temperature often stays zero.
A. up B. down C. above D. below
( )3.Lucy has got a high . I think she should exercise to boost immunity(增强免疫力).
A. cough B. toothache C. cold D. fever
( )4.(2023·北京师范大学附属实验中学期中改编)Jerry stayed up late last night. No wonder he was in the class.
A. sleepy B. asleep C. cheerful D. active
( )5.(2023·福建三明模拟改编)—Now shared bicycles are in our city.
—Yes, and we should use them properly.
A. nowhere B. anytime
C. sometime D. everywhere
( )6.—Driving after drinking wine is really a bad habit.
—That's true. Every year, it a lot of traffic accidents.
A. happens B. causes C. provides D. stops
( )7.(2023·武汉武珞路中学期中改编)—Harry seems ill.I'm afraid we have to send him to hospital at once.
—Maybe he's just got a cold, so I don't think it matters.
A. a bit B. a bit of C. a few D. a little bit
( )8.—I got into a fight with my deskmate last week.
—Try to solve it actively, or the relationship will get worse time goes on.
A. as B. when C. and D. but
( )9.Which of the following sentences has the same structure(结构) as "Farmers harvest crops."
A. The music sounds terrible. B. They listened carefully.
C. Hobo built Eddie a tent. D. They covered the sun.
( )10.—The weather report says we will have a sunny day tomorrow.
— . I'm going to visit the local museum with my classmates.
A. I'm sorry B. I hope so C. Have a nice trip D. Sounds terrible
二、完形填空(共10小题,计15分)
What's the best thing to eat on a hot summer day Your answer may be ice cream. But 11 before you eat. If you are 12 after playing sports, it's not the best time to eat ice cream, because it may give your stomach some 13 , and you could have diarrhea(腹泻). Then you'll have to go to see the doctor. You can eat some ice cream 14 you cool down.
Drink something hot after dinner, and your stomach will digest (消化) the food 15 . If you love fruit, summer is a great time for you. Go to the market and 16 the fruit you like. Also, try to eat more ginger(姜). It will help you 17 cool and healthy.
In summer, bacteria(细菌) grow very fast and make food go bad 18 . Always eat 19 and fresh food. If you can't finish your food and want to eat it again the next day, make sure you heat it enough to kill the bacteria in it. And when you put food 20 the fridge, be sure to keep the cooked food away from the uncooked food. This is good for your health.
( )11.A. look B. stand C. sit D. think
( )12.A. healthy B. hot C. cool D. strong
( )13.A. questions B. answers
C. problems D. points
( )14.A. before B. after C. because D. though
( )15.A. slower B. better C. cooler D. more
( )16.A. set off B. take up
C. eat up D. pick out
( )17.A. have B. make C. stay D. turn
( )18.A. quickly B. slowly C. clearly D. happily
( )19.A. wet B. dry C. clean D. warm
( )20.A. in B. on C. behind D. under
三、阅读理解(共16小题,计40分)
A(2022·河北石家庄外国语学校期中改编)
Spring to Winter
Buds and shoots are pushing up,
Flowers opening to the sun,
Bright green freshness everywhere,
Lambs and ducklings having fun.
Kites are flying in the wind.
Sudden showers make us run.
These are things that tell us when
Spring's here again.
Days that last a long, long time,
Children swimming in the sea,
Ice cream in the hot bright sun,
Shining leaves on every tree.
There's no school so every day
All my friends can play with me.
These are things that tell us when
Summer's here again.Leaves are falling on the ground.
All the trees drop their disguise (伪装).
Squirrels gather up their nuts.
Sleepy creatures close their eyes.
Days are short: .
These are things that tell us when
Autumn's here again.
Stars like snowflakes in the sky.
Robins(知更鸟) sit in leafless trees.
All the children wish for snow,
Waiting for the lakes to freeze.
Cheeks and noses turn bright red.
Many people start to run.
These are things that tell us when
Winter's here again.
( )21.In the poem "sun" rhymes(和……押韵) with "fun". Which two words of the following rhyme with each other
A. "Wind" and "sneeze". B. "Time" and "sea".
C. "Nuts" and "eyes". D. "Trees" and "freeze".
( )22.What is NOT mentioned(提到) to describe summer in this poem
A. Longer days. B. Swimming children.
C. Quiet streams. D. Weeks of no school.
( )23.Which of the following can we put in the blank(空格)
A. farmers work to harvest crops
B. the garden pond begins to freeze
C. the temperature drops and the birds fly south
D. afternoons and mornings have much darker skies
B(2023·河南郑州外国语中学模拟改编)
With the days getting colder, you may want to turn into a bear and sleep through the whole winter. Actually, scientists are looking for ways to let humans hibernate(冬眠), too!
During hibernation, an animal's heartbeat and breathing slow down. That can save energy when there's little food in the winter months.
Japanese researchers have found the secret behind hibernation—the "Q neurons(神经元)". These neurons in animals' brains can put them into a hibernation condition. The researchers also did surgery (外科手术) after turning on the mice's "Q neurons". It turned out that the surgery caused less damage to the mice during their hibernation.
According to the team, humans' "Q neurons" cannot be turned on and off as easily as the mice's. But they are confident of copying the mice's hibernation in humans. That means we could let people in surgery "hibernate", causing less damage to their bodies. Another study on monkeys also showed that hibernation could help clean out the brain parts that are related to Alzheimer's(阿尔茨海默病) in humans. Scientists hope to design medicines for humans based on this finding.
Some studies on bats and rabbits showed that, during hibernation, their bodies aged more slowly. This also provides new ideas for making humans live longer in the future, according to Rachel Howard, a leading reporter in New Scientist magazine.
Such promising findings may help solve health problems that have troubled humans for centuries.
( )24.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A. Why animals hibernate.
B. What hibernation is.
C. Where animals hibernate.
D. What is needed for hibernation.
( )25.What have Japanese researchers found
A. It's hard to turn on the mice's "Q neurons".
B. Doing surgery on mice's "Q neurons" is difficult.
C. Humans don't have "Q neurons" as mice do.
D. Doing surgery in the hibernation state is less harmful to mice.
( )26.Which idea will Rachel Howard most likely agree with
A. People can hibernate whenever they like in the future.
B. Hibernation is a medicine for many serious diseases.
C. Bats and rabbits live longer than humans in hibernation.
D. People may hibernate to slow down aging in the future.
( )27. [中考创新考法|观点态度题]What's the author's attitude towards the findings of hibernation
A.B.C.D.
( )28.What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage
A. To show our achievements in surgery.
B. To present a new way of doing surgery.
C. To share the findings on hibernation.
D. To introduce what hibernation is.
C
Mark Twain once said, "Everyone talks about the weather, but no one ever does anything about it." This was true in his day. But it may not be the case in today's world. In fact, humans have found many different ways to control the weather.
Cloud seeding(云催化) is a kind of technology that controls rain. It is done by spreading chemicals like dry ice or silver iodide(碘化银) inside clouds, either by rocket or airplane. This changes the amount of rain, the time when it rains and even the place where it rains.
This technology has helped to solve droughts. It has also played a key role during important events. For example, China used cloud seeding in Beijing just before the 2008 Olympic Games in order to stop rain from falling during the event.
However, scientists are still debating how to use this technology. On the one hand, it is believed that it might have side effects. For example, silver iodide may be bad for the environment. On the other hand, no two clouds are the same, so every new experiment brings new conditions.
In addition to controlling rain, scientists have also tried to find ways to weaken storms and hurricanes(飓风). Scientists at the US National Hurricane Center think it might be possible to control hurricanes by using lasers(激光). Others believe that burning petroleum(石油) in a hurricane's path could slow the storms down.
( )29.Cloud seeding works by spreading inside clouds.
A. rockets B. airplanes C. chemicals D. water
( )30.Cloud seeding can't control .
A. how much it rains B. when it rains
C. where it rains D. its side effects
( )31.China used this technology before the 2008 Olympic Games in order to .
A. solve the problem of droughts
B. keep it dry during the Olympic Games
C. keep it rainy during the Olympic Games
D. show the technology of cloud seeding
( )32.What can we learn from the story
A. Mark Twain liked to talk about the weather.
B. Cloud seeding may not be environmentally friendly.
C. All scientists have welcomed the cloud seeding technology.
D. Cloud seeding can be used to control storms.
D
Are you a happy person most of the time Or do you easily get angry sometimes Everyone has a different temperament(性情).It is usually believed that both genes(基因) and the environment may affect people's temperaments in different ways. But now scientists have found that the season of birth also plays a role.
Scientists from Budapest, Hungary, studied 400 university students. In the study, the students needed to finish a questionnaire(问卷).The purpose of it was to find out which of the four kinds of temperaments they had. From the questionnaire, scientists found that the students always answered something like "My mood often changes for no reason." and "I love to deal with new projects, even if they're risky." These answers were then matched with their birthdays.
They discovered that people born in summer easily changed between sad and happy moods compared to people born in winter. Those who always felt positive were mostly born in spring and summer.
The study also found that those born in autumn less probably had a mood of depression, which might easily drive them to cry, while those born in winter were not easier to be angry.
Scientists said that this was probably because the seasons had an influence on certain chemicals in the human's body. And the chemicals were important to control people's moods even in adults' lives.
"It seems that when you are born may increase or decrease your chance of developing certain mood disorders(紊乱),"the lead scientist Xenia Gonda told The Telegraph.
( )33.What probably can't affect people's temperaments according to Paragraph 1
A. Genes. B. Ages.
C. The season of birth. D. The environment.
( )34.What does the underlined word "depression" most probably mean
A. Sadness. B. Happiness.
C. Surprise. D. Excitement.
( )35.What will the writer most probably write about in the blank
A. How many kinds of moods are there
B. What can change the human's body most
C. How can the chemicals affect the moods
D. Why will the students continue their study
( )36.Which of the following sentences is NOT true according to the passage
A. People born in summer change their moods more easily.
B. The season of birth has an influence on humans' moods.
C. There were 400 middle school students taking part in the study.
D. The answers to the questionnaire were matched with the students' birthdays.
四、任务型阅读(共5小题,计10分)
September is the start of a new season—but where you are and who you are decide what you call that season. In the UK, people will tell you it's "autumn". However, cross the Atlantic(大西洋) and you'll find that people use both "fall" and "autumn" when talking about this time of year. In the English language, the season has two popular names. 37.
It seems that the word "autumn" came earlier than "fall", but in fact "fall" isn't a modern name.
38. , the season didn't have a common(普遍的) name. The main thing people did before winter was staying with each other and preserving(保存) crops, so they called this period "harvest" in old English.
Then, in the 1500s, more and more people began moving into cities. 39.. Without farming, the word "harvest" became less useful to people living in cities. Some English speakers needed a different name for the season. They found leaves fell off the trees during that season. 40. .
But by the end of the 1600s, the French word "autompne" and the Latin word "autumnus" had come into the English language and overtaken(超过) "fall", so people began to use "autumn" for the harvest time. At the same time, British people arrived in North America and changed the language there by bringing the words "fall" and "autumn" with them. 41. .
根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。
A. Before the words "fall" and "autumn" appeared in the lexicon(词汇表)
B. They gave up farming and left the countryside
C. Today, using both words to call the season is more popular in America than in Britain
D. Why does it have to be like that
E. So people called it "the fall of the leaf", or "fall" for short
五、(2023·杭州期末)书面表达(共1题,计25分)
大自然赋予了我们美好的四季,每个季节都有不同的特点。树人学校英文杂志社正在举办以"My favourite season"为题的征文活动,请你写一篇英语作文,描述你最喜欢的季节,向杂志社投稿。
要求:1.覆盖要点,可适当发挥;
2.文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。
My favourite season
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、单项选择
1.A 考查冠词。句意:因为昨晚的阵雨,我得了重感冒。catch a bad cold得重感冒,故第一空用a;第二空特指"昨晚的阵雨",故用the。故选A。
2.C 考查介词词义辨析。表示温度"高于……"应用above,表示温度"低于……"应用below。根据题意可知,在广州河流和湖泊在冬天很少结冰,故应用above。
3.D 考查名词词义辨析。cough咳嗽;toothache牙痛;cold感冒;fever发烧。根据题干中的"she should exercise to boost immunity(增强免疫力)"可知,Lucy发高烧了,get a high fever意为"发高烧"。故选D。
4.A 考查形容词词义辨析。根据题干中的"Jerry stayed up late last night"可知,此处是说难怪他在课堂上那么困。故选A。
5.D 考查副词词义辨析。根据题干中的"Yes, and we should use them properly"可知,此处是说现在共享单车到处都是。故用everywhere。
6.B 考查动词词义辨析。根据上句"酒后驾车真的是一个坏习惯"可知,此处是说每年酒后驾车都引起许多交通事故。happen发生;cause引起;provide提供;stop阻止,停止。结合语境可知选B。
7.B 考查短语辨析。a bit稍微,有点儿,修饰形容词或副词;a bit of一点,少量,a bit of a意为"有点儿……";a few一些,修饰可数名词复数;a little bit相当于a bit。结合设空后的a cold可知选B。
8.A 考查连词的用法。as time goes on "随着时间的推移",故选A。
9.D 考查基本句型。题干中给出的句子的结构为"S+V+O"。A项句子结构为"S+V+P";B项句子结构为"S+V";C项句子结构为"S+V+IO+DO";D项句子结构为"S+V+O"。故选D。
10.B 考查情景交际。根据题干中的"我打算和我的同班同学一起去参观当地的博物馆"并结合选项可知,设空处应表示"我希望如此"。故选B。
二、完形填空
【短文大意】 本文主要告诉我们如何在夏季吃得安全、健康。
11.D 由下文可知,此处是说,吃前要思考。故用think。
12.B 由设空后的"做完运动之后"可知,此处是说,如果你感到热。故用hot。
13.C 由设空后的"你可能会腹泻"可知,此处是说,冰激凌可能会给你的胃带来一些问题。故用problems。
14.B 由上文可知,此处是说,你可以在身体凉下来之后吃冰激凌。故用after。
15.B 结合文意可知,此处是说,饭后喝一些热饮有助于胃更好地消化食物。故用better。
16.D 由设空前的"去市场"可知,此处是说,挑选出你喜欢的水果。故用pick out。
17.C 结合文意可知,此处是说,姜有助于你保持凉爽和健康。故用stay。
18.A 由设空前的"在夏季,细菌生长得很快"可知,此处是说,细菌使食物很快变质。quickly 快速地,符合文意。故选A。
19.C 结合文意可知,此处是说,要吃干净、新鲜的食物。
20.A 此处是说,把食物放进冰箱里。in 在……内,符合文意。故选A。
三、阅读理解
【A篇短文大意】 本文是一首关于四季的诗歌。
21.D 细节理解题。根据单词的读音以及押韵原则可知选D。
22.C 细节理解题。根据诗中关于夏天的描述可知C项没有被提及,故选C。
23.D 推理判断题。根据设空前的"Days are short"可推知选D。
【B篇短文大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了关于冬眠的一些发现,这些发现可能有助于解决已经困扰人类几个世纪的健康问题。
24.B 段落大意题。根据第二段"During hibernation, an animal's heartbeat and breathing slow down. That can save energy when there's little food in the winter months"可知,在冬眠期间,动物的心跳减慢,呼吸减缓;在冬天食物很少的时候,这可以节省能量。本段是在介绍冬眠是什么。故选B。
25.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的"It turned out that the surgery caused less damage to the mice during their hibernation"可知,结果证明,这些手术在冬眠期间对老鼠造成的损害较小。故选D。
26.D 推理判断题。根据第五段中的"Some studies on bats and rabbits showed that, during hibernation, their bodies aged more slowly. This also provides new ideas for making humans live longer in the future"可知,在冬眠期间,蝙蝠和兔子的身体衰老得更慢,这也为在未来让人类活得更久提供了新的想法。选项D"人们可能在将来通过冬眠来延缓衰老"符合Rachel Howard的想法。故选D。
27.C 观点态度题。根据最后一段"Such promising findings may help solve health problems that have troubled humans for centuries"可知,这些前景很好的发现可能有助于解决已经困扰了人类几个世纪的健康问题。由此可推测作者对有关冬眠的发现持积极态度。故选C。
28.C 主旨大意题。根据最后一段"Such promising findings may help solve health problems that have troubled humans for centuries"并结合全文可知,本文主要分享了一些关于冬眠的发现,这些发现可能有助于解决人类的一些健康问题,由此可推测作者的目的是分享关于冬眠的发现。故选C。
【C篇短文大意】 本文主要介绍了如今人类找到了不同的方法来控制天气。
29.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的"It is done by spreading chemicals like dry ice or silver iodide(碘化银) inside clouds, either by rocket or airplane"可知选C。
30.D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,云催化能控制降雨量、降雨时间以及降雨区域,故选D。
31.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的"China used cloud seeding in Beijing just before the 2008 Olympic Games in order to stop rain from falling during the event"可知,使用该技术的目的是在奥运会期间保持干燥。故选B。
32.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的"silver iodide may be bad for the environment"可知,云催化可能对环境有害,故选B。
【D篇短文大意】 本文主要介绍了一项研究。该研究表明,人的性情和出生的季节有关。
33.B 细节理解题。由第一段中的最后两句可知选B。
34.A 词义猜测题。由画线词后的"which might easily drive them to cry"可推知,depression与sadness意思相近,故选A。
35.C 推理判断题。结合上下文可知,此处应填入C项"这些化学物质是如何影响情绪的 "故选C。
36.C 细节理解题。由第二段的第一句可知C项的表述与文意不符,故选C。
四、任务型阅读
【短文大意】 本文主要对"autumn"和"fall"这两个单词表示秋天的文化渊源作出了解释。
37—41 DABEC
五、书面表达
One possible version:
My favourite season
My favourite season is spring. Spring is a lovely season. When spring comes, it is warm and windy. The flowers and grass come out, and the trees turn green. Children go out of the house in their beautiful clothes. There are many butterflies and bees over the flowers. The butterflies are dancing and the bees are singing. Everything seems beautiful. How beautiful spring is!
I enjoy flying kites and taking a trip in spring. I also make the whole year's plan in this season. As the saying goes, spring is the best time to do the year's work. I hope I can gain much in the first season of the year!
Spring is a poem. Spring is a song. I love spring.
一、单项选择(共10小题,计10分)
( )1.I caught bad cold because of shower last night.
A. a; the B. a; a C. the; the D. the; a
( )2.Rivers and lakes in Guangzhou are seldom frozen in winter as the temperature often stays zero.
A. up B. down C. above D. below
( )3.Lucy has got a high . I think she should exercise to boost immunity(增强免疫力).
A. cough B. toothache C. cold D. fever
( )4.(2023·北京师范大学附属实验中学期中改编)Jerry stayed up late last night. No wonder he was in the class.
A. sleepy B. asleep C. cheerful D. active
( )5.(2023·福建三明模拟改编)—Now shared bicycles are in our city.
—Yes, and we should use them properly.
A. nowhere B. anytime
C. sometime D. everywhere
( )6.—Driving after drinking wine is really a bad habit.
—That's true. Every year, it a lot of traffic accidents.
A. happens B. causes C. provides D. stops
( )7.(2023·武汉武珞路中学期中改编)—Harry seems ill.I'm afraid we have to send him to hospital at once.
—Maybe he's just got a cold, so I don't think it matters.
A. a bit B. a bit of C. a few D. a little bit
( )8.—I got into a fight with my deskmate last week.
—Try to solve it actively, or the relationship will get worse time goes on.
A. as B. when C. and D. but
( )9.Which of the following sentences has the same structure(结构) as "Farmers harvest crops."
A. The music sounds terrible. B. They listened carefully.
C. Hobo built Eddie a tent. D. They covered the sun.
( )10.—The weather report says we will have a sunny day tomorrow.
— . I'm going to visit the local museum with my classmates.
A. I'm sorry B. I hope so C. Have a nice trip D. Sounds terrible
二、完形填空(共10小题,计15分)
What's the best thing to eat on a hot summer day Your answer may be ice cream. But 11 before you eat. If you are 12 after playing sports, it's not the best time to eat ice cream, because it may give your stomach some 13 , and you could have diarrhea(腹泻). Then you'll have to go to see the doctor. You can eat some ice cream 14 you cool down.
Drink something hot after dinner, and your stomach will digest (消化) the food 15 . If you love fruit, summer is a great time for you. Go to the market and 16 the fruit you like. Also, try to eat more ginger(姜). It will help you 17 cool and healthy.
In summer, bacteria(细菌) grow very fast and make food go bad 18 . Always eat 19 and fresh food. If you can't finish your food and want to eat it again the next day, make sure you heat it enough to kill the bacteria in it. And when you put food 20 the fridge, be sure to keep the cooked food away from the uncooked food. This is good for your health.
( )11.A. look B. stand C. sit D. think
( )12.A. healthy B. hot C. cool D. strong
( )13.A. questions B. answers
C. problems D. points
( )14.A. before B. after C. because D. though
( )15.A. slower B. better C. cooler D. more
( )16.A. set off B. take up
C. eat up D. pick out
( )17.A. have B. make C. stay D. turn
( )18.A. quickly B. slowly C. clearly D. happily
( )19.A. wet B. dry C. clean D. warm
( )20.A. in B. on C. behind D. under
三、阅读理解(共16小题,计40分)
A(2022·河北石家庄外国语学校期中改编)
Spring to Winter
Buds and shoots are pushing up,
Flowers opening to the sun,
Bright green freshness everywhere,
Lambs and ducklings having fun.
Kites are flying in the wind.
Sudden showers make us run.
These are things that tell us when
Spring's here again.
Days that last a long, long time,
Children swimming in the sea,
Ice cream in the hot bright sun,
Shining leaves on every tree.
There's no school so every day
All my friends can play with me.
These are things that tell us when
Summer's here again.Leaves are falling on the ground.
All the trees drop their disguise (伪装).
Squirrels gather up their nuts.
Sleepy creatures close their eyes.
Days are short: .
These are things that tell us when
Autumn's here again.
Stars like snowflakes in the sky.
Robins(知更鸟) sit in leafless trees.
All the children wish for snow,
Waiting for the lakes to freeze.
Cheeks and noses turn bright red.
Many people start to run.
These are things that tell us when
Winter's here again.
( )21.In the poem "sun" rhymes(和……押韵) with "fun". Which two words of the following rhyme with each other
A. "Wind" and "sneeze". B. "Time" and "sea".
C. "Nuts" and "eyes". D. "Trees" and "freeze".
( )22.What is NOT mentioned(提到) to describe summer in this poem
A. Longer days. B. Swimming children.
C. Quiet streams. D. Weeks of no school.
( )23.Which of the following can we put in the blank(空格)
A. farmers work to harvest crops
B. the garden pond begins to freeze
C. the temperature drops and the birds fly south
D. afternoons and mornings have much darker skies
B(2023·河南郑州外国语中学模拟改编)
With the days getting colder, you may want to turn into a bear and sleep through the whole winter. Actually, scientists are looking for ways to let humans hibernate(冬眠), too!
During hibernation, an animal's heartbeat and breathing slow down. That can save energy when there's little food in the winter months.
Japanese researchers have found the secret behind hibernation—the "Q neurons(神经元)". These neurons in animals' brains can put them into a hibernation condition. The researchers also did surgery (外科手术) after turning on the mice's "Q neurons". It turned out that the surgery caused less damage to the mice during their hibernation.
According to the team, humans' "Q neurons" cannot be turned on and off as easily as the mice's. But they are confident of copying the mice's hibernation in humans. That means we could let people in surgery "hibernate", causing less damage to their bodies. Another study on monkeys also showed that hibernation could help clean out the brain parts that are related to Alzheimer's(阿尔茨海默病) in humans. Scientists hope to design medicines for humans based on this finding.
Some studies on bats and rabbits showed that, during hibernation, their bodies aged more slowly. This also provides new ideas for making humans live longer in the future, according to Rachel Howard, a leading reporter in New Scientist magazine.
Such promising findings may help solve health problems that have troubled humans for centuries.
( )24.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A. Why animals hibernate.
B. What hibernation is.
C. Where animals hibernate.
D. What is needed for hibernation.
( )25.What have Japanese researchers found
A. It's hard to turn on the mice's "Q neurons".
B. Doing surgery on mice's "Q neurons" is difficult.
C. Humans don't have "Q neurons" as mice do.
D. Doing surgery in the hibernation state is less harmful to mice.
( )26.Which idea will Rachel Howard most likely agree with
A. People can hibernate whenever they like in the future.
B. Hibernation is a medicine for many serious diseases.
C. Bats and rabbits live longer than humans in hibernation.
D. People may hibernate to slow down aging in the future.
( )27. [中考创新考法|观点态度题]What's the author's attitude towards the findings of hibernation
A.B.C.D.
( )28.What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage
A. To show our achievements in surgery.
B. To present a new way of doing surgery.
C. To share the findings on hibernation.
D. To introduce what hibernation is.
C
Mark Twain once said, "Everyone talks about the weather, but no one ever does anything about it." This was true in his day. But it may not be the case in today's world. In fact, humans have found many different ways to control the weather.
Cloud seeding(云催化) is a kind of technology that controls rain. It is done by spreading chemicals like dry ice or silver iodide(碘化银) inside clouds, either by rocket or airplane. This changes the amount of rain, the time when it rains and even the place where it rains.
This technology has helped to solve droughts. It has also played a key role during important events. For example, China used cloud seeding in Beijing just before the 2008 Olympic Games in order to stop rain from falling during the event.
However, scientists are still debating how to use this technology. On the one hand, it is believed that it might have side effects. For example, silver iodide may be bad for the environment. On the other hand, no two clouds are the same, so every new experiment brings new conditions.
In addition to controlling rain, scientists have also tried to find ways to weaken storms and hurricanes(飓风). Scientists at the US National Hurricane Center think it might be possible to control hurricanes by using lasers(激光). Others believe that burning petroleum(石油) in a hurricane's path could slow the storms down.
( )29.Cloud seeding works by spreading inside clouds.
A. rockets B. airplanes C. chemicals D. water
( )30.Cloud seeding can't control .
A. how much it rains B. when it rains
C. where it rains D. its side effects
( )31.China used this technology before the 2008 Olympic Games in order to .
A. solve the problem of droughts
B. keep it dry during the Olympic Games
C. keep it rainy during the Olympic Games
D. show the technology of cloud seeding
( )32.What can we learn from the story
A. Mark Twain liked to talk about the weather.
B. Cloud seeding may not be environmentally friendly.
C. All scientists have welcomed the cloud seeding technology.
D. Cloud seeding can be used to control storms.
D
Are you a happy person most of the time Or do you easily get angry sometimes Everyone has a different temperament(性情).It is usually believed that both genes(基因) and the environment may affect people's temperaments in different ways. But now scientists have found that the season of birth also plays a role.
Scientists from Budapest, Hungary, studied 400 university students. In the study, the students needed to finish a questionnaire(问卷).The purpose of it was to find out which of the four kinds of temperaments they had. From the questionnaire, scientists found that the students always answered something like "My mood often changes for no reason." and "I love to deal with new projects, even if they're risky." These answers were then matched with their birthdays.
They discovered that people born in summer easily changed between sad and happy moods compared to people born in winter. Those who always felt positive were mostly born in spring and summer.
The study also found that those born in autumn less probably had a mood of depression, which might easily drive them to cry, while those born in winter were not easier to be angry.
Scientists said that this was probably because the seasons had an influence on certain chemicals in the human's body. And the chemicals were important to control people's moods even in adults' lives.
"It seems that when you are born may increase or decrease your chance of developing certain mood disorders(紊乱),"the lead scientist Xenia Gonda told The Telegraph.
( )33.What probably can't affect people's temperaments according to Paragraph 1
A. Genes. B. Ages.
C. The season of birth. D. The environment.
( )34.What does the underlined word "depression" most probably mean
A. Sadness. B. Happiness.
C. Surprise. D. Excitement.
( )35.What will the writer most probably write about in the blank
A. How many kinds of moods are there
B. What can change the human's body most
C. How can the chemicals affect the moods
D. Why will the students continue their study
( )36.Which of the following sentences is NOT true according to the passage
A. People born in summer change their moods more easily.
B. The season of birth has an influence on humans' moods.
C. There were 400 middle school students taking part in the study.
D. The answers to the questionnaire were matched with the students' birthdays.
四、任务型阅读(共5小题,计10分)
September is the start of a new season—but where you are and who you are decide what you call that season. In the UK, people will tell you it's "autumn". However, cross the Atlantic(大西洋) and you'll find that people use both "fall" and "autumn" when talking about this time of year. In the English language, the season has two popular names. 37.
It seems that the word "autumn" came earlier than "fall", but in fact "fall" isn't a modern name.
38. , the season didn't have a common(普遍的) name. The main thing people did before winter was staying with each other and preserving(保存) crops, so they called this period "harvest" in old English.
Then, in the 1500s, more and more people began moving into cities. 39.. Without farming, the word "harvest" became less useful to people living in cities. Some English speakers needed a different name for the season. They found leaves fell off the trees during that season. 40. .
But by the end of the 1600s, the French word "autompne" and the Latin word "autumnus" had come into the English language and overtaken(超过) "fall", so people began to use "autumn" for the harvest time. At the same time, British people arrived in North America and changed the language there by bringing the words "fall" and "autumn" with them. 41. .
根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。
A. Before the words "fall" and "autumn" appeared in the lexicon(词汇表)
B. They gave up farming and left the countryside
C. Today, using both words to call the season is more popular in America than in Britain
D. Why does it have to be like that
E. So people called it "the fall of the leaf", or "fall" for short
五、(2023·杭州期末)书面表达(共1题,计25分)
大自然赋予了我们美好的四季,每个季节都有不同的特点。树人学校英文杂志社正在举办以"My favourite season"为题的征文活动,请你写一篇英语作文,描述你最喜欢的季节,向杂志社投稿。
要求:1.覆盖要点,可适当发挥;
2.文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。
My favourite season
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参考答案
一、单项选择
1.A 考查冠词。句意:因为昨晚的阵雨,我得了重感冒。catch a bad cold得重感冒,故第一空用a;第二空特指"昨晚的阵雨",故用the。故选A。
2.C 考查介词词义辨析。表示温度"高于……"应用above,表示温度"低于……"应用below。根据题意可知,在广州河流和湖泊在冬天很少结冰,故应用above。
3.D 考查名词词义辨析。cough咳嗽;toothache牙痛;cold感冒;fever发烧。根据题干中的"she should exercise to boost immunity(增强免疫力)"可知,Lucy发高烧了,get a high fever意为"发高烧"。故选D。
4.A 考查形容词词义辨析。根据题干中的"Jerry stayed up late last night"可知,此处是说难怪他在课堂上那么困。故选A。
5.D 考查副词词义辨析。根据题干中的"Yes, and we should use them properly"可知,此处是说现在共享单车到处都是。故用everywhere。
6.B 考查动词词义辨析。根据上句"酒后驾车真的是一个坏习惯"可知,此处是说每年酒后驾车都引起许多交通事故。happen发生;cause引起;provide提供;stop阻止,停止。结合语境可知选B。
7.B 考查短语辨析。a bit稍微,有点儿,修饰形容词或副词;a bit of一点,少量,a bit of a意为"有点儿……";a few一些,修饰可数名词复数;a little bit相当于a bit。结合设空后的a cold可知选B。
8.A 考查连词的用法。as time goes on "随着时间的推移",故选A。
9.D 考查基本句型。题干中给出的句子的结构为"S+V+O"。A项句子结构为"S+V+P";B项句子结构为"S+V";C项句子结构为"S+V+IO+DO";D项句子结构为"S+V+O"。故选D。
10.B 考查情景交际。根据题干中的"我打算和我的同班同学一起去参观当地的博物馆"并结合选项可知,设空处应表示"我希望如此"。故选B。
二、完形填空
【短文大意】 本文主要告诉我们如何在夏季吃得安全、健康。
11.D 由下文可知,此处是说,吃前要思考。故用think。
12.B 由设空后的"做完运动之后"可知,此处是说,如果你感到热。故用hot。
13.C 由设空后的"你可能会腹泻"可知,此处是说,冰激凌可能会给你的胃带来一些问题。故用problems。
14.B 由上文可知,此处是说,你可以在身体凉下来之后吃冰激凌。故用after。
15.B 结合文意可知,此处是说,饭后喝一些热饮有助于胃更好地消化食物。故用better。
16.D 由设空前的"去市场"可知,此处是说,挑选出你喜欢的水果。故用pick out。
17.C 结合文意可知,此处是说,姜有助于你保持凉爽和健康。故用stay。
18.A 由设空前的"在夏季,细菌生长得很快"可知,此处是说,细菌使食物很快变质。quickly 快速地,符合文意。故选A。
19.C 结合文意可知,此处是说,要吃干净、新鲜的食物。
20.A 此处是说,把食物放进冰箱里。in 在……内,符合文意。故选A。
三、阅读理解
【A篇短文大意】 本文是一首关于四季的诗歌。
21.D 细节理解题。根据单词的读音以及押韵原则可知选D。
22.C 细节理解题。根据诗中关于夏天的描述可知C项没有被提及,故选C。
23.D 推理判断题。根据设空前的"Days are short"可推知选D。
【B篇短文大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了关于冬眠的一些发现,这些发现可能有助于解决已经困扰人类几个世纪的健康问题。
24.B 段落大意题。根据第二段"During hibernation, an animal's heartbeat and breathing slow down. That can save energy when there's little food in the winter months"可知,在冬眠期间,动物的心跳减慢,呼吸减缓;在冬天食物很少的时候,这可以节省能量。本段是在介绍冬眠是什么。故选B。
25.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的"It turned out that the surgery caused less damage to the mice during their hibernation"可知,结果证明,这些手术在冬眠期间对老鼠造成的损害较小。故选D。
26.D 推理判断题。根据第五段中的"Some studies on bats and rabbits showed that, during hibernation, their bodies aged more slowly. This also provides new ideas for making humans live longer in the future"可知,在冬眠期间,蝙蝠和兔子的身体衰老得更慢,这也为在未来让人类活得更久提供了新的想法。选项D"人们可能在将来通过冬眠来延缓衰老"符合Rachel Howard的想法。故选D。
27.C 观点态度题。根据最后一段"Such promising findings may help solve health problems that have troubled humans for centuries"可知,这些前景很好的发现可能有助于解决已经困扰了人类几个世纪的健康问题。由此可推测作者对有关冬眠的发现持积极态度。故选C。
28.C 主旨大意题。根据最后一段"Such promising findings may help solve health problems that have troubled humans for centuries"并结合全文可知,本文主要分享了一些关于冬眠的发现,这些发现可能有助于解决人类的一些健康问题,由此可推测作者的目的是分享关于冬眠的发现。故选C。
【C篇短文大意】 本文主要介绍了如今人类找到了不同的方法来控制天气。
29.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的"It is done by spreading chemicals like dry ice or silver iodide(碘化银) inside clouds, either by rocket or airplane"可知选C。
30.D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,云催化能控制降雨量、降雨时间以及降雨区域,故选D。
31.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的"China used cloud seeding in Beijing just before the 2008 Olympic Games in order to stop rain from falling during the event"可知,使用该技术的目的是在奥运会期间保持干燥。故选B。
32.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的"silver iodide may be bad for the environment"可知,云催化可能对环境有害,故选B。
【D篇短文大意】 本文主要介绍了一项研究。该研究表明,人的性情和出生的季节有关。
33.B 细节理解题。由第一段中的最后两句可知选B。
34.A 词义猜测题。由画线词后的"which might easily drive them to cry"可推知,depression与sadness意思相近,故选A。
35.C 推理判断题。结合上下文可知,此处应填入C项"这些化学物质是如何影响情绪的 "故选C。
36.C 细节理解题。由第二段的第一句可知C项的表述与文意不符,故选C。
四、任务型阅读
【短文大意】 本文主要对"autumn"和"fall"这两个单词表示秋天的文化渊源作出了解释。
37—41 DABEC
五、书面表达
One possible version:
My favourite season
My favourite season is spring. Spring is a lovely season. When spring comes, it is warm and windy. The flowers and grass come out, and the trees turn green. Children go out of the house in their beautiful clothes. There are many butterflies and bees over the flowers. The butterflies are dancing and the bees are singing. Everything seems beautiful. How beautiful spring is!
I enjoy flying kites and taking a trip in spring. I also make the whole year's plan in this season. As the saying goes, spring is the best time to do the year's work. I hope I can gain much in the first season of the year!
Spring is a poem. Spring is a song. I love spring.