(共30张PPT)
第25讲 冠词
知识建构
第25讲 冠词
要点梳理
冠词本身是虚词,不能单独作句子的成分,冠词的作用是放在名词
前来帮助说明名词所指的含义。纵观近几年全国各地的中考试题,大多
数都考到了冠词,其考试形式一般以单项选择题出现,或在完形填空中
出现。冠词分为不定冠词(a, an)和定冠词(the)两大类。在很多场
合中,我们还会看到零冠词的提法。所谓零冠词就是不用冠词。冠词的
用法如下表所示:
类别 用 法 例 句(词)
不定 冠词a 和an 1. 表示“一个”的概念,但数的 概念没有one强 Miss Black bought a dictionary
yesterday.
An apple a day keeps the
doctor away.
2. 指某人或某物,但又不具体 指哪个人或哪个物 A reporter wants to see you.
Could you lend me a
storybook
3. 表示一类人或事物 An elephant is bigger than a
horse.
A car runs faster than a bus.
类别 用 法 例 句(词)
不定 冠词a 和an 4. 用在某些固定的搭配中 a few, a bit, a little, a lot
of, a number of
注意:a用于以辅音音素开头的 单词之前;而an则用于以元音 音素开头的单词之前 Mr. Green is a university
teacher.
It took me an hour to finish
the work.
定冠 词the 1. 特指某些人或某事物 The man in blue is my uncle.
Beijing is the capital of China.
续表
类别 用 法 例 句(词)
定冠 词the 2. 指上文提到过的人或事物 There is a book on the desk.
The book is mine.
3. 指双方都知道的人或事物 Pass me the pen, please.
4. 用在世界上或在一定的范围 内独一无二的事物前 The moon goes round the
earth.
The sky is always blue here.
5. 用在序数词、形容词最高级 以及方位名词前 the first, the most beautiful, in
the middle, in the north, in the
west, in the east
续表
类别 用 法 例 句(词)
定冠 词the 6. 用在西洋乐器名词前 She often plays the piano in
the evening.
7. 用在复数姓氏前,表示一家 人 the Greens, the Smiths
8. “the +形容词”可以用来表示 某一类人 the old, the young, the rich,
the poor
9. 用在由普通名词构成的专有 名词前 the Great Wall, the Summer
Palace
续表
类别 用 法 例 句(词)
定冠 词the 10. 用在表示江河、湖泊、海 洋、山脉、群岛等的名词前 the Yellow River, the Pacific
Ocean, the West Lake
11. 用在一些习惯用语中 in the morning, by the way
12. 用在same的前面 in the same class, the same...as
13. 用在逢十的复数数词前,表 示年代 He went abroad in the 1970s.
14. 用在单数名词前表示一类人 或物,强调整个类别 The pear is a kind of fruit.
The horse is a useful animal.
续表
类别 用 法 例 句(词)
零冠 词 1. 用在人名、地名、大部分的 国家名等专有名词前 Susan, Hong Kong, Beijing,
China, America, England,
Russia
2. 用在不可数名词前 Water is very important for us.
3. 名词前已经有this, that, my, your, some, any等指示代词、 物主代词或不定代词修饰时 Look at this map.
That is my schoolbag.
May I ask you some
questions
续表
类别 用 法 例 句(词)
零冠 词 4. 用在一日三餐、学科和球类 运动的名词前 Jim often has breakfast at
home.
Do you enjoy playing football
English is my favourite
subject.
5. 用在节日、星期、月份、季 节名词前 Teachers’ Day, on Sunday, in
June, in winter
6. 用在称呼或表示头衔的名词 前 Miss Li, Uncle Wang, Dad,
Mum, Chairman Mao
续表
类别 用 法 例 句(词)
零冠 词 7. 用在某些固定搭配中 on foot, in bed, at work, at
last, at home, in time, at
night, at noon, by bus
8. 注意:下列情况应加冠词 (1)具体指某一个物品时; (2)表示三餐的名词前有形容 词修饰时; (3)特指某一年的某个季节时 Where is the basketball
They had a quick breakfast.
in the autumn of 2023
续表
第25讲 冠词
典例精析
例1 (2023年吉林省中考题)Jenny ordered a hamburger and ___
hamburger was nice.
C
A.a B.an C.the
【解析】第一次提到某物用a或an表示泛指,后面再次提到时用the表示特指。第二设空处后的hamburger是再次提到,所以用定冠词the。句意:珍妮点了一个汉堡包,这个汉堡包很好吃。故答案为C。
例2 (2023年黑龙江龙东地区中考题) —The sun is shining, and
you’d better take ________ umbrella when you go out.
—OK. It’s ________ useful suggestion.( )
C
A.an; the B.a; an C.an; a
【解析】单词useful虽然是u开头,但它发/ju/的音,为辅音,所以其前面用不定冠词a。句意:——阳光明媚,你出去的时候最好带把伞。——好的。这是一个有用的建议。故答案为C。
例3 (2023年黑龙江绥化市中考题)Bob is my brother. He likes
playing ________ basketball, but he doesn’t like playing ________
piano.( )
B
A.the; a B.\; the C.an; the
【解析】“play+球类”表示 “打(踢)某种球”,球类运动名词前不用冠词;“play+西洋乐器”表示“演奏……”,西洋乐器名词前需加定冠词the。句意:鲍勃是我的兄弟。他喜欢打篮球,但不喜欢弹钢琴。故答案为B。
例4 (2022年广西河池市中考题) It’s a nice day today!Let’s go for
___ walk.
A
A.a B.an C.the D.\
【解析】go for a walk意为“去散步”,是固定搭配,walk是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以其前用不定冠词a。句意:今天天气真好!我们去散步吧。故答案为A。
例5 (2022年江苏镇江市中考题)The 2022 Winter Olympics impressed
me a lot, and ___ moment Xu Mengtao won the gold medal moved
me the most.
C
A.a B.an C.the D.\
【解析】名词若有后置定语或定语从句修饰,该名词前用定冠词the。此句中的名词moment被“Xu Mengtao won the gold medal”这个句子限定,特指徐梦桃夺得金牌的那一刻,所以应在其前面加定冠词the。故答案为C。
例6 (2022年四川自贡市中考题)—What’s the most important
tradition in a Chinese family
—We must care for ___ old.
B
A.An B.the C.\
【解析】“the+形容词”表示一类人。the old意为“老人”。句意:——中国家庭最重要的传统是什么?——我们必须照顾老人。故答案为B。
例7 (2022年江苏扬州市中考题)China has helped end 70% of
poverty worldwide since________ late 1970s, according to ________
World Bank.( )
B
A.a; a B.the; the C.a; the D.the; a
【解析】第一设空处,“the+年份复数”表示“在几世纪几十年代”,要用定冠词the;第二设空处,World Bank意为“世界银行”,是专用名词,前面要加定冠词the。句意:根据世界银行的数据显示,自20世纪70年代末以来,中国已经帮助全球70%的贫困人口消除了贫困。故答案为B。
第25讲 冠词
第25讲备考练习(冠词)
区外中考演练
1.(2023年四川成都市中考题)The 31st Summer Universiade (大运会)
is ________ big event for Chengdu.( )
A
A.a B.an C.the
2.(2023年辽宁沈阳市中考题)The spirit of Lei Feng always
encourages us to give ________ hand to others.( )
A
A.a B.an C.the D.\
【解析】give a hand to sb. “帮某人一把”,是固定搭配。
3.(2023年山东菏泽市中考题)—Is this your pen
—No, it isn’t. ________ red one is mine.( )
C
A.A B.An C.The
4.(2023年江苏宿迁市中考题)—Betty began to play ________ violin
at the age of four.
—No wonder she plays so well.( )
C
A.a B.an C.the D.\
5.(2023年山东东营市中考题)After taking ________class from
Tiangong space station on October 12th, 2022, I became interested in
science.( )
C
A.a B.an C.the D.\
6.(2023年天津市中考题)My mother is making ________ apple pie
and I want to try ________ piece.( )
C
A.a; an B.a; \ C.an; a D.an; \
7.(2023年湖北十堰市中考题)—Do you know Journey to the West
—Yes. It’s ________ interesting book. I like it very much.( )
B
A.a B.an C.the D.\
8.(2023年甘肃白银市中考题)There are 60 minutes in ________
hour.( )
B
A.a B.an C.the D.\
9.(2023年湖南郴州市中考题)—I’d like to help kids with their
schoolwork.
—You could volunteer in ________ after-school study program to teach
them.( )
B
A.the B.an C.a
10.(2023年山东滨州市中考题)—What do you think of the guide
book Lonely Planet
—Oh, it is really ________ useful one. You can always find ________
information you need while traveling.( )
C
A.a; a B.an; an C.a; the D.an; the
11.(2023年黑龙江齐齐哈尔市中考题)Tracy, ________ exchange
student from Norway, is ________ university student in Heilongjiang
now.( )
C
A.a; an B.an; the C.an; a
12.(2023年湖南益阳市中考题)—Shall we play ________ soccer this
afternoon
—Sounds good, but I don’t have ________ soccer.( )
C
A.the; a B.a; the C.\; a
13.(2023年湖南邵阳市中考题)—Hi, Wang Li, who is Miss Deng
—Miss Deng is ________ nice teacher and she is very popular in our
school.( )
A
A.a B.an C.\
14.(2023年江苏南通市中考题)As a student in modern China,
everybody should work hard to live ________ meaningful life.( )
A
A.a B.an C.the D.\
15.(2023年吉林长春市中考题)James is ________ hard-working
engineer. His spirit encourages us.( )
A
A.a B.an C.the D.\
16.(2023年山东青岛市中考题)I watched The Wandering Earth Ⅱ
last night. It is ________ wonderful film.( )
A
A.a B.an C.the D.\
17.(2023年湖南怀化市中考题)The C919 is ________ large plane
made by China.( )
A
A.a B.an C.the