北京市怀柔区青苗学校普高部2023—2024学年第二学期
高二年级期中考试
英语
考生须知
1.本试卷共5页，分为四个部分。第一部分为听力理解题，共20小题（共30分）；第二部分为知识运用题，共35小题（共60分）；第三部分为阅读理解题，共15小题（共30分）；第四部分为书面表达题，共1小题（共30分）；
2.考生务必在试卷与答题卡上认真填写姓名、班级信息；
3.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。作答时必须使用黑色
字迹的签字笔作答；
4.考试结束时，立即停止答卷，监考人员将答题卡收回，考生保留试卷与草稿纸。
第一部分：听力理解（共三节，每小题1.5分，共30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）
听下面5段材料。每段材料后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段材料后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段材料你将听一遍。
1. What will the woman do tomorrow night
A. Have dinner with the man.
B. Work overtime in the office.
C. Join the man for coffee.
2. What is the season now
A. Autumn. B. Spring. C. Summer.
3. Where does the dialogue probably take place
A. At the man’s home. B. At the dining hall. C. At the restaurant.
4. When will the woman probably get to the railway station
A. At 6:30 p.m. B. At 7:00 p.m. C. At 7:30 p.m.
5. What can we learn about the woman
A. She’s got a new job. B. She’s hunting for a job. C. She hired a foreigner.
第二节（共10小题;每小题分1.5，共15分）
听下面4段材料。每段材料后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Why is the man calling
A. To confirm a room. B. To book a room. C. To cancel a room.
7. When might the man check in
A. At 7:00 a.m. B. Before 9:00 a.m. C. After 2:00 p.m.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What is the woman invited to do this Saturday
A. Do some shopping. B. Enjoy some art. C. Have dinner.
9. What does the woman want to know
A. When to come back. B. How to get there. C. What to wear.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the problem with the lockers
A. They are all removed.
B. They are not used properly.
C. They are unlocked.
11. What does the man suggest about the clothes-hangers
A. They should be bigger.
B. They should be smaller.
C. They should be stronger.
12. What’s the woman’s reaction to the man’s complaint
A. She will try to improve.
B. She doesn’t know what to do.
C. She will tell her boss about it.
听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。
13. Which of the following is the missing girl
A B. C.
14. Who is the man
A. A staff member. B. A passerby. C. A policeman.
15. Where is the girl found
A. On the street. B. At the store. C. In the Panda House.
第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）
听下面一段独白，完成第16至第20题五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。
HELPLINE DETAILS
Officer Jessica 16
Address 13 Marshall Road
Telephone Number 17
Opening Hours 9:30 a.m.— 6:00 p.m. on 18 10:00 a.m.— 4:00 p.m. on Saturdays
Others Ring or visit the office for a(n) 19 ； At busy times there may be a(n) 20 list.
第二部分：知识运用（共三节，共60分）
第一节：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A few weeks ago, I received a package containing seeds from my friend. When I asked her what they would ___1___ into, a smile crossed her face. “Just plant them and be patient. You’ll see for yourself ___2___!” she said.
I sowed the seeds in a flowerpot. In the first few days, I was very excited to search for the slightest signs, but ___3___ happened. With heavy loads of homework, I began to feel sad and ___4___. How much I longed for the color in my fast-paced life.
I watered the plants in dry periods. On the eighth day, to my great ___5___, a few light green sprouts (新芽) appeared. Bending down and studying the plants, I could almost hear them growing. More days passed, and the flowerpot soon became ___6___ with coriander (香菜) plants. Now they are taller than the edge of the pot, constantly shaking their leaves in the gentle wind, as if they were merrily singing a song of ___7___.
I am certain that after a few more days, my plants will be ready for___8___. These plants have played an important part in ___9___ up my everyday life. They may not be a main dish on our table, but using some will surely make our dishes delicious.
Let us all slow our pace down and be patient. So long as we take steps to set our hearts free, time and patience will ____10____ us with the pure pleasure of being alive in this lovely world.
1. A. grow B. run C. look D. break
2. A. immediately B. finally C. quickly D. regularly
3. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing
4. A. shocked B. disappointed C. embarrassed D. scared
5. A. surprise B. pity C. shame D. anxiety
6. A. packed B. lined C. crowded D. piled
7. A. courage B. freedom C. interest D. relief
8. A. harvest B. loss C. sights D. rest
9. A. picking B. ending C. brightening D. taking
10. A. impress B. assist C. surround D. reward
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者将香菜种子种在花盆里，后来种子发芽，长成了香菜，点亮了作者的生活，这让作者意识到只要我们采取措施让我们的心灵自由，时间和耐心会给我们带来快乐。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我问她它们长大后会变成什么样子时，她脸上掠过一丝笑容。A. grow生长；B. run跑；C. look看；D. break打破。由后文的“Just plant them and be patient. You’ll see for yourself”可知，作者朋友叫作者把种子种下去耐心等待，说明作者问的是种子长大后会变成什么，故选A。
【2题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：你最终会亲眼看到的！A. immediately立刻；B. finally最后；C. quickly快速地；D. regularly有规律地。but表转折，由上文的“I asked her what they would ___1___ into”可知，作者想知道种子长大会变成什么，那应该要到最后才能看到，故选B。
【3题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，我非常兴奋地寻找最轻微的迹象，但什么也没有发生。A. anything任何东西；B. everything所有东西；C. something某些东西；D. nothing没有任何东西。由上文的“I was very excited to search for the slightest signs”和but表转折可知，作者找种子发芽的迹象，但是却什么也没有发现，空格处是“没有任何东西”，故选D。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沉重的家庭作业，我开始感到悲伤和失望。A. shocked震惊的；B. disappointed失望的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. scared害怕的。由“With heavy loads of homework, I began to feel sad”和后面的“How much I longed for the color in my fast-paced life”可知，家庭作业太多，种子没有发芽，而作者又需要色彩，作者觉得伤心和失望，故选B。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第八天，让我大吃一惊的是，出现了几颗嫩绿的芽。A. surprise惊讶；B. pity同情；C. shame羞耻；D. anxiety焦虑。由后文的“a few light green sprouts (新芽) appeared”可知，种子发芽了，作者应该觉得惊讶，to one’s surprise意为“让某人惊讶的是”，故选A。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天过去了，花盆里很快摆满了香菜。A. packed打包；B. lined沿……形成行（或列、排）；C. crowded聚集；D. piled堆放。由第二段的“I sowed the seeds in a flowerpot”和后文的“with coriander (香菜) plants”可知，作者先前把种子种在花盆里，现在花盆里应该挤满了香菜，be crowded with意为“挤满”，故选C。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在它们比盆边还高了，它们的叶子在和风里不停地晃动着，好像在欢快地唱着一首自由的歌。A. courage勇气；B. freedom自由；C. interest兴趣；D. relief缓解。由上文的“constantly shaking their leaves in the gentle wind”可知，叶子在和风里不停地晃动着，给人感觉它们很自由，因此句子表示“好像在欢快地唱着一首自由的歌”，故选B。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信再过几天，我的植物就可以收获了。A. harvest收获；B. loss损失；C. sights视野；D. rest休息。由上文的“after a few more days”可知，再过几天香菜应该是可以收获了，故选A。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些植物在点亮我的日常生活中起着重要的作用。A. picking挑选；B. ending结束；C. brightening照亮；D. taking拿走。由后文的“using some will surely make our dishes delicious”可知，香菜使菜肴更美味，因此是点亮了作者的生活，故选C。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要我们采取措施让我们的心灵自由，时间和耐心会回报我们生活在这个可爱的世界的纯粹的快乐。A. impress使留下深刻印象；B. assist帮助；C. surround围绕；D. reward奖励。由上文的“So long as we take steps to set our hearts free, time and patience”和“with the pure pleasure of being alive in this lovely world”可知，句子表示“只要我们采取措施让我们的心灵自由，时间和耐心会回报我们生活在这个可爱的世界的纯粹的快乐”，因此空格处是“回报”，故选D。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Harry is an American businessman. His job ___11___ (require) him to do a lot of traveling In the past six months he has made nine trips, ___12___ purpose is to attend meetings and make presentations. Harry loves to travel and feels each country has a charm of its own. After graduation, Harry decided to make travel part of his career. He wanted to experience different cultures of other ___13___ (country). He was dreaming of working for an international company. Then his dream came true.
【答案】11. requires
12. whose 13. countries
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。哈里是一位美国商人。他的工作需要他经常出差。他梦想在一家国际公司工作。现在他在一家德国高科技公司工作。
11题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：他的工作要求他经常出差。文章主时态是一般现在时，主语job是单数，谓语动词用单数，故填requires。
12题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在过去的6个月里，他进行了 9 次旅行，目的是参加会议和做演讲。此处 trips 是先行词，关系词在后面的定语从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose，故填whose。
【13题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：他想体验其他国家的不同文化。根据 other“其他的”，可知后面用名词复数，故填countries。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Driving to Palm Springs two years ago, I met a snowstorm. A car suddenly changed the direction ___14___ (avoid) hitting mine and drifted (漂移) towards the side of the cliff. Meanwhile, some drivers ___15___(sit) in different cars rushed out. They ___16___(take) off the chains that had protected their own tyres and put them on that car’s tyres ___17___(rapid). Just as the car was about to be lost off the cliff, those drivers stepped up, letting their kind hearts go beyond the snowstorm.
【答案】14. to avoid
15. sitting
16. took 17. rapidly
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者开车去棕榈泉的途中，有车陷入困境，大家齐心帮忙的故事。
【14题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一辆汽车突然改变方向以避免撞上我的车，并向悬崖边漂移。动词avoid意为“避免”，分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为changed，故本空作非谓语动词，结合语意，汽车突然改变方向是为了避免撞上作者的车，空处应填不定式形式to avoid，作目的状语。故答案为to avoid。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，一些坐在不同车里的司机冲了出来。动词sit意为“坐”，分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为rushed out，故本空作非谓语动词，sit与逻辑主语drivers之间是主动关系，应填现在分词sitting，作定语，修饰名词drivers。故答案为sitting。
【16题详解】
考查时态。句意：他们摘下保护自己轮胎的链条，迅速把它们放在那辆汽车轮胎上。结合句意和空后的had protected可知，事情发生在过去，故主句用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式took。故答案为took。
【17题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们摘下保护自己轮胎的链条，迅速把它们放在那辆汽车轮胎上。分析句子结构可知，本空填副词rapidly“迅速地”，作状语，修饰动词put。故答案为rapidly。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
New research into EQ and IQ suggests that success is not simply the result of a high IQ. While your IQ tells you ___18___ intelligent you are, your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence. According to Professor Salovey, at work, it is IQ that gets you hired but it is EQ that gets you promoted. It is generally believed ___19___ people with high EQ are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life. They are also less likely to be troubled by problems. Also most social scientists agree that EQ has a lot to do ___20___ education — improving a person’s EQ, especially in terms of “people skills”.
【答案】18. how
19. that 20. with
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了智商和情商的作用以及两者之间的关系，智商说明你多聪明，情商说明怎样更好地运用智商。一个人的成功更多的在于他的情商。
【18题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：智商表明你到底有多聪明，而情商表明你如何善用智慧。设空处引导名词性从句作tell的宾语，设空处修饰形容词intelligent，表示“多么”，用连接副词how。故填how。
【19题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：人们普遍认为，情商高的人容易接纳新思想，对待生活积极乐观。句子分析可知，此句为固定句型“It is generally believed tha…(人们普遍认为……)”，句中it作形式主语，that引导的名词性从句为真正主语，that在从句中不作语法成分，无词汇意义，因此设空处填连接词that构成主语从句。故填that。
【20题详解】
考查介词。句意：大多数社会学家也认为，情商与教育有很大关系——提高一个人的情商，尤其是在“人际交往能力”方面。固定搭配have...to do with意为“与...有关”，have a lot to do with表示“与……有很大关系”符合句意，设空处填介词with。故填with。
第三节 选词填空题（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
请从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填空，并用其适当形式填空。
be eager to be enthusiastic about breakthrough precious apparent
21. You should always ____________ life so that you can conquer all the difficulties with great passion.
22. A family break allows you to spend ____________ time together.
23. Don’t worry, all the people around ____________ help you get through the difficulty.
24. His ____________ unwillingness would disappear if we paid him enough.
25. Scientists have made a ____________ in their treatment of that disease.
【答案】21. be enthusiastic about
22. precious
23. are eager to
24. apparent
25. breakthrough
【解析】
【21题详解】
考查短语。句意：你应该永远对生活充满热情，这样你才能用巨大的激情战胜一切困难。结合“you can conquer all the difficulties with great passion”可知，短语be enthusiastic about“对……充满热情”符合题意，表示对生活充满热情，情态动词should后接动词原形。故填be enthusiastic about。
【22题详解】
考查形容词。句意：家庭假期可以让你们一起度过宝贵的时光。空处修饰名词time，结合“A family break”可知，形容词precious为“宝贵的”符合题意，表示“度过宝贵的时光”。故填precious。
【23题详解】
考查短语。句意：别担心，周围所有的人都渴望帮助你度过难关。结合“Don’t worry”可知，短语be eager to“渴望”符合题意，表示渴望帮助你度过难关，且句子是描述当前的情况，时态用一般现在时，主语为复数，be动词应用are。故填are eager to。
【24题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果我们付给他足够的钱，他表面上的不情愿就会消失。空处修饰名词unwillingness，结合“if we paid him enough”可知，形容词apparent为“明显的，表面上的” 符合题意，表示表面上的不情愿就会消失。故填apparent。
【25题详解】
考查名词。句意：科学家们在治疗那种疾病方面取得了突破。空处作made的宾语，短语make a breakthrough为“取得突破”之意。故填breakthrough。
请从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填空，并用其适当形式填空。
stimulate pursue contribute gain knowledge expose oneself to
26. It’s important to ____________ students’ interests in learning.
27. Honesty and hard work___________ to success and happiness.
28. You can’t ___________ without practice. Wisdom comes from experience.
29. We can ___________ an English-speaking environment, which will help us build up a good foundation.
30. Everyone has the freedom to ___________ their dreams.
【答案】26. stimulate
27. contribute
28. gain knowledge
29. expose ourselves to
30. pursue
【解析】
【26题详解】
考查动词。句意：激发学生的学习兴趣很重要。动词stimulate 为“激发”之意，不定式to后接动词原形。结合句意，故填stimulate。
【27题详解】
考查动词。句意：诚实和勤奋有助于成功和幸福。短语contribute to为“有助于”之意。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是Honesty and hard work，谓语动词用复数形式。结合句意，故填contribute 。
【28题详解】
考查短语。句意：不实践不可能获得知识。智慧来自经验。短语gain knowledge 为“获得知识”之意，情态动词can’t后接动词原形。结合句意，故填gain knowledge 。
【29题详解】
考查短语。句意：我们可以置身于讲英语的环境中，这将帮助我们打好基础。短语expose oneself to为“暴露于”之意。情态动词can后接动词原形，主语是We，反身代词用ourselves。结合句意，故填expose ourselves to。
【30题详解】
考查动词。句意：每个人都有追求梦想的自由。动词pursue为“追求”之意，不定式to后接动词原形。结合句意，故填pursue。
请从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填空，并用其适当形式填空。
approve of be highly regarded the majority of affect put it another way
31. After the presentation, all people tended to___________the idea put forward by them.
32. ___________ people own a dog for a companionship.
33. His work ___________by other painters.
34. Your opinion will not ___________my decision.
35. Let me___________. Education is essential for progress.
【答案】31. approve of
32. The majority of
33. is highly regarded
34. affect 35. put it another way
【解析】
【31题详解】
考查短语。句意：演讲结束后，所有的人都倾向于赞同他们提出的想法。短语approve of为“同意，赞成”之意。tend to do sth.倾向于做某事。结合句意，故填approve of。
【32题详解】
考查短语。句意：大多数人养狗是为了作伴。短语the majority of 为“大多数”之意。结合句意，故填The majority of 。
【33题详解】
考查短语。句意：他的作品受到其他画家的高度评价。短语be highly regarded by为“受……高度评价”之意。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，且主语his work是单数，谓语动词用单数。结合句意，故填is highly regarded。
【34题详解】
考查动词。句意：你的意见不会影响我的决定。动词affect为“影响”之意。will not后接动词原形。结合句意，故填affect。
【35题详解】
考查短语。句意：让我换一种说法。教育对进步至关重要。短语put it another way为“换句话说”之意。let sb. do sth.让某人做某事。结合句意，故填put it another way。
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，共20分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
2023 Illustration(插画) Competition
Welcome to enter for the Communication Arts Illustration Competition, most respected and admired in the industry for creativity in illustration. Each winner will receive a professionalized Award of Excellence, a trophy (奖杯) and a certificate. This award is one of the most desired awards. If chosen, winning will place you in the highest position of your industry.
What To Enter With
Any illustration first published or produced from Jan. 2023 to Jan. 2024 is qualified. Entries may originate from any country. Descriptions in English are necessary for the judges to read.
Entries Can Be Submitted (提交) In The Following Formats
Digital Images: RGB images in JPG format with a maximum file size of 2 MB. GIF images may be livelier, but would be turned down, and so would the PNG ones.
Dlustration Competition Categories & Entry Fees
Category Single illustration Series of illustration
Books (covers, jackets, etc.) $40 $80 (limit of 5)
Motions (media for films, videos, etc) $90 $180 (limit of 3)
Student Work $20 (Image) $45 (Video) $40 (limit of 5) $90 (limit of 3)
For more categories, please download the category PDF.
Late Fees
Entries must be registered no later than Jan. 13,2024. Entries registered after that date will be charged a fee of $ 10 each. No entries can be registered after Jan. 27, 2024.
36. What will the winner get
A. A tailor-made award certificate. B. A chance for overseas study.
C. Widely accepted in the industry. D. Prize money from Communication Arts.
37. Which of the following is qualified for the competition
A. An image with 1MB JPG format. B. A motion published within 2 years.
C. A series for jackets of 10 illustrations. D. A student work without English introduction.
38. How much should be charged for a series of four cover illustrations submitted on Jan.25,2024
A. $ 80. B. $ 120. C. $ 110. D. $ 90.
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则2023插画比赛的通告，介绍了参赛要求以及收费等信息。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“If chosen, winning places you in the highest ranks of your profession.(如果被选中，获胜将使你在你的职业中处于最高的地位)”可知，比赛的获奖者可以在本专业处于最高级别，即获胜者会得到在业界的广泛认可。故选C。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Any illustration first published or produced from Jan. 2023 to Jan. 2024 is qualified. Entries may originate from any country. Descriptions in English are necessary for the judges to read.(任何在2023年1月至2024年1月期间首次出版或制作的插图都是合格的。参赛作品可以来自任何国家。英文描述是评委必须阅读的。)”和第三段“Digital Images: RGB images in JPG format with a maximum file size of 2 MB. (数字图像：JPG格式的RGB图像，最大文件大小为2MB。)”和表格“Books (covers, jackets, etc.) $ 80 (limit of 5)(书籍(封面、护套等) $ 80(限5个))”可知，一张1MB JPG格式的图片适合比赛。故选A。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格Books (covers, jackets, interiors, etc.)部分中Series of illustrations（上限5个）收费为80美元”以及最后一段“Entries must be registered no later than Jan. 13,2024. Entries registered after that date will be charged a fee of $ 10 each. (参赛作品必须在2024年1月13日之前注册。在此日期之后报名的作品将被收取10美元的费用)”可知，2024年1月25日提交的四张封面插图需要支付80+4×10=120美元。故选B。
B
Open water swimming
I had only swum in open water a few times, and always in gentle lakes, so I wasn’t prepared for how rough Lake Windermere appeared on a cold day. A swimmer told me the water felt colder than it had been measured, and that the water was a bit rough. But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge.
Most of the people taking part were doing a one-mile race, and 10 races were planned over the weekend. There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginners—which is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race.
I had chosen the third one-mile race of the day. There were over 600 people in my race. We were taken through an acclimatization area, a children’s paddling pool-sized part of the lake where we moved in to feel how cold the water was. “Not too bad” was everyone’s thought! Then we headed out towards the middle of the lake.
We’d been warned that the first 100 metres would be really rough. However, somewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting for the calm; it felt more like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried to focus on my breathing and technique, and just keep going. As I approached the 400m-to-go mark my lower right leg became painful. I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didn’t work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful. I didn’t want to stop, so I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left leg.
Finally I saw the finishing post and I just concentrated on getting there—still one-legged. My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 seconds but that didn’t matter—the atmosphere was fantastic and everyone felt a sense of achievement, whatever their time. I’m hooked, and want to give it another go. I’ve already signed up for my next open-water swim.
39. How did the author feel before the race
A. Scared of the most challenging race.
B. Disappointed by the difficult conditions.
C. Concerned about the other swimmers in the race.
D. Determined to be as tough as the people around her.
40. Why does the author mention the two people in Paragraph 2
A. To stress the importance of the race.
B. To praise the experienced swimmers.
C. To show the wide range of the participants.
D. To introduce the various events of the race.
41. The author suggests in Paragraph 4 that ______.
A. the race would cause breathing problems
B. the race became harder than she had expected
C. it was really necessary to prepare for tough swims
D. it would have been easier if she had taken others’ advice
42. What does the author talk about in the last paragraph
A. Her confidence in her own ability.
B. Her pride in having swum so quickly.
C. Her eagerness to repeat the experience.
D. Her surprise at having managed to finish.
【答案】39. D 40. C 41. B 42. C
【解析】
【分析】本文属于记叙文，描述作者参加一英里的天然水域游泳的经历，最终成功到达终点线。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge.可知，我马上和其他10000名游泳者完成这项挑战，故可知，他们很坚定要完成这项运动，故选D。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginners—which is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race.可知，参赛者包括天然水域游泳的爱好者，也包括初学者，也有很多人完成自己的挑战，这里面就有77岁参加2英里游泳的老人，也有去年参加一英里的男子，故可知，该比赛参与者范围很广，故选C。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didn’t work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful.可知，我想起了那些人提及的克服水中抽筋的技巧，但是没有作用，我感觉整条腿开始紧张疼痛，故可知，这次比赛比她想象的要艰难，故选B。
【42题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段I’m hooked, and want to give it another go. I’ve already signed up for my next open-water swim.可知，我被吸引住了，想要再尝试一次，准备好为下一次游泳比赛报名，故可知，作者为完成比赛而感到兴奋，也喜欢上了这项运动，故选C。
C
Have you ever wondered what happens to all of the old object s launched into space, such as rockets and satellites It’s called space junk, and much of it is still out there now. According to NASA, the definition of space junk is “any man-made object in orbit (轨道) around Earth that no longer serves a useful function”.
One large piece of space junk, an abandoned rocket, hit the dark side of the moon on March 4. The rocket’s origin is not clear, but scientists know that it was massive—weighing about 3 tons. It must have left a large crater (坑), estimated 10 to 20 meters wide, on the moon’s surface. It won’t be visible right away, but scientists are trying to locate it. “We will find the crater, eventually,” Mark Robinson, lead investigator for NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera, told USA TODAY. “Depending on its location, it could take as long as 28 days.”
What’s significant about this space junk crash is that it draws attention to some of the potential dangers of space junk. First, the accumulation of space junk in Earth’s orbit means that satellites and the International Space Station (ISS) are at risk. In 2016, tiny space debris (残骸),smaller than a millimeter, caused a tiny chip in the ISS’ window. Imagine the damage that a larger piece of debris could cause. The European Space Agency website states that objects “up to 1 cm in size could disable an instrument or a critical flight system on a satellite” while objects over 10 cm “could shatter a satellite or spacecraft into pieces”. If this sounds terrifying, that’s because it is. Any collision (碰撞) with larger pieces of debris could be especially dangerous for manned spacecraft.
In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites, space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it can remain for many decades. Some powerful collisions can even send large debris hurtling (猛冲) toward Earth’s surface where it can affect the local environment. Leftover rocket debris can contain toxic materials that are harmful to plant and animal life. Some people in Siberia have even reported serious health problems after rocket debris landed in their regions in 2012, a local doctor told the BBC.
43. Which of the following can be regarded as space junk
A. A disused space station. B. A spacecraft orbiting the moon.
C. A crater on the moon’s surface. D. A satellite working in low Earth orbit.
44. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 2
A. Locating the crater. B. Tracking the rocket.
C. Cleaning up the space junk. D. Finding out the rocket’s origin.
45. What can be inferred about space junk from the last paragraph
A. It’s likely to cause a global environmental crisis.
B. It’s impossible to stop it from entering the atmosphere.
C. It can cause a lasting threat if it remains in the atmosphere.
D. The toxic materials contained in space junk are the biggest risk.
【答案】43. A 44. A 45. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空垃圾对于太空，地球，以及人类会造成的潜在的威胁以及伤害。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“According to NASA, the definition of space junk is “any man-made object in orbit (轨道) around Earth that no longer serves a useful function”. (根据美国国家航空航天局的说法，太空垃圾的定义是“任何在地球轨道上的人造物体，不再具有有用的功能”。)”可知，废弃的空间站属于不再具有有用功能的人造物体，因此是太空垃圾。故选A。
【44题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段““We will find the crater. eventually,” Mark Robinson, lead investigator for NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera, told USA TODAY. “Depending on its location, it could take as long as 28 days.” (“我们最终会找到陨石坑，”美国国家航空航天局月球勘测轨道相机首席研究员马克 罗宾逊告诉《今日美国》。“根据地点的不同，可能需要28天的时间。”)”可知，这里说的it指代上文提到的陨石坑的位置。故选A。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites, space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it can remain for many decades. (除了对航天器和卫星的潜在损害外，太空垃圾还对地球本身构成威胁。撞击会将碎片送入大气层，并在那里停留几十年。)”可知，太空垃圾留在大气层中会造成持续的威胁。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Einstein’s Opinions on Creative Thinking
“The greatest scientists are artists as well,” said Albert Einstein, one of the greatest physicists and an amateur pianist and violinist.
For Einstein, insight did not come from logic or mathematics. ____46____ “All great achievements of science must start from intuitive (直觉的) knowledge. Imagination is more important than knowledge.”
____47____ Surprisingly, it wasn’t the content of an idea, or its subject, that determined whether something was art or science, but how the idea was expressed. If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic, then it is science. If it is communicated and recognized intuitively, then it is art. ____48____ That’s why he said that great scientists were also artists.
____49____ “If I were not a physicist,” he once said, “I would probably be a musician. I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music. I get most joy in life out of music.” Music provided Einstein with a connection between time and space, which both combine spatial (空间的) and structural aspects. “The theory of relativity occurred to me by intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition,” said Einstein. “My parents had me study the violin from the time I was six. ____50____”
A. But how did art differ from science for Einstein
B. Instead, it came from intrusion (直觉) and inspiration.
C. My new discovery is the result of musical insight.
D. There is no doubt that my theory was a great breakthrough then.
E. Einstein himself worked intuitively and expressed himself logically.
F. Einstein also owed his scientific insight and intuition mainly to music.
G. For Einstein, it was the humanities that mainly contributed to his achievements.
【答案】46. B 47. A 48. E 49. F 50. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了爱因斯坦关于创造性思维的观点。
【46题详解】
上文“For Einstein, insight did not come from logic or mathematics. (对爱因斯坦来说，洞察力并非来自逻辑或数学)”并结合后文““All great achievements of science must start from intuitive (直觉的) knowledge. Imagination is more important than knowledge.”(“一切伟大的科学成就都必须从直觉知识开始。想象力比知识更重要。”)”可知，空处顺接前文，说明爱因斯坦认为洞察力应来自于直觉。B项“相反，它来自直觉和灵感。”符合语境。故选B。
【47题详解】
下文“Surprisingly, it wasn’t the content of an idea, or its subject, that determined whether something was art or science, but how the idea was expressed. (令人惊讶的是，决定某件事是艺术还是科学的不是一个想法的内容或主题，而是这个想法是如何表达的)”说明决定某件事是艺术还是科学是根据想法是如何表达的。空处引出了下文关于艺术和科学的区别的论述。A项中“art differ from science”和下文的“whether something was art or science”相呼应，而A项的这个问题“但对爱因斯坦来说，艺术和科学有何不同？”正好引出本段的主题。故选A。
【48题详解】
上文“If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic, then it is science. If it is communicated and recognized intuitively, then it is art.(如果所看到和经历的是用逻辑的语言描述的，那么这就是科学。如果它被直观地传达和识别，那么它就是艺术)”说明艺术和科学的不同。空处顺接上文，和下文形成因果关系。E项中的“worked intuitively and expressed himself logically” 和上文“看到和经历的是用逻辑的语言描述的就是科学，它被直观地传达和识别，那么它就是艺术”相呼应，表明爱因斯坦本人凭直觉工作，用逻辑表达自己，也是下文他被称为伟大的科学家也是艺术家的原因。故选E。
【49题详解】
下文““If I were not a physicist,” he once said, “I would probably be a musician. I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music. I get most joy in life out of music.”(“如果我不是一名物理学家，”他曾说，“我可能会成为一名音乐家。我经常在音乐中思考，我从音乐中看待我的生活。我的生活中最快乐的部分来自音乐。”)”说明音乐对爱因斯坦帮助很大。F项“爱因斯坦的科学洞察力和直觉主要归功于音乐。”适合做本段的主旨句。故选F。
【50题详解】
上文““The theory of relativity occurred to me by intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition,” said Einstein. (爱因斯坦说：“相对论是我凭直觉产生的，音乐是这种直觉背后的驱动力。”)”说明音乐对他的工作产生的积极影响。空处承接上文，说明了爱因斯坦是靠音乐才有了新发现，而且和本段音乐对他的帮助的主题相符合。C项“我的新发现是音乐洞察力的结果。”符合语境。故选C。
第四部分：书面表达（共30分）
51. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim对中国传统文化很感兴趣，近日他看到了伦敦孔子学院（Confucius Institute）的海报，很想去那里学习，写信询问你的意见，请你给Jim回信，内容包括：
1.简要介绍孔子学院；
2.表达你的想法。
注意：1.词100左右。
Dear Jim,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jim,
Learning that you really want to study at the Confucius Institute, I am writing to tell you something about it.
Confucius Institutes are set up all over the world to develop friendships with other countries and popularize the Chinese language and culture. Right now there are already 165 institutes completed and by the end of this year that number will reach 200. The institutes’ services include teaching Chinese online, training Chinese teachers, providing Chinese textbooks, and introducing modern China to the world.
I think it is a good chance for you to learn Chinese cultures in the Confucius Institute. It will also be an unforgettable experience for you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给 Jim回信，近日他看到了伦敦孔子学院的海报，很想去那里学习，写信询问你的意见。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想要做某事：want to do sth.→feel like doing sth.
建立：set up→establish
机会：chance→opportunity
难忘的：unforgettable→memorable
2句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Confucius Institutes are set up all over the world to develop friendships with other countries and popularize the Chinese language and culture.
拓展句：Confucius Institutes are set up all over the world, whose aim is to develop friendships with other countries and popularize the Chinese language and culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Learning that you really want to study at the Confucius Institute, I am writing to tell you something about it. (运用了现在分词作状语，that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Confucius Institutes are set up all over the world to develop friendships with other countries and popularize the Chinese language and culture. (运用了不定式作目的状语)北京市怀柔区青苗学校普高部2023—2024学年第二学期
高二年级期中考试
英语
考生须知
1.本试卷共5页，分为四个部分。第一部分为听力理解题，共20小题（共30分）；第二部分为知识运用题，共35小题（共60分）；第三部分为阅读理解题，共15小题（共30分）；第四部分为书面表达题，共1小题（共30分）；
2.考生务必在试卷与答题卡上认真填写姓名、班级信息；
3.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。作答时必须使用黑色
字迹的签字笔作答；
4.考试结束时，立即停止答卷，监考人员将答题卡收回，考生保留试卷与草稿纸。
第一部分：听力理解（共三节，每小题1.5分，共30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）
听下面5段材料。每段材料后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段材料后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段材料你将听一遍。
1. What will the woman do tomorrow night
A. Have dinner with the man.
B. Work overtime in the office.
C. Join the man for coffee.
2. What is the season now
A. Autumn. B. Spring. C. Summer.
3. Where does the dialogue probably take place
A. At the man’s home. B. At the dining hall. C. At the restaurant.
4. When will the woman probably get to the railway station
A. At 6:30 p.m. B. At 7:00 p.m. C. At 7:30 p.m.
5. What can we learn about the woman
A. She’s got a new job. B. She’s hunting for a job. C. She hired a foreigner.
第二节（共10小题;每小题分1.5，共15分）
听下面4段材料。每段材料后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Why is the man calling
A. To confirm a room. B. To book a room. C. To cancel a room.
7. When might the man check in
A. At 7:00 a.m. B. Before 9:00 a.m. C. After 2:00 p.m.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What is the woman invited to do this Saturday
A. Do some shopping. B. Enjoy some art. C. Have dinner.
9. What does the woman want to know
A. When to come back. B. How to get there. C. What to wear.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the problem with the lockers
A. They are all removed.
B. They are not used properly.
C They are unlocked.
11. What does the man suggest about the clothes-hangers
A. They should be bigger.
B. They should be smaller.
C. They should be stronger.
12. What’s the woman’s reaction to the man’s complaint
A. She will try to improve.
B. She doesn’t know what to do.
C. She will tell her boss about it.
听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。
13. Which of the following is the missing girl
A. B. C.
14. Who is the man
A. A staff member. B. A passerby. C. A policeman.
15. Where is the girl found
A. On the street. B. At the store. C. In the Panda House.
第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）
听下面一段独白，完成第16至第20题五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。
HELPLINE DETAILS
Officer Jessica 16
Address 13 Marshall Road
Telephone Number 17
Opening Hours 9:30 a.m.— 6:00 p.m. on 18 10:00 a.m.— 4:00 p.m. on Saturdays
Others Ring or visit the office for a(n) 19 ； At busy times there may be a(n) 20 list.
第二部分：知识运用（共三节，共60分）
第一节：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A few weeks ago, I received a package containing seeds from my friend. When I asked her what they would ___1___ into, a smile crossed her face. “Just plant them and be patient. You’ll see for yourself ___2___!” she said.
I sowed the seeds in a flowerpot. In the first few days, I was very excited to search for the slightest signs, but ___3___ happened. With heavy loads of homework, I began to feel sad and ___4___. How much I longed for the color in my fast-paced life.
I watered the plants in dry periods. On the eighth day, to my great ___5___, a few light green sprouts (新芽) appeared. Bending down and studying the plants, I could almost hear them growing. More days passed, and the flowerpot soon became ___6___ with coriander (香菜) plants. Now they are taller than the edge of the pot, constantly shaking their leaves in the gentle wind, as if they were merrily singing a song of ___7___.
I am certain that after a few more days, my plants will be ready for___8___. These plants have played an important part in ___9___ up my everyday life. They may not be a main dish on our table, but using some will surely make our dishes delicious.
Let us all slow our pace down and be patient. So long as we take steps to set our hearts free, time and patience will ____10____ us with the pure pleasure of being alive in this lovely world.
1. A. grow B. run C. look D. break
2. A. immediately B. finally C. quickly D. regularly
3. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing
4. A. shocked B. disappointed C. embarrassed D. scared
5. A. surprise B. pity C. shame D. anxiety
6. A. packed B. lined C. crowded D. piled
7. A. courage B. freedom C. interest D. relief
8. A. harvest B. loss C. sights D. rest
9. A. picking B. ending C. brightening D. taking
10. A. impress B. assist C. surround D. reward
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Harry is an American businessman. His job ___11___ (require) him to do a lot of traveling In the past six months he has made nine trips, ___12___ purpose is to attend meetings and make presentations. Harry loves to travel and feels each country has a charm of its own. After graduation, Harry decided to make travel part of his career. He wanted to experience different cultures of other ___13___ (country). He was dreaming of working for an international company. Then his dream came true.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Driving to Palm Springs two years ago, I met a snowstorm. A car suddenly changed the direction ___14___ (avoid) hitting mine and drifted (漂移) towards the side of the cliff. Meanwhile, some drivers ___15___(sit) in different cars rushed out. They ___16___(take) off the chains that had protected their own tyres and put them on that car’s tyres ___17___(rapid). Just as the car was about to be lost off the cliff, those drivers stepped up, letting their kind hearts go beyond the snowstorm.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
New research into EQ and IQ suggests that success is not simply the result of a high IQ. While your IQ tells you ___18___ intelligent you are, your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence. According to Professor Salovey, at work, it is IQ that gets you hired but it is EQ that gets you promoted. It is generally believed ___19___ people with high EQ are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life. They are also less likely to be troubled by problems. Also most social scientists agree that EQ has a lot to do ___20___ education — improving a person’s EQ, especially in terms of “people skills”.
第三节 选词填空题（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
请从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填空，并用其适当形式填空。
be eager to be enthusiastic about breakthrough precious apparent
21. You should always ____________ life so that you can conquer all the difficulties with great passion.
22. A family break allows you to spend ____________ time together.
23. Don’t worry, all the people around ____________ help you get through the difficulty.
24. His ____________ unwillingness would disappear if we paid him enough.
25. Scientists have made a ____________ in their treatment of that disease.
请从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填空，并用其适当形式填空。
stimulate pursue contribute gain knowledge expose oneself to
26. It’s important to ____________ students’ interests in learning.
27. Honesty and hard work___________ to success and happiness.
28. You can’t ___________ without practice. Wisdom comes from experience.
29. We can ___________ an English-speaking environment, which will help us build up a good foundation.
30. Everyone has the freedom to ___________ their dreams.
请从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填空，并用其适当形式填空。
approve of be highly regarded the majority of affect put it another way
31. After the presentation, all people tended to___________the idea put forward by them.
32. ___________ people own a dog for a companionship.
33 His work ___________by other painters.
34. Your opinion will not ___________my decision.
35. Let me___________. Education is essential for progress.
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，共20分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
2023 Illustration(插画) Competition
Welcome to enter for the Communication Arts Illustration Competition, most respected and admired in the industry for creativity in illustration. Each winner will receive a professionalized Award of Excellence, a trophy (奖杯) and a certificate. This award is one of the most desired awards. If chosen, winning will place you in the highest position of your industry.
What To Enter With
Any illustration first published or produced from Jan. 2023 to Jan. 2024 is qualified. Entries may originate from any country. Descriptions in English are necessary for the judges to read.
Entries Can Be Submitted (提交) In The Following Formats
Digital Images: RGB images in JPG format with a maximum file size of 2 MB. GIF images may be livelier, but would be turned down, and so would the PNG ones.
Dlustration Competition Categories & Entry Fees
Category Single illustration Series of illustration
Books (covers jackets, etc.) $40 $80 (limit of 5)
Motions (media for films, videos, etc) $90 $180 (limit of 3)
Student Work $20 (Image) $45 (Video) $40 (limit of 5) $90 (limit of 3)
For more categories, please download the category PDF.
Late Fees
Entries must be registered no later than Jan. 13,2024. Entries registered after that date will be charged a fee of $ 10 each. No entries can be registered after Jan. 27, 2024.
36. What will the winner get
A. A tailor-made award certificate. B. A chance for overseas study.
C. Widely accepted in the industry. D. Prize money from Communication Arts.
37. Which of the following is qualified for the competition
A. An image with 1MB JPG format. B. A motion published within 2 years.
C. A series for jackets of 10 illustrations. D. A student work without English introduction.
38. How much should be charged for a series of four cover illustrations submitted on Jan.252024
A. $ 80. B. $ 120. C. $ 110. D. $ 90.
B
Open water swimming
I had only swum in open water a few times, and always in gentle lakes, so I wasn’t prepared for how rough Lake Windermere appeared on a cold day. A swimmer told me the water felt colder than it had been measured, and that the water was a bit rough. But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge.
Most of the people taking part were doing a one-mile race, and 10 races were planned over the weekend. There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginners—which is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race.
I had chosen the third one-mile race of the day. There were over 600 people in my race. We were taken through an acclimatization area, a children’s paddling pool-sized part of the lake where we moved in to feel how cold the water was. “Not too bad” was everyone’s thought! Then we headed out towards the middle of the lake.
We’d been warned that the first 100 metres would be really rough. However, somewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting for the calm; it felt more like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried to focus on my breathing and technique, and just keep going. As I approached the 400m-to-go mark my lower right leg became painful. I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didn’t work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful. I didn’t want to stop, so I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left leg.
Finally I saw the finishing post, and I just concentrated on getting there—still one-legged. My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 seconds but that didn’t matter—the atmosphere was fantastic and everyone felt a sense of achievement, whatever their time. I’m hooked, and want to give it another go. I’ve already signed up for my next open-water swim.
39. How did the author feel before the race
A. Scared of the most challenging race.
B. Disappointed by the difficult conditions.
C Concerned about the other swimmers in the race.
D. Determined to be as tough as the people around her.
40. Why does the author mention the two people in Paragraph 2
A. To stress the importance of the race.
B. To praise the experienced swimmers.
C. To show the wide range of the participants.
D. To introduce the various events of the race.
41. The author suggests in Paragraph 4 that ______.
A. the race would cause breathing problems
B. the race became harder than she had expected
C. it was really necessary to prepare for tough swims
D. it would have been easier if she had taken others’ advice
42. What does the author talk about in the last paragraph
A. Her confidence in her own ability.
B. Her pride in having swum so quickly.
C. Her eagerness to repeat the experience.
D. Her surprise at having managed to finish.
C
Have you ever wondered what happens to all of the old object s launched into space, such as rockets and satellites It’s called space junk, and much of it is still out there now. According to NASA, the definition of space junk is “any man-made object in orbit (轨道) around Earth that no longer serves a useful function”.
One large piece of space junk, an abandoned rocket, hit the dark side of the moon on March 4. The rocket’s origin is not clear, but scientists know that it was massive—weighing about 3 tons. It must have left a large crater (坑), estimated 10 to 20 meters wide, on the moon’s surface. It won’t be visible right away, but scientists are trying to locate it. “We will find the crater, eventually,” Mark Robinson, lead investigator for NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera, told USA TODAY. “Depending on its location, it could take as long as 28 days.”
What’s significant about this space junk crash is that it draws attention to some of the potential dangers of space junk. First, the accumulation of space junk in Earth’s orbit means that satellites and the International Space Station (ISS) are at risk. In 2016, tiny space debris (残骸),smaller than a millimeter, caused a tiny chip in the ISS’ window. Imagine the damage that a larger piece of debris could cause. The European Space Agency website states that objects “up to 1 cm in size could disable an instrument or a critical flight system on a satellite” while objects over 10 cm “could shatter a satellite or spacecraft into pieces”. If this sounds terrifying, that’s because it is. Any collision (碰撞) with larger pieces of debris could be especially dangerous for manned spacecraft.
In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites, space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it can remain for many decades. Some powerful collisions can even send large debris hurtling (猛冲) toward Earth’s surface where it can affect the local environment. Leftover rocket debris can contain toxic materials that are harmful to plant and animal life. Some people in Siberia have even reported serious health problems after rocket debris landed in their regions in 2012, a local doctor told the BBC.
43. Which of the following can be regarded as space junk
A. A disused space station. B. A spacecraft orbiting the moon.
C. A crater on the moon’s surface. D. A satellite working in low Earth orbit.
44. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 2
A. Locating the crater. B. Tracking the rocket.
C. Cleaning up the space junk. D. Finding out the rocket’s origin.
45. What can be inferred about space junk from the last paragraph
A. It’s likely to cause a global environmental crisis.
B. It’s impossible to stop it from entering the atmosphere.
C. It can cause a lasting threat if it remains in the atmosphere.
D. The toxic materials contained in space junk are the biggest risk.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Einstein’s Opinions on Creative Thinking
“The greatest scientists are artists as well,” said Albert Einstein, one of the greatest physicists and an amateur pianist and violinist.
For Einstein, insight did not come from logic or mathematics. ____46____ “All great achievements of science must start from intuitive (直觉的) knowledge. Imagination is more important than knowledge.”
____47____ Surprisingly, it wasn’t the content of an idea, or its subject, that determined whether something was art or science, but how the idea was expressed. If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic, then it is science. If it is communicated and recognized intuitively, then it is art. ____48____ That’s why he said that great scientists were also artists.
____49____ “If I were not a physicist,” he once said, “I would probably be a musician. I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music. I get most joy in life out of music.” Music provided Einstein with a connection between time and space, which both combine spatial (空间的) and structural aspects. “The theory of relativity occurred to me by intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition,” said Einstein. “My parents had me study the violin from the time I was six. ____50____”
A. But how did art differ from science for Einstein
B. Instead, it came from intrusion (直觉) and inspiration.
C. My new discovery is the result of musical insight.
D. There is no doubt that my theory was a great breakthrough then.
E. Einstein himself worked intuitively and expressed himself logically.
F. Einstein also owed his scientific insight and intuition mainly to music.
G. For Einstein, it was the humanities that mainly contributed to his achievements.
第四部分：书面表达（共30分）
51. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim对中国传统文化很感兴趣，近日他看到了伦敦孔子学院（Confucius Institute）的海报，很想去那里学习，写信询问你的意见，请你给Jim回信，内容包括：
1.简要介绍孔子学院；
2.表达你的想法。
注意：1.词100左右。
Dear Jim,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
