2024届高考英语阅读写作素材之中国传统建筑——中式木雕&榫卯结构学案（含答案）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024届高考英语阅读写作素材之中国传统建筑——中式木雕&榫卯结构学案（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 35.7KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-20 19:11:28 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
高中英语阅读写作素材之中国传统文化
中国元素 中式木雕、榫卯结构（素材+时文阅读+语法填空）
第一部分 话题素材积累
中式木雕(Chinese woodcarving)
Chinese woodcarving art originated in the Neolithic period, and more than 7000 years ago, there were already wooden carvings in Hemudu, Yuyao, Zhejiang. The wood carving techniques of the Qin and Han dynasties tended to mature. The use of colored wood carving marks a significant level of ancient wood carving craftsmanship. The wood carving craft of the Tang Dynasty tended to be perfect.
中国木雕艺术起源于新石器时期，七千多年前的浙江余姚河姆渡已有木雕品。秦汉两代木雕工艺趋于成熟。施彩木雕标志着古代木雕工艺达到相当高的水平。唐代木雕工艺趋于完美。
Many preserved wooden Buddha statues are masterpieces of ancient Chinese art. Woodcarving can be divided into two categories: craft woodcarving and artistic woodcarving. Among them, craft wood carving can be divided into two types: ornamental and practical. After hundreds of years of development, the five major schools of thought, including Dongyang, Leqing, Fujian, Guangdong, and Zhongyuan, have each formed unique craft styles.
许多保存至今的木雕佛像，是中国古代艺术品中的杰作。木雕分工艺木雕和艺术木雕两大类。其中工艺木雕又可分为观赏性和实用性两种。经过数百年的发展，东阳、乐清、福建、广东、中原等五大流派各自形成独特的工艺风格。
Appreciation refers to the display and arrangement of artworks on tables, tables, tables, and shelves for people to admire. It is carved using three-dimensional circular carving techniques, such as birds and animals, flowers, birds, fish and insects, marine creatures, and the twelve zodiac signs; Practicality refers to the use of wood carving techniques to decorate artworks that combine practicality and art, such as palace lamps, mirror frames, pen holders, pen holders, jewelry boxes, savings cans, and furniture carving.
观赏性是指陈列、摆设在桌台、几、案、架之上的供人观赏的艺术品。它是利用立体圆雕的工艺技术雕刻而成，比如飞禽走兽、花鸟鱼虫、海洋生物、十二生肖等;实用性是指利用木雕工艺装饰的、实用与艺术相结合的艺术品，如宫灯、镜框、笔架、笔筒、首饰盒、储蓄罐以及家具雕刻等。
Artistic woodcarving usually refers to works with clever ideas, profound connotations, and the ability to reflect the author's aesthetic views and artistic skills, fully reflecting the fun of woodcarving art and the environmentally friendly material beauty. Art woodcarving is a product of the ingenuity of sculptors, and it is also a work of art that decorates, beautifies the environment, and cultivates sentiments. It has high ornamental and collectible value. For example, our common root carving.
艺术木雕通常是指构思巧妙、内涵深刻、能反映作者审美观和艺术技巧的作品，充分体现出木雕艺术的趣味和环保的材质美。艺术木雕是雕刻家心灵手巧的产物，而且也是装饰、装潢、美化环境、陶冶情操的艺术品，具有较高的观赏价值和收藏价值。比如我们常见的根雕。
Round sculpture is a three-dimensional sculpture that simulates real animal sculpture, also known as three-dimensional sculpture. It can be appreciated from multiple directions and angles. Round sculpture is the overall expression of art on the sculpture, and viewers can see the various sides of the object from different angles, carving from front, back, left, top, middle, and bottom.
圆雕就是仿真实动物雕刻，又称立体雕刻，可以多方位、多角度欣赏的三维立体雕刻，圆雕是艺术在雕件上的整体表现，观者可以从不同角度看到物体的各个侧面，从前后左右上中下进行雕刻的。
Relief sculpture: a type of sculpture that carves out undulating images on a flat surface, and is an artistic expression form that falls between circular sculpture and painting.
浮雕是在平面上雕刻出凹凸起伏形象的一种雕塑，是介于圆雕和绘画之间的艺术表现形式。
Root carving is an artistic creation that takes the natural and distorted forms of tree roots (including tree nodules, bamboo roots, etc.) as the object of artistic creation, and creates artistic images such as characters, animals, and objects through conceptual and artistic processing and craftsmanship. Root carving art is a plastic art that discovers natural beauty and displays creative processing. It is said to be "three parts artificial, seven parts natural."
根雕，是以树根(包括树瘤、竹根等)的自然形态及畸变形态为艺术创作对象，通过构思立意艺术加工及工艺处理创作出人物、动物、器物等艺术形象做的。根雕艺术是发现自然美而又显示创造性加工的造型艺术，所谓"三分人工，七分天成。"
榫卯结构Mortise and tenon structure
The mortise and tenon structure is a type of ancient Chinese architecture that uses wood, bricks, and tiles as the main building materials, and wood frame structure as the main structural method. It is constructed from main components such as columns, beams, and purlins, and the joints between each component are matched with mortise and tenon joints, forming an elastic frame.
榫卯结构，中国古建筑以木材、砖瓦为主要建筑材料，以木构架结构为主要的结构方式，由立柱、横梁、顺檩等主要构件建造而成，各个构件之间的结点以榫卯相吻合，构成富有弹性的框架。
Mortise and tenon joints are extremely ingenious inventions. This type of component connection method makes traditional Chinese wooden structures a special flexible structure that surpasses contemporary building trusses, frames, or rigid frames. Not only can they withstand large loads, but they also allow for certain deformations, which can offset certain seismic energy under seismic loads and reduce the seismic response of the structure.
榫卯是极为精巧的发明，这种构件连接方式，使得中国传统的木结构成为超越了当代建筑排架、框架或者刚架的特殊柔性结构体，不但可以承受较大的荷载，而且允许产生一定的变形，在地震荷载下通过变形抵消一定的地震能量，减小结构的地震响应。
The mortise and tenon structure is a type of ancient Chinese architecture that uses wood, bricks, and tiles as the main building materials, and wood frame structure as the main structural method. It is constructed from main components such as columns, beams, and purlins, and the joints between each component are matched with mortise and tenon joints, forming an elastic frame.
榫卯结构，中国古建筑以木材、砖瓦为主要建筑材料，以木构架结构为主要的结构方式，由立柱、横梁、顺檩等主要构件建造而成，各个构件之间的结点以榫卯相吻合，构成富有弹性的框架。
Mortise and tenon joint is a concave-convex connection method used on two wooden components. The protruding part is called a tenon (or tenon); The concave part is called a mortise and tenon (or mortise and tenon groove), and the mortise and tenon bite together, playing a connecting role. This is the main structural method of ancient Chinese architecture, furniture, and other wooden instruments. The mortise and tenon structure is a combination of mortise and tenon, which is a clever combination of many and few, high and low, and long and short wood pieces, effectively limiting the twisting of wood pieces in various directions. The most basic mortise and tenon structure consists of two components, with the tenon of one inserted into the mortise hole of the other, connecting and fixing the two components. The part where the tenon extends into the mortise and tenon is called the tenon tongue, and the rest is called the tenon shoulder.
榫卯是在两个木构件上所采用的一种凹凸结合的连接方式。凸出部分叫榫(或榫头);凹进部分叫卯(或榫眼、榫槽)，榫和卯咬合，起到连接作用。这是中国古代建筑、家具及其它木制器械的主要结构方式。榫卯结构是榫和卯的结合，是木件之间多与少、高与低、长与短之间的巧妙组合，可有效地限制木件向各个方向的扭动。最基本的榫卯结构由两个构件组成，其中一个的榫头插入另一个的卯眼中，使两个构件连接并固定。榫头伸入卯眼的部分被称为榫舌，其余部分则称作榫肩。
The mortise and tenon structure is widely used in architecture, as well as in furniture, reflecting the close relationship between furniture and architecture. After the application of mortise and tenon structures in building construction, although each component is relatively thin, it can withstand enormous pressure overall. This structure is not about individual strength, but rather about mutual integration and support, which has become the basic pattern of future architecture and Chinese furniture.
榫卯结构广泛用于建筑，同时也广泛用于家具，体现出家具与建筑的密切关系。榫卯结构应用于房屋建筑后，虽然每个构件都比较单薄，但是它整体上却能承受巨大的压力。这种结构不在于个体的强大，而是互相结合，互相支撑，这种结构成了后代建筑和中式家具的基本模式。
时文阅读
一、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A newly released TV drama has won viewers’ hearts, with many saying it’s quite “soul-healing” in this time full of anxiety and competition. It has not only improved the local tourism, but also presented the charm of some intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) items in Dali. Let’s take a look at a few.
Jianchuan wood carving
Jianchuan wood carving has a history of more than 1,000 years. It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2011. The carvings usually include pictures like flowers, plants and so on, which are widely used in their architecture as well as arts and crafts for decoration. The TV show also points that the traditional craft of wood carving faces challenges. The show discusses how machines are taking place of handwork, because they are more effective and less costly.
Tie-dyeing
Tie-dyeing is a traditional staining(着色)technique among the folks. The tie-dyeing technique of the Bai ethnic (民族的) group had grown in popularity as early as in the Tang dynasty, and it was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2006. Now the tie-dyeing has mixed modern artistic elements, producing more products such as clothing, bags and tissue boxes.
Three-course tea
Three-course tea is a tea serving tradition of the Bai ethnic group. It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2014. It has been an important tradition during special events such as weddings and festivals. What’s more, people usually drink this kind of tea during special occasions.
1．What can we learn about Jianchuan wood carving
A．It costs little. B．It is out of date.
C．It faces many difficulties. D．The machine has taken place of it.
2．When was tie-dyeing listed as a national intangible cultural heritage
A．In 2006. B．In 2008. C．In 2011. D．In 2014.
3．What does the author think of the three-course tea
A．It’s a common way for relaxation. B．It’s popular among all the people.
C．It’s served in Bai people’s daily life. D．It’s a tradition during special events.
二、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A 63-year-old Chinese grandpa's traditional carpentry (木工) skills are delighting tens of millions of viewers online as he creates woodwork without glue, screws or nails.
The Chinese master carpenter, Wang Dewen, known as “Grandpa Amu” on YouTube, has been regarded as a modern Lu Ban, a famous Chinese structural engineer during the Zhou Dynasty, thanks to his vast carpentry knowledge. His most popular video, which shows he made a fantastic wooden arch bridge, went viral on the platform, gaining more than 42 million views.
Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon technique (榫卯技术), which means no nails or glue are involved in the entire process of building the arch bridge. Grandpa Amu has also made several wooden toys for his grandson using the same technique. Among all the items, a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing toy are his grandson's favorites.
It was not long before his son and daughter-in-law decided to video Wang's efforts. The master carpenter has so far attracted over 1. 18 million subscribers on YouTube, but Grandpt Amu insists that he is just an ordinary farmer. Just like LiZiqi, who lives in a village of southwest China's Sichuan Province, has made a name for herself by making various Chinese dishes on YouTube since 2016. Grandpa Amu now in fact is also trying to spread unique Chinese techniques and Chinese culture to the world.
Grandpa Amu's son and daughter-in-law now work full time on his videos, hoping that the channel's popularity would help local villagers better sell their farm produce. “We came up with the idea of making the videos because we wanted to bring our rural culture to others and let people learn about these ancient Chinese techniques,” said Huang Chunmei, Grandpa Amu's daughter-in-law, in an interview with South China Morning Post.
4．What is Granda Amu famous for
A．A fantastic toy. B．A pig.
C．His carpentry skills. D．The toys for his grandson.
5．How did Grandpa Amu make toys for his grandson
A．By using an ancient Chinese technique. B．By applying modern skills.
C．By following the videos. D．By studying carpentry knowledge.
6．What can we know about Grandpa Amu's videos
A．They are good for selling toys. B．They make Grandpa Amu busier.
C．They contribute to introducing China. D．They help Grandpa Amu earn much money.
7．Which can be the best title for the text
A．Best Popular Video On YouTube
B．Granda Amu: A Chinese Master Carpenter
C．Unbelievable Traditional Carpentry Skills
D．China: A Nation Full Of Amazing Technology
三、完形填空
Wang Dewen, known as “Grandpa Amu” online, is a 63-year-old man. He has skills beyond the 8 of ordinary people and creates woodwork with nothing 9 a single piece of wood. He has brilliant traditional carpentry (木工) skills, 10 first-time viewers online with his woodwork.
The Chinese carpenter has been 11 Lu Ban in modern times. His most 12 video — making a wooden arch bridge, has spread quickly on overseas social platforms, 13 more than 42 million views! Grandpa Amu 14 ancient Chinese mortise and tenon (榫卯) structures in his work, a technique 15 used in traditional Chinese architecture and furniture. The entire 16 of building the arch bridge involves no nails or glue. A man 17 under the video, “A block of wood is 18 into a great work of art. You’re not a carpenter; you’re an 19 .”
He has become a real 20 on overseas social platforms — so far attracting millions of fans overseas. 21 , Grandpa Amu insists that he is not an Internet celebrity but just an 22 farmer. He has used his extraordinary skills mostly to 23 his young grandson, making all kinds of toys. He is also trying to 24 unique Chinese techniques to the world. “We 25 the idea of making the videos because we are 26 to bring our priceless culture to others and make these ancient Chinese technique come to people’s 27 ,” said Grandpa Amu’s daughter-in-law.
8．A．memory B．boundary C．reach D．acknowledgement
9．A．rather than B．better than C．less than D．other than
10．A．moving B．astonishing C．satisfying D．inspiring
11．A．compared to B．influenced by C．taken for D．identified as
12．A．precious B．complex C．special D．popular
13．A．accepting B．gaining C．providing D．witnessing
14．A．develops B．spreads C．employs D．improves
15．A．hardly B．typically C．really D．recently
16．A．process B．progress C．project D．pace
17．A．reflected B．commented C．explained D．recommended
18．A．broken B．piled C．transformed D．mixed
19．A．artist B．inventor C．expert D．engineer
20．A．winner B．hero C．hit D．pioneer
21．A．Therefore B．Besides C．Instead D．However
22．A．outstanding B．ordinary C．ambitious D．actual
23．A．entertain B．educate C．impress D．encourage
24．A．apply B．deliver C．adjust D．introduce
25．A．lived up to B．looked forward toC．came up with D．made up for
26．A．anxious B．bound C．confident D．curious
27．A．vision B．mind C．conception D．knowledge
第三部分 话题语法填空
一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Gabi Rizea only discovered his talent for woodcarving three years ago, and put 28 to good use, saving dozens of old tree stumps from being removed by 29 (turn) them into impressive works of art.
Rizea became a woodcarver 30 (complete) by accident. Three years ago, after buying himself a new chainsaw (链锯), he started “playing” with it on a block of wood. He tried carving a human face into the wood, and to his surprise, it turned out pretty good. Today, he is so good at woodcarving 31 his home city allows him to work his magic on old tree stumps and so far about 40 works of art 32 (create) in the local parks.
“In 99% of the cases, the wood just doesn’t match my ideas,” he said in an interview. “I first have to remove all the rotten parts, and sometimes, 33 is left isn’t enough for my designs.”
Following his recent rise to fame, Rizea has been asked by many 34 (city), including the capital of Romania to transform their old tree trunks 35 works of art. He promised to honor their requests, but he will never repeat any of the artworks 36 (find) in his home city.
In spite of his obvious talent, the Romanian 37 (art) recently got into art school in order to fully master woodcarving.
二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chief Executive Officer of Beijing Aiqi Technology Yang Zhang has revived the Chinese cultural practice of using the mortise and tenon(榫卯)technique for construction which is on the edge of extinction.
He used the ancient mortise and tenon technique 38 (construct)the Turret of Palace Museum at a 1:81 miniscale. The choice of “Turret of Palace Museum” 39 the theme for the mini building block project 40 (base)on several factors.
41 (situate)in the Forbidden City of Beijing, this architectural treasure boasts the 42 (delicate)design and elegant shape among Chinese royal buildings. It was historically responsible for protecting the palace. The complex layout of the turret posed 43 unprecedented (史无前例的) technical challenge for Zhang and his team of designers and 44 (develop). Unlike conventional building block toys, Zhang aimed to create a model made 45 (entire)of authentic mortise and tenon components. The entire process of design took nearly five years, with hundreds of design iterations and continuous adjustments.
The mortise and tenon technique, 46 is the primary construction method used in ancient Chinese architecture and represents the core of traditional Chinese woodworking, is gaining increasing 47 (recognize)among the public.
【参考答案】
时文阅读
1．C 2．A 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部新上映的电视剧赢得了观众的心，这个节目不仅改善了当地的旅游业，而且展现了的一些非物质文化遗产的魅力。文章详细介绍了其中的三种。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段的“The TV show also points that the traditional craft of wood carving faces challenges.(电视节目还指出，传统的木雕工艺面临挑战)”可知，简川木雕面临很多困难。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段的“The tie-dyeing technique of the Bai ethnic (民族的) group had grown in popularity as early as in the Tang dynasty, and it was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2006.(白族扎染技艺早在唐代就已流行起来，并于2006年被列为国家级非物质文化遗产)”可知，在2006年白族扎染被列为国家非物质文化遗产。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“It has been an important tradition during special events such as weddings and festivals. What’s more, people usually drink this kind of tea during special occasions.(这一直是一个重要的传统。更重要的是，人们通常在特殊的场合喝这种茶)”可知，作者认为三道茶是特殊场合的一种传统。故选D。
4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一位63岁的中国爷爷不用胶水、丝钉和钉子就能做出木工品，他的木工手艺在网上令数千万观众赞叹的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A 63-year-old Chinese grandpa's traditional carpentry skills are delighting tens of millions of viewers online as he creates woodwork without glue, screws or nails.”（一位63岁的中国老爷爷的传统木工手艺在网上吸引了数以千万计的观众，他制作的木制品没有胶水、螺丝钉或钉子。）可知，阿木爷爷通过他的木工手艺出名。故选C项。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon technique, which means no nails or glue are involved in the entire process of building the arch bridge. Grandpa Amu has also made several wooden toys for his grandson using the same technique.”（阿木爷爷遵循的是中国古代的榫卯技术，也就是说，在建造拱桥的整个过程中，没有钉子和胶水。阿木爷爷还用同样的技术为孙子做了几件木制玩具。）可知，阿木爷爷给孙子做玩具使用的是一种古老的中国技术（榫卯技术）。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Grandpa Amu now in fact is also trying to spread unique Chinese techniques and Chinese culture to the world.”（阿木爷爷现在实际上也在努力向世界传播独特的中国技术和中国文化。）可知，阿木爷爷通过视频让世界更了解中国。故选C项。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A 63-year-old Chinese grandpa's traditional carpentry skills are delighting tens of millions of viewers online as he creates woodwork without glue, screws or nails.”（一位63岁的中国老爷爷的传统木工手艺在网上吸引了数以千万计的观众，他制作的木制品没有胶水、螺丝钉或钉子。）并结合全文可知，文章讲述了一位63岁的中国爷爷不用胶水、丝钉和钉子就能做出木工品，他的木工手艺在网上令数千万观众赞叹的故事。可知，B项“阿木爷爷：中国木匠大师”符合文章大意，适合做文章标题。故选B项。
8．C 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．B 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．C 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍阿木爷爷由于在网上展现了无需钉子、胶水就能制作木制品的榫卯技术而走红海外，被誉为“当代鲁班”，他也让中国传统木工技术为更多人所知。阿木爷爷在网上走红的故事，引导考生传播优秀传统文化，坚定文化自信。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他拥有常人无法企及的技艺。A. memory记忆；B. boundary边界；C. reach范围；D. acknowledgement承认。根据下文“He has brilliant traditional carpentry (木工) skills”可知，阿木爷爷的木工技术十分精湛，故此处表示他的技术常人难以企及。故选C项。
9．考查介词短语辨析。句意：只用一根木头就能做出木制品。A. rather than而不是；B. better than超过；C. less than少于；D. other than除了。根据下文的“involve no nails or glue”可知，此处表示他打造的木制品除了木头，什么都不用。故选D项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：使他的木工作品在网上令人惊讶。A. moving感动；B. astonishing使震惊；C. satisfying使满意；D. inspiring激励。根据下文的“involve no nails or glue”可知，阿木爷爷无需钉子、胶水就能制作木制品，所以可推出第一次看他的视频的人应该会感到震惊。故选B项。
11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这位中国木匠在近代被比作鲁班。A. compared to与……相比；B. influenced by受影响；C. taken for认为；D. identified as认定为。根据下文的介绍可知，都是在说阿木爷爷的技艺高超，本空所在的第一句话是第二段的主旨句，所以人们把阿木爷爷比作鲁班。故选A项。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他最受欢迎的视频——制作木拱桥。A. precious珍贵的；B. complex复杂的；C. special特殊的；D. popular受欢迎的，流行的。根据下文的“has spread quickly on overseas social platforms, 6 more than 42 million views!”可知，此处表示阿木爷爷最受欢迎的视频。故选D项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：获得了超过4200万的点击量。A accepting接受；B. gaining获得；C. providing提供；D. witnessing目击，见证。根据上文“has spread quickly on overseas social platforms”可知，阿木爷爷的视频很快传到了海外社交平台，说明是有很多人喜欢观看，所以应该是获得了4200万的点击量。故选B项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿木爷爷使用了榫卯技术。A. develops发展，开发；B. spreads传播；C. employs雇佣，使用；D. improves改善。根据下句“a technique 8 used in traditional Chinese architecture and furniture.”可知，这一句是对上一句的进一步说明，所以第七个空所缺的意思是“使用”。故选C项。
15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这种技术通常用于中国传统建筑和家具中。A. hardly几乎不；B. typically通常，一般；C. really实际上，真正地；D. recently最近。根据上句“Grandpa Amu 7 ancient Chinese mortise and tenon (榫卯) structures in his work”可知，在阿木爷爷的作品中使用的就是中国古代的榫卯结构，根据我们的常识可知，这也是中国古代建筑的通常使用的技术。故选B项。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个拱桥的建造过程不需要钉子和胶水。A. process过程；B. progress进展；C. project项目；D. pace节奏。根据空后“building the arch bridge involves no nails or glue”可知，在建拱桥时不使用钉子和胶水，应该是在全过程中都不使用钉子和胶水，只有A选项符合题意。故选A项。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名男子在视频下评论道。A. reflected反应；B. commented评论；C. explained解释；D. recommended推荐。根据下文“A block of wood is 11 into a great work of art. You’re not a carpenter; you’re an 12 .”可知，是一名男子所说的内容，所以应该是在视频下方的评论。故选B项。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一块木头变成了一件伟大的艺术品。A. broken破坏；B. piled堆积；C. transformed改变，使变形；D. mixed混合。根据下文“A block of wood is 11 into a great work of art. You’re not a carpenter; you’re an 12 .”可知，从一块木头到一个伟大的艺术品应该是一种转变。故选C项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不是木匠，你是个艺术家。A. artist艺术家；B. inventor发明者；C. expert专家；D. engineer工程师。 根据上文的“a great work of art. You’re not a carpenter.”可知，此处表示阿木爷爷是一位艺术家。故选A项。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他已经成为了海外社交平台上的红人。A. winner获胜者；B. hero英雄；C. hit 很受欢迎的人(或事物)；D. pioneer先锋。根据上文的“has spread quickly on overseas social platforms, 6 more than 42 million views”和下文的“so for attracting millions of fans overseas”可知，此处表示阿木爷爷大受欢迎。故选C项。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，阿木爷爷坚称自己不是网红。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. Instead反而；D. However然而。根据下文的“Grandpa Amu insists that he is not an Internet celebrity”可知，上下文存在转折的关系，故用However“然而”。故选D项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，阿木爷爷坚称自己不是网红，只是一个普通的农民。A. outstanding杰出的，出色的；B. ordinary普通的；C. ambitious有雄心的；D. actual真实的。根据上文的“Grandpa Amu insists that he is not an Internet celebrity but”可知，阿木爷爷认为自己不是网红，而是普通人。故选B项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他运用自己非凡的技艺，做各种各样的玩具，让他的小孙子开心。A. entertain娱乐，使快乐；B. educate教育；C. impress留印象；D. encourage鼓励。根据下文的“his young grandson, making all kinds of toys.”可知，阿姆爷爷的精湛技术主要是用来逗小孙子开心。故选A项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还试图向世界介绍独特的中国技术。A. apply申请；B. deliver交付，递送；C. adjust调整；D. introduce介绍。根据下文的“unique Chinese techniques to the world.”可知，阿木爷爷想把独特的中国技术介绍到世界。故选D项。
25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们想到制作视频的想法。A. lived up to符合，不辜负；B. looked forward to期望；C. came up with提出；D. made up for弥补。根据下文的“the idea of making the videos”可知，应该是想出制作视频的主意。故选C项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为我们渴望把我们无价的文化带给他人。A. anxious焦虑的，渴望的；B. bound受约束的；必定的；C. confident自信的；D. curious好奇的。根据下文的“bring our priceless culture to others”以及短语be anxious to do sth.“渴望做某事”可知，作者渴望把我们的无价的文化带给其他人。故选A项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：使人们了解这些古老的中国技术。A. vision视觉；B. mind头脑，想法；C. conception概念，怀孕；D. knowledge知识。短语come to one’s knowledge“被人知晓”。根据上文的“because we are 19 to bring our priceless culture to others”可知，作者想让人们了解这些古老的中国技术。故选D项。
话题语法填空
一、
28．it 29．turning 30．completely 31．that 32．have been created 33．what 34．cities 35．into 36．found 37．artist
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Gabi Rizea成为木雕师的经过以及他成名后被许多城市邀请去将老树干改造成艺术品。尽管天赋出众，这位罗马尼亚艺术家最近还是为了全面掌握木雕技艺而考上了艺术学校。
28．考查代词。句意：Gabi Rizea三年前才发现自己的木雕天赋，并好好利用了这一天赋，将数十根被砍伐的老树桩变成了令人印象深刻的艺术品。此处指利用“talent”，应用代词it。故填it。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：Gabi Rizea三年前才发现自己的木雕天赋，并好好利用了这一天赋，将数十根被砍伐的老树桩变成了令人印象深刻的艺术品。turn作介词by的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填turning。
30．考查副词。句意：Rizea成为一名木雕师完全是出于偶然。修饰介词短语by accident，应用副词completely，作状语。故填completely。
31．考查状语从句。句意：如今，他的木雕技艺如此高超，家乡的城市允许他在老树桩上施展他的魔法，到目前为止，当地的公园已经创作了大约40件艺术品。此处为so…that…句型，引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”。故填that。
32．考查动词时态语态。句意：如今，他的木雕技艺如此高超，家乡的城市允许他在老树桩上施展他的魔法，到目前为止，当地的公园已经创作了大约40件艺术品。根据上文“so far”可知应用现在完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为about 40 works of art，助动词用have。故填have been created。
33．考查主语从句。句意：首先我必须移除所有腐烂的部分，有时，剩下的部分不足以满足我的设计。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物应用what引导。故填what。
34．考查名词的数。句意：随着其声名鹊起，许多城市都要求Rizea将其古老的树干改造成艺术品，其中包括罗马尼亚首都。city为可数名词，由many修饰应用复数形式故填cities。
35．考查介词。句意：随着其声名鹊起，许多城市都要求Rizea将其古老的树干改造成艺术品，其中包括罗马尼亚首都。结合句意表示“将……改造成……”短语为transform sth. into…。故填into。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：他承诺尊重他们的要求，但他永远不会重复在他家乡城市发现的任何艺术品。分析句子结构可知find在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语artworks构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填found。
37．考查名词。句意：尽管天赋出众，这位罗马尼亚艺术家最近还是为了全面掌握木雕技艺而考上了艺术学校。空处作主语，表示“艺术家”应用名词artist，此处为特指Gabi Rizea这个艺术家应用单数。故填artist。
二、
38．to construct 39．as 40．was based 41．Situated 42．most delicate 43．an 44．developers 45．entirely 46．which 47．recognition
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了北京爱奇科技首席执行官杨章复兴了中国文化中濒临消失的榫卯建筑技术。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：他采用古代的榫卯技术，按1:81的比例建造了故宫的角楼。use...to do...是固定搭配，意为“用……做……”。故填to construct。
39．考查介词。句意：选择“故宫角楼”作为迷你积木项目的主题是基于几个因素。表示“作为”，后跟名词作宾语，应用介词as。故填as。
40．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：选择“故宫角楼”作为迷你积木项目的主题是基于几个因素。表示“基于……”短语为be based on，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，主语为The choice of “Turret of Palace Museum” as the theme for the mini building block project，谓语用单数形式。故填was based。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：这座建筑瑰宝位于北京紫禁城，拥有中国皇家建筑中最精致的设计和最优雅的造型。分析句子结构可知situate与逻辑主语this architectural treasure构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Situated。
42．考查最高级。句意：这座建筑瑰宝位于北京紫禁城，拥有中国皇家建筑中最精致的设计和最优雅的造型。根据上文定冠词以及句意“最精致”可知应用最高级，在delicate前加most。故填most delicate。
43．考查冠词。句意：炮塔的复杂布局对张和他的设计和开发团队提出了前所未有的技术挑战。可数名词challenge在句中表示“一个挑战”，泛指，空格后单词unprecedented发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
44．考查名词。句意：炮塔的复杂布局对张和他的设计和开发团队提出了前所未有的技术挑战。根据上文designers and可知应用复数名词developers，作宾语。故填developers。
45．考查副词。句意：与传统的积木玩具不同，张的目标是创造一个完全由真实的榫卯组件组成的模型。修饰动词made，用副词entirely作状语，意为“完全地”。故填entirely。
46．考查定语从句。句意：榫卯技术是中国古代建筑的主要施工方法，代表了中国传统木工的核心，越来越受到公众的认可。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The mortise and tenon technique，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
47．考查名词。句意：榫卯技术是中国古代建筑的主要施工方法，代表了中国传统木工的核心，越来越受到公众的认可。提示词作宾语，用名词recognition，意为“认可”，不可数名词。故填recognition。
中国元素 中式木雕、榫卯结构（素材+时文阅读+语法填空）
第一部分 话题素材积累
中式木雕(Chinese woodcarving)
Chinese woodcarving art originated in the Neolithic period, and more than 7000 years ago, there were already wooden carvings in Hemudu, Yuyao, Zhejiang. The wood carving techniques of the Qin and Han dynasties tended to mature. The use of colored wood carving marks a significant level of ancient wood carving craftsmanship. The wood carving craft of the Tang Dynasty tended to be perfect.
中国木雕艺术起源于新石器时期，七千多年前的浙江余姚河姆渡已有木雕品。秦汉两代木雕工艺趋于成熟。施彩木雕标志着古代木雕工艺达到相当高的水平。唐代木雕工艺趋于完美。
Many preserved wooden Buddha statues are masterpieces of ancient Chinese art. Woodcarving can be divided into two categories: craft woodcarving and artistic woodcarving. Among them, craft wood carving can be divided into two types: ornamental and practical. After hundreds of years of development, the five major schools of thought, including Dongyang, Leqing, Fujian, Guangdong, and Zhongyuan, have each formed unique craft styles.
许多保存至今的木雕佛像，是中国古代艺术品中的杰作。木雕分工艺木雕和艺术木雕两大类。其中工艺木雕又可分为观赏性和实用性两种。经过数百年的发展，东阳、乐清、福建、广东、中原等五大流派各自形成独特的工艺风格。
Appreciation refers to the display and arrangement of artworks on tables, tables, tables, and shelves for people to admire. It is carved using three-dimensional circular carving techniques, such as birds and animals, flowers, birds, fish and insects, marine creatures, and the twelve zodiac signs; Practicality refers to the use of wood carving techniques to decorate artworks that combine practicality and art, such as palace lamps, mirror frames, pen holders, pen holders, jewelry boxes, savings cans, and furniture carving.
观赏性是指陈列、摆设在桌台、几、案、架之上的供人观赏的艺术品。它是利用立体圆雕的工艺技术雕刻而成，比如飞禽走兽、花鸟鱼虫、海洋生物、十二生肖等;实用性是指利用木雕工艺装饰的、实用与艺术相结合的艺术品，如宫灯、镜框、笔架、笔筒、首饰盒、储蓄罐以及家具雕刻等。
Artistic woodcarving usually refers to works with clever ideas, profound connotations, and the ability to reflect the author's aesthetic views and artistic skills, fully reflecting the fun of woodcarving art and the environmentally friendly material beauty. Art woodcarving is a product of the ingenuity of sculptors, and it is also a work of art that decorates, beautifies the environment, and cultivates sentiments. It has high ornamental and collectible value. For example, our common root carving.
艺术木雕通常是指构思巧妙、内涵深刻、能反映作者审美观和艺术技巧的作品，充分体现出木雕艺术的趣味和环保的材质美。艺术木雕是雕刻家心灵手巧的产物，而且也是装饰、装潢、美化环境、陶冶情操的艺术品，具有较高的观赏价值和收藏价值。比如我们常见的根雕。
Round sculpture is a three-dimensional sculpture that simulates real animal sculpture, also known as three-dimensional sculpture. It can be appreciated from multiple directions and angles. Round sculpture is the overall expression of art on the sculpture, and viewers can see the various sides of the object from different angles, carving from front, back, left, top, middle, and bottom.
圆雕就是仿真实动物雕刻，又称立体雕刻，可以多方位、多角度欣赏的三维立体雕刻，圆雕是艺术在雕件上的整体表现，观者可以从不同角度看到物体的各个侧面，从前后左右上中下进行雕刻的。
Relief sculpture: a type of sculpture that carves out undulating images on a flat surface, and is an artistic expression form that falls between circular sculpture and painting.
浮雕是在平面上雕刻出凹凸起伏形象的一种雕塑，是介于圆雕和绘画之间的艺术表现形式。
Root carving is an artistic creation that takes the natural and distorted forms of tree roots (including tree nodules, bamboo roots, etc.) as the object of artistic creation, and creates artistic images such as characters, animals, and objects through conceptual and artistic processing and craftsmanship. Root carving art is a plastic art that discovers natural beauty and displays creative processing. It is said to be "three parts artificial, seven parts natural."
根雕，是以树根(包括树瘤、竹根等)的自然形态及畸变形态为艺术创作对象，通过构思立意艺术加工及工艺处理创作出人物、动物、器物等艺术形象做的。根雕艺术是发现自然美而又显示创造性加工的造型艺术，所谓"三分人工，七分天成。"
榫卯结构Mortise and tenon structure
The mortise and tenon structure is a type of ancient Chinese architecture that uses wood, bricks, and tiles as the main building materials, and wood frame structure as the main structural method. It is constructed from main components such as columns, beams, and purlins, and the joints between each component are matched with mortise and tenon joints, forming an elastic frame.
榫卯结构，中国古建筑以木材、砖瓦为主要建筑材料，以木构架结构为主要的结构方式，由立柱、横梁、顺檩等主要构件建造而成，各个构件之间的结点以榫卯相吻合，构成富有弹性的框架。
Mortise and tenon joints are extremely ingenious inventions. This type of component connection method makes traditional Chinese wooden structures a special flexible structure that surpasses contemporary building trusses, frames, or rigid frames. Not only can they withstand large loads, but they also allow for certain deformations, which can offset certain seismic energy under seismic loads and reduce the seismic response of the structure.
榫卯是极为精巧的发明，这种构件连接方式，使得中国传统的木结构成为超越了当代建筑排架、框架或者刚架的特殊柔性结构体，不但可以承受较大的荷载，而且允许产生一定的变形，在地震荷载下通过变形抵消一定的地震能量，减小结构的地震响应。
The mortise and tenon structure is a type of ancient Chinese architecture that uses wood, bricks, and tiles as the main building materials, and wood frame structure as the main structural method. It is constructed from main components such as columns, beams, and purlins, and the joints between each component are matched with mortise and tenon joints, forming an elastic frame.
榫卯结构，中国古建筑以木材、砖瓦为主要建筑材料，以木构架结构为主要的结构方式，由立柱、横梁、顺檩等主要构件建造而成，各个构件之间的结点以榫卯相吻合，构成富有弹性的框架。
Mortise and tenon joint is a concave-convex connection method used on two wooden components. The protruding part is called a tenon (or tenon); The concave part is called a mortise and tenon (or mortise and tenon groove), and the mortise and tenon bite together, playing a connecting role. This is the main structural method of ancient Chinese architecture, furniture, and other wooden instruments. The mortise and tenon structure is a combination of mortise and tenon, which is a clever combination of many and few, high and low, and long and short wood pieces, effectively limiting the twisting of wood pieces in various directions. The most basic mortise and tenon structure consists of two components, with the tenon of one inserted into the mortise hole of the other, connecting and fixing the two components. The part where the tenon extends into the mortise and tenon is called the tenon tongue, and the rest is called the tenon shoulder.
榫卯是在两个木构件上所采用的一种凹凸结合的连接方式。凸出部分叫榫(或榫头);凹进部分叫卯(或榫眼、榫槽)，榫和卯咬合，起到连接作用。这是中国古代建筑、家具及其它木制器械的主要结构方式。榫卯结构是榫和卯的结合，是木件之间多与少、高与低、长与短之间的巧妙组合，可有效地限制木件向各个方向的扭动。最基本的榫卯结构由两个构件组成，其中一个的榫头插入另一个的卯眼中，使两个构件连接并固定。榫头伸入卯眼的部分被称为榫舌，其余部分则称作榫肩。
The mortise and tenon structure is widely used in architecture, as well as in furniture, reflecting the close relationship between furniture and architecture. After the application of mortise and tenon structures in building construction, although each component is relatively thin, it can withstand enormous pressure overall. This structure is not about individual strength, but rather about mutual integration and support, which has become the basic pattern of future architecture and Chinese furniture.
榫卯结构广泛用于建筑，同时也广泛用于家具，体现出家具与建筑的密切关系。榫卯结构应用于房屋建筑后，虽然每个构件都比较单薄，但是它整体上却能承受巨大的压力。这种结构不在于个体的强大，而是互相结合，互相支撑，这种结构成了后代建筑和中式家具的基本模式。
时文阅读
一、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A newly released TV drama has won viewers’ hearts, with many saying it’s quite “soul-healing” in this time full of anxiety and competition. It has not only improved the local tourism, but also presented the charm of some intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) items in Dali. Let’s take a look at a few.
Jianchuan wood carving
Jianchuan wood carving has a history of more than 1,000 years. It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2011. The carvings usually include pictures like flowers, plants and so on, which are widely used in their architecture as well as arts and crafts for decoration. The TV show also points that the traditional craft of wood carving faces challenges. The show discusses how machines are taking place of handwork, because they are more effective and less costly.
Tie-dyeing
Tie-dyeing is a traditional staining(着色)technique among the folks. The tie-dyeing technique of the Bai ethnic (民族的) group had grown in popularity as early as in the Tang dynasty, and it was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2006. Now the tie-dyeing has mixed modern artistic elements, producing more products such as clothing, bags and tissue boxes.
Three-course tea
Three-course tea is a tea serving tradition of the Bai ethnic group. It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2014. It has been an important tradition during special events such as weddings and festivals. What’s more, people usually drink this kind of tea during special occasions.
1．What can we learn about Jianchuan wood carving
A．It costs little. B．It is out of date.
C．It faces many difficulties. D．The machine has taken place of it.
2．When was tie-dyeing listed as a national intangible cultural heritage
A．In 2006. B．In 2008. C．In 2011. D．In 2014.
3．What does the author think of the three-course tea
A．It’s a common way for relaxation. B．It’s popular among all the people.
C．It’s served in Bai people’s daily life. D．It’s a tradition during special events.
二、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A 63-year-old Chinese grandpa's traditional carpentry (木工) skills are delighting tens of millions of viewers online as he creates woodwork without glue, screws or nails.
The Chinese master carpenter, Wang Dewen, known as “Grandpa Amu” on YouTube, has been regarded as a modern Lu Ban, a famous Chinese structural engineer during the Zhou Dynasty, thanks to his vast carpentry knowledge. His most popular video, which shows he made a fantastic wooden arch bridge, went viral on the platform, gaining more than 42 million views.
Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon technique (榫卯技术), which means no nails or glue are involved in the entire process of building the arch bridge. Grandpa Amu has also made several wooden toys for his grandson using the same technique. Among all the items, a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing toy are his grandson's favorites.
It was not long before his son and daughter-in-law decided to video Wang's efforts. The master carpenter has so far attracted over 1. 18 million subscribers on YouTube, but Grandpt Amu insists that he is just an ordinary farmer. Just like LiZiqi, who lives in a village of southwest China's Sichuan Province, has made a name for herself by making various Chinese dishes on YouTube since 2016. Grandpa Amu now in fact is also trying to spread unique Chinese techniques and Chinese culture to the world.
Grandpa Amu's son and daughter-in-law now work full time on his videos, hoping that the channel's popularity would help local villagers better sell their farm produce. “We came up with the idea of making the videos because we wanted to bring our rural culture to others and let people learn about these ancient Chinese techniques,” said Huang Chunmei, Grandpa Amu's daughter-in-law, in an interview with South China Morning Post.
4．What is Granda Amu famous for
A．A fantastic toy. B．A pig.
C．His carpentry skills. D．The toys for his grandson.
5．How did Grandpa Amu make toys for his grandson
A．By using an ancient Chinese technique. B．By applying modern skills.
C．By following the videos. D．By studying carpentry knowledge.
6．What can we know about Grandpa Amu's videos
A．They are good for selling toys. B．They make Grandpa Amu busier.
C．They contribute to introducing China. D．They help Grandpa Amu earn much money.
7．Which can be the best title for the text
A．Best Popular Video On YouTube
B．Granda Amu: A Chinese Master Carpenter
C．Unbelievable Traditional Carpentry Skills
D．China: A Nation Full Of Amazing Technology
三、完形填空
Wang Dewen, known as “Grandpa Amu” online, is a 63-year-old man. He has skills beyond the 8 of ordinary people and creates woodwork with nothing 9 a single piece of wood. He has brilliant traditional carpentry (木工) skills, 10 first-time viewers online with his woodwork.
The Chinese carpenter has been 11 Lu Ban in modern times. His most 12 video — making a wooden arch bridge, has spread quickly on overseas social platforms, 13 more than 42 million views! Grandpa Amu 14 ancient Chinese mortise and tenon (榫卯) structures in his work, a technique 15 used in traditional Chinese architecture and furniture. The entire 16 of building the arch bridge involves no nails or glue. A man 17 under the video, “A block of wood is 18 into a great work of art. You’re not a carpenter; you’re an 19 .”
He has become a real 20 on overseas social platforms — so far attracting millions of fans overseas. 21 , Grandpa Amu insists that he is not an Internet celebrity but just an 22 farmer. He has used his extraordinary skills mostly to 23 his young grandson, making all kinds of toys. He is also trying to 24 unique Chinese techniques to the world. “We 25 the idea of making the videos because we are 26 to bring our priceless culture to others and make these ancient Chinese technique come to people’s 27 ,” said Grandpa Amu’s daughter-in-law.
8．A．memory B．boundary C．reach D．acknowledgement
9．A．rather than B．better than C．less than D．other than
10．A．moving B．astonishing C．satisfying D．inspiring
11．A．compared to B．influenced by C．taken for D．identified as
12．A．precious B．complex C．special D．popular
13．A．accepting B．gaining C．providing D．witnessing
14．A．develops B．spreads C．employs D．improves
15．A．hardly B．typically C．really D．recently
16．A．process B．progress C．project D．pace
17．A．reflected B．commented C．explained D．recommended
18．A．broken B．piled C．transformed D．mixed
19．A．artist B．inventor C．expert D．engineer
20．A．winner B．hero C．hit D．pioneer
21．A．Therefore B．Besides C．Instead D．However
22．A．outstanding B．ordinary C．ambitious D．actual
23．A．entertain B．educate C．impress D．encourage
24．A．apply B．deliver C．adjust D．introduce
25．A．lived up to B．looked forward toC．came up with D．made up for
26．A．anxious B．bound C．confident D．curious
27．A．vision B．mind C．conception D．knowledge
第三部分 话题语法填空
一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Gabi Rizea only discovered his talent for woodcarving three years ago, and put 28 to good use, saving dozens of old tree stumps from being removed by 29 (turn) them into impressive works of art.
Rizea became a woodcarver 30 (complete) by accident. Three years ago, after buying himself a new chainsaw (链锯), he started “playing” with it on a block of wood. He tried carving a human face into the wood, and to his surprise, it turned out pretty good. Today, he is so good at woodcarving 31 his home city allows him to work his magic on old tree stumps and so far about 40 works of art 32 (create) in the local parks.
“In 99% of the cases, the wood just doesn’t match my ideas,” he said in an interview. “I first have to remove all the rotten parts, and sometimes, 33 is left isn’t enough for my designs.”
Following his recent rise to fame, Rizea has been asked by many 34 (city), including the capital of Romania to transform their old tree trunks 35 works of art. He promised to honor their requests, but he will never repeat any of the artworks 36 (find) in his home city.
In spite of his obvious talent, the Romanian 37 (art) recently got into art school in order to fully master woodcarving.
二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chief Executive Officer of Beijing Aiqi Technology Yang Zhang has revived the Chinese cultural practice of using the mortise and tenon(榫卯)technique for construction which is on the edge of extinction.
He used the ancient mortise and tenon technique 38 (construct)the Turret of Palace Museum at a 1:81 miniscale. The choice of “Turret of Palace Museum” 39 the theme for the mini building block project 40 (base)on several factors.
41 (situate)in the Forbidden City of Beijing, this architectural treasure boasts the 42 (delicate)design and elegant shape among Chinese royal buildings. It was historically responsible for protecting the palace. The complex layout of the turret posed 43 unprecedented (史无前例的) technical challenge for Zhang and his team of designers and 44 (develop). Unlike conventional building block toys, Zhang aimed to create a model made 45 (entire)of authentic mortise and tenon components. The entire process of design took nearly five years, with hundreds of design iterations and continuous adjustments.
The mortise and tenon technique, 46 is the primary construction method used in ancient Chinese architecture and represents the core of traditional Chinese woodworking, is gaining increasing 47 (recognize)among the public.
【参考答案】
时文阅读
1．C 2．A 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部新上映的电视剧赢得了观众的心，这个节目不仅改善了当地的旅游业，而且展现了的一些非物质文化遗产的魅力。文章详细介绍了其中的三种。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段的“The TV show also points that the traditional craft of wood carving faces challenges.(电视节目还指出，传统的木雕工艺面临挑战)”可知，简川木雕面临很多困难。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段的“The tie-dyeing technique of the Bai ethnic (民族的) group had grown in popularity as early as in the Tang dynasty, and it was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2006.(白族扎染技艺早在唐代就已流行起来，并于2006年被列为国家级非物质文化遗产)”可知，在2006年白族扎染被列为国家非物质文化遗产。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“It has been an important tradition during special events such as weddings and festivals. What’s more, people usually drink this kind of tea during special occasions.(这一直是一个重要的传统。更重要的是，人们通常在特殊的场合喝这种茶)”可知，作者认为三道茶是特殊场合的一种传统。故选D。
4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一位63岁的中国爷爷不用胶水、丝钉和钉子就能做出木工品，他的木工手艺在网上令数千万观众赞叹的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A 63-year-old Chinese grandpa's traditional carpentry skills are delighting tens of millions of viewers online as he creates woodwork without glue, screws or nails.”（一位63岁的中国老爷爷的传统木工手艺在网上吸引了数以千万计的观众，他制作的木制品没有胶水、螺丝钉或钉子。）可知，阿木爷爷通过他的木工手艺出名。故选C项。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon technique, which means no nails or glue are involved in the entire process of building the arch bridge. Grandpa Amu has also made several wooden toys for his grandson using the same technique.”（阿木爷爷遵循的是中国古代的榫卯技术，也就是说，在建造拱桥的整个过程中，没有钉子和胶水。阿木爷爷还用同样的技术为孙子做了几件木制玩具。）可知，阿木爷爷给孙子做玩具使用的是一种古老的中国技术（榫卯技术）。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Grandpa Amu now in fact is also trying to spread unique Chinese techniques and Chinese culture to the world.”（阿木爷爷现在实际上也在努力向世界传播独特的中国技术和中国文化。）可知，阿木爷爷通过视频让世界更了解中国。故选C项。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A 63-year-old Chinese grandpa's traditional carpentry skills are delighting tens of millions of viewers online as he creates woodwork without glue, screws or nails.”（一位63岁的中国老爷爷的传统木工手艺在网上吸引了数以千万计的观众，他制作的木制品没有胶水、螺丝钉或钉子。）并结合全文可知，文章讲述了一位63岁的中国爷爷不用胶水、丝钉和钉子就能做出木工品，他的木工手艺在网上令数千万观众赞叹的故事。可知，B项“阿木爷爷：中国木匠大师”符合文章大意，适合做文章标题。故选B项。
8．C 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．B 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．C 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍阿木爷爷由于在网上展现了无需钉子、胶水就能制作木制品的榫卯技术而走红海外，被誉为“当代鲁班”，他也让中国传统木工技术为更多人所知。阿木爷爷在网上走红的故事，引导考生传播优秀传统文化，坚定文化自信。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他拥有常人无法企及的技艺。A. memory记忆；B. boundary边界；C. reach范围；D. acknowledgement承认。根据下文“He has brilliant traditional carpentry (木工) skills”可知，阿木爷爷的木工技术十分精湛，故此处表示他的技术常人难以企及。故选C项。
9．考查介词短语辨析。句意：只用一根木头就能做出木制品。A. rather than而不是；B. better than超过；C. less than少于；D. other than除了。根据下文的“involve no nails or glue”可知，此处表示他打造的木制品除了木头，什么都不用。故选D项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：使他的木工作品在网上令人惊讶。A. moving感动；B. astonishing使震惊；C. satisfying使满意；D. inspiring激励。根据下文的“involve no nails or glue”可知，阿木爷爷无需钉子、胶水就能制作木制品，所以可推出第一次看他的视频的人应该会感到震惊。故选B项。
11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这位中国木匠在近代被比作鲁班。A. compared to与……相比；B. influenced by受影响；C. taken for认为；D. identified as认定为。根据下文的介绍可知，都是在说阿木爷爷的技艺高超，本空所在的第一句话是第二段的主旨句，所以人们把阿木爷爷比作鲁班。故选A项。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他最受欢迎的视频——制作木拱桥。A. precious珍贵的；B. complex复杂的；C. special特殊的；D. popular受欢迎的，流行的。根据下文的“has spread quickly on overseas social platforms, 6 more than 42 million views!”可知，此处表示阿木爷爷最受欢迎的视频。故选D项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：获得了超过4200万的点击量。A accepting接受；B. gaining获得；C. providing提供；D. witnessing目击，见证。根据上文“has spread quickly on overseas social platforms”可知，阿木爷爷的视频很快传到了海外社交平台，说明是有很多人喜欢观看，所以应该是获得了4200万的点击量。故选B项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿木爷爷使用了榫卯技术。A. develops发展，开发；B. spreads传播；C. employs雇佣，使用；D. improves改善。根据下句“a technique 8 used in traditional Chinese architecture and furniture.”可知，这一句是对上一句的进一步说明，所以第七个空所缺的意思是“使用”。故选C项。
15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这种技术通常用于中国传统建筑和家具中。A. hardly几乎不；B. typically通常，一般；C. really实际上，真正地；D. recently最近。根据上句“Grandpa Amu 7 ancient Chinese mortise and tenon (榫卯) structures in his work”可知，在阿木爷爷的作品中使用的就是中国古代的榫卯结构，根据我们的常识可知，这也是中国古代建筑的通常使用的技术。故选B项。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个拱桥的建造过程不需要钉子和胶水。A. process过程；B. progress进展；C. project项目；D. pace节奏。根据空后“building the arch bridge involves no nails or glue”可知，在建拱桥时不使用钉子和胶水，应该是在全过程中都不使用钉子和胶水，只有A选项符合题意。故选A项。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名男子在视频下评论道。A. reflected反应；B. commented评论；C. explained解释；D. recommended推荐。根据下文“A block of wood is 11 into a great work of art. You’re not a carpenter; you’re an 12 .”可知，是一名男子所说的内容，所以应该是在视频下方的评论。故选B项。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一块木头变成了一件伟大的艺术品。A. broken破坏；B. piled堆积；C. transformed改变，使变形；D. mixed混合。根据下文“A block of wood is 11 into a great work of art. You’re not a carpenter; you’re an 12 .”可知，从一块木头到一个伟大的艺术品应该是一种转变。故选C项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不是木匠，你是个艺术家。A. artist艺术家；B. inventor发明者；C. expert专家；D. engineer工程师。 根据上文的“a great work of art. You’re not a carpenter.”可知，此处表示阿木爷爷是一位艺术家。故选A项。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他已经成为了海外社交平台上的红人。A. winner获胜者；B. hero英雄；C. hit 很受欢迎的人(或事物)；D. pioneer先锋。根据上文的“has spread quickly on overseas social platforms, 6 more than 42 million views”和下文的“so for attracting millions of fans overseas”可知，此处表示阿木爷爷大受欢迎。故选C项。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，阿木爷爷坚称自己不是网红。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. Instead反而；D. However然而。根据下文的“Grandpa Amu insists that he is not an Internet celebrity”可知，上下文存在转折的关系，故用However“然而”。故选D项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，阿木爷爷坚称自己不是网红，只是一个普通的农民。A. outstanding杰出的，出色的；B. ordinary普通的；C. ambitious有雄心的；D. actual真实的。根据上文的“Grandpa Amu insists that he is not an Internet celebrity but”可知，阿木爷爷认为自己不是网红，而是普通人。故选B项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他运用自己非凡的技艺，做各种各样的玩具，让他的小孙子开心。A. entertain娱乐，使快乐；B. educate教育；C. impress留印象；D. encourage鼓励。根据下文的“his young grandson, making all kinds of toys.”可知，阿姆爷爷的精湛技术主要是用来逗小孙子开心。故选A项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还试图向世界介绍独特的中国技术。A. apply申请；B. deliver交付，递送；C. adjust调整；D. introduce介绍。根据下文的“unique Chinese techniques to the world.”可知，阿木爷爷想把独特的中国技术介绍到世界。故选D项。
25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们想到制作视频的想法。A. lived up to符合，不辜负；B. looked forward to期望；C. came up with提出；D. made up for弥补。根据下文的“the idea of making the videos”可知，应该是想出制作视频的主意。故选C项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为我们渴望把我们无价的文化带给他人。A. anxious焦虑的，渴望的；B. bound受约束的；必定的；C. confident自信的；D. curious好奇的。根据下文的“bring our priceless culture to others”以及短语be anxious to do sth.“渴望做某事”可知，作者渴望把我们的无价的文化带给其他人。故选A项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：使人们了解这些古老的中国技术。A. vision视觉；B. mind头脑，想法；C. conception概念，怀孕；D. knowledge知识。短语come to one’s knowledge“被人知晓”。根据上文的“because we are 19 to bring our priceless culture to others”可知，作者想让人们了解这些古老的中国技术。故选D项。
话题语法填空
一、
28．it 29．turning 30．completely 31．that 32．have been created 33．what 34．cities 35．into 36．found 37．artist
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Gabi Rizea成为木雕师的经过以及他成名后被许多城市邀请去将老树干改造成艺术品。尽管天赋出众，这位罗马尼亚艺术家最近还是为了全面掌握木雕技艺而考上了艺术学校。
28．考查代词。句意：Gabi Rizea三年前才发现自己的木雕天赋，并好好利用了这一天赋，将数十根被砍伐的老树桩变成了令人印象深刻的艺术品。此处指利用“talent”，应用代词it。故填it。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：Gabi Rizea三年前才发现自己的木雕天赋，并好好利用了这一天赋，将数十根被砍伐的老树桩变成了令人印象深刻的艺术品。turn作介词by的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填turning。
30．考查副词。句意：Rizea成为一名木雕师完全是出于偶然。修饰介词短语by accident，应用副词completely，作状语。故填completely。
31．考查状语从句。句意：如今，他的木雕技艺如此高超，家乡的城市允许他在老树桩上施展他的魔法，到目前为止，当地的公园已经创作了大约40件艺术品。此处为so…that…句型，引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”。故填that。
32．考查动词时态语态。句意：如今，他的木雕技艺如此高超，家乡的城市允许他在老树桩上施展他的魔法，到目前为止，当地的公园已经创作了大约40件艺术品。根据上文“so far”可知应用现在完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为about 40 works of art，助动词用have。故填have been created。
33．考查主语从句。句意：首先我必须移除所有腐烂的部分，有时，剩下的部分不足以满足我的设计。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物应用what引导。故填what。
34．考查名词的数。句意：随着其声名鹊起，许多城市都要求Rizea将其古老的树干改造成艺术品，其中包括罗马尼亚首都。city为可数名词，由many修饰应用复数形式故填cities。
35．考查介词。句意：随着其声名鹊起，许多城市都要求Rizea将其古老的树干改造成艺术品，其中包括罗马尼亚首都。结合句意表示“将……改造成……”短语为transform sth. into…。故填into。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：他承诺尊重他们的要求，但他永远不会重复在他家乡城市发现的任何艺术品。分析句子结构可知find在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语artworks构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填found。
37．考查名词。句意：尽管天赋出众，这位罗马尼亚艺术家最近还是为了全面掌握木雕技艺而考上了艺术学校。空处作主语，表示“艺术家”应用名词artist，此处为特指Gabi Rizea这个艺术家应用单数。故填artist。
二、
38．to construct 39．as 40．was based 41．Situated 42．most delicate 43．an 44．developers 45．entirely 46．which 47．recognition
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了北京爱奇科技首席执行官杨章复兴了中国文化中濒临消失的榫卯建筑技术。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：他采用古代的榫卯技术，按1:81的比例建造了故宫的角楼。use...to do...是固定搭配，意为“用……做……”。故填to construct。
39．考查介词。句意：选择“故宫角楼”作为迷你积木项目的主题是基于几个因素。表示“作为”，后跟名词作宾语，应用介词as。故填as。
40．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：选择“故宫角楼”作为迷你积木项目的主题是基于几个因素。表示“基于……”短语为be based on，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，主语为The choice of “Turret of Palace Museum” as the theme for the mini building block project，谓语用单数形式。故填was based。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：这座建筑瑰宝位于北京紫禁城，拥有中国皇家建筑中最精致的设计和最优雅的造型。分析句子结构可知situate与逻辑主语this architectural treasure构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Situated。
42．考查最高级。句意：这座建筑瑰宝位于北京紫禁城，拥有中国皇家建筑中最精致的设计和最优雅的造型。根据上文定冠词以及句意“最精致”可知应用最高级，在delicate前加most。故填most delicate。
43．考查冠词。句意：炮塔的复杂布局对张和他的设计和开发团队提出了前所未有的技术挑战。可数名词challenge在句中表示“一个挑战”，泛指，空格后单词unprecedented发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
44．考查名词。句意：炮塔的复杂布局对张和他的设计和开发团队提出了前所未有的技术挑战。根据上文designers and可知应用复数名词developers，作宾语。故填developers。
45．考查副词。句意：与传统的积木玩具不同，张的目标是创造一个完全由真实的榫卯组件组成的模型。修饰动词made，用副词entirely作状语，意为“完全地”。故填entirely。
46．考查定语从句。句意：榫卯技术是中国古代建筑的主要施工方法，代表了中国传统木工的核心，越来越受到公众的认可。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The mortise and tenon technique，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
47．考查名词。句意：榫卯技术是中国古代建筑的主要施工方法，代表了中国传统木工的核心，越来越受到公众的认可。提示词作宾语，用名词recognition，意为“认可”，不可数名词。故填recognition。