Unit 10 I've had this bike for three years.Section A 预习指导（知识点+练习题）（含答案）2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级下册

八年级英语下册
Unit 10 Section A预习指导
一、知识点
1.for或since引导的时间状语（从句）区别：
（1）for+ 时间段
Eg: I have lived here for about ten years.
我已经住在这大约十年了。
（2）since + 时间点
Eg: We have been very busy since 5 years ago.
我们从五年前就一直很忙。
（3）since + 从句(一般过去时)
Eg: I have learnt English since I was 5 years old.
我从五岁学英语。
用how long提问，此时谓语动词必须用延续性动词。
Eg: -- How long have you been like this
你这样多久了？
-- For two days. 两天了。
2.Over there 在那边
Eg: There is a man over there.
那有一个人。
3.Learn (动词) “学习” -- learner (名词) “学习者”
learn to do sth.学习做某事
Learn ...by oneself 自学...
Eg: My mother learned to speak English at the age of 30.
我妈妈30岁学说英语。
He learned English by himself.
他自学英语。
4.Ride a bike 骑自行车
5.At the yard sale 在庭院销售上
Have a yard sale 举行庭院销售
6.Sale (名词) “销售；出售；销售额” -- sell (动词) “卖”
常见搭配：for sale 代售
On sale 打折出售
Eg: The car is on sale now.
这辆车正在打折出售。
7.It’s + 形容词 (for/of sb.) to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是...
如果形容词指人的品格类词则用of，其余用for
Eg: It’s important for us to learn English.
对我们来说学英语很重要。
It’s kind of you to help me.
对于你来说帮我太善良了。
8.Keep (动词) “保管；存放；保持某种状态；保守；遵守；继续”
常见搭配：keep doing sth. 一直做某事
Keep + 形容词 保持某种状态
Keep one’s words 说话算话
Eg: You should keep studying hard.
你应该一直努力学习。
You should do some exercise to keep healthy.
你应该做运动保持健康。
9.Bring back ... 再用一次；恢复；使想起
Eg: bring back sweet memories
想起美好的回忆
10.Memory (名词) “记忆；回忆”-- 复数形式为memories
派生词：memorize (动词) “记住”
Eg: There are lots of sweet memories all my life.
我的一生中有许多甜蜜的记忆。
11.Give away 分发；放弃；泄露
give常见搭配：
Give back 归还；恢复；发射（声、光等）
Give in 投降；屈服
Give off 发出（蒸汽、光等）
Give out 发出（气味、热等）
Give up 放弃
Eg: Please give these things away.
请把这些东西分发出去。
Give (动词) “给” Give sth.to sb.= give sb.sth. 给某人某物
Eg: Give the book to me.
= Give me the book. 给某人某物。
12.People in need 有需要的人
此处in need为介词短语作后置定语，need在此处为名词
Need (实义动词) “需要”
常见搭配：need to do sth. “需要做某事” （表主动）
Need doing sth. “需要做某事” （表被动）
Eg: She needs to finish her work in two hours.
她需要两小时后完成工作。
The tree needs watering.
这棵树需要浇水。
Need (情态动词) “需要”
need do sth. 需要做某事
Eg: She need finish her work in two hours.
她需要两个小时后完成工作。
13.Three times 三次
Time (不可数名词) “时间” (可数名词) “次数”
Eg: many times 许多次
Can you tell me what time it is now
你能告诉我现在几点了吗？
14.Not...anymore = no more
= not...any longer = no longer 不再
Eg: She didn’t live in Beijing anymore.
= She no more live in Beijing.
= She didn’t live in Beijing any longer.
= She no longer live in Beijing.
她不再住在北京。
15.How much 可以用来询问不可数名词的数量，也可以用来询问价钱
How many 可以用来询问可数名词的数量
Eg: -- How much water is there in the bottle
-- None.
-- 瓶子里有多少水？-- 没有。
-- How much is the dress
-- It’s 100 yuan.
-- 这件连衣裙多少钱？-- 100元。
-- How many books are there in your room
你房间里有多少书？
-- About three hundred.
大约300本。
16.Favorite (名词) “最喜欢的人/事物” (形容词) “最喜欢的”
常见搭配：one’s favourite + 名词 “某人最喜欢的...”
Eg: This is my favourite book.
这是我最喜欢的书。
The band played all my old favorites.
乐队演奏了所有我最喜欢的老曲子。
17.Welcome (back) to ... 欢迎(回)来到...
Give sb.a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人
Eg: Welcome to Beijing. 欢迎来到北京。
They gave us a warm welcome.
他们给我们热烈的欢迎。
18.A couple of ... “一些；几个...”
Couple (名词) “一对；一双”或“几个”
常见搭配：a couple of ... “一对；一双”，后面跟可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；而a couple常指“一对夫妻”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。
Eg: A couple of books are written by Lu Xun.
这两本书是由鲁迅写的。
This couple is celebrating their golden wedding.
这对夫妻正在庆祝他们的金婚。
19.A bit + 形容词 “有点...”
A bit of + 不可数名词 “有点..”
Eg: The movie is a bit interesting.
这部电影有点有趣。
There is a bit of milk in the cup.
杯子里有一点牛奶。
20.Love to do/doing sth. 爱做某事
Eg: Many children here love reading.
这的许多孩子爱阅读。
21.Check out 查看；结账离开
Check in 登记入住
Eg: Good morning, I want to check in at 5:00 pm.
早上好，我想在下午5点登记入住。
22.Soft toy 毛绒玩具
Board game 棋盘游戏
23.One last thing 最后一件物品
24.For a long time 很长时间
25.Grow up 长大
Eg:I want to be a scientist when I grow up.
我长大后想成为一名科学家。
26.Junior high school 中学
Primary school 小学
Eg: My son is in Junior high school now.
我儿子现在在上初中。
27.Seem (动词) “似乎；好像；看来”
常见搭配：seem (to be) + 名词/形容词 “似乎...”
Seem to do sth. “好像做某事”
It seems that 从句 “看起来好像...”
Eg: It seems that there is heavy rain tomorrow.
似乎明天有大雨。
28.Clear out 把...清除
Eg: We have already cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms.
我们已经把许多东西从我们的卧室清除了。
29.Decide (动词) “决定” -- decision (名词) “决定”
常见搭配：decide to do sth. 决定做某事和
Make a decision 做决定
Eg: My mum decided to make a cake for me.
我妈妈决定给我做个蛋糕。
30.At first 首先
其同义词组为：First of all 首先
Eg: My son was quite sad at first.
我儿子起初十分悲伤。
31.Play with sb. 和某人玩
Play with sth. 玩耍某物
Eg: Don’t play with matches.
不要玩火柴。
32.For example“例如”一般用于列举一类人或事中的一个例子
Such as “例如”一般列举同一类人/事中的几个例子，但必须少于前面所提总数，只能在所列举词前
Eg: I know several languages, such as English and Chinese.
我知道几种语言，例如英语和汉语。
I like fruit, for example, I often eat bananas in the evening.
我喜欢水果，例如，我经常晚上吃香蕉。
33.Own (动词) “拥有” (形容词) “自己的”
of one’s own 属于某人自己的
On one’s own 独自的
Eg: She has a mind of her own.
他颇有主见。
I own a expensive car.
我拥有一个昂贵的小车。
I must do the task on my own.
我必须独自做这个任务。
34.One’s + 序数词 + birthday 某人...岁生日
Eg: my tenth birthday 我十岁生日
35.until表示动作或状态的持续，直到另一个动作或状态出现为止
Not...until表示直到某个特定的时间点，某件事才会发生，否则不会发生。
Eg: She finished her homework until 11:00 pm.
她知道半夜11点才完成她的作业。
She didn’t go to bed until her mother came back.
知道她妈妈回来她才去睡觉。
36.Either, too, also和as well区别：
Either “也” 用于否定句句尾
Too “也” 用于肯定句句尾
Also “也” 位于be动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前
As well “也” 位于句尾
Eg: I don’t like bananas either.
我也不喜欢香蕉。
37.Part with ... 放弃；支出
Eg: She also felt sad to part with certain toys.
她也感到很伤心放弃一些玩具。
38.Be certain to do sth. 肯定做某事
Be certain of doing sth. 有把握做某事
Eg: She is certain to pass the exam.
她肯定能通过考试。
She is certain of passing the exam.
她有把握通过考试。
39.As for ... 至于...
Eg: As for me, I didn’t want to give up my football.
至于我，我不想放弃我的足球。
40.Give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
Eg: Don’t give up chasing your dream.
不要放弃追逐你的梦想。
41.To be honest 说实话/实话实说
42.For a while 一会
43.Do with ... “处理”（侧重于对象），常与what连用
Deal with ... “处理”（侧重方法），常与how连用
Eg: What are you going to do with this vase
你打算怎么处理这个花瓶？
How do you deal with this problem
你怎么处理这个问题？
二、练习题
一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词
1.To be h_______, he is a good boy all the time.
2.Please _________ (清理) these things out at once.
3.They don’t o______ this land in perpetuity (永久性).
4.I bought this ________ (围巾) last week.
5.When is the c________ out time here
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.We have lots of sweet __________ (memory) here.
2.She must be certain _______ (be) the best in her class.
3.The book is interesting, I have read it four ________ (time).
4.You should keep _______ (study) hard all the time.
5.We must make a ________ (decide) at first.
三、单项选择
( )1.-- How long ______ your brother ______ this camera
-- For two weeks.
A.have; bought
B.have; had
C.has; had
D.has; bought
( )2.Although this shoes are worn (破损), I don’t want to _______ it.
A.pay for
B.care for
C.agree with
D.part with
( )3.-- ______ have you been here
-- For ten years.
A.How long
B.How often
C.How soon
D.How much
( )4.She is _______ honest boy.You can believe what he said.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
( )5.He is ______ young ________.He is 20 years old now.
A.not; any long
B.not; any more
C.no; longer
D.no; more
( )6.I have learned English _______ I was five years old.
A.at
B.for
C.since
D.till
( )7.She ______ the book _____ two days ago.
A.has borrowed; since
B.has kept; since
C.kept; for
D.borrowed; for
四、翻译句子
1.请不要放弃追逐你的梦想。
Please don’t ______ ______ chasing your dream.
2.你打算怎么处理这些书？
What are you going to ______ ______ these books
3.去躺一会儿吧。
Go and lie down ______ _____ _______.
4.你长大后想成为什么？
What are you going to be when you ______ _______.
5.这部电影有点无聊。
This movie is ______ ______ boring.
五、补全对话
A: Tomorrow is Saturday.What do you plan to do
B: I’ve planned to climb Mount Tai with my parents.But Mother hurt herself yesterday.
A: 1.______
B: Sounds like a good idea.I have some old clothes and I haven’t worn them for a long time.2.______
A: Let’s go to my grandparents’ house.The yard is very big.
B: 3.______
A: I have lost of storybooks.4.______ I haven’t read them for a long time.I also have some old toys.I will no longer play with them.
B: Yeah, I see.You have already grown up.5.______
A: What about nine in the morning
B: OK.Let’s make it.See you tomorrow morning.
A: See you then.
A.What are you going to sell
B.I like them very much, but I have read them many times.
C.Shall we have it in your grandparents’ yard
D.Let’s have a yard sale.
E.But where shall we have it
F.When will we have it
G.Would you like to ask them to join us
【答案】
一、1.honest 2.clear 3.own 4.scarf 5.check
二、1.memories 2.to be 3.times 4.studying 5.decision
三、1 -- 7 CDABBCB
四、1.give up 2.do with
1.For a while 4.grow up 5.a bit
五、1 -- 5 DEABF