2024年高考英语模拟试题分类汇编：语法填空（北京专用)
（一）
（204届 . 北京海淀区 . 统考一模）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
A parent's nightmare turned to relief in Florida as policemen swiftly rescued a missing five-year-old girl with autism. The local police launched a desperate search, __11__ (use) air and ground efforts. Thermal imaging (热成像) __12__ (lead) to the discovery of her in a swampy area. A body-worn camera captured the heroic moment of her rescue. __13__ policemen's quick response, she was found unharmed. The public praised the team’s efficiency in turning __14__ could have been a tragedy into a heartwarming reunion.
【答案】11. using 12. led 13. With 14. what
【导语】这是一排你记叙文，文章主要讲佛罗里达警方通过空中和地面努力，利用热成像迅速营救了失踪的自闭症女孩，因警察的快速反应，女孩安然无恙，此次营救被公众赞扬。
【11题详解】
考察现在分词。句意：当地警方发起了绝望的搜索，使用了空中和地面的努力。句子主语 The local police 与 use 之间是主动关系，“使用”这一动作正在进行，所以用现在分词 using 作状语。故填using。
【12题详解】
考察动词时态。句意：热成像导致在一个沼泽地区发现了她。句子描述的是过去发生的事情，“导致”这一动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时 led。故填led。
【13题详解】
考察介词。句意：有了警察的快速反应，她被发现没有受到伤害。故填with。
【14题详解】
考察连词。句意：公众赞扬了该团队的效率，将本可能成为一场悲剧变成了一次温暖人心的团聚。这里是 what 引导的宾语从句，what 在从句中充当主语，表示“……的事情”。故填what。
B
Li-ion batteries store a lot of energy in a small amount of space. When that energy is released in an uncontrolled manner, it generates heat, __15__ can transform certain internal battery components into burnable gases. Consumers should purchase batteries that are only listed by a nationally __16__ (recognize) testing
laboratory and stop using the device if the battery shows signs of damage, such as an unusual smell, excessive heat, popping sounds or change in color. Among all the places to charge these devices, __17__ (safe) one is outdoors away from any structure and not in direct sunlight.
【答案】15. which 16. recognized 17. the safest
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲锂电池能量储存多，不当释放有危害，使用充电需注意安全。
【15题详解】
考察定语从句。句意：当能量以不受控制的方式释放时，它会产生热量，这会将某些内部电池组件转化为可燃气体。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的句子。故填which。
【16题详解】
考察过去分词。句意：消费者应购买仅由国家认可的测试实验室列出的电池，如果电池出现损坏迹象，例如异常气味、过度发热、爆裂声或颜色变化，则应停止使用该设备。recognized过去分词作定语，修饰 testing laboratory，表示“被认可的”。故填recognized。
【17题详解】
考察形容词最高级。 句意：在所有为这些设备充电的地方中，最安全的一个是在户外远离任何建筑物且不在直射阳光下。the safest：用最高级表示“最安全的”。故填the safest。
C
For brands to succeed, they must grasp and adapt to evolving consumer taste. Over the past decade, China __18__ (witness) a shift in consumer behavior marked by the rise of guochao, a trend emphasizing nationalistic branding. Chinese consumers displayed a strong __19__ (prefer) for locally-made products. Therefore, it's crucial for brands to genuinely comprehend and honor local customs, traditions, and values. While integrating Chinese elements into marketing strategies can be effective, it should be handled thoughtfully __20__ (avoid) cultural insensitivity.
【答案】18. has witnessed 19. preference 20.to avoid
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲品牌成功需适应消费者口味变化，尤其要注意国潮相关。
【18题详解】
考察时态。句意：在过去的十年里，中国（18）见证了消费者行为的转变，其标志是国潮的兴起，这一趋势强调民族品牌。“over the past + 时间段”常与现在完成时连用，表示在过去的一段时间里发生的事情对现在有影响，主语 China 是单数，所以用 has witnessed。故填has witnessed。
【19题详解】
考察名词。句意：中国消费者对本地制造的产品表现出强烈的偏好。a strong preference for 表示“对……有强烈的偏好”。故填preference。
【20题详解】
考察动词不定式。句意：虽然将中国元素融入营销策略可能是有效的，但应该谨慎处理以避免文化不敏感。to avoid ，此处用不定式表目的，“ handled thoughtfully to avoid cultural insensitivity ”意为“谨慎处理以避免文化不敏感”。故填to avoid。
（二）
（2024届 . 北京西城区 . 统考一模）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
I’ll never forget my first visit to China. Mum encouraged me to try different kinds of food, and I did! I loved everything. But just when I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu. A horrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe. “You needn’t try it ____11____ you don’t want to, ”Mum said. But I ____12____ (gather) all my courage to take a bite and was amazed to find it wasn’t so bad. It reminded me of blue cheese, a similarly strong smelling type of food you either love or hate. Maybe I ____13____ (fall) in love with stinky tofu-someday.
【答案】11. if 12. gathered 13. will fall
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者第一次去中国吃臭豆腐经历。
【11题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：妈妈说：“如果你不想试，就不必试。”引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”应用if。故填if。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：但我鼓起勇气吃了一口，惊讶地发现它并没有那么糟糕。根据后文“and was amazed to find it wasn’t so bad”可知发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填gathered。
【13题详解】
考查时态。句意：也许有一天我会爱上臭豆腐。此处表示将来发生的动作用一般将来时。故填will fall。
B
The 5-Second Rule suggests food is OK to eat if you pick it up ____14____five seconds or less. Believe it or not,
scientists have tested the rule. We’re sorry to report it’s not necessarily true. Bacteria can attach ____15____ (it) to your food instantly, regardless of how quickly it ____16____ (pick) up. Food left there for five seconds or less will probably collect less bacteria than food sitting there for a longer time, but fast may not be fast enough. Floors, even clean-looking ones, harbor bacteria. Ultimately, if in doubt, abandon the food ____17____ (avoid) potential illness.
【答案】14. in 15. itself 16. is picked 17. to avoid
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了食物掉在地上，不管在多么短的时间内把它捡起来，都会有细菌附着。
【14题详解】
考查介词。句意：5秒法则认为，如果你能在5秒或更短的时间内拿起食物，你就可以吃。结合句意可知，此处表示“在5秒内”，使用介词in，故填in。
【15题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：细菌可以立即附着在你的食物上，不管它被吸收的速度有多快。it和主语Bacteria是同一指代对象，应用反身代词作宾语，故填itself。
【16题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。it指代food，和动词pick之间是被动关系，且句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填is picked。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，如果有疑问，放弃食物以避免潜在的疾病。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to avoid。
C
Your hometown could affect your navigational (导航的) skills. New research indicates that individuals ____18____ (raise) in cities with structured street patterns may encounter difficulties in navigation compared to those from rural areas with more organic layouts. This conclusion was drawn from a study ____19____ (involve) players of a mobile game about sea, ____20____ tests 3-D navigation skills. However, there’s hope for city residents: an urban version of the game showed slight improvements for them.
【答案】18. raised 19. involving 20. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，与那些来自有机布局的农村地区的人相比，在有结构化街
道模式的城市中长大的人在导航方面可能会遇到困难。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一项新的研究表明，与那些来自有机布局的农村地区的人相比，在有结构化街道模式的城市中长大的人在导航方面可能会遇到困难。分析句子结构可知raise与逻辑主语individuals构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填raised。
【19题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这一结论来自一项研究，研究对象是一款关于海洋的手机游戏的玩家，该游戏测试的是3D导航技能。分析句子结构可知involve与逻辑主语study构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填involving。
【20题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这一结论来自一项研究，研究对象是一款关于海洋的手机游戏的玩家，该游戏测试的是3D导航技能。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词game，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。
（三）
（2024届 . 北京东城区等五区 . 统考一模）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Chinese restaurants have played an important role in different ___11___ (country) worldwide, where there can be specialized versions of Chinese food. For example,General Tso’s chicken, ___12___ (name)after Tso Tsung-tang, a military leader of the Qing Dynasty, is what Americans love to eat because it is sweet, fried. Obviously, the recipe___13___ (change) a lot to suit different regional tastes, leading to variations in the cooking method used.
【答案】11. countries 12. named 13. has changed##changes
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍世界上很多国家都有中餐馆，但为了适应当地人的口味，有些中餐的食谱发生了很大的变化。
【11题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：中国餐馆在世界上不同的国家扮演着重要的角色，在那些国家可能有特别版本的中国食物。country“国家”是可数名词，被different修饰，应用其复数形式，作宾语。故填countries。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，以清朝军事领袖左宗棠的名字命名的左宗棠鸡，是美国人喜欢吃的，因为
它是甜的，油炸的。分析可知，空处为名词General Tso’s chicken的后置定语，故name应用非谓语动词形式；General Tso’s chicken和name...after“以……命名”之间为被动关系，name应用过去分词。故填named。
【13题详解】
考查时态。句意：显然，为了适应不同地区的口味，食谱会发生很大的变化，这就导致了烹饪方法的变化。空处为句子谓语动词；此处可看作过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，也可看作陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语the recipe是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has changed/changes。
B
Being able to understand local jokes is often seen as a great icebreaker for a foreign language learner___14___tries to start friendships with native speakers. However,when ___15___ (study)a foreign language,a beginner always considers jokes hard to understand.Most of the time,jokes are only funny for people who share acultural background or understand humor in the same way.And there is___16___ (much) to understanding a joke in a foreign language than understanding vocabulary and grammar.
【答案】14. who 15. studying 16. more
【解析】
【导语】这是一段说明文。文章提到能听懂当地的笑话，可以更好的学习当地的语言，与当地人建立联系。
【14题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：对于试图与母语人士建立友谊的外语学习者来说，能够听懂当地的笑话通常被视为一个很好的破冰器。分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词language leaner（语言学习者）为人，且从句中缺少主语，因此可使用关系代词who在从句中作主语。故填who。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：然而，在学习一门外语时，初学者总是认为笑话很难理解。分析句子结构可知，该句已有谓语considers（认为），空处应使用非谓语，主语a beginner（初学者）与study（学习）之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词表示主动。故填studying。
【16题详解】
考查比较级。句意：理解一个笑话比理解词汇和语法要复杂得多。分析句子结构可知，空处用来强调理解笑话的过程比单纯的词汇和语法理解要复杂，可使用much比较级more修饰。根据than，也可知答案。故填more。
C
The dinner party is ___17___ threat, announced a recent lifestyle column in The Times. You might wonder, “How can this be Don’t we throw parties for friends on special occasions ” But ___18___ The Times worries about
is another kind of disappearing. It is usually hosted in one’s home. Invitations ___19___ (send) out weeks in advance and the hosts prepare food ___20___ (careful). Yet nowadays, people prefer to eat takeout food on their sofa while juggling a mobile phone and a remote control.
【答案】17. under 18. what 19. are sent 20. carefully
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了《纽约时报》最近的一篇生活方式专栏文章宣称，晚宴正在消失并解释了晚宴消失的一些原因。
【17题详解】
考查介词。句意：《纽约时报》最近的一篇生活方式专栏文章宣称，晚宴受到了威胁。under threat为固定搭配，意为“受到威胁”。故填under。
【18题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：但《纽约时报》担心的是另一种消失。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。
【19题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：邀请函会提前几周发出，主人会精心准备食物。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，Invitations和send out为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are sent。
【20题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词prepare，需用副词carefully，作状语。故填carefully。
（四）
（2024届 . 北京石景山区 . 统考一模）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
In my old school days, running ____11____(consider) boring and painful for me. When I started to work, I realised exercise should be part of my lifestyle. Later, running became my career. Over the years, I ____12____(coach) many running teams. Needless to say, running has its benefits. It is believed ____13____running can decrease the risk of death. So are you currently not doing it I encourage you to start now.
【答案】11. was considered 12 have coached 13. that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了跑步成了作者的职业，鼓励人们跑步。
【11题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在我上学校的时代，跑步对我来说是无聊和痛苦的。根据“In my old school days”可知，本句为一般过去时，主语 running与谓语consider为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was considered。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：这些年来，我执教过许多跑步队。根据“Over the years”可知，本句为现在完成时。故填have coached。
【13题详解】
考查连接词。句意：人们认为跑步可以降低死亡风险。It is believed that“人们认为……”that引导主语从句，it作形式主语。故填that。
B
Although Start of Autumn, the 13th traditional Chinese solar term, often indicates the ____14____ (begin) of autumn, heat waves will not come to an end. The period of high temperatures,____15____ (call) “Autumn Tiger”, usually lasts for about 30 days. Because of decreasing precipitation(降水), it is even hotter during this period than Major Heat. As the saying goes, “If it rains ____16____the day of Start of Autumn, a good harvest is expected.”
【答案】14. beginning 15. called 16. on
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了立秋的相关信息。
【14题详解】
考查名词。句意：虽然立秋是中国传统的第13个节气，通常预示着秋天的开始，但热浪不会结束。名词beginning作宾语。the beginning of……的开始，故填beginning。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：高温期被称为“秋老虎”，通常持续30天左右。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，The period of high temperatures与call为被动关系，用过去分词，作后置定语，故填called。
【16题详解】
考查介词。句意：俗话说：“立秋下雨万物收”。具体指某一天，介词用on。故填on。
C
Are you still discussing and getting your head round Chat GPT,____17____potential will disturb everything
from marketing to education Well, Sora is about ____18____(blow) those debates wide open. OpenAI’s Sora, a text-to-video AI model capable of generating ____19____ (remarkable) realistic and imaginative scenes from text instructions, just entered the chat room. A world where reality bends to the will of words has arrived,____20____(shape)a new era not just for technology but for humanity itself.
【答案】17. whose 18. to blow 19. remarkably 20. shaping
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了人工智能OpenAI’s Sora。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：你是否还在讨论和理解ChatGPT，它的潜力将会扰乱从市场营销到教育的一切？先行词为Chat GPT，作定语从句的定语，关系代词为whose。故填whose。
【18题详解】
考查不定式。句意：好吧， Sora即将把这些争论彻底公开。be about to do sth“即将做某事”。故填to blow。
【19题详解】
考查副词。句意：OpenAI的Sora是一种文本到视频的人工智能模型，能够根据文本指令生成非常逼真和富有想象力的场景，刚刚进入聊天室。副词remarkably修饰形容词作状语。故填remarkably。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：一个现实屈从于文字意志的世界已经到来，不仅为技术，也为人类本身塑造了一个新时代。空处为非谓，表示一种自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故填shaping。
（五）
（2024届 . 北京房山区 . 统考一模）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Humankind’s growing need for food is running up against thousands of other species’ need for space. By 2050, humans may need to clear an additional 3.35 million square ___11___ (kilometer) of land for agriculture. ___12___ (transform) these largely natural habitats would squeeze more than 17,000 vertebrate species from some of their lands. But changing how and where food ___13___ (grow) can minimize the impacts. “We can feed the planet without messing it up too badly,” says conservation scientist David Williams.
【答案】11. kilometers 12. Transforming/To transform 13. is grown
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是人类对食物日益增长的需求与成千上万的其他物种对空间的需求发生了冲突。
【11题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：到2050年，人类可能需要额外清理335万平方公里的农业用地。由3.35 million可知，可数名词kilometer用复数形式，故填kilometers。
【12题详解】
考查动名词和不定式。句意：改变这些主要是自然栖息地，将从它们的一些土地上挤出超过17000种脊椎动物。空格处用动名词和不定式作主语，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填Transforming/To transform。
【13题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：但改变食物的种植方式和地点可以将影响降到最低。从句主语food和谓语动词grow是被动关系，食物是被种植，句子描述客观事实，因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语food是不可数名词，因此空格处是is grown。故填is grown。
B
Saturday not only marked the last day of China’s 2024 Spring Festival holiday, but also closed out the eight-day domestic film period, ___14___ ended strongly as the highest-grossing Chinese New Year holiday in the history of domestic cinema. According to a report, over 163 million people ___15___ (go) to cinemas, a 26% increase from the 2023 Spring Festival holiday. And box-office sales reached more than 8 billion yuan, up 18% ___16___ (compare) to last year’s holiday period.
【答案】14. which 15. went pared
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是周六不仅是中国2024年春节假期的最后一天，也是为期8天的国产电影档期的最后一天，该档期以国产电影史上票房最高的春节假期强势结束。
【14题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：周六不仅是中国2024年春节假期的最后一天，也是为期8天的国产电影档期的最后一天，该档期以国产电影史上票房最高的春节假期强势结束。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词film period是指电影档期，因此空格处用which引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。
【15题详解】
考查时态。句意：根据一份报告，超过1.63亿人去电影院，比2023年春节假期增加了26%。根据语境可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式went，故填went。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：票房收入超过80亿元，比去年同期增长18%。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是reached，空格处用非谓语动词，box-office sales和compare之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填compared。
C
The dragon, a famous beast born from fantasy, ___17___ (exercise) a hold on people’s imagination over centuries. In traditional Chinese culture, a dragon is a symbol of luck, power and high status. They can cause weather changes and bring rainfall to the fields ___18___ (ensure) rich harvests. Therefore, to symbolize their power, ancient Chinese emperors decorated their clothes ___19___ dragon patterns. Many Chinese view the dragon as a national symbol, ___20___ (proud) referring to themselves as “descendants of the dragon”.
【答案】17. has exercised/has been exercising 18. to ensure 19. with 20. proudly
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了中国传统文化中龙的象征意义及其在历史中的地位。
【17题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：龙，一种从幻想中诞生的著名猛兽，几个世纪以来一直占据着人们的想象力。分析句子可知，exercise(运用，行使)是句中谓语动词，与主语The dragon(龙)之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语over centuries，描述从过去持续到现在的行为，用现在完成时态，也可用现在完成进行时强调行为的持续，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。故填has exercised/has been exercising。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们可以引起天气变化，给田地带来降雨，确保丰收。“(ensure) rich harvests”是“bring rainfall to the fields”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to ensure。
【19题详解】
考查介词。句意：因此，为了象征他们的权力，中国古代皇帝用龙的图案装饰他们的衣服。decorate...with...是固定搭配，意为“用……装饰……”。故填with。
【20题详解】
考查副词。句意：许多中国人将龙视为国家的象征，自豪地称自己为“龙的传人”。提示词修饰动词referring，用副词proudly作状语，意为“自豪地”。故填proudly。
（六）
（2024届 . 北京延庆 . 统考一模）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的
空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Shenzhou XVII crew members completed their first spacewalk on 22nd December, 2023, completing a host of tasks outside the Tiangong space station. It was the 14th spacewalk ____11____ (conduct) by Chinese astronauts. There are a lot of science and technology assignments for them ____12____ (perform) during the remaining days of their stay in orbit. Since their arrival, the astronauts ____13____(examine) and maintained equipment and made preparations for their spacewalk.
【答案】11. conducted 12. to perform 13. have examined
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是神舟十七号机组人员在天宫空间站外行走的情况。
【11题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：这是中国宇航员进行的第14次太空行走。空处应填非谓语动词， the 14th spacewalk与conduct之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动，作后置定语。故填conducted。
【12题详解】
考查不定式。句意：在他们停留在轨道上的剩余日子里，他们要完成许多科学和技术任务。由句意及空后的during the remaining days of their stay in orbit可知此处表示将来的动作且them与perform之间为主动关系，应用不定式的主动形式to perform。故填to perform。
【13题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：自抵达以来，宇航员已经检查和维护了设备，并为太空行走做准备。空处应填谓语动词，由句意及时间状语Since their arrival可知应用现在完成时，并且根据 maintained equipment and made preparations可知并列谓语，所以不能用现在完成进行时，表示自从抵达以来，她们已经完成了这些事情。故填have examined。
B
As a mother to three boys, I’m used to receiving my favorite soap as a gift for every occasion．It doesn’t require much effort, and my sons know that I love it．One day my son saw a magazine on my desk with Jane Goodall ____14____ the cover．I said, “She’s my favorite person.”The next Christmas, I was expecting my soap ____15____ my sons handed me an envelope．Inside was/a copy of National Geographic signed by Jane Goodall．I ____16____(move) to tears.I will always cherish the magazine and thoughtfulness of my boys finding me the perfect
gift．
【答案】14. on 15. when 16. was moved
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位母亲收到了儿子送给她的特别礼物——一本由简·古道尔签名的《国家地理》杂志，她非常感动并会永远珍惜这个礼物。
【14题详解】
考查介词。句意：一天，我儿子看到一本我桌上的杂志，封面上是简·古道尔。on the cover 为固定搭配，意为“在封面上”。故填on。
【15题详解】
考查连词。句意：第二个圣诞节，我正期待着我的肥皂，这时我的儿子递给我一个信封。此处为“be doing...when...”结构，表示“正在做某事，这时……”。故填when。
【16题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：我感动得流下了眼泪。根据上下文可知，陈述过去事情，应用一般过去时；I和move之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填was moved。
C
When the 48-year-old Uzbek gymnast, Oksana Chusovitina, ____17____ (participate) in the Asiad women’s gymnastics qualification on Monday, thousands of spectators chanted for “Qiu Ma,” ____18____ translates to “Mother Chusovitina”. When her son was diagnosed with leukemia in 2002, she adopted German citizenship to compete at global events for a higher income and ____19____ (good) medical treatment. Aften her son’s ____20____ (recover), Chusovitina continued her gymnastics journey out of sheer love for the sport．
【答案】17. participated 18. which 19. better 20. recovery
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了48岁的乌兹别克斯坦体操运动员奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜参加亚运会女子体操资格赛的故事，她被称为“丘妈”。她曾为给儿子治病改德国国籍，儿子康复后她继续体操生涯。
【17题详解】
考查时态。句意：本周一，当48岁的乌兹别克斯坦体操运动员奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜参加亚洲女子体操资格赛时，数千名观众高呼“丘妈”，意为“丘索维金娜妈妈”。根据时间状语“on Monday”和下文的chanted可知，句子应用一般过去时。故填 participated。
【18题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：本周一，当48岁的乌兹别克斯坦体操运动员奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜参加亚洲女子体操资格赛时，数千名观众高呼“丘妈”，意为“丘索维金娜妈妈”。先行词为“Qiu Ma”，指物，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填 which。
【19题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：2002年，当她的儿子被诊断出患有白血病时，她加入了德国国籍，以便参加国际赛事，以获得更高的收入和更好的医疗服务。根据空格前的“higher income”可知，此处应用形容词比较级，表示“更好的医疗治疗”。故填better。
【20题详解】
考查名词。句意：在儿子康复后，出于对这项运动的热爱，丘索维金娜继续了她的体操之旅。根据空格前的名词所有格“her son’s”可知，此处应用名词形式作宾语，表示“康复”。故填 recovery。
（七）
（2024届 . 北京门头沟 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
When he was 7 years old, Francis Kere left his family to attend school because his village did not have one of _____11_____ (it) own. Thirteen years later, he moved to Germany. He dreamed of returning home to build the classroom that didn’t then exist. In 2001, Kere completed his first school ____12____ (build). He then ____13____ (creative) transformed his village and other communities in Africa. In 2022, he won “Nobel Prize in architecture”, the Pritzker Prize.
【答案】11. its 12. building/buildings 13. creatively
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了弗朗西斯·凯雷的事迹和他获得了普利兹克奖的相关事宜。
【11题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：Francis Kere 7岁时离开家人去上学，因为他的村庄没有自己的学校。its own (它自己)符合句意，用形容词性物主代词its。of one's own“某人自己的” 。故填its。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：2001年，科尔完成了他的第一座校舍（艺术）。building可做可数名词，意为“建筑物”，学校建筑物数量大于一，用其复数形式；building也可做不可数名词，意为“建筑（的艺术或行业）”，此处应该指建筑艺术。故填building(s)。
【13题详解】
考查副词。句意：然后，他创造性地改造了自己的村庄和非洲的其他社区。副词creatively作状语，修饰动词transformed。故填creatively。
B
To develop a snack we all know and love, companies have to work out ____14____ people have an appetite for. Today, companies often ask customers to choose the flavors they fancy on apps, ____15____ (look) out for the latest taste trends. Snack trends also change over time. When supermarkets ____16____ (encourage) to remove unhealthy snacks from the cashier desk, companies are quick to provide healthier treats.
【答案】14. what 15. looking 16. are encouraged
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今的公司竭尽全力为顾客提供合心意的零食。
【14题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：为了开发一种我们都知道和喜爱的零食，公司必须弄清楚人们对什么有兴趣。该空引导宾语从句，从句中缺宾语，意为“……的事物”，用连接代词what。故填what。
【15题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：如今，公司经常要求客户在应用程序上选择他们喜欢的口味，留心最新的口味趋势。逻辑主语companies和非谓语动词短语look out for是主动关系，该空用现在分词形式作状语。故填looking。
【16题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：当超市被鼓励从收银台上撤下不健康的零食时，公司会迅速提供更健康的零食。讲述现在的一种情况，且从句主语supermarkets和从句谓语动词encourage是被动关系，encourage用一般现在时的被动语态，注意主谓一致。故填are encouraged。
C
____17____ February 10, the first day of the Year of the Dragon, the crowd in a public square in London burst into cheers. Sixteen dancers performed the Chaoshan Yingge dance, a traditional Chinese folk dance ____18____ (celebrate) Chinese New Year. In the Chaoshan region of Guangdong province, ____19____ the dance originated, people believe it brings good luck for new year. This performance ____20____ (attract) millions of tourists since 2023.
【答案】17. On 18. to celebrate 19. where 20. has attracted
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章从龙年第一天伦敦广场上的舞者表演展开，简要介绍了发源于广东潮汕地区的一种传统民间舞蹈——英歌舞。
【17题详解】
考查介词。句意：2月10日，龙年的第一天，伦敦广场上的人群爆发出欢呼声。通常用介词on和具体的日期搭配，表示在这一天，且空处位于句首，on的首字母需大写。故填On。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：16名舞者表演了潮汕英歌舞，这是一种庆祝中国新年的传统民间舞蹈。分析句子可知，空处作dance的后置定语，是非谓语动词，此处介绍这一舞蹈的功能或用途，应用celebrate“庆祝”的不定式形式。故填to celebrate。
【19题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在这种舞蹈的发源地广东潮汕地区，人们相信它能给新年带来好运。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词the Chaoshan region作补充说明，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【20题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自2023年以来，这一表演吸引了数百万游客。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为since 2023，句子应用现在完成时，且主语This performance为单数，助动词用has。故填has attracted。2024年高考英语模拟试题分类汇编：语法填空（北京专用)
（一）
（204届 . 北京海淀区 . 统考一模）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
A parent's nightmare turned to relief in Florida as policemen swiftly rescued a missing five-year-old girl with autism. The local police launched a desperate search, __11__ (use) air and ground efforts. Thermal imaging (热成像) __12__ (lead) to the discovery of her in a swampy area. A body-worn camera captured the heroic moment of her rescue. __13__ policemen's quick response, she was found unharmed. The public praised the team’s efficiency in turning __14__ could have been a tragedy into a heartwarming reunion.
B
Li-ion batteries store a lot of energy in a small amount of space. When that energy is released in an uncontrolled manner, it generates heat, __15__ can transform certain internal battery components into burnable gases. Consumers should purchase batteries that are only listed by a nationally __16__ (recognize) testing laboratory and stop using the device if the battery shows signs of damage, such as an unusual smell, excessive heat, popping sounds or change in color. Among all the places to charge these devices, __17__ (safe) one is outdoors away from any structure and not in direct sunlight.
C
For brands to succeed, they must grasp and adapt to evolving consumer taste. Over the past decade, China __18__ (witness) a shift in consumer behavior marked by the rise of guochao, a trend emphasizing nationalistic branding. Chinese consumers displayed a strong __19__ (prefer) for locally-made products. Therefore, it's crucial for brands to genuinely comprehend and honor local customs, traditions, and values. While integrating Chinese elements into marketing strategies can be effective, it should be handled thoughtfully __20__ (avoid) cultural insensitivity.
（二）
（2024届 . 北京西城区 . 统考一模）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
I’ll never forget my first visit to China. Mum encouraged me to try different kinds of food, and I did! I loved everything. But just when I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu. A horrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe. “You needn’t try it ____11____ you don’t want to, ”Mum said. But I ____12____ (gather) all my courage to take a bite and was amazed to find it wasn’t so bad. It reminded me of blue cheese, a similarly strong smelling type of food you either love or hate. Maybe I ____13____ (fall) in love with stinky tofu-someday.
B
The 5-Second Rule suggests food is OK to eat if you pick it up ____14____five seconds or less. Believe it or not, scientists have tested the rule. We’re sorry to report it’s not necessarily true. Bacteria can attach ____15____ (it) to your food instantly, regardless of how quickly it ____16____ (pick) up. Food left there for five seconds or less will probably collect less bacteria than food sitting there for a longer time, but fast may not be fast enough. Floors, even clean-looking ones, harbor bacteria. Ultimately, if in doubt, abandon the food ____17____ (avoid) potential illness.
C
Your hometown could affect your navigational (导航的) skills. New research indicates that individuals ____18____ (raise) in cities with structured street patterns may encounter difficulties in navigation compared to those from rural areas with more organic layouts. This conclusion was drawn from a study ____19____ (involve) players of a mobile game about sea, ____20____ tests 3-D navigation skills. However, there’s hope for city residents: an urban version of the game showed slight improvements for them.
（三）
（2024届 . 北京东城区等五区 . 统考一模）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Chinese restaurants have played an important role in different ___11___ (country) worldwide, where there can be specialized versions of Chinese food. For example,General Tso’s chicken, ___12___ (name)after Tso Tsung-tang, a military leader of the Qing Dynasty, is what Americans love to eat because it is sweet, fried. Obviously, the recipe___13___ (change) a lot to suit different regional tastes, leading to variations in the cooking method used.
B
Being able to understand local jokes is often seen as a great icebreaker for a foreign language
learner___14___tries to start friendships with native speakers. However,when ___15___ (study)a foreign language,a beginner always considers jokes hard to understand.Most of the time,jokes are only funny for people who share acultural background or understand humor in the same way.And there is___16___ (much) to understanding a joke in a foreign language than understanding vocabulary and grammar.
C
The dinner party is ___17___ threat, announced a recent lifestyle column in The Times. You might wonder, “How can this be Don’t we throw parties for friends on special occasions ” But ___18___ The Times worries about is another kind of disappearing. It is usually hosted in one’s home. Invitations ___19___ (send) out weeks in advance and the hosts prepare food ___20___ (careful). Yet nowadays, people prefer to eat takeout food on their sofa while juggling a mobile phone and a remote control.
（四）
（2024届 . 北京石景山区 . 统考一模）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
In my old school days, running ____11____(consider) boring and painful for me. When I started to work, I realised exercise should be part of my lifestyle. Later, running became my career. Over the years, I ____12____(coach) many running teams. Needless to say, running has its benefits. It is believed ____13____running can decrease the risk of death. So are you currently not doing it I encourage you to start now.
B
Although Start of Autumn, the 13th traditional Chinese solar term, often indicates the ____14____ (begin) of autumn, heat waves will not come to an end. The period of high temperatures,____15____ (call) “Autumn Tiger”, usually lasts for about 30 days. Because of decreasing precipitation(降水), it is even hotter during this period than Major Heat. As the saying goes, “If it rains ____16____the day of Start of Autumn, a good harvest is expected.”
C
Are you still discussing and getting your head round Chat GPT,____17____potential will disturb everything from marketing to education Well, Sora is about ____18____(blow) those debates wide open. OpenAI’s Sora, a text-to-video AI model capable of generating ____19____ (remarkable) realistic and imaginative scenes from text instructions, just entered the chat room. A world where reality bends to the will of words has arrived,____20____(shape)a new era not just for technology but for humanity itself.
（五）
（2024届 . 北京房山区 . 统考一模）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Humankind’s growing need for food is running up against thousands of other species’ need for space. By 2050, humans may need to clear an additional 3.35 million square ___11___ (kilometer) of land for agriculture. ___12___ (transform) these largely natural habitats would squeeze more than 17,000 vertebrate species from some of their lands. But changing how and where food ___13___ (grow) can minimize the impacts. “We can feed the planet without messing it up too badly,” says conservation scientist David Williams.
B
Saturday not only marked the last day of China’s 2024 Spring Festival holiday, but also closed out the eight-day domestic film period, ___14___ ended strongly as the highest-grossing Chinese New Year holiday in the history of domestic cinema. According to a report, over 163 million people ___15___ (go) to cinemas, a 26% increase from the 2023 Spring Festival holiday. And box-office sales reached more than 8 billion yuan, up 18% ___16___ (compare) to last year’s holiday period.
C
The dragon, a famous beast born from fantasy, ___17___ (exercise) a hold on people’s imagination over centuries. In traditional Chinese culture, a dragon is a symbol of luck, power and high status. They can cause weather changes and bring rainfall to the fields ___18___ (ensure) rich harvests. Therefore, to symbolize their power, ancient Chinese emperors decorated their clothes ___19___ dragon patterns. Many Chinese view the dragon as a national symbol, ___20___ (proud) referring to themselves as “descendants of the dragon”.
（六）
（2024届 . 北京延庆 . 统考一模）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Shenzhou XVII crew members completed their first spacewalk on 22nd December, 2023, completing a host of tasks outside the Tiangong space station. It was the 14th spacewalk ____11____ (conduct) by Chinese astronauts. There are a lot of science and technology assignments for them ____12____ (perform) during the remaining days of
their stay in orbit. Since their arrival, the astronauts ____13____(examine) and maintained equipment and made preparations for their spacewalk.
B
As a mother to three boys, I’m used to receiving my favorite soap as a gift for every occasion．It doesn’t require much effort, and my sons know that I love it．One day my son saw a magazine on my desk with Jane Goodall ____14____ the cover．I said, “She’s my favorite person.”The next Christmas, I was expecting my soap ____15____ my sons handed me an envelope．Inside was/a copy of National Geographic signed by Jane Goodall．I ____16____(move) to tears.I will always cherish the magazine and thoughtfulness of my boys finding me the perfect gift．
C
When the 48-year-old Uzbek gymnast, Oksana Chusovitina, ____17____ (participate) in the Asiad women’s gymnastics qualification on Monday, thousands of spectators chanted for “Qiu Ma,” ____18____ translates to “Mother Chusovitina”. When her son was diagnosed with leukemia in 2002, she adopted German citizenship to compete at global events for a higher income and ____19____ (good) medical treatment. Aften her son’s ____20____ (recover), Chusovitina continued her gymnastics journey out of sheer love for the sport．
（七）
（2024届 . 北京门头沟 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
When he was 7 years old, Francis Kere left his family to attend school because his village did not have one of _____11_____ (it) own. Thirteen years later, he moved to Germany. He dreamed of returning home to build the classroom that didn’t then exist. In 2001, Kere completed his first school ____12____ (build). He then ____13____ (creative) transformed his village and other communities in Africa. In 2022, he won “Nobel Prize in architecture”, the Pritzker Prize.
B
To develop a snack we all know and love, companies have to work out ____14____ people have an appetite for. Today, companies often ask customers to choose the flavors they fancy on apps, ____15____ (look) out for the latest taste trends. Snack trends also change over time. When supermarkets ____16____ (encourage) to remove unhealthy snacks from the cashier desk, companies are quick to provide healthier treats.
C
____17____ February 10, the first day of the Year of the Dragon, the crowd in a public square in London burst into cheers. Sixteen dancers performed the Chaoshan Yingge dance, a traditional Chinese folk dance ____18____ (celebrate) Chinese New Year. In the Chaoshan region of Guangdong province, ____19____ the dance originated, people believe it brings good luck for new year. This performance ____20____ (attract) millions of tourists since 2023.
