射洪中学高2022级高二（下）半期质量检测
英语试题
（时间：120分钟 满分：150分）
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的班级、姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3.回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡对应题号的位置上。写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第I卷 选择题(共95分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节（共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分, 满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳 选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What will Chris do next
A.Drink some coffee. B.Watch the World Cup. C.Go to sleep.
2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Strangers. B.Classmates. C.Relatives.
3.What is the woman’s attitude to the man’s suggestion
A.Favorable. B.Tolerant. C.Negative.
4.What can we learn about Tom
A.He’s smart for his age.
B.He’s unwilling to study.
C.He’s difficult to get along with.
5.What did Kevin do yesterday
A.He went swimming.
B.He cleaned up his house.
C.He talked with his grandparents.
第二节（共 15 小题，每小题 1.5 分, 满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小 题，每小题 5 秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 、7 题。
6.Who is arranging the meeting
A.Peter. B.David. C.Janet.
7.When does the man prefer to have the meeting
A.This Wednesday. B.This Friday. C.Next Monday.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 、9 题。
8.What are the speakers talking about
A.Travel experiences. B.Vacation plans. C.Favorite seasons.
9.What does the man want to do
A.Go to the beach. B.Find a summer job. C.Move to Washington.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10.What does the news say about big online spenders in the US
A.The number of them grows slowly.
B.There are more men than women.
C.They make up half of all shoppers.
11.How much did Americans spend shopping online last year
A.$453 billion. B.$990 billion. C.$1,500 billion.
12.What did George buy online last Sunday
A.An adventure novel. B.A software package. C.A note by Mark Twain.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13.What has Richard been doing
A.Visiting a museum. B.Watching TV. C.Studying.
14.Why does Susan call Richard
A.To ask for help. B.To give thanks. C.To make an appointment.
15.What does Susan want to do
A.See an exhibition.
B.Buy a new cell phone.
C.Take pictures of the snow.
16.What will the speakers probably do
A.Go to a park. B.Play football. C.Attend a party.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17.Where did the speaker learn about college
A.From the movies. B.From her family. C.From the books.
18.What helped change the speaker’s attitude towards study
A.Her professor’s advice.
B.Her graduate program.
C.Her trip to Africa.
19.How does the speaker feel when she talks about her past experiences
A.Regretful. B.Relieved. C.Grateful.
20.Who is the speaker probably talking to
A.Conservation workers.
B.High school students.
C.College teachers.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A 、B 、C 和 D )中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
PYOP: Pick Your Own Produce at These Local Farms
Hollin Farms Delaplane, VA
Hollin Farms’ strawberry picking season will begin in late May, and last several weeks. Hours are 9:00 am-4:00 pm from Wednesday to Sunday. If you come in summer, peaches, blackberries, red raspberries and sour cherries are available. Apples are ready in late summer, and fall brings green vegetables, potatoes, and dig-your-own peanuts. And a special P. S.(备注) to meat lovers: they pride themselves on their grass-fed beef.
Great Country Farms Bluemont, VA
Great Country Farms is well-known for its seasonal festivals and fun farm-themed attractions. Their U-pick strawberry fields will open in May. The weekends of May 20-21 and May 27-28 are the yearly Strawberry Jubilee with live music, pie-eating competitions, tasty food, and more. Admission is $10/child and $12/adult, and it’s open daily during 9:00 am-6:00 pm.
Waters Orchard (果园) Gaithersburg, MD
This is a great place for apple picking. Just come in late summer and fall. After parking, it’s a 5-10 minutes’ walk to the orchard. Hours are 12:00-5:00 pm on Fridays, and 9:00 am-5:00 pm on weekends. Pick-your-own (PYO) pricing is by the peck (配克) —$15/half peck, $22/peck, and an entry fee for two is included. It’s $5/guest after that.
Homestead Farm Poolesville, MD
Homestead Farm’s PYO season begins a little later than other area farms. The first crop will be tart cherries in June, and other berries will be ripe soon after. Peaches and apples come later. There are also animals to visit (goats, pigs, and chickens), and watching goats climb along the goat walk is always a trip for kids. The farm operates seven days a week, and PYO hours are 9:00 am-5:00 pm.
1. When is suitable to visit Hollin Farms
A. 9:00 am on Monday. B. 10:00 am on Thursday.
C. 4:30 pm on Saturday. D. 5:00 pm on Sunday.
2. What can visitors do at Great Country Farms on May 27
A. Participate in a pie-eating competition. B. Pick strawberries and apples.
C. Enjoy grass-fed beef for free. D. Play with goats and chickens.
3. How much should a family of three pay if they buy two-peck apples
A. $35. B. $37. C. $44. D. $49.
B
The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class. He eagerly jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. And he was always respectful of the other students’ perspectives, as if each of them were a teacher. Jerry Valencia walked in with a smile—and he left with one too.
“These students gave me the confidence that I didn’t need to feel bad about my age,” Valencia says.
One day, I spotted Valencia on campus. He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money and have his student-loan papers in order. He asked seriously whether he could still sit in on my communications class.
Sure, I said. But he wouldn’t get any credit.
No problem, he said.
Soon there he was again, back at his old desk, jumping into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles—a 63-year-old man with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class.
A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,”says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. Afterward, I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go.
There is something splendidly unreasonable about Valencia’s determination to get a four-year degree and then a master’s. At his current pace, he’ll be 90 when he finally hangs all that paper on the wall. But that doesn’t seem especially relevant. He’s found all the youthful energy and academic opportunity stimulating. Valencia’s grade in my class this semester will not show up on his transcripts(成绩单). But I’m giving him an A—and in the most important ways, it counts.
4. What made Valencia different from his classmates
A. He was respectful to the teacher.
B. He activated the class atmosphere.
C. He was eager to learn despite his age.
D. He often put forward different opinions.
5. According to the author, why did Valencia continue to attend classes
A. He treasured the chance of learning.
B. He wished to show his determination.
C. He needed the credits to further his study.
D. He desired to have an A on his transcripts.
6. Which of the following best describes Valencia
A. Modest and independent. B. Energetic and generous.
C. Enthusiastic and motivated. D. Considerate and intelligent.
7. What can we learn from the passage
A. No pains, no gains. B. It is never too old to learn.
C. Strike the iron while it is hot. D. Where there is life, there is hope.
C
Forget about “military-style travel” during which people tend to visit as many places as possible in the least amount of time. A more relaxed and leisurely alternative, such as “Citywalk”, is becoming the norm among urban youngsters.
Unlike military-style travel, Citywalk is about wandering around a city on foot, feeling the atmosphere and finding unusual things that even a resident of the city might not have noticed before. It can be a special event where people start a journey led by tour guides or simply explore the streets.
Such walks generally avoid famous scenic spots and shopping centers, and take you to places where you can have real interactions with the local people, eat at small but authentic restaurants, and gain a deeper understanding of the history and culture of the city.
Citywalkers have shared their carefully planned routes on social media platforms. Their posts usually include how long the walk is going to take and interesting places and restaurants along the way. Some posts are more like a food tour.
Nan Xi who recently moved from Beijing to Shanghai, said “I think Shanghai is a city perfect for Citywalk. There are big trees along the streets and shops selling different products, which is ideal for couples and friends to walk together and take photos.” After several Citywalk experiences, she signed up for a two-and-a-half-hour Citywalk priced at 88 yuan per person. A tour guide narrated the history of the buildings and streets along the way. “If it were me walking alone, I would simply find the streets artistic, but the tour that day helped me gain a better understanding of how Western culture blends in with the local culture in Shanghai,” she said. Another surprising benefit of the walk was that she has made friends with two of her fellow walkers.
Lin Yi, a manager for an online platform for self-guided tours, said Citywalk can help travelers learn about local culture and live as local people do, feeling the vibes of a city. People who participate in Citywalks usually have similar tastes, and can have in-depth discussions with each other, he said.
8. What is the main difference between military-style travel and Citywalk
A. The transport. B. The cost.
C. The purpose. D. The destination.
9. What can we conclude about Citywalk in Shanghai according to Nan Xi
A. It is a perfect place to run shops.
B. There are great things to do at weekends.
C. Ideal couples and friends often gather there.
D. It provides great experiences in many ways.
10. What can be inferred from Nan Xi’s two-and-a-half-hour Citywalk
A. She thought it well worth a try.
B. She went on the tour without company.
C. She wouldn’t have found the artistic streets by herself.
D. She knew how Western culture differed from the local culture in Shanghai.
11. What is the main idea of the article
A. Citywalk is a new trend in urban tourism.
B. Citywalk can help travelers make new friends.
C Military-style travel is becoming more popular.
D. Travelers choose Citywalk over military style to follow suit.
D
In order to survive trips to Mars, humans need oxygen. Now, a team of scientists has designed a robot that could extract oxygen from water on the Red Planet.
The robot, which is called “AI chemist”, used a machine learning model to find a compound that could ignite an oxygen-producing chemical reaction on Mars. The compound, known as a catalyst (催化剂), is made entirely from elements found in Martian meteorites (陨石) — which means, if such a system could work reliably, space travelers would not need to bring oxygen or even the catalyst needed to produce it.
Mars’ atmosphere contains only trace amounts of oxygen. But scientists have detected evidence of liquid water beneath the planet’s southern ice cap. To create the breathable gas, researchers wanted to find a way to break down this water into its hydrogen and oxygen molecules using materials found on Mars.
Their robot analyzed five meteorites that either came from Mars or had a composition similar to that of the Martian surface. Using a laser, it identified significant amounts of iron, nickel, calcium, magnesium, aluminum and manganese in the samples. From these six elements, the robot’s algorithm (算法) determined it could produce more than 3.7 million possible molecules to break down water and form oxygen on Mars. According to the researchers, finding the best one from this extensive list would take roughly 2,000 years of human labor, but for the AI chemist, it took only weeks.
“On Earth, we don’t use these six elements,” Yi Luo, a co-author of the study says. “They are not the best choices for catalysts, but it’s only what you’ve got on Mars.”
With its chosen catalyst, the system could produce oxygen from the Martian materials at around -37℃, demonstrating the chemical reaction could be possible on the cold Martian surface.
Notably, the robot was able to carry out the entire process — analyzing the rock samples, identifying the best possible catalyst and producing it without human intervention.
12. What does the underlined word “ignite” mean in paragraph 2
A. Delay. B. Limit. C. Change. D. Cause.
13. What is the basis of extracting oxygen on Mars
A. The oxygen that Mars’ atmosphere contains.
B. The scientists’ previous study on meteorites.
C. The existence of water and catalyst on Mars.
D. The amazing learning ability of “AI chemist”
14. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. The finding of six elements.
B. The advantages of the robots.
C. The formation of the meteorites.
D. The process of producing oxygen.
15. What is the writer’s attitude towards “AI chemist”
A. Doubtful. B. Favorable. C. Unclear. D. Indifferent.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
On hearing the word vacation, most people react positively. Experienced travelers will argue that more important than where they go on vacation is who they go with. ____16____
Family travel is special and creates lasting memories, but it can also have some challenges. For one, the success of a trip often depends on the relationships that the family members have with one another. If two brothers do not get along at home, the chances are that they will fight during a vacation. ____17____ If a family is traveling by air, purchasing plane tickets for everyone can be very expensive.
____18____ Close friends often have similar personalities, so they generally get along with each other and fight less than family members might on a trip. Furthermore, if friends are close, even a terrible trip will not ruin the friendship. ____19____ All in all, traveling with friends can be a positive experience that results in a great vacation and, likely, a stronger friendship.
Finally, people can choose to travel alone. Solo travelers can be more flexible with transportation than those traveling in a large group. ____20____ And they also have better chances of getting a seat on buses or planes since they only need one. In addition, solo travelers are more likely to meet locals or other vacationers because they are more likely to want to talk with others.
A. They can change plans more easily.
B Each person tends to cover his or her individual expenses.
C. Another potential problem of family travel is transportation.
D. Sightseeing and scheduling are not a problem for solo travelers.
E. In fact, friendships are often strengthened with the travel memories.
F. Traveling with friends can be an unforgettable experience for several reasons.
G. Vacations can be classified on the basis of who vacationers choose to travel with.
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节完形填空
Bryan was driving home one evening. It was starting to get dark and cold. Ever since the factory closed, he’d been unemployed. Suddenly, he saw an old lady ____21____ standing beside a car on the side of the road. So he ____22____ in front of her and said, “I’m here to help you ma’am. Why don’t you wait in the car where it’s ____23____ By the way, my name is Bryan.”
All she had was a ____24____ tire, but for an old lady, that was bad enough. Bryan crawled under the car and soon he changed it. The lady asked him how much she ____25____ him. Bryan never thought twice about the ____26____ and told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give the ____27____, and Bryan added “... and think of me”. She started her car and drove off.
A few miles down the road, the lady saw a small cafe and went in. She ____28____ that the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant, but never let the strain and aches change her attitude. Then she remembered Bryan. As the waitress went to get the ____29____ for her hundred-dollar bill, the lady slipped right out the door. ____30____, the waitress noticed something written on the napkin under which were four more $100 bills. There were ____31____ in her eyes when she read what the lady wrote. It ____32____ : “Somebody once helped me out the way I’m helping you. If you really want to pay me back, do not let this chain of love ____33____ with you.”
That night when she got home from work, she was thinking about the lady. With the baby due next month, it was going to be hard. She knew how ____34____ her husband was, and as he lay sleeping next to her, she gave him a soft kiss and ____35____, “Everything’s gonna be all right; I love you, Bryan.”
21. A. confusedly B. anxiously C. frightenedly D. crazily
22. A. pulled up B. broke down C. dressed up D. calmed down
23. A. crowded B. spacious C. warm D. cold
24. A. flat B. spare C. new D. swollen
25. A. charged B. admired C. appreciated D. owed
26. A. price B. money C. cost D. salary
27. A. assistance B. guidance C. opportunity D. reward
28. A. discovered B. recalled C. hoped D. noticed
29. A. menu B. lunch C. change D. tip
30. A. Unwillingly B. Unexpectedly C. Unfortunately D. Unlikely
31. A. sorrows B. joys C. regrets D. tears
32. A. wrote B. said C. printed D. showed
33. A. continue B. begin C. end D. develop
34. A. terrified B. relieved C. excited D. worried
35. A. whispered B. screamed C. laughed D. shouted
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共55分）
第三部分 语言知识运用
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。
Austrian author Peter Handke collected the 2019 Nobel Prize in Literature while the 2018 award, which____36____ (delay), went to Polish author Olga Tokarczuk.
Handke “has established himself as one of the most____37____ (influence) writers in Europe after the Second World War”. His works are filled with a strong desire___38___ (discover) and make his discoveries come to life by finding new literary expressions for them, the Swedish Academy said. He____39____ (write) many novels in the past decades, like Short Letter, Long Farewell,____40____a young Austrian writer travels across the United States in search of his wife. This novel is___41___ (general) considered as one of Handke's typical confusing____42____ (work).
Tokarczuk became____43____winner of the 2018 award “for a narrative (叙事的) imagination that with encyclopedic (博学的) passion represents the crossing of boundaries as a form of life”. Her first work came out in 1993, and____44____was believed that her third novel Primevaland Other Times marked her major breakthrough. In 2018, she was awarded the Man Booker International Prize for her novel Flights,_____45_____(become) the first Polish writer to do so.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作（15分）
46. 2024 年 8 月 15 日是第二个“全国生态日（National Ecology Day）”，你校目前正为此筹备各种活动。假如你是李华，你好朋友 Alan 对此非常好奇。请你给他写一封回信，要点如下：
1.介绍活动； 2.你的看法； 3.欢迎他参加。
注意：1.词数 80 词左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Alan,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Beautiful Birthmarks: The Power of Acceptance
Whenever you hear the word “birthmark (胎记)”, you probably think of one of those black or brown spots you have somewhere on your body. However, for me, it’s completely different — I have them both on my lips and inside my mouth, which make them quite visible and, to me, ugly. When
I was young, these birthmarks kept making me feel extremely awkward and self-conscious (难为情的). As these birthmarks always drew a lot of attention, people often asked me, “What are those black marks on your lips ” When I told people that they were birthmarks, they usually said, “How strange！”
In pictures, I used to hide my birthmarks by pursing (噘起) my lips, so I would not have to deal with people’s questions. As I was growing up, the situation didn’t get any better. In the school, my classmates would always tease me, making me feel hurt and helpless. In society, I often encountered individuals who would inquire about my birthmarks even before they knew my name.
Such experiences left me feeling disheartened. I felt like people judged me by my appearance without considering my personality.
My birthmarks are caused by a genetic condition from my mom’s side of the family. My mom’s mom has birthmarks on her lips, and my mom’s uncle and my uncle have some on their bodies. I used to try to cover them up with makeup, but it never looked good. I even consulted a doctor, wanting to have surgery to remove them. But when imagining the process, I would get nervous and eventually give up.
Whenever I cried to my mom about them, she would always comfort me and say, “Learn to accept them and see them as beautiful birthmarks.” However, it wasn’t easy for me to accept my own birthmarks. Every time I showed my birthmarks, people would look at me with strange eyes. I began to regret why I had given up on the surgery and chosen to accept my birthmarks.
注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 词左右。
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
One day, I met my cousin, who also had a large birthmark on his arm._
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
From then on, when I met people, I began to change myself.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力：1-5 AACBC 6-10 CBBAB 11-15 ACBAC 16-20 AABCB射洪中学高2022级高二（下）半期质量检测
英语试题
（时间：120分钟 满分：150分）
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的班级、姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3.回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡对应题号的位置上。写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第I卷 选择题(共95分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节（共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分, 满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳 选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What will Chris do next
A.Drink some coffee. B.Watch the World Cup. C.Go to sleep.
2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Strangers. B.Classmates. C.Relatives.
3.What is the woman’s attitude to the man’s suggestion
A.Favorable. B.Tolerant. C.Negative.
4.What can we learn about Tom
A.He’s smart for his age.
B.He’s unwilling to study.
C.He’s difficult to get along with.
5.What did Kevin do yesterday
A.He went swimming.
B.He cleaned up his house.
C.He talked with his grandparents.
第二节（共 15 小题，每小题 1.5 分, 满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小 题，每小题 5 秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 、7 题。
6.Who is arranging the meeting
A.Peter. B.David. C.Janet.
7.When does the man prefer to have the meeting
A.This Wednesday. B.This Friday. C.Next Monday.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 、9 题。
8.What are the speakers talking about
A.Travel experiences. B.Vacation plans. C.Favorite seasons.
9.What does the man want to do
A.Go to the beach. B.Find a summer job. C.Move to Washington.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10What does the news say about big online spenders in the US
A.The number of them grows slowly.
B.There are more men than women.
C.They make up half of all shoppers.
11.How much did Americans spend shopping online last year
A.$453 billion. B.$990 billion. C.$1,500 billion.
12.What did George buy online last Sunday
A.An adventure novel. B.A software package. C.A note by Mark Twain.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13.What has Richard been doing
A.Visiting a museum. B.Watching TV. C.Studying.
14.Why does Susan call Richard
A.To ask for help. B.To give thanks. C.To make an appointment.
15.What does Susan want to do
A.See an exhibition.
B.Buy a new cell phone.
C.Take pictures of the snow.
16.What will the speakers probably do
A.Go to a park. B.Play football. C.Attend a party.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17.Where did the speaker learn about college
A.From the movies. B.From her family. C.From the books.
18.What helped change the speaker’s attitude towards study
A.Her professor’s advice.
B.Her graduate program.
C.Her trip to Africa.
19.How does the speaker feel when she talks about her past experiences
A.Regretful. B.Relieved. C.Grateful.
20.Who is the speaker probably talking to
A.Conservation workers.
B.High school students.
C.College teachers.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A 、B 、C 和 D )中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
PYOP: Pick Your Own Produce at These Local Farms
Hollin Farms Delaplane, VA
Hollin Farms’ strawberry picking season will begin in late May, and last several weeks. Hours are 9:00 am-4:00 pm from Wednesday to Sunday. If you come in summer, peaches, blackberries, red raspberries and sour cherries are available. Apples are ready in late summer, and fall brings green vegetables, potatoes, and dig-your-own peanuts. And a special P. S.(备注) to meat lovers: they pride themselves on their grass-fed beef.
Great Country Farms Bluemont VA
Great Country Farms is well-known for its seasonal festivals and fun farm-themed attractions. Their U-pick strawberry fields will open in May. The weekends of May 20-21 and May 27-28 are the yearly Strawberry Jubilee with live music, pie-eating competitions, tasty food, and more. Admission is $10/child and $12/adult, and it’s open daily during 9:00 am-6:00 pm.
Waters Orchard (果园) Gaithersburg, MD
This is a great place for apple picking. Just come in late summer and fall. After parking, it’s a 5-10 minutes’ walk to the orchard. Hours are 12:00-5:00 pm on Fridays, and 9:00 am-5:00 pm on weekends. Pick-your-own (PYO) pricing is by the peck (配克) —$15/half peck, $22/peck, and an entry fee for two is included. It’s $5/guest after that.
Homestead Farm Poolesville, MD
Homestead Farm’s PYO season begins a little later than other area farms. The first crop will be tart cherries in June, and other berries will be ripe soon after. Peaches and apples come later. There are also animals to visit (goats, pigs, and chickens), and watching goats climb along the goat walk is always a trip for kids. The farm operates seven days a week, and PYO hours are 9:00 am-5:00 pm.
1. When is suitable to visit Hollin Farms
A. 9:00 am on Monday. B. 10:00 am on Thursday.
C. 4:30 pm on Saturday. D. 5:00 pm on Sunday.
2. What can visitors do at Great Country Farms on May 27
A. Participate in a pie-eating competition. B. Pick strawberries and apples.
C. Enjoy grass-fed beef for free. D. Play with goats and chickens.
3. How much should a family of three pay if they buy two-peck apples
A. $35. B. $37. C. $44. D. $49.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个可以自己采摘农产品的农场。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hollin Farms Delaplane, VA中“Hours are 9:00 am-4:00 pm from Wednesday to Sunday.(营业时间为周三至周日上午9点至下午4点。)”可知，星期四上午10点参观Hollin Farms比较合适。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Great Country Farms Bluemont, VA中“The weekends of May 20-21 and May 27-28 are the yearly Strawberry Jubilee with live music, pie-eating competitions, tasty food, and more.(5月20日至21日和5月27日至28日的周末是一年一度的Strawberry Jubilee，有现场音乐，吃派比赛，美味的食物等等。)”可知，5月27日，游客可以在Great Country Farms参加吃派比赛。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Waters Orchard (果园) Gaithersburg, MD中“Pick-your-own (PYO) pricing is by the peck (配克) — 15/halfpeck,15/halfpeck,15/halfpeck,22/peck, and an entry fee for two is included. It’s $5/guest after that.(自选价格按配克出售——15美元/半配克，22美元/配克，包括两人的入场费。之后是每位客人5美元。)”可知，一个三口之家买两配克苹果要花22+22+5=49美元。故选D。
B
The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class. He eagerly jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. And he was always respectful of the other students’ perspectives, as if each of them were a teacher. Jerry Valencia walked in with a smile—and he left with one too.
“These students gave me the confidence that I didn’t need to feel bad about my age” Valencia says.
One day, I spotted Valencia on campus. He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money and have his student-loan papers in order. He asked seriously whether he could still sit in on my communications class.
Sure, I said. But he wouldn’t get any credit.
No problem, he said.
Soon there he was again, back at his old desk, jumping into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles—a 63-year-old man with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class.
A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,”says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. Afterward, I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go.
There is something splendidly unreasonable about Valencia’s determination to get a four-year degree and then a master’s. At his current pace, he’ll be 90 when he finally hangs all that paper on the wall. But that doesn’t seem especially relevant. He’s found all the youthful energy and academic opportunity stimulating. Valencia’s grade in my class this semester will not show up on his transcripts(成绩单). But I’m giving him an A—and in the most important ways, it counts.
4. What made Valencia different from his classmates
A. He was respectful to the teacher.
B. He activated the class atmosphere.
C. He was eager to learn despite his age.
D. He often put forward different opinions.
5. According to the author, why did Valencia continue to attend classes
A. He treasured the chance of learning.
B. He wished to show his determination.
C. He needed the credits to further his study.
D. He desired to have an A on his transcripts.
6. Which of the following best describes Valencia
A. Modest and independent. B. Energetic and generous.
C. Enthusiastic and motivated. D. Considerate and intelligent.
7. What can we learn from the passage
A. No pains, no gains. B. It is never too old to learn.
C. Strike the iron while it is hot. D. Where there is life, there is hope.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个关于“活到老，学到老”的故事。杰里·瓦伦西亚是一个63岁的大三学生，尽管年龄很大，但他对学习仍然充满热情。在课堂上，他会积极参加讨论，尊重其他同学的观点，很多学生对他的精神充满了敬佩。他并没有足够的钱去支付学费但他仍不放弃，通过工作赚钱，坚持继续完成学业，还要继续读研。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class. (这个学生很早就到了，坐在前排和中间，在我的教室里，他在很多方面都很突出。我得说，他比我本科传播学班上的同学大40岁左右。)”、第三段“He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money and have his student-loan papers in order. He asked seriously whether he could still sit in on my communications class. (他说他那学期将不得不停止上课，并重新申请明年的课程。到那时，他希望能赚到足够的钱，并把学生贷款文件办妥。他严肃地问我是否还能旁听我的交际课。)”、第六段“Soon there he was again, back at his old desk, jumping into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles—a 63-year-old man with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class. (很快，他又回来了，回到他的旧桌子旁，加入到我们关于如何在洛杉矶寻找和讲述故事的讨论中——一个63岁的男人，和班上任何一个年轻人一样充满活力和好奇心。)”、第七段“A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. (瓦伦西亚的很多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍然在做作业。)”和“Afterward, I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go. (后来，我无意中听到瓦伦西亚想留在学校直到获得硕士学位，但他花了12年时间才完成社区大学学业，所以他还有很长的路要走。)”可知，瓦伦西亚与他的同学的不同之处在于：尽管他年纪大了，但他渴望学习。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,” says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. (瓦伦西亚的许多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍在做作业。25岁的大三学生杰西卡·埃斯皮诺萨说：“他来了，为了学习的乐趣和益处，他很乐意去上课。”)”可知，瓦伦西亚继续上课是因为他得到了学习的乐趣，珍惜学习的机会。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He eagerly jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. (他以他的幽默和经验智慧，热情地参加了课堂讨论。)”可知，瓦伦西亚很热情；由倒数第二段中的“A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,” says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. (瓦伦西亚的许多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍在做作业。25岁的大三学生杰西卡·埃斯皮诺萨说：“他来了，为了学习的乐趣和益处，他很乐意去上课。”)”可知，63岁交不起学费的瓦伦西亚，为了学习的乐趣仍继续上课，说明他很上进；他是一个热情、上进的人。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，本文讲述了一个关于“活到老，学到老”的故事。杰里·瓦伦西亚是一个63岁的大三学生，尽管年龄很大，但他对学习仍然充满热情。在课堂上，他会积极参加讨论，尊重其他同学的观点，很多学生对他的精神充满了敬佩。他没有足够的钱去支付学费但他仍不放弃，通过工作赚钱，坚持继续完成学业，还要继续读研。可得出这篇文章主要告诉我们“It is never too old to learn. (活到老，学到老。)”的道理。故选B。
C
Forget about “military-style travel” during which people tend to visit as many places as possible in the least amount of time. A more relaxed and leisurely alternative, such as “Citywalk”, is becoming the norm among urban youngsters.
Unlike military-style travel, Citywalk is about wandering around a city on foot, feeling the atmosphere and finding unusual things that even a resident of the city might not have noticed before. It can be a special event where people start a journey led by tour guides or simply explore the streets.
Such walks generally avoid famous scenic spots and shopping centers, and take you to places where you can have real interactions with the local people, eat at small but authentic restaurants, and gain a deeper understanding of the history and culture of the city.
Citywalkers have shared their carefully planned routes on social media platforms. Their posts usually include how long the walk is going to take, and interesting places and restaurants along the way. Some posts are more like a food tour.
Nan Xi, who recently moved from Beijing to Shanghai, said “I think Shanghai is a city perfect for Citywalk. There are big trees along the streets and shops selling different products, which is ideal for couples and friends to walk together and take photos.” After several Citywalk experiences, she signed up for a two-and-a-half-hour Citywalk priced at 88 yuan per person. A tour guide narrated the history of the buildings and streets along the way. “If it were me walking alone, I would simply find the streets artistic, but the tour that day helped me gain a better understanding of how Western culture blends in with the local culture in Shanghai,” she said. Another surprising benefit of the walk was that she has made friends with two of her fellow walkers.
Lin Yi, a manager for an online platform for self-guided tours, said Citywalk can help travelers learn about local culture and live as local people do, feeling the vibes of a city. People who participate in Citywalks usually have similar tastes, and can have in-depth discussions with each other, he said.
8. What is the main difference between military-style travel and Citywalk
A. The transport. B. The cost.
C. The purpose. D. The destination.
9. What can we conclude about Citywalk in Shanghai according to Nan Xi
A. It is a perfect place to run shops.
B. There are great things to do at weekends.
C. Ideal couples and friends often gather there.
D It provides great experiences in many ways.
10. What can be inferred from Nan Xi’s two-and-a-half-hour Citywalk
A. She thought it well worth a try.
B. She went on the tour without company.
C. She wouldn’t have found the artistic streets by herself.
D She knew how Western culture differed from the local culture in Shanghai.
11. What is the main idea of the article
A. Citywalk is a new trend in urban tourism.
B. Citywalk can help travelers make new friends.
C. Military-style travel is becoming more popular.
D. Travelers choose Citywalk over military style to follow suit.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在越来越多的人选择城市漫步这种更轻松悠闲的方式来体验城市生活，呈现了这种旅行方式的含义、特点、类型和优势，以及体验者的具体感受。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Forget about “military-style travel” during which people tend to visit as many places as possible in the least amount of time. (忘记“特种兵式旅行”吧，在这种旅行中，人们倾向于在最短的时间内游览尽可能多的地方)”和第二段中“Unlike military-style travel, Citywalk is about wandering around a city on foot, feeling the atmosphere and finding unusual things that even a resident of the city might not have noticed before. (与特种兵式旅行不同，城市漫步是指通过步行在一个城市里漫步，感受那里的氛围，发现一些即使是城市居民以前也可能没有注意到的不寻常的东西)”可知，特种兵式旅行和城市漫步之间的主要区别在于目的不同，前者是为了在最短的时间内游览尽可能多的地方，后者是为了感受城市的氛围，发现细微的不寻常之处。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中Nan Xi所说的第一段话“I think Shanghai is a city perfect for Citywalk. There are big trees along the streets and shops selling different products, which is ideal for couples and friends to walk together and take photos. (我认为上海是一个非常适合城市漫步的城市。街道两旁有大树，商店出售不同的产品，是情侣和朋友一起散步和拍照的理想场所)”可知，她认为上海非常适合城市漫步，有大树、许多商店，可以散步、拍照。由此可知，于她而言，上海的城市漫步在很多方面提供了很棒的体验。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中Nan Xi所说的第二段话“If it were me walking alone, I would simply find the streets artistic, but the tour that day helped me gain a better understanding of how Western culture blends in with the local culture in Shanghai (如果是我一个人走，我只会觉得街道很有艺术感，但那天的旅行让我更好地了解了西方文化是如何与上海本土文化融合在一起的)”以及“Another surprising benefit of the walk was that she has made friends with two of her fellow walkers. (另一个令人惊讶的好处是，她和两个同行的人成为了朋友)”可知，通过这次的城市漫步，她更好地理解了西方文化与上海本土文化的融合，还交到了朋友。由此可知，她认为这种漫步值得一试。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“A more relaxed and leisurely alternative, such as “Citywalk”, is becoming the norm among urban youngsters. (一种更轻松悠闲的选择，比如“城市漫步”，正成为城市年轻人的常态)”可知，文章围绕城市漫步成为城市旅游的新趋势展开，介绍了这种旅游方式的含义、特点、类型和优势，以及体验者的具体感受。故选A项。
D
In order to survive trips to Mars, humans need oxygen. Now, a team of scientists has designed a robot that could extract oxygen from water on the Red Planet.
The robot, which is called “AI chemist”, used a machine learning model to find a compound that could ignite an oxygen-producing chemical reaction on Mars. The compound, known as a catalyst (催化剂), is made entirely from elements found in Martian meteorites (陨石) — which means, if such a system could work reliably, space travelers would not need to bring oxygen or even the catalyst needed to produce it.
Mars’ atmosphere contains only trace amounts of oxygen. But scientists have detected evidence of liquid water beneath the planet’s southern ice cap. To create the breathable gas, researchers wanted to find a way to break down this water into its hydrogen and oxygen molecules using materials found on Mars.
Their robot analyzed five meteorites that either came from Mars or had a composition similar to that of the Martian surface. Using a laser, it identified significant amounts of iron, nickel, calcium, magnesium, aluminum and manganese in the samples. From these six elements, the robot’s algorithm (算法) determined it could produce more than 3.7 million possible molecules to break down water and form oxygen on Mars. According to the researchers, finding the best one from this extensive list would take roughly 2,000 years of human labor, but for the AI chemist, it took only weeks.
“On Earth, we don’t use these six elements,” Yi Luo, a co-author of the study says. “They are not the best choices for catalysts, but it’s only what you’ve got on Mars.”
With its chosen catalyst, the system could produce oxygen from the Martian materials at around -37℃, demonstrating the chemical reaction could be possible on the cold Martian surface.
Notably, the robot was able to carry out the entire process — analyzing the rock samples, identifying the best possible catalyst and producing it without human intervention.
12. What does the underlined word “ignite” mean in paragraph 2
A. Delay. B. Limit. C. Change. D. Cause.
13. What is the basis of extracting oxygen on Mars
A. The oxygen that Mars’ atmosphere contains.
B. The scientists’ previous study on meteorites.
C. The existence of water and catalyst on Mars.
D. The amazing learning ability of “AI chemist”
14. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. The finding of six elements.
B. The advantages of the robots.
C. The formation of the meteorites.
D. The process of producing oxygen.
15. What is the writer’s attitude towards “AI chemist”
A. Doubtful. B. Favorable. C. Unclear. D. Indifferent.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了科学家设计的能够从火星上提取氧气的机器人。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Now, a team of scientists has designed a robot that could extract oxygen from water on the Red Planet.(现在，一组科学家设计了一种机器人，可以从红色星球上的水中提取氧气)”可知，该机器人可以在火星上提取氧气，由此推知，划线词所在句意为“这个被称为‘AI化学家’的机器人利用机器学习模型找到了一种可以在火星上引发产氧化学反应的化合物”，ignite意为“引发”，故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The compound, known as a catalyst (催化剂), is made entirely from elements found in Martian meteorites (陨石) — which means, if such a system could work reliably, space travelers would not need to bring oxygen or even the catalyst needed to produce it.(这种化合物被称为催化剂，完全由火星陨石中的元素制成——这意味着，如果这样的系统能够可靠地工作，太空旅行者将不需要携带氧气，甚至不需要制造氧气所需的催化剂)”以及第三段中“To create the breathable gas, researchers wanted to find a way to break down this water into its hydrogen and oxygen molecules using materials found on Mars.(为了创造可呼吸的气体，研究人员希望找到一种方法，利用火星上发现的材料将这些水分解成氢和氧分子)”可知，在火星上提取氧气的基础是火星上存在水和催化剂，故选C。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段内容，尤其是“Using a laser, it identified significant amounts of iron, nickel, calcium, magnesium, aluminum and manganese in the samples. From these six elements, the robot’s algorithm (算法) determined it could produce more than 3.7 million possible molecules to break down water and form oxygen on Mars.(利用激光，它在样品中发现了大量的铁、镍、钙、镁、铝和锰。根据这六种元素，机器人的算法确定，它可以产生超过370万个可能的分子，在火星上分解水并形成氧气)”可知，本段主要讲述该机器人制造氧气的过程，故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“According to the researchers, finding the best one from this extensive list would take roughly 2,000 years of human labor, but for the AI chemist, it took only weeks.(根据研究人员的说法，从这个广泛的列表中找到最好的一个需要大约2000年的人类劳动，但对于人工智能化学家来说，只花了几周的时间)”和最后一段“Notably, the robot was able to carry out the entire process — analyzing the rock samples, identifying the best possible catalyst and producing it without human intervention.(值得注意的是，机器人能够在没有人为干预的情况下完成整个过程——分析岩石样本，确定最佳催化剂并生产它)”可知，作者对“AI化学家”持支持态度，故选B。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
On hearing the word vacation, most people react positively. Experienced travelers will argue that more important than where they go on vacation is who they go with. ____16____
Family travel is special and creates lasting memories, but it can also have some challenges. For one, the success of a trip often depends on the relationships that the family members have with one another. If two brothers do not get along at home, the chances are that they will fight during a vacation. ____17____ If a family is traveling by air, purchasing plane tickets for everyone can be very expensive.
____18____ Close friends often have similar personalities, so they generally get along with each other and fight less than family members might on a trip. Furthermore, if friends are close, even a terrible trip will not ruin the friendship. ____19____ All in all, traveling with friends can be a positive experience that results in a great vacation and, likely, a stronger friendship.
Finally, people can choose to travel alone. Solo travelers can be more flexible with transportation than those traveling in a large group. ____20____ And they also have better chances of getting a seat on buses or planes since they only need one. In addition, solo travelers are more likely to meet locals or other vacationers because they are more likely to want to talk with others.
A. They can change plans more easily.
B. Each person tends to cover his or her individual expenses.
C. Another potential problem of family travel is transportation.
D. Sightseeing and scheduling are not a problem for solo travelers.
E. In fact, friendships are often strengthened with the travel memories.
F. Traveling with friends can be an unforgettable experience for several reasons.
G. Vacations can be classified on the basis of who vacationers choose to travel with.
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. F 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是旅行时选择与谁同行的重要性，并比较了与家人、朋友以及独自旅行的不同体验。
【16题详解】
空前“Experienced travelers will argue that more important than where they go on vacation is who they go with.(有经验的旅行者会说，和谁一起去度假比去哪里更重要。)”说明有经验的旅行者认为和谁一起去度假比去哪里更重要，空格处内容应该与“和谁一起去度假”有关，G选项“Vacations can be classified on the basis of who vacationers choose to travel with.(假期可以根据度假者选择和谁一起旅行来分类。)”说明了假期可以根据度假者选择和谁一起旅行来分类，是跟“和谁一起去度假”有关的内容，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
空前“For one, the success of a trip often depends on the relationships that the family members have with one another.(首先，旅行的成功往往取决于家庭成员彼此之间的关系。)”说明了旅行成功首先是取决于家庭成员彼此之间的关系，空格处应该说另一个问题，空后“If a family is traveling by air, purchasing plane tickets for everyone can be very expensive.(如果一个家庭乘飞机旅行，为每个人购买机票可能会非常昂贵。)”说明的是交通方面的问题，因此空格处应该引出交通这个问题，C选项“Another potential problem of family travel is transportation.(家庭旅行的另一个潜在问题是交通。)”说明了家庭的另一个潜在问题是交通，既和前面的“For one”相承接，也引出了下文的交通问题，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
空后“Close friends often have similar personalities, so they generally get along with each other and fight less than family members might on a trip. Furthermore, if friends are close, even a terrible trip will not ruin the friendship.(亲密的朋友往往有相似的性格，所以他们通常会相处得很好，比家庭成员在旅行中打架要少。此外，如果朋友是亲密的，即使一次可怕的旅行也不会破坏友谊。)”说明了和朋友一起出去旅游是很好的，空格处应该引出“和朋友出去旅游”这个话题，F选项“Traveling with friends can be an unforgettable experience for several reasons.(和朋友一起旅行可能是一次难忘的经历，原因有几个。)”引出了和朋友出去旅游这个话题，说明了和朋友出去旅游是难忘的，因此引出下文，符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
空前“Furthermore, if friends are close, even a terrible trip will not ruin the friendship.(此外，如果朋友是亲密的，即使一次可怕的旅行也不会破坏友谊。)”说明了如果和亲密的朋友出去旅游，即使是可怕的旅游也不会破坏友谊，空格处应该继续这个话题，说可怕的旅游不会破坏友谊，却会给友谊带来好处，E选项“In fact, friendships are often strengthened with the travel memories.(事实上，友谊往往会随着旅行的回忆而加强。)”说明了友谊会随着旅行的回忆加强，说明了旅游给友谊带来的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
空前“Solo travelers can be more flexible with transportation than those traveling in a large group.(独自旅行的人在选择交通工具方面比跟团旅行的人更灵活。)”说明了独自旅行在选择交通工具方面比跟团旅行的人更灵活，空格处应该说明灵活体现在什么方面，A选项“They can change plans more easily.(他们可以更容易地改变计划。)”说明了他们可以更容易地改变计划，体现了灵活性，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节完形填空
Bryan was driving home one evening. It was starting to get dark and cold. Ever since the factory closed, he’d been unemployed. Suddenly, he saw an old lady ____21____ standing beside a car on the side of the road. So he ____22____ in front of her and said, “I’m here to help you ma’am. Why don’t you wait in the car where it’s ____23____ By the way, my name is Bryan.”
All she had was a ____24____ tire, but for an old lady, that was bad enough. Bryan crawled under the car and soon he changed it. The lady asked him how much she ____25____ him. Bryan never thought twice about the ____26____ and told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give the ____27____, and Bryan added “... and think of me”. She started her car and drove off.
A few miles down the road, the lady saw a small cafe and went in. She ____28____ that the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant, but never let the strain and aches change her attitude. Then she remembered Bryan. As the waitress went to get the ____29____ for her hundred-dollar bill, the lady slipped right out the door. ____30____, the waitress noticed something written on the napkin under which were four more $100 bills. There were ____31____ in her eyes when she read what the lady wrote. It ____32____ : “Somebody once helped me out the way I’m helping you. If you really want to pay me back, do not let this chain of love ____33____ with you.”
That night when she got home from work, she was thinking about the lady. With the baby due next month, it was going to be hard. She knew how ____34____ her husband was, and as he lay sleeping next to her, she gave him a soft kiss and ____35____, “Everything’s gonna be all right; I love you, Bryan.”
21. A. confusedly B. anxiously C. frightenedly D. crazily
22. A. pulled up B. broke down C. dressed up D. calmed down
23. A. crowded B. spacious C. warm D. cold
24. A. flat B. spare C. new D. swollen
25. A. charged B. admired C. appreciated D. owed
26. A. price B. money C. cost D. salary
27. A. assistance B. guidance C. opportunity D. reward
28. A. discovered B. recalled C. hoped D. noticed
29. A. menu B. lunch C. change D. tip
30. A. Unwillingly B. Unexpectedly C. Unfortunately D. Unlikely
31. A. sorrows B. joys C. regrets D. tears
32. A. wrote B. said C. printed D. showed
33. A. continue B. begin C. end D. develop
34. A. terrified B. relieved C. excited D. worried
35. A. whispered B. screamed C. laughed D. shouted
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位名叫Bryan的失业者在回家的路上帮助了一位遇到汽车轮胎问题的老妇人，Bryan希望老妇人在将来看到需要帮助的人时给予帮助，后来老妇人遇到了一位即将临产的孕妇服务员，她偷偷在餐巾纸上留下了钱和一张纸条，纸条上写着希望服务员将这份爱传递下去，原来这位服务员就是Bryan的妻子。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，他看到一位老太太焦急地站在路边的一辆汽车旁。A. confusedly困惑地；B. anxiously焦急地；C. frightenedly害怕地；D. crazily疯狂地。根据下文“All she had was a ____4____ tire, but for an old lady, that was bad enough. Bryan crawled under the car and soon he changed it”可知，那位女士的汽车的轮胎爆了，所以她应该感到很焦急。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：于是他把车停在她面前说：“女士，我是来帮你的。你为什么不在暖和的车里等呢？顺便说一下，我叫布莱恩。”A. pulled up停车；B. broke down出故障；C. dressed up打扮；D. calmed down平静下来。根据下文“in front of her and said, “I’m here to help you ma’am. Why don’t you wait in the car”可知，他需要先把车停下来才能帮助那个老太太。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：于是他把车停在她面前说：“女士，我是来帮你的。你为什么不在暖和的车里等呢？顺便说一下，我叫布莱恩。”A. crowded拥挤的；B. spacious宽敞的；C. warm暖和的；D. cold寒冷的。根据上文“cold”和“in the car”可知，外面冷，所以车里是暖和的。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她只是爆胎了，但对于一个老太太来说，这已经够糟糕的了。A. flat（轮胎）没气的，瘪的；B. spare空闲的；C. new新的；D. swollen肿的。根据下文“Bryan crawled under the car and soon he changed it”可知，Bryan帮老太太换了轮胎，可见老太太的轮胎爆了，flat tire意为“爆胎”。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位女士问他她该给他多少钱。A. charged收费；B. admired羡慕；C. appreciated感激；D. owed欠、该付……钱。根据上文“he changed it”和“The lady asked him how much she”可知，Bryan帮老太太换了轮胎，老太太想给Bryan钱，就问她该给多少钱。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：布莱恩对这笔钱没有多想，他告诉她，如果她真的想报答他，下次她看到有人需要帮助时，她可以提供帮助。A. price价格；B. money钱；C. cost成本；D. salary薪水。根据上文“The lady asked him how much she ____5____ him”可知，老太太问该给多少钱，Bryan就说自己根本没想过要收钱。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：布莱恩对这笔钱没有多想，他告诉她，如果她真的想报答他，下次她看到有人需要帮助时，她可以提供帮助。A. assistance帮助；B. guidance指导；C. opportunity机会；D. reward奖励。根据上文“saw someone who needed help”可知，Bryan想让老太太在以后看到有人需要帮助的时候能帮助那个人。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她注意到这位女服务员已经怀孕近8个月了，但她从未让紧张和疼痛改变她的态度。A. discovered发现；B. recalled回想起；C. hoped希望；D. noticed注意到。根据下文“the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant”可知，空后内容是那位老太太注意到的。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当女服务员去找她的一百美元零钱时，那位女士溜出了门。A. menu菜单；B. lunch午饭；C. change零钱； D. tip建议。根据上文“a small cafe”和下文“her hundred-dollar bill”可知，那是一家小的咖啡馆，所以喝咖啡用不了100美元，因此女服务员是进去拿零钱给她找零。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，女服务员注意到餐巾纸上写着什么，下面还有四张100美元的钞票。A. Unwillingly不情愿地；B. Unexpectedly出乎意料的是；C. Unfortunately不幸的是；D. Unlikely未必。根据下文“the waitress noticed something written on the napkin under which were four more $100 bills”可知，女服务员注意到餐巾纸上写着什么，下面还有四张100美元的钞票，这是出乎她意料的，空格处用“出乎意料的是”。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她读到那位女士写的东西时，眼里含着泪水。A. sorrows悲伤；B. joys高兴；C. regrets后悔；D. tears泪水。根据上文“four more $100 bills”和下文“in her eyes”可知，老太太给女服务员留下了400美元，女服务员觉得感动，所以眼里含着泪水。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它说：“有人曾经帮助过我，就像我现在帮助你一样。如果你真的想报答我，就不要让这条爱的链条在你这里结束。”A. wrote写；B. said说；C. printed印刷；D. showed展示。根据上文“she read what the lady wrote”和下文““Somebody once helped me out the way I’m helping you. If you really want to pay me back, do not let this chain of love ____13____ with you.””可知，她读老太太给她写的东西，空后就是写的东西的内容，因此空格处是“说、写有……的内容”。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它说：“有人曾经帮助过我，就像我现在帮助你一样。如果你真的想报答我，就不要让这条爱的链条在你这里结束。”A. continue继续；B. begin开始；C. end结束；D. develop发展。根据上文“Somebody once helped me out the way I’m helping you. If you really want to pay me back, do not let this chain of love”可知，老太太希望女服务员把善意传递下去，不要让爱的链条结束。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她知道丈夫有多担心，当他躺在她身边睡觉时，她轻轻地吻了他一下，低声说：“一切都会好起来的；我爱你，布莱恩。”A. terrified害怕的；B. relieved宽慰的；C. excited兴奋的；D. worried担心的。根据上文“With the baby due next month, it was going to be hard”可知，孩子要出生了，日子会艰难，所以女服务员的丈夫会担心。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她知道丈夫有多担心，当他躺在她身边睡觉时，她轻轻地吻了他一下，低声说：“一切都会好起来的；我爱你，布莱恩。”A. whispered低语；B. screamed尖叫；C. laughed笑；D. shouted大喊。根据上文“he lay sleeping”可知，丈夫在睡觉，女服务员应该是低声说。故选A。
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共55分）
第三部分 语言知识运用
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。
Austrian author Peter Handke collected the 2019 Nobel Prize in Literature while the 2018 award, which____36____ (delay), went to Polish author Olga Tokarczuk.
Handke “has established himself as one of the most____37____ (influence) writers in Europe after the Second World War”. His works are filled with a strong desire___38___ (discover) and make his discoveries come to life by finding new literary expressions for them, the Swedish Academy said. He____39____ (write) many novels in the past decades, like Short Letter, Long Farewell,____40____a young Austrian writer travels across the United States in search of his wife. This novel is___41___ (general) considered as one of Handke's typical confusing____42____ (work).
Tokarczuk became____43____winner of the 2018 award “for a narrative (叙事的) imagination that with encyclopedic (博学的) passion represents the crossing of boundaries as a form of life”. Her first work came out in 1993, and____44____was believed that her third novel Primevaland Other Times marked her major breakthrough. In 2018, she was awarded the Man Booker International Prize for her novel Flights,_____45_____(become) the first Polish writer to do so.
【答案】36. was delayed
37. influential
38. to discover
39. has written
40. where 41. generally
42. works 43. the
44. it 45. becoming
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章对获得2018年和2019年诺贝尔文学奖的两位作家进行了简单介绍。
【36题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：奥地利作家彼得·汉德克获得了2019年的诺贝尔文学奖，而推迟的2018年诺贝尔文学奖则被波兰作家奥尔加·托卡丘克获得。根据后文went可知，此处应用一般过去时，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且关系词替代先行词the 2018 award在从句中作主语，be动词使用was。故填was delayed。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：汉德克“已成为二战后欧洲最有影响力的作家之一”。此处修饰名词writers，应用形容词influential“有影响力的”，作定语。故填influential。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：瑞典文学院表示：“他的作品充满了强烈的发现欲望，并通过寻找新的文学表达方式将他的发现变为现实。”本空位于desire后面，作定语，常用动词不定式形式。故填to discover。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，他写了很多小说，比如《简短的信，漫长的告别》，一个年轻的奥地利作家穿越美国寻找他的妻子。根据in the past decades可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为he，助动词用has。故填has written。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在过去的几十年里，他写了很多小说，比如《简短的信，漫长的告别》，一个年轻的奥地利作家穿越美国寻找他的妻子。此处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词为Short Letter, Long Farewell，关系词替代先行词在从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：这部小说被普遍认为是汉德克典型的令人困惑的作品之一。空处修饰句子谓语动词，应用副词generally“普遍地”，作状语。故填generally。
【42题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：这部小说被普遍认为是汉德克典型的令人困惑的作品之一。work“作品”，可数名词，固定搭配one of+名词复数。故填works。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：Tokarczuk获得了2018年的奖项，“因为他的叙事想象力，以百科全书式的激情，代表了一种生活形式的跨越界限”。此处特指2018年的奖项，应用定冠词the。故填the。
【44题详解】
考查it作形式主语。句意：她的第一部作品于1993年问世，人们认为她的第三部小说《Primevaland Other Times》标志着她的重大突破。句型it was believed that…表示“人们认为”，其中It是形式主语， that引导的从句作真正的主语。故填it。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2018年，她凭借小说《航班》获得曼布克国际奖，成为第一位获此殊荣的波兰作家。本句已有谓语动词，因此空处应填非谓语动词作状语。此处表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故填becoming。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作（15分）
46. 2024 年 8 月 15 日是第二个“全国生态日（National Ecology Day）”，你校目前正为此筹备各种活动。假如你是李华，你的好朋友 Alan 对此非常好奇。请你给他写一封回信，要点如下：
1.介绍活动； 2.你的看法； 3.欢迎他参加。
注意：1.词数 80 词左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Alan,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Alan,
I’m excited to tell you about the campus activities to celebrate the second National Ecology Day on August 15, 2024. Various activities are scheduled to be launched this year, for instance, a tree-planting event in the school courtyard, a seminar on the importance of low-carbon life and a campaign on recycling plastics and paper.
I firmly believe that these activities are not only educational but also fun and engaging. They provide a great opportunity for us to realize the importance of environmental protection. By participating in these activities, we can make a real difference towards a more sustainable future.
I would love to have you join me in this celebration. Your presence would be greatly appreciated. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon!
Best regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好朋友Alan给他写一封回信，介绍学校的活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
庆祝：celebrate→observe
参加：participate in→take part in
激动的：excited→thrilled
相信：believe→hold the belief that
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：I would love to have you join me in this celebration. Your presence would be greatly appreciated.
拓展句：I would love to have you join me in this celebration, whose presence would be greatly appreciated.
【点睛】[高分句型1] By participating in these activities, we can make a real difference towards a more sustainable future. (运用了动名词作宾语)
[高分句型2] I firmly believe that these activities are not only educational but also fun and engaging. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Beautiful Birthmarks: The Power of Acceptance
Whenever you hear the word “birthmark (胎记)”, you probably think of one of those black or brown spots you have somewhere on your body. However, for me, it’s completely different — I have them both on my lips and inside my mouth, which make them quite visible and, to me, ugly. When
I was young, these birthmarks kept making me feel extremely awkward and self-conscious (难为情的). As these birthmarks always drew a lot of attention, people often asked me, “What are those black marks on your lips ” When I told people that they were birthmarks, they usually said, “How strange！”
In pictures, I used to hide my birthmarks by pursing (噘起) my lips, so I would not have to deal with people’s questions. As I was growing up, the situation didn’t get any better. In the school, my classmates would always tease me, making me feel hurt and helpless. In society, I often encountered individuals who would inquire about my birthmarks even before they knew my name.
Such experiences left me feeling disheartened. I felt like people judged me by my appearance without considering my personality.
My birthmarks are caused by a genetic condition from my mom’s side of the family. My mom’s mom has birthmarks on her lips, and my mom’s uncle and my uncle have some on their bodies. I used to try to cover them up with makeup, but it never looked good. I even consulted a doctor, wanting to have surgery to remove them. But when imagining the process, I would get nervous and eventually give up.
Whenever I cried to my mom about them, she would always comfort me and say, “Learn to accept them and see them as beautiful birthmarks.” However, it wasn’t easy for me to accept my own birthmarks. Every time I showed my birthmarks, people would look at me with strange eyes. I began to regret why I had given up on the surgery and chosen to accept my birthmarks.
注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 词左右。
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
One day, I met my cousin, who also had a large birthmark on his arm._
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Paragraph 2:
From then on, when I met people, I began to change myself.
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【答案】One day, I met my cousin, who also had a large birthmark on his arm. Depressed and upset, I poured out all my recent experiences to him. “You should be confident and proud of your birthmarks!” he exclaimed, “it’s a tough pill to swallow, but it’s necessary medicine.” Looking at me straight in the eyes, He told me that he had also struggled to accept his birthmark, but now he saw it as a unique part of himself that made him stand out. “Just remember, what others see is what you want them to see.” His words struck a chord with me, and I realized that I had been too focused on the negative aspects of my birthmarks.
From then on, when I met people, I began to change myself. Instead of feeling embarrassed, I began to embrace my birthmarks and see them as a part of my identity. When people asked me about my birthmarks, I answered them with confidence, explaining that they were beautiful birthmarks passed down from my mother’s family. Gradually, I learned to accept and love myself and I noticed that people around me began to appreciate and accept me as well. I no longer felt self-conscious about them. Instead, I felt empowered by them. My birthmarks were no longer a source of shame, but a symbol of beauty and confidence.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，这篇文章主要讲述了一个人对自己身上的胎记的困扰和接受过程。作者从小就因为嘴唇和口腔内的胎记而感到自我意识强烈，经常遭受他人的奇异目光和嘲笑，导致他感到困惑和无助。他曾试图隐藏这些胎记，甚至想通过手术来移除它们，但最终还是选择了接受它们。最后，作者通过母亲的鼓励，学会了接受自己的胎记，并将它们视为美丽的独特标记，而不是缺陷。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“有一天，我遇到了我的表弟，他的手臂上也有一块很大的胎记”可知，第一段可描写作者倾诉了自己的经历，表弟进行了心理疏导，让作者对表弟的话有了共鸣。
②由第二段首句内容“从那时起，当我遇到人时，我开始改变自己”可知，第二段可描写作者开始接受自己的胎记，并且逐渐变得自信。
2.续写线索：遇到表弟——倾诉经历——疏导——共鸣——接受——自信
3.词汇激活
行为类
① 接受：embrace/accept/adopt
② 回应：answered/responded/replied/addressed
③ 欣赏：appreciate/value/admire/recognize
情绪类
①尴尬的：embarrassed/ashamed/humiliated
②自信的：confident/assured/assertive
【点睛】[高分句型1] He told me that he had also struggled to accept his birthmark, but now he saw it as a unique part of himself that made him stand out. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] When people asked me about my birthmarks, I answered them with confidence, explaining that they were beautiful birthmarks passed down from my mother’s family. (运用了When引导的时间状语从句)
听力：1-5 AACBC 6-10 CBBAB 11-15 ACBAC 16-20 AABCB
