【精品解析】备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练—人与自我 主题04 职业梦想

备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练—人与自我 主题04 职业梦想
一、阅读理解
（2024·万山模拟）阅读下面三个语篇, 从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
Evans Wadongo was from a poor village of Africa. He had to do homework by the light of a kerosene lamp (煤油灯). Evans' eyes hurt and this made studying difficult.
However Evans was excellent enough to enter a university. But he continued to worry about the kerosene lamp. He realized it was not just bad for school children but for the whole family. First, it can cause illnesses such as coughs. Also, the light can hurt people's eyes. Besides, it can lead to fires. Lastly, kerosene is expensive, so families have less money for food. It was difficult to come up with a different kind of lamp that was cheap and good for the environment. Yet Evans did not give up.
One day, he had an idea. He could use a small solar (太阳能) light. Sunlight is free and solar power is clean. Evans built his first solar lamp, and it worked. He began to build more lamps and sent them to local families. An organization heard about this and provided money for him to build more solar lamps.
Each lamp only cost $20. However, this was a lot of money to many villagers, so Evans made sure he kept the cost down. He used recycled materials and ask volunteers to build the lamps. Finally, people from many countries gave away money to his team, so the lamps were usually free.
The solar lamps made a big difference to thousands of people. Julia a mother of three, said, "Thanks to Evans, my children have light to read, and I have my own light to cook."
1．The underlined word "this" in Paragraph 1 refers to ____.
A．living in a poor village
B．entering a university
C．having eye problems
2．Which of the following is the correct order of the story
a. Evans went to a university.
b. Thousands of people had safe light.
c. His first solar lamp was invented.
d. Kerosene lamps hurt Evans' eyes.
e. Recycled materials were used in the lamps.
f. People from many countries gave away money.
A．d—a—c—e—f—b B．b—f—d—a—e—c C．a—d—f—e—c—b
3．The purpose of giving Julia's example in Paragraph 5 is ____.
A．to express Julia's thanks to the government
B．to show Evans' influence
C．to describe Evans' feelings
4．The best title of the passage would be ____.
A．Evans—A Poor but Talented Boy
B．Evans and His Great Invention
C．The Use of a Small Solar Light
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．B
4．B
【知识点】记叙文；对社会有突出贡献的人物事迹；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了埃文斯发明并制作太阳能灯的过程。
【点评】考查阅读理解，注意关注文章结构：阅读文章时，要关注文章的结构和脉络，了解文章的段落和主题，有助于理解文章内容和回答问题。
1．词义猜测题。根据"Evans' eyes hurt and this made studying difficult."可知，埃文斯的眼睛疼，这使学习很困难。this指代的是眼睛问题。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段"Evans' eyes hurt and this made studying difficult."（埃文斯的眼睛受伤，这使他学习困难。）、第二段"However, Evans was excellent enough to enter a university."（然而，埃文斯非常优秀，足以进入一所大学。）、第三段"Evans built his first solar lamp, and it worked."（埃文斯制造了他的第一盏太阳能灯，并且成功了。）、第四段"However, this was a lot of money to many villagers, so Evans made sure he kept the cost down. He used recycled materials and ask volunteers to build the lamps."（然而，这对许多村民来说是一大笔钱，所以埃文斯确保他保持低成本。他使用回收材料，并请志愿者来制作这些灯。）、"Finally, people from many countries gave away money to his team, so the lamps were usually free."（最后，来自许多国家的人们捐钱给他的团队，所以灯通常是免费的。）以及最后一段"The solar lamps made a big difference to thousands of people."（太阳能灯给成千上万的人带来了巨大的变化。）可知，事件的正确顺序为d—a—c—e—f—b。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据"Thanks to Evans, my children have light to read, and I have my own light to cook."可知，作者在第5段给出了朱莉娅的例子是为了说明埃文斯发明太阳能灯带来的影响。故选B。
4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了埃文斯发明太阳能灯的故事，所以标题应为"埃文斯和他的伟大发明"。故选B。
（2024·封开模拟） 阅读理解
Marco Polo was one of the world's most famous explorers (探险家) . He was born in Venice, Italy in 1254. When he was 17 years old, he went on a trip to Asia that lasted 24 years. Marco Polo's travel later influenced many people.
In 1271, Marco Polo left Venice with his father and uncle and set out for Asia. The purpose of their trip was to meet with Kublai Khan who ruled a large part of Asia. On their way to meet the king at his palace in China, they traveled trough much of the Middle East and Central Asia. In 1275, they finally arrived at the palace of Kublai Khan. Kublai Khan grew to like Marco Polo very much. In fact, he liked him so much that he wanted Marco Polo to work for him. So, the king sent Marco Polo to different places in China, India and Burma. Marco Polo stayed in China with Kublai Khan for 17 years. Over that time, he collected many jewels and lots of gold
Marco Polo returned to Venice with his father and uncle in 1295. People often went to Marco Polo's home to hear stories about his travels. He became a great storyteller. Marco Polo was known as "the man with a million stories". He later met a writer who was crazy about his stories. The writer liked them____so much that he wrote a book about Marco Polo's travels
The book about Marco Polo's travels taught Europeans about places in Asia they knew little about. The book also taught people about the geography of Asia. Some of these people were explorers who used the information in Marco Polo's book on their own journeys. The best known of these explorers was Christopher Columbus.
5．When was Marco Polo set out for Asia
A．In 1254. B．When he was 24.
C．In 1295. D．When he was 17.
6．How long did it take Marco Polo to go to China from Venice
A．4 years. B．7 years. C．14 years D．17 years.
7．What did Marco Polo do during the years in China
A．He worked for Kublai Khan
B．He wrote a lot about China.
C．He collected many books about China.
D．He made friends with Chinese explorers.
8．What is the underline word "them"refers to
A．Marco Polo's travels.
B．Marco Polo's stories.
C．Marco Polo's father and uncle.
D．Marco Polo's jewels and gold.
9．What is the passage mainly developed by
A．Providing examples. B．Showing differences.
C．Describing a process. D．Following the time order.
【答案】5．D
6．A
7．A
8．B
9．D
【知识点】记叙文；对社会有突出贡献的人物事迹；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了马可·波罗的旅行经历，他的经历和书也影响了很多人。
【点评】考查阅读理解，注意留意文章细节：阅读文章时，要仔细留意文章中的细节，如人名、地名、时间、数字等，这些细节往往与题目有关。
5．推理判断题。根据"He was born in Venice, Italy in 1254."和"In 1271, Marco Polo left Venice with his father and uncle and set out for Asia."可知，他1254年出生，1271年前往亚洲，那时他17岁。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据"In 1271, Marco Polo left Venice with his father and uncle and set out for Asia."和"In 1275, they finally arrived at the palace of Kublai Khan."可知，从威尼斯到中国用了四年。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据"In fact, he liked him so much that he wanted Marco Polo to work for him. So, the king sent Marco Polo to different places in China, India and Burma."可知，在中国期间，马可·波罗为忽必烈工作。故选A。
8．推理判断题。根据前文"He later met a writer who was crazy about his stories."可知后句是写作家非常喜欢这些故事，所以them指代前文提到的故事。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据"In 1271 …"、"In 1275 …"和"Marco Polo returned to Venice with his father and uncle in 1295."可知文章是按照时间顺序来写的。故选D。
（2024·蒸湘模拟） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
Toys and games are fun, but inventing them is serious business. Big toy companies treat it even more serious, because the more toys they sell, the more money they make. They have adults who do nothing but think up new toys. Sometimes they even work in locked rooms so no one can steal their ideas!
But not every new toy is invented that way, some of the best inventions are made by kids. Thirteen-year-old Casey loved to play golf. He invented a way to make the game more fun. He invented a new golf tee (球座). It is called the Bio tees. Most golf tees are made from wood, but Casey's tee is made out of recycled paper. It does not harm the environment. Casey started his own company to make his new: tee. He's already had orders for millions of them.
Jessica invented a toy when she was only eight, Jessica likes to jump rope. She jumps alone and she jumps with friends. To jump alone, you need a short rope. With friends, you need a long rope. So Jessica invented a new kind of jump rope. The length of Jessica's jump rope can be modified (调整). It can be made long to jump with friends. Or it can be made short to jump alone. When you finish jumping, you can even turn the jump rope into a belt. Now Jessica has a business to sell her jump ropes.
Do you have a great idea for a new invention Give your idea a try. It may become the next Bio tee or latest jump ropes.
10．Why do some adults work in locked rooms when they think up new toys
A．To keep their ideas from being stolen.
B．To invent more toys.
C．To make more money.
11．What is Casey's golf tee made out of
A．Wood. B．Gold. C．Recycled paper.
12．How old was Jessica when she invented the new kind of jump rope
A．13. B．10. C．8.
13．Whom may the writer call on to try ideas for new inventions
A．Teachers. B．Kids. C．Parents.
【答案】10．A
11．C
12．C
13．B
【知识点】说明文；自我提升；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了玩具和游戏虽然有趣，但发明它们是一项严肃的事业。大公司对此尤为重视，而一些最佳发明则来自孩子。文章介绍了两个孩子的发明经历，并鼓励读者尝试发明新事物。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案。
10．细节题。根据"Sometimes they even work in locked rooms so no one can steal their ideas!"可知大型玩具公司的工人有时会在锁着的房间里工作，以确保没人能窃取他们的想法。故选A。
11．细节题。根据"Most golf tees are made from wood, but Casey's tee is made out of recycled paper."可知，大多数高尔夫球座是用木头做的，但Casey的球座是用再生纸做的。故选C。
12．细节题。根据"Jessica invented a toy when she was only eight."可知，Jessica八岁时发明了一个玩具。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据"Some of the best inventions are made by kids."和"Do you have a great idea for a new invention Give your idea a try. It may become the next Bio tee or latest jump ropes."可知，文章是鼓励孩子们进行发明创造，故选B。
（2024·花都模拟） 阅读理解
Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out. Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this. As a boy, he was told that he was hopeless at Science and was at the bottom of his class. Later, aged 79, the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Japanese stem cell (干细胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka.
Like so many scientists, Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance can lead to.
At the age of 15 in 1948, Gurdon ranked last out the 250 boys at his high school in Biology. Gurdon's high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was "quite ridiculous. "
In spite of his teacher's criticisms, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard. He went to the lab earlier and left later than anyone else. He experienced thousands of failures.
"My own belief is that we will, in the end, understand everything about how cells actually work," Gurdon said. In the 1960s, Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic information into an egg cell. The egg cell then grew into a clone (克隆) of the adult frog．This technique later helped to create the sheep Dolly in 1996，the first cloned mammal (哺乳动物) in the world.
In 2006, Gurdon's work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample of a person's skin can be used to create stem cells. Using the technique, doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.
"Luck favours the prepared mind," Gurdon told the Noble Prize Organization. "Ninety percent of the time things don't work, but when they do, you have to seize (抓住) the chance. "
14．Who won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
A．Sir John Gurdon
B．Shinya Yamanaka
C．Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka
D．Gurdon's science teacher
15．According to the passage, which statement about Sir John Gurdon is TRUE
A．As a boy, he was told that he was hopeful.
B．He ranked first at his high school in Biology.
C．It's impossible for the doctors to repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.
D．In spite of his teacher's criticisms, he kept working hard.
16．From the passage, we know Sir John Gurdon's success depended on many thingsEXCEPT ____.
A．perseverance B．criticisms C．diligence D．curiosity
17．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Ninety percent of the time things don't work.
B．Luck favours the prepared mind.
C．Life is full of surprises.
D．How cells actually work.
【答案】14．C
15．D
16．B
17．B
【知识点】记叙文；对社会有突出贡献的人物事迹；细节理解；文章大意
【解析】【分析】大意：整篇文章通过讲述约翰·格登的经历 ， 表达了人生充满了惊喜，有时候我们无法预知事情的发展，但是只要我们保持好奇心和毅力，坚持不懈地追求自己的目标，最终可能会获得成功。
【点评】考查阅读选择。注意先看题目，再看文章：在开始阅读文章之前，先看一遍题目，了解文章的主题和问题，有目的地阅读文章，可以提高阅读效率。
14．细节理解题。根据第一段 Later, aged 79, the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Japanese stem cell (干细胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka. 后来，79 岁的古尔登与日本干细胞研究专家山中伸弥分享了 2012 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，可知是 Sir John Gurdon和Shinya Yamanaka 。故选C。
15．细节理解题。根据第四段In spite of his teacher's criticisms, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard.，可知尽管老师批评了他，但古尔登还是坚持自己的好奇心，不断努力。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据 从文章中可以看出，约翰·格登的成功取决于许多因素，包括坚持不懈（perseverance）、勤奋（diligence）和好奇心（curiosity）。文章提到，他早早地进入实验室，比别人晚离开，经历了无数次失败，但仍然坚持下去，这表明他有坚持不懈的精神；他也非常勤奋，一直在努力研究；他对细胞如何工作充满好奇，这也是他能够取得突破的原因之一。然而，批评（criticisms）并不是他成功的原因，第四段In spite of his teacher's criticisms, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard.，可知尽管老师批评了他，但古尔登还是坚持自己的好奇心，不断努力，他克服了老师对他的批评，坚持自己的兴趣和研究方向，最终取得了成功。故选B。
17．主旨大意题。根据最后一段"Luck favours the prepared mind," Gurdon told the Noble Prize Organization. "Ninety percent of the time things don't work, but when they do, you have to seize (抓住) the chance. ""好运偏爱有准备的人，"格尔顿告诉诺贝尔奖组织。"百分之九十的时候，事情都不会成功，但一旦成功了，你就必须抓住机会。"；以及整篇文章通过讲述约翰·格登的经历 ， 表达了人生充满了惊喜，有时候我们无法预知事情的发展，但是只要我们保持好奇心和毅力，坚持不懈地追求自己的目标，最终可能会获得成功，可知文章主要强调了好运偏爱有准备的人。故选B。
（2024·兰州模拟） 阅读理解
For many girls from villages in China, a dream job could be anything, except working in a village. But Zhang Guifang, a 24-year-old college graduate, gave up running her business in Tianjin and returned to her village.
As a young member of the Communist Party of China, she was chosen as the Party secretary of Sanjia village in December, 2021. Although she once had many ways to develop her village, they weren't put into practice because of lacking money. The "rainbow village" idea was accepted because it didn't cost a lot of money. Zhang hoped to bring in many tourists through this project and develop the local economy（经济）.
She spent five months planning the creation of wall paintings of colourful sunflowers, wings and balloons to make the houses and walls of the village beautiful. For the first time, Sanjia has become famous, with pictures of the village spreading quickly on the Internet.
As a young village head, Zhang's job isn't easy. There are endless things to do, and there are no days off. She often cried at first and once wanted to give up. But she told herself that no matter how hard things were, she would hold on for another month. Slowly, she was approved（认可） by many villagers, which improved her confidence and led her to set bigger goals.
Zhang hoped that as long as she was there, Sanjia would go in a better direction towards a bright future.
18．What did Zhang do in Tianjin
A．She ran her own business.
B．She drew pictures for Sanjia village.
C．She opened a study base in the village.
D．She sold bottles of water on the street.
19．Which is the correct order of the experiences about Zhang Guifang
①She was chosen as the Party secretary of Sanjia village.
②She planned the creation of "rainbow village".
③She returned to Sanjia village.
④She was approved by many villagers.
A．①④②③ B．③①②④ C．③①④② D．①③④②
20．What's the meaning of the underlined word "endless"
A．结束的 B．最后的 C．无止境的 D．完成的
21．Which of the words can describe Zhang
A．Humorous and successful. B．Quiet and confident.
C．Excellent and honest. D．Creative and hard-working.
22．What is the theme of the passage
A．Family. B．Health. C．Travel. D．Society.
【答案】18．A
19．B
20．C
21．D
22．D
【知识点】记叙文；对社会有突出贡献的人物事迹；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了一个年轻女孩Zhang Guifang为了振兴乡村经济而做的努力的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解，文章使用了一些较为简单的词汇和句子结构，适合一般英语学习者阅读。但由于涉及一些特定文化背景和术语（如"Communist Party of China"），可能需要读者具备一定的背景知识。
18．细节题。根据原文第一段But Zhang Guifang, a 24-year-old college graduate, gave up running her business in Tianjin and returned to her village. 但24岁的大学毕业生Zhang Guifang放弃了在天津的生意，回到了自己的村子，可知Zhang Guifang曾在天津做生意，故选A。
19．推断题。根据原文第一段But Zhang Guifang, a 24-year-old college graduate, gave up running her business in Tianjin and returned to her village. 但24岁的大学毕业生Zhang Guifang放弃了在天津的生意，回到了自己的村子，第二段she was chosen as the Party secretary of Sanjia village in December, 2021，2021年12月她任Sanjia村党委书记，第三段She spent five months planning the creation of wall paintings of colourful sunflowers, wings and balloons to make the houses and walls of the village beautiful她花了五个月的时间计划创作彩色向日葵、翅膀和气球的壁画，使村庄的房屋和墙壁变得美丽，和第四段Slowly, she was approved(认可) by many villagers, which improved her confidence and led her to set bigger goals.慢慢地，她得到了许多村民的认可，这增强了她的信心，并引导她设定了更大的目标，这些均是关于Zhang Guifang的经历，故选B。
20．词义猜测题。根据原文第四段and there are no days off.而且没有休息日，可知Zhang Guifang的工作是很繁杂的，几乎总有做不完的事，可推断出endless的词义为"无止境的"，故选C。
21．推断题。根据原文谈论到Zhang Guifang计划制作壁画吸引游客可知她很有创造力，且第四段谈论到她机会没有休息日，且But she told herself that no matter how hard things were, she would hold on for another month.但她告诉自己，无论情况有多艰难，她都要再坚持一个月，可知她很勤奋坚持，故选D。
22．主旨题。通读全文，这篇文章主要讲述了一个年轻的女孩Zhang Guifang为了振兴乡村而做出的一系列努力，属于人与社会的主题范畴，故选D。
阅读理解
I joined a band as a drummer in my middle school. I thought it would be fun playing the drum and meeting new friends. At first it was easy, but a month later, it got difficult. I was the only one who couldn't keep pace(节奏) with the other players.
Our teacher, Angie, singled me out to keep practicing while everyone else got to relax. I felt ashamed(羞愧的) as my teammates watched me fail so many times. Finally I got so tired of practicing that I didn't care about doing it right.
"Are you giving up, Steve " Angie asked.
"Yes, I am, "I shouted, Angie sent me inside the music room where I cried out. Then she came in and said. "Don't be sad. I believe you can make it!"She told me never to give up. She left me alone and I realized Angie was right—by giving up, I was also giving up on the team and myself.
With her comfort, I decided to go on practicing. However, I still couldn't play well. Knowing my difficulties, my teammates gave me a hand. They spent about three more hours practicing with me every week. Thanks to their support and help, I began to keep pace with them. Later, we performed wonderfully in an important show.
In the whole process, I was taught that although we each had our own job to do in a show, it would take all of us working together to make the show great. I felt accepted and made great progress. I love everyone in the band. I can't imagine what my school life would be like without them.
23．One month after he joined the band, Steve felt it was____to play the drum.
A．funny B．helpful C．noisy D．difficult
24．After talking with Angie, Steve decided to____.
A．start a band B．go on practicing
C．have a good rest D．give others a hand
25．With the help of____and Angie, Steve performed well in the show.
A．teachers B．parents C．classmates D．teammates
26．From his experience, Steve learned about____.
A．the effect of shows B．the power of music
C．the value of teamwork D．the importance of hobbies
【答案】23．D
24．B
25．D
26．C
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章讲述了作者在乐队中担任鼓手的经历，从开始的兴奋到困难重重，再到坚持不懈，最后取得成功的故事。文章突出了团队合作的重要性，并表达了作者对乐队成员的感激和喜爱。
【点评】考查阅读理解，看过题干之后，再返回原文阅读，在阅读的过程中不用过于注重词句的把握，遇到不认识的单词不必作太久的停留，以免影响阅读速度。
23．细节理解题，根据句子At first it was easy, but a month later, it got difficult. 起初很容易，但一个月后，它变得困难了。可知加入乐队一个月后，史蒂夫觉得打鼓很难，故选D。
24．细节理解题，根据句子With her comfort, I decided to go on practicing. 在她的安慰下，我决定继续练习。可知和安吉谈过之后，史蒂夫决定继续练习，故选B。
25．细节理解题，根据句子Knowing my difficulties, my teammates gave me a hand. They spent about three more hours practicing with me every week. Thanks to their support and help, I began to keep pace with them. Later, we performed wonderfully in an important show. 知道我的困难，我的队友给了我帮助。他们每周花大约三个多小时和我一起练习。由于他们的支持和帮助，我开始跟上他们的步伐。后来，我们在一个重要的演出中表现出色。可知在队友和安吉的帮助下，史蒂夫在节目中表现出色，故选D。
26．推理判断题，根据句子In the whole process, I was taught that although we each had our own job to do in a show, it would take all of us working together to make the show great. 在整个过程中，我学到的是，虽然我们每个人在节目中都有自己的工作要做，但要让节目变得精彩，需要我们所有人的共同努力。可推知从他的经历中，史蒂夫了解到团队合作的价值，故选C。
阅读理解
Many kids do housework such as doing the dishes, making the bed, and folding the clothes. In exchange, they get some money or longer computer time.
Paying kids for housework is one of the most popular topics, especially at a time when everyone is more careful about money. Some parents think since adults are paid to do their jobs, we should pay kids for everyday housework.
But some people don't think kids should get rewards(报酬) for doing housework. Susie Walton, an expert, believe that by rewarding kids, parents are sending a message that work isn't worth doing unless you get something in return. "Running any kind of housework is a team effort, "Walton said. "A home is a living space for everyone in the family. It's important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house, and families decide how they want their home to look, and how they are going to keep it looking like what they want. "
Other people believe that getting a reward encourages kids to do housework, and it also teaches them real world lessons about how we need to work to get money. There are also Apps that gives kids points and digital gifts that can be redeemed (兑现) either online or in the real world. "Our goal is to give kids lawful power so they can get rewards, " says Chris Bergman. "And kids need rewards to help encourage themselves. "
27．Which of the following housework is mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．Making the bed. B．Sweeping the floor.
C．Cooking the dishes. D．Washing the clothes.
28．What does the underlined phrase"in return"in Paragraph mean
A．On sale. B．As a reward.
C．Under control. D．For punishment.
29．What's Walton's idea in the passage
A．People work to get some rewards .
B．Kids have responsibilities in the house.
C．Running exercise is a kind of team work.
D．Doing the housework is only the parents'job.
30．According to Chris Bergman, kids should be encouraged to____.
A．do more housework B．stay away from housework
C．do housework with rewards D．do housework without rewards
【答案】27．A
28．B
29．B
30．C
【知识点】日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了人们对花钱让孩子做家务的不同看法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词句猜测题。细节题可以从文中找到依据，词句猜测题需要根据上下句推断选项意思。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第一段Many kids do housework such as doing the dishes, making the bed, and folding the clothes.许多孩子做家务，如洗碗，铺床，叠衣服。 可知，第一段提到的家务有铺床，故选A。
28．词句猜测题。根据前面 But some people don't think kids should get rewards(报酬) for doing housework. 但有些人认为孩子不应该因为做家务而得到奖励。 再根据此处是unless引导的条件状语从句，根据句中 work isn't worth doing 工作不值得做 ，可知，此处指" 除非你得到回报 "，所以in return是作为回报的意思，故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据Walton所说"A home is a living space for everyone in the family. It's important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house, and families decide how they want their home to look, and how they are going to keep it looking like what they want. ""家是每个家庭成员的生活空间。重要的是让孩子们看到，我们在家里都有责任，家庭成员决定他们想要他们的家是什么样子，以及他们将如何保持他们想要的样子。"可知，Walton认为孩子在家里有责任。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据文章最后 "Our goal is to give kids lawful power so they can get rewards, " says Chris Bergman. "And kids need rewards to help encourage themselves. ""我们的目标是给孩子们合法的权利，这样他们就能得到奖励，"克里斯·伯格曼说。"孩子们需要奖励来鼓励自己。"可知，克里斯·伯格曼认为孩子应该被鼓励做家务有奖励，故选C。
（2022·济南） 阅读理解
Scientists say that hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up. How
They Help You Learn
When you have a hobby, you learn new things. You have to read instructions. You look at websites, magazines and books to get more information about your hobby. More reading makes you a better reader and a better learner.
They Help You Be Creative
For many hobbies, such as building model cars and making pottery, you have to use your brain as well as your hands. We learn by doing things and by touching things. These kinds of activities make people more creative.
They Help You Be Relaxed
Having a hobby makes you feel good. Scientists say, "When you make something, the ‘feel-good' part of your brain gets a message. It makes you feel happy. " When we feel happy, we have less stress. Too much stress can make people sick.
They Help You Build Skills
People with hobbies learn how to set goals and solve problems. Learning these skills when you are young can help you when you grow up. For some kids, having a hobby can be the first step to finding a satisfying job in the future.
31．According to the text, in how many ways can hobbies help kids
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
32．For which hobby do you have to use your brain and your hands
A．Watching cartoons. B．Reading novels.
C．Building model cars. D．Listening to music.
33．What influence does too much stress have on people
A．It makes them feel sick. B．It helps them succeed.
C．It's good for their health. D．It brings luck to them.
34．If kids have hobbies, they may ____ when they grow up.
A．have more opinions B．find better jobs
C．face more problems D．make more friends
35．What is the text mainly about
A．The meaning of life.
B．The ways of developing hobbies.
C．The importance of learning.
D．The advantages of hobbies for kids.
【答案】31．D
32．C
33．A
34．B
35．D
【知识点】日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了爱好给孩子们带来的好处。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
31．细节理解题。根据They Help You Learn、They Help You Be Creative、They Help You Be Relaxed、They Help You Build Skills可知，文章提到爱好可以在四个方面帮助孩子，故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据文章第三段For many hobbies, such as building model cars and making pottery, you have to use your brain as well as your hands.可知，制作汽车模型要使用大脑和手，故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据文章第四段Too much stress can make people sick.可知，压力太大会让人生病，故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据文章第一段Scientists say that hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up.和文章最后一段For some kids, having a hobby can be the first step to finding a satisfying job in the future.可知，如果孩子们有爱好，那么他们长大后可能会找到更好的工作，故选B。
35．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段Scientists say that hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up.可知，文章主要介绍了爱好给孩子们带来的好处，故选D。
（2022·济南） 阅读理解
Tyler had broken his arm in a bicycle accident. A car knocked Tyler down when it came out of a side street without stopping. The accident happened because there was no stop sign at the corner and the car didn't stop. So Tyler decided to try to get the city to put up a stop sign.
First, Tyler wrote a petition（请愿书）to have a stop sign put up with his parents' help. Then, Tyler and his parents asked their neighbors, friends, teachers, classmates… almost everyone they knew to sign the petition. Soon, there were hundreds of names on the petition.
Tyler also got some information about other accidents at the same corner where he had had his own accident. If he could show the city that it was a dangerous corner, they might put up a stop sign there. He hoped that this information and his petition would work.
When the petition was ready, Tyler and his parents went to a meeting of the city council（政务委员会）. They brought along the petition and the other information. After a long wait, Tyler got a chance to tell what had happened to him. He told the story of the bicycle accident and explained his idea. If there were a stop sign at the corner where the accident happened, other kids would be safer.
After that, Tyler read the petition out loud. Then, he handed it and the other information to the council. The city council agreed to consider the request and make a decision before their next meeting.
The next month, Tyler and his parents attended another meeting of the city council. The head of the city council announced that the city had decided to agree to the petition! There would be a stop sign at the corner where Tyler had his accident. Now other kids would be safer when they rode their bikes.
36．Why did Tyler have the bicycle accident at the corner
A．Tyler rode rather too fast. B．There was no stop sign.
C．The car ran the red light. D．The street was crowded.
37．What was the first thing Tyler did to have a stop sign put up at the corner
A．He found out about other accidents.
B．He explained his idea to his neighbors.
C．He wrote a petition for the stop sign.
D．He attended a meeting of the city council.
38．When did the city council agree to the petition
A．As soon as Tyler handed it.
B．After Tyler's parents handed it again.
C．After about a six-month wait.
D．Nearly a month after Tyler handed it.
39．How would the other kids probably feel when the new stop sign was put up
A．Thankful. B．Nervous. C．Embarrassed. D．Proud.
40．What can we learn from the text
A．It is dangerous for people to ride bikes in the street.
B．Only adults have the responsibility to present a petition.
C．Kids can play a role in making their neighborhoods better.
D．Stop signs are supposed to be put up at every street corner.
【答案】36．B
37．C
38．D
39．A
40．C
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了Tyler因为在街上被撞了，想到了在拐角处设置停车标志的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
36．细节理解题。根据文章第一段The accident happened because there was no stop sign at the corner and the car didn't stop.可知，Tyler骑自行车在拐角处发生事故，是因为没有停车标志，故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据文章第二段First, Tyler wrote a petition（请愿书）to have a stop sign put up with his parents' help.可知，Tyler做的第一件事是为设置停车标志写了一份请愿书，故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段The next month, Tyler and his parents attended another meeting of the city council. The head of the city council announced that the city had decided to agree to the petition!可知，Tyler上交请愿书一个月后，市议会同意了请愿书，故选D。
39．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 There would be a stop sign at the corner where Tyler had his accident. Now other kids would be safer when they rode their bikes.可知，当新的停车标志挂上时，其他孩子可能会感觉很感激，故选A。
40．推理判断题。根据文章第一段So Tyler decided to try to get the city to put up a stop sign.可推知，我们从课文中学到：孩子们可以在改善他们的社区方面发挥作用，故选C。
（2023·莱西模拟） 阅读理解
Success is often considered to be the opposite of failure. To teenagers, it is the achievement of a goal or completion of something they really need, such as good grades and the ability to get along well with their classmates. Some schools used to agree with most parents who measured (判定) the success of their children according to grades, but now they pay special attention to moral (道德的) education and character-building to make sure teenagers achieve success in building human relationships.
Schools give chances to students to discover their hidden ability so that they can enjoy some form of success. For example, those good at speaking skills are advised to take part in speech competitions while those interested in arts are expected to perform in front of their classmates. Teenagers also get the pleasure of success when they join their favorite clubs.
Teenagers are often told that success is not easy to achieve and that success lies in hard work. Great efforts have to be put into project work. Doing things much later than planned should be avoided as this will lead to a mountain of work which finally makes them nervous. Another good quality (品质) is a sense of responsibility which makes them remember that a task has to be completed.
Sticking to moral values is the key to success too. Honest teenagers will win the trust of friends leading to good relationships. Self-motivation (自我激励) is another quality to be developed, for self-motivated teenagers will have the strong will and drive to perform a task and finally get to enjoy a sense of achievement.
41．What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 1 refer to (指代)
A．Their classmates. B．Some schools.
C．Most parents. D．Their children.
42．Why are students given chances to take part in activities
A．To get good grades.
B．To improve speaking ability.
C．To express their love for arts.
D．To get the pleasure of success.
43．What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A．Project work makes teenagers nervous.
B．Good qualities will lead to a happy life.
C．Teenagers are advised to complete tasks in time.
D．Taking responsibility will make work much easier.
44．What is important for making students strong minded
A．Honesty. B．Self-motivation.
C．Communication. D．Friends' trust.
45．What can be the best title for the text
A．The Value of Moral Education
B．The Key to Discovering Hidden Ability
C．The Meaning of Success to Teenagers
D．The Way to Communicate with Others
【答案】41．B
42．D
43．C
44．B
45．C
【知识点】日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了成功对于青少年的意义。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
41．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段Some schools used to agree with most parents who measured (判定) the success of their children according to grades，but now they pay special attention to moral (道德的) education and character-building to make sure teenagers achieve success in building human relationships.可知，一些学校过去同意大多数家长根据成绩来衡量孩子的成功，但现在他们特别关注道德教育和品格建设，以确保青少年在建立人际关系方面取得成功。they指代上文中提到的复数名词"some schools"，故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据文章第二段 Teenagers also get the pleasure of success when they join their favorite clubs.可知，学生有机会参加活动是为了获得成功的喜悦，故选D。
43．细节理解题。根据文章第三段Another good quality (品质) is a sense of responsibility which makes them remember that a task has to be completed.可知，本段建议青少年及时完成任务，故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Self-motivation (自我激励) is another quality to be developed, for self-motivated teenagers will have the strong will and drive to perform a task and finally get to enjoy a sense of achievement.可知，自我激励对于培养学生的坚强意志很重要，故选B。
45．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段Success is often considered to be the opposite of failure. To teenagers, it is the achievement of a goal or completion of something they really need, such as good grades and the ability to get along well with their classmates.并结合全文内容可知，成功通常被认为是失败的对立面。对青少年来说，成功是实现目标或完成他们真正需要的东西，比如取得好成绩和与同学相处融洽的能力。由此可知，本文主要介绍了成功对于青少年的意义，故选C。
1 / 1备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练—人与自我 主题04 职业梦想
一、阅读理解
（2024·万山模拟）阅读下面三个语篇, 从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
Evans Wadongo was from a poor village of Africa. He had to do homework by the light of a kerosene lamp (煤油灯). Evans' eyes hurt and this made studying difficult.
However Evans was excellent enough to enter a university. But he continued to worry about the kerosene lamp. He realized it was not just bad for school children but for the whole family. First, it can cause illnesses such as coughs. Also, the light can hurt people's eyes. Besides, it can lead to fires. Lastly, kerosene is expensive, so families have less money for food. It was difficult to come up with a different kind of lamp that was cheap and good for the environment. Yet Evans did not give up.
One day, he had an idea. He could use a small solar (太阳能) light. Sunlight is free and solar power is clean. Evans built his first solar lamp, and it worked. He began to build more lamps and sent them to local families. An organization heard about this and provided money for him to build more solar lamps.
Each lamp only cost $20. However, this was a lot of money to many villagers, so Evans made sure he kept the cost down. He used recycled materials and ask volunteers to build the lamps. Finally, people from many countries gave away money to his team, so the lamps were usually free.
The solar lamps made a big difference to thousands of people. Julia a mother of three, said, "Thanks to Evans, my children have light to read, and I have my own light to cook."
1．The underlined word "this" in Paragraph 1 refers to ____.
A．living in a poor village
B．entering a university
C．having eye problems
2．Which of the following is the correct order of the story
a. Evans went to a university.
b. Thousands of people had safe light.
c. His first solar lamp was invented.
d. Kerosene lamps hurt Evans' eyes.
e. Recycled materials were used in the lamps.
f. People from many countries gave away money.
A．d—a—c—e—f—b B．b—f—d—a—e—c C．a—d—f—e—c—b
3．The purpose of giving Julia's example in Paragraph 5 is ____.
A．to express Julia's thanks to the government
B．to show Evans' influence
C．to describe Evans' feelings
4．The best title of the passage would be ____.
A．Evans—A Poor but Talented Boy
B．Evans and His Great Invention
C．The Use of a Small Solar Light
（2024·封开模拟） 阅读理解
Marco Polo was one of the world's most famous explorers (探险家) . He was born in Venice, Italy in 1254. When he was 17 years old, he went on a trip to Asia that lasted 24 years. Marco Polo's travel later influenced many people.
In 1271, Marco Polo left Venice with his father and uncle and set out for Asia. The purpose of their trip was to meet with Kublai Khan who ruled a large part of Asia. On their way to meet the king at his palace in China, they traveled trough much of the Middle East and Central Asia. In 1275, they finally arrived at the palace of Kublai Khan. Kublai Khan grew to like Marco Polo very much. In fact, he liked him so much that he wanted Marco Polo to work for him. So, the king sent Marco Polo to different places in China, India and Burma. Marco Polo stayed in China with Kublai Khan for 17 years. Over that time, he collected many jewels and lots of gold
Marco Polo returned to Venice with his father and uncle in 1295. People often went to Marco Polo's home to hear stories about his travels. He became a great storyteller. Marco Polo was known as "the man with a million stories". He later met a writer who was crazy about his stories. The writer liked them____so much that he wrote a book about Marco Polo's travels
The book about Marco Polo's travels taught Europeans about places in Asia they knew little about. The book also taught people about the geography of Asia. Some of these people were explorers who used the information in Marco Polo's book on their own journeys. The best known of these explorers was Christopher Columbus.
5．When was Marco Polo set out for Asia
A．In 1254. B．When he was 24.
C．In 1295. D．When he was 17.
6．How long did it take Marco Polo to go to China from Venice
A．4 years. B．7 years. C．14 years D．17 years.
7．What did Marco Polo do during the years in China
A．He worked for Kublai Khan
B．He wrote a lot about China.
C．He collected many books about China.
D．He made friends with Chinese explorers.
8．What is the underline word "them"refers to
A．Marco Polo's travels.
B．Marco Polo's stories.
C．Marco Polo's father and uncle.
D．Marco Polo's jewels and gold.
9．What is the passage mainly developed by
A．Providing examples. B．Showing differences.
C．Describing a process. D．Following the time order.
（2024·蒸湘模拟） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
Toys and games are fun, but inventing them is serious business. Big toy companies treat it even more serious, because the more toys they sell, the more money they make. They have adults who do nothing but think up new toys. Sometimes they even work in locked rooms so no one can steal their ideas!
But not every new toy is invented that way, some of the best inventions are made by kids. Thirteen-year-old Casey loved to play golf. He invented a way to make the game more fun. He invented a new golf tee (球座). It is called the Bio tees. Most golf tees are made from wood, but Casey's tee is made out of recycled paper. It does not harm the environment. Casey started his own company to make his new: tee. He's already had orders for millions of them.
Jessica invented a toy when she was only eight, Jessica likes to jump rope. She jumps alone and she jumps with friends. To jump alone, you need a short rope. With friends, you need a long rope. So Jessica invented a new kind of jump rope. The length of Jessica's jump rope can be modified (调整). It can be made long to jump with friends. Or it can be made short to jump alone. When you finish jumping, you can even turn the jump rope into a belt. Now Jessica has a business to sell her jump ropes.
Do you have a great idea for a new invention Give your idea a try. It may become the next Bio tee or latest jump ropes.
10．Why do some adults work in locked rooms when they think up new toys
A．To keep their ideas from being stolen.
B．To invent more toys.
C．To make more money.
11．What is Casey's golf tee made out of
A．Wood. B．Gold. C．Recycled paper.
12．How old was Jessica when she invented the new kind of jump rope
A．13. B．10. C．8.
13．Whom may the writer call on to try ideas for new inventions
A．Teachers. B．Kids. C．Parents.
（2024·花都模拟） 阅读理解
Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out. Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this. As a boy, he was told that he was hopeless at Science and was at the bottom of his class. Later, aged 79, the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Japanese stem cell (干细胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka.
Like so many scientists, Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance can lead to.
At the age of 15 in 1948, Gurdon ranked last out the 250 boys at his high school in Biology. Gurdon's high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was "quite ridiculous. "
In spite of his teacher's criticisms, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard. He went to the lab earlier and left later than anyone else. He experienced thousands of failures.
"My own belief is that we will, in the end, understand everything about how cells actually work," Gurdon said. In the 1960s, Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic information into an egg cell. The egg cell then grew into a clone (克隆) of the adult frog．This technique later helped to create the sheep Dolly in 1996，the first cloned mammal (哺乳动物) in the world.
In 2006, Gurdon's work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample of a person's skin can be used to create stem cells. Using the technique, doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.
"Luck favours the prepared mind," Gurdon told the Noble Prize Organization. "Ninety percent of the time things don't work, but when they do, you have to seize (抓住) the chance. "
14．Who won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
A．Sir John Gurdon
B．Shinya Yamanaka
C．Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka
D．Gurdon's science teacher
15．According to the passage, which statement about Sir John Gurdon is TRUE
A．As a boy, he was told that he was hopeful.
B．He ranked first at his high school in Biology.
C．It's impossible for the doctors to repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.
D．In spite of his teacher's criticisms, he kept working hard.
16．From the passage, we know Sir John Gurdon's success depended on many thingsEXCEPT ____.
A．perseverance B．criticisms C．diligence D．curiosity
17．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Ninety percent of the time things don't work.
B．Luck favours the prepared mind.
C．Life is full of surprises.
D．How cells actually work.
（2024·兰州模拟） 阅读理解
For many girls from villages in China, a dream job could be anything, except working in a village. But Zhang Guifang, a 24-year-old college graduate, gave up running her business in Tianjin and returned to her village.
As a young member of the Communist Party of China, she was chosen as the Party secretary of Sanjia village in December, 2021. Although she once had many ways to develop her village, they weren't put into practice because of lacking money. The "rainbow village" idea was accepted because it didn't cost a lot of money. Zhang hoped to bring in many tourists through this project and develop the local economy（经济）.
She spent five months planning the creation of wall paintings of colourful sunflowers, wings and balloons to make the houses and walls of the village beautiful. For the first time, Sanjia has become famous, with pictures of the village spreading quickly on the Internet.
As a young village head, Zhang's job isn't easy. There are endless things to do, and there are no days off. She often cried at first and once wanted to give up. But she told herself that no matter how hard things were, she would hold on for another month. Slowly, she was approved（认可） by many villagers, which improved her confidence and led her to set bigger goals.
Zhang hoped that as long as she was there, Sanjia would go in a better direction towards a bright future.
18．What did Zhang do in Tianjin
A．She ran her own business.
B．She drew pictures for Sanjia village.
C．She opened a study base in the village.
D．She sold bottles of water on the street.
19．Which is the correct order of the experiences about Zhang Guifang
①She was chosen as the Party secretary of Sanjia village.
②She planned the creation of "rainbow village".
③She returned to Sanjia village.
④She was approved by many villagers.
A．①④②③ B．③①②④ C．③①④② D．①③④②
20．What's the meaning of the underlined word "endless"
A．结束的 B．最后的 C．无止境的 D．完成的
21．Which of the words can describe Zhang
A．Humorous and successful. B．Quiet and confident.
C．Excellent and honest. D．Creative and hard-working.
22．What is the theme of the passage
A．Family. B．Health. C．Travel. D．Society.
阅读理解
I joined a band as a drummer in my middle school. I thought it would be fun playing the drum and meeting new friends. At first it was easy, but a month later, it got difficult. I was the only one who couldn't keep pace(节奏) with the other players.
Our teacher, Angie, singled me out to keep practicing while everyone else got to relax. I felt ashamed(羞愧的) as my teammates watched me fail so many times. Finally I got so tired of practicing that I didn't care about doing it right.
"Are you giving up, Steve " Angie asked.
"Yes, I am, "I shouted, Angie sent me inside the music room where I cried out. Then she came in and said. "Don't be sad. I believe you can make it!"She told me never to give up. She left me alone and I realized Angie was right—by giving up, I was also giving up on the team and myself.
With her comfort, I decided to go on practicing. However, I still couldn't play well. Knowing my difficulties, my teammates gave me a hand. They spent about three more hours practicing with me every week. Thanks to their support and help, I began to keep pace with them. Later, we performed wonderfully in an important show.
In the whole process, I was taught that although we each had our own job to do in a show, it would take all of us working together to make the show great. I felt accepted and made great progress. I love everyone in the band. I can't imagine what my school life would be like without them.
23．One month after he joined the band, Steve felt it was____to play the drum.
A．funny B．helpful C．noisy D．difficult
24．After talking with Angie, Steve decided to____.
A．start a band B．go on practicing
C．have a good rest D．give others a hand
25．With the help of____and Angie, Steve performed well in the show.
A．teachers B．parents C．classmates D．teammates
26．From his experience, Steve learned about____.
A．the effect of shows B．the power of music
C．the value of teamwork D．the importance of hobbies
阅读理解
Many kids do housework such as doing the dishes, making the bed, and folding the clothes. In exchange, they get some money or longer computer time.
Paying kids for housework is one of the most popular topics, especially at a time when everyone is more careful about money. Some parents think since adults are paid to do their jobs, we should pay kids for everyday housework.
But some people don't think kids should get rewards(报酬) for doing housework. Susie Walton, an expert, believe that by rewarding kids, parents are sending a message that work isn't worth doing unless you get something in return. "Running any kind of housework is a team effort, "Walton said. "A home is a living space for everyone in the family. It's important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house, and families decide how they want their home to look, and how they are going to keep it looking like what they want. "
Other people believe that getting a reward encourages kids to do housework, and it also teaches them real world lessons about how we need to work to get money. There are also Apps that gives kids points and digital gifts that can be redeemed (兑现) either online or in the real world. "Our goal is to give kids lawful power so they can get rewards, " says Chris Bergman. "And kids need rewards to help encourage themselves. "
27．Which of the following housework is mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．Making the bed. B．Sweeping the floor.
C．Cooking the dishes. D．Washing the clothes.
28．What does the underlined phrase"in return"in Paragraph mean
A．On sale. B．As a reward.
C．Under control. D．For punishment.
29．What's Walton's idea in the passage
A．People work to get some rewards .
B．Kids have responsibilities in the house.
C．Running exercise is a kind of team work.
D．Doing the housework is only the parents'job.
30．According to Chris Bergman, kids should be encouraged to____.
A．do more housework B．stay away from housework
C．do housework with rewards D．do housework without rewards
（2022·济南） 阅读理解
Scientists say that hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up. How
They Help You Learn
When you have a hobby, you learn new things. You have to read instructions. You look at websites, magazines and books to get more information about your hobby. More reading makes you a better reader and a better learner.
They Help You Be Creative
For many hobbies, such as building model cars and making pottery, you have to use your brain as well as your hands. We learn by doing things and by touching things. These kinds of activities make people more creative.
They Help You Be Relaxed
Having a hobby makes you feel good. Scientists say, "When you make something, the ‘feel-good' part of your brain gets a message. It makes you feel happy. " When we feel happy, we have less stress. Too much stress can make people sick.
They Help You Build Skills
People with hobbies learn how to set goals and solve problems. Learning these skills when you are young can help you when you grow up. For some kids, having a hobby can be the first step to finding a satisfying job in the future.
31．According to the text, in how many ways can hobbies help kids
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
32．For which hobby do you have to use your brain and your hands
A．Watching cartoons. B．Reading novels.
C．Building model cars. D．Listening to music.
33．What influence does too much stress have on people
A．It makes them feel sick. B．It helps them succeed.
C．It's good for their health. D．It brings luck to them.
34．If kids have hobbies, they may ____ when they grow up.
A．have more opinions B．find better jobs
C．face more problems D．make more friends
35．What is the text mainly about
A．The meaning of life.
B．The ways of developing hobbies.
C．The importance of learning.
D．The advantages of hobbies for kids.
（2022·济南） 阅读理解
Tyler had broken his arm in a bicycle accident. A car knocked Tyler down when it came out of a side street without stopping. The accident happened because there was no stop sign at the corner and the car didn't stop. So Tyler decided to try to get the city to put up a stop sign.
First, Tyler wrote a petition（请愿书）to have a stop sign put up with his parents' help. Then, Tyler and his parents asked their neighbors, friends, teachers, classmates… almost everyone they knew to sign the petition. Soon, there were hundreds of names on the petition.
Tyler also got some information about other accidents at the same corner where he had had his own accident. If he could show the city that it was a dangerous corner, they might put up a stop sign there. He hoped that this information and his petition would work.
When the petition was ready, Tyler and his parents went to a meeting of the city council（政务委员会）. They brought along the petition and the other information. After a long wait, Tyler got a chance to tell what had happened to him. He told the story of the bicycle accident and explained his idea. If there were a stop sign at the corner where the accident happened, other kids would be safer.
After that, Tyler read the petition out loud. Then, he handed it and the other information to the council. The city council agreed to consider the request and make a decision before their next meeting.
The next month, Tyler and his parents attended another meeting of the city council. The head of the city council announced that the city had decided to agree to the petition! There would be a stop sign at the corner where Tyler had his accident. Now other kids would be safer when they rode their bikes.
36．Why did Tyler have the bicycle accident at the corner
A．Tyler rode rather too fast. B．There was no stop sign.
C．The car ran the red light. D．The street was crowded.
37．What was the first thing Tyler did to have a stop sign put up at the corner
A．He found out about other accidents.
B．He explained his idea to his neighbors.
C．He wrote a petition for the stop sign.
D．He attended a meeting of the city council.
38．When did the city council agree to the petition
A．As soon as Tyler handed it.
B．After Tyler's parents handed it again.
C．After about a six-month wait.
D．Nearly a month after Tyler handed it.
39．How would the other kids probably feel when the new stop sign was put up
A．Thankful. B．Nervous. C．Embarrassed. D．Proud.
40．What can we learn from the text
A．It is dangerous for people to ride bikes in the street.
B．Only adults have the responsibility to present a petition.
C．Kids can play a role in making their neighborhoods better.
D．Stop signs are supposed to be put up at every street corner.
（2023·莱西模拟） 阅读理解
Success is often considered to be the opposite of failure. To teenagers, it is the achievement of a goal or completion of something they really need, such as good grades and the ability to get along well with their classmates. Some schools used to agree with most parents who measured (判定) the success of their children according to grades, but now they pay special attention to moral (道德的) education and character-building to make sure teenagers achieve success in building human relationships.
Schools give chances to students to discover their hidden ability so that they can enjoy some form of success. For example, those good at speaking skills are advised to take part in speech competitions while those interested in arts are expected to perform in front of their classmates. Teenagers also get the pleasure of success when they join their favorite clubs.
Teenagers are often told that success is not easy to achieve and that success lies in hard work. Great efforts have to be put into project work. Doing things much later than planned should be avoided as this will lead to a mountain of work which finally makes them nervous. Another good quality (品质) is a sense of responsibility which makes them remember that a task has to be completed.
Sticking to moral values is the key to success too. Honest teenagers will win the trust of friends leading to good relationships. Self-motivation (自我激励) is another quality to be developed, for self-motivated teenagers will have the strong will and drive to perform a task and finally get to enjoy a sense of achievement.
41．What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 1 refer to (指代)
A．Their classmates. B．Some schools.
C．Most parents. D．Their children.
42．Why are students given chances to take part in activities
A．To get good grades.
B．To improve speaking ability.
C．To express their love for arts.
D．To get the pleasure of success.
43．What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A．Project work makes teenagers nervous.
B．Good qualities will lead to a happy life.
C．Teenagers are advised to complete tasks in time.
D．Taking responsibility will make work much easier.
44．What is important for making students strong minded
A．Honesty. B．Self-motivation.
C．Communication. D．Friends' trust.
45．What can be the best title for the text
A．The Value of Moral Education
B．The Key to Discovering Hidden Ability
C．The Meaning of Success to Teenagers
D．The Way to Communicate with Others
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．B
4．B
【知识点】记叙文；对社会有突出贡献的人物事迹；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了埃文斯发明并制作太阳能灯的过程。
【点评】考查阅读理解，注意关注文章结构：阅读文章时，要关注文章的结构和脉络，了解文章的段落和主题，有助于理解文章内容和回答问题。
1．词义猜测题。根据"Evans' eyes hurt and this made studying difficult."可知，埃文斯的眼睛疼，这使学习很困难。this指代的是眼睛问题。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段"Evans' eyes hurt and this made studying difficult."（埃文斯的眼睛受伤，这使他学习困难。）、第二段"However, Evans was excellent enough to enter a university."（然而，埃文斯非常优秀，足以进入一所大学。）、第三段"Evans built his first solar lamp, and it worked."（埃文斯制造了他的第一盏太阳能灯，并且成功了。）、第四段"However, this was a lot of money to many villagers, so Evans made sure he kept the cost down. He used recycled materials and ask volunteers to build the lamps."（然而，这对许多村民来说是一大笔钱，所以埃文斯确保他保持低成本。他使用回收材料，并请志愿者来制作这些灯。）、"Finally, people from many countries gave away money to his team, so the lamps were usually free."（最后，来自许多国家的人们捐钱给他的团队，所以灯通常是免费的。）以及最后一段"The solar lamps made a big difference to thousands of people."（太阳能灯给成千上万的人带来了巨大的变化。）可知，事件的正确顺序为d—a—c—e—f—b。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据"Thanks to Evans, my children have light to read, and I have my own light to cook."可知，作者在第5段给出了朱莉娅的例子是为了说明埃文斯发明太阳能灯带来的影响。故选B。
4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了埃文斯发明太阳能灯的故事，所以标题应为"埃文斯和他的伟大发明"。故选B。
【答案】5．D
6．A
7．A
8．B
9．D
【知识点】记叙文；对社会有突出贡献的人物事迹；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了马可·波罗的旅行经历，他的经历和书也影响了很多人。
【点评】考查阅读理解，注意留意文章细节：阅读文章时，要仔细留意文章中的细节，如人名、地名、时间、数字等，这些细节往往与题目有关。
5．推理判断题。根据"He was born in Venice, Italy in 1254."和"In 1271, Marco Polo left Venice with his father and uncle and set out for Asia."可知，他1254年出生，1271年前往亚洲，那时他17岁。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据"In 1271, Marco Polo left Venice with his father and uncle and set out for Asia."和"In 1275, they finally arrived at the palace of Kublai Khan."可知，从威尼斯到中国用了四年。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据"In fact, he liked him so much that he wanted Marco Polo to work for him. So, the king sent Marco Polo to different places in China, India and Burma."可知，在中国期间，马可·波罗为忽必烈工作。故选A。
8．推理判断题。根据前文"He later met a writer who was crazy about his stories."可知后句是写作家非常喜欢这些故事，所以them指代前文提到的故事。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据"In 1271 …"、"In 1275 …"和"Marco Polo returned to Venice with his father and uncle in 1295."可知文章是按照时间顺序来写的。故选D。
【答案】10．A
11．C
12．C
13．B
【知识点】说明文；自我提升；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了玩具和游戏虽然有趣，但发明它们是一项严肃的事业。大公司对此尤为重视，而一些最佳发明则来自孩子。文章介绍了两个孩子的发明经历，并鼓励读者尝试发明新事物。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案。
10．细节题。根据"Sometimes they even work in locked rooms so no one can steal their ideas!"可知大型玩具公司的工人有时会在锁着的房间里工作，以确保没人能窃取他们的想法。故选A。
11．细节题。根据"Most golf tees are made from wood, but Casey's tee is made out of recycled paper."可知，大多数高尔夫球座是用木头做的，但Casey的球座是用再生纸做的。故选C。
12．细节题。根据"Jessica invented a toy when she was only eight."可知，Jessica八岁时发明了一个玩具。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据"Some of the best inventions are made by kids."和"Do you have a great idea for a new invention Give your idea a try. It may become the next Bio tee or latest jump ropes."可知，文章是鼓励孩子们进行发明创造，故选B。
【答案】14．C
15．D
16．B
17．B
【知识点】记叙文；对社会有突出贡献的人物事迹；细节理解；文章大意
【解析】【分析】大意：整篇文章通过讲述约翰·格登的经历 ， 表达了人生充满了惊喜，有时候我们无法预知事情的发展，但是只要我们保持好奇心和毅力，坚持不懈地追求自己的目标，最终可能会获得成功。
【点评】考查阅读选择。注意先看题目，再看文章：在开始阅读文章之前，先看一遍题目，了解文章的主题和问题，有目的地阅读文章，可以提高阅读效率。
14．细节理解题。根据第一段 Later, aged 79, the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Japanese stem cell (干细胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka. 后来，79 岁的古尔登与日本干细胞研究专家山中伸弥分享了 2012 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，可知是 Sir John Gurdon和Shinya Yamanaka 。故选C。
15．细节理解题。根据第四段In spite of his teacher's criticisms, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard.，可知尽管老师批评了他，但古尔登还是坚持自己的好奇心，不断努力。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据 从文章中可以看出，约翰·格登的成功取决于许多因素，包括坚持不懈（perseverance）、勤奋（diligence）和好奇心（curiosity）。文章提到，他早早地进入实验室，比别人晚离开，经历了无数次失败，但仍然坚持下去，这表明他有坚持不懈的精神；他也非常勤奋，一直在努力研究；他对细胞如何工作充满好奇，这也是他能够取得突破的原因之一。然而，批评（criticisms）并不是他成功的原因，第四段In spite of his teacher's criticisms, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard.，可知尽管老师批评了他，但古尔登还是坚持自己的好奇心，不断努力，他克服了老师对他的批评，坚持自己的兴趣和研究方向，最终取得了成功。故选B。
17．主旨大意题。根据最后一段"Luck favours the prepared mind," Gurdon told the Noble Prize Organization. "Ninety percent of the time things don't work, but when they do, you have to seize (抓住) the chance. ""好运偏爱有准备的人，"格尔顿告诉诺贝尔奖组织。"百分之九十的时候，事情都不会成功，但一旦成功了，你就必须抓住机会。"；以及整篇文章通过讲述约翰·格登的经历 ， 表达了人生充满了惊喜，有时候我们无法预知事情的发展，但是只要我们保持好奇心和毅力，坚持不懈地追求自己的目标，最终可能会获得成功，可知文章主要强调了好运偏爱有准备的人。故选B。
【答案】18．A
19．B
20．C
21．D
22．D
【知识点】记叙文；对社会有突出贡献的人物事迹；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了一个年轻女孩Zhang Guifang为了振兴乡村经济而做的努力的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解，文章使用了一些较为简单的词汇和句子结构，适合一般英语学习者阅读。但由于涉及一些特定文化背景和术语（如"Communist Party of China"），可能需要读者具备一定的背景知识。
18．细节题。根据原文第一段But Zhang Guifang, a 24-year-old college graduate, gave up running her business in Tianjin and returned to her village. 但24岁的大学毕业生Zhang Guifang放弃了在天津的生意，回到了自己的村子，可知Zhang Guifang曾在天津做生意，故选A。
19．推断题。根据原文第一段But Zhang Guifang, a 24-year-old college graduate, gave up running her business in Tianjin and returned to her village. 但24岁的大学毕业生Zhang Guifang放弃了在天津的生意，回到了自己的村子，第二段she was chosen as the Party secretary of Sanjia village in December, 2021，2021年12月她任Sanjia村党委书记，第三段She spent five months planning the creation of wall paintings of colourful sunflowers, wings and balloons to make the houses and walls of the village beautiful她花了五个月的时间计划创作彩色向日葵、翅膀和气球的壁画，使村庄的房屋和墙壁变得美丽，和第四段Slowly, she was approved(认可) by many villagers, which improved her confidence and led her to set bigger goals.慢慢地，她得到了许多村民的认可，这增强了她的信心，并引导她设定了更大的目标，这些均是关于Zhang Guifang的经历，故选B。
20．词义猜测题。根据原文第四段and there are no days off.而且没有休息日，可知Zhang Guifang的工作是很繁杂的，几乎总有做不完的事，可推断出endless的词义为"无止境的"，故选C。
21．推断题。根据原文谈论到Zhang Guifang计划制作壁画吸引游客可知她很有创造力，且第四段谈论到她机会没有休息日，且But she told herself that no matter how hard things were, she would hold on for another month.但她告诉自己，无论情况有多艰难，她都要再坚持一个月，可知她很勤奋坚持，故选D。
22．主旨题。通读全文，这篇文章主要讲述了一个年轻的女孩Zhang Guifang为了振兴乡村而做出的一系列努力，属于人与社会的主题范畴，故选D。
【答案】23．D
24．B
25．D
26．C
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章讲述了作者在乐队中担任鼓手的经历，从开始的兴奋到困难重重，再到坚持不懈，最后取得成功的故事。文章突出了团队合作的重要性，并表达了作者对乐队成员的感激和喜爱。
【点评】考查阅读理解，看过题干之后，再返回原文阅读，在阅读的过程中不用过于注重词句的把握，遇到不认识的单词不必作太久的停留，以免影响阅读速度。
23．细节理解题，根据句子At first it was easy, but a month later, it got difficult. 起初很容易，但一个月后，它变得困难了。可知加入乐队一个月后，史蒂夫觉得打鼓很难，故选D。
24．细节理解题，根据句子With her comfort, I decided to go on practicing. 在她的安慰下，我决定继续练习。可知和安吉谈过之后，史蒂夫决定继续练习，故选B。
25．细节理解题，根据句子Knowing my difficulties, my teammates gave me a hand. They spent about three more hours practicing with me every week. Thanks to their support and help, I began to keep pace with them. Later, we performed wonderfully in an important show. 知道我的困难，我的队友给了我帮助。他们每周花大约三个多小时和我一起练习。由于他们的支持和帮助，我开始跟上他们的步伐。后来，我们在一个重要的演出中表现出色。可知在队友和安吉的帮助下，史蒂夫在节目中表现出色，故选D。
26．推理判断题，根据句子In the whole process, I was taught that although we each had our own job to do in a show, it would take all of us working together to make the show great. 在整个过程中，我学到的是，虽然我们每个人在节目中都有自己的工作要做，但要让节目变得精彩，需要我们所有人的共同努力。可推知从他的经历中，史蒂夫了解到团队合作的价值，故选C。
【答案】27．A
28．B
29．B
30．C
【知识点】日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了人们对花钱让孩子做家务的不同看法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词句猜测题。细节题可以从文中找到依据，词句猜测题需要根据上下句推断选项意思。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第一段Many kids do housework such as doing the dishes, making the bed, and folding the clothes.许多孩子做家务，如洗碗，铺床，叠衣服。 可知，第一段提到的家务有铺床，故选A。
28．词句猜测题。根据前面 But some people don't think kids should get rewards(报酬) for doing housework. 但有些人认为孩子不应该因为做家务而得到奖励。 再根据此处是unless引导的条件状语从句，根据句中 work isn't worth doing 工作不值得做 ，可知，此处指" 除非你得到回报 "，所以in return是作为回报的意思，故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据Walton所说"A home is a living space for everyone in the family. It's important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house, and families decide how they want their home to look, and how they are going to keep it looking like what they want. ""家是每个家庭成员的生活空间。重要的是让孩子们看到，我们在家里都有责任，家庭成员决定他们想要他们的家是什么样子，以及他们将如何保持他们想要的样子。"可知，Walton认为孩子在家里有责任。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据文章最后 "Our goal is to give kids lawful power so they can get rewards, " says Chris Bergman. "And kids need rewards to help encourage themselves. ""我们的目标是给孩子们合法的权利，这样他们就能得到奖励，"克里斯·伯格曼说。"孩子们需要奖励来鼓励自己。"可知，克里斯·伯格曼认为孩子应该被鼓励做家务有奖励，故选C。
【答案】31．D
32．C
33．A
34．B
35．D
【知识点】日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了爱好给孩子们带来的好处。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
31．细节理解题。根据They Help You Learn、They Help You Be Creative、They Help You Be Relaxed、They Help You Build Skills可知，文章提到爱好可以在四个方面帮助孩子，故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据文章第三段For many hobbies, such as building model cars and making pottery, you have to use your brain as well as your hands.可知，制作汽车模型要使用大脑和手，故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据文章第四段Too much stress can make people sick.可知，压力太大会让人生病，故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据文章第一段Scientists say that hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up.和文章最后一段For some kids, having a hobby can be the first step to finding a satisfying job in the future.可知，如果孩子们有爱好，那么他们长大后可能会找到更好的工作，故选B。
35．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段Scientists say that hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up.可知，文章主要介绍了爱好给孩子们带来的好处，故选D。
【答案】36．B
37．C
38．D
39．A
40．C
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了Tyler因为在街上被撞了，想到了在拐角处设置停车标志的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
36．细节理解题。根据文章第一段The accident happened because there was no stop sign at the corner and the car didn't stop.可知，Tyler骑自行车在拐角处发生事故，是因为没有停车标志，故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据文章第二段First, Tyler wrote a petition（请愿书）to have a stop sign put up with his parents' help.可知，Tyler做的第一件事是为设置停车标志写了一份请愿书，故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段The next month, Tyler and his parents attended another meeting of the city council. The head of the city council announced that the city had decided to agree to the petition!可知，Tyler上交请愿书一个月后，市议会同意了请愿书，故选D。
39．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 There would be a stop sign at the corner where Tyler had his accident. Now other kids would be safer when they rode their bikes.可知，当新的停车标志挂上时，其他孩子可能会感觉很感激，故选A。
40．推理判断题。根据文章第一段So Tyler decided to try to get the city to put up a stop sign.可推知，我们从课文中学到：孩子们可以在改善他们的社区方面发挥作用，故选C。
【答案】41．B
42．D
43．C
44．B
45．C
【知识点】日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了成功对于青少年的意义。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
41．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段Some schools used to agree with most parents who measured (判定) the success of their children according to grades，but now they pay special attention to moral (道德的) education and character-building to make sure teenagers achieve success in building human relationships.可知，一些学校过去同意大多数家长根据成绩来衡量孩子的成功，但现在他们特别关注道德教育和品格建设，以确保青少年在建立人际关系方面取得成功。they指代上文中提到的复数名词"some schools"，故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据文章第二段 Teenagers also get the pleasure of success when they join their favorite clubs.可知，学生有机会参加活动是为了获得成功的喜悦，故选D。
43．细节理解题。根据文章第三段Another good quality (品质) is a sense of responsibility which makes them remember that a task has to be completed.可知，本段建议青少年及时完成任务，故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Self-motivation (自我激励) is another quality to be developed, for self-motivated teenagers will have the strong will and drive to perform a task and finally get to enjoy a sense of achievement.可知，自我激励对于培养学生的坚强意志很重要，故选B。
45．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段Success is often considered to be the opposite of failure. To teenagers, it is the achievement of a goal or completion of something they really need, such as good grades and the ability to get along well with their classmates.并结合全文内容可知，成功通常被认为是失败的对立面。对青少年来说，成功是实现目标或完成他们真正需要的东西，比如取得好成绩和与同学相处融洽的能力。由此可知，本文主要介绍了成功对于青少年的意义，故选C。
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