(共62张PPT)
第22讲 Units 3~4
知识建构
第22讲 Units 3~4
要点梳理
词汇拓展
Unit 3
1.explore（v.）探索→________（n.）探险者
2.satisfy（v.）满足→________（adj.）满意的
3.lay（v.）放，搁→_____（过去式/过去分词）→______（现在分词）
4.spread（v.）（使）散开；扩散→_______（过去式/过去分词）
5.regret（v.）后悔→_________（过去式/过去分词）→_________（现在
分词）
explorer
satisfied
laid
lying
spread
regretted
regretting
Unit 4
1.rapid（adj.）迅速的→_______（adv.）迅速地
2.tasty（adj.）味道好的→_____（n.）味道；品味→_____（v.）有……
味道
rapidly
taste
taste
重点短语
Unit 3
1.大体上 __________
2.感染病毒 _____________
3.不再 __________
4.犯错误 _______________________
5.乱作一团 __________________
6.碰翻 ___________
7.出差 ____________________
in general
catch a virus
no longer
make mistakes/a mistake
in a complete mess
knock over
go on a business trip
8.免费 ________
9.给某人接通电话 ______________
10.投诉信 _________________
11.对……感到满意 ________________
12.首先 ___________
13.后悔做过某事 _______________
14.达到标准 ______________
15.试一试某物 ______________
for free
put sb through
a complaint letter
be satisfied with
first of all
regret doing sth
up to standard
give sth a try
Unit 4
1.干粮 ___________
2.睡袋 ____________
3.随着……的发展 _______________________
4.再，重新 ______________
5.以……的速度 ________________
6.以……的形式 ______________
7.漂浮到太空 __________________
dried food
sleeping bag
with the development of
all over again
at a/the speed of
in the form of
float off into space
8.在某些方面 ______________
9.与……相比 _______________
10.绕……运转 _____________
11.与……相似 _____________
12.意见一致 _____________
13.开展，执行 _________
14.毕竟 ________
in some ways
compare to/with
circle around
be similar to
in agreement
carry out
after all
重点句型
Unit 3
1.I’m ____________ ______ you to the robot shop. （P36） 我在向机
器人商店投诉你。
2.While Mr Jiang was ___ ______, the robot _______ ____ all the
housework. （P38） 当江先生在工作时，机器人会把所有的家务做完。
complaining
about
at
work
would
do
3.When Mr Jiang returned home from work, his flat would look ___
______ ___ _____. （P38） 当江先生下班回到家时，他的房间看起来
跟新的一样。
as
good
as
new
4.It seemed that in general the robot ________ Mr Jiang’s ______.
（P39）
看起来这个机器人大体上满足了江先生的需要。
satisfied
needs
5.Mr Jiang did not know ______ ___ ____ _____ it. （P39）
江先生不知道怎么处理它。
6.Robots can help people a lot, but they can also be ____ ______
_______. （P39） 机器人对人有很多帮助，但是也会带来很多麻烦。
7.Please hold on and I’ll ____ _____ ________. （P46） 请等待，我
将给你接通电话。
what
to
do
with
too
much
trouble
put
you
through
8.I ______ having bought a robot like this. （P48） 我后悔买了这样
的一个机器人。
regret
Unit 4
1.Our own planet, the Earth, is becoming more and more crowded and
polluted because of ____ ______ ________ in population. （P52） 因
为飞速增长的人口，我们自己的星球——地球正变得越来越拥挤，污染
越来越严重。
the
rapid
increase
2.It is hoped that people could start all over again and ______ ___
______ ______ on Mars. （P52） 人们希望能够在火星上重新开始，
建设一个更好的世界。
build
a
better
world
3.______ ____ ____________ of technology, by the year 2100, the
journey might only take about 20 minutes in spacecraft that travel ___
____ ______ ___ light! （P52） 随着技术的发展，到2100年，乘坐以
光速飞行的宇宙飞船，行程也许只要大约20分钟！
With
the
development
at
the
speed
of
4.Humans cannot ________ ________ water, oxygen or food. （P52）
没有水、氧气和食物，人类不能生存。
survive
without
5.__________ _____ life on the Earth, life on Mars would be better in
some ways. （P53） 与地球上的生活相比，火星上的生活在有些方面
要好些。
Compared
with
6.Life on Mars would be interesting ___ _____ ___ challenging. （P53）
火星上的生活，不仅有挑战性，还很有趣。
as
well
as
第22讲 Units 3~4
考点聚焦
考点1 简单句和复合句之间的转换（一）
1.“宾语+宾语补足语”将宾语从句改为简单句。例如：
I noticed that he was entering the room.=I noticed him entering
the room. 我注意到他在进入房间。
【注意】和notice相同用法的有find、hear、see、think、watch等。
2.“疑问词+动词不定式”将宾语从句改为简单句（前提是从句的主语
和主句的主语一致），主语的谓语动词通常是know、remember、forget、
learn、wonder等。例如：
I wonder how I should go to the airport.= I wonder how to go to
the airport. 我想知道怎么去机场。
【注意】疑问词why不能和动词不定式连用。
3.动词不定式将结果状语从句或目的状语转换为简单句（前提是从
句的主语和主句的主语一致）。例如：
He is so young that he cannot go to school.= He is too young to
go to school.= He is not old enough to go to school. 他年纪太小不能
上学。
He exercises every day so that he can keep fit.= He exercises
every day in order to keep fit. 他每天锻炼来保持健康。
考点精练
1.Can you offer me some advice on how I should deal with the
problem （改成简单句，每空一词）
Can you offer me some advice on how ___ _____ _____ the problem
to
deal
with
2.—Do you think the question is ___ for Jim to answer
—I don’t think so. He can answer it easily.
B
A.hard enough B.too hard C.very hard
考点2 简单句和复合句之间的转换（二）
1.用介词短语把状语从句转换成简单句。例如：
He was able to swim when he was 8 years old.
=He was able to swim at the age of 8. 他八岁时就会游泳。
He could not go there because he had too much homework.
=He could not go there because of too much homework. 因为有太
多作业，他不能去那儿。
2.用介词把宾语从句转换为简单句。例如：
Are you certain that Tom will tell the truth
=Are you certain about Tom’s words 你确信Tom的话吗？
His words remind me that he helped me with my English in the
past.
=His words remind me of his help with my English in the past.
他说的话使我想起了他过去帮助我学英语。
3.用介词将定语从句转换为简单句。例如：
Do you know the man who is holding two books in his hand
now
=Do you know the man with two books in his hand now 你认识
那个现在手里正拿着两本书的男子吗？
The teacher who is wearing a smile on his face is Mr
Zhang.=The teacher with a smile on his face is Mr Zhang. 那位面带微
笑的老师是张老师。
考点精练
1.At Halloween, you will see lots of people who wear special costumes.
（改为简单句）
At Halloween, you will see lots of people ___ special costumes.
in
2.I can’t pass the exam if you don’t help me. （改为简单句，每空一
词）
I can’t pass the exam ________ _____ _____.
without
your
help
考点3 So they could do whatever they’re asked to. 因此它们能做任何它们被要求做的事。
1.whatever可引导主语从句和宾语从句等，意为“任何事物，一切事
情”。例如：
Whatever I have is yours. 我所有的东西都是你的。（主语从句）
Go to the toy shop and buy whatever you can afford. 到玩具店去
买任何你能买得起的东西。（宾语从句）
2.whatever还可以引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管什么，无论什
么”，相当于no matter what。例如：
Don’t lose heart, whatever/no matter what you do. 无论你做什么，
都不要丧失信心。
考点精练
She won’t give up her dream ___ happens.
B
A.whenever B.whatever C.wherever
考点4 【辨析】 no longer和no more
1.no longer相当于not...any longer，主要用来表示时间或距离上的
“不再”，对现在的情况和过去的情况加以比较，多用于现在时。它一般
修饰延续性动词，表示某个动作或状态不再延续下去。例如：
He no longer lives here. 他不再住这儿了。
2.no more相当于not...any more，主要用来表示数量或程度上的“不
再”。它一般修饰短暂性动词，表示某个动作不再重复发生。例如：
Prepare no more big pumpkins for Halloween. 不用再为万圣节准
备更多的大南瓜了。
考点精练
1.—You must be excited because you’re going back to your hometown
soon.
—Yes, I can’t wait ___.
A
A.any longer B.no more C.no longer
2.The robot no _______ （long） worked properly after it caught a
virus.
longer
考点5 A good robot should only need checking every 6 months. 一个好的机器人仅需六个月检查一次。
need后面接doing表示被动。相当于to be done。例如：
The floor needs washing. = The floor needs to be washed. 地板需
要擦了。
Your hair needs cutting. = Your hair needs to be cut. 你的头发需
要剪了。
考点精练
Your robot needs ___ once a month. And we will check it for you for
free.
C
A.to check B.checked C.to be checked
考点6 I regret having bought a robot like this. 我后悔买了像这样的一个机器人。
1.表示遗憾或后悔做过某事，其后通常接动名词。例如：
I regret spending so much money. 我后悔花了这么多钱。
2.表示很遗憾要做某事，后接不定式。例如：
I regret to say that you have failed the exam. 我很遗憾地告诉你，
你考试不及格。
考点精练
—Did you talk back to your mother when you were a child
—Yes. But now I realize I was wrong. I really regret ___ that silly
thing to my mum.
C
A.do B.to do C.doing
考点7 compare的用法
compare是动词，意为“比较”，常构成compare...with/to，意为
“把……同……比较”，compare...to 还可意为“把……比作……”。例如：
The police compared the fingerprints on the gun with/to those on
the door. 警察将枪上的指纹与门上的相比较。
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作
一个舞台。
考点精练
___ with last year, this year the number of people who travelled to
Beijing has increased rapidly.
A
A.Compared B.Comparing C.To compare
第22讲 Units 3~4
写作指导
机器人的利弊
该类短文结构一般分为三部分：
1.机器人的优点，请举例说明；
2.机器人的缺点，请举例说明；
3.个人观点，可结合前两点的侧重进行归纳总结。
文章主要采用一般现在时和第三人称，表达个人观点时用第一人称。
常用句型
开头句：
1.Now...are used more and more widely.
2.Now more and more people are thinking about to buy....
正文句：
1.In many ways, ...help us a lot. 2.They can help people with housework,
like...and so on.
3.They allow people to...
4.However, if..., it will no longer work properly.
5.You need to...often.
6.Sometimes...may be in a complete mess because of it.
结尾句：
1.I think...make our life much easier.
2....can be much better with the development of technology.
典型例题
现在家用机器人的使用越来越广泛，请你用英语写一篇使用机器人的利弊，80词左右。提示如下，需将要点补充完整并展开合理想象，作适当发挥。要点如下：
优点 1. 做家务；2. 照顾老人和小孩；3. ……
缺点 1. 需要经常换电池；2. 易感染病毒；
3. ……
观点 1. 生活便捷；2. ……
参考范文
Now homerobots are used more and more widely.
In many ways, robots help us a lot. They can help people with housework, like ironing clothes, cooking meals and so on. They can look after the old and kids. They allow people to have more time to relax.
However, if the robot catches a virus, it will no longer work properly. You need to change the battery often. Sometimes your house may be in a complete mess because of it.
I think robots make our life much easier. They can be designed much better with the development of technology.
学习至此，请完成第22讲 备考练习
第22讲 Units 3~4
第22讲 备考练习
一、单项选择。
1.—I love my school. It always tries its best to ________ our needs.
—How lucky you are!( )
A
A.satisfy B.realize C.encourage
2.—What a terrible ________ you have made!
—Sorry. I will clear it up right now. ( )
B
A.matter B.mess C.habit
3.—It’s dangerous to drive after drinking.
—That’s true. It can increase the ________ of traffic accidents. ( )
C
A.advantage B.stress C.risk
4.—May I speak to Mr Smith
—________, please. Here he comes. ( )
C
A.Hang out B.Pick up C.Hold on
5.Here are many kinds of food. You can take ________ you like.
( )
A
A.whatever B.whenever C.wherever
6.—It has been about two years since the “double reduction” policy
was ________.
—Yes. Both schools and families benefit a lot from it. ( )
A
A.carried out B.carried on C.worked out
7.My teacher was so satisfied ________
Henry’s composition that he read it for us in class. ( )
C
A.to B.about C.with
8.—I’m sorry, Sir. I’ve made lots of mistakes in the monthly exam.
—Never mind. ________, the exam is a bit difficult. ( )
C
A.In all B.Above all C.After all
9.—If you always ________ yourself with others, you may have tons
of pressure.
—I feel the same way. One should believe in himself. ( )
B
A.connect B.compare C.consider
10.—Alice, did you find our school yesterday
—Yes, but with the police’s help. It has ________ changed over these
years. ( )
C
A.hardly B.partly C.completely
11.You needn’t regret ________ the film. It isn’t worth watching at all.
( )
A
A.missing B.missed C.to miss
12.If the customer rings up for me again, please ________ the call to
the sales department. ( )
C
A.run through B.look through C.put through
13.—What rules should I follow while working here, Sir
—________, you must be always on time. ( )
B
A.From then on B.First of all C.By the way
14.—By the way, could you please tell us ________
—From the Internet. ( )
C
A.why you are interested in our company
B.where did you hear about our company
C.where you heard about our company
15.—I don’t think we can find a better planet than the Earth.
—________ And that’s why we should protect it carefully. ( )
A
A.Me neither. B.I hope so. C.I disagree.
二、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.Today is Tony’s birthday. His mother bought the cake _________
（special） for him.
2.Are you ________（satisfy） with your new bike, Millie
3.After a long discussion, the family reached an __________（agree）.
4.The system of my computer runs _________（smooth）.
5.If you use this fridge _________（proper）, it may work for you for
quite a few years.
specially
satisfied
agreement
smoothly
properly
6.If you are _______（sure） what to do next, you can ask Susan.
7.This pink smartphone is the latest ________（produce） of our
company.
8.Parents often ask their children not to talk to _________（strange）.
9.If my bedroom needs ________（clean）, I just tell my robot to do
the work when I’m out.
10.The corals（珊瑚） are beautiful, but if the sea water is ________
（pollute）, they will die soon.
unsure
product
strangers
cleaning
polluted
11.Sitting in front of the computer too long makes one feel very
_____________（comfortable）.
12.Usually, dried food is not so _____（taste） as the fresh food.
13.The total of the cars in China is still increasing _______（rapid）.
14.We must accept the __________（possible） that we might be
wrong.
15.If you don’t like to visit the place when it’s _________（crowd）,
please come on weekdays.
uncomfortable
tasty
rapidly
possibility
crowded
三、选词填空。
根据短文内容，从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。每个单词限用一次。
than task without save help although use together take special
In recent years, with more and more cars on the road, flying robots
are 1. . to deliver（递送）mails. Flying robots can carry mails to
people’s houses 2. . having to deal with heavy traffic. But it will
3. . them too much time to return. A research centre is trying to
improve its flying robots with the 4. . of homing pigeons（信鸽）.
used
without
spend
help
Homing pigeons are pigeons that are5. . trained to fly
home from somewhere else. In tests, researchers found that homing
pigeons were more efficient 6. . flying robots at returning to their
home. So the research centre is trying to use a flying robot,
7. . with a homing pigeon, to deliver mails. After the robot
finishes its 8. ., it can follow the pigeon back in the shortest
possible time.
specially
than
together
tasks
9. . it will cost more money to raise pigeons, the
research centre says that it can 10. . time. And the time it saves
will make up for the cost.
Although
save
than task without save help although use together take special
四、完形填空。
“Turn left! Turn right!” In the IT class, Zhang Xuan was controlling a robot to move around.
“This is part of . .1. . AI courses,” said a student from Beijing 101 Middle School. The school . .2. . AI classes for students. Besides compulsory （必修的） courses, there are also optional （选修的） courses . .3. . students want to learn more.
“This term, we have learned coding（编程） through a programing language called Python,” said Zhang. Using Python to code is a . .4. . skill for training AI models. In recent years, Python has been tested in school exams in . .5. . like Beijing, Jiangsu and Anhui.
It is getting popular to have AI education in many places. Zhejiang has become a typical . .6. .. In 2020, Zhejiang began to add AI education into textbooks from Grade 5 to senior high.
“With the development of technology, our textbooks have been changing all the time,” said Shang Yin, an IT . .7. . from Beijing 101 Middle School. “From typing . .8. . today’s coding and AI, the courses are keeping up with the times and teaching students necessary skills.” “In the future, AI knowledge will be used . .9. .. People might have to . .10. . things like ChatGPT. AI education will become increasingly important,” Shang added.
1.( ) A.his B.their C.our
C
2.( ) A.provides B.stops C.receives
A
3.( ) A.unless B.if C.until
B
4.( ) A.basic B.terrible C.strange
A
5.( ) A.homes B.places C.years
B
6.( ) A.example B.method C.idea
A
7.( ) A.cook B.teacher C.driver
B
8.( ) A.to B.at C.with
A
9.( ) A.clearly B.wisely C.widely
C
10.( ) A.bring B.understand C.complete
B(共73张PPT)
第21讲 Units 1~2
知识建构
第21讲 Units 1~2
要点梳理
词汇拓展
Unit 1
1.tiring（adj.）使人疲劳的→_____（adj.）疲劳的
2.raising（n.）升高→_____（v.）升高；饲养；募集
3.hang（v.）垂下→____________（过去式）→____________（过去分
词）
tired
raise
hung/hanged
hung/hanged
4.eastern（adj.）东部的→_____（n.）东方
5.Japan（n.）日本→_________（n.）日本人；日语→_________（adj.）
日本（人）的
east
Japanese
Japanese
Unit 2
1.inventor（n.）发明者→_______（v.）发明→_________（n.）发明物；
创意
2.fighter（n.）战斗者；战斗机→______（v.）与……打仗（架）
→_______（过去式/过去分词）
3.Russian（n.）俄罗斯人→_________（复数）→_______（n.）俄罗斯
invent
invention
fight
fought
Russians
Russia
4.serve（v.）服役；服务→_______（n.）服务
5.pride（n.）骄傲→______（adj.）骄傲的
6.scientist（n.）科学家→________（n.）科学
7.discovery（n.）发现→________（v.）发现
8.advantage（n.）优势→____________（n.）缺点
service
proud
science
discover
disadvantage
重点短语
Unit 1
1.变成 _________
2.很值得参观 ___________________________
3.休息 ___________
4.在……的中间 ________________
turn into
be well worth a visit/visiting
take a rest
in the middle of
5.悬垂 ___________
6.向上伸展 ______________
7.被誉为 _____________
8.乘船旅行 _______________
9.某一天 ________
10.占据（空间）;占用（时间） ________
11.四分之三 _____________
hang down
point upwards
be praised as
take a boat trip
one day
take up
three quarters
12.随意走走 ___________
13.动身去 _________
14.把脸转过去 __________
15.（坦然地）直视 ________________
16.位于 ______
get around
leave for
look away
look in the eyes
lie in
Unit 2
1.失去控制 ______________
2.缩短 __________
3.在某人回来的路上 __________________
4.步入，踏上 _____________
5.被授予 _________________
6.对……产生很大影响 _____________________________
out of control
cut...short
on one’s way back
step out onto
be presented with
make a great difference （to）
7.手工 _________
8.推动了……的使用 ___________________
9.嫁给某人 _________
10.碰巧 __________
11.被引进…… _________________
12.现在，目前 __________
13.增加了…… ___________
by hand
push for the use of
marry sb
happen to
be introduced into
at present
increase by
重点句型
Unit 1
1.We’d better _____ ________. （P6）我们最好继续前行。
2.With wonderful buildings and art treasures inside, it ___ _____
______ a visit. （P8） 它里面有宏伟的建筑和艺术珍宝，很值得参观。
keep
moving
is
well
worth
3.Many tourists like to gather there early in the morning to ______
____ _______ ___ the national flag. （P8） 许多游客喜欢一大早聚集
在那里观看升国旗仪式。
watch
the
raising
of
4.It runs for over 6,000 kilometers across northern China, with
watchtowers ______ _____ ________ metres. （P8） 它在中国北部地
区绵延6000多千米，每隔几百米设有瞭望塔。
every
few
hundred
5.East or west, Guilin __________ is best. （P9） 桂林山水甲天下。
6.It lies ____ ____ _____ ______ of the Lijiang River. （P9） 它位于
漓江两岸。
landscape
on
the
two
sides
7.As an old saying goes, “He who ____ ______ _____ ___ the Great
Wall is not a true man.” （P10）
正如俗话所说：“不到长城非好汉。”
has
never
been
to
8.There are many stone lions ____ ______ _____ of it. （P12）
桥两边有很多石狮子。
on
either
side
Unit 2
1.Who do you think is the greatest person ___ _______ （P20）
你认为史上最伟大的人是谁？
in
history
2.He became interested in flying when he _____ ____ _____ ______
at the age of six. （P22） 在他六岁参加第一次飞行时，他就开始对飞
行感兴趣。
took
his
first
flight
3.Armstrong joined the navy in 1949 and _______ ___ ___ _____ for
three years. （P22） Armstrong在1949年加入海军并作为一名飞行员服
役三年。
served
as
a
pilot
4.On 20 July 1969, Armstrong became the first man ___ ______ on
the Moon. （P23） 1969年7月20日，Armstrong成为第一个登上月球的
人。
to
walk
5.It was brave of him to go to a place that was _________ ___
humans at that time. （P30） 他很勇敢，到一个当时人类未知的地方
去。
unknown
to
6.That is _____ I _______ him so much. （P33） 这就是我如此钦佩
他的原因。
why
admire
第21讲 Units 1~2
考点聚焦
考点1 代词it的用法
1.我们常用it作人称代词，代替人、事、物等。
（1）it指代未知的人。例如：
Oh, my mobile phone is ringing. It is my aunt. 啊，我的电话响
了，是我婶婶打来的。
（2）it指代动物或无生命的事物。例如：
Look at the Wanshou Hill. It is really beautiful. 看看万寿山，真
漂亮。
（3）it指代不清楚性别的小孩。例如：
She will have a baby soon. She hopes it will be a girl. 她很快要
生小孩了，她希望是个女孩。
（4）it指代上文中的情形。例如：
I want to take a boat trip on the lake. It must be great fun. 我想
在湖里乘船游览，肯定很有意思。
（5）it还指代时间、日期、天气、距离等。例如：
It’s 11:55 a.m. 现在是上午11点55分了。
It’s 18 February today. 今天是2月18日。
It will be sunny in Shanghai. 上海会是晴天。
It’s about 1,300 kilometers from Beijing to Shanghai. 从北京到上
海大约有1300千米。
2.it作为形式主语，常用于下列句型中：
（1）“It is+adj.+（of/for...+）to...”意为“（某人）做某事如何”。
例如：
It’s tiring for me to climb the steps. 爬这些楼梯真累。
（2）“It is+n.+to...”意为“做什么事是……”。例如：
It’s his duty to look after the sick boy. 照顾这个生病的男孩是他
的责任。
（3）It is + adj. +that从句。例如：
It is important that we should learn English well. 我们应该学好英
语，这很重要。
（4）“It takes （sb） some time to do sth”意为“（某人）花一些
时间做某事”。例如：
It takes me 5 hours to get to Shanghai. 到上海花了我5个小时。
（5）It is said/reported/believed...+ that 从句。例如：
It is said that Shanghai has the largest population in China. 据说
上海有中国最多的人口。
3.it作为形式宾语，常用句型：sb think（s）/find（s）/...it
easy/difficult/...to...。例如：
I find it interesting to ride around the city. 我发现骑自行车绕着这
个城市转转很有意思。
4.【辨析】 it与one
代词it和one都可以代替上文中提到的可数名词。it特指上文提到的
同一物品，但one泛指上文中提到的同类物（复数用ones，主格和宾格
相同）。例如：
I want this computer, but I can’t afford it. 我想要这台电脑，但我
买不起。（it特指前半句中的computer）
We have more than a pen in our shop. Do you want one 我们商
店里有很多钢笔，你想要一支吗？（one泛指上文提到的钢笔中的一支）
考点精练
1.—There is a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow
it
—No, I’d rather buy ___ in the bookstore.
A
A.one B.that C.it
2.The twins look the same, even their father finds ___ difficult to tell
them from each other.
C
A.that B.this C.it
考点2 时态的区别
1.一般现在时和现在进行时
（1）一般现在时可以表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态；
而现在进行时表示正在发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：
I often take a bus to school. 我常乘公共汽车去学校。
He is looking after his son now. 他现在正在照顾他的儿子。
（2）一般现在时可以表示一个动作接着一个动作，表示事件的连
续性；而现在进行时表示两个动作同时进行。例如：
The film is over and he goes home. 电影结束了，他回家了。
He is doing his homework and his father is cooking. 他在做家庭
作业，他的爸爸在做饭。
（3）一般现在时可以表示按照时间表或计划表要做的事情；而现
在进行时表示正在发生或将要发生的动作或事情。例如：
The class begins at 2 p.m. 这节课在下午两点钟开始。
The bus is coming. 公共汽车就要来了。
（4）与一般现在时连用的时间状语有always、often、usually、
sometimes、seldom、never、on Sundays、every day、every year、once
a year、three times a year等，与现在进行时连用的时间状语有at the
moment、now等。
2.一般过去时和过去进行时
（1）一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或者存在的状态；过去进行
时强调在过去某个时间内正在进行的动作。例如：
He went home by car yesterday. 昨天他乘小汽车回家了。
He was shopping at 8 yesterday evening. 昨天晚上八点他正在购
物。
（2）一般过去时可以表示过去特定时间一次完成的具有先后顺序
的几个动作，此时一般不出现时间状语；而过去进行时表示过去同一时
间发生的事情。例如：
He went home and did his homework. 他回家做他的家庭作业了。
He was cooking while his father was watching TV. 他在做饭，他
爸爸在看电视。
3.一般过去时和现在完成时
（1）一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或者存在的状态；现在完成
时强调过去的动作对现在的影响。例如：
He went home with his father last night. 他昨天晚上和他的爸爸
一起回家了。
He has already bought two cars. 他已经买了两辆车了。
（2）一般过去时可以表示过去某个时间发生的动作；而现在完成
时可以表示过去某个动作一直持续到现在。例如：
He came here two years ago. 他两年前来到这里。
He has travelled to most of the cities in China since five years
ago. 五年来他已游遍了中国的大多数城市。
考点精练
1.I ___ about my sister when my phone rang. It was her!
C
A.think B.will think C.was thinking
2.I was preparing for my school project when my sister ___ me to
help her carry a heavy box.
B
A.asks B.asked C.was asking
3.—Where is your brother
—He ___ for France for further study.
B
A.leaves B.has left C.left
考点3 ...it takes up three quarters of the area. ……它占了四分之三的面积。
1.take up此处意为“占据（空间）”， 还可意为“占用（时间）”。例
如：
The table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占空间了。
I won’t take up any more of your time. 我不会占用你更多的时间。
2.three quarters意为“四分之三”。
（1）分数表达法：分子是基数词，分母是序数词，如果分子大于
一，分母要用复数形式，在分子与分母之间可加连字符也可不加连字符。
例如：
三分之一 one third
三分之二 two thirds
二分之一 one （a） half（不能用one second）
（2）“分数+of+名词结构”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数视of后面的
名词而定。如果名词是复数，谓语动词用复数形式；如果名词是单数或
不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
According to the survey, two thirds of the students are interested
in watching TV. 据调查，三分之二的学生对看电视感兴趣。
It is reported that three quarters of the water was polluted. 据报道
四分之三的水被污染了。
考点精练
1.—Dear, do you think the old table ___ too much space for our new
house
—Yes, I agree with you. Let’s go to buy a smaller one.
C
A.makes up B.puts up C.takes up
2.________ of the students in our class ________ going to the summer
camp in Xiamen next week.( )
C
A.Two fifths; is B.Second fifths; are C.Two fifths; are
考点4 the second largest population in the world 世界上人口第二多（国家）
1.形容词最高级前有序数词、物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等
限定词修饰时，最高级前不用the。
2.population意为“人口”，其用法如下：
（1）population在句中作主语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。
例如：
The world’s population is increasing faster and faster. 世界人口增
长得越来越快。
（2）当population与分数或百分数连用，在句中作主语时，谓语动
词多用复数形式。例如：
About seventy percent of the population here are farmers. 这里大
约有百分之七十的人口是农民。
（3）表示某国、某城市有多少人口时，可用“某国/某城市+has a
population of...”或者“The population of+某国/某城市+is...”。例如：
The big city has a population of about 5 million. =The population
of the big city is about 5 million. 这个大城市大约有500万人。
（4）表示人口的“多”要用large/big，“少”要用 small。例如：
India has a large population. 印度人口众多。
（5）对人口的数量进行提问时应使用what或how large。例如：
What’s the population of the city =How large is the population of
the city 这个城市的人口是多少
考点精练
1.—___ is the population of the city
—About seven million.
A
A.What B.How C.How much
2.The world’s population is increasing faster and faster. As a result, the
world’s population is becoming ___.
B
A.more and more B.larger and larger C.smaller and smaller
考点5 There are many stone lions on either side of it. 桥两边有很多石狮子。
1.either在此处用作限定词，意为“（两者中的）任何一个；（两者
中的）每一个”。例如：
You can sit on either end of the boat. 你坐在船的哪一头都行。
2.either可作代词，意为“两者中任何一个”，常与of连用。作主语时，
谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
Either of the skirts is OK. 这两件裙子哪件都行。
3.either作副词时，可意为“也”， 常用于否定句句末。例如：
I am not a worker, either. 我也不是工人。
考点精练
—Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning
—___ is OK. I’m free today and tomorrow.
A
A.Either B.Neither C.both
第21讲 Units 1~2
写作指导
我最佩服的人
写你最佩服的人，可以写社会上的英雄人物，也可以写身边的亲人、
朋友或同学。选取适合自己的写作对象后，充分利用教材中学过的表达
方式进行叙述或描写。
1.一般在第一段点明最钦佩的人是谁。第二段简要介绍他/她的主要
事迹，并说明他/她身上有哪些精神值得你学习。第三段表明自己要向
他/她学习，并说明要如何做来实现自己的人生价值。
2.用第一人称和第三人称相结合来写作，时态以一般现在时为主。
介绍事迹时，用一般过去时。
常用句型
开头句：
1.Everyone may appreciate the heroes in society. So do I.
2.The heroes can be regarded as the examples in our daily life.
3.I want to learn from....
正文句：
1....is so great.
2.It’s very...to do it. ... is never afraid of it.
3.His/Her great...always bring out the best in me.
4.I admire him/her because he can overcome all kinds of difficulties....
结尾句：
1.I want to be a great man like....
2.To achieve my dream, I’ll work hard and face all kinds of challenges
like her/him.
3.I believe I can succeed.
典型例题
榜样就是那些闪耀着奋进之光的人。榜样是明灯，为我们指引方向。他们的言行举止激励着我们，他们的思想品格感召着我们，榜样的力量是无穷的。在你的成长过程中，一定有很多值得学习的榜样，比如英雄人物、时代楷模、亲人、朋友、同学等。请以“The power of an example”为题，写一篇英语短文，谈一谈你心中的榜样以及他（她）的优秀品质对你产生的影响。
参考范文
The power of an example
Everyone may appreciate the heroes in society. So do I. The heroes can be regarded as the examples in our daily life. I want to learn from Yang Liwei, who is a Chinese astronaut.
Yang Liwei is so great. He is the first man to go into space in China. It’s very dangerous to do it. But Yang is never afraid of it. His great bravery and perseverance always bring out the best in me. I admire him because he can overcome all kinds of difficulties in training and face all the dangers in space.
I want to be a great man like Yang Liwei. To achieve my dream, I’ll work hard and face all kinds of challenges like him. I believe I can succeed.
学习至此，请完成第21讲 备考练习
第21讲 Units 1~2
第21讲 备考练习
一、单项选择。
1.—The children look ________.
—Yes. After all, the journey was long and ________.( )
B
A.tired; tired B.tired; tiring C.tiring; tired
2.The ________ of the museum is very unusual. It looks like a ship.
( )
C
A.colour B.size C.shape
3.I won’t ________ any more of your time. But would you give me a
direct “yes” or “no” ( )
B
A.put up B.take up C.make up
4.—How nice your bike is! Where did you get ________ I’d like to
buy ________, too.
—In the shop near the city centre. ( )
A
A.it; one B.one; one C.one; it
5.—________ the population of China
—About 1.4 billion. ( )
B
A.What are B.What is C.How many are
6.Kunming is a beautiful city ________ the south-west of China.( )
C
A.on B.to C.in
7.On the wall ________ two large photos. Aren’t they beautiful ( )
B
A.hanging B.hang C.hangs
8.—Can a plane fly ________ the Atlantic Ocean
—Yes. But it needs to go ________ the clouds for hours. ( )
A
A.across; through B.through; over C.across; across
9.Kunqu opera is ________ thought to be one of the symbols of
Suzhou. ( )
B
A.hardly B.widely C.suddenly
10.In order not to miss the lecture on Sunday, I had to ________ the
visit and came back on Saturday. ( )
C
A.cut away B.cut out C.cut short
11.—Has your friend completed his design
—Not yet. He ________ on it last night. ( )
C
A.worked B.has worked C.was working
12.In ancient times, books could only be produced one at a time
________. ( )
C
A.in hand B.with hand C.by hand
13.—I can’t get in touch with Johnson. Do you happen ________ his
new telephone number
—Sorry, I don’t have his new number. ( )
A
A.to know B.knowing C.know
14.—I think the washing machine is a wonderful ________.
—I can’t agree more. It sets many housewives free. ( )
C
A.instruction B.invitation C.invention
15.—I will go to Hong Kong Disneyland with my parents tomorrow.
—________. ( )
B
A.My pleasure B.Have a nice trip C.Congratulations
二、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.Because of his excellent _______（serve）, he was presented with an
award.
2.Three ________（quarter） of the new garden will be covered with
different types of flowers.
3.During my journey in Russia, I found _________（Russia） were
quite friendly.
service
quarters
Russians
4.Please write down the two __________（invent） names on a piece
of paper.
5.Marie Curie was famous for the _________（discover） of radium.
6.Columbus was one of the first __________（Europe） who
discovered America.
7.For _______（far） information, please write to our company.
8.The novel, which is about a _______（fight）, is well worth reading.
inventors’
discovery
Europeans
further
fighter
9.Why the famous actor disappeared all of a sudden is still _________
（known） to the public.
10.With the ____________（develop） of science and technology, our
life is becoming much easier.
unknown
development
三、选词填空。
根据短文内容，从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。每个单词限用一次。
successful hunger how chances instead
without explain unknown science pride
This is a story about a famous 1.________. He was once asked
why he was so creative. He replied that he was not born with the
ability to explore the 2._________ world or invent things. The secret
came from an experience with his mother when he was about four.
scientist
unknown
One day, because of 3._______, he tried to get a bottle of milk
out of the fridge, but the milk bottle dropped to the ground and the
milk was spilled（洒）everywhere. After his mother entered the kitchen,
4._______ of shouting at him, she said, “Wow, how beautiful the milk
sea is! I’ve never seen so much milk on the floor. You are just my
5.______, baby.”
hunger
instead
pride
successful hunger how chances instead
without explain unknown science pride
bottle with water to see if you can find a way to hold it 8.________
dropping it.” The little boy learned that if he held the bottle at the top
near the lip, he could hold it 9.___________.
It was at that moment that the scientist realized that mistakes are
just 10.________ to learn something new.
without
successfully
chances
After a while, they cleaned the floor together. His mother then
6._________ patiently, “You know, what we have here is a try at
7._____ to carry a big milk bottle with two hands. Now let’s fill the
explained
how
successful hunger how chances instead
without explain unknown science pride
四、阅读理解。
Recently I had a trip to Sydney with my parents. We visited the Wildlife Park.
The Wildlife Park has lots of different animals. Some are native to Australia and can only be found there. There are more than 500 animals there, including kangaroos, koalas and crocodiles. They are kept in their natural environment. I like the Wildlife Park better than a zoo. In zoos, most of the animals are in cages.
We first spent some time with the kangaroos. We could touch and feed them. It was very exciting to be so close to them. There were koalas there too. They looked very cuddly（令人想拥抱的）. Although we couldn’t carry koalas, I could take a photo with one. It is a wonderful souvenir of my holiday in Sydney.
The Wildlife Park has plenty of freshwater crocodiles and saltwater crocodiles. Some of them are very big and scary with huge teeth! I did not want to get too close to them.
There was also a bird show. The keepers showed us different species of birds. I saw an old parrot. It could “talk” and made a great impression on me.
I enjoyed the trip very much. There was so much to see.
1.The Wildlife Park is in ________.( )
A
A.in Sydney B.in Cairo C.in Athens
2.What is a wonderful souvenir of the writer’s holiday ( )
C
A.A parrot that could talk.
B.A chance to feed a koala.
C.A photo with a koala.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
3.Why didn’t the writer want to get very close to the
crocodiles ( )
B
A.They lived in water.
B.The writer was afraid of them.
C.The writer did not want to feed them.
4.Which of the following is TRUE ( )
B
A.The writer traveled to the Wildlife Park alone.
B.The writer watched a bird show.
C.The kangaroos are kept in cages in the Wildlife Park.
5.After visiting the Wildlife Park, the writer felt ________. ( )
C
A.bored B.unhappy C.excited
