2024年中考复习英语专题突破第31讲 连词 课件 (共49张PPT)

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名称 2024年中考复习英语专题突破第31讲 连词 课件 (共49张PPT)
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(共49张PPT)
第31讲 连词
知识建构
第31讲 连词
要点梳理
连词是用来连接单词、短语或句子的词,它在句中不能单独作为句
子的成分。根据其在句中所起的作用,连词主要可以分为并列连词和从
属连词两大类。
一、并列连词
并列连词表示并列关系或选择关系,有些还可以表示转折关系和因
果关系。
1.表示并列关系的连词有and(和, 同), both...and...(……和……
都), neither...nor...(既不……也不……), not only...but also...(不
但……而且……)等。
2.表示转折关系的连词有but, while, or, yet。
3.表示选择关系的连词有or, either...or。
4.表示因果关系的连词有so, for, then。
二、从属连词
从属连词用来连接各种状语从句及宾语从句。
1.引导时间状语从句的连词有when, while, before, after, until, since,
as soon as。
2.引导条件状语从句的连词有if, unless。
3.引导原因状语从句的连词有because, as, since。
4.引导目的状语从句的连词有 so that, in order that。
5.引导结果状语从句的连词有so...that, such...that。
6.引导比较状语从句的连词有than, as...as, not...so/as...as。
7.引导让步状语从句的连词有although, though, even if。
8.引导地点状语从句的连词有where, wherever。
9.引导宾语从句的连词有that, if(是否),whether。
三、一些常用连词的辨析
见下表:
序号 相似连词 辨 析 例 句
1 if,whether 意为“是否”,引导宾语从 句,常可互换使用 Do you know
if/whether our teacher
will come to the
party
在介词之后、动词不定 式之前或在or not之前, 只用whether I can’t decide whether
to go or not.
序号 相似连词 辨 析 例 句
1 if,whether if还意为“如果”,引导条 件状语从句 If Joan comes, I’ll tell
you as soon as
possible.
2 when, while,as 三者意为“当……时”,引 导时间状语从句,表示 一段时间时可以互换使 用(从句动词为持续性 动词) When/While/As we
were looking for her
watch, she just stood
there.
续表
序号 相似连词 辨 析 例 句
2 when, while,as 表示时间点时,when和 as可互换使用(从句动词 为终止性动词) Dad was having
supper when/as I got
home.
如果when在意义上与 before或after相当,则不 用while, as The film had begun
when we arrived.
续表
序号 相似连词 辨 析 例 句
3 because 意为“因为”,because从 句构成句子的主要部 分,表示从句与主句之 间有必然的因果关系, 可回答why引导的问句 Mary missed the train
because she got up
late.
—Why can’t you do
that today
—Because I’m busy.
续表
序号 相似连词 辨 析 例 句
3 since, as since意为“既然”,常用于 书面语中;as意为“由 于”,常用于口语中,表 示对方已知的、较明显 的原因 Since/As you live near
the park, you can
often go for a walk in
it.
续表
序号 相似连词 辨 析 例 句
3 for 上述三个词均为从属连 词,而for是并列连词, for分句只位于句末,前 面有逗号,该分句是对 前一分句所述情况作推 测性的说明、解释 It’s going to rain, for
there is much cloud in
the sky.
续表
序号 相似连词 辨 析 例 句
4 so...that... so为副词,修饰形容词或 副词 I’m so tired that I
can’t walk any farther.
He runs so fast that
nobody can catch up
with him.
“so+形容词”后也可跟单 数可数名词 He is so tall a boy
that he is good at
basketball.
续表
序号 相似连词 辨 析 例 句
4 so...that... 如果名词前有形容词 many, much, few, little等 修饰,用so。注意:little 作为“少”修饰名词时,前 面只能用so修饰;作为 “小”修饰名词时,通常用 such There are so many
people in the room
that it is very noisy.
She receives so little
education.
She is such a little
girl.
续表
序号 相似连词 辨 析 例 句
4 such...that... such为形容词,修饰名词 It was such a warm
day that we all went
swimming.
续表
四、使用连词时的注意事项
1.谓语动词与最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致的原则。
“neither...nor...” “either...or...” “not only...but also...”等连接的两部分是并
列关系,当这两部分充当主语时,其谓语动词要与最靠近的那个主语保
持一致。例如:“Neither he nor I __________ from Canada.”,此句中
有两个并列主语he和I,其谓语动词要与紧靠的I在人称和数上保持一致,
所以横线处谓语动词要填am。
2.because, so, though, although, but的单一使用原则。在汉语中,
表示因果关系的句子,常用关联词“因为……所以……”;但在英语中,
用了so就不再用because,或用了because就不能用so。在汉语中表示让步
关系时常用关联词“虽然/尽管……但是/可是……”。而在英语中,用
了though/although,就不再用but;或用了but,就不再用though/although。
3.在使用了从属连词连接的时间或条件状语从句里,表示将来的状
况用一般现在时的原则。例如:
I will go to visit my uncle if I have time tomorrow.(不用if I
will have time)
Please give this book to Tom when he comes back.(不用when he
will come back)
第31讲 连词
典例精析
例1 (2023年北京市中考题)It was difficult to climb the mountain,
___ Sam got to the top at last.
D
A.or B.so C.for D.but
【解析】or意为“或者”,表示选择,也可意为“要不然,否则”,表示结果;so“所以”,表示结果;for“因为”,表示原因; but“但是”,表示转折关系。结合语境可知,前一分句和后一分句是转折关系,所以用but。句意:爬那座山很困难,但萨姆最后还是爬到了山顶。故答案为D。
例2 (2023年黑龙江龙东地区中考题) Have a try, ___ you will
never know what you can achieve.
A
A.or B.and C.but
【解析】or意为“或者”,表示选择;意为“要不然,否则”时, or表示否定的条件。and意为“和”,表示顺承关系时,用于肯定句中。but意为“但是”,表示转折关系。分析题干可知,此处是“祈使句+and/or+简单句的结构”。根据上下文可知, 尝试一下是取得成就的条件,用or表示否定的条件。句意:尝试一下,否则你将永远不知道自己能取得什么成就。故答案为A。
例3 (2023年福建省中考题) ___ David has failed many times, he
is always full of hope for the future.
C
A.If B.When C.Though
【解析】if意为“是否”,引导宾语从句,意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句;when“当……时候”,引导时间状语从句,表示前后动作同步进行或先后发生,可与短暂性动词或延续性动词连用;though“虽然”,引导让步状语从句。根据上下文可知,前后句之间是一种让步关系,所以用though引导让步状语从句。句意:尽管大卫失败了很多次,但他总是对未来充满希望。故答案为C。
例4 (2023年辽宁抚顺市中考题)My parents won’t allow me to do
things I like ___ I finish my homework.
A.if B.but C.because D.unless
【解析】if意为“是否”,引导宾语从句;意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句。but“但是”,表示转折关系。because“因为”,引导原因状语从句。unless相当于“if...not”,意为“除非,如果不”,引导条件状语从句。后一分句“I finish my homework”是前一分句“My parents won’t allow me to do things I like”的否定条件,此处应用unless引导条件状语从句。句意:我的父母不允许我做我喜欢的事情,除非我完成我的家庭作业。故答案为D。
[答案] D
例5 (2023年山东青岛市中考题)My hometown has changed a lot
___ the subway was put into use.
B
A.unless B.since C.if D.when
【解析】unless“除非,如果不”,引导条件状语从句。since意为“自从……以来”,是引导时间状语从句的连词,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。if意为“是否”,引导宾语从句;意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句。when“当……时候”,引导时间状语从句。观察题干可知,从句用了一般过去时,主句用了现在完成时,所以用since引导时间状语从句。句意:自从地铁投入使用以来,我的家乡改变很大。故答案为B。
例6 (2023年辽宁本溪市、辽阳市、葫芦岛市中考题)It’s raining too
hard outside. We won’t leave ___ the rain stops.
D
A.if B.after C.when D.until
【解析】句意:外面雨下得太大了。雨停了我们才能离开。根据句意可知,应用until与not构成“not...until”结构,意为“直到……才……”。故答案为D。
例7 (2023年辽宁营口市中考题)It’s a pity that ________ my father
________ my mother has time to attend my school-leavers’
party.
A.either; or B.neither; nor
C.both; and D.not only; but also
【解析】“either...or”意为“要么……要么……、或者……或者……”;“neither...nor”意为“既不……也不……”;“both...and”意为“……和……都”;“not only...but also”意为“不但……而且……”。根据“It’s a pity” (那很遗憾)可知,父母亲都参加不了“我”的毕业晚会,应用连词“neither...nor”。句意:很遗憾,我的父亲和母亲都没有时间参加我的毕业晚会。故答案为B。
[答案] B
例8 (2023年河北省中考题)Lisa was busy taking notes ___ Mark
was giving a talk.
D
A.if B.unless C.until D.while
【解析】由前半句中的 was taking 与后半句中的was giving可知,表示两个过去的动作同时进行,所以应用 while 连接。句意:当马克在演讲时,丽莎正忙着记笔记。故答案为D。
例9 (2023年山东滨州市中考题)—I think I am the shyest in my
class. What should I do
—Be more active in class ___ you can improve your ability to
express yourself.
B
A.or B.so that C.unless D.although
【解析】根据上下文可知,后半句是前半句的结果,应用so that引导结果状语从句。句意:——我觉得我是班上最害羞的。我该怎么办?——在课堂上要更加活跃,这样你就能提高自我表达的能力。故答案为B。
例10 (2021年江苏南通市中考题)—Simon, we can save energy by
riding shared bicycles.
—That’s true. ___, using air conditioners less is also a good way.
D
A.However B.Otherwise C.Anyway D.Moreover
【解析】however “然而”;otherwise “否则;要不然”;anyway “无论如何”;moreover “而且”。根据题干语境可知,下文是补充上文节约能源还有哪种方法,所以此处moreover符合语境。句意:——西蒙,我们可以通过骑共享自行车来节约能源。——的确是这样。而且少用空调也是一个好办法。故答案为D。
例11 (2021年湖南岳阳市中考题)________ he is 72 years old,
________ he keeps running every day.
B
A.Although; but B.Although; \ C.But; \
【解析】在汉语中表示让步关系时,常用关联词“虽然/尽管……但是/可是……”。在英语中却不是这样,通常一个句子用了though/although,就不再用but;用了but,就不再用though/although。句意:虽然他已经72岁了,但他坚持每天跑步。故答案为B。
学习至此,请完成第31讲备考练习(第270页)
第31讲 连词
第31讲备考练习(连词)
区外中考演练
1.(2023年辽宁阜新市中考题)This T-shirt is very nice, ________ it
doesn’t look good on me.( )
A
A.but B.so C.and D.or
2.(2023年江苏扬州市中考题)Everyone will have to get out of their
houses ________ meet their neighbours.( )
A
A.and B.but C.or D.so
3.(2023年辽宁丹东市中考题)David, go to bed early, ________ you
will feel sleepy in class tomorrow.( )
C
A.and B.unless C.or D.but
4.(2023年河北省中考题)Hurry up, ________ you will miss the
beginning of the concert.( )
B
A.so B.or C.and D.but
5.(2023年云南省中考题)He has failed many times, ________ he
never loses heart.( )
B
A.and B.but C.or D.so
6.(2023年江西省中考题)Mary cut her knee badly, ________ she
didn’t cry.( )
A
A.but B.as C.so D.since
7.(2023年四川泸州市中考题)—Mum is too busy to make dinner for
us.
—Let’s do it ourselves, ________ we shouldn’t depend on our parents
too much.( )
B
A.so B.because C.but D.or
8.(2023年黑龙江哈尔滨市中考题)For our safety, we must keep away
from the tall buildings ________ the wind blows hard.( )
A
A.if B.although C.so
9.(2023年安徽省中考题)Our country will be much better for
everyone in future ________ we all do something to help now.( )
A
A.if B.before C.so that D.even though
10.(2023年四川乐山市中考题)Many people all over the world want
to climb Qomolongma each year, ________ it is very dangerous.( )
C
A.if B.while C.though
11.(2023年辽宁大连市中考题)History is my favorite subject
________ it’s very interesting.( )
D
A.if B.though C.when D.because
12.(2023年江苏泰州市中考题)The news Besides A and B, C
appears beautifully in the sky makes us excited ________ “C” is C919
from China, with many Jiangsu elements(元素).( )
A
A.because B.so C.though D.then
13.(2023年四川成都市中考题)________ you treat others with your
heart, you will get friendship in return.( )
A
A.If B.Until C.Unless
14.(2023年江苏宿迁市中考题)Miss Xu goes jogging in Huanghe
Park every morning ________ it rains.( )
A
A.unless B.till C.since D.as
15.(2023年江苏无锡市中考题)I will try my best to help you,
________ I don’t know what to start with yet.( )
C
A.whether B.since C.though D.until
16.(2023年湖北孝感市中考题)—How time flies! We’ll graduate from
middle school this weekend!
—________ we have to say goodbye, I will remember our friendship
forever.( )
B
A.Because B.Although C.Unless D.Until
17.(2023年辽宁沈阳市中考题)“Post-2000s” (00 后) have begun to
amaze the world ________ they are very young.( )
A
A.though B.if C.unless D.before
18.(2023年辽宁营口市中考题)It is necessary to ask your parents or
teachers for some advice ________ you make the final decision.( )
C
A.because B.unless C.before D.after
19.(2023年吉林长春市中考题)It is really dangerous ________ people
run the red traffic light.( )
A
A.if B.unless C.though D.until
20.(2023年江苏南通市中考题)________ you can’t work out the
problem, perhaps you need to ask your classmates for help.( )
C
A.Unless B.Though C.Since D.Whether
【解析】since意为“既然,由于”,引导原因状语从句。故选C。
21.(2023年江苏徐州市中考题)Let’s take the simple steps today
________ we will save the world for our grandsons and granddaughters
tomorrow.( )
C
A.unless B.until C.so that D.though
22.(2023年黑龙江牡丹江市中考题)Zhang Guimei once said,
“________ I’m alive, I will donate (献身) myself to
teaching.”( )
C
A.Even though B.As soon as C.As long as
23.(2023年黑龙江牡丹江市中考题)—Alice, I wonder ________ you
won the tug-of-war (拔河比赛) yesterday.
—Yeah! We pulled together and made it in the end.( )
C
A.what B.where C.whether
24.(2023年甘肃白银市中考题)Let’s wait ________ the rain
stops.( )
D
A.so B.while C.since D.until
25.(2023年天津市中考题)You should turn off the lights ________
you leave the room.( )
B
A.until B.before C.although D.so
26.(2023年黑龙江龙东地区中考题)I will never forget that car
accident ________ it happened so long ago.( )
C
A.until B.if C.even though
【解析】even though意为“尽管”,引导让步状语从句。
27.(2023年黑龙江绥化市中考题)—Could you tell me something
about Yuan Longping
—Yes, he’s called the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. He helped to save
________ China ________ the world from hunger.( )
C
A.neither; nor B.either; or C.not only; but also