2024年中考英语祈使句简单学&专项练习讲义（无答案）

中考英语祈使句简单学&专项练习2份
【知识讲解】
一、定义
用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫祈使句。
祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。
祈使句的动词都为原形，句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束，读时用降调。
如：
Go and wash your hands. 去洗你的手。 (表命令)
Be quiet, please. 请安静。 (表请求)
Be kind to our sisters. 对姐妹们要和善。 (表劝告)
Look out！Danger！ 小心！危险！ (表警告)
No parking. 禁止停车。 (表禁止)
二、祈使句结构
● 肯定结构 1> 动原+其他（简称为 Do 型）
如：
Write down your name，please. 请写下你的名字。
Open the window. 开一下窗户。
2>Be + 其他（简称为 Be 型）
如： Be a good boy！ 要做一个好孩子！
Be quick！ 快一点！
3>Let+宾语+动原+其他（简称为 Let 型）
如：
Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
Let us go to the garden. 让我们去花园吧。
● 否定结构
1>Do 型，以 Don't+动原+其他 构成
如： Open the window.
变否：Don't open the window.
2>Be 型，以 Don't+be+其他 构成
如：Be quick！ 变否：Don't be quick！
3>Let 型，否定结构有两种
◆ Don't+let+宾语+动原+其他
如： Don't let her go out. 不要让她出去。
◆ Let+宾语+not+动原+其他 如： Let her not go out. 不要让她出去。
4>No 型，以 No+动词 ing/名词 构成 用于表示禁止的祈使句
如： No smoking! 禁止吸烟！
No fishing! 禁止钓鱼！
No photos! 禁止拍照！
三、注意
★1>用客气的语气表示祈使句时，可在句首或句尾加上 please， 但如果在 句尾加 please，那在 please 之前一定要加一个逗号“，”。
如：
请开一下门。 Please open the door. Open the door, please.
★2>有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词原形之前加 Do。
如： Do come in！ 快进来！
Do study hard. 一定要努力学习。
【专项练习】1
一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.It’s an important meeting. ____________ (not be ) late.
2.____________ (not make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.
3.____________ (not speak) with your mouth full of food and ________ (be) polite.
4.____________ ( not talk) and ____________ (read) aloud.
5.____________ (not leave) your homework for tomorrow, Lucy.
6.____________ (look) out! A car is coming.
7.____________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.
8.____________ (not let) the baby cry.
9.Open the window and ____________ (close) the door.
10.Let’s ____________ (not say) anything about it.
二、选择填空。
( )1. Her doctor said, “________ work so hard.”
A.Stop B. Don’t C. Can’t D. No
( )2. Jack, ________ to be here at 8 o’clock.
A.is sure B. is sure that C. will be sure D. be sure
( )3. When you cross the road. ________.
A.Do care B. Care C. Be careful D. To be careful
( )4. ________him the secret.
A.Don’t tell B. Not to tell C. Not telling D. No telling
( )5. ________ look outside. Look at the blackboard.
A.Not B. Don’t C. Aren’t D. Can’t
( )6. When you watch a film, please ________.
A.quiet B. be quiet C. be quietly D. quietly
( )7. ________ in bed. It’s bad for your eyes.
A.Not to read B. Don’t read C. Don’t to read D. Not read
( )8. ________ your child. We’ll look after him.
A.Not to worry about B. Don’t worry about C. Not worry for D. Don’t worry with
( )9. ______ go to the bookshop.
A.Let’s B. Don’t let they C. Let we D. No let me
( )10. _____ in the street. It’s dangerous.
A.Not play B.Not to play C.Don’t play D. Don’t to play
三、将下列汉语翻译成英语。
1.保持安静！
___________________!
2.让我们一起去学校吧！
___________________!
3.禁止游泳！
___________________!
4.不要忘记我。
___________________.
5.不要让猫进来。
___________________.
四、根据要求改写句子。
1.Don’t come here early tomorrow. (改成肯定句)
_______ here early tomorrow.
2.Please sit next to Nancy. (改成否定句)
_______ _______ next to Nancy.
3.Come to my house tomorrow. (改成否定句)
_______ _______ to my house tomorrow.
4.Wear your glasses! （改为否定句）
_______ _______ your glasses!
5.Don’t wash your hands! (改成肯定句)
_______ your hands!
【专项练习】2
一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. (make) your bed right now.
2. Please (not be) late.
3. (not talk) in class.
4. No (swim)!
5.“Please be quiet. No (talk) says our teacher.
6. Lily, (taste) the fruit salad please.
二、单项选择。
1. Boys and girls, learning an have fun!
A. Keep B. to keep C. keeping D. kept
2.- Sam, run in the hallways. It's very dangerous. - Sorry,Ms. Black.
A. do B. don't C.not D. doesn't
3. Tom, talk loudly in the library. It's impolite.
A. Do B. don't C. must D. mustn't
4. Do you want to be healthy - .
Smiling can help you stay healthy.
A. Smile B. Smiling C. To smile D. Smiled.
5. dressed now. We have to go in ten minutes. - OK,Mom.
A. Getting B. Get C.To get D. Gets
6.- silent, please! You are in the library. - I'm sorry, madam.
A. Keep B. To keep C.Keeping D. Kept
三、根据提示将下列句子译成英语。
1.上课不要迟到。(arrive/be late for)
2.孩子们,到这儿来。(come)
3.在教室里要保持安静。(be/keep quiet)
4.晚饭后不要看电视。要做作业。(do one's homework)
四、句型转换。
1. You must eat in the dining hall.(改为祈使句)
- the dining hall.
2. You can't listen to music in the classroom.(改为祈使句)
- to music in the class-room.
3. Don't come to my house tomorrow.(改为肯定句)
- my house tomorrow.
4. Wear glasses.(改为否定句)
- glasses.
重难点1、must/have to的用法
1.- All of us follow the traffic rules when going out.
-Exactly! Safety comes first.
A. might B. must C.may D. could
2.- Mike, I can't stop playing computer games.
- For your eyes, my dear friend, I'm afraid you .
A. could B.may C. would D. have to
3.-Must we wear the school clothes tomorrow,Mr. Wang
- No,you .Only on Mondays. Tomorrow is Tuesday.
A. mustn't B. needn't C.can't
4.我们周一必须穿校服。
We wear school uniforms on Mondays.