(共66张PPT)
第15讲 Units 5~6
知识建构
第15讲 Units 5~6
要点梳理
词汇拓展
Unit 5
1.proper（adj.）符合习俗的；正确的→_________（adv.）正确地，适当
地
2.avoid（v.）避免→________（过去式/过去分词）
3.loud（adj.）大声的→___________（adv.）大声地→______（adv.）大
声地，出声地
properly
avoided
loudly/loud
aloud
4.express（v.）表达→__________（过去式/过去分词）表达→
__________（n.）表达
5.warn（v.）警告→________（过去式/过去分词）
6.park（v.）停车→________（n.）停车
7.practise（v.）练习→________（n.）练习；从事→_________（adj.）
实际的
expressed
expression
warned
parking
practice
practical
Unit 6
1.train（v.）培训；接受训练→_______（过去式/过去分词）→________
（n.）培训，训练
2.blind（adj.）瞎的→_________（n.）失明
3.coach（n.）教练→________（复数）
4.home（n.）家→_________（adj.）无家可归的
5.achieve（v.）实现→_________（过去式/过去分词）→____________
（n.）成就
trained
training
blindness
coaches
homeless
achieved
achievement
重点短语
Unit 5
1.打断（谈话），插嘴 ___________________
2.让水龙头的水流个不停 ____________________
3.握某人的手 ________________
4.将某物放回去 ____________
5.插队，加塞 ________
6.挡住某人的路 _____________
cut in （on sb/sth）
leave the tap running
shake one’s hand
put sth back
push in
in one’s way
7.也，还有 ______________
8.保护，使免受 ________________
9.告诫某人不要做某事 _____________________
10.冒险做某事 ______________
11.偶然，意外地 ___________
12.不久以后 __________
13.首要的是 _________
14.到处乱扔垃圾 ____________________
15.排队等候轮到某人 ___________________
as well （as）
keep sb from sth
warn sb not to do sth
risk doing sth
by accident
soon after
above all
drop litter everywhere
queue for one’s turn
16.通过……的方式问候某人 _____________
17.在公共场所举止有礼貌 _______________________
18.碰撞到某人 _____________
19.从某人身边挤过去 ____________
20.压低声音 _____________________
21.举行关于餐桌礼仪的讲座 ___________________________
22.一度，从前；一次 ____________
greet sb with
behave politely in public
bump into sb
push past sb
keep one’s voice down
hold a talk on table manners
at one time
Unit 6
1.培训成为一名志愿者 _______________________
2.放弃（做某事） _____________________
3.向某人提供支持 _____________________
4.在工作时 ________
5.任……职，当…… _________
6.实现他们的梦想 _________________________
train as/to be a volunteer
give up （doing sth）
provide support for sb
at work
work as
achieve/realize their dreams
7.在做某事方面有困难 _____________________
8.把人们团结在一起 ____________________
9.伸出援助之手 ___________________
10.与……相似 _____________
11.天生带有…… _____________
12.来自不同背景 _________________________
13.和……紧密合作 _________________
have trouble doing sth
bring people together
give a helping hand
be similar to
be born with
from different backgrounds
work closely with
14.让座给老年人 _______________________
15.用这种方法 ___________
16.主动提供帮忙 _____________
17.康复 _________
18.给某人做手术 __________________________________
give seats to the elderly
in this way
offer to help
get well
do an operation on sb=operate on sb
重点句型
Unit 5
1.You are ______ too ____ to learn. （P64） 活到老，学到老。
never
old
2.We shouldn’t ______ ___ the books, and we should ____ ______
_____ after reading. （P65） 我们不应该在书上乱写，阅读完毕后应该
把书放回原处。
write
in
put
them
back
3.If you are ___ _____ _____, they won’t touch you or push _____
you. （P67） 如果你挡住了他们的路，他们不会推你或者从你身边挤
过去。
in
their
way
past
4.They’ll say “_______ ____” and be ______ ________ to wait till
you move. （P67） 他们会说声“打扰了”，并很有礼貌地等你让开。
5.British people are very polite at home ___ _____, ______ _____
（P67） 英国人在家也很有礼貌，是吗？
6.Just as the _______ _____, “When in Rome, do ___ the Romans do.”
（P67） 正如一句谚语所说：“入乡随俗。”
7.A friend ___ _____ is a friend _______. （P75） 患难见真情。
excuse
me
polite
enough
as
well
aren’t
they
saying
goes
as
in
need
indeed
8.Make sure that both _______ and ______ are comfortable at the
table. （P76）
确保客人和主人用餐时都感到舒适自在。
guests
hosts
9.The ________ of the talk is to teach students ______ ____ eating.
（P77）
讲座的目的是教学生用餐的规矩。
purpose
rules
for
10.It is ________ to make ____ ______ ______ while eating or
drinking. （P77）
吃饭或喝汤时声音太大是不礼貌的。
impolite
too
much
noise
Unit 6
1.They can ________ special places for _________ people ___ _____.
（P79）
他们可以向无家可归者提供专门的住处。
provide
homeless
to
stay
2.They ________ many events _______ ___ those in the Olympics,
such as basketball, football and swimming. （P80） 它们（特奥会）包
括很多与奥运会类似的项目，如篮球、足球和游泳。
include
similar
to
3.It was _________ ____ these volunteers ___ _______ training before
doing the tasks. （P80） 这些志愿者在执行任务前接受培训是必要的。
necessary
for
to
receive
4.It was very ______ ___ him ___ _____ the competition. （P81）
他参加了这项比赛，真勇敢。
brave
of
to
join
5.To Li Hai, the most important thing is ____ to win a gold or a
silver, ____ ___ _____ _____. （P81） 对李海来说，最重要的事不是
夺取金牌或银牌，而是参与。
not
but
to
take
part
6.I know some people ______ ___ _____ without _______ _____ ____
the event. （P82） 我知道有些人为这次比赛主动提供帮助，却不要报
酬。
offer
to
help
getting
paid
for
7.I chat with them, help them ________ and ______ _____ they’re
safe. （P85）
我和他们聊天，帮助他们训练，确保他们的安全。
practice
make
sure
8.___ this way, they can help the local people _______ their ____.（P88）
他们用这种方式可以帮助当地人改善生活。
In
improve
lives
9.We can save our _______ _______ and _______ it ___ ______ in
need. （P88） 我们可以省下我们的零用钱并把它捐给有需要的人。
pocket
money
donate
to
those
10.__________, he may _____ his life. （P90） 否则，他可能会失去
生命。
Otherwise
lose
第15讲 Units 5~6
考点聚焦
考点1 “be+adj.+enough+to do”句型
1.该句型用来形容一个人的性格、品质或能力，意为“足够……去做
某事”。例如：
The girl is not brave enough to go near the dog. 这个女孩胆子
不够大，不敢靠近那只狗。
2.enough作形容词，放在名词前面；enough作副词，修饰形容词或
副词，放在其后。例如：
We have enough time to learn different manners. 我们有足够的时
间学习不同的礼仪。
Kitty is clever enough to make all kinds of kites. Kitty足够聪明，
会做各种风筝。
考点精练
Billy has all kinds of different ideas. He is ___ to be a famous writer.
B
A.enough creative B.creative enough C.energetic enough
考点2 “be+too+adj.+to do”句型
1.该句型结构形式是肯定的，但表达否定含义，意为“太……而无法
做某事”。too后面接形容词或副词的原级，构成动词不定式。例如：
Andy is too angry to say a word. Andy太生气了，说不出一句话。
2.too前面若含有表示否定意思的词，如not、never、nothing等时，
整个句子表示肯定。例如：
You are never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。
3.当句子的主语和不定式的主语不一致时，可以在to do之前加上
“for+不定式主语”。例如：
The UK is too far away for Jenny to go there on her own. 英国
太远，Jenny无法独自前往。
考点精练
1.I’m not good at Maths. The Maths problem is too difficult for me
___.
A
A.to work out B.working out C.to working out
2.Lucy is only five years old. She ___ carry the books.
B
A.isn’t young enough to B.is too young to C.is so young to
考点3 “It is+adj.+（for sb+）to do sth”句型
该句型意为“（对某人来说）做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，
to do是真正的主语。for引出to do结构的逻辑主语。句中形容词表示不
定式所具备的特征和客观情况，这样的形容词有hard、difficult、easy、
necessary、possible、dangerous、cheap、expensive、interesting、boring、
exciting、important、wonderful、meaningful、useful等。例如：
It’s important （for us） to behave politely in public. 公众场合
举止礼貌（对我们来说）很重要。
It’s impossible for me to get there within 10 minutes. 我10分钟
以内到达那里是不可能的。
考点精练
1.It is impolite ___ others when they are speaking.
B
A.to cutting in on B.to cut in on C.cutting in on
2.It was impossible ___ the little boy to carry such a heavy box.
B
A.of B.for C.to
考点4 “It is+adj.+of sb+to do sth”句型
该句型意为“某人做某事真是/太……了”，其中形容词描述的是人所
具备的特征、品质。
该句型中的形容词有brave、helpful、friendly、nice、careless、
generous、confident、clever、polite、kind、honest、wrong、right、good
等。例如：
It is nice of him to give me such a chance. 他很友善，给了我
这次机会。
It is wrong of these students to look down on the disabled
people. 这些学生歧视残疾人士的做法是错误的。
考点精练
—It’s polite ___ British people to greet relatives or close friends with
a kiss.
—Yes, you’re right. But they don’t treat other people like this.
A
A.of B.for C.to
考点5 leave the tap running 让水龙头的水一直流
leave sth/sb doing意为“让某物或某人一直处于某种状态”。这里的
doing作宾语补足语。例如：
Never leave little kids staying at home alone. 不要将小孩童独自
留在家中。
考点精练
The parents left their children ___ in the park while they went to
enjoy some coffee.
B
A.play B.playing C.played
考点6 warn us not to do sth 警告我们不要做某事
warn为及物动词，意为“警告，告诫”。相关短语为warn sb （not）
to do sth，意为“告诫某人（不）做某事”。例如：
Mr Wu warns all the students not to cross the road when the
traffic lights are red. 吴老师告诫学生们过马路不能闯红灯。
考点精练
The teacher warned the students ___ the class rules, or they will be
punished.
C
A.to break B.breaking C.not to break
考点7 risk losing everything all at one time 冒着一次性失去一切的风险
risk为及物动词，意为“冒险做”，后面常跟名词、代词或动名词作
宾语。相关短语为risk doing sth。例如：
He risked his life to save the dog. 他冒着生命危险救这条狗。
考点精练
He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk ___
the good opportunity.
B
A.to lose B.losing C.to losing
考点8 have any trouble talking to people with intellectual disabilities 与智力有缺陷的人交谈有困难
1.have trouble （in） doing sth意为“在做某事方面有困难，有麻
烦”，其中trouble为不可数名词，前面可加no、much、some、a little、
little等词修饰。例如：
Jack has a little trouble in driving a car. Jack在开车方面有少许困
难。
2.常见的相近短语还有：have difficulty/ problems （in）
doing/with sth意为“在（做）某事方面有困难/问题”。例如：
I have no difficulty finding the nearest hospital. 我轻而易举就找
到了最近的医院。
Do you have problems with your spelling 你在拼写方面有问题
吗？
考点精练
The map may help when you have trouble ___ your way in that
strange place.
B
A.find B.finding C.to find
第15讲 Units 5~6
写作指导
求助号召信
写求助、倡议信时，要注意以下几点：
1.表达求助的倡议时用第一人称，而阐述帮扶对象的情况时用第
三人称。
2.求助信的时态主要用一般现在时，阐述帮扶对象的信息时可根
据情况选用一般过去时或现在完成时。
3.要介绍帮扶对象的基本信息，尤其要明确其具体困难，并拟定
帮扶的可行性举措，发出倡议。
常用句型
开头句：
1....need（s） our help.
2....is/ are in need of our help.
正文句：
1....so...that.../...too...to....
2.However, ....
3....can’t afford.../... can’t spend too much money on....
4.I am writing a letter to ask for help.
5.We must do something to help them.
6.Please/Try your best to donate...to..../provide...to..../give...to....
结尾句：
1.Many hands make light work.
2.If all of us can give a helping hand, ...will have a bright future.
3.Let’s take action!
4.Thanks for your help/support!
典型例题
阳光中学学生会发出倡议：希望小学的学生需要我们的帮助。希望小学是中国西北的一所乡村小学，很小，无图书馆或阅览室。学生贫困，但热爱阅读，希望大家尽可能地多捐赠图书。假设你是学生会主席，请根据所给提示完成一篇80词左右的求助号召信。
参考范文
Dear all,
The children in Hope Primary School need our help.
Hope Primary School is a village school in the north-west of China. The school is so small that it has no libraries or reading rooms. Some of the students can’t afford to buy any books. However, the children love reading very much. They want to learn more about the world. The students’ parents are farmers. So they can’t spend too much money on the stationery.
I am writing a letter to ask for help. We must do something to help them. Please donate some of your pocket money to them. Many hands make light work. If all of us can give a helping hand, the children in poor areas will have a bright future.
Let’s take action! Thanks for your help!
The Students’ Union
学习至此，请完成第15讲 备考练习
第15讲 Units 5~6
第15讲 备考练习
一、单项选择。
1.—Excuse me, Sir. But you’re ________ my way.
—Sorry. I didn’t know you were passing by.( )
C
A.on B.by C.in
2.—What kind of poems does your sister like most
—Those on the ________ of the beauty of nature. ( )
A
A.subject B.situation C.dream
3.—Why are you still standing here
—Because I am waiting for my ________. ( )
B
A.place B.turn C.order
4.—Boy, didn’t you see people were waiting in line Don’t ________
in!
—I am sorry, Sir. ( )
A
A.push B.pull C.put
5.The theatre is far away and there is no bus. It is ________ to take
a taxi. ( )
C
A.interesting B.dangerous C.necessary
6.—What shall I do to improve my English
—Your friend Amy is good at learning English, so just do ________
she does. ( )
B
A.if B.as C.because
7.A good friend should have many good qualities. ________, he must
be honest. ( )
B
A.In all B.Above all C.After all
8.—Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to Sunshine Hotel
—Keep walking ________ you reach the traffic light, and you’ll find it
on the right. ( )
C
A.when B.since C.till
9.—Can I shout ________ public while I am out
—No, you can’t. It is rude ________ you to do so. ( )
A
A.in; of B.on; for C.in; with
10.—What a nice house with a large garden!
—But it is ________ expensive for us to buy. ( )
C
A.so B.very C.too
11.—Just now I noticed our music teacher on the other side of the
street.
—Really I was ________ to notice her. ( )
C
A.careful enough B.too careful C.not careful enough
12.You must be more careful and ________ the same mistakes you’ve
ever made. ( )
C
A.plan B.follow C.avoid
13.—There are only six days before the dancing competition. Are you
ready
—No, but I won’t ________. I still practise every day. ( )
B
A.take in B.give up C.wake up
14.—Alice got an “A+” in the Maths test.
—________. She works the hardest in our class. ( )
B
A.It never rains but it pours
B.No pain, no gain
C.Don’t put all your eggs in one basket
15.—I think we should ask people to use public transport more often.
—________. ( )
C
A.Never mind B.Not at all C.I agree
二、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.Sadly,a few workers lost their _____（life） in the big fire yesterday.
2.Doctor Wu is busy all day. He does at least four __________
（operate） every day.
3.The host gave a brief ___________（introduce） of every guest at
the beginning of the party.
4.If everyone can give a ________（help） hand, the world will be
full of love.
lives
operations
introduction
helping
5.You should avoid ________（read） books in the sun. It’s bad for
your eyes, children.
6.It’s ________（polite） to talk with food in your mouth.
7.I never have trouble ________（sleep） in a strange place.
8.It’s ___________（meaning） to do something for people in need.
9.I hope your fashion party will be __________（success）.
10.Don’t risk _______ （lose） everything to go with him. He is a
liar（说谎者）.
reading
impolite
sleeping
meaningful
successful
losing
11.We should be polite to the _______（elder）. We will grow old
someday.
12.Actions speak _______（loud） than words. So let’s say less and
do more.
13.You need to receive two days’ ________（train） before you work
as a volunteer here.
14.The result of the competition is still under __________（discuss）.
15.The _________（home） boy often did his homework in the street
by the light in a restaurant.
elderly
louder
training
discussion
homeless
三、选词填空。
根据短文内容，从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。每个单词限用一次。
easy warn public from useful museum or parking lose drop
It’s important for people to pay attention to 1. . signs in
daily life. They remind us to know what we can do and what we
can’t do.
public
They help explain things and give us 2. . information.
Some signs can help us find our way so that we won’t get 3. . in
a new place. Some signs keep us 4. . danger. Other signs
5. . us not to do something.
We can’t stop our car when there is a sign saying
“No 6. .”. When the sign says “No littering”, we can’t 7. .
rubbish there.
useful
lost
from
warn
parking
drop
easy warn public from useful museum or parking lose drop
These signs can be seen 8. . because they usually have very
bright colours. There are often some pictures on them. These signs are
usually put in places like hospitals, 9. ., streets and parks.
If you don’t pay attention to these signs, you may risk breaking
the rules 10. . even the laws. Sometimes, you may be fined for that.
Let’s be careful with these signs around us, so that we can enjoy
easier life.
easily
museums
or
easy warn public from useful museum or parking lose drop
四、阅读理解。
①Have you ever found yourself waiting at the bus stop and a stranger comes to ask a usual question Or perhaps when queuing for a coffee, you just look at the person next to you and ask about the weather.
②This is small talk but in fact it’s a big part of our daily life. “Small talk may seem trivial（微不足道）, but it’s a natural way for people to connect. It may seem like a waste of time, but big relationships are built on small talk,” Lindy Pegler, who has a master’s degree in psychology, wrote on Medium.
③In fact, we spend a lot of our time making small talk. Often, we find ourselves making small talk with the same people. Having small conversations is the foundation of these relationships. In a study cited（引用）by The New York Times, researchers found that keeping these relationships brings us happiness and a sense of belonging to a community.
④So how does one start making small talk It can be as easy as praising one’s shirt, asking about their day or talking about the traffic. “Small talk is an act of politeness,” Pegler noted. “Our small talk at our first meeting is a chance to show who we are,” she added.
⑤So the next time you find yourself waiting for the bus or checking your watch while you wait in a line, take the chance to look up and talk to someone around you. But remember to be polite.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
1.Why does the writer ask a question in the beginning ( )
C
A.To say the importance of small talk.
B.To show his care on small talk.
C.To lead in the topic of this article.
2.What does Lindy Pegler think of small talk ( )
B
A.It is a waste of time.
B.It brings people closer.
C.It is trivial and meaningless.
3.What does the underlined word “foundation” mean in Chinese ( )
A
A.基础 B.障碍 C.前景
4.Paragraph 4 is mainly about ________. ( )
B
A.when is the best time to have small talk
B.how to start making small talk
C.who is good at making small talk
5.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage ( )
B
A.Get to know a stranger
B.Small talk, big role
C.Perfect topics for small talk(共71张PPT)
第16讲 Units 7~8
知识建构
第16讲 Units 7~8
要点梳理
词汇拓展
Unit 7
1.base（n.）以……为基础→______（adj.）基础的
2.medicine（n.）医学→________（adj.）医学的
3.operate（v.）做手术→_________（n.）手术
basic
medical
operation
4.treat（v.）治疗；招待→_________（n.）治疗；招待
5.develop（v.）发展；开发→____________（n.）发展
6.secretary（n.）秘书→__________（复数）
7.India（n.）印度→_______（adj.）印度（人）的；（n.）印度人
8.educate（v.）教育→_________（n.）教育
treatment
development
secretaries
Indian
education
Unit 8
1.dig（v.）挖（洞、沟等）→_____（过去式/过去分词）→________
（现在分词）
2.wise（adj.）明智的；充满智慧的→_______（adv.）机智地
→____________（副词的比较级）
3.produce（v.）导致，产生→_________（过去式/过去分词）
→________（n.）成品，成果→__________（n.）产量
dug
digging
wisely
more wisely
produced
product
production
4.harm（v.&n.）伤害；危害→________（adj.）有害的→_________
（adj.）无害的
5.pollute（v.）污染→________（过去式/过去分词）→________（adj.）
被污染了的→_________（n.）污染
6.simple（adj.）简单的→_______（adv.）简直；简单地
7.live（v.）居住；生存→______（adj.）活着的，活的→______（adj.）
活着的→______（adj.）活泼的；生气勃勃的
harmful
harmless
polluted
polluted
pollution
simply
living
alive
lively
重点短语
Unit 7
1.提供基础教育 __________________________
2.去看病 ______________
3.拥有平等权利 ________________
4.负担不起（做）某事 _______________________
5.在飞机（船、火车）上 _________
6.分发传单 ________________
7.创建一个慈善机构 _______________
offer/provide basic education
go to hospital
have equal rights
can’t afford（to do） sth
on board
hand out leaflets
set up a charity
8.检查一下 _____________
9.下定决心做某事 ____________________________
10.为……筹集资金 _______________
11.继续做某事 _______________________
12.为做某事感到自豪 __________________
13.举办一场慈善演出 ___________________
14.（患上）牙疼 ___________________
15.防止某人生病 ______________________________
have a check
make up one’s mind to do sth
raise money for
carry on with/ doing sth
be proud to do sth
hold a charity show
get （a） toothache
prevent sb from getting illnesses
Unit 8
1.关电源/灯/水龙头 __________________________
2.减少空气污染 __________________
3.回收空瓶子 ____________________
4.选择公共交通 _____________________
5.允许某人做某事 __________________
6.将某物分类、分组 ______________________
turn off the power/lights/tap
reduce air pollution
recycle empty bottles
choose public transport
allow sb to do sth
separate sth into groups
7.（某物）用完，耗尽 ________
8.对……起作用 ____________________
9.发展一种绿色生活方式 _______________________
10.取决于 _______________
11.砍倒 __________
12.使用纸张的正反面 _________________________
13.正在（不在）使用 _________________
run out
make a difference to
develop a green lifestyle
depend on/upon
cut down
use both sides of the paper
be （not） in use
14.对我们的环境有害 ______________________________________
15.恶化 ____________________
16.遵循这些简单的措施 _______________________
17.做一次关于……的调查 ____________________
18.保持水土 _________________
be harmful to/be bad for our environment
change for the worse
follow these simple steps
do/make a survey on
keep soil in place
重点句型
Unit 7
1.I’m ____ ______ to walk any _______. （P92） 我太虚弱，走不动
（更远）了。
2.The plane is also _____ ___ a training centre. （P94） 这架飞机也
被用作培训中心。
too
weak
further
used
as
3.Many of our patients ______ _______ ___ go to hospital, so we
have to go to them. （P94） 我们的很多病人没有钱去医院看病，所有
我们得去他们那儿。
can’t
afford
to
4.____ ________ them, we hope to help more people. （P94）
通过培训他们，我们希望帮助更多的人。
5.During my last visit, 150 patients were _________ ____. （P95） 在
我上次的巡诊期间，有150名病人动了手术。
6.But more money is _______ to ______ ____ with our work. （P95）
但是需要更多的钱来继续我们的工作。
7.You look _____. What’s ____ _______ （P102） 你看起来脸色苍白，
怎么了？
By
training
operated
on
needed
carry
on
pale
the
matter
8.So she ______ up her ______ ___ train as a nurse and ________
courses after work. （P104） 因此她下定决心接受护士培训，并且在下
班后去上课。
made
mind
to
attended
Unit 8
1.We can save water by _______ _______ ________. （P107）
我们可以通过缩短冲澡时间来节水。
2.It is beautiful, and we should try to _____ it _____ _____. （P108）
它很美，而且我们应尽力让它保持那样。
taking
shorter
showers
keep
that
way
3.______ ___ the clothes are _____ in charity shops, ______ are
______ to the poor, and _______ are sent to factories for _________.
（P108） 一些衣服放在慈善商店出售，一些送给穷人， 还有一些送到
工厂循环回收。
Some
of
sold
some
given
others
recycling
4.If we _____ litter in public places, we _____ ____ ______ by the
police. （P109） 如果我们在公共场所扔垃圾，将会被警察罚款。
drop
will
be
fined
5.We _______ ____ its _____ resources to live, so it is important for
us to _______ it _______. （P109） 我们依赖其丰富的资源生存，所
以要理智地保护它，这点很重要。
depend
on
rich
protect
wisely
6.These new types of energy _____ very _____ and will never ____
____. （P109）这些新能源不仅成本低廉，而且用之不竭。
7.As _____ ___ people, animals are ________ by pollution. （P114）
污染不仅对人，也对动物造成伤害。
cost
little
run
out
well
as
harmed
8.Our environment is changing ____ ____ _______, so it is time for
us to go ______. （P118） 我们的环境变得越来越糟糕，所以是我们
行动起来保护环境的时候了。
for
the
worse
green
9.We should ________ waste _____ different groups ____ _____ it can
be recycled. （P119） 我们应将垃圾分类以便回收。
separate
into
so
that
10._______ these small ______, and you can ______ ___ ____
__________ to the Earth!
遵从这些小措施，你会对地球产生很大影响！
Follow
steps
make
a
big
difference
第16讲 Units 7~8
考点聚焦
考点1 被动语态
1.被动语态的概念：
英语中语态分为主动语态和被动语态。当主语是谓语的执行者时，
用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。例如：
Mr Wu chose me as the host. 吴老师选择我作为主持人。（主动
语态）
I was chosen as the host by Mr Wu. 我被吴老师选为主持人。
（被动语态）
2.被动语态的基本结构：be+动词的过去分词
不同的 时态 被动语态的结构 例句
一般现 在时 am/is/are+done English is used as an international
language. 英语被用作一种国际性语
言。
一般过 去时 was/were+done The thief was caught by the brave
policeman yesterday. 昨天那个贼被
英勇的警察抓获了。
不同的 时态 被动语态的结构 例句
一般将 来时 “will+be done”或“be going to+be done”（主 语是第一人称时，也可 用“shall+be done”） The food will be/is going to be
eaten by Eddie soon. 这食物很快
就要被Eddie吃掉了。
I shall/will be sent to a village
school next month. 下个月，我将
被派送至一个乡村学校。
续表
3.有些动词的主动语态形式可以表达被动意义：
（1）smell、taste、sound、feel、look等感官动词和keep、remain、
stay、seem、prove等表示状态的系动词，其构成的句子主语可以是被感
知或描述的对象。例如：
Silk feels very soft. 丝绸摸上去很柔软。
My bedroom keeps clean all the time. 我的卧室一直（被）保持得
很干净。
（2）sell、read、write、draw、wash、run、open等作为不及物动词
充当谓语时，常与well、easily、badly、smoothly等副词连用，表示主语
的属性特征。例如：
The books sell well. 这些书很畅销。
This kind of cloth washes easily. 这种布料易清洗。
（3）take place、run out、happen、hang、weigh等描述状态的不及
物动词与短语。例如：
Great changes have taken place in our school in the last 10 years.
过去10年里我们的学校发生了巨大的变化。
This hen weighs three kilograms. 这只母鸡3千克重。
考点精练
1.The thief ___ by the police last night.
C
A.caught B.were caught C.was caught
2.You can go out if your homework ___.
A
A.is done B.will do C.will be done
3.—Frog, Mo Yan’s novel, please!
—Sorry, it ___ just now. But it will come out again soon.
B
A.sold out B.was sold out C.has sold out
4.The 2024 Olympic Games ___ in Paris. I can’t wait!
B
A.were held B.will be held C.are held
考点2 主动语态与被动语态的句式转化
1.“主+谓+双宾（S+V+IO间宾+DO直宾）”句型的被动语态转化：
主动 语态 主语 He 谓语（主动式） passed 间宾 me 直宾
a basketball.
被动 语态 原直宾A basketball 谓语（被动式） was passed to 间宾 me by 原主语（改为
宾格）
him.
原间宾（改 为主格） I 谓语（被动式） was passed 原直宾 a basketball by 原主语（改为
宾格）
him.
2.部分不带to的动词不定式（如：see/hear/make sb do sth等）的被
动语态转化：
主动 语态 主语 Andy 谓语（主动式） made 宾语 us 不带to的不定
式
laugh.
被动 语态 原宾语 （改为主 格）We 谓语（被动式） were made 带to的不定式 to laugh by 原主语（改为
宾格） Andy.
考点精练
1.—How did you deal with the money we raised last week
—We kept half of the money, and the rest ___ to charity.
C
A.gave B.were given C.was given
2.To finish the product orders, the workers were made ___ twelve
hours every day.
B
A.work B.to work C.working
考点3 proud的用法
1.proud为形容词，意为“骄傲的；自豪的”，短语be proud of意为“为某
事或某人自豪、骄傲”；be proud to do sth意为“以做某事而自豪”。例如：
Jim was proud to get a high score in the English exam. Jim为考试中
获得高分而骄傲。
We are proud of our great motherland. 我们为伟大的祖国而自豪。
2.proud的名词为pride，常见搭配为take pride in=be proud of。例如：
I take pride in having a friend like you. 我以有你这样的朋友而骄傲。
考点精练
After the college entrance examination, many parents say that they’re
proud ___ their children because they are so hardworking and
successful.
A
A.of B.for C.with
考点4 make a difference to... 对……有影响（起作用）
make a/no/some/much difference意思是“有/没有/有一些/有很大作用
（关系、影响）”。例如：
The fresh air in the countryside has made a big difference to her
health. 乡下的新鲜空气大大改善了她的健康状况。
考点精练
—Shall we go on Friday or Saturday
—Either day is OK. It makes no difference ___ me.
B
A.for B.to C.from
考点5 spread的用法
1.spread作名词时，意为“蔓延；扩散；分布；展开”。词组the
spread of意为“……的蔓延”。例如：
We will see the wide spread of green forests if we plant more
trees. 如果我们种植更多的树，我们将看到更广阔的绿色森林。
2.spread也可以作动词，意为“传播；展开；散布；铺开”，其过去式
与过去分词均是spread。例如：
The radio spread the news as soon as the accident happened. 事故
一发生，收音机就把这条信息传播出去了。
考点精练
Terrible COVID-19 ___ quickly at the beginning, but after fighting
against it for three years, we are no longer afraid of the virus.
A
A.spread B.was spread C.was spreading
考点6 As well as people, animals are harmed by pollution. 不仅是人类，动物也受到了污染的危害。
as well as意为“也；还有；而且”，当as well as连接两个成分作主
语时，其后的谓语动词通常与前面的一个主语保持一致。例如：
Tom as well as his parents is going to London. Tom和他的父母即
将去伦敦。
Jane shares her worries as well as happiness with me. Jane与我同
甘共苦。
as well as也可以用来表示同级比较，可视为as...as结构与well的
自然搭配，意为“和……一样好”。例如：
David speaks French as well as Daniel. David的法语说得跟Daniel
的一样好。
考点精练
1.Liu Ying is good at singing. She sings ___ a famous singer.
A
A.as well as B.as good as C.as long as
2.Lily as well as her classmates ___ disappointed when they knew
their class failed in the football game.
B
A.were B.was C.is
考点7 These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out. 这些新型能源不仅成本低廉，而且用之不尽。
1.【辨析】 run out和run out of
run out意为“用完；耗尽”，主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命
的名词,后面不能跟宾语；run out of意为“把……用完”，表示主动含义，
主语一般为人，后面必须跟宾语，还有“从……跑出来”的意思。例如：
His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。
When we are young, we feel that we will never run out of time.
当我们年轻时，我们觉得时间永远都用不完。
Don’t run out of the classroom. 不要从教室跑出去。
2.【辨析】 run out与use up
两个短语都有“用完”之意，但run out的主语一般是物；use up的主
语一般是人。例如：
The gas ran out a mile from home. 在离家还有一英里的地方汽油
用完了。
We used up food and water. 我们把食物和水都用完了。
考点精练
We shouldn’t waste natural resources because some of them will ___
one day.
B
A.use up B.run out C.dug out
第16讲 Units 7~8
写作指导
环保主题倡议书
写环保主题的倡议书时，要注意以下几点：
1.介绍环境污染或能源浪费等严峻形势。
2.明确环保的意义、具体的举措和个人的观点，注意运用合适的衔
接词。
3.文章的时态主要用一般现在时，阐述即将落实的环保举措可用一
般将来时，人称以第一人称为主，为强调动作的承受者可以用被动语态。
常用句型
开头句：
1.Nowadays, more and more people have realized the importance of....
2.It is important for us to....
3....has made a great contribution to environmental protection.
4.At the same time, it can....
正文句：
1.Here are some suggestions for....
2.First of all, we should....
3.Second, we can....
4.Besides, let’s/we’d better....
5.Moreover, it is a good idea to/a good way to/good to....
6.The most important thing is to..../Last but not least, it is also
important to....
结尾句：
1.If all of us try our best to..., we’ll lead a better life. /If we act
together, the world will be better and better.
2.Let’s pull together and take action from now on.
3.Follow these small but useful steps, and we can make a big
difference to....
典型例题
学校决定开展一次主题征文活动，号召大家践行垃圾分类，倡导绿色生活。请根据以下要点提示，以“Rubbish sorting starts with me”为题，用英语写一篇80词左右的短文。
要点提示：
1.意义：可以减少垃圾产生、循环使用垃圾等。
2.做法：通过书籍和网络学习垃圾分类知识，参与志愿服务等；将各种垃圾分类投放在不同颜色的垃圾桶里等；旧衣服做成购物袋，废品做成艺术品，减少使用塑料袋等。
3.个人观点……
参考范文
Rubbish sorting starts with me
Nowadays, more and more people have realized the importance of rubbish sorting. It is important for us to create an environmentally friendly society. Rubbish sorting has made a great contribution to environmental protection.
Here are some suggestions for rubbish sorting. First of all, we should learn the knowledge of rubbish sorting through books and the Internet. Second, we can take part in volunteer service to help people sort their rubbish. Besides, let’s put all kinds of rubbish into different coloured rubbish bins. Moreover, it is a good idea to make old clothes into shopping bags and waste into art. The most important thing is to reduce the use of plastic bags.
If all of us try our best to sort rubbish, we’ll lead a better life. All of us can do our part to protect the environment and encourage others to sort their rubbish. Let’s pull together and take action from now on.
学习至此，请完成第16讲 备考练习
第16讲 Units 7~8
第16讲 备考练习
一、单项选择。
1.I love this city, ________ in the spring, even though I was not born
here.( )
B
A.certainly B.especially C.properly
2.Workers have the ________ to enjoy several days of paid leave
every year according to their working experience. ( )
C
A.card B.prize C.right
3.—Nature is our greatest treasure.
—Yes. If humans don’t take action, natural resources will ________
one day. ( )
B
A.turn out B.run out C.put out
4.We didn’t go to the concert because we couldn’t ________ to buy
the tickets to it. ( )
C
A.expect B.offer C.afford
5.The students in our school can practise their spoken English________
joining the English club. ( )
A
A.by B.on C.with
6.Without enough trees, soil won’t be kept ________. And then
sandstorms may happen. ( )
A
A.in place B.in the place C.on place
7.—How will you help with the activity
—We will ________ leaflets to ask people to take part in. ( )
B
A.take out B.hand out C.work out
8.—China is a country with ________ resources.
—That’s true. But China is also a country with the largest number of
people. ( )
B
A.poor B.rich C.high
9.—Sam, could you tell me something about Earth Hour
—Yes, it calls people to ________ lights and keep them off for an
hour. ( )
B
A.take off B.turn off C.get off
10.Great changes have taken place in our city. We are all ________
the achievements. ( )
B
A.known as B.proud of C.similar to
11.—Are you getting on well with your project
—Well, it is hard for me to ________ with it. But I will never give it
up. ( )
B
A.hold on B.carry on C.depend on
12.The United Nations has done a lot for the peace of the world since
it ________ in 1945. ( )
C
A.set up B.is set up C.was set up
13.The World Cup ________ every four years. And the last one was
held in Qatar. ( )
A
A.takes place B.is taken place C.is taking place
14.—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community
—Wonderful. A lot of useful advice on self protection ________.
( )
B
A.is offered B.was offered C.were offered
15.—You look pale! ________
—Nothing serious. I’m just feeling a bit uncomfortable. ( )
A
A.What’s the matter B.How are you going C.What about you
二、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.We want the kids to have the best possible _________（educate）.
2.Reading in poor light is ________（harm） to your eyes.
3.Children should be taught to spend their free time _______（wise）.
4.Paul has finished the project on reusing _______（nature） resources.
5.This pen _______（write） smoothly. It’s a good choice to buy it as
a present.
6.Water pollution is bad for ______（live） things.
education
harmful
wisely
natural
writes
living
7.The 33rd Olympic Games will be _____（hold） in Paris in 2024.
8.Waste can be made into something new by _________（recycle）.
9.The little boy was _________（punish） by his father because he did
something wrong.
10.There are a few ___________（different） between the two pictures.
11.Lin Tao’s father is an _______（office） in the local government.
12.Since you have red and green colour _________（blind）, I’m
afraid you can’t pass the test.
held
recycling
punished
differences
officer
blindness
13.Jack was fined because he threw rubbish in a public area
__________（careless）.
14.Every year, many Chinese ________（medicine） teams are sent
abroad to give help.
15.Hurry up, kids! The school bus is coming. We have little time ____
（leave）.
carelessly
medical
left
三、选词填空。
根据短文内容，从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。每个单词限用一次。
good sick it die with provide number student happy protect
Charities have many different types when it comes to their
missions（使命）. Before you donate money to a charity, 1. . is
better for you to know it first. Now take a look at these charities.
it
Animal charities
Most people love cute animals. Now a large 2. . of
people around the world support animal charities. Their missions are to
3. . both pets and wildlife. They hope these animals can live
4. . and comfortably. Are you an animal lover Then give a
hand to these charities.
number
protect
happily
good sick it die with provide number student happy protect
Health charities
This kind of charity usually supports the5. . and the disabled.
As we all know, many people around the world 6. . of diseases like
cancer. So these health charities also work on some special medicine to
make those people feel much 7. .. This isn’t their only mission.
They also make people know about some health risks.
sick
die
better
good sick it die with provide number student happy protect
Education charities
Many people want to go to school, but in fact, not all of them
can do so. These charities are for them. 8. . the help of these
charities, these people do make their dream come true. These education
charities may 9. . money and help for many schools. Of course,
they don’t only support 10. .. They may also support excellent
teachers or parents.
These are just some of the charities that are worth donating to.
So if you like helping people, just find one that speaks to your heart.
With
provide
students
good sick it die with provide number student happy protect
四、阅读理解。
Nowadays, people from all over the world are trying to solve the environmental problems and protect the environment.
Energy protection. The plastic bottles and bags are used easily, but they do harm to the environment. Recently, a new public drinking water service is highly popular in Britain. There have been more than 8,000 liters（升） of water at bus stations, shopping centers, museums, and other public places across the capital so far. To cut plastic waste, the government encourages the British to drink the water on the street rather than buy bottled water.
Ocean protection. “When scientists found a four-meter-long whale with some plastic bottles in its stomach, every one of them felt sad,” Kong, a teacher from Duke Kunshan University, said. And there are at least 8 million tons of plastic going to the ocean each year. If it continues, there will be more plastic than the fish in the ocean by 2050. So people begin to collect rubbish in the ocean now.
Air protection. Nowadays, China begins to use the biofuel （生物燃料）. The biofuel is greener than the traditional fuel. Using the biofuel has many advantages （优点）. It comes from renewable materials. And it’s clean and green so it can’t cause air pollution. But it’s expensive.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
1.________ liters of water have been provided in London by
now.( )
C
A.More than 4,000 B.More than 6,000 C.More than 8,000
2.The underlined word “it” refers to ________.( )
B
A.the sadness of the scientists
B.the pollution of the ocean
C.eight million tons of plastic
3.The advantages of the biofuel are ________.
①renewable ②clean ③cheap ④safe( )
A.①② B.①③ C.②④
A
4.How is the passage organized （组织） （P=Paragraph）( )
A
A.&1& B.&2& C.&3&
5.What’s the best title for the passage ( )
B
A.What are the environmental problems
B.How to protect the environment
C.Why should we protect the environment (共71张PPT)
第13讲 Units 1~2
知识建构
第13讲 Units 1~2
要点梳理
词汇拓展
Unit 1
1.marry（v.）结婚→________（adj.）已婚的
2.wife（n.）妻子→______（复数）
3.pollute（v.）污染→_________（n.）污染
4.factory（n.）工厂→_________（复数）
married
wives
pollution
factories
5.interview（v.）采访→___________（n.）采访者
6.lonely（adj.）孤单的→________（比较级）→________（最高级）
7.recent（adj.）最近的→________（adv.）最近
8.communicate（v.）交流，交际→______________（n.）交流
9.exact（adj.）准确的→_______（adv.）正是，没错
interviewer
lonelier
loneliest
recently
communication
exactly
Unit 2
1.travel（v.）旅行→_________（n.）旅行
2.feel（v.）感觉到→_______（n.）感觉
3.beauty（n.）美丽→_________（adj.）漂亮的
4.busy（adj.）忙的→________（n.）生意
travelling
feeling
beautiful
business
5.flight（n.）航班→____（v.）飞
6.direct（adj.）直接的→________（adv.）直接地→_________（n.）方
向→________（n.）导演
7.delicious（adj.）美味的→______________（比较级）→______________
（最高级）
fly
directly
direction
director
more delicious
most delicious
重点短语
Unit 1
1.过去常常做某事 ______________
2.把……变成…… ____________
3.发生 __________
4.在过去 ___________
used to do sth
turn... into...
take place
in the past
5.往返于…… _____________
6.出国 __________
7.保持联系 _____________
8.习惯于某事 _______________________
9.搬家 ____________
10.结婚 ___________
11.在某种程度上 ______________
return from...
go abroad
keep in touch
be/get used to doing sth
move house
get married
in some ways
12.有时，偶尔 _________________
13.一生 _____________
14.独自，独立 _______________________
15.在过去的一个世纪里 ___________________
16.开阔的空地 _______________
from time to time
all one’s life
by oneself/on one’s own
over the last century
open space/area
Unit 2
1.不能停止做某事 ___________________
2.一对/几个 ____________
3.例如 ________
4.终年 ______________
5.出差 ___________
6.动身去某地 ____________
7.以高速 _____________
can’t stop doing sth
a couple of
such as
all year round
on business
leave for sp
at high speed
8.参加会议 ________________
9.在这天结束时 ____________________
10.在寒假期间 _______________________
11.风景名胜 ________________
12.海边城市 ___________
13.乘直飞航班去…… ____________________
14.在沙滩上玩 ________________
attend a meeting
at the end of the day
during the winter holiday
places of interest
seaside city
take a direct flight to
play on the sand
重点句型
Unit 1
1.Eddie, _____ _____ _____ my food （P6） Eddie，你看到我的食
物了吗？
2.You _____ ___ share food with me! （P6） 你过去常和我分享食物
的！
3.I’ve lived here ______ __ _____ _____. （P8） 我出生时就住在这
里了。
have
you
seen
used
to
since
I
was
born
4.Now I _____ ___ ____ _______ from time to time. （P9）
现在我时不时会感到有点孤单。
5.They often ____ the waste _____ the water. （P9） 他们经常把污染
物排放进河里。
feel
a
bit
lonely
put
into
6.Later the government ________ ____ ________ and took action to
________ ____ _________. （P9） 后来政府认识到了污染问题，采取
行动改善了这种情形。
realized
the
problem
improve
the
situation
7.It has become __________ for us to see each other ___ ______ ___
_______. （P9）对我们来说，像以前那样经常见到对方已经不可能了。
impossible
as
often
as
before
8.When did you ____ ____ _____ ______ （P16） 你们上次见面是
什么时候？
9.We ________ _____ _____ ______ since then. （P16） 自从那时起，
我们相互就没有见过。
10.Many changes _____ ______ ______ in Moonlight Town _____
____ ______. （P19） 这些年里月光镇发生了许多变化。
last
see
each
other
haven’t
seen
each
other
have
taken
place
over
the
years
Unit 2
1.I ______ ______ it _____ ____ a holiday for me. （P20）
我想对我而言，这不会是什么假期了。
2.I ran after them and ________ _____ _______ _______. （P22）
我跟着他们跑，忍不住一直拍照片。
3.I know you _____ ______ ___ Hainan. （P23） 我知道你已经去了
海南。
don’t
think
will
be
couldn’t
stop
taking
photos
have
gone
to
4.My cousin ____ _____ ___ Xi’an twice. （P26） 我表弟去过西安两
次。
5.The film ____ _____ ____ for 20 minutes. （P28） 电影已经放映20
分钟了。
6.She ____ _____ ______ from home since last Tuesday. （P28） 她
从上周二就离开家了。
7._____ _____ _____ ___ ____ ______ is in spring or summer. （P30）
去那儿的最佳时节是春天或者夏天。
has
been
to
has
been
on
has
been
away
The
best
time
to
go
there
8.My parents and I ____ ____ ____ _______ in the early morning.
（P33） 我和父母一大早就动身去机场了。
9.It takes us about ______ _____ ___ _____ ______ to fly to Hong
Kong. （P33） 我们大约要花三个半小时飞往香港。
left
for
the
airport
three
and
a
half
hours
第13讲 Units 1~2
考点聚焦
考点1 现在完成时（Ⅰ）
1.现在完成时由“助动词have/has+过去分词”构成，根据主语的人称
和数确定助动词的形式。第三人称单数用has，其他人称用have。例如：
I have heard of that man. 我听说过那个人。
Simon has played this computer game twice. 这个电脑游戏Simon
玩过两次了。
2.在疑问句中，助动词have/has提到句首。在否定句中，助动词
have/has后面加上not，可以缩写成haven’t/hasn’t。例如：
—Have you ever made cakes 你做过蛋糕吗？
—Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t. 是的，我做过。/不，我没做过。
Mr Black hasn’t come back yet. 布莱克先生还没回来。
3.现在完成时强调的是过去发生的动作或存在的状态对现在造成的
影响或结果。这种用法的特点是动作不延续，因此，此时常与already、
yet、ever、never、just等副词连用。例如：
He has turned off the light. 他已经把灯关了。（动作结束于过去，
但说明的是对现在的影响，灯不亮了）
Have you ever spoken to a foreigner 你曾经和外国人说过话吗？
4.表示过去开始的动作或状态一直持续到现在，此时常和“for+一段
时间”，“since+时间点”，over the last...years等连用。例如：
I have lived in this town since I was two years old. 自从两岁起
我就居住在这个镇上。
考点精练
1.I’m sorry I can’t get on the bus because I ___ my ticket at home.
C
A.left B.leave C.have left
2.A couple of years ___ since the earthquake took place in Wenchuan.
B
A.passed B.has passed C.have passed
3.—Have you finished your homework ___
—No, I haven’t. I was looking for my pencil case everywhere.
A
A.yet B.already C.ever
考点2 现在完成时（Ⅱ）
1.have/has been to和have/has gone to的区别
have/has been to意为“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了，可与
just、never、ever、once、three times等连用。have/has gone to意为“去
某地了”，说话时该人不在现场，通常用第三人称作句子的主语。如果
遇到here、there、home、abroad等地点副词时，介词to、in要省略。例如：
My brother has been to Shanghai twice. 我哥哥去过上海两次。
The twins have gone to school. They will be back this afternoon.
这对双胞胎去上学了，他们下午回来。
2.延续性动词和短暂性动词的区别
（1）英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，
可分为延续性动词和短暂性动词。延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这
种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响，如learn、work、know、walk、
keep、have等。延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，可与表示一段时间的
状语连用。
（2）短暂性动词表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束，
如buy、borrow、arrive、begin、come、go等。短暂性动词可以用于现在
完成时，说明某个动作的结果还存在，但通常不能和表示一段时间的状
语连用。但在否定句中，短暂性动词也可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
（3）当短暂性动词与表示一段时间的状语相矛盾时，主要有如下
几种方法转换：
①用相应的延续性动词替代短暂性动词；②用ago把现在完成时的
句子改为一般过去时；③用“It is/has been+时间+since+一般过去时”句
型来改写；④用系表结构来改写。例如：
How long have you had this book 这本书你买了多久了？
Mary and Rose have been friends since they met in London in
2002. Mary和Rose自从2002年在伦敦见过之后就成为朋友了。
考点精练
1.—Hello, may I speak to Daniel
—Sorry, he is not in at the moment. He ___ Suzhou.
A
A.has gone to B.has been to C.has been in
2.—When will the film Born to Fly begin tonight
—It ___ for ten minutes. You missed a small part.
C
A.will begin B.has begun C.has been on
3.—Jim，turn down the music. Our baby is sleeping.
—Don’t worry. He ___ for half an hour.
C
A.woke up B.has woken up C.has been awake
考点3 【辨析】 used to do sth和get / be used to doing sth
1.used to do sth意为“过去持续或经常做某事”。例如：
We used to play basketball together after school. 我们过去放学后
经常在一起打篮球。
2.get/be used to doing sth意为“习惯了做某事”。例如：
She is used to getting up early every morning. 她习惯了每天早起。
考点精练
1.There ___ a post office, but now you can’t see it.
B
A.is B.used to be C.had
2.I often got up late in the past, but now I ___ in the morning
because health is the most important.
C
A.used to run B.am used to run C.am used to running
考点4 marry的用法
1.marry是及物动词，可以直接接人：marry sb意为“嫁（娶）某人”。
例如：
She always wants to marry her ideal man. 她一直想嫁给理想的他。
2.get married to sb意为“与某人结婚”。例如：
His mother would like him to get married to a teacher. 他母亲想
要他娶一位教师。
3.【辨析】 get married和be married
get married强调的是动作，不能延续，只能与表示某一时间点的状
语连用。be married强调的是状态，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。例
如：
Lily and Mathew got married two years ago. Lily与Mathew两年前
结的婚。
The old couple have been married for forty years. 这对老夫妇已
经结婚四十年了。
考点精练
—When did you get married
—We ___ for 5 years.
B
A.have got married B.have been married C.married
考点5 just的用法
1.just作为副词使用，意为“刚才”，强调刚发生的事情。例如：
You’re too late. The train has just left. 你来得太晚了，火车刚开
走。
2.【辨析】 just和just now
just意为“刚刚”，常用于现在完成时；just now意为“刚才”，表达的
是过去的含义，常用于一般过去时。例如：
My brother has just finished his homework. 我弟弟刚刚完成他的
作业。
I called you just now. 我刚才给你打过电话。
考点精练
—Mike has ___ mopped the floor of the dining room.
—Wow, how clean! Our son has grown up and he can deal with some
housework by himself.
A
A.just B.just now C.never
考点6 【辨析】 already和yet
1.already意为“已经”，用于肯定句的句中或句尾。例如：
I have already found my pen. 我已经找到了我的钢笔。
He has had his breakfast already. 他已经吃过早饭了。
2.yet用于否定句，意为“还（未）”；用于疑问句，意为“已经”。例
如：
Jim has not finished his homework yet. Jim还没有完成他的作业。
Have you bought a new car yet 你已经买了一辆新车了吗？
考点精练
I have finished my homework but Sandy hasn’t finished hers ___.
C
A.just B.already C.yet
考点7 over的用法
1.over可作副词，意为“结束”。在现在完成时中，当事情发生一段
时间时，finish和stop等短暂性动词都要用be over来转化。例如：
The exhibition has been over since last week. 这个展览上周就已
经结束了。
2.over放在数词前面，表示“（数目或程度）在……以上，超过”。
例如：
There are over 2,000 students in this school. 这所学校有2000多名
学生。
考点精练
Overone thousand people were hurt because of the heavy snowstorm.
The underlined word means “___”.
C
A.almost B.around C.more than
考点8 dead的用法
1.dead是die的形容词形式，可作表语或定语。作表语时，表示状态。
例如：
His grandpa has been dead for four months. 他的爷爷已经去世四
个月了。
A living dog is better than a dead lion. 一条活狗胜过一头死狮。
2.die意为“死”，是短暂性动词，在肯定句中不与表示时间段的状语
连用，如表示“死了多长时间”，通常用形容词dead。例如：
His puppy died one year ago.=His puppy has been dead for one
year. 他的小狗一年前死了。
考点精练
Lei Feng ___ for many years, but his spirit is still alive in our mind.
A
A.has been dead B.has died C.died
第13讲 Units 1~2
写作指导
生活状况（家乡）的变化
在对比过去和现在的生活状况时，要注意以下几点：
1.过去的生活状况要用一般过去时；现在的生活状况要用一般现在
时或者现在完成时。
2.通过对比过去和现在的状况来说明发生的变化。
3.可以套用教材中学过的句型，学以致用。
4.最后可以表达自己对这种变化的看法。
常用句型
开头句：
Many changes have taken place in our life over the years.
正文句：
1.In the past, there were only narrow and dirty roads....
2.But now the streets are wide and clean, with many green trees on
both sides.
3.Years ago, people lived in small old houses. Now most of them have
moved into new flats.
4.They used to...in their free time, but now most families have....
5.Moreover, mobile phones make communication easier now.
6.In the past, people...but now they can....
结尾句：
1.Now people are enjoying a comfortable life.
2.I think all of the people will live better in the future.
典型例题
中国社会的发展日新月异，我们的生活也越来越好。某英语报举办以“生活中的变化”为主题的征文活动，请根据以下提示，结合所给要点补充完整，以“The changes around us”为题，完成一篇80词左右的英语短文。
in the past at present
environment narrow, dirty... wide, clean...
life old houses... ...
transport on foot... ...
opinion（s） ...
参考范文
The changes around us
Many changes have taken place in our life over the years.
In the past, there were only narrow and dirty roads in my hometown. There was rubbish everywhere. But now the streets are wide and clean, with many green trees on both sides.
Years ago, people lived in small old houses. Now most of them have moved into new flats. They used to listen to the radio or watch TV in their free time, but now most families have computers and the Internet. Moreover, mobile phones make communication easier now. In the past, people travelled around the town on foot or by bicycle, but now they can go around by bus or taxi. Many families have their own cars.
Now people are enjoying a comfortable life. I think all of the people will live better in the future.
第13讲 Units 1~2
第13讲 备考练习
一、单项选择。
1.—Have you ________ been to Xi’an
—Yes. I have ________ come back from there.( )
C
A.just; ever B.ever; ever C.ever; just
2.It takes us less time to go to Beijing because the ________ of trains
has increased a lot. ( )
B
A.price B.speed C.service
3.—What have you done ________ the past two hours, Jack
—I have finished my report. ( )
C
A.with B.among C.over
4.—Alice, would you like to go hiking with us
—What a pity! I am free every day ________ today. ( )
B
A.for B.except C.besides
5.—It has rained ________ over two weeks. What bad weather!
—Yes. It hasn’t stopped raining ________ the middle of last month.
( )
B
A.for; in B.for; since C.since; for
6.—Last night, I had a video call with my English friend Allen.
—Sounds great! The Internet makes ________ much easier. ( )
B
A.discussion B.communication C.situation
7.My cousin felt ________ when he studied ________ in England.
( )
B
A.alone; lonely B.lonely; alone C.alone; alone
8.The building is a cinema now. It ________ a supermarket. ( )
B
A.uses to being B.used to be C.is used to being
9.There are many kinds of fruits, ________ apples, grapes, bananas,
and so on. ( )
A
A.such as B.for example C.just as
10.—What do you think of the new film
—I don’t think it is a good one. ________, its ending is OK. ( )
B
A.Instead B.Anyway C.Moreover
11.—What does your uncle do
—He is a writer and ________ more than 10 books since 2003. ( )
A
A.has written B.is writing C.will write
12.Mum can’t open the door because she ________ the key in her
office. ( )
B
A.leaves B.has left C.is leaving
13.I ________ the Reading Club for half a year, and my writing skills
have improved a lot. ( )
B
A.have joined
B.have been a member of
C.have become a member of
14.—How long has your father ________ Chengdu
—Since last Tuesday. ( )
C
A.gone to B.been to C.been in
15.—Excuse me, is this the bus to the Sunshine Park
—________. Get on. The bus is leaving now. ( )
A
A.Exactly B.Mainly C.Suddenly
二、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.At the show, boys and girls wore clothes from different ______
（time） in the 20th century.
2.My mother and father got ________（marry） in spring, 2003.
times
married
3.—It’s __________（possible） for you to learn English well if you
don’t do more practice.
—I see. Thank you.
impossible
4.There is less rain in the _________（north） part of China than in
the south of China.
northern
5.All the foreign teachers and their ______（wife） will attend the
dinner party this weekend.
6.We have visited many places of interest in Beijing ________
（recent）.
7.Amy has got used to _______（get） up early in the morning.
8.The water _________（pollute） has been a big problem in many areas.
9.Simon is not in right now. Would you please call him _____（late）
this afternoon
10.We need a ________（sleep） bag for the coming camping trip.
wives
recently
getting
pollution
later
sleeping
11.You can do many things for fun there, such as _______（fly）
kites, jogging and boating.
12.Alice just couldn’t stop _________（laugh） when she heard the
joke.
13.This novel is so interesting that I have read it ______（two）.
flying
laughing
twice
14.—Where is your boss
—He has gone to Shanghai on ________（busy） and he’ll be back in
two days.
business
15.She lives alone and often feels _______（alone）.
lonely
三、选词填空。
根据短文内容，从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。每个单词限用一次。
speed so fly visit interesting
be weather closes from we
The May Day holiday is coming. My family are going to
Chimelong Ocean Kingdom during the holiday. It’s a top theme park
in Zhuhai. We plan to take a direct 1. . there.
flight
My sister has 2. . to Zhuhai on business many times. She
knows the city well. She says that the ocean kingdom is a nice place
to 3. . all year round.
As Zhuhai is in the south of China, the 4. . there can be
a little hot in May. 5. . we are not going to bring a lot of clothes.
The ocean park is far 6. . the airport and it will take us about
an hour to go there by taxi.
been
visit
weather
So
from
speed so fly visit interesting
be weather closes from we
most exciting one is the roller coaster. It moves at high 8. .. I
think there may be more shows in the evening. But my sister says the
park 9. . at 8:30 p.m. Well, I have to check it on the Internet.
I can’t wait to go there and I believe we can enjoy 10. .
there.
speed
closes
ourselves
speed so fly visit interesting
be weather closes from we
My sister says that we can enjoy many 7. . things, such
as theatre shows, parades and fireworks in the park. But she thinks the
interesting
四、完形填空。
Riding a Mobike on the street, you might hear some people speaking Chinese loudly. . .1. . to the right, you see a Sichuan-style restaurant. After walking into a store, you see that Huawei smart phones are . .2. ..
But you’re not in China—you’re in Manchester in Britain. In fact, you might see similar things in many other cities. Chinese . .3. . have been accepted worldwide.
Chinese food has been enjoyed in Western countries for a long time. To . .4. . local people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the . .5. .. Unlike Chinese, Australian people don’t like to eat meat with the bone in it. So Chinese restaurants there . .6. . big pieces of meat without bones, even for fish.
Some Chinese brands are also becoming more . .7. .. Many stores in European cities sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers. And more than half of the USA-owned drones are Chinese models. They’re not simply made in China, . .8. . designed and developed in the country.
. .9. ., some Western people thought Chinese products were cheap and not dependable（可信赖的）. But now, things have changed . .10. .. “Made in China” becomes cool. More and more Westerners have become fans of Chinese brands.
1.( ) A.Taking B.Turning C.Coming
B
2.( ) A.on sale B.for fun C.at work
A
3.( ) A.people B.restaurants C.products
C
4.( ) A.copy B.meet C.spread
B
5.( ) A.kitchens B.drinks C.dishes
C
6.( ) A.buy B.provide C.take
B
7.( ) A.popular B.cheap C.boring
A
8.( ) A.so B.but C.because
B
9.( ) A.So far B.At present C.In the past
C
10.( ) A.loudly B.greatly C.highly
B(共78张PPT)
第14讲 Units 3~4
知识建构
第14讲 Units 3~4
要点梳理
词汇拓展
Unit 3
1.Asia（n.）亚洲→______（n.）亚洲人
2.Africa（n.）非洲→________（n.）非洲人
3.Europe（n.）欧洲→_________（adj.）欧洲人的
4.America（n.）美洲→__________（n.）美国人
5.southern（adj.）南方的→______（n.）南方
6.international（adj.）国际的→________（adj.）国家的
Asian
African
European
American
south
national
7.please（v.）使满意→________（n.）乐趣→________（adj.）令人高兴
的
8.relax（v.）放松→_______（第三人称单数）→________（adj.）放松
的→________（adj.）令人放松的
9.rule（v.）统治→______（n.）统治者
10.Australian（n.）澳大利亚的→_________（n.）澳大利亚
11.England（n.）英格兰→________（n.）英语
12.dream（v.）做梦→_________/_______（过去式）→
_________/_______（过去分词）
pleasure
pleasant
relaxes
relaxed
relaxing
ruler
Australia
English
dreamed
dreamt
dreamed
dreamt
Unit 4
1.cooking（n.）烹饪→______（n.）厨师→______（v.）煮饭
2.Germany（n.）德国→________（n.）德国人 →________（adj.）德国
的
3.know（v.）知道→__________（n.）知识
4.stomach（n.）胃，腹部→_________（复数）
5.write（v.）写→______（过去式）→_______（过去分词）→________
（现在分词）→_______（n.）作家
cook
cook
German
German
knowledge
stomachs
wrote
written
writing
writer
6.ugly（adj.）丑陋的→______（比较级）→_______（最高级）
7.tie（v.）捆→______（现在分词）→_____（过去式/过去分词）
8.success（n.）成功→__________（adj.）成功的→___________（adv.）
成功的→________（v.）成功
9.sales（n.）销售量→____（v.）卖
10.copy（n.）一本，副本→_______（复数）
11.Canada（n.）加拿大→_________（n.）加拿大（人）的
uglier
ugliest
tying
tied
successful
successfully
succeed
sell
copies
Canadian
重点短语
Unit 3
1.收发电子邮件 ______________________
2.搜索信息 _____________________
3.在……顶部 _____________
4.元旦前夜 ___________________
5.在……的南端 _____________________
send and receive emails
search for information
at the top of
on New Year’s Eve
at the southern end of
6.日常英语 _____________
7.可以，很乐意效劳 ____________
8.由……组成 _______________
9.20世纪早期 _____________________
10.关于……就讲这么多 ____________
11.前几天 _____________
12.梦想…… ______________
daily English
my pleasure
be made up of
the early 20th century
so much for
the other day
dream of/about
13.实现某人的梦想 __________________
14.介意做某事 _______________
15.为……做准备 ___________
16.问路 ____________
17.订票和旅馆 ______________________
18.点餐 ____________
realize one’s dream
mind doing sth
prepare for
ask the way
book tickets and hotels
order meals
Unit 4
1.处理 ________
2.在某人的空闲时间 __________________
3.摔倒 __________
4.筋疲力尽 ____________
5.朝着某人大喊 ___________
6.继续做某事 _______________________
do with
in one’s spare time
fall down
be tired out
shout at sb
continue doing/to do sth
7.……等等 __________
8.准时 ________
9.到目前为止 _______
10.从……逃出 ______________
11.上交 ________
12.给我开启了一个全新的世界 ________________________________
13.每次，依次 __________
and so on
on time
so far
run away from
hand in
open up a whole new world to me
at a time
14.拒绝做某事 _______________
15.寻求帮助 ____________
16.把……翻译成…… _______________
17.给某人信心 __________________
18.愿意做某事 ___________________
19.一个巨大的成功 _____________
refuse to do sth
ask for help
translate...into...
give sb confidence
be willing to do sth
a big success
重点句型
Unit 3
1.______ do you usually ____ _____ _________ ____ （P35）
你通常用你的电脑干什么？
What
use
your
computer
for
2.______ ____ ____ in “the Big Apple”—New York, ____ _______
_____ in the USA. （P36） 现在我们到了“大苹果”——纽约，美国最
大的城市。
Here
we
are
the
biggest
city
3.________ ____ is Times Square. （P37） 再往前走就是时报广场。
4.____ ______ ____ New York. （P37） 关于纽约的介绍就到此为止
了。
Further
on
So
much
for
5.It’s a good place ___ ______ after ___ _____ ______ ______. （P37）
在一天劳累的工作后，这里是一个放松的好地方。
to
relax
a
hard
day’s
work
6.You can _______ _____ _______ by taking _______ ______. （P42）
你可以通过在线旅游实现你的梦想。
realize
your
dream
online
tours
7.—Would you ______ _________ me how to start this online tour
—____ _______ ____. （P44）
——你介意给我演示一下怎么开始这个网上旅行吗？
——当然不介意。
mind
showing
Of
course
not
8.—Thanks for your help, Millie.
—_____ ________. （P44）
——Millie，谢谢你的帮忙。
——不用谢。
My
pleasure
9.Australian seasons ____ ____ ________ ___ ours. （P44）
澳大利亚的四季与我们的相反。
are
the
opposite
of
Unit 4
1.Have you decided ______ ___ ____ _____ these books, Hobo
（P48）
Hobo，你已经决定怎么处理这些书了吗？
what
to
do
with
2.I have to ____ ______ ___ ______ the box on the fridge. （P48）
我得用它们来够冰箱上的盒子。
3.They ________ ____ __________ of the past. （P49） 它们提升了
我对过去的认识。
use
them
to
reach
improve
my
knowledge
4.After our ship ________ _______ the rocks, I swam ___ ____ ___ I
could. （P50） 在我们的船撞到礁石损坏之后，我奋力向前游。
5.____ ____ _____ I finally felt the land under my feet, I _____
_____ ____. （P50） 等到我终于感觉到脚下的陆地时，我已筋疲力尽。
6.My arms, legs and hair ______ _____ ___ ____ _______. （P50）
我的胳膊、腿和头发都被拴在地上。
7.He was ____ ______ _____ ___ my little finger. （P50） 他和我的
小手指一样大。
crashed
against
as
far
as
By
the
time
was
tired
out
were
tied
to
the
ground
the
same
size
as
8.Daniel _______ ________ _____ ___ ____ the computer to draw.
（P54） Daniel自学用电脑绘图。
9.______ _____ can I _____ the books （P58） 这些书我可以借多长
时间？
taught
himself
how
to
use
How
long
keep
10.You ______ _____ ___ come to our desk ______ _____. Just
_______ them online. （P58） 你不必每次都来我们服务台，在线续借
即可。
don’t
have
to
every
time
renew
第14讲 Units 3~4
考点聚焦
考点1 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
1.一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去发生的事情，
与现在没有关系；而现在完成时属于现在时，表示之前已经发生或完成
的动作或状态，其影响到现在还存在。例如：
I had breakfast an hour ago. 我一小时前吃的早饭。（表示过去的
动作，不说明现在如何）
I have just had breakfast. 我刚刚吃过早饭。（强调吃饭对现在的
影响——“我”不饿）
2.一般过去时常和表示过去的具体时间状语连用，如：yesterday、
last week、in 2008、... ago等；现在完成时常和模糊的时间状语连用，
如：“since+时间点”、“for+时间段”、so far、in the past few years等，
或无时间状语。现在完成时还常和yet、already、never、just、ever等一
些副词连用。例如：
The children went to the zoo last Sunday. 孩子们上周日去了动物
园。
My uncle has just bought a new car. 我叔叔刚买了辆新车。
3.现在完成时可以表示从过去延续到现在的动作或状态，此时动词
一般是延续性的，这些词有：study、live、learn、know等。例如：
We have known each other for 10 years. 我们认识有十年了。
考点精练
1.Mary _________（explain） why she was late just now, but we
didn’t accept her excuse.
2.I __________（be） in Hong Kong for two days.
3.—Congratulations! You ___ big progress in the past three years.
—Thank you, Mr Li. I’ll never forget the good times in Junior High.
explained
have been
C
A.make B.made C.have made
考点2 “特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构
1.“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构中的特殊疑问词包括疑问代词who、
what、which、whose和疑问副词when、where、how。例如：
Could you give me some advice on how to learn Geography well
你能就如何学好地理给我一些建议吗？
You’d better find out where to put it. 你最好弄清楚把它放在哪里。
2.“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、
同位语等成分。
3.“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构中易错点归纳:
（1）末尾的动词是否要加上介词
He didn’t decide where to go. 他还没有决定去哪儿。
He didn’t decide which city to go to. 他还没有决定去哪座城市。
上面第一个句子中的where相当于go的地点副词，go后面不用加to。
第二个句子中的which city是名词短语，作go的宾语；go为不及物动词，
后接宾语时一定要加介词to。
（2）末尾的动词后面是否要加宾语
Can you tell me what to do 你能告诉我做什么吗？
Can you tell me how to do it 你能告诉我怎么做吗？
上面第一个句子末尾不需要it，因为what是疑问代词，可以作do的
宾语；第二个句子中的how是疑问副词，不能作宾语，所以末尾需要加
it。
4.有些形容词短语后面也可接“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语，
如：be sure/afraid/clear等。例如：
Suzy was not sure who to ask for help. Suzy不确定该向谁求助。
Are you clear when to meet at the gate tomorrow 你清楚明天何
时在大门口见面了吗？
考点精练
1.We don’t know ___ it next. Let’s go and ask Mr Li.
B
A.what to do B.how to do C.what I can do
2.—Have you decided ___ your summer holiday
—Not yet. Maybe I will go to Hainan or Beijing.
B
A.what to spend B.where to spend C.how to spend
3.—There are so many new dresses in the shop, but I don’t know ___
for my daughter.
—What about the red one with a cartoon cat on it It’s really lovely.
C
A.what to choose B.who to choose C.which to choose
考点3 must和have to的用法
1.must表示说话人的主观意志，意为“必须，应该”；当主语为第二、
三人称时表示说话人的要求或命令。must表示推测时，意为“一定，准
是”，语气较肯定，多用于肯定句中。例如：
We must get there before 7 a.m. 我们必须早上七点前到达那里。
The book must be Daniel’s. I see his name on the cover. 那本书
一定是Daniel的，我在封面上看到他的名字。
2.表示否定的推测不能用mustn’t，而要用can’t，表示“不可能”。在
否定句中，must not/mustn’t表示“禁止，不允许”。例如：
It can’t be Millie’s. 那不可能是Millie的。
You mustn’t smoke here. Look at the sign on the wall. 这儿禁止
抽烟，看墙上的标识。
3.have to多表示客观需要或义务，意为“不得不”。例如：
My mother is ill. I have to stay at home and look after her. 我妈
妈病了，我得留在家里照顾她。
4.have to有人称、单复数和时态的变化。例如：
You didn’t have to tell him about it. 你不必把这件事告诉他。
考点精练
1.It’s the library. So you ___ know shouting is not allowed here.
A
A.must B.have to C.need
2.—Can I swim here
—I’m sorry. Children ___ swim alone here.
B
A.couldn’t B.mustn’t C.won’t
3.—Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green
—Yes, I’m afraid we ___. That’s the traffic rule.
C
A.can B.may C.have to
考点4 mind的用法
1.mind作动词时，意为“介意”。后接动词-ing形式或名词（短语），
动词-ing形式前也可以用形容词性物主代词作逻辑主语。它常用于疑问
句或否定句。例如：
Do you mind （my） sitting here 你介意我坐这里吗？
2.回答“Would/Do you mind doing... ”时，表示“不介意”，不能用
yes，可以用certainly not或of course not或not at all；表示反对时可以
用better not或I am sorry。例如：
—Would you mind my throwing the waste here 你介意我把废品
扔到这里吗？
—Certainly not./Of course not./Not at all. 当然不介意。
—Would you mind my opening the window 你介意我打开窗户吗？
—I am sorry you can’t. 对不起，不可以。
考点精练
—Do you mind my ___ here
—You’d better not. Look at the sign. It says “No smoking”.
C
A.smoke B.to smoke C.smoking
考点5 against的用法
1.against用作介词，意为“紧靠”某物或“紧靠”某人，后接名词、代
词、动名词等作宾语。例如：
The man put his bike against the tree. 这名男士把他的自行车靠在
树边。
2.against用作介词，意为“碰，撞”在某物或某人身上。例如：
His new car hit against the taxi. 他的新车撞到了那辆出租车。
3.against用作介词，还可以表示“反对；违反”。例如：
We shouldn’t do anything against the school rules. 我们不应该做
违反校规的事情。
考点精练
She had to sell the house even though it was ___ her own wishes.
A
A.against B.on C.for
考点6 continue的用法
continue用作及物动词，表示“继续”，常用结构有：continue doing
sth（用法类似go on doing sth/carry on with sth/go on with sth）“继续
做（没做完的）某件事”；continue to do sth（用法类似go on to do
sth）“（做完一件事后）继续做另外的事”。例如：
The students will continue learning this unit. 学生们将继续学习本
单元。
You’d better continue to finish your task. 你最好继续完成你的任
务。
考点精练
The boy continued _______ （ask） strange questions to his teacher. It
made the teacher unhappy.
asking
考点7 either的用法
1.either用作副词，意为“也”。例如：
If you don’t go to the cinema, I won’t go there either. 如果你不
去看电影，我也不去。
2.【辨析】 as well、too、also和either
as well和too常用于肯定句，多置于句末；also常置于肯定句的实义
动词之前，助动词和be动词之后；either常用于否定句中，置于句末。例
如：
I have a daughter. He has a daughter as well/too. 我有个女儿，他
也有个女儿。
We went to the zoo. Stephen also went there. 我们去动物园了，
Stephen也去了。
He doesn’t like Physics either. 他也不喜欢物理。
考点精练
If he doesn’t go to the party, I won’t go ___.
B
A.also B.either C.too
考点8 return的用法
1.return用作及物动词，意为“归还；送回”，常用在return sb
sth=return sth to sb“把某物归还给某人”这个固定搭配中。例如：
Charles returned me the money. Charles已经把钱还给我了。
You can return the magazine to them. 你们可以把杂志还给他们。
2.return用作不及物动词，意为“回来；回去”，同义表达为come
back或go back；return本身就包含back的意思，因此return一般不与back
连用。例如：
He returned to China last week. 上周他回到了中国。
考点精练
We have to ___ the robot to the shop because it doesn’t work.
A
A.return B.borrow C.lend
第14讲 Units 3~4
写作指导
阅读习惯
阅读是语言及其他科目学习中的一个重要环节，写关于阅读习惯的
习作时，可以从以下几点展开：
1.阅读的时间选择，时长安排及喜爱的阅读书目类型；
2.好的阅读方法分享及其带来的好处等。
3.对阅读的认识和感受等。
常用句型
开头句：
1.Reading plays an important role in....
2.It is necessary to read a lot.
3.I usually spend...reading books.
正文句：
1.I often borrow books from...because....
2.I am used to （doing）....
3.In this way/By reading, I have improved my... and feel much more
confident than before.
4.In the future, I plan to read...as often as possible.
5.That is really helpful.
6.Time always seems to go fast when I am reading interesting books.
结尾句：
1.Books are my good friends.
2.Whenever I ..., I will....
3.It makes me....
4.Reading is always a wonderful time.
经典例题
学校Reading Club招募新成员，要求每位想参加俱乐部的同学写一篇题为“My reading habits”的短文，谈谈自己的阅读习惯和感受。Sam 想加入俱乐部，请你根据以下提示帮助他完成这篇短文。
1.What do you read How long do you read every week
2.How do you read What do you get from reading
3.What do you think of reading How do you feel about it
参考范文
My reading habits
I like reading very much. I spend at least six hours a week reading books. I am especially interested in literary books.
I often borrow books from our school library because there are many kinds of books there. I am used to taking some notes and copying down some nice words and sentences. In this way, I have improved my writing and feel much more confident than before. I also like talking with my classmates about what to read. We often give each other useful information about books. That is really helpful.
Books are my good friends. Reading is always a wonderful time and it helps me learn more about the world.
第14讲 Units 3~4
第14讲 备考练习
一、单项选择。
1.—________ you read this book
—Yes. I ________ it two weeks ago.( )
B
A.Did; read B.Have; read C.Did; have read
2.We all know that China, Thailand and Korea are all in ________.
( )
C
A.Africa B.America C.Asia
3.My home is far from my school. Luckily, I ________ to catch the
early bus every morning. ( )
C
A.try B.fail C.manage
4.They provided support for the athletes and helped make the event a
great ________. ( )
A
A.success B.dream C.shame
5.—________ did you go back to the office for this afternoon
—To get my bag. ( )
A
A.Why B.What C.How
6.—I need to ________ my reading report next week. But I am still
wondering what I shall read now.
—Take it easy. Just choose the book you like. ( )
B
A.find out B.hand in C.go through
7.Mike did something ________ the law. He was put into prison by
the police at last. ( )
C
A.for B.with C.against
8.My grandpa lived a very ________ life as a child, so he often tells
me to treasure（珍惜）the happy life now. ( )
C
A.fantastic B.ideal C.hard
9.—Excuse me, what do the English instructions mean
—Sorry, I don’t know English ________. ( )
B
A.also B.either C.too
10.—Must I finish my report today, Mr Li
—No, you ________. You may hand it in before Friday. ( )
C
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t
11.—Could you tell me who was the ruler of the USA in the 17th
century
—Sorry. I have little ________ of American history. ( )
C
A.opinion B.message C.knowledge
12.Good books help me relax and also ________ a whole new world
to me. ( )
B
A.turn up B.open up C.look up
13.—The Physics problem is too difficult. I don’t know ________ it
out.
—You can ask John for help. He’s good at Physics. ( )
C
A.who to work B.when to work C.how to work
14.—Excuse me, could you help me carry the heavy box
—________. ( )
C
A.It doesn’t matter B.Don’t mention it C.With pleasure
15.—Do you mind if I close the window
—________. Let the fresh air come in. ( )
A
A.Of course not B.Yes, please C.You’d better not
二、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.Some __________（Canada） are singing a song at our show.
2.I don’t like watching the game any longer. It’s so _______（bore）.
3.Suzhou is a very beautiful city in the _________（south） part of
Jiangsu.
4.This novel sells very well. I ordered two _______（copy） online
before they were sold out.
5.The man found himself _______（able） to walk, so he asked for
help.
6.Playing computer games ______（take） Jack about three hours a
day.
Canadians
boring
southern
copies
unable
takes
7.It’s a ________（please） to be able to help you, I think.
8.The new school is big and modern, and there are __________
（thousand） of students in it.
9.—Will you go to see the movie The Left Ear with me this evening
—Sorry, but I __________（see） it twice.
10.Uncle Yang will visit us this weekend. He _____（tell） me that
by email yesterday.
11.Jimmy lost __________（confident） because of his failure.
pleasure
thousands
have seen
told
confidence
12.—Sorry, Amy. I have to go to Mr Green’s office.
—It doesn’t matter. I don’t mind ________（wait） a little longer.
13.Berlin is the capital of _________（German）. It’s also the largest
city of the country.
14.The factory was set up in the early _________（twenty） century.
15.The movie was a ________（succeed） because of the actors.
waiting
Germany
twentieth
success
三、选词填空。
根据短文内容，从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。每个单词限用一次。
they with just library rise end matter when remember true
Ten years ago, many people thought that the age of the physical
books（纸质书）was coming to a（n）1. .. Soon, we would all be
reading on little electronic screens and laughing at the memory of
places called “2. .” and “bookshops”.
end
libraries
But it seems not 3. . about the idea of the death of the
physical books. At least in the UK, as The Guardian noted, sales of e-
books are falling while sales of physical books are 4. .. More
surprisingly, it’s young people who are buying the most physical books.
Books become very personal objects to reading lovers. It often
starts 5. . they get the books. Many buyers of books like to write
down 6. . names on the inside cover when they’ve bought one.
And they carry books around with them everywhere.
true
rising
when
their
they with just library rise end matter when remember true
If there is a mark made on the pages from coffee or food, it
doesn’t 7. .. These small accidents make the books even more
personal. It’s just like readers of physical books make friends 8. .
them.
The“friendship” that people develop with books isn’t just about
feeling. Research has shown that readers 9. . more
information from physical books than electronic ones.
matter
with
remember
they with just library rise end matter when remember true
However, there is no doubt that e-books are here to stay. They
aren’t 10. . a “here today, gone tomorrow” thing. But it’s also
certain that physical books, which have been in production since the
fifteenth century, are here to stay, too.
just
they with just library rise end matter when remember true
四、阅读理解。
If you need to call your parents but your phone is not with you, can you remember their numbers To remember 11 numbers is not difficult. However, because of the smart phone, many of us are losing this ability. What’s more, smart phones weaken our skills at giving directions, as well as killing face-to-face communications. Even when friends are having a meal together, it’s common for most to check their phones.
According to a report by Kleiner Perkins Caufield Byers, an American company, Chinese people spend about 170 minutes on their smart phones daily. Many students are addicted to using smart phones. It does no good to their study. Research by Japan’s Education Ministry showed children who spend more than four hours a day on their phones perform much worse in school tests than those who play with their phones for 30 minutes.
It’s true that the smart phone has made our lives easier. But many also think they spend too much time on it, and this is bad for their study or work. People are trying to change that.
An app called Forest comes into being. It lets users plant a seed that grows into a tree over the next 30 minutes. During the half hour, users cannot use their phones or the tree will die.
A restaurant in Los Angeles gives people a 5% discount（折扣）if they don’t check their phones during a meal. Owner Mark Gold said he hopes it gives people a way to enjoy their meals and actually talk with friends and family in person.
1.According to Paragraph 1, which of the following is NOT the
harmful effect of using smart phones ( )
B
A.Having a bad memory.
B.Having poor eyesight.
C.Having a poor sense of direction.
2.What does the underlined word “addicted” probably mean in
Chinese ( )
A
A.沉迷 B.厌恶 C.防范
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
3.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true ( )
B
A.Chinese people spend over 2.5 hours on their smart phones every day.
B.Kleiner Perkins Caufield Byers is an Indian company.
C.Children who spend more time on their phones perform worse in school tests.
4.The app “Forest” is used to ________. ( )
C
A.encourage people to plant more trees
B.offer people a new game to enjoy themselves
C.help people control smart phone using
5.By giving people a 5% discount, Owner Mark Gold wants his
customers to ________. ( )
C
A.enjoy a cheaper meal
B.order more dishes in his restaurant
C.improve face-to-face communications
