2024年中考英语复习拔高特训：阅读理解之说明文（四川省成都市）
A
a Listening to favorite songs could cut down people’s sense of pain, according to a new study in Frontiers in Pain Research. And the best pain relievers were found to be sad and moving songs, though peaceful and cheerful music can relieve people’s pain in some degree. Playing music for patients can cut down the use of medicine, making them more relaxed. b “When it comes to walking and diabetes (糖尿病) risk, it’s not just how much you do it — it’s also how fast you move”, a new study has pared with easy walking, those who walk at a normal speed have a 15% lower risk. Walking at a “fairly brisk (相对快的)” speed means a 24% lower risk than those who easily walk. And brisk walking has the biggest advantage: a 39% lower risk.
c A recent study shows regular Internet use could cut down the risk of developing dementia (痴呆) in those over 50. The researcher explains, “Going online may help to get much knowledge, which can stop brain aging and cut down the risk of developing d New guidelines from the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) suggest meditating (冥想) for 45 minutes each day to lower blood pressure. The ISH says “body and mind” goals should be connected with certain advice, like cutting down on salt, controlling
dementia.” But using the Internet too much may increase the risk of developing dementia. wine drinking, and exercising often. These things make a difference to dealing with blood pressure.
1．Which kind of music can relieve people’s pain most
A．Sad and moving songs. B．People’s favorite songs. C．Peaceful and cheerful songs.
2．How does Passage b introduce the connection between walking and diabetes
A．By giving reasons. B．By giving examples. C．By making comparisons.
3．What’s the purpose of the researcher’s words in Passage c
A．To tell the reason why going online and better health are connected.
B．To tell the importance of going online as much as possible for old people.
C．To explain the reasons why old people have the risk of developing dementia.
4．Which of the following is not helpful to deal with high blood pressure
A．Drink less wine. B．Eat salty food in daily life. C．Meditate for 45 minutes every day.
5．What’s the theme of the four passages
A．Suggestions for some patients.
B．Achievements in medical field.
C．New findings to deal with some health problems.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了降低四种疾病的患病风险的方式。
1．细节理解题。根据“And the best pain relievers were found to be sad and moving songs, though peaceful and cheerful music can relieve people’s pain in some degree. ”可知，最能减轻人们痛苦的音乐是悲伤动人的歌曲。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“Compared with easy walking, those who walk at a normal speed have a 15% lower risk. ...And brisk walking has the biggest advantage: a 39% lower risk.”可知，文章通过对不同数据结果进行对比来介绍步行和糖尿病之间的关系。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据“Going online may help to get much knowledge, which can stop brain aging and cut down the risk of developing dementia.”可知，研究人员告诉我们为什么上网和更好的健康联系在一起。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据“The ISH says ‘body and mind’ goals should be connected with certain advice, like cutting down on salt, controlling wine drinking, and exercising often.”可知，每日吃咸的食物不能帮助降低血压。故选B。
5．主旨大意题。根据四篇短文都是在介绍如何应对健康问题，降低患病风险，可知选项C“处理一些健康问题的新发现。”符合题意。故选C。
B
Two hundred years ago, American students went to American schools. Like you, they studied math, spelling and geography. Unlike you, they also studied Greek (希腊语) and Latin (拉丁语). In fact, students spent more than half their time studying Greek and Latin.
The same was true for most students in Europe. Until the seventh century, all educated Europeans knew Latin. It did not matter if they lived in England, Italy, France or Spain. If they were educated, they knew Latin.
During the seventh century, educated Europeans began to study Greek as well as Latin. Greek and Latin had been the leading languages of the ancient Greeks and Romans. All educated Europeans were expected to know these languages.
To educated Europeans, the languages of the Greeks and the Romans were important. The ideas of the Greeks and Romans were also important. People knew that many of their own ideas had come from the Greeks and the Romans. To understand their own culture, they must understand its origin (起源). They knew that those beginnings lay in the classical (古典文学的) world.
Today we have so many things to study that few people have time to learn Greek and Latin. Few of you will study either language in school. Yet the ideas of the Greeks and the Romans are still important to us. These ideas still help to shape Western culture today. To understand our own culture, we must understand the culture of the classical world.
6．Two hundred years ago, in American schools ________.
A．students paid little attention to math
B．Greek and Latin were required to study
C．students knew little about geography
7．It was ________ for educated Europeans to study Greek and Latin during the seventh century.
A．popular B．useless C．dangerous
8．According to the text, Europeans thought ________.
A．the origin of their culture was unknown
B．Greek was much more important than Latin
C．the Romans had a great influence on their culture
9．Where does the author of the text probably come from
A．Japan. B．Greece. C．America.
10．In the last paragraph, the author suggests that ________.
A．it’s of great value to learn Greek and Latin
B．the culture of the classical world is useless nowadays
C．Western culture is quite different from Greek and Roman cultures
【答案】6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了希腊人和罗马人的思想仍然很重要，要了解西方文化，就必须要了解古典世界的文化，学习希腊语和拉丁语。
6．细节理解题。根据“Two hundred years ago, American students went to American schools. Like you, they studied math, spelling and geography. Unlike you, they also studied Greek (希腊语) and Latin”可知两百年前，在美国学校，学生需要学习希腊语和拉丁语。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据“Until the seventh century, all educated Europeans knew Latin”可知直到七世纪，所有受过教育的欧洲人都懂拉丁语，所以受过教育的欧洲人学习希腊语和拉丁语是受欢迎的。故选A。
8．推理判断题。根据“People knew that many of their own ideas had come from the Greeks and the Romans. To understand their own culture, they must understand its origin (起源). They knew that those beginnings lay in the classical (古典文学的) world.”可知欧洲人认为他们自己的许多想法都来自希腊人和罗马人，要了解自己的文化，就必须了解它的起源，可推知欧洲人认为罗马人对他们的文化有很大的影响。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据“Two hundred years ago, American students went to American schools.”以及“People knew that many of their own ideas had come from the Greeks and the Romans...Yet the ideas of the Greeks and the Romans are still important to us. These ideas still help to shape Western culture today”可知作者来自西方国家，可推知作者可能来自美国。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据“Yet the ideas of the Greeks and the Romans are still important to us”可知
希腊人和罗马人的思想对我们来说仍然很重要，所以学习希腊语和拉丁语很有用。故选A。
C
We all love food. But how much do you know about the food in your hometown No. 1 Secondary School from Chengdu asked its students to do something different with the food.
Lin Tingyue, 14, traveled with her dad in western Sichuan during 2022 summer holiday. She tasted so many delicious foods along the way. So she drew a food map. There are mutton, beef and bread pieces in soup in Dawu, diced pork in the pot in Hailuogou and more. Her favorite dish is fish hotpot in Ya’an. When she finished eating the fish, she got a gift from the restaurant: a fishbone sword (鱼骨剑) which is believed to be able to drive away bad luck! “After drawing the map, I felt proud of my hometown and its food culture!” Lin said.
Another student, 14-year-old Tang Zihan, made Paocai. He put in carrots, sweet pepper, apples and pears together. Then he boiled them with sugar, salt and wine. Finally, he put all these things into three pots.
People say Paocai can be unhealthy because there is nitrite (亚硝酸盐) in them. So Tang tried three different ways of fermentation (发酵法): using DVS (发酵剂), recycled pickle water (老窖水) and natural fermentation. It turns out that the pot with recycled pickle water is the best! It has the least nitrite in the first days and tastes better than the other two!
Do you have any special experiences with the food in your hometown If you do, why not share with our readers!
11．Why did the school have the activity
A．To ask students to make their own food.
B．To make students interested in school food.
C．To let students learn more about Sichuan food.
12．How did the writer develop the underlined sentence in paragraph 2
A．By telling stories. B．By sharing reasons. C．By giving examples.
13．Which picture might show the amount (数量) of nitrite in the three pots in the first days
A． B． C．
14．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Both Lin and Tang are proud of the food culture in Sichuan.
B．Tang’s story shows that we should make Paocai by ourselves.
C．Lin visited western Sichuan with her family member during summer holiday.
15．Where can we read this passage
A．At the school notice board.
B．In a tourism magazine.
C．In an English textbook.
【答案】11．C 12．C 13．A 14．C 15．B
【导语】本文主语介绍了来自成都第一中学的学生们对家乡美食的探索和创新。
11．细节理解题。根据第一段“We all love food. But how much do you know about the food in your hometown No. 1 Secondary School from Chengdu asked its students to do something different with the food.”可知，学校举办这个活动是为了让学生更了解川菜。故选C。
12．推理判断题。根据“So she drew a food map. There are mutton, beef and bread pieces in soup in Dawu, diced pork in the pot in Hailuogou and more.”可知，作者通过举例来说明“一路上她品尝了很多美味的食物”故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据“So Tang tried three different ways of fermentation (发酵法): using DVS (发酵剂), recycled pickle water (老窖水) and natural fermentation. It turns out that the pot with recycled pickle water is the best! It has the least nitrite in the first days and tastes better than the other two!”可知，老窖水在刚开始的几天里含有最少的亚硝酸盐，而且味道比其他两种都好。选项A符合描述。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据“Lin Tingyue, 14, traveled with her dad in western Sichuan during 2022
summer holiday.”可知，暑假林和家人一起游览了四川。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Do you have any special experiences with the food in your hometown If you do, why not share with our readers!”可推知，我们可以在一本旅游杂志上看到这篇文章。故选B。
D
Every winter, Siberian cranes（白鹤）migrate（迁徙）from northeast Siberia in Russia to Poyang Lake in Jiangxi province, China. About 95 percent of the birds spend the season there. However, climate change has endangered the birds’ habitats（栖息地）.
“In some years, the Poyang Lake experiences floods（洪水）, while in others, it experiences droughts（干旱）. Both of these create food shortages（短缺）in the birds’ habitat.” Qian Fawen, a researcher from the National Bird Banding Center of China, told China Daily.
To help deal with the problem, the local government has built 70 hectares（公项）of lotus roots（莲藕）in Nanchang to provide food during the winter for the cranes. The birds’ population has risen from about 3,000 to more than 5,000 over the past 20 years, according to Qian.
Over the years, China has worked hard to protect migratory birds and wetlands. Known as the “Earth’s Kidneys（肾脏）”, wetlands play a key role in cleaning water, preventing floods, and helping with biodiversity（生物多样性）. The Wetlands Protection Law was introduced on June 1, 2022. It stops building work on important national wetlands and not allow activities such as overgrazing（过度放牧）and giving out wastewater.
Thanks to these efforts, China has reported more birds wintering in the nation’s wetlands. In February, black-faced spoonbills（黑脸琵鹭）, an endangered species, were seen wintering at Dongting Lake after disappearing for five years. Last December, Shanghai Chongming Dongtan Bird National Nature Reserve recorded more than 2,900 tundra swans（小天鹅）up from some 1,000 seen during the winter of 2021.
16．The bird population is rising in Nanchang because ________.
A．climate change doesn’t affect the place
B．the city offers more food for birds
C．extreme weather hasn’t hit the city
17．What is the main role wetlands play
A．Providing habitats for migratory birds.
B．Looking after water and biodiversity.
C．Avoiding overgrazing and water pollution.
18．Paragraph 4 is mainly written to show ________.
A．what China has done to protect migratory birds and wetlands
B．when the Wetlands Protection Law was introduced
C．how China deals with water pollution and overgrazing
19．What do the examples in Paragraph 5 show
A．New bird species come to China for winter.
B．China has completed its wetlands protection.
C．China’s environmental protection is successful.
20．What is the structure of the story
A． B． C．
【答案】16．B 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了西伯利亚鹤每年冬天从俄罗斯的西伯利亚东北部迁徙到中国江西省的鄱阳湖过冬，但气候变化危及了鸟类的栖息地。中国做出了一系列的努力，在中国湿地越冬的鸟类越来越多。
16．细节理解题。根据“To help deal with the problem, the local government has built 70 hectares（公项）of lotus roots（莲藕）in Nanchang to provide food during the winter for the cranes.”可知，南昌的鸟类数量上升的原因是这个城市为鸟类提供了更多的食物。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据“wetlands play a key role in cleaning water, preventing floods, and helping with biodiversity”可知，湿地在清洁水源、防止洪水和促进生物多样性方面发挥着关键作用。故选B。
18．段落大意题。根据“Over the years, China has worked hard to protect migratory birds and wetlands.”以及通读第四段可知，此段主要介绍了为了保护候鸟和湿地，中国做了哪些工作。故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据“Thanks to these efforts, China has reported more birds wintering in the nation’s wetlands.”以及通读第五段可知，在中国湿地越冬的鸟类越来越多，故可推知，中国
所做出的环境保护工作是成功的。故选C。
20．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文第一、二段主要介绍了鸟类栖息地存在的问题；第三段主要介绍了解决问题的办法；第四段主要介绍了保护候鸟和湿地的办法；最后一段在总结全文。选项A所示的结构符合。故选A。
E
Now one company has made a 3D model of a future human with some scientific predictions, and the result is truly scary. Is this what people will look like in 2100
Called “Mindy”, the human of 2100 has a strange back, caused by sitting in front of a computer and craning(伸长) her neck to look at smart phones for hours. “Spending hours looking down at your phone hurts your neck,” said Caleb Backe an expert at Maple Holistics. “As a result, the muscles (肌肉) in your neck grow to support your head.”
________ Her skull has thickened, helping to protect her brain from radiation (辐射) sent out from smartphones. Her brain has also become smaller, for sitting too long.
At the same time, her hand has become claw-like and her elbow is bent to 90 degrees because of long hours spent holding a smartphone.
Mindy’s final physical change is possibly the scariest—she has a second set of eyelids (眼睑). Kasun Ratnayyake from the university of Toledo says this change could stop some of the harmful light getting into our eyes.
The Mindy model seems scary and gives us something to think about. Will you continue sitting before your computer all day long Will you still spend all your free time on your
smartphone Will you make yourself like Mindy
21．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．How Mindy got her name.
B．When Mindy was created.
C．Why Mindy looks different.
22．Which of the following can be put in ________.
A．Mindy’s changes don’t stop there.
B．Mindy tries to get used to the new life.
C．Mindy is expected to change people’s life.
23．Which is the scariest change of Mindy’s looks
A． B． C．
24．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C．
25．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage
A．To introduce an interesting scientific prediction.
B．To describe what the humans will look like in the future.
C．To warn people against using computers and phones too much.
【答案】21．C 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个公司用3D打印出一个未来人类模型，她长相奇特，与现在的人截然不同，以及造成这种变化的原因。
21．段落大意题。根据第二段“Called ‘Mindy’, the human of 2100 has a strange back, caused by sitting in front of a computer and craning her neck to look at smart phones for hours.”可知本段主要讲了明迪为什么看起来不一样。故选C。
22．推理判断题。根据第三段“Her skull has thickened, helping to protect her brain from radiation
sent out from smartphones. Her brain has also become smaller, for sitting too long.”可知这里仍然在讲明迪的不同之处，推断空格处要表达的含义为“明迪的改变还不止于此。”。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据第五段“Mindy’s final physical change is possibly the scariest—she has a second set of eyelids”可知，明迪最可怕的变化是眼睑。故选B。
24．篇章结构题。总览全文，可知第一段引出主题，第二段到第五段介绍了明迪可怕的外貌特征，第六段是总结，结构与C选项一致。故选C。
25．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The Mindy model seems scary and gives us something to think about. Will you continue sitting before your computer all day long Will you still spend all your free time on your smartphone Will you make yourself like Mindy ”可知，本文的目的是警告人们不要过度使用电脑和手机。故选C。
F
A B
Volunteering is good for not only those who receive help, but also the help-givers. For school-aged kids, volunteering helps build social skills and develop self-worth awareness (意识) . Through volunteering, high school students may help themselves get into a good college, and college students can improve themselves for better jobs after graduation. Volunteering truly makes a difference. You should always put volunteering safety in the first place. Join the organized training actively before volunteering each time. It will teach you some professional skills and some ways of dealing with the dangerous situations. And it’s important to buy some insurance (保险) for yourself when necessary. Don’t tell others about your private information. Remember to protect yourself at any time.
C D
There are two kinds of volunteering according to the time you spend on it. If you are a first-time volunteer, short-term work will provide you with the best chance to see if the work is right for you. If you are experienced and have more free time, serving a longer-term volunteer program gives you the chance to develop a higher level of skill. Perhaps, you don’t know how to choose volunteer work. Here are the tips. On the one hand, you will have a more enjoyable volunteering experience if you spend some time thinking about your goals, interests and the reason why you want to volunteer. On the other hand, one chance of volunteering looks great in the advertisement, but it’s quite different in the reality. So it’s a good try to visit different organizations and have a talk with the staff and other volunteers.
26．Match the passages A～D with the topics:
① the reason to volunteer ② the types of volunteering
③ the safety of volunteering ④ the advice on volunteering
A． B． C．
27．What is the advantage for college students to do volunteer work
A．It can give them a happy life.
B．It can help them prepare for a better job.
C．It can develop a higher level of skills.
28．How many ways does the writer mention to make sure your safety when volunteering
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five.
29．Which of the following is the most suitable for a middle school student who is new for volunteer work
A．Helping train dogs for disabled people.
B．Helping build schools for African children.
C．Helping feed homeless animals on weekends.
30．Why does the writer think you’d better visit organizations and talk with staff
A．The staff will buy you insurance.
B．You can get more volunteer work.
C．The advertisement may not be true.
【答案】26．A 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了做志愿者服务的原因、志愿者服务的安全、类型及建议。
26．段落大意题。根据A段中“Volunteering is good for not only those who receive help, but also the help-givers.”可知，A段主要是讲做志愿者的原因，不仅对得到帮助的人有好处，对提供帮助的人也有好处，所以① the reason to volunteer与A段匹配；根据B段中“You should always put volunteering safety in the first place.”可知，B段主要讲要重视志愿者服务的安全，所以③ the safety of volunteering与B匹配；根据C段“There are two kinds of volunteering according to the time you spend on it.”可知，C段主要讲志愿者服务的类型有两种，所以② the types of volunteering与C匹配；根据D段“Perhaps, you don’t know how to choose volunteer work. Here are the tips.”可知，D段主要讲如何选择志愿者工作的一些建议，所以④ the advice on volunteering与D段匹配。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据A段中“college students can improve themselves for better jobs after graduation”可知，大学生做志愿者工作可以帮助他们提升自己，为毕业后找份更好的工作做准备。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据B段中“Join the organized training actively before volunteering each time. It will teach you some professional skills and some ways of dealing with the dangerous situations. And it’s important to buy some insurance (保险) for yourself when necessary. Don’t tell others about your private information. Remember to protect yourself at any time.”可知，作者提到了三个志愿者服务安全建议。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据C段中“If you are a first-time volunteer, short-term work will provide you with the best chance to see if the work is right for you.”可知，第一次做志愿者服务，短时间内可以完成的工作比较合适。故选C
30．细节理解题。根据D段中“On the other hand, one chance of volunteering looks great in the advertisement, but it’s quite different in the reality. So it’s a good try to visit different
organizations and have a talk with the staff and other volunteers.”可知，作者认为最好参观一下组织机构和工作人员谈一谈，是因为广告上的志愿服务可能和现实会有差别。故选C。
G
①Humans use words to talk to each other. But we also use our hands to show what we mean.
②Apes have their own gestures (手势) to show what they mean. Chimpanzees and bonobos are two kinds of apes that are closest to humans. They use about 80 different gestures to show what they mean. Though the two groups of apes use different signs in a few cases, they share over 90% of the same gestures.
③Two researchers wondered whether humans could understand the gestures of apes. They created a game for people to play online. People watched short videos of apes making a gesture. Then they chose the correct meaning of the gesture out of four possible answers.
④The researchers were surprised that people could choose the correct meaning over 50% of the time. For some gestures, people could choose the correct meaning about 80% of the time. One example was the gesture of wiping the mouth, which people correctly guessed meant “give me that food”. And “big loud scratch (抓挠)”means “help pick insects off of me”.
⑤The scientists believe that humans may have a natural ability to understand the gestures of apes. One possibility is that the gestures have been passed down from shared ancestor. Another possibility is that the gestures are a natural result of sharing similar body shapes and communicating similar ideas. It’s also possible that the gestures simply look like the actions they are requesting.
⑥The researchers say that they need to study how humans can understand the gestures of apes. They also wonder how humans understand other animals, like dogs.
31．How many percent of different gestures do chimpanzees and bonobos have
A．90%. B．50%. C．10%.
32．Why did the researchers create a game online
A．To see how many people understand the gestures of apes.
B．To show why people could understand the gestures of apes.
C．To know if people were able to understand the gestures of apes.
33．When apes wipe their mouth, what do they mean
A．They want the food.
B．They’ll cry loudly for scratch.
C．They need help to pick insects off.
34．Which question is answered according to the passage
A．How many gestures of apes could be understood
B．How can humans understand the gestures of other animals
C．Why may humans be able to understand the gestures of apes
35．What’s the structure of this passage
A．①②-③-④⑤-⑥ B．①②-③④-⑤-⑥ C．①-②-③④⑤⑥
【答案】31．C 32．C 33．A 34．C 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了科学家们发现人类能够理解大部分猩猩的手势，但原因尚待继续研究。
31．推理判断题。根据第二段“Though the two groups of apes use different signs in a few cases, they share over 90% of the same gestures.”可知，黑猩猩和倭黑猩猩有90%以上的手势是相同的，那么不同的约是1-90%=10%。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段“Two researchers wondered whether humans could understand the gestures of apes. They created a game for people to play online.”可知，是因为他们想知道人类是否能够理解猿类的手势。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段“One example was the gesture of wiping the mouth, which people correctly guessed meant “give me that food”.”可知，当他们擦嘴时是想要食物。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据第五段“The scientists believe that humans may have a natural ability to understand the gestures of apes. One possibility is that”和“Another possibility is that”，可知讲的是人类为什么能理解猩猩的手势。故选C。
35．篇章结构题。根据“we also use our hands to show what we mean.”可知，第一段说的是人
类交流方式；根据“Apes have their own gestures (手势) to show what they mean.”可知，第二段说的是猿类有自己的手势来表达它们的意思；根据“Two researchers wondered whether humans could understand the gestures of apes.”、“The researchers were surprised that people could choose the correct meaning”、“The scientists believe that humans may have a natural ability to understand the gestures of apes.”和“The researchers say that they need to study how humans can understand the gestures of apes”可知，第三四五六段讲的是研究人员的研究及发现。故选C。
H
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics took place when COVID-19 was still here. To make the event “simple and safe”, Beijing did a lot. Here are some of them.
Air Purifier（净化器）
As COVID-19 virus can go around through the air, clear air is the key to keeping all people in Winter Olympics safe and healthy.
The Winter Olympics used large air purifiers. They can purify viruses and bacteria（细菌） from the air, making sure that there’s clean air all the time.
The purifiers were used at an important meeting on Oct.15, 2021. None of the 3,000 people in the meeting got sick.
Disinfection（消毒）Robot
Many different kinds of robots are used to take human workers’ place at the Beijing Winter Olympics.
A kind of robot is used for disinfection. The 1.4-meter-tall robot has a giraffe—like neck, a fan（风扇）on its head and a big “belly”. It has up to 16 L of disinfectant at a time. The robot sprays a fog of disinfectant through its head fan. This can disinfect an area of 36 square meters in one minute. A robot can cover 1,000 square meters and work for four or five hours.
The robot can also be sent to different places with an app on the smartphone.
Smart “Band—Aid”
To learn the body temperatures of Olympic players and visitors, a wearable thermometer（体温计）was used. The thermometer is in the shape of a bandage. It’s 6cm long and 0.4cm wide. People can wear it on their arms and see their body temperatures in a phone app. This can let workers know their temperatures in real time. It will send a warning if someone’s body temperature goes higher than 37.3°C．
36．How does the writer explain that the air purifiers are useful ________
A．By showing others’ experiences.
B．By giving his opinions.
C．By giving an example.
37．Which of the blanks can be filled with the underlined word “sprays” in the passage ________
A．My grandma _________ some water onto her plants in the garden every morning.
B．The boy always _________ small stones into the river when he takes a walk after dinner.
C．She _________ some ice-cream in the blender every time she makes a banana milk shake.
38．Which of the following can we infer from the passage ________
A．None of the people working for the Winter Olympics got sick.
B．The big belly of the disinfection robot can carry 16 L of disinfectant at a time.
C．A phone is needed if the user wants to know the body temperatures with a wearable thermometer.
39．Which of the following questions is answered in the passage ________
A．How heavy is the wearable thermometer
B．What does the disinfection robot look like
C．How much fresh air can be produced in an hour by the air purifier
40．What’s the best title for the passage ________
A．New inventions at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
B．Safety problems at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
C．Hi-tech products at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
【答案】36．C 37．A 38．C 39．B 40．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了北京冬奥会上的一些先进的科学技术产品。
36．细节理解题。根据“The Winter Olympics used large air purifiers. They can purify viruses and bacteria（细菌） from the air, making sure that there’s clean air all the time. The purifiers were
used at an important meeting on Oct.15, 2021. None of the 3,000 people in the meeting got sick.”可知，作者是通过举例子来解释空气净化器是有用的。故选C。
37．推理判断题。根据“The robot sprays a fog of disinfectant through its head fan.”可知“sprays” 是“喷雾，喷洒”的意思，可知A选项“我奶奶每天早上给花园里的植物浇水”，符合题意。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“To learn the body temperatures of Olympic players and visitors, a wearable thermometer（体温计）was used…People can wear it on their arms and see their body temperatures in a phone app. This can let workers know their temperatures in real time. It will send a warning if someone’s body temperature goes higher than 37.3°C.”可知，如果用户想通过可穿戴体温计了解体温，就需要使用手机。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据“A kind of robot is used for disinfection. The 1.4-meter-tall robot has a giraffe—like neck, a fan（风扇）on its head and a big ‘belly’ ”可知，文章介绍了消毒机器人长什么样子。故选B。
40．标题归纳题。通读全文内容，本文主要介绍了北京冬奥会上的一些先进的科学技术产品。可知，这篇文章最好的标题是：2022年北京冬奥会的高科技产品。故选C。
I
March 22 marks World Water Day. It celebrates water and draws people’s attention on those who are living without enough safe water. You may think that water scarcity mainly has to do with a lack of precipitation (降水), but it is also now a problem in southern China, an area in which it rains often.
In December 2021, people in Shenzhen found that water began to run more slowly from their taps (水龙头). The government said the city was facing its most serious water shortage (短缺) ever.
Some other cities in the southern part of China, like Chengdu and Guangzhou, are also becoming “thirsty”, The Paper pared with northern areas, southern China has more rain and is close to more rivers and lakes. So why are they still short on water
In big cities like Shenzhen and Guangzhou, populations are growing fast. As a result, people and factories need more and more water. Each person in Shenzhen has less than 200 cubic meters (立方米) of water each year, 1/12 of the country’s average (平均水平). According to the United
Nations, it is an “absolute water shortage” (极度缺水) when the number is below 500 cubic meters.
Climate change is making the water problem worse. For example, most cities in Guangdong province depend on the Dongjiang River as their main source of water. In 2021, the river was reported to be drying up.
Because of climate change, there’s also less snow in the mountains of Tibet. The snow has long been the source of water for many parts of China. Those mountains might provide less water in the future.
There are other reasons for water shortages. For example, water pollution makes it harder to get clean drinking water. Factories and farms don’t use water efficiently (有效地). Some cities have enough rainfall, but don’t have big lakes or reservoirs (水库) to keep water so the water goes into the sea.
41．What does the underlined word “scarcity” in the first paragraph mean
A．Solution. B．Pollution. C．Shortage.
42．Why is Shenzhen mentioned in the passage
A．To explain an “absolute water shortage”.
B．To show the influence of an increasing population on water shortage.
C．To compare the water shortage problems in Shenzhen and Guangzhou.
43．What do we know about the water problem southern China is facing
A．It has less clean drinking water than North China.
B．Water pollution is the largest water problem.
C．Less snow in China’s mountains is making the problem worse.
44．Which of the following is NOT a reason for the water shortage mentioned in the last paragraph
A．Water pollution. B．Wasting water. C．Climate change.
45．What is the best title for this article
A．Water Shortage in Shenzhen
B．Southern China Goes “Thirsty”
C．Precipitation Leads to Water Problems
【答案】41．C 42．A 43．C 44．C 45．B
【导语】本文介绍了包括深圳在内，全国各地乃至全世界都面临着水资源短缺的问题，以及
水资源短缺的原因。
41．词义猜测题。根据“mainly has to do with a lack of precipitation (降水),”可知，这里的scarcity应该是“缺乏”的意思。故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据“In December 2021, people in Shenzhen found that water began to run more slowly from their taps (水龙头). The government said the city was facing its most serious water shortage (短缺) ever.”可知，提到深圳是为了解释“绝对缺水”是什么样的。故选A。
43．细节理解题。根据“Because of climate change, there’s also less snow in the mountains of Tibet. The snow has long been the source of water for many parts of China. Those mountains might provide less water in the future.”可知，中国山区的降雪减少使问题更加严重。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据“For example, water pollution makes it harder to get clean drinking water. Factories and farms don’t use water efficiently (有效地). Some cities have enough rainfall, but don’t have big lakes or reservoirs (水库) to keep water so the water goes into the sea.”可知，最后一段提到不能充分利用水、水污染以及没有足够的场所来储存水都是缺水的原因，气候因素是在倒数第二段提到的。故选C。
45．最佳标题。根据“In December 2021, people in Shenzhen found that water began to run more slowly from their taps (水龙头). The government said the city was facing its most serious water shortage (短缺) ever.”及短文内容可知，本文介绍了包括深圳在内，全国各地乃至全世界都面临着水资源短缺的问题，以及水资源短缺的原因。在其中尤其列举了南方城市面临的问题，因此B选项符合题意。故选B。
J
①Every now and then you may see news of satellites sent into space. On Feb 21, for example, US company Space X took 46 satellites into orbit. On Feb 27, China sent 22 satellites into space. Why do we need so many satellites What do they do out there
②At present, there are more than 3,000 satellites moving around the Earth, according to Germany. Satellites are very helpful to humans. They do all kinds of work, from transmitting (传送) TV signals to giving you directions on the road to helping scientists do research.
③For example, the 22 satellites China just sent up are part of the Beidou Navigation Satellite System. Shared bikes that use BeiDou chips can be easier to find. Drones (无人机) can also use BeiDou to fly.
④Before satellites, TV signals didn’t go very far. Mountains or tall buildings would stop them. Phone calls to faraway places were also a problem. With satellites, TV signals and phone calls can be sent directly to a satellite and back down to different places on Earth.
⑤Satellites can also provide information about clouds, oceans, land and ice. They help scientists predict changes in weather. By monitoring (监测) wildfires and volcanoes, satellites help people deal with natural disasters. Farmers can use satellite pictures to decide the best time to water their fields.
⑥Some satellites fly near other planets. They may look for water on Mars or take close-up pictures of Saturn’s rings (土星环). In 2020, Bilibili sent a satellite into space. Its job is to look at other planets and share the pictures and videos with Bilibili’s users.
46．What’s the structure of this passage
A．①②—③④⑤-⑥ B．①—②③—④⑤⑥ C．①—②—③④⑤⑥
47．What does the writer want to express in Paragraph 1
A．China has 22 satellites in space altogether.
B．Humans have sent many satellites into space.
C．There is a serious competition between China and the US.
48．What can the satellites for the Beidou system help
A．Shared bikes last longer.
B．Locate items more accurately.
C．Drones fly farther.
49．How many statements of following are facts
a. TV signals didn’t go very far before satellites.
b. Satellites are very helpful to humans.
c. Satellites help scientists predict changes in weather.
d. Some satellites fly near other planets.
A．One. B．Two. C．Four.
50．Which question is answered according to the passage
A．What can the satellites do for humans
B．What are advantages and disadvantages of satellites
C．Why countries are competing to send satellites into space
【答案】46．C 47．B 48．C 49．C 50．A
【导语】本文介绍了卫星的用途。
46．篇章结构题。根据第一段“Why do we need so many satellites What do they do out there ”可知，第一段以提问的形式提出文章要讲述的话题；根据第二段“They do all kinds of work, from transmitting (传送) TV signals to giving you directions on the road to helping scientists do research.”可知，第二段总体回答了这个问题；第三、四、五、六段分别具体介绍了卫星的用途，如电视信号、大气和海洋信息以及观察其他行星等。综上本文的结构是①—②—③④⑤⑥，故选C。
47．推理判断题。根据第一段“On Feb 21, for example, US company Space X took 46 satellites into orbit. On Feb 27, China sent 22 satellites into space.”美国公司Space X将46颗卫星送入轨道；中国向太空发射了22颗卫星。由此可知，人类已经向太空发射了许多卫星。故选B。
48．细节理解题。根据第三段“Drones (无人机) can also use BeiDou to fly.”可知，无人机也可以利用北斗飞行更远。故选C。
49．细节理解题。根据第二段“Satellites are very helpful to humans.”，第四段“Before satellites, TV signals didn’t go very far.”，第五段“Satellites can also provide information about clouds, oceans, land and ice. They help scientists predict changes in weather.”以及第六段“Some satellites fly near other planets.”可知，四项都是与文意相符的事实。故选C。
50．推理判断题。根据“Why do we need so many satellites What do they do out there ”以及全文可知，本文介绍了卫星的用途，回答了卫星能为人类做什么的问题。故选A。
K
How would you feel if someone decided to take away your park Well that’s what’s happening in my community. There’s a park that some people want to turn into a golf course. Let me tell you why I think it’s a bad idea.
First, a park is meant to be for the whole community. Not everyone likes golf, so not everyone will get to use the park. This isn’t fair. A community park should have open spaces for everyone to use.
Second, to make way for the golf course, lots of playground equipment（设施）will have to be moved or knocked down, which is a waste of time and money. It is also a waste of perfectly good equipment. The swings, for example, will probably just end up as litter.
Third, what about giving young people something to do Not all kids are crazy about golf. At the moment, the park has a skating place and a playground. These attract lots of kids from the community. If you turn the park into a golf course, these kids won’t have anywhere to go and they won’t have anything to do. This means that they will stay at home and turn on a video game rather than get some exercise. It also means that they might be out on the street causing trouble. Wouldn’t it be better to give them something to do at the park
Finally, golf is expensive. Building a golf course and maintaining（维护）it costs a lot of money. Who is going to pay to maintain the golf course What about those people who can’t afford to join a golf club That means that the golf course will only be available to people with lots of money.
Turning our park into a golf course is a bad idea. I suggest we have a community meeting before plans go any further.
51．Some people want to change the park into ________.
A．a golf club B．a golf course C．a skating place
52．What does “It” in bold in paragraph 3 refer to ________.
A．maintaining a golf course
B．opening a community park
C．moving or knocking down playground equipment
53．According to paragraph 4, having nowhere to go will make some children ________.
A．fall in love with golf B．go to get some exercise C．play video games at home
54．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage （P =Paragraph）
A．B．
C．
55．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To make the park more beautiful.
B．To stop the golf course from being built.
C．To encourage children to get more exercise.
【答案】51．B 52．C 53．C 54．A 55．B
【导语】本文从4个方面论述了把社区公园变成高尔夫球场的弊端，想要由此来阻止高尔夫球场的建设。
51．细节理解题。根据“There’s a park that some people want to turn into a golf course”可知，有人想把一个公园转变成为一个高尔夫球场。故选B。
52．词义猜测题。根据“Second, to make way for the golf course, lots of playground equipment will have to be moved or knocked down, which is a waste of time and money”以及“It is also a waste of perfectly good equipment”可知，大量的操场设备将不得不被移动或推倒，也是一种浪费，所以it指代“moving or knocking down playground equipment”。故选C。
53．细节理解题。根据“This means that they will stay at home and turn on a video game rather than get some exercise”可知，这就意味着他们将会待在家里玩电子游戏而不是去锻炼。故选C。
54．文章结构题。第一段引出主题，接着文章二、三、四、五段分别用first首先；second第二；third第三；finally最后，分别列举理由；最后一段总结概括， 属于总——分——总。故选A。
55．主旨大意题。文章主要从四个方面讲解了把社区公园变成高尔夫球场的弊端，从而想阻止高尔夫球场的建造。故选B。
L
Do you remember where you were when you heard the news about the traffic accident of a close friend The answer is probably yes. Do you remember what you were doing on your
birthday that year You may have to think a little harder.
People remember bad memories more easily and in greater detail than good ones. Why is that A new study finds that people do this because of evolutionary (进化的) reasons.
Elizabeth Kensinger and his partners in Boston College, US, did a study looking at this. They found negative feelings like fear and sadness caused an increase in brain activity. This activity happens in the part of the brain that controls memories. So memories caused by negative feelings are kept in greater detail than happy or other kinds of memories.
For example, after seeing a man on a street holding a knife, people remember the knife clearly, but they forget the details of the street.
According to Kensinger, it is easy to understand this in an evolutionary (进化论的) point of view. He said that people paid attention to dangerous information so they could use that information to guide their actions and save their lives. They could also use it to plan for similar events in the future.
The scientists say more studies are needed on how we remember bad memories. This line of research will help solve the problem of stress disorder.
56．Good memories are remembered _______ than bad ones.
A．more in detail B．less often C．more easily
57．People can remember bad memories more easily because of ________.
A．unforgettable feelings B．evolutionary reasons C．similar events
58．When a girl breaks into tears, ________.
A．her brain activity will increase
B．she probably has a stress disorder
C．she can control her memories well
59．What does the writer want to tell us by using the example of a man holding a knife
A．People can learn from bad memories.
B．People can plan for similar events in the future.
C．People pay more attention to dangerous information.
60．What would be a good title for the passage
A．Brain activity controls memories.
B．How we remember bad memories.
C．Bad memories are easier to remember.
【答案】56．B 57．B 58．A 59．C 60．C
【导语】本文通过举例的方式阐述了人们记住不好的记忆比记住好的记忆更容易。一项新的研究发现人们这样做出于进化的原因，科学家们认为这一系列的研究将有助于解决压力紊乱的问题。
56．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“People remember bad memories more easily and in greater detail than good ones.”可知人们记住不好的记忆比记住好的记忆更容易且更详细，即美好的记忆没有不好的记忆那么容易被人记住。故选B。
57．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“A new study finds that people do this because of evolutionary (进化的) reasons.”可知研究发现人们这样做出于进化的原因。故选B。
58．细节理解题。根据第三段中“They found negative feelings like fear and sadness caused an increase in brain activity.”可知研究发现像恐惧和悲伤等负面情绪会增加大脑活动，所以女孩大哭时亦如此。故选A。
59．判断推理题。根据倒数第二段中“He said that people paid attention to dangerous information so they could use that information to guide their actions and save their lives.”可知人们注意危险信息，这样就可以利用这些信息来指导行动以及挽救生命，因此作者以一个人持刀为例是为了让人们注意到危险信息。故选C。
60．最佳标题题。本文通过举例和研究阐述了人们记住不好的记忆比记住好的记忆更容易，所以“不好的记忆更容易记住”可以为合适的标题。故选C。
M
A music talent show made by Mango TV has caught much attention of TV viewers recently. This program, whose name is “Sisters Who Brave Winds and Waves”, invited 30 actresses in their thirtieth. It put them up in an apartment where they competed against each other and five of them would be chosen to form a star group.
While young actresses are commonly considered to be the main roles of the show, “Sisters Who Brave Winds and Waves “turned out to be an outlier. This program not only shows female (女性) stars’ musical talent, but also tries to give out a positive (积极的) message that age shouldn’t stop the female entertainers from chasing (追逐) their dreams.
Attracted by the special theme of this show, many viewers followed the show. The first
episode (集) received 10 million viewers within (之内) the first 20 minutes. Following the success, Mango Excellent Media’s stock (股票) rose by nearly 9% on Friday and another 7% on Monday. The company’s market value has now been more than 100 billion yuan ($14 billion).
The value of the show was not only realized by the market, but also the Chinese viewers. Many netizens made good comments on this show as it encouraged them to explore (探索) their inner talent no matter how old they were. One wrote, “Of course, those young stars are beautiful as they are in their late teens and early 20s. But I feel more impressed by those ladies over the age of 30. They are amazing because of their confidence and ambition (抱负). And that age is just a number.”
Charm and ambition are not limited (被限制于……) of the young age. All ages should be treated equally (平等地) in pursuit (追求) of their career goal.
61．The underlined word “outlier” means:
A．example B．exception C．success
62．After the show was on, how did the entertainment market react
A．Nearly 10 million viewers watched the show within the first hour.
B．The show didn’t have an influence on the company’s market value.
C．The company’s market value has been more than 14 billion dollars.
63．What can we infer from the netizen’s comment
A．She thinks only young actresses are attractive to the audience.
B．She holds the view that only charm (魅力) made the older ladies in the show attractive.
C．She complains about age discrimination (歧视) in the entertainment industry.
64．What does the author want to express in this article
A．He loves this kind of program with many beautiful ladies.
B．He dreams about being an actor.
C．He is against age discrimination.
65．What’s the best title
A．Mango TV
B．Beautiful ladies in “Sisters Who Brave Winds and Waves”
C．What “Sister Who Brave Winds and Waves” brings us
【答案】61．B 62．C 63．C 64．C 65．C
【导语】本文讲述了芒果卫视制作的一个音乐选秀节目《乘风破浪的姐姐》，人们被这个节目的特殊主题所吸引，许多观众都跟着看了这个节目。提倡人们在追求职业目标时，应该平等对待所有年龄段的人。
61．词义猜测题。根据“While young actresses are commonly considered to be the main roles of the show”可知，年轻的女演员通常被认为是该节目的主角，但是《乘风破浪的姐姐》却恰恰相反，此处表示转折，B选项“例外”符合句意。故选B。
62．细节理解题。根据“The first episode (集) received 10 million viewers within (之内) the first 20 minutes. Following the success, Mango Excellent Media’s stock (股票) rose by nearly 9% on Friday and another 7% on Monday. The company’s market value has now been more than 100 billion yuan ($14 billion).”可知，节目播出后，该公司的市值现已超过1000亿元人民币，相当于140亿美元。故选C。
63．推理判断题。根据“But I feel more impressed by those ladies over the age of 30. They are amazing because of their confidence and ambition (抱负). And that age is just a number.”可知，她在抱怨娱乐圈的年龄歧视。故选C。
64．细节理解题。根据“Charm and ambition are not limited (被限制于……) of the young age. All ages should be treated equally (平等地) in pursuit (追求) of their career goal.”可知，作者是反对年龄歧视的。故选C。
65．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述的是《乘风破浪的姐姐》这个节目给人们带来的思考。故选C。2024年中考英语复习拔高特训：阅读理解之说明文（四川省成都市）
A
a Listening to favorite songs could cut down people’s sense of pain, according to a new study in Frontiers in Pain Research. And the best pain relievers were found to be sad and moving songs, though peaceful and cheerful music can relieve people’s pain in some degree. Playing music for patients can cut down the use of medicine, making them more relaxed. b “When it comes to walking and diabetes (糖尿病) risk, it’s not just how much you do it — it’s also how fast you move”, a new study has pared with easy walking, those who walk at a normal speed have a 15% lower risk. Walking at a “fairly brisk (相对快的)” speed means a 24% lower risk than those who easily walk. And brisk walking has the biggest advantage: a 39% lower risk.
c A recent study shows regular Internet use could cut down the risk of developing dementia (痴呆) in those over 50. The researcher explains, “Going online may help to get much knowledge, which can stop brain aging and cut down the risk of developing d New guidelines from the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) suggest meditating (冥想) for 45 minutes each day to lower blood pressure. The ISH says “body and mind” goals should be connected with certain advice, like cutting down on salt, controlling
dementia.” But using the Internet too much may increase the risk of developing dementia. wine drinking, and exercising often. These things make a difference to dealing with blood pressure.
1．Which kind of music can relieve people’s pain most
A．Sad and moving songs. B．People’s favorite songs. C．Peaceful and cheerful songs.
2．How does Passage b introduce the connection between walking and diabetes
A．By giving reasons. B．By giving examples. C．By making comparisons.
3．What’s the purpose of the researcher’s words in Passage c
A．To tell the reason why going online and better health are connected.
B．To tell the importance of going online as much as possible for old people.
C．To explain the reasons why old people have the risk of developing dementia.
4．Which of the following is not helpful to deal with high blood pressure
A．Drink less wine. B．Eat salty food in daily life. C．Meditate for 45 minutes every day.
5．What’s the theme of the four passages
A．Suggestions for some patients.
B．Achievements in medical field.
C．New findings to deal with some health problems.
B
Two hundred years ago, American students went to American schools. Like you, they studied math, spelling and geography. Unlike you, they also studied Greek (希腊语) and Latin (拉丁语). In fact, students spent more than half their time studying Greek and Latin.
The same was true for most students in Europe. Until the seventh century, all educated Europeans knew Latin. It did not matter if they lived in England, Italy, France or Spain. If they were educated, they knew Latin.
During the seventh century, educated Europeans began to study Greek as well as Latin. Greek and Latin had been the leading languages of the ancient Greeks and Romans. All educated Europeans were expected to know these languages.
To educated Europeans, the languages of the Greeks and the Romans were important. The ideas of the Greeks and Romans were also important. People knew that many of their own ideas had come from the Greeks and the Romans. To understand their own culture, they must understand its origin (起源). They knew that those beginnings lay in the classical (古典文学的) world.
Today we have so many things to study that few people have time to learn Greek and Latin. Few of you will study either language in school. Yet the ideas of the Greeks and the Romans are still important to us. These ideas still help to shape Western culture today. To understand our own culture, we must understand the culture of the classical world.
6．Two hundred years ago, in American schools ________.
A．students paid little attention to math
B．Greek and Latin were required to study
C．students knew little about geography
7．It was ________ for educated Europeans to study Greek and Latin during the seventh century.
A．popular B．useless C．dangerous
8．According to the text, Europeans thought ________.
A．the origin of their culture was unknown
B．Greek was much more important than Latin
C．the Romans had a great influence on their culture
9．Where does the author of the text probably come from
A．Japan. B．Greece. C．America.
10．In the last paragraph, the author suggests that ________.
A．it’s of great value to learn Greek and Latin
B．the culture of the classical world is useless nowadays
C．Western culture is quite different from Greek and Roman cultures
C
We all love food. But how much do you know about the food in your hometown No. 1 Secondary School from Chengdu asked its students to do something different with the food.
Lin Tingyue, 14, traveled with her dad in western Sichuan during 2022 summer holiday. She tasted so many delicious foods along the way. So she drew a food map. There are mutton, beef and bread pieces in soup in Dawu, diced pork in the pot in Hailuogou and more. Her favorite dish is fish hotpot in Ya’an. When she finished eating the fish, she got a gift from the restaurant: a fishbone sword (鱼骨剑) which is believed to be able to drive away bad luck! “After drawing the map, I felt proud of my hometown and its food culture!” Lin said.
Another student, 14-year-old Tang Zihan, made Paocai. He put in carrots, sweet pepper, apples and pears together. Then he boiled them with sugar, salt and wine. Finally, he put all these things into three pots.
People say Paocai can be unhealthy because there is nitrite (亚硝酸盐) in them. So Tang tried three different ways of fermentation (发酵法): using DVS (发酵剂), recycled pickle water (老窖水) and natural fermentation. It turns out that the pot with recycled pickle water is the best! It has the least nitrite in the first days and tastes better than the other two!
Do you have any special experiences with the food in your hometown If you do, why not share with our readers!
11．Why did the school have the activity
A．To ask students to make their own food.
B．To make students interested in school food.
C．To let students learn more about Sichuan food.
12．How did the writer develop the underlined sentence in paragraph 2
A．By telling stories. B．By sharing reasons. C．By giving examples.
13．Which picture might show the amount (数量) of nitrite in the three pots in the first days
A． B． C．
14．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Both Lin and Tang are proud of the food culture in Sichuan.
B．Tang’s story shows that we should make Paocai by ourselves.
C．Lin visited western Sichuan with her family member during summer holiday.
15．Where can we read this passage
A．At the school notice board.
B．In a tourism magazine.
C．In an English textbook.
D
Every winter, Siberian cranes（白鹤）migrate（迁徙）from northeast Siberia in Russia to Poyang Lake in Jiangxi province, China. About 95 percent of the birds spend the season there. However, climate change has endangered the birds’ habitats（栖息地）.
“In some years, the Poyang Lake experiences floods（洪水）, while in others, it experiences droughts（干旱）. Both of these create food shortages（短缺）in the birds’ habitat.” Qian Fawen, a researcher from the National Bird Banding Center of China, told China Daily.
To help deal with the problem, the local government has built 70 hectares（公项）of lotus roots（莲藕）in Nanchang to provide food during the winter for the cranes. The birds’ population has risen from about 3,000 to more than 5,000 over the past 20 years, according to Qian.
Over the years, China has worked hard to protect migratory birds and wetlands. Known as the “Earth’s Kidneys（肾脏）”, wetlands play a key role in cleaning water, preventing floods, and helping with biodiversity（生物多样性）. The Wetlands Protection Law was introduced on June 1, 2022. It stops building work on important national wetlands and not allow activities such as overgrazing（过度放牧）and giving out wastewater.
Thanks to these efforts, China has reported more birds wintering in the nation’s wetlands. In
February, black-faced spoonbills（黑脸琵鹭）, an endangered species, were seen wintering at Dongting Lake after disappearing for five years. Last December, Shanghai Chongming Dongtan Bird National Nature Reserve recorded more than 2,900 tundra swans（小天鹅）up from some 1,000 seen during the winter of 2021.
16．The bird population is rising in Nanchang because ________.
A．climate change doesn’t affect the place
B．the city offers more food for birds
C．extreme weather hasn’t hit the city
17．What is the main role wetlands play
A．Providing habitats for migratory birds.
B．Looking after water and biodiversity.
C．Avoiding overgrazing and water pollution.
18．Paragraph 4 is mainly written to show ________.
A．what China has done to protect migratory birds and wetlands
B．when the Wetlands Protection Law was introduced
C．how China deals with water pollution and overgrazing
19．What do the examples in Paragraph 5 show
A．New bird species come to China for winter.
B．China has completed its wetlands protection.
C．China’s environmental protection is successful.
20．What is the structure of the story
A． B． C．
E
Now one company has made a 3D model of a future human with some scientific predictions, and the result is truly scary. Is this what people will look like in 2100
Called “Mindy”, the human of 2100 has a strange back, caused by sitting in front of a computer and craning(伸长) her neck to look at smart phones for hours. “Spending hours looking down at your phone hurts your neck,” said Caleb Backe an expert at Maple Holistics. “As a result, the muscles (肌肉) in your neck grow to support your head.”
________ Her skull has thickened, helping to protect her brain from radiation (辐射) sent out from smartphones. Her brain has also become smaller, for sitting too long.
At the same time, her hand has become claw-like and her elbow is bent to 90 degrees because of long hours spent holding a smartphone.
Mindy’s final physical change is possibly the scariest—she has a second set of eyelids (眼睑). Kasun Ratnayyake from the university of Toledo says this change could stop some of the harmful light getting into our eyes.
The Mindy model seems scary and gives us something to think about. Will you continue sitting before your computer all day long Will you still spend all your free time on your smartphone Will you make yourself like Mindy
21．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．How Mindy got her name.
B．When Mindy was created.
C．Why Mindy looks different.
22．Which of the following can be put in ________.
A．Mindy’s changes don’t stop there.
B．Mindy tries to get used to the new life.
C．Mindy is expected to change people’s life.
23．Which is the scariest change of Mindy’s looks
A． B． C．
24．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C．
25．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage
A．To introduce an interesting scientific prediction.
B．To describe what the humans will look like in the future.
C．To warn people against using computers and phones too much.
F
A B
Volunteering is good for not only those who receive help, but also the help-givers. For school-aged kids, volunteering helps build social skills and develop self-worth awareness (意识) . Through volunteering, high school students may help themselves get into a good college, and college students can improve themselves for better jobs after graduation. Volunteering truly makes a difference. You should always put volunteering safety in the first place. Join the organized training actively before volunteering each time. It will teach you some professional skills and some ways of dealing with the dangerous situations. And it’s important to buy some insurance (保险) for yourself when necessary. Don’t tell others about your private information. Remember to protect yourself at any time.
C D
There are two kinds of volunteering according to the time you spend on it. If you are a first-time volunteer, short-term work will provide you with the best chance to see if the work is right for you. If you are experienced and have more free time, serving a longer-term volunteer program gives you the chance to develop a higher level of skill. Perhaps, you don’t know how to choose volunteer work. Here are the tips. On the one hand, you will have a more enjoyable volunteering experience if you spend some time thinking about your goals, interests and the reason why you want to volunteer. On the other hand, one chance of volunteering looks great in the advertisement, but it’s quite different in the reality. So it’s a good try to visit different organizations and have a talk with the staff and other volunteers.
26．Match the passages A～D with the topics:
① the reason to volunteer ② the types of volunteering
③ the safety of volunteering ④ the advice on volunteering
A． B． C．
27．What is the advantage for college students to do volunteer work
A．It can give them a happy life.
B．It can help them prepare for a better job.
C．It can develop a higher level of skills.
28．How many ways does the writer mention to make sure your safety when volunteering
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five.
29．Which of the following is the most suitable for a middle school student who is new for volunteer work
A．Helping train dogs for disabled people.
B．Helping build schools for African children.
C．Helping feed homeless animals on weekends.
30．Why does the writer think you’d better visit organizations and talk with staff
A．The staff will buy you insurance.
B．You can get more volunteer work.
C．The advertisement may not be true.
G
①Humans use words to talk to each other. But we also use our hands to show what we mean.
②Apes have their own gestures (手势) to show what they mean. Chimpanzees and bonobos are two kinds of apes that are closest to humans. They use about 80 different gestures to show what they mean. Though the two groups of apes use different signs in a few cases, they share over 90% of the same gestures.
③Two researchers wondered whether humans could understand the gestures of apes. They created a game for people to play online. People watched short videos of apes making a gesture. Then they chose the correct meaning of the gesture out of four possible answers.
④The researchers were surprised that people could choose the correct meaning over 50% of the time. For some gestures, people could choose the correct meaning about 80% of the time. One
example was the gesture of wiping the mouth, which people correctly guessed meant “give me that food”. And “big loud scratch (抓挠)”means “help pick insects off of me”.
⑤The scientists believe that humans may have a natural ability to understand the gestures of apes. One possibility is that the gestures have been passed down from shared ancestor. Another possibility is that the gestures are a natural result of sharing similar body shapes and communicating similar ideas. It’s also possible that the gestures simply look like the actions they are requesting.
⑥The researchers say that they need to study how humans can understand the gestures of apes. They also wonder how humans understand other animals, like dogs.
31．How many percent of different gestures do chimpanzees and bonobos have
A．90%. B．50%. C．10%.
32．Why did the researchers create a game online
A．To see how many people understand the gestures of apes.
B．To show why people could understand the gestures of apes.
C．To know if people were able to understand the gestures of apes.
33．When apes wipe their mouth, what do they mean
A．They want the food.
B．They’ll cry loudly for scratch.
C．They need help to pick insects off.
34．Which question is answered according to the passage
A．How many gestures of apes could be understood
B．How can humans understand the gestures of other animals
C．Why may humans be able to understand the gestures of apes
35．What’s the structure of this passage
A．①②-③-④⑤-⑥ B．①②-③④-⑤-⑥ C．①-②-③④⑤⑥
H
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics took place when COVID-19 was still here. To make the event “simple and safe”, Beijing did a lot. Here are some of them.
Air Purifier（净化器）
As COVID-19 virus can go around through the air, clear air is the key to keeping all people in Winter Olympics safe and healthy.
The Winter Olympics used large air purifiers. They can purify viruses and bacteria（细菌） from the air, making sure that there’s clean air all the time.
The purifiers were used at an important meeting on Oct.15, 2021. None of the 3,000 people in the meeting got sick.
Disinfection（消毒）Robot
Many different kinds of robots are used to take human workers’ place at the Beijing Winter Olympics.
A kind of robot is used for disinfection. The 1.4-meter-tall robot has a giraffe—like neck, a fan（风扇）on its head and a big “belly”. It has up to 16 L of disinfectant at a time. The robot sprays a fog of disinfectant through its head fan. This can disinfect an area of 36 square meters in one minute. A robot can cover 1,000 square meters and work for four or five hours.
The robot can also be sent to different places with an app on the smartphone.
Smart “Band—Aid”
To learn the body temperatures of Olympic players and visitors, a wearable thermometer（体温计）was used. The thermometer is in the shape of a bandage. It’s 6cm long and 0.4cm wide. People can wear it on their arms and see their body temperatures in a phone app. This can let workers know their temperatures in real time. It will send a warning if someone’s body temperature goes higher than 37.3°C．
36．How does the writer explain that the air purifiers are useful ________
A．By showing others’ experiences.
B．By giving his opinions.
C．By giving an example.
37．Which of the blanks can be filled with the underlined word “sprays” in the passage ________
A．My grandma _________ some water onto her plants in the garden every morning.
B．The boy always _________ small stones into the river when he takes a walk after dinner.
C．She _________ some ice-cream in the blender every time she makes a banana milk shake.
38．Which of the following can we infer from the passage ________
A．None of the people working for the Winter Olympics got sick.
B．The big belly of the disinfection robot can carry 16 L of disinfectant at a time.
C．A phone is needed if the user wants to know the body temperatures with a wearable thermometer.
39．Which of the following questions is answered in the passage ________
A．How heavy is the wearable thermometer
B．What does the disinfection robot look like
C．How much fresh air can be produced in an hour by the air purifier
40．What’s the best title for the passage ________
A．New inventions at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
B．Safety problems at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
C．Hi-tech products at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
I
March 22 marks World Water Day. It celebrates water and draws people’s attention on those who are living without enough safe water. You may think that water scarcity mainly has to do with a lack of precipitation (降水), but it is also now a problem in southern China, an area in which it rains often.
In December 2021, people in Shenzhen found that water began to run more slowly from their taps (水龙头). The government said the city was facing its most serious water shortage (短缺) ever.
Some other cities in the southern part of China, like Chengdu and Guangzhou, are also becoming “thirsty”, The Paper pared with northern areas, southern China has more rain and is close to more rivers and lakes. So why are they still short on water
In big cities like Shenzhen and Guangzhou, populations are growing fast. As a result, people and factories need more and more water. Each person in Shenzhen has less than 200 cubic meters (立方米) of water each year, 1/12 of the country’s average (平均水平). According to the United Nations, it is an “absolute water shortage” (极度缺水) when the number is below 500 cubic meters.
Climate change is making the water problem worse. For example, most cities in Guangdong province depend on the Dongjiang River as their main source of water. In 2021, the river was reported to be drying up.
Because of climate change, there’s also less snow in the mountains of Tibet. The snow has long been the source of water for many parts of China. Those mountains might provide less water in the future.
There are other reasons for water shortages. For example, water pollution makes it harder to get clean drinking water. Factories and farms don’t use water efficiently (有效地). Some cities have enough rainfall, but don’t have big lakes or reservoirs (水库) to keep water so the water goes into the sea.
41．What does the underlined word “scarcity” in the first paragraph mean
A．Solution. B．Pollution. C．Shortage.
42．Why is Shenzhen mentioned in the passage
A．To explain an “absolute water shortage”.
B．To show the influence of an increasing population on water shortage.
C．To compare the water shortage problems in Shenzhen and Guangzhou.
43．What do we know about the water problem southern China is facing
A．It has less clean drinking water than North China.
B．Water pollution is the largest water problem.
C．Less snow in China’s mountains is making the problem worse.
44．Which of the following is NOT a reason for the water shortage mentioned in the last paragraph
A．Water pollution. B．Wasting water. C．Climate change.
45．What is the best title for this article
A．Water Shortage in Shenzhen
B．Southern China Goes “Thirsty”
C．Precipitation Leads to Water Problems
J
①Every now and then you may see news of satellites sent into space. On Feb 21, for example, US company Space X took 46 satellites into orbit. On Feb 27, China sent 22 satellites into space. Why do we need so many satellites What do they do out there
②At present, there are more than 3,000 satellites moving around the Earth, according to Germany. Satellites are very helpful to humans. They do all kinds of work, from transmitting (传送) TV signals to giving you directions on the road to helping scientists do research.
③For example, the 22 satellites China just sent up are part of the Beidou Navigation Satellite System. Shared bikes that use BeiDou chips can be easier to find. Drones (无人机) can also use BeiDou to fly.
④Before satellites, TV signals didn’t go very far. Mountains or tall buildings would stop them. Phone calls to faraway places were also a problem. With satellites, TV signals and phone calls can be sent directly to a satellite and back down to different places on Earth.
⑤Satellites can also provide information about clouds, oceans, land and ice. They help scientists predict changes in weather. By monitoring (监测) wildfires and volcanoes, satellites help people deal with natural disasters. Farmers can use satellite pictures to decide the best time to water their fields.
⑥Some satellites fly near other planets. They may look for water on Mars or take close-up pictures of Saturn’s rings (土星环). In 2020, Bilibili sent a satellite into space. Its job is to look at other planets and share the pictures and videos with Bilibili’s users.
46．What’s the structure of this passage
A．①②—③④⑤-⑥ B．①—②③—④⑤⑥ C．①—②—③④⑤⑥
47．What does the writer want to express in Paragraph 1
A．China has 22 satellites in space altogether.
B．Humans have sent many satellites into space.
C．There is a serious competition between China and the US.
48．What can the satellites for the Beidou system help
A．Shared bikes last longer.
B．Locate items more accurately.
C．Drones fly farther.
49．How many statements of following are facts
a. TV signals didn’t go very far before satellites.
b. Satellites are very helpful to humans.
c. Satellites help scientists predict changes in weather.
d. Some satellites fly near other planets.
A．One. B．Two. C．Four.
50．Which question is answered according to the passage
A．What can the satellites do for humans
B．What are advantages and disadvantages of satellites
C．Why countries are competing to send satellites into space
K
How would you feel if someone decided to take away your park Well that’s what’s happening in my community. There’s a park that some people want to turn into a golf course. Let me tell you why I think it’s a bad idea.
First, a park is meant to be for the whole community. Not everyone likes golf, so not everyone will get to use the park. This isn’t fair. A community park should have open spaces for everyone to use.
Second, to make way for the golf course, lots of playground equipment（设施）will have to be moved or knocked down, which is a waste of time and money. It is also a waste of perfectly good equipment. The swings, for example, will probably just end up as litter.
Third, what about giving young people something to do Not all kids are crazy about golf. At the moment, the park has a skating place and a playground. These attract lots of kids from the community. If you turn the park into a golf course, these kids won’t have anywhere to go and they won’t have anything to do. This means that they will stay at home and turn on a video game rather than get some exercise. It also means that they might be out on the street causing trouble. Wouldn’t it be better to give them something to do at the park
Finally, golf is expensive. Building a golf course and maintaining（维护）it costs a lot of
money. Who is going to pay to maintain the golf course What about those people who can’t afford to join a golf club That means that the golf course will only be available to people with lots of money.
Turning our park into a golf course is a bad idea. I suggest we have a community meeting before plans go any further.
51．Some people want to change the park into ________.
A．a golf club B．a golf course C．a skating place
52．What does “It” in bold in paragraph 3 refer to ________.
A．maintaining a golf course
B．opening a community park
C．moving or knocking down playground equipment
53．According to paragraph 4, having nowhere to go will make some children ________.
A．fall in love with golf B．go to get some exercise C．play video games at home
54．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage （P =Paragraph）
A．B． C．
55．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To make the park more beautiful.
B．To stop the golf course from being built.
C．To encourage children to get more exercise.
L
Do you remember where you were when you heard the news about the traffic accident of a close friend The answer is probably yes. Do you remember what you were doing on your birthday that year You may have to think a little harder.
People remember bad memories more easily and in greater detail than good ones. Why is that A new study finds that people do this because of evolutionary (进化的) reasons.
Elizabeth Kensinger and his partners in Boston College, US, did a study looking at this. They found negative feelings like fear and sadness caused an increase in brain activity. This activity happens in the part of the brain that controls memories. So memories caused by negative feelings are kept in greater detail than happy or other kinds of memories.
For example, after seeing a man on a street holding a knife, people remember the knife clearly, but they forget the details of the street.
According to Kensinger, it is easy to understand this in an evolutionary (进化论的) point of view. He said that people paid attention to dangerous information so they could use that information to guide their actions and save their lives. They could also use it to plan for similar events in the future.
The scientists say more studies are needed on how we remember bad memories. This line of research will help solve the problem of stress disorder.
56．Good memories are remembered _______ than bad ones.
A．more in detail B．less often C．more easily
57．People can remember bad memories more easily because of ________.
A．unforgettable feelings B．evolutionary reasons C．similar events
58．When a girl breaks into tears, ________.
A．her brain activity will increase
B．she probably has a stress disorder
C．she can control her memories well
59．What does the writer want to tell us by using the example of a man holding a knife
A．People can learn from bad memories.
B．People can plan for similar events in the future.
C．People pay more attention to dangerous information.
60．What would be a good title for the passage
A．Brain activity controls memories.
B．How we remember bad memories.
C．Bad memories are easier to remember.
M
A music talent show made by Mango TV has caught much attention of TV viewers recently. This program, whose name is “Sisters Who Brave Winds and Waves”, invited 30 actresses in their thirtieth. It put them up in an apartment where they competed against each other and five of them would be chosen to form a star group.
While young actresses are commonly considered to be the main roles of the show, “Sisters Who Brave Winds and Waves “turned out to be an outlier. This program not only shows female (女性) stars’ musical talent, but also tries to give out a positive (积极的) message that age shouldn’t stop the female entertainers from chasing (追逐) their dreams.
Attracted by the special theme of this show, many viewers followed the show. The first episode (集) received 10 million viewers within (之内) the first 20 minutes. Following the success, Mango Excellent Media’s stock (股票) rose by nearly 9% on Friday and another 7% on Monday. The company’s market value has now been more than 100 billion yuan ($14 billion).
The value of the show was not only realized by the market, but also the Chinese viewers. Many netizens made good comments on this show as it encouraged them to explore (探索) their inner talent no matter how old they were. One wrote, “Of course, those young stars are beautiful as they are in their late teens and early 20s. But I feel more impressed by those ladies over the age of 30. They are amazing because of their confidence and ambition (抱负). And that age is just a number.”
Charm and ambition are not limited (被限制于……) of the young age. All ages should be treated equally (平等地) in pursuit (追求) of their career goal.
61．The underlined word “outlier” means:
A．example B．exception C．success
62．After the show was on, how did the entertainment market react
A．Nearly 10 million viewers watched the show within the first hour.
B．The show didn’t have an influence on the company’s market value.
C．The company’s market value has been more than 14 billion dollars.
63．What can we infer from the netizen’s comment
A．She thinks only young actresses are attractive to the audience.
B．She holds the view that only charm (魅力) made the older ladies in the show attractive.
C．She complains about age discrimination (歧视) in the entertainment industry.
64．What does the author want to express in this article
A．He loves this kind of program with many beautiful ladies.
B．He dreams about being an actor.
C．He is against age discrimination.
65．What’s the best title
A．Mango TV
B．Beautiful ladies in “Sisters Who Brave Winds and Waves”
C．What “Sister Who Brave Winds and Waves” brings us
