备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练二 人与社会 主题07 医疗保险与急救知识
一、阅读理解
（2023·历城模拟）阅读选择
Are you siting more than ever？Take a moment to think about your sitting activities.You're probably sitting while reading this.Sometimes you sit when you are driving or at ending a meeting.Other times you sit when you watch a movie or play computer games.That undoubtedly a lot of sitting.The fact is，the amount of tie spent sitting has increased over time.As of today，an adult will spend 56-86% of their daily times sitting.
We know sitting too much is bad，and most of us naturally feel a little guilty（内疚的） after a long-time TV watching.But what exactly goes wrong when we park ourselves for nearly 8 hours a day？A study on nearly 8，000 adults suggests that there's a direct relationship between the tie spent siting and our risk of early death of any cause.As the total sitting time increases，so does the risk of early death.
"Sit less，move more" is what the Heart Association encourages us to do.But this guideline is just too simple and abstract（抽象的） to make a difference.It is like telling someone to just "exercise" without telling them how.Exercise guidelines are always more practical.For example，the Center for Disease Control advises adults to do exercise for two hours and 30 minutes every week，plus muscle strengthening activities two or more days a week.We need similar guidelines for sitting.
To make up the weakness，a research team is working on more specific guidelines. "It would probably be like this：for every 30 continuous minutes of sitting，standup and move or walk for five minutes at a quick pace，" Diaz，the lead researcher said，adding that the study has put us a step closer to the satisfying（满意的） guidelines.But more researches are needed to confirm（证实） their ways.
1．Which of the following is NOT a sitting activity？ ____
A．Driving. B．Watching a movie.
C．Playing computer games. D．Walking around.
2．What does the writer tell us in Paragraph 2？ ____
A．The bad influence of sitting too much.
B．The feelings of sitting too much.
C．The time and ways of exercising.
D．The weakness of the guidelines.
3．What does the underlined phrase " similar guidelines" probably mean in Paragraph 3？ ____
A．simple guidelines. B．abstract guidelines.
C．practical guidelines. D．personal guidelines.
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph？ ____
A．The guidelines are already good enough.
B．Diaz is quite satisfied about the guidelines.
C．More researches are needed to better the guidelines.
D．Exercise guidelines are too difficult to use.
5．The passage can be read in the part of ____ in a newspaper.
A．culture B．health C．business D．history
【答案】1．D
2．A
3．C
4．C
5．B
【知识点】社会现象类；医疗保健类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文鼓励我们要少坐，多运动，有益健康。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
1．推断题。开车，看电影，玩电脑都需要坐着，可知四处周到不是坐着的活动，故选D。
2．主旨题。根据As the total sitting time increases，so does the risk of early death随着久坐时间的增加，早逝的风险也会增加，可知第二段告诉我们久坐的不良影响，故选A。
3．词义猜测题。根据For example，the Center for Disease Control advises adults to do exercise for two hours and 30 minutes every week，plus muscle strengthening activities two or more days a week.We need similar guidelines for sitting例如，疾病控制中心建议成年人每周锻炼2小时30分钟，每周锻炼两天或两天以上的肌肉强化活动。我们需要类似的坐着指南，可知similar guidelines的意思是practical guidelines实用指南，故选C。
4．推断题。根据To make up the weakness，a research team is working on more specific guidelines为了弥补这一弱点，一个研究小组正在制定更具体的指导方针，可知最后一段告诉我们需要进行更多的研究来改进指导方针，故选C。
5．推断题。本文鼓励我们要少坐，多运动，有益健康，可知这段文章可以在报纸的健康栏目上看到，故选B。
（2023·随州） 阅读理解
You are always told to wash your hands before you eat. You know you must wash your hands after going to the bathroom. You should wash your hands many times during the day. Do you know how to wash your hands correctly
Always use soap to wash your hands. After turning on the tap (水龙头) and wetting your hands, you can rub (摩擦) your hands with soap. Soap may not kill all the germs (细菌), but it can wash away the oil on your skin. As the oil is washed away, the germs will leave your hands and go away.
You should wash your hands for 15-20 seconds. How do you know the length (长度) of 15-20 seconds You can sing ABC Song. By the time you get to the last note, your hands will be clean!
Rub your hands together. You can use one hand to rub the back of the other hand and then exchange two hands. You also need to rub between your fingers. Don't forget to rub under and around your fingernails.
Maybe your hands don't look dirty, but there are germs on them. Germs are too small for you to see. They are on your hands all the time. Many illnesses are caused by germs, so you should often wash your hands.
6．Why does the writer mention ABC Song
A．Because it is the most popular song in the world.
B．Because everyone can sing this song very well.
C．Because washing hands is as easy as singing ABC Song.
D．Because you can sing this song to know the length of washing hands.
7．The underlined word "note" in Paragraph 3 means "____" in Chinese.
A．音符 B．注释 C．笔记 D．便条
8．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage
A．Using soap to wash your hands.
B．Using a clean towel (毛巾) to dry your hands.
C．Washing your hands for about 20 seconds.
D．Rubbing under and around your fingernails.
9．According to the passage, you can know ____.
A．why you should often wash hands
B．what the best soap people usually use is
C．what kind of germs there are on your hands
D．how many germs there are on your hands
10．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．How to stay healthy. B．How to protect your fingers.
C．How to wash hands correctly. D．How to keep away from germs.
【答案】6．D
7．A
8．B
9．A
10．C
【知识点】医疗保健类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲了如何正确洗手。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
6．推断题。根据You should wash your hands for 15-20 seconds. How do you know the length (长度) of 15-20 seconds You can sing ABC Song你应该洗手15-20秒。你怎么知道15-20秒的长度 你可以唱ABC歌，可知作者提到ABC歌，是因为你可以唱这首歌来知道洗手的长度，故选D。
7．词义猜测题。根据sing ABC Song，可知note的中文意思是音符，故选A。
8．细节题。根据文章描述，可知告诉你如何洗手，文中没有提到用干净的毛巾擦干双手，故选B。
9．推断题。根据They are on your hands all the time. Many illnesses are caused by germs, so you should often wash your hands它们一直在你手上。许多疾病都是由细菌引起的，所以你应该经常洗手，可知你可以知道为什么你应该经常洗手，故选A。
10．主旨题。根据Do you know how to wash your hands correctly，可知这篇文章主要讲了如何正确洗手，故选C。
（2023·宜宾） 阅读理解
For most of us, stress is a fact of life. But there are many useful ways to lower stress. Let's take a look.
Sometimes it can be difficult to say exactly what we're feeling. When we feel uneasy or disappointed, we can put problems into words. Keeping a diary is a good way to relax.
If we get angry music has a wonderful influence on our feelings. When we feel sad, it fills our hearts with warmth.
When we get nervous or upset before a test, take a few deep breaths.
Enough sleep helps us keep clear minds. Without plenty of rest, it is hard to pay attention to our study or work.
Actually, the most important way that we can lower stress is to have a healthy lifestyle. Especially exercise is a key part of staying healthy and good for both physical and mental health.
11．How many ways can we use to lower stress
A．4. B．5. C．6. D．7.
12．What can we do if we feel disappointed
A．We can go to bed.
B．We can call our friends.
C．We can walk on the playground.
D．We can write down our problems.
13．What can we choose to do if we feel sad or angry
A．To listen to music. B．To study hard.
C．To keep a diary. D．To read our favorite books.
14．Which way can help us calm down before having a test
A．Drawing pictures. B．Learning to swim.
C．Taking deep breaths. D．Having enough sleep.
15．What's the main idea of the passage
A．It talks about our stress.
B．It tells us how to exercise.
C．It talks about our daily life.
D．It tells us how to lower stress.
【答案】11．B
12．D
13．A
14．C
15．D
【知识点】医疗保健类；科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了一些可以减轻压力的有用的方法。
【点评】 考查阅读理解，答题前一定要弄懂全文，然后再动手解答问题，答题过程中，注意联系前后文，结合短文内容，完成各小题的解答。
11．细节理解题。根据表格内容 ：记日记；听音也；深呼吸；足够的睡眠和健康的生活方式，可知，文章一共提到了五个方法。故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据"When we feel uneasy or disappointed, we can put problems into words. Keeping a diary is a good way to relax."当我们感到不安或失望时，我们可以用语言表达问题。写日记是放松的好方法。可知当我们感到不安或失望时，我们可以用语言表达问题。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据"If we get angry, music has a wonderful influence on our feelings. When we feel sad, it fills our hearts with warmth."如果我们生气，音乐会对我们的感情产生巨大的影响。当我们感到悲伤时，它会让我们的心充满温暖。可知当我们生气或伤心时，可以听音乐。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据"When we get nervous or upset before a test, take a few deepbreaths"当我们在考试前感到紧张或不安时，做几次深呼吸可知考试之前，可以深呼吸。故选C。
15．主旨大意题。根据"But there are many useful ways to lower stress但是有很多有用的方法可以减轻压力"可知本文主要介绍了一些可以减轻压力的有用的方法。故选D。
（2023·历下模拟）阅读下列短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
If you ever run into Brad Pitt, chances are he won't recognize (识别) you the second time around. That's because the famous actor has face blindness (脸盲症).
Face blindness, is the inability to recognize or remember faces, including one's own. It can cause problems in relationships and in the workplace. Some people with face blindness also have difficulty recognizing animals and telling the differences between objects, such as cars. Others have a much harder time and experience nervousness, depression and fear of social situations.
There are two main kinds of face blindness. Acquired face blindness is caused by brain damage (损伤). Harm to the right side of the brain is more likely to influence your ability to recognize faces you used to know. It is lesser-known and may take a turn for the better. The other main kind of face blindness is born with or developmental, which is much more common. Although it was considered hard-to-find before, scientists now estimate (估计) as much as 2.5 percent of Americans may be developing it. The cause of developmental face blindness is still unknown, but it does appear to run in families. A person with the second kind of face blindness never fully develops the ability to recognize faces.
Adults with face blindness may not realize that other people can recognize and remember faces. They may think they are the "normal" ones. However, a person who develops face blindness following a damage may notice the loss of the ability right away. Children with the illness may have trouble making friends, since they can't easily recognize others. They usually befriend people with easily recognizable features (特征). They may also find it difficult to tell family members apart according to sight or tell the differences between characters in movies.
At present, there is no treatment for face blindness. However, there are training programs to help these people, such as focusing on the voice, hairstyle and clothing. It may help to make a list of features in mind, such as tall, brown hair, blue eyes, and remember them rather than trying to recall the face. Sometimes it's the easiest to simply let people know that you have trouble with faces.
16．From Paragraphs 1&2, what problem might people with face blindness have
A．Getting lost very often. B．Keeping a pet.
C．Having bad relationships. D．Remembering car numbers.
17．According to Paragraph 3, which is true about the two main kinds of face blindness
A．The number of acquired face blindness is bigger.
B．The cause of developmental face blindness is known.
C．If Paul is born with face blindness, his family may have it.
D．Neither of the two kinds has chances to get better.
18．Who will most probably become Laura's friend if she develops face blindness
A．Sarah who is the shortest at school.
B．Billy who has a cute sister.
C．Angela who has a beautiful face.
D．Jeff who is strong in music.
19．According to the passage, what can we learn about the people with face blindness
A．They are seen as "normal" as others.
B．Certain trainings could help them.
C．They can't use the right side of the brain.
D．25 out of 100 Americans develop it.
20．Which of the following way is not used by the writer to introduce face blindness
A．Giving facts. B．Telling stories.
C．Explaining new words. D．Comparing differences.
【答案】16．C
17．C
18．A
19．B
20．B
【知识点】医疗保健类；科普类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了脸盲症这一疾病。
【点评】考查阅读理解。可以先快速浏览文章，掌握大意。然后根据问题，快速找到相关内容，最后结合选项，选出正确答案。
16．根据"It can cause problems in relationships and in the workplace. "可知,它会在人际关系和工作场所造成问题。也就是说，有脸盲症的人可能会有不良的人际关系。故选C。
17．根据"The cause of developmental face blindness is still unknown, but it does appear to run in families."可知，发展性脸盲的病因尚不清楚，但它似乎在家庭中传播。也就是说，如果Paul天生有脸盲症，他的家人也会有。故选C。
18．根据"They usually befriend people with easily recognizable features (特征) ""可知， 有脸盲症的孩子通常会和那些特征很容易识别的人交朋友，因此Laura很有可能和最矮的Sarah交朋友。故选A。
19．根据"However, there are training programs to help these people, such as focusing on the voice, hairstyle and clothing." 可知，现在有一些培训项目 可以帮助有脸盲症的人，比如专注于声音、发型和服装。故选B。
20．在文章的第一段中, 作者陈述了有些人患有脸盲症这-事实,作者在第二段中解释了"脸盲症"一词，在第四段中，作者对比了脸盲症的成人患者和儿童患者的区别。因此文章没有采用讲故事的写作手法。故选B。
（2023·哈尔滨模拟）阅读理解
Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction (上瘾). When we eat or drink sugary food, the sugar enters our blood and influences parts of our brain that make us feel good. Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more. All tasty foods do this, but sugar has a stronger effect.
"It seems like every time I study an illness, I find my way back to sugar," says Richard Johnson, a famous scientist. One-third of adults in his country have high blood pressure, and up to 347 million have diabetes (糖尿病). Why "Sugar, we believe, is one of the main reasons," says Johnson.
Our bodies are designed to live on very little sugar. Early humans often had little food, so the bodies learned to keep sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough. So the very important thing that once saved us may now be killing us.
It's clear that we need to eat less sugar. The trouble is, in today's world, it's very difficult to avoid sugar because our foods are increasingly filled with it. In most advertisements, some manufactures even use sugar to take the place of the fat in foods. As a result, the fat in the foods is less. This may make the food appear healthier, but much sugar is often added.
But there are those who are fighting back against sugar. Many schools are offering more fruit instead of desserts. Other schools are building places for students to do exercise. The battle (战斗) has not yet been lost.
21．Our love of sugar is an addiction because ________.
A．all tasty food are full of sugar
B．it has a strong effect on our blood
C．it makes us feel good and want more of it
22．The underlined word "manufactures" in the passage means "________" in Chinese.
A．运输者 B．制造商 C．消费者
23．What can we learn from the passage
A．Sugar is the only cause of illnesses.
B．Our bodies need very little sugar in order to live.
C．Doctors suggest that we should stop eating food with sugar.
24．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．ways to avoid sugar
B．our addiction to sugar
C．good sugar and bad sugar
25．What does the writer most probably think of creating a low-sugar world
A．Useless and wasteful.
B．Necessary and hopeful.
C．Helpful but impossible.
【答案】21．C
22．B
23．B
24．B
25．B
【知识点】医疗保健类；科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了我们对糖上瘾原因，吃糖多的危害，以及避免吃糖困难的原因。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
21．细节题。根据When we eat or drink sugary foods, the sugar enters our blood and influences parts of our brain that make us feel good. Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more，可知我们对糖的爱是一种上瘾，因为它让我们感觉很好，想要更多的糖，故选C。
22．词义猜测题。根据use sugar to take the place of the fat in foods用糖代替食物中的脂肪，可知这是生产者做的事情，故manufactures的意思是制造商，故选B。
23．细节题。根据Our bodies are designed to live on very little sugar，可知我们的身体需要很少的糖来维持生命，故选B。
24．主旨题。这篇文章主要讲述了我们对糖上瘾原因，吃糖多的危害，以及避免吃到糖困难的原因。这篇文章主要是关于我们对糖上瘾，故选B。
25．推断题。根据It's clear that we need to eat less sugar很明显，我们需要少吃糖，Many schools are offering more fruit instead of desserts. Other schools are building places for students to do exercise. The battle (战斗) has not yet been lost许多学校提供更多的水果而不是甜点。其他学校正在建造学生锻炼的场所。这场战斗还没有失败，可知对于创造一个低糖世界，作者最有可能想到的是这是必要的，也是有希望的，故选B。
（2022·哈尔滨模拟）根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
From
high-fat meals to low-fat lunches, much of our health depends on what we eat.
We know it's great to eat correctly for our physical health, but cooking food
can be good for our mental(心理的) health as well.
Mark
Salter, a doctor, told the BBC:" Baking(烘焙) and cooking are good feelings. They help patients develop planning
skills, short-term memories and social skills-short of which may cause mental
illness. "
TV famous
cook and writer Nadiya Hussain agrees that cooking is great for helping our
mind. She loves to bake and became the winner of the TV show, The Great British
Bake Off. And she thinks that baking is an important tool for our mental
health.
Certainly,
creating some delicious food takes our mind off unhappy things and gives us
something to do, helping us get through the recent doldrums. It makes
you feel pleased again. People have said that mixing dough(生面团) to make bread, for example, has given them a
sense of calm and control. Research has shown that doing creative tasks, like
cooking, makes us feel happier.
Of course,
cooking can be a very sociable activity and sharing the end result, a rewarding
experience. Hopefully, as we start to mix with friends and family again, we can
enjoy the benefits once more and put us all in the right state of mind.
26．The underlined word "doldrums" in the passage means "_____"in Chinese.
A．幸福 B．郁闷 C．恐惧
27．What is baking in Nadiya Hussain's eyes
A．It's helpful for our mind.
B．It's a tool for physical health.
C．It's always about the cake.
28．Creative tasks can help people because they_____.
A．give people a lasting sense of calm and peace
B．mark the start of the experience of cooking food
C．help people take their mind off unhappy things
29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Mark Salter says that being short of social skills can lead to physical illness.
B．Hussain once got the first prize for her books on baking.
C．The Great British Bake Off is a TV show about cooking.
30．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Eating correctly for physical health.
B．Enjoying the course of cooking.
C．Sharing delicious food with others.
【答案】26．B
27．A
28．C
29．C
30．B
【知识点】医疗保健类；议论文
【解析】【分析】大意：文章告诉我们正确的饮食对我们的身体健康很好，烹饪食物对我们的精神也有好处，因此要享受烹饪过程。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
26．词义猜测题。根据Certainly, creating some delicious food takes our mind off unhappy things and gives us something to d当然，创造一些美味的食物可以让我们摆脱不愉快的事情，让我们有事情可做，可知是可以摆脱最近郁闷的事情，因此doldrums意为“郁闷”。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据第三段 TV famous cook and writer Nadiya Hussain agrees that cooking is great for helping our mind. 电视著名厨师兼作家纳迪娅·侯赛因（Nadya Hussain）同意烹饪对帮助我们的大脑非常有益，可知她认为饪对帮助我们的大脑非常有益。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据第四段Certainly, creating some delicious food takes our mind off unhappy things and gives us something to do, helping us get through the recent doldrums. 可知创造一些美味的食物可以让我们摆脱不愉快的事情，让我们有事情可做，帮助我们度过最近的郁闷。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段She loves to bake and became the winner of the TV show, The Great British Bake Off. And she thinks that baking is an important tool for our mental health.她热爱烘焙，并成为电视节目《英国烘焙大赛》的冠军。她认为烘焙是我们心理健康的重要工具，可知《英国烘焙大赛》是关于烹饪的。故选C。
30．主旨大意题。根据最后一段Of course, cooking can be a very sociable activity and sharing the end result, a rewarding experience. Hopefully, as we start to mix with friends and family again, we can enjoy the benefits once more and put us all in the right state of mind.当然，烹饪可以是一种非常社交的活动，分享最终结果，一种有益的体验。希望，当我们再次开始与朋友和家人交往时，我们可以再次享受这些好处，并让我们都处于正确的心态，可知文章想通过烹饪的好处，来告诉我们要享受烹饪过程。故选B。
（2022·泸县）阅读理解
March
21 is World Sleep Day. Here are some facts about sleep.
Sleep at advised times
In
2021, the Ministry of Education（MOE）advised that junior and senior high school students should go to bed
before 10 pm and 11 pm respectively（分别的）.
How do astronauts
sleep
Just
like on Earth, a person in space goes to bed at night and then wakes up the
next day. But in space there is no up or down, and you do not feel the pull of
gravity（重力）. As a result, astronauts
usually sleep in fixed sleeping bags.
Earworms happen while
sleeping
Some
people enjoy listening to music a lot. While we' re awake, the music we know
well keeps ringing in our ears, which is called earworms（耳虫现象）. This can happen during sleep as well, which could cause problems
in getting to sleep and staying asleep.
Sleep with your pet
Pets,
like dogs and cats, do not sleep continuously and they will often get up and
walk on the bed, which can make you sleep even worse.
But
recent studies found that having pets in the bed may help people who are often
worried. The pets, like soft toys, can help cut down their worry.
Socks can help us
sleep
Studies
have shown that wearing socks to bed can help you fall asleep faster!
Hands
and feet help exchange（交换）heat between the far
ends of the body and the heart. Wearing socks means an increase of blood to
your hands and feet, which cuts down your core（核心的）body
temperature. The lower the core body temperature is, the faster you fall asleep.
31．According to MOE, junior high school students should___________.
A．go to bed before 10 pm B．go to bed before 11 pm
C．sleep at least 10 hours a day D．sleep at least 11 hours a day
32．Why do astronauts sleep in fixed sleeping bags
A．Because there is no bed in the space station.
B．Because there is no pull of gravity in space.
C．Because sleeping bags are comfortable.
D．Because the spaceship is too small.
33．According to the passage, earworms can__________.
A．be bad for sleep quality B．improve music ability
C．help people fall asleep quickly D．appear only during the day
34．How does wearing socks help us sleep
A．By making feet warmer than hands.
B．By increasing blood to hands and feet.
C．By making core body temperature higher.
D．By exchanging heat between hands and feet.
35．Which of the following statements about sleep is true according to the passage
A．World Sleep Day falls in the fifth month each year.
B．The sleeping bag is the best choice for sleep.
C．Sleeping with pets helps worried people.
D．Music can help people sleep longer.
【答案】31．A
32．B
33．A
34．B
35．C
【知识点】医疗保健类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一种睡眠现象。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要涉及细节理解题，解答此类题目需要从原文中找答案。
31．细节理解题。根据“In 2021, the Ministry of Education（MOE）advised that junior and senior high school students should go to bed before 10 pm and 11 pm respectively（分别的）.”可知MOE建议初中生应该晚上十点前睡觉，高中生十一点前睡觉，故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据“ But in space there is no up or down, and you do not feel the pull of gravity（重力）. As a result, astronauts usually sleep in fixed sleeping bags. ”可知宇宙中没有上下，感觉不到重力，因此宇航员需要在睡袋中休息，故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据“This can happen during sleep as well, which could cause problems in getting to sleep and staying asleep.”可知耳虫现象可能也会在睡觉的时候发生，能引起睡眠问题，故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据“ Wearing socks means an increase of blood to your hands and feet, which cuts down your core（核心的）body temperature. The lower the core body temperature is, the faster you fall asleep.”可知穿袜子能够增加流向手脚的血液，削减核心身体温度，核心身体温度越低，越容易入睡，故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据“But recent studies found that having pets in the bed may help people who are often worried. The pets, like soft toys, can help cut down their worry.”可知跟宠物一起休息可以帮助经常焦虑的人们，能够削减他们的焦虑，C选项意思与之吻合，因此C选项正确，故选C。
（2022·常州）阅读理解
Being
sad or in a low mood is a normal (正常的) part of
life. Many people feel down from time to time. For example, when people face
challenging events in their lives, such as financial(经济的) difficulty or major changes, it's common to feel down. But in most
cases the bad feelings slowly disappear.
As
for depression(抑郁症), however, the bad mood
lasts for weeks, months, or ever longer because it is a mental(精神的) illness. As the World Health Organization (WHO) noted, depression
is a mood disorder. It shows in different ways, including loss of interest in
normal activities and feelings of low self-worth. It often lasts for a long
time and greatly harms a person's ability at work or school or in the daily
life. People with depression usually don't like to talk about their problems
with others. More seriously, depression may even lead to the act of killing
oneself.
"Depression
is not just a bout(一阵) of sadness or a sign
of weakness, and you can't just simply stop feeling depressed." said the
health news website www..
But
depression is not a person's problem. It's also more common than most people
think. It is hurting about 280 million people around the world, according to
WHO.
Though
depression is worrying, we don't have to be afraid of it. Depression can be
treated by getting professional(专业的) help,
taking medicine or a mixed treatment of both. In fact, when you begin to feel
the danger of depression, you can try to deal with it early by yourself.
Listening to music, doing some sports and drawing some pictures might help you
feel better. Another useful way is talk therapy. When we are attacked by a low
mood, having a conversation with others is of great help. Being honest about
how we feel does not make us weak, it makes us human.
36．Who is most probably experiencing depression
A．Lily, who is going to have an important exam and hasn't slept well for 3 days.
B．May, who dislikes her new school and has complained to her parents 3 times.
C．Ben, who thinks life worthless and has cried alone over 3 times a week in the past month.
D．Tom, who finds subjects hard and has talked to his teacher about it 3 times this week.
37．What does the writer think of depression
A．Normal and nothing serious. B．Uncommon although harmful.
C．Unavoidable and untreatable. D．Treatable although worrying.
38．What's the passage mainly about
A．Knowledge of depression. B．Ways of treating depression.
C．Reasons for depression. D．Results of depression.
【答案】36．C
37．D
38．A
【知识点】医疗保健类；说明文
【解析】【分析】主要讲了抑郁症正在伤害全世界约2.8亿人，以及一些有关抑郁症的治疗措施等。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先浏览题目，然后读懂题意，最后从文中抓住关键词句，最终确定答案。
36．细节题。根据As the World Health Organization(WHO) noted, depression is a mood disorder. It shows in different ways, including loss of interest in normal activities and feelings of low self-worth. It often lasts for a long time and greatly harms a person's ability at work or school or in the daily life正如世界卫生组织所指出的，抑郁症是一种情绪障碍。它以不同的方式表现出来，包括对正常活动失去兴趣和自我价值感低下。它通常会持续很长时间，严重损害一个人在工作、学校或日常生活中的能力，可知抑郁症是一种情绪障碍。它以不同的方式表现出来，包括对正常活动失去兴趣和自我价值感低下，抑郁症患者通常不喜欢与他人谈论他们的问题，故选C。
37．观点态度题。根据Though depression is worrying, we don't have to be afraid of it. Depression can be treated by getting professional(专业的) help,taking medicine or a mixed treatment of both.可知虽然抑郁症令人担忧，但我们不必害怕它。抑郁症可以通过专业的帮助来治疗，服用药物或两者混合治疗，即虽然令人担忧但可以治疗，故选D。
38．主旨题。通读全文可知文章主要介绍了什么是抑郁症、抑郁症的表现及抑郁症的治疗方法等，A最合适，B、C、D比较片面。故选A。
（2022·泰安模拟）阅读理解
Many of us don't pay
atention to the importance of eye care. It's said that if you take care of your
body, then you can be healthy. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of
care. Natural eye care should be put in a number one place.
There are several causes
leading to poor eyesight, like not enough food, genes(基因) and aging(年龄增长). Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having
poor eyesight.
If you happen to work in
front of the computer, it is best to take a rest every once in a while.
Something dirty can cause redness and they will make you feel uncomfortable. It
is bad for your eyes, too. If this happens, the best way is to clean your eyes
by using cold water. You must also try your best to protect your eyes from
harmful things. For example, sunglasses are not just fashion, but they can also
serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays.
Eating healthy foods will do
good for your eyesight. Remember that vitamins(维生素)A, C and E are good for eyes. Try to
eat food groups that have these vitamins. And you should do eye exercises
because exercise protects your eyesight, too. If a person exercises regularly(规律地) and eats the right kind of food, his eyes will stay in good
condition for a long time.
All above are natural ways
of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. Being happy all the time can be
helpful to a person's eyesight, t, In a word, eye care is very important, no
matter how old a person is.
39．What is the most important way to protect our eyes
A．Natural eye care B．Taking medicine
C．Seeing the doctor D．Being happy all the time
40．All the following causes can lead to bad eyesight except_______.
A．age B．height C．reading D．computer
41．What do the underlined words "UV rays" mean
A．沙上 B．闪电 C．紫外线 D．超声波
42．Which is the best title of the passage
A．Ways of Eye Care B．Ways of Eye Exercises
C．Way of Being Happy D．Way of Being Healthy
【答案】39．A
40．B
41．C
42．A
【知识点】医疗保健类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章主要是讲引起视力问题的原因，以及眼睛护理的方法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
39．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Natural eye care should be put in a number one place. 自然眼部护理应该放在第一位。可知，Natural eye care 是保护眼的最重要的方式。故选A。
40．细节理解题。根据第二段There are several causes leading to poor eyesight, like not enough food, genes and aging. Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having poor eyesight. 有几个原因导致视力不佳，如：没有足够的食物、 基因 和老化 。电视机、 电脑和阅读也是有视力不佳的原因。可知，height 身高，不是引起视力不佳的原因。故选B。
41．判断推理题。根据第三段最后一句sunglasses are not just fashion, but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays.太阳镜不仅仅时尚，也是保护视力免受紫外线伤害的好方法。 可知，UV rays是紫外线的意思。故选C。
42．主旨大意题。文章主要是讲引起视力问题的原因，以及保护眼睛的方法。可知，Ways of Eye Care眼睛护理的方法 。故选A。
（2022·封开模拟）阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
Do you want to live a happier life Try laughing for no reason at all. That's
how thousands of people start their day at Laughter Clubs around the world.
Many doctors are interested in the effects of laughter on our
health. According to a 5-year study，laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%. They
think that having a good laugh might be one of the best ways to stay healthy.
The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai，India，in
1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. ""Everyone's naturally good at laughing. We
want people to feel happy with their lives，"says
Dr. Kataria. There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over 1，300 worldwide.
So，what
happens at a Laughter Club I went to my nearest club in South London to find
out. I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class，to
be honest-I didn't like laughing with a group of strangers. Our laughter
teacher told us to clap our hands and say" ho ho ho, ha ha ha" while
looking at each other. Although our bodies can't tell the difference between
fake（假的）laughter
and real laughter，they still have the same healthy
effects.
After ten minutes，everybody in the room was laughing genuinely（真诚地）, and some people just couldn't
stop laughing! At the end of the class I was surprised by how relaxed and
comfortable I felt. So if you're under stress, then start laughing. You might
be very pleased with the results!
43．In which country did Dr. Madan Kataria start the first Laughter Club
A．Britain. B．America. C．China. D．India.
44．How did the writer feel at the beginning of the class
A．Surprised. B．Happy. C．Nervous. D．Comfortable.
45．The underlined word“effects”means________ in Chinese.
A．影响 B．原因 C．成绩 D．感受
46．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．All of the people in Laughter Clubs are good friends.
B．Fake laughter and real laughter are both good for health.
C．There are over 1,300 Laughter Clubs in India.
D．Laughter improves our health against illness by about 30%.
47．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To ask us to join the Laughter Club.
B．To show us different ways of laughing.
C．To advise us to laugh for a happy life.
D．To tell us the man behind the Laughter Club.
【答案】43．D
44．C
45．A
46．B
47．C
【知识点】医疗保健类；议论文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了笑可以减缓自己的压力。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。
43．细节理解题。根据文中语句The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai，India，in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. 可知，第一个微笑俱乐部是在印度创建的，故答案为D。
44．细节理解题。根据文中语句 I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class，to be honest-I didn't like laughing with a group of strangers. 可知，作者第一次上课感到非常的紧张，故答案为C。
45．词义推断题。根据文中语句Many doctors are interested in the effects of laughter on our health. According to a 5-year study，laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%. They think that having a good laugh might be one of the best ways to stay healthy.可知，effect的含义是“影响”，故答案为A。
46．理解判断题。根据文中语句 Although our bodies can't tell the difference between fake（假的）laughter and real laughter，they still have the same healthy effects.可知，真笑与假笑都对健康有好处，语句Fake laughter and real laughter are both good for health.的描述是正确的，故答案为B。
47．主旨归纳题。通读全文可知，此文主要是建议大家用笑面对生活。故答案为C。
1 / 1备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练二 人与社会 主题07 医疗保险与急救知识
一、阅读理解
（2023·历城模拟）阅读选择
Are you siting more than ever？Take a moment to think about your sitting activities.You're probably sitting while reading this.Sometimes you sit when you are driving or at ending a meeting.Other times you sit when you watch a movie or play computer games.That undoubtedly a lot of sitting.The fact is，the amount of tie spent sitting has increased over time.As of today，an adult will spend 56-86% of their daily times sitting.
We know sitting too much is bad，and most of us naturally feel a little guilty（内疚的） after a long-time TV watching.But what exactly goes wrong when we park ourselves for nearly 8 hours a day？A study on nearly 8，000 adults suggests that there's a direct relationship between the tie spent siting and our risk of early death of any cause.As the total sitting time increases，so does the risk of early death.
"Sit less，move more" is what the Heart Association encourages us to do.But this guideline is just too simple and abstract（抽象的） to make a difference.It is like telling someone to just "exercise" without telling them how.Exercise guidelines are always more practical.For example，the Center for Disease Control advises adults to do exercise for two hours and 30 minutes every week，plus muscle strengthening activities two or more days a week.We need similar guidelines for sitting.
To make up the weakness，a research team is working on more specific guidelines. "It would probably be like this：for every 30 continuous minutes of sitting，standup and move or walk for five minutes at a quick pace，" Diaz，the lead researcher said，adding that the study has put us a step closer to the satisfying（满意的） guidelines.But more researches are needed to confirm（证实） their ways.
1．Which of the following is NOT a sitting activity？ ____
A．Driving. B．Watching a movie.
C．Playing computer games. D．Walking around.
2．What does the writer tell us in Paragraph 2？ ____
A．The bad influence of sitting too much.
B．The feelings of sitting too much.
C．The time and ways of exercising.
D．The weakness of the guidelines.
3．What does the underlined phrase " similar guidelines" probably mean in Paragraph 3？ ____
A．simple guidelines. B．abstract guidelines.
C．practical guidelines. D．personal guidelines.
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph？ ____
A．The guidelines are already good enough.
B．Diaz is quite satisfied about the guidelines.
C．More researches are needed to better the guidelines.
D．Exercise guidelines are too difficult to use.
5．The passage can be read in the part of ____ in a newspaper.
A．culture B．health C．business D．history
（2023·随州） 阅读理解
You are always told to wash your hands before you eat. You know you must wash your hands after going to the bathroom. You should wash your hands many times during the day. Do you know how to wash your hands correctly
Always use soap to wash your hands. After turning on the tap (水龙头) and wetting your hands, you can rub (摩擦) your hands with soap. Soap may not kill all the germs (细菌), but it can wash away the oil on your skin. As the oil is washed away, the germs will leave your hands and go away.
You should wash your hands for 15-20 seconds. How do you know the length (长度) of 15-20 seconds You can sing ABC Song. By the time you get to the last note, your hands will be clean!
Rub your hands together. You can use one hand to rub the back of the other hand and then exchange two hands. You also need to rub between your fingers. Don't forget to rub under and around your fingernails.
Maybe your hands don't look dirty, but there are germs on them. Germs are too small for you to see. They are on your hands all the time. Many illnesses are caused by germs, so you should often wash your hands.
6．Why does the writer mention ABC Song
A．Because it is the most popular song in the world.
B．Because everyone can sing this song very well.
C．Because washing hands is as easy as singing ABC Song.
D．Because you can sing this song to know the length of washing hands.
7．The underlined word "note" in Paragraph 3 means "____" in Chinese.
A．音符 B．注释 C．笔记 D．便条
8．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage
A．Using soap to wash your hands.
B．Using a clean towel (毛巾) to dry your hands.
C．Washing your hands for about 20 seconds.
D．Rubbing under and around your fingernails.
9．According to the passage, you can know ____.
A．why you should often wash hands
B．what the best soap people usually use is
C．what kind of germs there are on your hands
D．how many germs there are on your hands
10．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．How to stay healthy. B．How to protect your fingers.
C．How to wash hands correctly. D．How to keep away from germs.
（2023·宜宾） 阅读理解
For most of us, stress is a fact of life. But there are many useful ways to lower stress. Let's take a look.
Sometimes it can be difficult to say exactly what we're feeling. When we feel uneasy or disappointed, we can put problems into words. Keeping a diary is a good way to relax.
If we get angry music has a wonderful influence on our feelings. When we feel sad, it fills our hearts with warmth.
When we get nervous or upset before a test, take a few deep breaths.
Enough sleep helps us keep clear minds. Without plenty of rest, it is hard to pay attention to our study or work.
Actually, the most important way that we can lower stress is to have a healthy lifestyle. Especially exercise is a key part of staying healthy and good for both physical and mental health.
11．How many ways can we use to lower stress
A．4. B．5. C．6. D．7.
12．What can we do if we feel disappointed
A．We can go to bed.
B．We can call our friends.
C．We can walk on the playground.
D．We can write down our problems.
13．What can we choose to do if we feel sad or angry
A．To listen to music. B．To study hard.
C．To keep a diary. D．To read our favorite books.
14．Which way can help us calm down before having a test
A．Drawing pictures. B．Learning to swim.
C．Taking deep breaths. D．Having enough sleep.
15．What's the main idea of the passage
A．It talks about our stress.
B．It tells us how to exercise.
C．It talks about our daily life.
D．It tells us how to lower stress.
（2023·历下模拟）阅读下列短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
If you ever run into Brad Pitt, chances are he won't recognize (识别) you the second time around. That's because the famous actor has face blindness (脸盲症).
Face blindness, is the inability to recognize or remember faces, including one's own. It can cause problems in relationships and in the workplace. Some people with face blindness also have difficulty recognizing animals and telling the differences between objects, such as cars. Others have a much harder time and experience nervousness, depression and fear of social situations.
There are two main kinds of face blindness. Acquired face blindness is caused by brain damage (损伤). Harm to the right side of the brain is more likely to influence your ability to recognize faces you used to know. It is lesser-known and may take a turn for the better. The other main kind of face blindness is born with or developmental, which is much more common. Although it was considered hard-to-find before, scientists now estimate (估计) as much as 2.5 percent of Americans may be developing it. The cause of developmental face blindness is still unknown, but it does appear to run in families. A person with the second kind of face blindness never fully develops the ability to recognize faces.
Adults with face blindness may not realize that other people can recognize and remember faces. They may think they are the "normal" ones. However, a person who develops face blindness following a damage may notice the loss of the ability right away. Children with the illness may have trouble making friends, since they can't easily recognize others. They usually befriend people with easily recognizable features (特征). They may also find it difficult to tell family members apart according to sight or tell the differences between characters in movies.
At present, there is no treatment for face blindness. However, there are training programs to help these people, such as focusing on the voice, hairstyle and clothing. It may help to make a list of features in mind, such as tall, brown hair, blue eyes, and remember them rather than trying to recall the face. Sometimes it's the easiest to simply let people know that you have trouble with faces.
16．From Paragraphs 1&2, what problem might people with face blindness have
A．Getting lost very often. B．Keeping a pet.
C．Having bad relationships. D．Remembering car numbers.
17．According to Paragraph 3, which is true about the two main kinds of face blindness
A．The number of acquired face blindness is bigger.
B．The cause of developmental face blindness is known.
C．If Paul is born with face blindness, his family may have it.
D．Neither of the two kinds has chances to get better.
18．Who will most probably become Laura's friend if she develops face blindness
A．Sarah who is the shortest at school.
B．Billy who has a cute sister.
C．Angela who has a beautiful face.
D．Jeff who is strong in music.
19．According to the passage, what can we learn about the people with face blindness
A．They are seen as "normal" as others.
B．Certain trainings could help them.
C．They can't use the right side of the brain.
D．25 out of 100 Americans develop it.
20．Which of the following way is not used by the writer to introduce face blindness
A．Giving facts. B．Telling stories.
C．Explaining new words. D．Comparing differences.
（2023·哈尔滨模拟）阅读理解
Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction (上瘾). When we eat or drink sugary food, the sugar enters our blood and influences parts of our brain that make us feel good. Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more. All tasty foods do this, but sugar has a stronger effect.
"It seems like every time I study an illness, I find my way back to sugar," says Richard Johnson, a famous scientist. One-third of adults in his country have high blood pressure, and up to 347 million have diabetes (糖尿病). Why "Sugar, we believe, is one of the main reasons," says Johnson.
Our bodies are designed to live on very little sugar. Early humans often had little food, so the bodies learned to keep sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough. So the very important thing that once saved us may now be killing us.
It's clear that we need to eat less sugar. The trouble is, in today's world, it's very difficult to avoid sugar because our foods are increasingly filled with it. In most advertisements, some manufactures even use sugar to take the place of the fat in foods. As a result, the fat in the foods is less. This may make the food appear healthier, but much sugar is often added.
But there are those who are fighting back against sugar. Many schools are offering more fruit instead of desserts. Other schools are building places for students to do exercise. The battle (战斗) has not yet been lost.
21．Our love of sugar is an addiction because ________.
A．all tasty food are full of sugar
B．it has a strong effect on our blood
C．it makes us feel good and want more of it
22．The underlined word "manufactures" in the passage means "________" in Chinese.
A．运输者 B．制造商 C．消费者
23．What can we learn from the passage
A．Sugar is the only cause of illnesses.
B．Our bodies need very little sugar in order to live.
C．Doctors suggest that we should stop eating food with sugar.
24．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．ways to avoid sugar
B．our addiction to sugar
C．good sugar and bad sugar
25．What does the writer most probably think of creating a low-sugar world
A．Useless and wasteful.
B．Necessary and hopeful.
C．Helpful but impossible.
（2022·哈尔滨模拟）根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
From
high-fat meals to low-fat lunches, much of our health depends on what we eat.
We know it's great to eat correctly for our physical health, but cooking food
can be good for our mental(心理的) health as well.
Mark
Salter, a doctor, told the BBC:" Baking(烘焙) and cooking are good feelings. They help patients develop planning
skills, short-term memories and social skills-short of which may cause mental
illness. "
TV famous
cook and writer Nadiya Hussain agrees that cooking is great for helping our
mind. She loves to bake and became the winner of the TV show, The Great British
Bake Off. And she thinks that baking is an important tool for our mental
health.
Certainly,
creating some delicious food takes our mind off unhappy things and gives us
something to do, helping us get through the recent doldrums. It makes
you feel pleased again. People have said that mixing dough(生面团) to make bread, for example, has given them a
sense of calm and control. Research has shown that doing creative tasks, like
cooking, makes us feel happier.
Of course,
cooking can be a very sociable activity and sharing the end result, a rewarding
experience. Hopefully, as we start to mix with friends and family again, we can
enjoy the benefits once more and put us all in the right state of mind.
26．The underlined word "doldrums" in the passage means "_____"in Chinese.
A．幸福 B．郁闷 C．恐惧
27．What is baking in Nadiya Hussain's eyes
A．It's helpful for our mind.
B．It's a tool for physical health.
C．It's always about the cake.
28．Creative tasks can help people because they_____.
A．give people a lasting sense of calm and peace
B．mark the start of the experience of cooking food
C．help people take their mind off unhappy things
29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Mark Salter says that being short of social skills can lead to physical illness.
B．Hussain once got the first prize for her books on baking.
C．The Great British Bake Off is a TV show about cooking.
30．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Eating correctly for physical health.
B．Enjoying the course of cooking.
C．Sharing delicious food with others.
（2022·泸县）阅读理解
March
21 is World Sleep Day. Here are some facts about sleep.
Sleep at advised times
In
2021, the Ministry of Education（MOE）advised that junior and senior high school students should go to bed
before 10 pm and 11 pm respectively（分别的）.
How do astronauts
sleep
Just
like on Earth, a person in space goes to bed at night and then wakes up the
next day. But in space there is no up or down, and you do not feel the pull of
gravity（重力）. As a result, astronauts
usually sleep in fixed sleeping bags.
Earworms happen while
sleeping
Some
people enjoy listening to music a lot. While we' re awake, the music we know
well keeps ringing in our ears, which is called earworms（耳虫现象）. This can happen during sleep as well, which could cause problems
in getting to sleep and staying asleep.
Sleep with your pet
Pets,
like dogs and cats, do not sleep continuously and they will often get up and
walk on the bed, which can make you sleep even worse.
But
recent studies found that having pets in the bed may help people who are often
worried. The pets, like soft toys, can help cut down their worry.
Socks can help us
sleep
Studies
have shown that wearing socks to bed can help you fall asleep faster!
Hands
and feet help exchange（交换）heat between the far
ends of the body and the heart. Wearing socks means an increase of blood to
your hands and feet, which cuts down your core（核心的）body
temperature. The lower the core body temperature is, the faster you fall asleep.
31．According to MOE, junior high school students should___________.
A．go to bed before 10 pm B．go to bed before 11 pm
C．sleep at least 10 hours a day D．sleep at least 11 hours a day
32．Why do astronauts sleep in fixed sleeping bags
A．Because there is no bed in the space station.
B．Because there is no pull of gravity in space.
C．Because sleeping bags are comfortable.
D．Because the spaceship is too small.
33．According to the passage, earworms can__________.
A．be bad for sleep quality B．improve music ability
C．help people fall asleep quickly D．appear only during the day
34．How does wearing socks help us sleep
A．By making feet warmer than hands.
B．By increasing blood to hands and feet.
C．By making core body temperature higher.
D．By exchanging heat between hands and feet.
35．Which of the following statements about sleep is true according to the passage
A．World Sleep Day falls in the fifth month each year.
B．The sleeping bag is the best choice for sleep.
C．Sleeping with pets helps worried people.
D．Music can help people sleep longer.
（2022·常州）阅读理解
Being
sad or in a low mood is a normal (正常的) part of
life. Many people feel down from time to time. For example, when people face
challenging events in their lives, such as financial(经济的) difficulty or major changes, it's common to feel down. But in most
cases the bad feelings slowly disappear.
As
for depression(抑郁症), however, the bad mood
lasts for weeks, months, or ever longer because it is a mental(精神的) illness. As the World Health Organization (WHO) noted, depression
is a mood disorder. It shows in different ways, including loss of interest in
normal activities and feelings of low self-worth. It often lasts for a long
time and greatly harms a person's ability at work or school or in the daily
life. People with depression usually don't like to talk about their problems
with others. More seriously, depression may even lead to the act of killing
oneself.
"Depression
is not just a bout(一阵) of sadness or a sign
of weakness, and you can't just simply stop feeling depressed." said the
health news website www..
But
depression is not a person's problem. It's also more common than most people
think. It is hurting about 280 million people around the world, according to
WHO.
Though
depression is worrying, we don't have to be afraid of it. Depression can be
treated by getting professional(专业的) help,
taking medicine or a mixed treatment of both. In fact, when you begin to feel
the danger of depression, you can try to deal with it early by yourself.
Listening to music, doing some sports and drawing some pictures might help you
feel better. Another useful way is talk therapy. When we are attacked by a low
mood, having a conversation with others is of great help. Being honest about
how we feel does not make us weak, it makes us human.
36．Who is most probably experiencing depression
A．Lily, who is going to have an important exam and hasn't slept well for 3 days.
B．May, who dislikes her new school and has complained to her parents 3 times.
C．Ben, who thinks life worthless and has cried alone over 3 times a week in the past month.
D．Tom, who finds subjects hard and has talked to his teacher about it 3 times this week.
37．What does the writer think of depression
A．Normal and nothing serious. B．Uncommon although harmful.
C．Unavoidable and untreatable. D．Treatable although worrying.
38．What's the passage mainly about
A．Knowledge of depression. B．Ways of treating depression.
C．Reasons for depression. D．Results of depression.
（2022·泰安模拟）阅读理解
Many of us don't pay
atention to the importance of eye care. It's said that if you take care of your
body, then you can be healthy. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of
care. Natural eye care should be put in a number one place.
There are several causes
leading to poor eyesight, like not enough food, genes(基因) and aging(年龄增长). Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having
poor eyesight.
If you happen to work in
front of the computer, it is best to take a rest every once in a while.
Something dirty can cause redness and they will make you feel uncomfortable. It
is bad for your eyes, too. If this happens, the best way is to clean your eyes
by using cold water. You must also try your best to protect your eyes from
harmful things. For example, sunglasses are not just fashion, but they can also
serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays.
Eating healthy foods will do
good for your eyesight. Remember that vitamins(维生素)A, C and E are good for eyes. Try to
eat food groups that have these vitamins. And you should do eye exercises
because exercise protects your eyesight, too. If a person exercises regularly(规律地) and eats the right kind of food, his eyes will stay in good
condition for a long time.
All above are natural ways
of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. Being happy all the time can be
helpful to a person's eyesight, t, In a word, eye care is very important, no
matter how old a person is.
39．What is the most important way to protect our eyes
A．Natural eye care B．Taking medicine
C．Seeing the doctor D．Being happy all the time
40．All the following causes can lead to bad eyesight except_______.
A．age B．height C．reading D．computer
41．What do the underlined words "UV rays" mean
A．沙上 B．闪电 C．紫外线 D．超声波
42．Which is the best title of the passage
A．Ways of Eye Care B．Ways of Eye Exercises
C．Way of Being Happy D．Way of Being Healthy
（2022·封开模拟）阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
Do you want to live a happier life Try laughing for no reason at all. That's
how thousands of people start their day at Laughter Clubs around the world.
Many doctors are interested in the effects of laughter on our
health. According to a 5-year study，laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%. They
think that having a good laugh might be one of the best ways to stay healthy.
The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai，India，in
1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. ""Everyone's naturally good at laughing. We
want people to feel happy with their lives，"says
Dr. Kataria. There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over 1，300 worldwide.
So，what
happens at a Laughter Club I went to my nearest club in South London to find
out. I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class，to
be honest-I didn't like laughing with a group of strangers. Our laughter
teacher told us to clap our hands and say" ho ho ho, ha ha ha" while
looking at each other. Although our bodies can't tell the difference between
fake（假的）laughter
and real laughter，they still have the same healthy
effects.
After ten minutes，everybody in the room was laughing genuinely（真诚地）, and some people just couldn't
stop laughing! At the end of the class I was surprised by how relaxed and
comfortable I felt. So if you're under stress, then start laughing. You might
be very pleased with the results!
43．In which country did Dr. Madan Kataria start the first Laughter Club
A．Britain. B．America. C．China. D．India.
44．How did the writer feel at the beginning of the class
A．Surprised. B．Happy. C．Nervous. D．Comfortable.
45．The underlined word“effects”means________ in Chinese.
A．影响 B．原因 C．成绩 D．感受
46．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．All of the people in Laughter Clubs are good friends.
B．Fake laughter and real laughter are both good for health.
C．There are over 1,300 Laughter Clubs in India.
D．Laughter improves our health against illness by about 30%.
47．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To ask us to join the Laughter Club.
B．To show us different ways of laughing.
C．To advise us to laugh for a happy life.
D．To tell us the man behind the Laughter Club.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D
2．A
3．C
4．C
5．B
【知识点】社会现象类；医疗保健类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文鼓励我们要少坐，多运动，有益健康。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
1．推断题。开车，看电影，玩电脑都需要坐着，可知四处周到不是坐着的活动，故选D。
2．主旨题。根据As the total sitting time increases，so does the risk of early death随着久坐时间的增加，早逝的风险也会增加，可知第二段告诉我们久坐的不良影响，故选A。
3．词义猜测题。根据For example，the Center for Disease Control advises adults to do exercise for two hours and 30 minutes every week，plus muscle strengthening activities two or more days a week.We need similar guidelines for sitting例如，疾病控制中心建议成年人每周锻炼2小时30分钟，每周锻炼两天或两天以上的肌肉强化活动。我们需要类似的坐着指南，可知similar guidelines的意思是practical guidelines实用指南，故选C。
4．推断题。根据To make up the weakness，a research team is working on more specific guidelines为了弥补这一弱点，一个研究小组正在制定更具体的指导方针，可知最后一段告诉我们需要进行更多的研究来改进指导方针，故选C。
5．推断题。本文鼓励我们要少坐，多运动，有益健康，可知这段文章可以在报纸的健康栏目上看到，故选B。
【答案】6．D
7．A
8．B
9．A
10．C
【知识点】医疗保健类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲了如何正确洗手。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
6．推断题。根据You should wash your hands for 15-20 seconds. How do you know the length (长度) of 15-20 seconds You can sing ABC Song你应该洗手15-20秒。你怎么知道15-20秒的长度 你可以唱ABC歌，可知作者提到ABC歌，是因为你可以唱这首歌来知道洗手的长度，故选D。
7．词义猜测题。根据sing ABC Song，可知note的中文意思是音符，故选A。
8．细节题。根据文章描述，可知告诉你如何洗手，文中没有提到用干净的毛巾擦干双手，故选B。
9．推断题。根据They are on your hands all the time. Many illnesses are caused by germs, so you should often wash your hands它们一直在你手上。许多疾病都是由细菌引起的，所以你应该经常洗手，可知你可以知道为什么你应该经常洗手，故选A。
10．主旨题。根据Do you know how to wash your hands correctly，可知这篇文章主要讲了如何正确洗手，故选C。
【答案】11．B
12．D
13．A
14．C
15．D
【知识点】医疗保健类；科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了一些可以减轻压力的有用的方法。
【点评】 考查阅读理解，答题前一定要弄懂全文，然后再动手解答问题，答题过程中，注意联系前后文，结合短文内容，完成各小题的解答。
11．细节理解题。根据表格内容 ：记日记；听音也；深呼吸；足够的睡眠和健康的生活方式，可知，文章一共提到了五个方法。故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据"When we feel uneasy or disappointed, we can put problems into words. Keeping a diary is a good way to relax."当我们感到不安或失望时，我们可以用语言表达问题。写日记是放松的好方法。可知当我们感到不安或失望时，我们可以用语言表达问题。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据"If we get angry, music has a wonderful influence on our feelings. When we feel sad, it fills our hearts with warmth."如果我们生气，音乐会对我们的感情产生巨大的影响。当我们感到悲伤时，它会让我们的心充满温暖。可知当我们生气或伤心时，可以听音乐。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据"When we get nervous or upset before a test, take a few deepbreaths"当我们在考试前感到紧张或不安时，做几次深呼吸可知考试之前，可以深呼吸。故选C。
15．主旨大意题。根据"But there are many useful ways to lower stress但是有很多有用的方法可以减轻压力"可知本文主要介绍了一些可以减轻压力的有用的方法。故选D。
【答案】16．C
17．C
18．A
19．B
20．B
【知识点】医疗保健类；科普类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了脸盲症这一疾病。
【点评】考查阅读理解。可以先快速浏览文章，掌握大意。然后根据问题，快速找到相关内容，最后结合选项，选出正确答案。
16．根据"It can cause problems in relationships and in the workplace. "可知,它会在人际关系和工作场所造成问题。也就是说，有脸盲症的人可能会有不良的人际关系。故选C。
17．根据"The cause of developmental face blindness is still unknown, but it does appear to run in families."可知，发展性脸盲的病因尚不清楚，但它似乎在家庭中传播。也就是说，如果Paul天生有脸盲症，他的家人也会有。故选C。
18．根据"They usually befriend people with easily recognizable features (特征) ""可知， 有脸盲症的孩子通常会和那些特征很容易识别的人交朋友，因此Laura很有可能和最矮的Sarah交朋友。故选A。
19．根据"However, there are training programs to help these people, such as focusing on the voice, hairstyle and clothing." 可知，现在有一些培训项目 可以帮助有脸盲症的人，比如专注于声音、发型和服装。故选B。
20．在文章的第一段中, 作者陈述了有些人患有脸盲症这-事实,作者在第二段中解释了"脸盲症"一词，在第四段中，作者对比了脸盲症的成人患者和儿童患者的区别。因此文章没有采用讲故事的写作手法。故选B。
【答案】21．C
22．B
23．B
24．B
25．B
【知识点】医疗保健类；科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了我们对糖上瘾原因，吃糖多的危害，以及避免吃糖困难的原因。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
21．细节题。根据When we eat or drink sugary foods, the sugar enters our blood and influences parts of our brain that make us feel good. Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more，可知我们对糖的爱是一种上瘾，因为它让我们感觉很好，想要更多的糖，故选C。
22．词义猜测题。根据use sugar to take the place of the fat in foods用糖代替食物中的脂肪，可知这是生产者做的事情，故manufactures的意思是制造商，故选B。
23．细节题。根据Our bodies are designed to live on very little sugar，可知我们的身体需要很少的糖来维持生命，故选B。
24．主旨题。这篇文章主要讲述了我们对糖上瘾原因，吃糖多的危害，以及避免吃到糖困难的原因。这篇文章主要是关于我们对糖上瘾，故选B。
25．推断题。根据It's clear that we need to eat less sugar很明显，我们需要少吃糖，Many schools are offering more fruit instead of desserts. Other schools are building places for students to do exercise. The battle (战斗) has not yet been lost许多学校提供更多的水果而不是甜点。其他学校正在建造学生锻炼的场所。这场战斗还没有失败，可知对于创造一个低糖世界，作者最有可能想到的是这是必要的，也是有希望的，故选B。
【答案】26．B
27．A
28．C
29．C
30．B
【知识点】医疗保健类；议论文
【解析】【分析】大意：文章告诉我们正确的饮食对我们的身体健康很好，烹饪食物对我们的精神也有好处，因此要享受烹饪过程。
【点评】考查阅读理解。主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
26．词义猜测题。根据Certainly, creating some delicious food takes our mind off unhappy things and gives us something to d当然，创造一些美味的食物可以让我们摆脱不愉快的事情，让我们有事情可做，可知是可以摆脱最近郁闷的事情，因此doldrums意为“郁闷”。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据第三段 TV famous cook and writer Nadiya Hussain agrees that cooking is great for helping our mind. 电视著名厨师兼作家纳迪娅·侯赛因（Nadya Hussain）同意烹饪对帮助我们的大脑非常有益，可知她认为饪对帮助我们的大脑非常有益。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据第四段Certainly, creating some delicious food takes our mind off unhappy things and gives us something to do, helping us get through the recent doldrums. 可知创造一些美味的食物可以让我们摆脱不愉快的事情，让我们有事情可做，帮助我们度过最近的郁闷。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段She loves to bake and became the winner of the TV show, The Great British Bake Off. And she thinks that baking is an important tool for our mental health.她热爱烘焙，并成为电视节目《英国烘焙大赛》的冠军。她认为烘焙是我们心理健康的重要工具，可知《英国烘焙大赛》是关于烹饪的。故选C。
30．主旨大意题。根据最后一段Of course, cooking can be a very sociable activity and sharing the end result, a rewarding experience. Hopefully, as we start to mix with friends and family again, we can enjoy the benefits once more and put us all in the right state of mind.当然，烹饪可以是一种非常社交的活动，分享最终结果，一种有益的体验。希望，当我们再次开始与朋友和家人交往时，我们可以再次享受这些好处，并让我们都处于正确的心态，可知文章想通过烹饪的好处，来告诉我们要享受烹饪过程。故选B。
【答案】31．A
32．B
33．A
34．B
35．C
【知识点】医疗保健类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一种睡眠现象。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要涉及细节理解题，解答此类题目需要从原文中找答案。
31．细节理解题。根据“In 2021, the Ministry of Education（MOE）advised that junior and senior high school students should go to bed before 10 pm and 11 pm respectively（分别的）.”可知MOE建议初中生应该晚上十点前睡觉，高中生十一点前睡觉，故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据“ But in space there is no up or down, and you do not feel the pull of gravity（重力）. As a result, astronauts usually sleep in fixed sleeping bags. ”可知宇宙中没有上下，感觉不到重力，因此宇航员需要在睡袋中休息，故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据“This can happen during sleep as well, which could cause problems in getting to sleep and staying asleep.”可知耳虫现象可能也会在睡觉的时候发生，能引起睡眠问题，故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据“ Wearing socks means an increase of blood to your hands and feet, which cuts down your core（核心的）body temperature. The lower the core body temperature is, the faster you fall asleep.”可知穿袜子能够增加流向手脚的血液，削减核心身体温度，核心身体温度越低，越容易入睡，故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据“But recent studies found that having pets in the bed may help people who are often worried. The pets, like soft toys, can help cut down their worry.”可知跟宠物一起休息可以帮助经常焦虑的人们，能够削减他们的焦虑，C选项意思与之吻合，因此C选项正确，故选C。
【答案】36．C
37．D
38．A
【知识点】医疗保健类；说明文
【解析】【分析】主要讲了抑郁症正在伤害全世界约2.8亿人，以及一些有关抑郁症的治疗措施等。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先浏览题目，然后读懂题意，最后从文中抓住关键词句，最终确定答案。
36．细节题。根据As the World Health Organization(WHO) noted, depression is a mood disorder. It shows in different ways, including loss of interest in normal activities and feelings of low self-worth. It often lasts for a long time and greatly harms a person's ability at work or school or in the daily life正如世界卫生组织所指出的，抑郁症是一种情绪障碍。它以不同的方式表现出来，包括对正常活动失去兴趣和自我价值感低下。它通常会持续很长时间，严重损害一个人在工作、学校或日常生活中的能力，可知抑郁症是一种情绪障碍。它以不同的方式表现出来，包括对正常活动失去兴趣和自我价值感低下，抑郁症患者通常不喜欢与他人谈论他们的问题，故选C。
37．观点态度题。根据Though depression is worrying, we don't have to be afraid of it. Depression can be treated by getting professional(专业的) help,taking medicine or a mixed treatment of both.可知虽然抑郁症令人担忧，但我们不必害怕它。抑郁症可以通过专业的帮助来治疗，服用药物或两者混合治疗，即虽然令人担忧但可以治疗，故选D。
38．主旨题。通读全文可知文章主要介绍了什么是抑郁症、抑郁症的表现及抑郁症的治疗方法等，A最合适，B、C、D比较片面。故选A。
【答案】39．A
40．B
41．C
42．A
【知识点】医疗保健类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章主要是讲引起视力问题的原因，以及眼睛护理的方法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
39．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Natural eye care should be put in a number one place. 自然眼部护理应该放在第一位。可知，Natural eye care 是保护眼的最重要的方式。故选A。
40．细节理解题。根据第二段There are several causes leading to poor eyesight, like not enough food, genes and aging. Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having poor eyesight. 有几个原因导致视力不佳，如：没有足够的食物、 基因 和老化 。电视机、 电脑和阅读也是有视力不佳的原因。可知，height 身高，不是引起视力不佳的原因。故选B。
41．判断推理题。根据第三段最后一句sunglasses are not just fashion, but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays.太阳镜不仅仅时尚，也是保护视力免受紫外线伤害的好方法。 可知，UV rays是紫外线的意思。故选C。
42．主旨大意题。文章主要是讲引起视力问题的原因，以及保护眼睛的方法。可知，Ways of Eye Care眼睛护理的方法 。故选A。
【答案】43．D
44．C
45．A
46．B
47．C
【知识点】医疗保健类；议论文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了笑可以减缓自己的压力。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。
43．细节理解题。根据文中语句The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai，India，in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. 可知，第一个微笑俱乐部是在印度创建的，故答案为D。
44．细节理解题。根据文中语句 I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class，to be honest-I didn't like laughing with a group of strangers. 可知，作者第一次上课感到非常的紧张，故答案为C。
45．词义推断题。根据文中语句Many doctors are interested in the effects of laughter on our health. According to a 5-year study，laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%. They think that having a good laugh might be one of the best ways to stay healthy.可知，effect的含义是“影响”，故答案为A。
46．理解判断题。根据文中语句 Although our bodies can't tell the difference between fake（假的）laughter and real laughter，they still have the same healthy effects.可知，真笑与假笑都对健康有好处，语句Fake laughter and real laughter are both good for health.的描述是正确的，故答案为B。
47．主旨归纳题。通读全文可知，此文主要是建议大家用笑面对生活。故答案为C。
1 / 1
