备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练二 人与社会 主题08 家乡变迁与环境保护
一、阅读理解
（2023九上·石阡月考）
阅读理解
Gaocheng, a village
about 20 kilometers north of Hangzhou City, has 204 families and a population
of 895. In June, 2020, the village started an activity to help its villagers
develop the habit of sorting waste. In December, the village won a monthly
competition among over 20 villages. It sets a good example to the other
villages now.
In front of each of
those families now stand two dustbins, the green one for waste that goes
smelly(难闻的) easily and the gray one
for anything else. Every day after dinner, volunteers check whether the rubbish
has been put into right bins. This makes the job easier for those who collect
the rubbish the next early morning.
According to every
family's performance, volunteers give them a score every day. Once a month families
can change the total scores into things such as eggs and cooking oil.
One of the villagers, Li
Rongchun, said that it was difficult to ask villagers to sort waste right because
most villagers have had bad habits for a long time. At first, villagers
considered sorting rubbish was a waste of time, but over the time they have
realized its importance and have become better at it. And most families perform
well enough to be able to get the highest score.
1．Why did the village start the activity
A．To help its villagers win competitions.
B．To help its villagers develop the habit of reading.
C．To help its villagers develop the habit of sorting waste.
2．Which of the following should be put into the green bin
A．Leaves of vegetables.
B．Some unused newspapers.
C．Some plastic bottles.
3．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Gaocheng has a population of 204.
B．Villages can change the scores into eggs and cooking oil.
C．The villagers themselves check the dustbins every day.
4．What is the theme(主题) of the passage
A．Learning English.
B．Protecting the environment.
C．Keeping healthy.
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．B
4．B
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍高城村开展了一项帮助村民养成垃圾分类习惯的活动来保护环境。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
1．细节题。根据In June, 2020, the village started an activity to help its villagers develop the habit of sorting waste，可知这个村庄要开始这个活动是帮助村民养成垃圾分类的习惯，故选C。
2．推断题。根据the green one for waste that goes smelly easily绿色的垃圾桶用来放容易发臭的垃圾，可知蔬菜的叶子应该放进绿色的箱子里，故选A。
3．细节题。根据Once a month families can change the total scores into things such as eggs and cooking oil，可知村民们可以把分数换成鸡蛋和食用油是正确的，故选B。
4．主旨题。本文介绍高城村开展了一项帮助村民养成垃圾分类习惯的活动来保护环境，可知这篇文章的主题是保护环境，故选B。
（2023九上·潼南月考） 阅读理解
One of the greatest problems we face today are the destruction(破坏) of our environment.
Brown clouds，polluted water，endangered(濒危的) wild animals…These problems seem so huge.
So my family do what we can. We take cloth(布制的) bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. We walk where we don't have to drive…
But does it do any good？When I am the only one at the market with cloth bags，am I doing any good？Does my walking to stores make any difference to the world
I recently learned something about flamingos(火烈鸟). They like to get together in groups of a thousand or more. Every year, when it is time for migration, a few of them first take off from the lake. But the others don't notice it, so the small group returns. However, the next day they try again. This time a few more fly along with them，but most of them still pay no attention，so they return again. They try for several times.
Then one day something changes. The same small group of birds once again starts flying and a small number more join in just as before，then more. Finally，they all take offand the migration really begins. What a wonderful view it must be—thousands of flamingos taking off into the sky at the same time!
A few can make a difference. Even if you're the one to take the first step continue trying, and others will notice. If we work together, we will solve even our greatest problems.
5．The writer uses cloth bags in stores because____.
A．he wants to do something good to the environment
B．he thinks plastic bags are more expensive
C．there are only cloth bags in stores
D．all the people use cloth bags in stores
6．What does the underlined word"migration"in Paragraph 4 probably mean in Chinese
A．繁殖 B．觅食 C．寻找 D．迁徙
7．From the passage，it's true that____.
A．the writer's family never drive to stores.
B．flamingos like to get together in groups of a thousand or more.
C．brown clouds and polluted water are the only problems we face today.
D．when a few of the flamingos first take off from the lake, all the others follow at once.
8．The writer's purpose of writing this article is____.
A．to show that the writer loves to see the migration of flamingos
B．to tell readers to continue trying and it can make a difference
C．to introduce(介绍) a special kind of flamingo to readers
D．to show that there are many problems in the world
【答案】5．A
6．D
7．B
8．B
【知识点】环保类；议论文
【解析】【分析】大意：作者通过火烈鸟的迁徙等事例，呼吁我们从小事做起保护地球。
【点评】考查阅读理解。注意多做练习：提高英语阅读理解能力需要大量的练习，可以通过做阅读理解练习题来提高自己的阅读理解水平。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段 So my family do what we can. We take cloth(布制的) bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. We walk where we don't have to drive… 所以我的家人尽我们所能。我们把布袋带到商店，而不用塑料袋。我们走去不必开车的地方，可知是为了做一些对环境友好的事。故选A。
6．词义猜测题。根据 a few of them first take off from the lake. 它们中的一些人首先从湖中起飞，可知migration是指"迁徙"。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据第五段 I recently learned something about flamingos(火烈鸟). They like to get together in groups of a thousand or more. 我最近学到了一些关于火烈鸟的知识。他们喜欢一千多只一组聚在一起，可知火烈鸟喜欢以一千只或一千只以上为一组聚在一起。故选B。
8．主旨大意题。根据最后一段A few can make a difference. Even if you're the one to take the first step continue trying, and others will notice. If we work together, we will solve even our greatest problems. 小事可以有所作为。即使你迈出了第一步，继续尝试，其他人也会注意到的。如果我们共同努力，我们甚至会解决我们最大的问题，可知作者的目的是为了告诉读者继续尝试，这会产生影响。故选B。
（2023·花都模拟） 阅读理解
What does it mean to be green？Green is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. Deciding whether a product is green，however，isn't always easy. We need to consider the whole life cycle of the product，even after it's of no use. Here is what we may keep in mind.
The materials of a product are usually our first focus. What is it made of？Are there any harmful chemicals in it？Green products are made of more natural materials which are free from harmful chemicals. so they can be good for our physical health.
Packaging is important. How is a product packaged？Is it over packaged？We'd better choose glass，metal and paper packaging，as these can be reused or more easily recycled. We can also look for less packaging or even choose bagged products whenever possible.
Location matters. Where was a product produced？Where are we buying it？Think about how much energy was used to get it to us. Try to choose local products. When it comes to food，it is a good idea to order directly from local farmers，shop at markets and buy fruits in season. Buying from stores near our houses is also a good choice，because we can go there without driving a car.
Look into what the company tells us about their products. It's easy to say that a product is"green"or"all natural"，but the words may be too good to be true. So we should pay attention to the information about a product carefully. After all，companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible.
The greenest thing is certainly the one we don't buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Better than buying is choosing to leave an unnecessary product in the store. It sends a message to the producer，keeps money in our pockets，reduces waste and keeps the planet healthy.
9．When we go shopping in the supermarket，we'd better buy some green packaging products，such as ____.
①a glass of honey
②a plastic bag of chips
③an over-packaged gift
④a paper box of chocolate
⑤fruit without packaging
A．①②③ B．①④⑤ C．③④⑤ D．①②⑤
10．What can we learn from the passage
A．We should only buy products near our houses.
B．We should know all the information about a product.
C．We should have fewer unnecessary products in our life.
D．We should pay little attention to the materials of a product.
11．What is the purpose of this passage？
A．To teach us how to tell different materials.
B．To tell us how to save money for ourselves.
C．To tell us all the companies should be green.
D．To give advice on how to be a green consumer.
【答案】9．B
10．C
11．D
【知识点】日常生活类；环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了怎样购买绿色环保的物品及如何成为绿色消费者提供建议。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到细节题，主旨题两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案：主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段Packaging is important . How is a product packaged Is it over packaged We'd better choose glass , metal and paper packaging , as these can be reused or more easily recycled . We can also look for less packaging or even choose b agged products whenever possible .（包装很重要。产品是如何包装的？它包装过度了吗？我们最好选择玻璃、金属和纸质包装，因为这些包装可以重复使用或更容易回收。我们也可以寻找更少的包装，甚至尽可能选择袋装产品。）可知，①④⑤符合题意。故选 B 。
10．细节理解题。根据最后一段 The greenest thing is certainly the one we don't buy . Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not . Better than buying is choosing to leave an unnecessary product in the store . It sends a message to the producer, keeps money in our pockets , reduces waste and keeps the planet healthy .环保的东西当然是我们不买的。食物和衣服等东西对生活来说是必要的。但许多其他东西不是。比购买更好的是选择把不必要的产品留在商店里。它向生产者发出信息，把钱放在我们的口袋里，减少浪费，保持地球健康。）可知，我们的生活中应该少一些不必要的产品。故选 C 。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段 Green is more than just a color. It also means takin g special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take . Deciding whether a product is green, however , isn't always easy. We need to consider the whole life cycle of the product, even after it's of no use . Here is what we may keep in mind .（绿色不仅仅是一种颜色。它还意味着采取特殊措施来保护环境。购买绿色产品是每个人都可以迈出的一小步。然而，决定产品是否为绿色并不总是那么容易。我们需要考虑产品的整个生命周期，即使它没有用处。以下是我们可以记住的。)结合全文内容，主要讲述了怎样购买绿色环保的物品及如何成为绿色消费者提供建议。故选 D 。
（2023·大连）阅读理解
In Pontevedra, Spain, people don't shout. Since cars are not allowed in the city, there are no horns（喇叭）or noises from car engines. People don't have to try hard to make themselves heard. What you hear in the street, instead, is the singing of birds.
"Listen," says Miguel Lores, the mayor（市长）, opening the windows of his office. From the street below rises the sound of human voices. "More than 14,000 cars used to pass along this street every day. There were more cars passing through the city in a day than people living here.
Lores became mayor in 1999. He spent months walking around the city. "The historical city is dead," he said one day. "It is full of cars. It is heavily polluted. There are a lot of traffic accidents. The elderly and children aren't able to use the streets because of cars. People who had a chance to leave have done so. "
At first, Lores thought of improving traffic conditions. However, he couldn't come up with a good plan. After lots of discussions, the government finally decided to get rid of（清除）cars.
The change has brought Pontevedra many benefits. Traffic accidents are now rare（罕见的）. CO2 emissions（排放物）are down by 70%. Many people are moving to the city, making it lively again.
Most local people like the change. Ramiro Armesto, a mother of two young children, said, "In the past, the first thing to see in the morning was traffic jams. Now, the city is cleaner, quieter and safer. " Raquel Garcia, another parent, said she had stayed in many cities around the world. However, she had never lived in a city as "easy to live in" as Pontevedra. "Even if it's raining, I walk everywhere. The feeling is wonderful," she added.
12．From Paragraph 1, we know Pontevedra is a(n) ____ city in Spain.
A．ancient B．quiet C．busy D．crowded
13．For Lores, what was the city Pontevedra's main problem
A．The historical city was dead.
B．There were lots of traffic accidents.
C．Many people were leaving the city.
D．There were too many cars in the city.
14．The underlined word "benefits" probably means "____" in English.
A．choices B．advantages C．problems D．symbols
15．What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A．To show how people like the change.
B．To let more cities follow the change.
C．To explain what people think of the city.
D．To tell why people like living in Pontevedra.
16．What is the best title of the passage
A．A city without cars. B．The path to a city's progress.
C．A good plan for a city. D．The changes of Pontevedra.
【答案】12．B
13．D
14．B
15．A
16．A
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了西班牙的城市—— Pontevedra 发生的巨大变化。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题四种常考题型，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词句猜测题要结合上下文语境进行判断；主旨大意题需要找到主旨句或者总结全文内容得出答案。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第一段In Pontevedra, Spain, people don't shout. Since cars are not allowed in the city, there are no horns（喇叭）or noises from car engines.和What you hear in the street, instead, is the singing of birds.可知，Pontevedra 在西班牙是一个安静的城市，故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段It is full of cars. It is heavily polluted. There are a lot of traffic accidents. The elderly and children aren't able to use the streets because of cars. People who had a chance to leave have done so.可知， 对于Lores 来说，Pontevedra的主要问题是汽车太多了，故选D。
14．词义猜测题。根据下文Traffic accidents are now rare（罕见的）. CO2 emissions（排放物）are down by 70%. Many people are moving to the city, making it lively again.可知，交通事故现在很少了。二氧化碳排放量下降了70%。许多人搬到这个城市，使它又活跃起来了。这是这个城市禁止汽车之后的好处，由此可知，benefits意为"好处"，故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Most local people like the change.可知，最后一段的目的是为了显示人们对这种变化的喜爱，故选D。
16．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段In Pontevedra, Spain, people don't shout. Since cars are not allowed in the city, there are no horns（喇叭）or noises from car engines.以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了Pontevedra从一个街上挤满汽车到变成街上没有汽车行驶的城市，并阐述了街上没有汽车的好处，以及这一变化获得了当地居民的支持，所以最佳标题为"没有汽车的城市"，故选A。
（2020九上·奈曼旗竞赛）阅读选择
Our living environment is being polluted faster than before and it seems nobody can prevent it. Time brings us more people, and more people bring us more industry, more cars, larger cities and growing use of man-made materials.
How can we understand and solve this problem The fact is that pollution is caused by man —by his desire (欲望）for a modern way of life. So we are often ready to offer everything: clean water, good food, our health and the future of our children. There are more people from the countryside moving into the cities and enjoying the modern society. But as the technological momentum (势头) has grown in the last twenty years, pollution has become a serious problem.
Now we have to stop to ask ourselves where we are going and why. It makes one think of the story about the airline pilot who told his passengers over the loudspeaker, "I've got some good news and bad news. The good news is that we're going at 530 miles per hour. The bad news is that we're lost and don't know where we are going. " The sad fact is that this problem becomes a true story when speaking of our modern society.
17．Man fails to stop the world from being polluted because____.
A．the population of the world is increasing fast
B．people use too many machines
C．we have more and more industry
D．we are producing more cars, trucks and buses
18．People from the countryside crowd into cities for .
A．good jobs
B．enjoying the modern life
C．fun
D．becoming tired of their hometown
19．Man cares about ____ most according to the passage.
A．industry B．clean water
C．health D．the future of the children
20．The story about the airline pilot tells us that ____.
A．man knows where the society is going
B．the pilot doesn't know where to go
C．man has done little with the problem of pollution
D．the pilot is not good at flying
21．The main idea of this passage is ____.
A．pollution has become a serious problem
B．man should slow down the speed of development to stop pollution
C．the pilot would like to make a contribution to protecting the environment
D．as industry is growing fast, pollution is the natural result
【答案】17．A
18．B
19．A
20．C
21．B
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是说明文，本文主要介绍了污染的情况以及人类的活动对污染的影响。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
17．细节理解题，根据句子Our living environment is being polluted faster than before and it seems nobody can prevent it. 我们的生活环境被污染的速度比以前更快，似乎没有人能阻止它。可知人类无法阻止世界被污染，因为世界人口正在快速增长，故选A。
18．细节理解题，根据句子There are more people from the countryside moving into the cities and enjoying the modern society. 有更多的人从农村搬到城市，享受现代社会。可知更多的人从农村搬到城市，是为了享受现代社会，故选B。
19．推理判断题，根据句子Time brings us more people, and more people bring us more industry, more cars, larger cities and growing use of man-made materials. 时间给我们带来了更多的人，更多的人给我们带来了更多的工业，更多的汽车，更大的城市和越来越多的人造材料的使用。可推知人类最关心工业，故选A。
20．推理判断题，根据句子The sad fact is that this problem becomes a true story when speaking of our modern society. 可悲的事实是，当谈到我们的现代社会时，这个问题变成了一个真实的故事。可推知航空公司飞行员的故事告诉我们，人类在污染问题上做得很少，故选C。
21．主旨大意题，根据句子Our living environment is being polluted faster than before and it seems nobody can prevent it. Time brings us more people, and more people bring us more industry, more cars, larger cities and growing use of man-made materials. 我们的生活环境被污染的速度比以前更快，似乎没有人能阻止它。时间给我们带来了更多的人，更多的人给我们带来了更多的工业，更多的汽车，更大的城市和越来越多的人造材料的使用。可知这篇文章的主要思想是人类应该放慢发展的速度来阻止污染，故选B。
（2023九下·杭州月考）阅读理解
Green is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. Deciding whether a product is green, however, isn't always easy. We need to consider the whole life cycle of the product even after it's of no use. Here is what we may keep in mind.
The materials of a product are usually our first focus. What is it made of Are there any harmful chemicals in it Green products are made of more natural materials which are free from harmful chemicals, so they can be good for our physical health.
Packaging is important. How is a product packaged Is it over packaged We'd better choose glass, metal and paper packaging, as these can be reused or more easily recycled. We can also look for less packaging or even choose unbagged products whenever possible.
Location matters. Where was a product produced Where are we buying it Think about how much energy was used to get it. To us, try to choose local products. When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order directly from local farmer, shop at markets and buy fruits in season. Buying from stores near our houses is also a good choice, because we can go there without driving a car.
Look into what the company tells us about their product. It's easy to say that a product is "green" or "all natural" but the words may be too good to be true. So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt. After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible.
The greenest thing is certainly the one we don't buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Better than buying is choosing to leave an unnecessary product in the store and doing without. It sends a message to the producer, keeps money in our pockets, reduces waste and keeps the planet healthy.
22．The writer would suggest choosing a product that is __________.
A．beautifully packaged. B．locally produced.
C．delivered from abroad. D．made of unnatural materials.
23．The words "be taken with a grain of salt" in Paragraph 5 probably mean__________.
A．be widely spread. B．not be totally believed.
C．be easily understood. D．not be quickly forgotten.
24．Which is the structure of the passage (P-paragraph)
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】22．B
23．B
24．D
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲了绿色产品，详细地介绍了作者的一些建议。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，仔细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去找、捕获有关信息。
22．细节理解题。根据Where was a product produced Where are we buying it Think about how much energy was used to get it. To us, try to choose local products. 产品是在哪里生产的？我们在哪里买？想想我们用了多少能源，试着选择当地产品。可知作者建议选择当地生产的产品。故选：B。
23．词义猜测题。根据It's easy to say that a product is "green" or "all natural" but the words may be too good to be true. So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt. After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible.说一种产品是"绿色"或"全天然"很容易，但这句话可能太好而不能相信。因此，关于产品的大部分信息都应该…。毕竟，公司试图让我们相信他们的产品对环境负责。可知，第5段中带下划线的"be taken with a grainofsalt"是"不完全相信"的意思。故选：B。
24．文章结构题。文章第一段讲述了绿色不仅仅是一种颜色。这也意味着要采取特殊措施来保护环境。 Here is what we may keep in mind. 以下是我们可以牢记的内容。第二，三，四，五段分别从产品的材料，产地和产品的信息介绍，最后一段号召人们减少浪费，保持地球健康。所以文章是总分总的结构。故选：D。
（2022九上·滨海新期末）阅读短文，回答问题
There
are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the earth. Choose
ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own.
●Plant flowers, grass or trees.
●Whenever you visit a park or beach，take away
what you bring there—keep rubbish in a bag until you can
put it in a dustbin (垃圾箱).
●Turn off the lights, TV sets when you leave the room. This saves a lot
of electricity.
●Turn off the tap (水龙头) when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it
run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.
●Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to keep cold air in.
●Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them
away.
●Give your old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them
away.
●Use both sides of paper.
●Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or the lakes nearby.
●Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect
the earth.
You
don't have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make each day Earth Day.
If
everyone makes a contribution (贡献)
to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.
25．From the passage, we know that this is _____.
A．a sign B．a notice
C．an advertisement D．a proposal (a plan or suggestion)
26．The writer tells us _____.
A．to throw rubbish into a dustbin
B．to pour dirty water into the river
C．to save water by letting it run while we are brushing our teeth
D．that we can't do all these things until Earth Day
27．We can _____ to save paper.
A．use a paper cup B．use both sides of paper
C．turn off the lights D．plant trees and grass
28．Which of the following is WRONG according to the writer
A．Turn off the lights when you leave the room.
B．Close the doors in winter.
C．Use a paper cup when you brush your teeth.
D．Give your old clothes to the poor children.
29．The main idea of this passage is how to _____.
A．save money B．save water and electricity
C．make better use of old things D．protect the earth
【答案】25．D
26．A
27．B
28．C
29．D
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章主要给出了一些环保建议和指导。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
25．推断题，文章主要内容是列出了一些环保建议，根据文章开头和结尾可知是倡导大家为环保采取行动，所以文章是一个提议，故答案为D。
26．细节题，根据列表中第二条建议keep rubbish in a bag until you can put it in a dustbin可知作者倡导大家把垃圾扔进垃圾桶，其他选项与原文不符，故答案为A。
27．细节题，根据列表中倒数第三条建议Use both sides of paper.可知作者倡导大家双面用纸，其他选项与原文不符，故答案为B。
28．细节题，根据列表中第四条建议use a glass cup instead of a paper cup可知作者倡导大家用玻璃杯代替纸杯，其他选项与原文不符，故答案为C。
29．主旨大意题，文章主要是倡导大家保护地球、保护环境，并给出了一系列环保建议，故答案为D。
（2022·北京）阅读理解
What does it mean to be green Green is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. Deciding whether a product is green, however, isn't always easy. We need to consider the whole life cycle of the product even after it's of no use. Here is what we may keep in mind.
The materials of a product are usually our first focus (关注). What is it made of Are there any harmful chemicals in it Green products are made of more natural materials which are free from harmful chemicals, so they can be good for our physical health.
Packaging is important. How is a product packaged Is it over packaged We'd better choose glass, metal and paper packaging, as these can be reused or more easily recycled (回收利用). We can also look for less packaging or even choose unbagged products whenever possible.
Location (地点) matters. Where was a product produced Where are we buying it Think about how much energy was used to get it to us try to choose local products. When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order directly from local farmer, shop at markets and buy fruits in season. Buying from stores near our houses is also a good choice, because we can go there without driving a car.
Look into what the company tells us about their product. It's easy to say that a product is "green" or "all natural" but the words may be too good to be true. So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt. After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible.
The greenest thing is certainly the one we don't buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Better than buying is choosing to leave an unnecessary product in the store and doing without. It sends a message to the producer, keeps money in our pockets, reduces (减少) waste and keeps the planet healthy.
30．The writer would suggest choosing a product that is ________.
A．over packaged B．delivered from abroad
C．locally produced D．made of unnatural materials
31．The words "be taken with a grain of in salt" Paragraph 5 probably mean "________".
A．be easily understood B．not be completely believed
C．be widely spread D．not be quickly forgotten
32．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Buying Green B．Recycling Waste
C．Keeping Healthy D．Reducing Energy Use
【答案】30．C
31．B
32．A
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过解释“Green”这个词，呼吁大家保护环境。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题、词句猜测题和主旨题，推断题和词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
30．推理判断题。根据Think about how much energy was used to get it to us try to choose local products. When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order directly from local farmer, ...可知，作者建议选择当地生产的产品，故答案为C。
31．词句猜测题。分析So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt. After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible.可知，公司试图让我们相信他们的产品对环境负责，但是我们应该秉持一个怀疑的态度，此处be taken with a grain of salt的意思是“不被完全相信”，故答案为B。
32．主旨大意题，本文作者通过解释Green这个词，呼吁大家保护环境，Buying Green符合主题，故答案为A。
（2024九下·龙湾开学考） 阅读理解
WANTED: Rock Stars! Do you like music Would you like to have fun and do something meaningful Then join the coolest, happiest kids in town—Rock Stars! The Rock Stars are student performers who dance and sing to their favorite music. The group meets at River City Community one evening a week. The best part of being a Rock Star is teaching young fans how to sing, dance and have fun. Instead of being bored after school ends, Rock Stars teach young students songs and dance moves after school. Rock Stars have done a good job. The following letters say it all: Dear Rock Stars, It wasfun learning to sing and dance with you. You told me I have to keep up my grades to stay in the group.Now I am doing better in school. Sincerely, Gabriela Dear Rock Stars， You really do rock!I was very shy,but after working with you Ifound out that I love to dance.Performing on stage was wonderful! It helped me make many newfriends. Rock on, Jesse Would you like to inspire young students, too Join us now! Rock Star Registration(登记) Who: Sixth to eighth graders Requirements:Good grades, parental permission Where: River City Community Center When:Wednesday
33．The River City Rock Stars are____ .
A．famous rock stars B．teenager performers
C．adult music lovers D．fans of Troy Robbins
34．Two letters are included in the passage in order to ____ .
A．encourage students to be more hard-working and outgoing
B．tell us that all the students are interested in singing and dancing
C．make us believe that music is very difficult but helpful
D．show that the Rock Stars have made a difference
35．If Peter is a member of the River City Rock Stars, we can know that ____ .
A．he may be a top student in Grade Nine
B．he learns singing and dancing twice a week
C．he thinks music is much more important than study
D．he enjoys teaching students and having fun with them
【答案】33．B
34．D
35．D
【知识点】应用文；社区生活
【解析】【分析】本文是招募摇滚明星的一则海报。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要根据问题从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。做题时结合原文和题目有针对性地找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段The Rock Stars are student performers who dance and sing to their favorite music. The group meets at River City Community one evening a week.可知，河城摇滚明星是青少年表演者。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第一封信中Now I am doing better in school.和第二封信中It helped me make many new friends.可知，摇滚明星对孩子们的学习和生活产生了影响。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据第三段中The best part of being a Rock Star is teaching young fans how to sing, dance and have fun.可知，成为摇滚明星最棒的部分是教年轻的歌迷如何唱歌、跳舞和娱乐。由此推知，如果彼得是摇滚明星的成员之一，那么他会喜欢教学生并和他们一起玩。故选D。
（2022·广汉模拟）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
With the development of China, many traditional ink paintings(水墨画)show the changes in southern Chinese villages. Shang Xinzhou, a painter from the Guangxi Arts University, has been creating traditional ink paintings for many years. His paintings show the life in poor areas.
"Thanks to my experience in Duomai Village, I can make the paintings much lovelier," said the 36-year- old painter, who has spent two and a half years working there.
Shang's paintings show the progress in the fight againstpoverty. His works show changes from difficult local conditions and people's hard times to better conditions and happy lives.
"I like drawing people's real lives, and paintings can be a bridge for communication between the local people and me." said Shang.
During his stay, he put his paintings about the local life on the Internet to help villagers sell their products. To make the night life there richer, he sold paintings to buy street lights, so people could enjoy square dancing in the evening.
Shang's excellent works were popular in the village. "I love his paintings and they show great changes in our village," said a farmer.
In recent years, more artists have traveled to mountain villages to record the development of China's poor areas, telling stories of the country's fight against poverty. "I've seen the local poverty alleviation. I want to record the changes of the poor areas and create more works about people," said Shang.
36．What made Shang's paintings lovelier
A．His happy life. B．His stay in a city.
C．His experience in a village. D．His experience in a university.
37．What does the underlined word "poverty" mean in Chinese
A．沉默 B．交流 C．富有 D．贫穷
38．What did Shang do for the people in Duomai Village
①he taught them to dance. ②He bought them street lights.
③He helped them sell their products. ④He taught them to create paintings.
A．①④ B．②③ C．①③ D．②④
39．What's the main idea of the passage
A．A painter spent his whole life fighting against poverty in his city.
B．A painter tried to show the world Chinese traditional ink paintings.
C．A painter used his paintings to record the changes in poor areas.
D．A painter found the easiest way to make himself famous in his country.
【答案】36．C
37．D
38．B
39．C
【知识点】记叙文；家乡和社会变迁
【解析】【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述画家尚新洲通过画作来记录农村的变化。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找答案。联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，确定答案。然后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
36．细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Thanks to my experience in Duomai Village, I can make the paintings much lovelier," said the 36-year- old painter, who has spent two and a half years working there.（ "由于我在多麦村的经历，我可以让这些画更可爱，"这位36岁的画家说，他已经在那里工作了两年半。 ）可知，多亏了在农村的经历，他才可以使他的画更加可爱。故选C。
37．词义猜测题。根据第三段 His works show changes from difficult local conditions and people's hard times to better conditions and happy lives. （ 他的作品展示了从艰苦的地方条件和人民的艰难时期到更好的条件和幸福生活的变化。 ）可知，人民的生活从艰难到更好、更幸福的方向发展，因此他的画展示了与贫困作斗争的进程。下划线词"poverty"的汉语意思是"贫穷"。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据文章第五段During his stay, he put his paintings about the local life on the Internet to help villagers sell their products. To make the night life there richer, he sold paintings to buy street lights, so people could enjoy square dancing in the evening.（ 在他逗留期间，他把他关于当地生活的画放在互联网上，以帮助村民销售他们的产品。为了让那里的夜生活更丰富，他卖画来买路灯，这样人们就可以在晚上欣赏广场舞了。 ）可知，他通过画作帮助农民卖产品，通过卖画来买路灯。故选B。
39．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段With the development of China, many traditional ink paintings （水墨画） show the changes in southern Chinese villages. （ 随着中国的发展，许多传统水墨画展示了中国南方村庄的变化。 ）可知，很多水墨画反映了中国南方农村地区的变化。故选C。
1 / 1备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练二 人与社会 主题08 家乡变迁与环境保护
一、阅读理解
（2023九上·石阡月考）
阅读理解
Gaocheng, a village
about 20 kilometers north of Hangzhou City, has 204 families and a population
of 895. In June, 2020, the village started an activity to help its villagers
develop the habit of sorting waste. In December, the village won a monthly
competition among over 20 villages. It sets a good example to the other
villages now.
In front of each of
those families now stand two dustbins, the green one for waste that goes
smelly(难闻的) easily and the gray one
for anything else. Every day after dinner, volunteers check whether the rubbish
has been put into right bins. This makes the job easier for those who collect
the rubbish the next early morning.
According to every
family's performance, volunteers give them a score every day. Once a month families
can change the total scores into things such as eggs and cooking oil.
One of the villagers, Li
Rongchun, said that it was difficult to ask villagers to sort waste right because
most villagers have had bad habits for a long time. At first, villagers
considered sorting rubbish was a waste of time, but over the time they have
realized its importance and have become better at it. And most families perform
well enough to be able to get the highest score.
1．Why did the village start the activity
A．To help its villagers win competitions.
B．To help its villagers develop the habit of reading.
C．To help its villagers develop the habit of sorting waste.
2．Which of the following should be put into the green bin
A．Leaves of vegetables.
B．Some unused newspapers.
C．Some plastic bottles.
3．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Gaocheng has a population of 204.
B．Villages can change the scores into eggs and cooking oil.
C．The villagers themselves check the dustbins every day.
4．What is the theme(主题) of the passage
A．Learning English.
B．Protecting the environment.
C．Keeping healthy.
（2023九上·潼南月考） 阅读理解
One of the greatest problems we face today are the destruction(破坏) of our environment.
Brown clouds，polluted water，endangered(濒危的) wild animals…These problems seem so huge.
So my family do what we can. We take cloth(布制的) bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. We walk where we don't have to drive…
But does it do any good？When I am the only one at the market with cloth bags，am I doing any good？Does my walking to stores make any difference to the world
I recently learned something about flamingos(火烈鸟). They like to get together in groups of a thousand or more. Every year, when it is time for migration, a few of them first take off from the lake. But the others don't notice it, so the small group returns. However, the next day they try again. This time a few more fly along with them，but most of them still pay no attention，so they return again. They try for several times.
Then one day something changes. The same small group of birds once again starts flying and a small number more join in just as before，then more. Finally，they all take offand the migration really begins. What a wonderful view it must be—thousands of flamingos taking off into the sky at the same time!
A few can make a difference. Even if you're the one to take the first step continue trying, and others will notice. If we work together, we will solve even our greatest problems.
5．The writer uses cloth bags in stores because____.
A．he wants to do something good to the environment
B．he thinks plastic bags are more expensive
C．there are only cloth bags in stores
D．all the people use cloth bags in stores
6．What does the underlined word"migration"in Paragraph 4 probably mean in Chinese
A．繁殖 B．觅食 C．寻找 D．迁徙
7．From the passage，it's true that____.
A．the writer's family never drive to stores.
B．flamingos like to get together in groups of a thousand or more.
C．brown clouds and polluted water are the only problems we face today.
D．when a few of the flamingos first take off from the lake, all the others follow at once.
8．The writer's purpose of writing this article is____.
A．to show that the writer loves to see the migration of flamingos
B．to tell readers to continue trying and it can make a difference
C．to introduce(介绍) a special kind of flamingo to readers
D．to show that there are many problems in the world
（2023·花都模拟） 阅读理解
What does it mean to be green？Green is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. Deciding whether a product is green，however，isn't always easy. We need to consider the whole life cycle of the product，even after it's of no use. Here is what we may keep in mind.
The materials of a product are usually our first focus. What is it made of？Are there any harmful chemicals in it？Green products are made of more natural materials which are free from harmful chemicals. so they can be good for our physical health.
Packaging is important. How is a product packaged？Is it over packaged？We'd better choose glass，metal and paper packaging，as these can be reused or more easily recycled. We can also look for less packaging or even choose bagged products whenever possible.
Location matters. Where was a product produced？Where are we buying it？Think about how much energy was used to get it to us. Try to choose local products. When it comes to food，it is a good idea to order directly from local farmers，shop at markets and buy fruits in season. Buying from stores near our houses is also a good choice，because we can go there without driving a car.
Look into what the company tells us about their products. It's easy to say that a product is"green"or"all natural"，but the words may be too good to be true. So we should pay attention to the information about a product carefully. After all，companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible.
The greenest thing is certainly the one we don't buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Better than buying is choosing to leave an unnecessary product in the store. It sends a message to the producer，keeps money in our pockets，reduces waste and keeps the planet healthy.
9．When we go shopping in the supermarket，we'd better buy some green packaging products，such as ____.
①a glass of honey
②a plastic bag of chips
③an over-packaged gift
④a paper box of chocolate
⑤fruit without packaging
A．①②③ B．①④⑤ C．③④⑤ D．①②⑤
10．What can we learn from the passage
A．We should only buy products near our houses.
B．We should know all the information about a product.
C．We should have fewer unnecessary products in our life.
D．We should pay little attention to the materials of a product.
11．What is the purpose of this passage？
A．To teach us how to tell different materials.
B．To tell us how to save money for ourselves.
C．To tell us all the companies should be green.
D．To give advice on how to be a green consumer.
（2023·大连）阅读理解
In Pontevedra, Spain, people don't shout. Since cars are not allowed in the city, there are no horns（喇叭）or noises from car engines. People don't have to try hard to make themselves heard. What you hear in the street, instead, is the singing of birds.
"Listen," says Miguel Lores, the mayor（市长）, opening the windows of his office. From the street below rises the sound of human voices. "More than 14,000 cars used to pass along this street every day. There were more cars passing through the city in a day than people living here.
Lores became mayor in 1999. He spent months walking around the city. "The historical city is dead," he said one day. "It is full of cars. It is heavily polluted. There are a lot of traffic accidents. The elderly and children aren't able to use the streets because of cars. People who had a chance to leave have done so. "
At first, Lores thought of improving traffic conditions. However, he couldn't come up with a good plan. After lots of discussions, the government finally decided to get rid of（清除）cars.
The change has brought Pontevedra many benefits. Traffic accidents are now rare（罕见的）. CO2 emissions（排放物）are down by 70%. Many people are moving to the city, making it lively again.
Most local people like the change. Ramiro Armesto, a mother of two young children, said, "In the past, the first thing to see in the morning was traffic jams. Now, the city is cleaner, quieter and safer. " Raquel Garcia, another parent, said she had stayed in many cities around the world. However, she had never lived in a city as "easy to live in" as Pontevedra. "Even if it's raining, I walk everywhere. The feeling is wonderful," she added.
12．From Paragraph 1, we know Pontevedra is a(n) ____ city in Spain.
A．ancient B．quiet C．busy D．crowded
13．For Lores, what was the city Pontevedra's main problem
A．The historical city was dead.
B．There were lots of traffic accidents.
C．Many people were leaving the city.
D．There were too many cars in the city.
14．The underlined word "benefits" probably means "____" in English.
A．choices B．advantages C．problems D．symbols
15．What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A．To show how people like the change.
B．To let more cities follow the change.
C．To explain what people think of the city.
D．To tell why people like living in Pontevedra.
16．What is the best title of the passage
A．A city without cars. B．The path to a city's progress.
C．A good plan for a city. D．The changes of Pontevedra.
（2020九上·奈曼旗竞赛）阅读选择
Our living environment is being polluted faster than before and it seems nobody can prevent it. Time brings us more people, and more people bring us more industry, more cars, larger cities and growing use of man-made materials.
How can we understand and solve this problem The fact is that pollution is caused by man —by his desire (欲望）for a modern way of life. So we are often ready to offer everything: clean water, good food, our health and the future of our children. There are more people from the countryside moving into the cities and enjoying the modern society. But as the technological momentum (势头) has grown in the last twenty years, pollution has become a serious problem.
Now we have to stop to ask ourselves where we are going and why. It makes one think of the story about the airline pilot who told his passengers over the loudspeaker, "I've got some good news and bad news. The good news is that we're going at 530 miles per hour. The bad news is that we're lost and don't know where we are going. " The sad fact is that this problem becomes a true story when speaking of our modern society.
17．Man fails to stop the world from being polluted because____.
A．the population of the world is increasing fast
B．people use too many machines
C．we have more and more industry
D．we are producing more cars, trucks and buses
18．People from the countryside crowd into cities for .
A．good jobs
B．enjoying the modern life
C．fun
D．becoming tired of their hometown
19．Man cares about ____ most according to the passage.
A．industry B．clean water
C．health D．the future of the children
20．The story about the airline pilot tells us that ____.
A．man knows where the society is going
B．the pilot doesn't know where to go
C．man has done little with the problem of pollution
D．the pilot is not good at flying
21．The main idea of this passage is ____.
A．pollution has become a serious problem
B．man should slow down the speed of development to stop pollution
C．the pilot would like to make a contribution to protecting the environment
D．as industry is growing fast, pollution is the natural result
（2023九下·杭州月考）阅读理解
Green is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. Deciding whether a product is green, however, isn't always easy. We need to consider the whole life cycle of the product even after it's of no use. Here is what we may keep in mind.
The materials of a product are usually our first focus. What is it made of Are there any harmful chemicals in it Green products are made of more natural materials which are free from harmful chemicals, so they can be good for our physical health.
Packaging is important. How is a product packaged Is it over packaged We'd better choose glass, metal and paper packaging, as these can be reused or more easily recycled. We can also look for less packaging or even choose unbagged products whenever possible.
Location matters. Where was a product produced Where are we buying it Think about how much energy was used to get it. To us, try to choose local products. When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order directly from local farmer, shop at markets and buy fruits in season. Buying from stores near our houses is also a good choice, because we can go there without driving a car.
Look into what the company tells us about their product. It's easy to say that a product is "green" or "all natural" but the words may be too good to be true. So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt. After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible.
The greenest thing is certainly the one we don't buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Better than buying is choosing to leave an unnecessary product in the store and doing without. It sends a message to the producer, keeps money in our pockets, reduces waste and keeps the planet healthy.
22．The writer would suggest choosing a product that is __________.
A．beautifully packaged. B．locally produced.
C．delivered from abroad. D．made of unnatural materials.
23．The words "be taken with a grain of salt" in Paragraph 5 probably mean__________.
A．be widely spread. B．not be totally believed.
C．be easily understood. D．not be quickly forgotten.
24．Which is the structure of the passage (P-paragraph)
A． B．
C． D．
（2022九上·滨海新期末）阅读短文，回答问题
There
are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the earth. Choose
ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own.
●Plant flowers, grass or trees.
●Whenever you visit a park or beach，take away
what you bring there—keep rubbish in a bag until you can
put it in a dustbin (垃圾箱).
●Turn off the lights, TV sets when you leave the room. This saves a lot
of electricity.
●Turn off the tap (水龙头) when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it
run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.
●Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to keep cold air in.
●Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them
away.
●Give your old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them
away.
●Use both sides of paper.
●Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or the lakes nearby.
●Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect
the earth.
You
don't have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make each day Earth Day.
If
everyone makes a contribution (贡献)
to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.
25．From the passage, we know that this is _____.
A．a sign B．a notice
C．an advertisement D．a proposal (a plan or suggestion)
26．The writer tells us _____.
A．to throw rubbish into a dustbin
B．to pour dirty water into the river
C．to save water by letting it run while we are brushing our teeth
D．that we can't do all these things until Earth Day
27．We can _____ to save paper.
A．use a paper cup B．use both sides of paper
C．turn off the lights D．plant trees and grass
28．Which of the following is WRONG according to the writer
A．Turn off the lights when you leave the room.
B．Close the doors in winter.
C．Use a paper cup when you brush your teeth.
D．Give your old clothes to the poor children.
29．The main idea of this passage is how to _____.
A．save money B．save water and electricity
C．make better use of old things D．protect the earth
（2022·北京）阅读理解
What does it mean to be green Green is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. Deciding whether a product is green, however, isn't always easy. We need to consider the whole life cycle of the product even after it's of no use. Here is what we may keep in mind.
The materials of a product are usually our first focus (关注). What is it made of Are there any harmful chemicals in it Green products are made of more natural materials which are free from harmful chemicals, so they can be good for our physical health.
Packaging is important. How is a product packaged Is it over packaged We'd better choose glass, metal and paper packaging, as these can be reused or more easily recycled (回收利用). We can also look for less packaging or even choose unbagged products whenever possible.
Location (地点) matters. Where was a product produced Where are we buying it Think about how much energy was used to get it to us try to choose local products. When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order directly from local farmer, shop at markets and buy fruits in season. Buying from stores near our houses is also a good choice, because we can go there without driving a car.
Look into what the company tells us about their product. It's easy to say that a product is "green" or "all natural" but the words may be too good to be true. So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt. After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible.
The greenest thing is certainly the one we don't buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Better than buying is choosing to leave an unnecessary product in the store and doing without. It sends a message to the producer, keeps money in our pockets, reduces (减少) waste and keeps the planet healthy.
30．The writer would suggest choosing a product that is ________.
A．over packaged B．delivered from abroad
C．locally produced D．made of unnatural materials
31．The words "be taken with a grain of in salt" Paragraph 5 probably mean "________".
A．be easily understood B．not be completely believed
C．be widely spread D．not be quickly forgotten
32．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Buying Green B．Recycling Waste
C．Keeping Healthy D．Reducing Energy Use
（2024九下·龙湾开学考） 阅读理解
WANTED: Rock Stars! Do you like music Would you like to have fun and do something meaningful Then join the coolest, happiest kids in town—Rock Stars! The Rock Stars are student performers who dance and sing to their favorite music. The group meets at River City Community one evening a week. The best part of being a Rock Star is teaching young fans how to sing, dance and have fun. Instead of being bored after school ends, Rock Stars teach young students songs and dance moves after school. Rock Stars have done a good job. The following letters say it all: Dear Rock Stars, It wasfun learning to sing and dance with you. You told me I have to keep up my grades to stay in the group.Now I am doing better in school. Sincerely, Gabriela Dear Rock Stars， You really do rock!I was very shy,but after working with you Ifound out that I love to dance.Performing on stage was wonderful! It helped me make many newfriends. Rock on, Jesse Would you like to inspire young students, too Join us now! Rock Star Registration(登记) Who: Sixth to eighth graders Requirements:Good grades, parental permission Where: River City Community Center When:Wednesday
33．The River City Rock Stars are____ .
A．famous rock stars B．teenager performers
C．adult music lovers D．fans of Troy Robbins
34．Two letters are included in the passage in order to ____ .
A．encourage students to be more hard-working and outgoing
B．tell us that all the students are interested in singing and dancing
C．make us believe that music is very difficult but helpful
D．show that the Rock Stars have made a difference
35．If Peter is a member of the River City Rock Stars, we can know that ____ .
A．he may be a top student in Grade Nine
B．he learns singing and dancing twice a week
C．he thinks music is much more important than study
D．he enjoys teaching students and having fun with them
（2022·广汉模拟）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
With the development of China, many traditional ink paintings(水墨画)show the changes in southern Chinese villages. Shang Xinzhou, a painter from the Guangxi Arts University, has been creating traditional ink paintings for many years. His paintings show the life in poor areas.
"Thanks to my experience in Duomai Village, I can make the paintings much lovelier," said the 36-year- old painter, who has spent two and a half years working there.
Shang's paintings show the progress in the fight againstpoverty. His works show changes from difficult local conditions and people's hard times to better conditions and happy lives.
"I like drawing people's real lives, and paintings can be a bridge for communication between the local people and me." said Shang.
During his stay, he put his paintings about the local life on the Internet to help villagers sell their products. To make the night life there richer, he sold paintings to buy street lights, so people could enjoy square dancing in the evening.
Shang's excellent works were popular in the village. "I love his paintings and they show great changes in our village," said a farmer.
In recent years, more artists have traveled to mountain villages to record the development of China's poor areas, telling stories of the country's fight against poverty. "I've seen the local poverty alleviation. I want to record the changes of the poor areas and create more works about people," said Shang.
36．What made Shang's paintings lovelier
A．His happy life. B．His stay in a city.
C．His experience in a village. D．His experience in a university.
37．What does the underlined word "poverty" mean in Chinese
A．沉默 B．交流 C．富有 D．贫穷
38．What did Shang do for the people in Duomai Village
①he taught them to dance. ②He bought them street lights.
③He helped them sell their products. ④He taught them to create paintings.
A．①④ B．②③ C．①③ D．②④
39．What's the main idea of the passage
A．A painter spent his whole life fighting against poverty in his city.
B．A painter tried to show the world Chinese traditional ink paintings.
C．A painter used his paintings to record the changes in poor areas.
D．A painter found the easiest way to make himself famous in his country.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．B
4．B
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍高城村开展了一项帮助村民养成垃圾分类习惯的活动来保护环境。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
1．细节题。根据In June, 2020, the village started an activity to help its villagers develop the habit of sorting waste，可知这个村庄要开始这个活动是帮助村民养成垃圾分类的习惯，故选C。
2．推断题。根据the green one for waste that goes smelly easily绿色的垃圾桶用来放容易发臭的垃圾，可知蔬菜的叶子应该放进绿色的箱子里，故选A。
3．细节题。根据Once a month families can change the total scores into things such as eggs and cooking oil，可知村民们可以把分数换成鸡蛋和食用油是正确的，故选B。
4．主旨题。本文介绍高城村开展了一项帮助村民养成垃圾分类习惯的活动来保护环境，可知这篇文章的主题是保护环境，故选B。
【答案】5．A
6．D
7．B
8．B
【知识点】环保类；议论文
【解析】【分析】大意：作者通过火烈鸟的迁徙等事例，呼吁我们从小事做起保护地球。
【点评】考查阅读理解。注意多做练习：提高英语阅读理解能力需要大量的练习，可以通过做阅读理解练习题来提高自己的阅读理解水平。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段 So my family do what we can. We take cloth(布制的) bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. We walk where we don't have to drive… 所以我的家人尽我们所能。我们把布袋带到商店，而不用塑料袋。我们走去不必开车的地方，可知是为了做一些对环境友好的事。故选A。
6．词义猜测题。根据 a few of them first take off from the lake. 它们中的一些人首先从湖中起飞，可知migration是指"迁徙"。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据第五段 I recently learned something about flamingos(火烈鸟). They like to get together in groups of a thousand or more. 我最近学到了一些关于火烈鸟的知识。他们喜欢一千多只一组聚在一起，可知火烈鸟喜欢以一千只或一千只以上为一组聚在一起。故选B。
8．主旨大意题。根据最后一段A few can make a difference. Even if you're the one to take the first step continue trying, and others will notice. If we work together, we will solve even our greatest problems. 小事可以有所作为。即使你迈出了第一步，继续尝试，其他人也会注意到的。如果我们共同努力，我们甚至会解决我们最大的问题，可知作者的目的是为了告诉读者继续尝试，这会产生影响。故选B。
【答案】9．B
10．C
11．D
【知识点】日常生活类；环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了怎样购买绿色环保的物品及如何成为绿色消费者提供建议。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到细节题，主旨题两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案：主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段Packaging is important . How is a product packaged Is it over packaged We'd better choose glass , metal and paper packaging , as these can be reused or more easily recycled . We can also look for less packaging or even choose b agged products whenever possible .（包装很重要。产品是如何包装的？它包装过度了吗？我们最好选择玻璃、金属和纸质包装，因为这些包装可以重复使用或更容易回收。我们也可以寻找更少的包装，甚至尽可能选择袋装产品。）可知，①④⑤符合题意。故选 B 。
10．细节理解题。根据最后一段 The greenest thing is certainly the one we don't buy . Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not . Better than buying is choosing to leave an unnecessary product in the store . It sends a message to the producer, keeps money in our pockets , reduces waste and keeps the planet healthy .环保的东西当然是我们不买的。食物和衣服等东西对生活来说是必要的。但许多其他东西不是。比购买更好的是选择把不必要的产品留在商店里。它向生产者发出信息，把钱放在我们的口袋里，减少浪费，保持地球健康。）可知，我们的生活中应该少一些不必要的产品。故选 C 。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段 Green is more than just a color. It also means takin g special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take . Deciding whether a product is green, however , isn't always easy. We need to consider the whole life cycle of the product, even after it's of no use . Here is what we may keep in mind .（绿色不仅仅是一种颜色。它还意味着采取特殊措施来保护环境。购买绿色产品是每个人都可以迈出的一小步。然而，决定产品是否为绿色并不总是那么容易。我们需要考虑产品的整个生命周期，即使它没有用处。以下是我们可以记住的。)结合全文内容，主要讲述了怎样购买绿色环保的物品及如何成为绿色消费者提供建议。故选 D 。
【答案】12．B
13．D
14．B
15．A
16．A
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了西班牙的城市—— Pontevedra 发生的巨大变化。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题四种常考题型，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词句猜测题要结合上下文语境进行判断；主旨大意题需要找到主旨句或者总结全文内容得出答案。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第一段In Pontevedra, Spain, people don't shout. Since cars are not allowed in the city, there are no horns（喇叭）or noises from car engines.和What you hear in the street, instead, is the singing of birds.可知，Pontevedra 在西班牙是一个安静的城市，故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段It is full of cars. It is heavily polluted. There are a lot of traffic accidents. The elderly and children aren't able to use the streets because of cars. People who had a chance to leave have done so.可知， 对于Lores 来说，Pontevedra的主要问题是汽车太多了，故选D。
14．词义猜测题。根据下文Traffic accidents are now rare（罕见的）. CO2 emissions（排放物）are down by 70%. Many people are moving to the city, making it lively again.可知，交通事故现在很少了。二氧化碳排放量下降了70%。许多人搬到这个城市，使它又活跃起来了。这是这个城市禁止汽车之后的好处，由此可知，benefits意为"好处"，故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Most local people like the change.可知，最后一段的目的是为了显示人们对这种变化的喜爱，故选D。
16．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段In Pontevedra, Spain, people don't shout. Since cars are not allowed in the city, there are no horns（喇叭）or noises from car engines.以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了Pontevedra从一个街上挤满汽车到变成街上没有汽车行驶的城市，并阐述了街上没有汽车的好处，以及这一变化获得了当地居民的支持，所以最佳标题为"没有汽车的城市"，故选A。
【答案】17．A
18．B
19．A
20．C
21．B
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是说明文，本文主要介绍了污染的情况以及人类的活动对污染的影响。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
17．细节理解题，根据句子Our living environment is being polluted faster than before and it seems nobody can prevent it. 我们的生活环境被污染的速度比以前更快，似乎没有人能阻止它。可知人类无法阻止世界被污染，因为世界人口正在快速增长，故选A。
18．细节理解题，根据句子There are more people from the countryside moving into the cities and enjoying the modern society. 有更多的人从农村搬到城市，享受现代社会。可知更多的人从农村搬到城市，是为了享受现代社会，故选B。
19．推理判断题，根据句子Time brings us more people, and more people bring us more industry, more cars, larger cities and growing use of man-made materials. 时间给我们带来了更多的人，更多的人给我们带来了更多的工业，更多的汽车，更大的城市和越来越多的人造材料的使用。可推知人类最关心工业，故选A。
20．推理判断题，根据句子The sad fact is that this problem becomes a true story when speaking of our modern society. 可悲的事实是，当谈到我们的现代社会时，这个问题变成了一个真实的故事。可推知航空公司飞行员的故事告诉我们，人类在污染问题上做得很少，故选C。
21．主旨大意题，根据句子Our living environment is being polluted faster than before and it seems nobody can prevent it. Time brings us more people, and more people bring us more industry, more cars, larger cities and growing use of man-made materials. 我们的生活环境被污染的速度比以前更快，似乎没有人能阻止它。时间给我们带来了更多的人，更多的人给我们带来了更多的工业，更多的汽车，更大的城市和越来越多的人造材料的使用。可知这篇文章的主要思想是人类应该放慢发展的速度来阻止污染，故选B。
【答案】22．B
23．B
24．D
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲了绿色产品，详细地介绍了作者的一些建议。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，仔细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去找、捕获有关信息。
22．细节理解题。根据Where was a product produced Where are we buying it Think about how much energy was used to get it. To us, try to choose local products. 产品是在哪里生产的？我们在哪里买？想想我们用了多少能源，试着选择当地产品。可知作者建议选择当地生产的产品。故选：B。
23．词义猜测题。根据It's easy to say that a product is "green" or "all natural" but the words may be too good to be true. So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt. After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible.说一种产品是"绿色"或"全天然"很容易，但这句话可能太好而不能相信。因此，关于产品的大部分信息都应该…。毕竟，公司试图让我们相信他们的产品对环境负责。可知，第5段中带下划线的"be taken with a grainofsalt"是"不完全相信"的意思。故选：B。
24．文章结构题。文章第一段讲述了绿色不仅仅是一种颜色。这也意味着要采取特殊措施来保护环境。 Here is what we may keep in mind. 以下是我们可以牢记的内容。第二，三，四，五段分别从产品的材料，产地和产品的信息介绍，最后一段号召人们减少浪费，保持地球健康。所以文章是总分总的结构。故选：D。
【答案】25．D
26．A
27．B
28．C
29．D
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章主要给出了一些环保建议和指导。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
25．推断题，文章主要内容是列出了一些环保建议，根据文章开头和结尾可知是倡导大家为环保采取行动，所以文章是一个提议，故答案为D。
26．细节题，根据列表中第二条建议keep rubbish in a bag until you can put it in a dustbin可知作者倡导大家把垃圾扔进垃圾桶，其他选项与原文不符，故答案为A。
27．细节题，根据列表中倒数第三条建议Use both sides of paper.可知作者倡导大家双面用纸，其他选项与原文不符，故答案为B。
28．细节题，根据列表中第四条建议use a glass cup instead of a paper cup可知作者倡导大家用玻璃杯代替纸杯，其他选项与原文不符，故答案为C。
29．主旨大意题，文章主要是倡导大家保护地球、保护环境，并给出了一系列环保建议，故答案为D。
【答案】30．C
31．B
32．A
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过解释“Green”这个词，呼吁大家保护环境。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题、词句猜测题和主旨题，推断题和词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
30．推理判断题。根据Think about how much energy was used to get it to us try to choose local products. When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order directly from local farmer, ...可知，作者建议选择当地生产的产品，故答案为C。
31．词句猜测题。分析So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt. After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible.可知，公司试图让我们相信他们的产品对环境负责，但是我们应该秉持一个怀疑的态度，此处be taken with a grain of salt的意思是“不被完全相信”，故答案为B。
32．主旨大意题，本文作者通过解释Green这个词，呼吁大家保护环境，Buying Green符合主题，故答案为A。
【答案】33．B
34．D
35．D
【知识点】应用文；社区生活
【解析】【分析】本文是招募摇滚明星的一则海报。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要根据问题从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。做题时结合原文和题目有针对性地找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段The Rock Stars are student performers who dance and sing to their favorite music. The group meets at River City Community one evening a week.可知，河城摇滚明星是青少年表演者。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第一封信中Now I am doing better in school.和第二封信中It helped me make many new friends.可知，摇滚明星对孩子们的学习和生活产生了影响。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据第三段中The best part of being a Rock Star is teaching young fans how to sing, dance and have fun.可知，成为摇滚明星最棒的部分是教年轻的歌迷如何唱歌、跳舞和娱乐。由此推知，如果彼得是摇滚明星的成员之一，那么他会喜欢教学生并和他们一起玩。故选D。
【答案】36．C
37．D
38．B
39．C
【知识点】记叙文；家乡和社会变迁
【解析】【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述画家尚新洲通过画作来记录农村的变化。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找答案。联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，确定答案。然后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
36．细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Thanks to my experience in Duomai Village, I can make the paintings much lovelier," said the 36-year- old painter, who has spent two and a half years working there.（ "由于我在多麦村的经历，我可以让这些画更可爱，"这位36岁的画家说，他已经在那里工作了两年半。 ）可知，多亏了在农村的经历，他才可以使他的画更加可爱。故选C。
37．词义猜测题。根据第三段 His works show changes from difficult local conditions and people's hard times to better conditions and happy lives. （ 他的作品展示了从艰苦的地方条件和人民的艰难时期到更好的条件和幸福生活的变化。 ）可知，人民的生活从艰难到更好、更幸福的方向发展，因此他的画展示了与贫困作斗争的进程。下划线词"poverty"的汉语意思是"贫穷"。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据文章第五段During his stay, he put his paintings about the local life on the Internet to help villagers sell their products. To make the night life there richer, he sold paintings to buy street lights, so people could enjoy square dancing in the evening.（ 在他逗留期间，他把他关于当地生活的画放在互联网上，以帮助村民销售他们的产品。为了让那里的夜生活更丰富，他卖画来买路灯，这样人们就可以在晚上欣赏广场舞了。 ）可知，他通过画作帮助农民卖产品，通过卖画来买路灯。故选B。
39．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段With the development of China, many traditional ink paintings （水墨画） show the changes in southern Chinese villages. （ 随着中国的发展，许多传统水墨画展示了中国南方村庄的变化。 ）可知，很多水墨画反映了中国南方农村地区的变化。故选C。
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