备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练二 人与社会 主题11 中国传统文化的传承与保护
一、阅读理解
（2024·长兴模拟） 阅读理解
School life is many things for many different People. For you it may be fun, necessary, boring, or maybe even surprising sometimes. You may find it surprising for many reasons, and one of these reasons is being bullied (霸凌). According to a recent report, 1 in 5 young people, between the ages of 12 and 20, had been bullied in the UK. Bullying is a problem in many places. School-aged children are most likely to be bullied. Being bullied can make your school life difficult as someone or a group of people are actively trying to hurt you. Being bullied can be difficult to deal with and it is important that you know how to deal with it.
If you are being bullied, it's very important to tell your parents first. Many children often believe they are the only ones this is happening to, and no one else cares about them. Actually it's not true! Tell your parents the entire story. They are here to help and want to know what is going on with you. They may then be able to get in touch with the staff at the school in order to try to stop the bullying.
Inform teachers, principals, and other school helpers. These people have the power to help stop bullying. Sometimes bullies stop as soon as a teacher finds out. If you're being bullied, teachers can provide protection by letting you stay in the classroom. It's important to let your school know about any bullying incidents because there may be other kids being bullied by the same person.
Don't be afraid to speak up. Bullying is not a small matter. It helps if everyone who is bullied speaks up. Getting help is the right thing to do when dealing with bullying.
Don't use hit, kick, or push as a way to deal with someone bullying you or your friends. Fighting back satisfies bullies because it shows them that they can get to you. Fighting back can also be dangerous. If you fight with bullies, someone could get hurt and you could get in trouble. It's best to stay with others, stay safe, and ask the nearest adult for help.
1．According to the passage, what should you do when you're being bullied
A．Fight back. B．Speak out. C．Run away. D．Fall down.
2．What can we infer from the first paragraph
A．Bullying is really a serious problem in the UK.
B．It's difficult to deal with the bullying in the UK.
C．School life is interesting to all students in the UK.
D．Most teenagers are afraid to go to school in the UK.
3．What does the underlined word "them" in the last paragraph refer to
A．Someone who talks to you. B．Someone who helps you.
C．Someone who bullies you. D．Someone who stays with you.
4．What is the purpose of the text
A．To explain the reasons of being bullied.
B．To show the ways of getting on with others.
C．To introduce the ways to deal with bullying at school.
D．To tell the steps of stopping fighting against bullying.
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．C
4．C
【知识点】说明文；社会问题
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了校园霸凌以及应对校园霸凌的几个方法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。英语阅读理解题目有不同的类型，如主旨大意题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、细节理解题等，要根据题目类型，采用不同的解题方法。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中"If you are being bullied, it's very important to tell your parents first. "可知，遇到霸凌要首先告诉父母，也就是说应该说出来。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据第一段中"According to a recent report, 1 in 5 young people, between the ages of 12 and 20, had been bullied in the UK."可知，在英国，霸凌是一个非常严重的问题。 故选A。
3．词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句"Fighting back satisfies bullies because it shows them that they can get to you."可知，反击让霸凌者感到满意，因为这表明他们可以接近你，them指代的是前面提到的霸凌者。故选C。
4．文章大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了霸凌以及应对霸凌的几条建议。故选C。
（2024·罗湖模拟） 阅读理解
An exhibition of paintings by autistic（患自闭症的）students was held in Futian District on April4th, the 16th World Autism Awareness Day. The works on the exhibition were created by students from the Shenzhen Employment Assistance Base for Autistic Spectrum Disorders.
The founder of the base, Su Ting, who is also an art teacher, said that the exhibition aimed to raise the autistic students' awareness so that they can create value and achieve their dreams. Painting is not just a skill but a key to open their minds and improve their quality of life.
Zhong Jiayu, one of the students, joined the base 10 years ago and focused on watching and drawing fish for hours each day. Zhong's mother tried to force her to change, but Su discovered her talent and helped her in drawing fish. "At the beginning, we provided her with different types of fish and let her watch the differences, which made her drawing skills better in such a relaxing environment. " Su said.
After a year, Zhong stopped drawing fish and started to draw things she saw, and her style became clean, clear, and simple. On the exhibition, Zhong created a few excellent pictures.
So far, the base has helped over 60 autistic students develop skills and talents for employment. The base also opened a charity shop a year ago to sell the works created by the students, with the income（收入）used for the creation and arts lessons for the students. Su said that if the students can find a job, they will be happy for them. If they cannot, they can help them through the base.
5．Why was the exhibition held
A．To improve teachers' painting skills.
B．To raise students' interest in drawing.
C．To help autistic students achieve self-worth.
D．To encourage an open mind on creation at school.
6．How did Su help Zhong Jiayu
A．By forcing her to change her focus.
B．By stopping her from watching fish.
C．By providing her with a clean environment in the base.
D．By finding her talent and improving her drawing skills.
7．What happened to Zhong Jiayu after a year's fish drawing
A．Her drawings sold very well. B．She began to teach drawing.
C．Her drawing style was formed. D．She could draw any fish she saw.
8．What is the passage mainly about
A．A charity shop sold works to support autistic students.
B．An exhibition of photos by autistic students was held in Futian.
C．The 16th World Autism Awareness Day caught people's attention.
D．A base helped autistic students develop skills and get ready for work.
9．Where can you probably read the passage
A．In a story book. B．In a newspaper.
C．In a sport magazine. D．In a science book.
【答案】5．C
6．D
7．C
8．D
9．B
【知识点】新闻报道类；对社会有突出贡献的人物事迹；细节理解；推理判断；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了一个自闭症儿童援助基地的创始人苏婷帮助自闭症学生发展技能并为将来的工作做好准备的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
5．推断题。根据the exhibition aimed to raise the autistic students' awareness so that they can create value and achieve their dreams可知，该展览旨在提高自闭症学生的意识，使他们能够创造价值，实现梦想，由此推知，举办这个展览的原因是帮助自闭症学生实现自我价值。故选C。
6．细节题。根据Su discovered her talent and helped her in drawing fish. ‘At the beginning, we provided her with different types of fish and let her watch the differences, which made her drawing skills better in such a relaxing environment.可知，苏婷通过发现钟佳宇的才能和提高她的绘画技能来帮助她。故选D。
7．推断题。根据After a year, Zhong stopped drawing fish and started to draw things she saw, and her style became clean, clear, and simple可知，一年后，钟佳宇的画变得干净、清晰和简单，由此推知，她有了自己的绘画风格。故选C。
8．主旨题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个自闭症儿童援助基地的创始人苏婷帮助自闭症学生发展技能并为将来的工作做好准备的故事。故选D。
9．推断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个自闭症儿童援助基地的创始人苏婷帮助自闭症学生发展技能并为将来的工作做好准备的故事。因此，你有可能在报纸上读到这篇文章。故选B。
（2024·凉山模拟） 阅读理解
China has along history of over 5,000 years. What could represent (代表) China in your mind Here are some ideas.
The Great Wall represents China in my eyes. It is about 21,000 kilometers long and over 2,000 years old. There is a saying, "He who does not reach the Great Wallis not a true man. "Today the Great Wallis a place of interest to people. It 's also one of the seven great wonders in the world.
In my opinion, the color red can represent China. It 'sa symbol of happiness and good wishes.We can see red in our lives, such as at weddings, New Year, Lantern Festival and soon. But more importantly, red is the color of the national flag of our country. Chinese people think"Where there is afive-starred red flag, there is a faith. "If faith has a color, it must be China red ".
I think the dragon is the symbol of China. We Chinese always see ourselves as "descendants of the dragon".The dragon is amagical beast. It stands for power in China. Parents hope we can be successful like"dragons".
China is a country. But the word also means porcelain (瓷器). I think porcelain is the symbol of China and it also has a long history of about 4,200 years. In the past, people sold porcelain to foreign countries. People also think China is "the nation of porcelain". The invention of porcelain is a great contribution (贡献) to the world.
China is famous for tea. Many people believed tea was first drunk about 5,000 years ago. Since ancient times, tea has been known as the "national drink"of China. Not only do the Chinese believe that having tea regularly can prolong life and benefit health, but modern science has also proved that tea is a natural health drink good for the body.
10．What 's the structure of the passage
A．
B．
C．
11．Which has the longest history, the Great Wall, porcelain or tea
A．The Great Wall. B．Porcelain. C．Tea.
12．At weddings in China, what color is the character"xi "
A．Red. B．Blue. C．White.
13．What do Li Ping 's parents want him to be if they hope he can be a"dragon"
A．They want him to be a magical beast.
B．They want him to be a successful man.
C．They want him to be a powerless man.
14．Which of the following statements is true
A．He who never reaches the Great Wall is a true man.
B．In the past, porcelain was sold to foreign countries.
C．People think that tea is a kind of national healthy vegetable.
【答案】10．B
11．C
12．A
13．B
14．B
【知识点】应用文；中国历史
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇应用文。长城，红色，龙，瓷器，茶，这些哪一个在你心中能代表中国？
【点评】考查阅读理解。先浏览题干清楚题干问什么，判断题型。细节理解题在原文中找到具体信息。
10．文章结构题。根据原文China has along history of over 5,000 years. What could represent(代表) China in your mind Here are some ideas.中国有着五千多年的悠久历史。你心目中什么能代表中国？这里有一些想法。且根据表格中具体介绍The Great Wall，the color red，the dragon，porcelain，tea。可知本文的结构是总分。故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据原文Many people believedtea was first drunk about 5,000 years ago.The Great Wallrepresents China in my eyes. It is about 21,000 kilometers long andover 2,000 years old.及porcelain is the symbol of China and it also has a long history of about 4,200 years.可知茶的历史最悠久。故选C。
12．推理判断题。根据原文In my opinion, the color red can represent China. It's a symbol of happiness and good wishes.在我看来，红色可以代表中国。它是幸福和美好愿望的象征。可推知红色可以代表汉字"喜"。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据原文Parents hope we can be successful like"dragons".父母希望我们能像"龙"一样成功。可推知如果李平的父母希望他成为"龙"，他们希望他成为一个成功的人。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据原文In the past, people sold porcelain to foreign countries.过去人们把瓷器卖到国外。可知选项B正确。故选B。
阅读理解
Chinese mythological creatures(神兽) come into the spotlight, appearing in the Fantastic Beasts movie series.
In the second Fantastic Beasts movie, audiences enjoyed watching the zouwu, a creature from The Classic of Mountains and Seas(《山海经》). In the third Fantastic Beasts movie, The Secrets of Dumbledore, it's the qilin's time to shine.
The qilin in the wizarding(魔法) world is a very rare creature, only found in East China.
With a head like a dragon and a body like a deer or horse, the qilin is seen as a gentle creature in Chinese culture. It can tell between good and evil and can even bring luck, said China Daily. There are ancient stories of court trials(法庭审判) based on the qilin's knowledge of whether a person was good or evil.
There are other mythical creatures that crisscross(交错于) cultures too. In Chinese culture, the phoenix(凤凰) is very important. It stands for luck and is the "king of birds". In the West, it stands for immortality and rebirth, rising from the ashes(灰烬) of a fire.
Although they look alike, dragons in China and the West are very different beasts. The dragon is a respected creature in China, symbolizing good luck. But in the West, they represent evil, greed (贪婪) and destruction(毁灭), said the website Top China Travel.
15．In which Fantastic Beasts movie does the qilin appear
A．The first one. B．The second one.
C．The third one. D．The fourth one.
16．How many mythical creatures are mentioned in the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
17．What might the underlined word"immortality"in Paragraph 5 mean
A．Living forever. B．Knowledge.
C．Luck. D．Being sick.
18．What can we infer from the passage
A．The qilin is a creature from The Classic of Mountains and Seas.
B．The West and the East have the same mythical creatures.
C．Mythical creatures are all powerful supports for humans.
D．Some beasts in Western movies are inspired by Chinese culture.
【答案】15．C
16．C
17．A
18．D
【知识点】社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍了神兽在中西方文化代表的含义。
【点评】考查社会文化类阅读。猜测词义我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。
15．细节理解题。根据In the third Fantastic Beasts movie , The Secrets of Dumbledore , it's the qilin's time to shine .可知麒麟出现在第三部电影中。故答案为C 。
16．细节理解题。根据短文内容可知文章提到了zouwu（驺吾） ; qilin（麒麟） ; phoenix（凤凰）和dragon （龙）四种生物，故答案为C 。
17．词义猜测题。根据"… rebirth , rising from the ashes （灰烬） of a fire ."可知，凤凰代表着_____与涅槃重生。结合选项，可知living foreever，永生，符合句意，故答案为A。
18．推理判断题。根据In Chinese culture , the phoenix （凤凰） is very important . It stands for luck and is the " king of birds ". In theWest , it stands for immortality and rebirth , rising from the ashes （灰烬） of a fire .和The dragon is a respected creature in China , symbolizing good luck . But in the West , they represent evil , greed （贪婪） and destruction （毁灭）, said the website Top China Travel .可知西方电影中出现的一些野兽受到了中国文化的启发。故答案为D 。
（2023·莱西模拟） 阅读理解
Chinese cultures have passed on for thousands of years, and goldfish have been recorded for nearly two thousand years. A report from the Jin Dynasty described "red fish" swimming in the Red River. Goldfish were widely mentioned in the Tang Dynasty poems. They were collected in the pond(池塘) by rich people at that time.
During the Song Dynasty, a ruler built a pond in Hangzhou to raise goldfish. It marked the time when people began to raise them. However, owning yellow goldfish was not allowed because that color was thought to be a sign of the mon people were forced to raise orange ones, which is probably why that color is more common today
Until the invention of the goldfish bowl in the Ming Dynasty, goldfish were always seen to live outdoors in ponds. The goldfish bowl allowed more people to keep goldfish and interested people in raising more beautiful kinds such as the "lion head" that could not live outdoors Goldfish traveled to Japan in 1502, Europe in 1611, and the United States in the early 1,8008.
Chinese people have expressed good wishes through images(形象) of animals, plants and other objects. Chinese has many homophones, and these homophones connect images of objects with special good wishes that sound the same. The Chinese word for "fish" is a homophone of the word for "more", so fish express wishes for "owning more". The goldfish, however, also has the word for "gold", so goldfish images express wishes for "owning more wealth"
Goldfish competitions, which began in Beijing during the Ming Dynasty, continue in China. Even in Hong Kong, there is a busy goldfish market to meet the modern requirement of the fish of wealth and good wishes.
19．In which dynasty did people widely record goldfish
A．Jin. B．Tang C．Song D．Ming
20．What is the probable reason why we see more orange goldfish today
A．Because the ruler liked raising orange goldfish
B．Because people hated to raise the other goldfish
C．Because orange was thought to be a sign of the king
D．Because people were forced to raise orange goldfish.
21．What can we know from the passage!
A．People kept goldfish indoors in the Jin Dynasty
B．People raised yellow goldfish widely in the Song Dynasty
C．People had more beautiful kinds of goldfish in the Ming Dynasty
D．People held goldfish competitions in Beijing in the Tang Dynasty
22．The underlined word "homophones" in this passage means words that ____.
A．have similar pronunciation and spellings
B．share the same meanings with other words
C．sound different and have different meanings
D．sound the same but have different meaning
23．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Fish of Wealth and Good Wishes
B．The Ways of Raising Goldfish
C．Fish Widely Recorded in Poems
D．The Present Situation of Goldfish
【答案】19．B
20．D
21．C
22．D
23．A
【知识点】社会文化类；社会历史类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了金鱼的历史及其象征意义。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
19．细节题。根据Goldfish were widely mentioned in Tang dynasty poems可知，在唐代，金鱼在诗歌中被广泛记录。故选B。
20．细节题。根据Common people were forced to raise orange ones, which is probably why that color is more common today可知，今天能看到很多橙色的金鱼，是因为当时普通人被迫养橙色的金鱼。故选D。
21．推断题。根据Until the invention of the goldfish bowl in the Ming dynasty, goldfish were always seen live outdoors in ponds. The goldfish bowl allowed more people to keep goldfish and interested people in raising more beautiful kinds such as the "lion head" that could not live outdoors直到明代金鱼缸发明之前，人们总是看到金鱼生活在户外的池塘里。金鱼缸让更多的人养金鱼，也让人们对饲养更美丽的品种感兴趣，比如不能在户外生活的"狮子头"，可知，在明朝因为金鱼缸的发明，让更多有兴趣养金鱼的人养更多美丽的品种。故选C。
22．词义猜测题。根据these homophones connect images of objects with special good wishes that sound the same可知，homophones是将物体的图像与听起来相同的特殊祝福联系起来，可推断出homophones意为发音相同但含义不同的词。故选D。
23．主旨题。根据Even in Hong Kong, there is a busy goldfish market to meet the modern requirement of the fish of wealth and good wishes以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了金鱼的历史及其象征意义。金鱼象征着拥有更多的美好祝愿和拥有更多财富的愿望。故最佳标题是Fish of Wealth and Good Wishes，故选A。
（2023·青羊模拟） 阅读理解
As we all know, September 10th is Teachers' Day in China now. But do you know the ancient Chinese Teachers9 Day It is a festival celebrating the over 2, 000-year tradition of respecting teachers and education in China.
The history of Teachers' Day dates back to the Han Dynasty. According to record, during the Han and Jin dynasties, on August 27 of the lunar calendar each year, the birthday of Confucius （孔子）, the emperor would go to the Confucius' Temple to show great honor to Confucius. He would also worship （敬拜）the great old teachers, and invite royal teachers to dinner. And on that day, teachers enjoyed a day's vacation and were given dried meat as gifts. Besides, the best teachers who were chosen from the whole country would be given 500 liang（两）silver coins each as prizes.
Normally, in ancient times, there was no fixed tuition fee（学费）；the parents paid with money or food. Sometimes calligraphy works, paintings as well as books may be given to the teachers as gifts.
Among all the gift-giving traditions, the first meeting gift was a must. There were many traditions when students met their teachers for the first time. Before they met their teachers, they needed to tidy themselves and get well dressed. Before giving their teachers a they needed to kowtow （磕头）to Confucius' picture and then to their private teachers.
Though the way we celebrate the festivals is different, they share the same meaning to show our thanks and respect to teachers.
24．Why was the ancient Chinese Teachers' Day on August 27
A．It was Confucius^ birthday.
B．It was the emperor's birthday.
C．There were important activities on that day.
25．What would NOT the emperor do to celebrate Chinese Teachers, Day
A．Worship some great old teachers.
B．Visit the Confucius' Temple.
C．Invite all great teachers to dinner.
26．What would be given to the best teachers as prizes in ancient times
A． B． C．
27．What's the right order of the follow things when ancient students first met teachers
① Give gifts to teachers.
② get tidy and well dressed.
③ kowtow to teachers.
④ kowtow to Confucius' picture.
A．①②④③ B．②④③① C．②①④③
28．In which column of a newspaper may we read the article
A．Culture and Traditions
B．Social manners
C．Great masters
【答案】24．A
25．C
26．B
27．B
28．A
【知识点】社会文化类；议论文
【解析】【分析】大意：文章介绍了中国古代的教师节。
【点评】考查阅读理解。关注文章结构：阅读文章时，要关注文章的结构和脉络，了解文章的段落和主题，有助于理解文章内容和回答问题。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段According to record, during the Han and Jin dynasties, on August 27 of the lunar calendar each year, the birthday of Confucius （孔子）, the emperor would go to the Confucius' Temple to show great honor to Confucius. 据记载，汉晋时期，每年农历八月二十七，孔子诞辰，皇帝都会到孔庙祭奠孔子，可知是因为是孔子的生日。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段the emperor would go to the Confucius' Temple to show great honor to Confucius. He would also worship （敬拜）the great old teachers, and invite royal teachers to dinner. 皇帝会去孔庙祭奠孔子。他也会崇拜伟大的老教师，并邀请皇家教师共进晚餐，可知不包括邀请所有伟大的老师。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据第二段Besides, the best teachers who were chosen from the whole country would be given 500 liang（两）silver coins each as prizes. 此外，从全国选出的最好的老师，每人将获得500两银币作为奖品，可知是银币，结合图片内容，故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据第三段Before they met their teachers, they needed to tidy themselves and get well dressed. Before giving their teachers a they needed to kowtow （磕头）to Confucius' picture and then to their private teachers. 在见到老师之前，他们需要整理自己，穿好衣服。在给他们的老师磕头之前，他们需要先向孔子的画像磕头，然后再向他们的私人老师磕头，可知正确的顺序为 ②④③① 。故选B。
28．推理判断题。通读全文，可知文章介绍了中国古代的教师节，因此应是在文化和传统栏目可以看到。故选A。
（2023·仓山模拟）阅读理解
Tangchang, a town in Chengdu, is well—known for cloth shoes.With over 20 types, Tangchang cloth shoes are strong, comfortable, breathable and friendly to the environment.In 2018, they were added to Sichuan's intangible cultural heritage list（非物质文化遗产名录）.
63-year-old Lai Shufang has spent over 40 years making Tangchang cloth shoes.Now she is a master.She said there are 32 steps to make a pair, but the most important step is making the soles.
Layers（戾） of white cloth are glued together with flour paste（怒糊）."To make good paste, we make it at a temperature of 85℃.If it's too low or too high, the paste will not work, "Lai said.Then the pasted layers are dried and cut into different shapes.After this, the layered cloth is beaten again and again until it is tight（紧实的） enough to make soles and upper parts.The next step is to shape the two parts and glue them together.But still the soles' edges look fluffy.Through repeated polishing and trimming, the fluffy edges（毛边） will become smooth.Then the cloth shoes are really.
Lai's hard work touched her son Ai Peng.In 2015, Ai decided to leave his job and help his mother.He used Shu embroidery（蜀菊绣） to make the shoos look more beautiful and opened a cloth shoe store online.He also set up shop windows to show the steps of making shoes, helping more people learn about the art of cloth shoos.
29．What is the most important step in making Tangchang cloth shoes ____
A．Making the soles. B．Making the edges.
C．Making the upper parts. D．Making good flour paste.
30．What is the correct order of the following steps of making Tangchang cloth shoes
①Beating the layered cloth.
②Making flour paste at an exact temperature.
③Gluing the upper parts and the soles together.
④Repeating polishing and trimming the edges.
A．③④②① B．②③①④ C．②①③④ D．①④③②
31．How many things has Lai's son done to make the cloth shoes more popular
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
32．Which of the following questions is answered in the text
A．What are the features of Tangchang cloth shoes
B．When did Ms.Lai become a master of cloth shoes
C．What's the most important material in making cloth shoes
D．Why do more and more people wear Tangchang shoes
33．What would be the best title for this text ____
A．A Talented Shoemaker, Lai Shufang.
B．Hand—made Cloth Shoes in Tangchang.
C．Tangchang, a Well—known Town in Chengdu.
D．Cloth Shoes, Popular and Cheap.
【答案】29．A
30．C
31．B
32．A
33．B
【知识点】社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍了成都小镇唐昌有名的布鞋以及它的制造工艺。
【点评】考查社会文化类阅读。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
29． 细节理解题。根据She said there are 32 steps to make a pair,but the most important step is making the soles. 可知最重要的是做鞋底，故答案为A。
30．细节理解题。①打分层布。 ② 在合适的温度下做面糊。③将鞋面和鞋底粘合在一起。④反复打磨、修整边缘。根据To make good paste,we make it at a temperature of 85℃.If it's too low or too high,the paste will not work，"Lai said.Then the pasted layers are dried and cut into different shapes.After this ,the layered cloth is beaten again and again until it is tight (紧实的) enough to make soles and upper parts.可知先制作面糊，然后打分层步。然后将粘贴好的层干燥并切割成不同的形状。在这之后，将分层的布料反复拍打，直到它足够紧。正确的顺序为②①③④，故答案为C。
31．细节理解题。根据He used Shu embroidery (蜀菊绣) to make the shoos look more beautiful and opened a cloth shoe store online.He also set up shop windows to show the steps of making shoes,helping more people learn about the art of cloth shoos. 可知为了让更多人了解布鞋，他用蜀菊绣让鞋子看起来更漂亮，并在网上开了一家布鞋店。他还设立橱窗展示制鞋的步骤，帮助更多的人了解布鞋艺术，做了三件事情，故答案为B。
32．细节理解题。根据With over 20 types,Tangchang cloth shoes are strong ,comfortable,
breathable and friendly to the environment.可知唐昌布鞋有20多种款式，结实、舒适、透气、环保，本文回答了唐昌布鞋的特点是什么，故答案为A。
33．主旨 大意题。根Tangchang,a town in Chengdu, is well-known for cloth shoes.和全文可知本文主要讲了唐昌布鞋，结合选项，可知B：Hand—made Cloth Shoes in Tangchang.唐昌的手工布鞋，故答案为B。
（2023·郫都模拟）阅读理解
Kung fuIt is a traditional Chinese martial art that focuses on both balance and strength training. It is a wonderful way for kids to develop proper balance. Kids can let go of a good deal of energy and have fun while doing kung fu. KarateIt is one of the most popular martial art among kids because it isn't very difficult to learn. Karate is a striking martial art at first; it includes punching(拳打), kicking, open-hand techniques, knee strikes, and elbow strikes. Some of the more modern styles now use grappling(擒拿), throws and more.
Brazilian Jiu-JitsuThis is a martial art that teaches children kinds of life skills. It also teaches kids that their size doesn't matter; you can take down a bigger opponent(对手) with your mind as well as your body. Children practicing this martial art should be able to deal with such close contact. AikidoThis modern Japanese martial art is known for teaching people not just how to protect themselves but also their attacker. It requires a lot of techniques that allow you to use your opponent's strength against them. It teaches kids how to fall without hurting themselves. This can help kids keep safe in other sports and physical activities.
34．If you want to practice your balance, which martial art should you choose
A．Kung fu. B．Karate. C．Aikido.
35．What is needed for a person who wants to learn Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
A．Life skills. B．A big body size. C．A clever mind.
36．Which martial art is known for teaching people not just how to protect both themselves and their attackers
A．Karate B．Aikido C．Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
37．How many types of martial arts in the four passages are suitable for children to practice
A．2. B．3. C．4.
38．What is the purpose of the four passages
A．To let people know different kinds of martial arts.
B．To teach people how to fight with others.
C．To ask people to learn these martial arts.
【答案】34．A
35．C
36．B
37．C
38．A
【知识点】社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了四种适合孩子们练习的武术。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
34．细节题。根据Kung fuIt is a traditional Chinese martial art that focuses on both balance and strength training. It is a wonderful way for kids to develop proper balance.功夫是中国传统武术，注重平衡和力量训练。这是一个很好的方式，让孩子们发展适当的平衡，可知如果你想练习平衡，你应该选择武术功夫，故选A。
35．推断题。根据you can take down a bigger opponent(对手) with your mind as well as your body你可以用你的头脑和身体击倒一个更大的对手，可知想要学习巴西柔术的人需要聪明的头脑，故选C。
36．细节题。根据Aikido This modern Japanese martial art is known for teaching people not just how to protect themselves but also their attacker，可知Aikido不仅教会人们如何保护自己和攻击者，而且还教会他们如何保护自己，故选B。
37．推断题。Kung fu，Karate，Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu，Aikido，可知四段中的四种武术适合孩子们练习，故选C。
38．主旨题。根据的信息，可知这四中武术的目的是让人们了解不同种类的武术，故选A。
（2022·南通）/strong>7. 阅读理解
Thirty-Six Stratagems(计谋), which show our ancient Chinese wisdom, are our ancient culture treasure. And many of these stratagems can still be put into practice in many fields, such as war, politics, business and even daily life. The following are four of them. Let's enjoy the charm of our traditional culture.
Stratagem One When a thief is in your house, you'd better shut your doors at once in order to prevent him from running away. Why For our ancient Chinese, there are two reasons. First, if you let your enemy run away, he will come back. Second, once your enemy succeeds in running away, it is dangerous for you to chase him. Stratagem Two This stratagem is from a poem by Du Fu, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty. A line in the poem reads: "To shoot the man on horse-back, shoot his horse first; To catch the robbers, capture their leader first." In a war if you want to beat the enemy, attack the leader first. Once the leader is caught, their forces will break down and fall into chaos.
Stratagem Three Chinese always believe that tigers are more powerful when they are in the mountains. Once they leave mountains, they will become less powerful. And there are a few Chinese sayings linking tigers with mountains. The stratagem advises you not to directly attack an enemy in his own area. Instead, you should try to make him leave his place first, making him lose the geographical advantage. In this way, your enemy will be beaten easily. Stratagem Four Experienced fishers all know how to prevent a hooked fish breaking the line. Move the fish line from side to side to gradually make the fish calm down and get tired, and then you can catch it easily. In the same way, once your enemy is trapped, he will often struggle, trying to run away. Leave him the false feeling that he still has a chance to run away. When he gets tired and loses his guard, you can capture him with less difficulty.
39．Which of the following describes Stratagem Two
A．Shutting the door to catch the thief.
B．Catching your enemy's leader first.
C．Letting the enemy off to catch him later.
D．Tricking the tiger out of the mountain.
40．From the stratagems above, we know that ____.
A．it is wise for you to attack enemies in their own places
B．it is impossible for people to make others lose their guard
C．it is dangerous to give your enemies a chance to run away
D．it is better to shoot the man on horse-back first not the horse
41．Where can we probably read Thirty-Six Stratagems
A．In a guide book. B．In an art book.
C．In a science book. D．In a classical book.
【答案】39．B
40．C
41．D
【知识点】社会文化类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了36计中的四个计谋。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
39．推断题。根据This stratagem is from a poem by Du Fu, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty. A line in the poem reads: "To shoot the man on horse-back, shoot his horse first; To catch the robbers, capture their leader first此计出自唐代著名诗人杜甫的一首诗。诗中有一行写道："射杀骑在马背上的人，先射杀他的马；抓住强盗，先抓住他们的首领，In a war if you want to beat the enemy, attack the leader first. Once the leader is caught, their forces will break down and fall into chaos在战争中，如果你想打败敌人，就先攻击领导者。一旦领导者被抓住，他们的部队就会崩溃并陷入混乱，可知策略二是擒贼先擒王，故选B。
40．细节题。根据if you let your enemy run away, he will come back如果你让敌人逃跑了，他会回来，可知给敌人逃跑的机会是危险的，故选C。
41．推断题。根据The following are four of them. Let's enjoy the charm of our traditional culture以下是其中的四个。让我们来欣赏我们传统文化的魅力吧，可知36计是中国传统故事，故在经典书里面能读到三十六计，故选D。
（2022·青岛） 阅读理解
Chinese New Year Painting, or nianhua in Chinese, is a kind of traditional paintings to be put up on walls and windows during the Spring Festival. Its bright colors and different subjects show the Chinese great expectation for happiness and wealth.
Chinese New Year Painting is an old handicraft. Its original(最初的)form was a picture of a door god during the Tang Dynasty. Later, more subjects such as the Kitchen God, women and babies were included. As the Chinese New Year arrives, every family puts up its New Year paintings in order to say goodbye to the past and welcome the future. One of the most famous woodblock New Year paintings comes from Yangjiabu of Shandong Province. It covers all kinds of themes and forms. They reflect people's everyday life.
As time went by, people found New Year paintings old-fashioned. Besides, they considered the door god too scary to hang in their homes. They wanted something more artistic. So in the middle of the 1980s, the sales of New Year paintings dropped greatly.
Usually colorful woodblock New Year paintings are produced in four steps. Firstly, artists draw a simple sketch(素描)on the paper. Secondly, they make the simple sketch on the wood board and print a few samples(样品). Thirdly, they add color to the sample. Lastly, when the preparation is finished, the printers paint color on the color board, and then put paper on the wood board and brush the paper. Then the colorful woodblock New Year paintings are ready.
There are four main themes in the Chinese New Year paintings…
42．Which is the first form of Chinese New Year Painting
A．A picture of babies.
B．A picture of a door god.
C．A picture of women.
D．A picture of the Kitchen God.
43．Why did fewer and fewer people buy Chinese New Year paintings in the middle of the 1980s Because people ____.
A．wanted something that was full of art
B．found New Year paintings unimportant
C．thought the door god couldn't bring good luck
D．found it hard to produce New Year paintings
44．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A．How artists add color to the sample.
B．What woodblock New Year paintings reflect.
C．How artists produce colorful woodblock New Year paintings.
D．Who makes the simple sketch on the wood board and the paper.
45．In which part of a magazine can you read this text
A．Culture. B．Nature. C．Education. D．Health.
46．What will the writer probably write next
A．The history of Chinese New Year Painting.
B．The development of Chinese New Year Painting.
C．The process of creating Chinese New Year Painting.
D．The introduction to main themes of Chinese New Year Painting.
【答案】42．B
43．A
44．C
45．A
46．D
【知识点】社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了中国的年画。
【点评】考查阅读理解题。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
42．细节理解题。根据Its original(最初的) form was a picture of a door god during theTang Dynasty (它最初的形式是唐朝时期的门神画)，可知最初的年画是一副门神的画。故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据They wanted something more artistic (他们想要更有艺术性的东西)，可知20世纪80年代中期越来越少人买年画，其原因是人们想要充满艺术气息的东西。故选A。
44．段落大意题。根据Usually, colorful woodblock New Year paintings are produced in four steps (通常，制作五颜六色的木板年画需要四个步骤) ，可知第四段讲述怎样制作木板年画。故选C。
45．文章来源题。根据Chines Nw YearPainting, or nianhua in Chinese, is a kind of traditional paintings (中国的年画是一种传统的图画) ,可知文章介绍的是中国的年画，属于文化范畴。故选A。
46．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段There are four main themes in the Chinese New Year paintings... (在中国年画中有四个主题……) ,可知作者接下来会介绍中国年画的主题。故选D。
1 / 1备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练二 人与社会 主题11 中国传统文化的传承与保护
一、阅读理解
（2024·长兴模拟） 阅读理解
School life is many things for many different People. For you it may be fun, necessary, boring, or maybe even surprising sometimes. You may find it surprising for many reasons, and one of these reasons is being bullied (霸凌). According to a recent report, 1 in 5 young people, between the ages of 12 and 20, had been bullied in the UK. Bullying is a problem in many places. School-aged children are most likely to be bullied. Being bullied can make your school life difficult as someone or a group of people are actively trying to hurt you. Being bullied can be difficult to deal with and it is important that you know how to deal with it.
If you are being bullied, it's very important to tell your parents first. Many children often believe they are the only ones this is happening to, and no one else cares about them. Actually it's not true! Tell your parents the entire story. They are here to help and want to know what is going on with you. They may then be able to get in touch with the staff at the school in order to try to stop the bullying.
Inform teachers, principals, and other school helpers. These people have the power to help stop bullying. Sometimes bullies stop as soon as a teacher finds out. If you're being bullied, teachers can provide protection by letting you stay in the classroom. It's important to let your school know about any bullying incidents because there may be other kids being bullied by the same person.
Don't be afraid to speak up. Bullying is not a small matter. It helps if everyone who is bullied speaks up. Getting help is the right thing to do when dealing with bullying.
Don't use hit, kick, or push as a way to deal with someone bullying you or your friends. Fighting back satisfies bullies because it shows them that they can get to you. Fighting back can also be dangerous. If you fight with bullies, someone could get hurt and you could get in trouble. It's best to stay with others, stay safe, and ask the nearest adult for help.
1．According to the passage, what should you do when you're being bullied
A．Fight back. B．Speak out. C．Run away. D．Fall down.
2．What can we infer from the first paragraph
A．Bullying is really a serious problem in the UK.
B．It's difficult to deal with the bullying in the UK.
C．School life is interesting to all students in the UK.
D．Most teenagers are afraid to go to school in the UK.
3．What does the underlined word "them" in the last paragraph refer to
A．Someone who talks to you. B．Someone who helps you.
C．Someone who bullies you. D．Someone who stays with you.
4．What is the purpose of the text
A．To explain the reasons of being bullied.
B．To show the ways of getting on with others.
C．To introduce the ways to deal with bullying at school.
D．To tell the steps of stopping fighting against bullying.
（2024·罗湖模拟） 阅读理解
An exhibition of paintings by autistic（患自闭症的）students was held in Futian District on April4th, the 16th World Autism Awareness Day. The works on the exhibition were created by students from the Shenzhen Employment Assistance Base for Autistic Spectrum Disorders.
The founder of the base, Su Ting, who is also an art teacher, said that the exhibition aimed to raise the autistic students' awareness so that they can create value and achieve their dreams. Painting is not just a skill but a key to open their minds and improve their quality of life.
Zhong Jiayu, one of the students, joined the base 10 years ago and focused on watching and drawing fish for hours each day. Zhong's mother tried to force her to change, but Su discovered her talent and helped her in drawing fish. "At the beginning, we provided her with different types of fish and let her watch the differences, which made her drawing skills better in such a relaxing environment. " Su said.
After a year, Zhong stopped drawing fish and started to draw things she saw, and her style became clean, clear, and simple. On the exhibition, Zhong created a few excellent pictures.
So far, the base has helped over 60 autistic students develop skills and talents for employment. The base also opened a charity shop a year ago to sell the works created by the students, with the income（收入）used for the creation and arts lessons for the students. Su said that if the students can find a job, they will be happy for them. If they cannot, they can help them through the base.
5．Why was the exhibition held
A．To improve teachers' painting skills.
B．To raise students' interest in drawing.
C．To help autistic students achieve self-worth.
D．To encourage an open mind on creation at school.
6．How did Su help Zhong Jiayu
A．By forcing her to change her focus.
B．By stopping her from watching fish.
C．By providing her with a clean environment in the base.
D．By finding her talent and improving her drawing skills.
7．What happened to Zhong Jiayu after a year's fish drawing
A．Her drawings sold very well. B．She began to teach drawing.
C．Her drawing style was formed. D．She could draw any fish she saw.
8．What is the passage mainly about
A．A charity shop sold works to support autistic students.
B．An exhibition of photos by autistic students was held in Futian.
C．The 16th World Autism Awareness Day caught people's attention.
D．A base helped autistic students develop skills and get ready for work.
9．Where can you probably read the passage
A．In a story book. B．In a newspaper.
C．In a sport magazine. D．In a science book.
（2024·凉山模拟） 阅读理解
China has along history of over 5,000 years. What could represent (代表) China in your mind Here are some ideas.
The Great Wall represents China in my eyes. It is about 21,000 kilometers long and over 2,000 years old. There is a saying, "He who does not reach the Great Wallis not a true man. "Today the Great Wallis a place of interest to people. It 's also one of the seven great wonders in the world.
In my opinion, the color red can represent China. It 'sa symbol of happiness and good wishes.We can see red in our lives, such as at weddings, New Year, Lantern Festival and soon. But more importantly, red is the color of the national flag of our country. Chinese people think"Where there is afive-starred red flag, there is a faith. "If faith has a color, it must be China red ".
I think the dragon is the symbol of China. We Chinese always see ourselves as "descendants of the dragon".The dragon is amagical beast. It stands for power in China. Parents hope we can be successful like"dragons".
China is a country. But the word also means porcelain (瓷器). I think porcelain is the symbol of China and it also has a long history of about 4,200 years. In the past, people sold porcelain to foreign countries. People also think China is "the nation of porcelain". The invention of porcelain is a great contribution (贡献) to the world.
China is famous for tea. Many people believed tea was first drunk about 5,000 years ago. Since ancient times, tea has been known as the "national drink"of China. Not only do the Chinese believe that having tea regularly can prolong life and benefit health, but modern science has also proved that tea is a natural health drink good for the body.
10．What 's the structure of the passage
A．
B．
C．
11．Which has the longest history, the Great Wall, porcelain or tea
A．The Great Wall. B．Porcelain. C．Tea.
12．At weddings in China, what color is the character"xi "
A．Red. B．Blue. C．White.
13．What do Li Ping 's parents want him to be if they hope he can be a"dragon"
A．They want him to be a magical beast.
B．They want him to be a successful man.
C．They want him to be a powerless man.
14．Which of the following statements is true
A．He who never reaches the Great Wall is a true man.
B．In the past, porcelain was sold to foreign countries.
C．People think that tea is a kind of national healthy vegetable.
阅读理解
Chinese mythological creatures(神兽) come into the spotlight, appearing in the Fantastic Beasts movie series.
In the second Fantastic Beasts movie, audiences enjoyed watching the zouwu, a creature from The Classic of Mountains and Seas(《山海经》). In the third Fantastic Beasts movie, The Secrets of Dumbledore, it's the qilin's time to shine.
The qilin in the wizarding(魔法) world is a very rare creature, only found in East China.
With a head like a dragon and a body like a deer or horse, the qilin is seen as a gentle creature in Chinese culture. It can tell between good and evil and can even bring luck, said China Daily. There are ancient stories of court trials(法庭审判) based on the qilin's knowledge of whether a person was good or evil.
There are other mythical creatures that crisscross(交错于) cultures too. In Chinese culture, the phoenix(凤凰) is very important. It stands for luck and is the "king of birds". In the West, it stands for immortality and rebirth, rising from the ashes(灰烬) of a fire.
Although they look alike, dragons in China and the West are very different beasts. The dragon is a respected creature in China, symbolizing good luck. But in the West, they represent evil, greed (贪婪) and destruction(毁灭), said the website Top China Travel.
15．In which Fantastic Beasts movie does the qilin appear
A．The first one. B．The second one.
C．The third one. D．The fourth one.
16．How many mythical creatures are mentioned in the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
17．What might the underlined word"immortality"in Paragraph 5 mean
A．Living forever. B．Knowledge.
C．Luck. D．Being sick.
18．What can we infer from the passage
A．The qilin is a creature from The Classic of Mountains and Seas.
B．The West and the East have the same mythical creatures.
C．Mythical creatures are all powerful supports for humans.
D．Some beasts in Western movies are inspired by Chinese culture.
（2023·莱西模拟） 阅读理解
Chinese cultures have passed on for thousands of years, and goldfish have been recorded for nearly two thousand years. A report from the Jin Dynasty described "red fish" swimming in the Red River. Goldfish were widely mentioned in the Tang Dynasty poems. They were collected in the pond(池塘) by rich people at that time.
During the Song Dynasty, a ruler built a pond in Hangzhou to raise goldfish. It marked the time when people began to raise them. However, owning yellow goldfish was not allowed because that color was thought to be a sign of the mon people were forced to raise orange ones, which is probably why that color is more common today
Until the invention of the goldfish bowl in the Ming Dynasty, goldfish were always seen to live outdoors in ponds. The goldfish bowl allowed more people to keep goldfish and interested people in raising more beautiful kinds such as the "lion head" that could not live outdoors Goldfish traveled to Japan in 1502, Europe in 1611, and the United States in the early 1,8008.
Chinese people have expressed good wishes through images(形象) of animals, plants and other objects. Chinese has many homophones, and these homophones connect images of objects with special good wishes that sound the same. The Chinese word for "fish" is a homophone of the word for "more", so fish express wishes for "owning more". The goldfish, however, also has the word for "gold", so goldfish images express wishes for "owning more wealth"
Goldfish competitions, which began in Beijing during the Ming Dynasty, continue in China. Even in Hong Kong, there is a busy goldfish market to meet the modern requirement of the fish of wealth and good wishes.
19．In which dynasty did people widely record goldfish
A．Jin. B．Tang C．Song D．Ming
20．What is the probable reason why we see more orange goldfish today
A．Because the ruler liked raising orange goldfish
B．Because people hated to raise the other goldfish
C．Because orange was thought to be a sign of the king
D．Because people were forced to raise orange goldfish.
21．What can we know from the passage!
A．People kept goldfish indoors in the Jin Dynasty
B．People raised yellow goldfish widely in the Song Dynasty
C．People had more beautiful kinds of goldfish in the Ming Dynasty
D．People held goldfish competitions in Beijing in the Tang Dynasty
22．The underlined word "homophones" in this passage means words that ____.
A．have similar pronunciation and spellings
B．share the same meanings with other words
C．sound different and have different meanings
D．sound the same but have different meaning
23．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Fish of Wealth and Good Wishes
B．The Ways of Raising Goldfish
C．Fish Widely Recorded in Poems
D．The Present Situation of Goldfish
（2023·青羊模拟） 阅读理解
As we all know, September 10th is Teachers' Day in China now. But do you know the ancient Chinese Teachers9 Day It is a festival celebrating the over 2, 000-year tradition of respecting teachers and education in China.
The history of Teachers' Day dates back to the Han Dynasty. According to record, during the Han and Jin dynasties, on August 27 of the lunar calendar each year, the birthday of Confucius （孔子）, the emperor would go to the Confucius' Temple to show great honor to Confucius. He would also worship （敬拜）the great old teachers, and invite royal teachers to dinner. And on that day, teachers enjoyed a day's vacation and were given dried meat as gifts. Besides, the best teachers who were chosen from the whole country would be given 500 liang（两）silver coins each as prizes.
Normally, in ancient times, there was no fixed tuition fee（学费）；the parents paid with money or food. Sometimes calligraphy works, paintings as well as books may be given to the teachers as gifts.
Among all the gift-giving traditions, the first meeting gift was a must. There were many traditions when students met their teachers for the first time. Before they met their teachers, they needed to tidy themselves and get well dressed. Before giving their teachers a they needed to kowtow （磕头）to Confucius' picture and then to their private teachers.
Though the way we celebrate the festivals is different, they share the same meaning to show our thanks and respect to teachers.
24．Why was the ancient Chinese Teachers' Day on August 27
A．It was Confucius^ birthday.
B．It was the emperor's birthday.
C．There were important activities on that day.
25．What would NOT the emperor do to celebrate Chinese Teachers, Day
A．Worship some great old teachers.
B．Visit the Confucius' Temple.
C．Invite all great teachers to dinner.
26．What would be given to the best teachers as prizes in ancient times
A． B． C．
27．What's the right order of the follow things when ancient students first met teachers
① Give gifts to teachers.
② get tidy and well dressed.
③ kowtow to teachers.
④ kowtow to Confucius' picture.
A．①②④③ B．②④③① C．②①④③
28．In which column of a newspaper may we read the article
A．Culture and Traditions
B．Social manners
C．Great masters
（2023·仓山模拟）阅读理解
Tangchang, a town in Chengdu, is well—known for cloth shoes.With over 20 types, Tangchang cloth shoes are strong, comfortable, breathable and friendly to the environment.In 2018, they were added to Sichuan's intangible cultural heritage list（非物质文化遗产名录）.
63-year-old Lai Shufang has spent over 40 years making Tangchang cloth shoes.Now she is a master.She said there are 32 steps to make a pair, but the most important step is making the soles.
Layers（戾） of white cloth are glued together with flour paste（怒糊）."To make good paste, we make it at a temperature of 85℃.If it's too low or too high, the paste will not work, "Lai said.Then the pasted layers are dried and cut into different shapes.After this, the layered cloth is beaten again and again until it is tight（紧实的） enough to make soles and upper parts.The next step is to shape the two parts and glue them together.But still the soles' edges look fluffy.Through repeated polishing and trimming, the fluffy edges（毛边） will become smooth.Then the cloth shoes are really.
Lai's hard work touched her son Ai Peng.In 2015, Ai decided to leave his job and help his mother.He used Shu embroidery（蜀菊绣） to make the shoos look more beautiful and opened a cloth shoe store online.He also set up shop windows to show the steps of making shoes, helping more people learn about the art of cloth shoos.
29．What is the most important step in making Tangchang cloth shoes ____
A．Making the soles. B．Making the edges.
C．Making the upper parts. D．Making good flour paste.
30．What is the correct order of the following steps of making Tangchang cloth shoes
①Beating the layered cloth.
②Making flour paste at an exact temperature.
③Gluing the upper parts and the soles together.
④Repeating polishing and trimming the edges.
A．③④②① B．②③①④ C．②①③④ D．①④③②
31．How many things has Lai's son done to make the cloth shoes more popular
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
32．Which of the following questions is answered in the text
A．What are the features of Tangchang cloth shoes
B．When did Ms.Lai become a master of cloth shoes
C．What's the most important material in making cloth shoes
D．Why do more and more people wear Tangchang shoes
33．What would be the best title for this text ____
A．A Talented Shoemaker, Lai Shufang.
B．Hand—made Cloth Shoes in Tangchang.
C．Tangchang, a Well—known Town in Chengdu.
D．Cloth Shoes, Popular and Cheap.
（2023·郫都模拟）阅读理解
Kung fuIt is a traditional Chinese martial art that focuses on both balance and strength training. It is a wonderful way for kids to develop proper balance. Kids can let go of a good deal of energy and have fun while doing kung fu. KarateIt is one of the most popular martial art among kids because it isn't very difficult to learn. Karate is a striking martial art at first; it includes punching(拳打), kicking, open-hand techniques, knee strikes, and elbow strikes. Some of the more modern styles now use grappling(擒拿), throws and more.
Brazilian Jiu-JitsuThis is a martial art that teaches children kinds of life skills. It also teaches kids that their size doesn't matter; you can take down a bigger opponent(对手) with your mind as well as your body. Children practicing this martial art should be able to deal with such close contact. AikidoThis modern Japanese martial art is known for teaching people not just how to protect themselves but also their attacker. It requires a lot of techniques that allow you to use your opponent's strength against them. It teaches kids how to fall without hurting themselves. This can help kids keep safe in other sports and physical activities.
34．If you want to practice your balance, which martial art should you choose
A．Kung fu. B．Karate. C．Aikido.
35．What is needed for a person who wants to learn Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
A．Life skills. B．A big body size. C．A clever mind.
36．Which martial art is known for teaching people not just how to protect both themselves and their attackers
A．Karate B．Aikido C．Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
37．How many types of martial arts in the four passages are suitable for children to practice
A．2. B．3. C．4.
38．What is the purpose of the four passages
A．To let people know different kinds of martial arts.
B．To teach people how to fight with others.
C．To ask people to learn these martial arts.
（2022·南通）/strong>7. 阅读理解
Thirty-Six Stratagems(计谋), which show our ancient Chinese wisdom, are our ancient culture treasure. And many of these stratagems can still be put into practice in many fields, such as war, politics, business and even daily life. The following are four of them. Let's enjoy the charm of our traditional culture.
Stratagem One When a thief is in your house, you'd better shut your doors at once in order to prevent him from running away. Why For our ancient Chinese, there are two reasons. First, if you let your enemy run away, he will come back. Second, once your enemy succeeds in running away, it is dangerous for you to chase him. Stratagem Two This stratagem is from a poem by Du Fu, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty. A line in the poem reads: "To shoot the man on horse-back, shoot his horse first; To catch the robbers, capture their leader first." In a war if you want to beat the enemy, attack the leader first. Once the leader is caught, their forces will break down and fall into chaos.
Stratagem Three Chinese always believe that tigers are more powerful when they are in the mountains. Once they leave mountains, they will become less powerful. And there are a few Chinese sayings linking tigers with mountains. The stratagem advises you not to directly attack an enemy in his own area. Instead, you should try to make him leave his place first, making him lose the geographical advantage. In this way, your enemy will be beaten easily. Stratagem Four Experienced fishers all know how to prevent a hooked fish breaking the line. Move the fish line from side to side to gradually make the fish calm down and get tired, and then you can catch it easily. In the same way, once your enemy is trapped, he will often struggle, trying to run away. Leave him the false feeling that he still has a chance to run away. When he gets tired and loses his guard, you can capture him with less difficulty.
39．Which of the following describes Stratagem Two
A．Shutting the door to catch the thief.
B．Catching your enemy's leader first.
C．Letting the enemy off to catch him later.
D．Tricking the tiger out of the mountain.
40．From the stratagems above, we know that ____.
A．it is wise for you to attack enemies in their own places
B．it is impossible for people to make others lose their guard
C．it is dangerous to give your enemies a chance to run away
D．it is better to shoot the man on horse-back first not the horse
41．Where can we probably read Thirty-Six Stratagems
A．In a guide book. B．In an art book.
C．In a science book. D．In a classical book.
（2022·青岛） 阅读理解
Chinese New Year Painting, or nianhua in Chinese, is a kind of traditional paintings to be put up on walls and windows during the Spring Festival. Its bright colors and different subjects show the Chinese great expectation for happiness and wealth.
Chinese New Year Painting is an old handicraft. Its original(最初的)form was a picture of a door god during the Tang Dynasty. Later, more subjects such as the Kitchen God, women and babies were included. As the Chinese New Year arrives, every family puts up its New Year paintings in order to say goodbye to the past and welcome the future. One of the most famous woodblock New Year paintings comes from Yangjiabu of Shandong Province. It covers all kinds of themes and forms. They reflect people's everyday life.
As time went by, people found New Year paintings old-fashioned. Besides, they considered the door god too scary to hang in their homes. They wanted something more artistic. So in the middle of the 1980s, the sales of New Year paintings dropped greatly.
Usually colorful woodblock New Year paintings are produced in four steps. Firstly, artists draw a simple sketch(素描)on the paper. Secondly, they make the simple sketch on the wood board and print a few samples(样品). Thirdly, they add color to the sample. Lastly, when the preparation is finished, the printers paint color on the color board, and then put paper on the wood board and brush the paper. Then the colorful woodblock New Year paintings are ready.
There are four main themes in the Chinese New Year paintings…
42．Which is the first form of Chinese New Year Painting
A．A picture of babies.
B．A picture of a door god.
C．A picture of women.
D．A picture of the Kitchen God.
43．Why did fewer and fewer people buy Chinese New Year paintings in the middle of the 1980s Because people ____.
A．wanted something that was full of art
B．found New Year paintings unimportant
C．thought the door god couldn't bring good luck
D．found it hard to produce New Year paintings
44．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A．How artists add color to the sample.
B．What woodblock New Year paintings reflect.
C．How artists produce colorful woodblock New Year paintings.
D．Who makes the simple sketch on the wood board and the paper.
45．In which part of a magazine can you read this text
A．Culture. B．Nature. C．Education. D．Health.
46．What will the writer probably write next
A．The history of Chinese New Year Painting.
B．The development of Chinese New Year Painting.
C．The process of creating Chinese New Year Painting.
D．The introduction to main themes of Chinese New Year Painting.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．C
4．C
【知识点】说明文；社会问题
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了校园霸凌以及应对校园霸凌的几个方法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。英语阅读理解题目有不同的类型，如主旨大意题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、细节理解题等，要根据题目类型，采用不同的解题方法。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中"If you are being bullied, it's very important to tell your parents first. "可知，遇到霸凌要首先告诉父母，也就是说应该说出来。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据第一段中"According to a recent report, 1 in 5 young people, between the ages of 12 and 20, had been bullied in the UK."可知，在英国，霸凌是一个非常严重的问题。 故选A。
3．词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句"Fighting back satisfies bullies because it shows them that they can get to you."可知，反击让霸凌者感到满意，因为这表明他们可以接近你，them指代的是前面提到的霸凌者。故选C。
4．文章大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了霸凌以及应对霸凌的几条建议。故选C。
【答案】5．C
6．D
7．C
8．D
9．B
【知识点】新闻报道类；对社会有突出贡献的人物事迹；细节理解；推理判断；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了一个自闭症儿童援助基地的创始人苏婷帮助自闭症学生发展技能并为将来的工作做好准备的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
5．推断题。根据the exhibition aimed to raise the autistic students' awareness so that they can create value and achieve their dreams可知，该展览旨在提高自闭症学生的意识，使他们能够创造价值，实现梦想，由此推知，举办这个展览的原因是帮助自闭症学生实现自我价值。故选C。
6．细节题。根据Su discovered her talent and helped her in drawing fish. ‘At the beginning, we provided her with different types of fish and let her watch the differences, which made her drawing skills better in such a relaxing environment.可知，苏婷通过发现钟佳宇的才能和提高她的绘画技能来帮助她。故选D。
7．推断题。根据After a year, Zhong stopped drawing fish and started to draw things she saw, and her style became clean, clear, and simple可知，一年后，钟佳宇的画变得干净、清晰和简单，由此推知，她有了自己的绘画风格。故选C。
8．主旨题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个自闭症儿童援助基地的创始人苏婷帮助自闭症学生发展技能并为将来的工作做好准备的故事。故选D。
9．推断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个自闭症儿童援助基地的创始人苏婷帮助自闭症学生发展技能并为将来的工作做好准备的故事。因此，你有可能在报纸上读到这篇文章。故选B。
【答案】10．B
11．C
12．A
13．B
14．B
【知识点】应用文；中国历史
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇应用文。长城，红色，龙，瓷器，茶，这些哪一个在你心中能代表中国？
【点评】考查阅读理解。先浏览题干清楚题干问什么，判断题型。细节理解题在原文中找到具体信息。
10．文章结构题。根据原文China has along history of over 5,000 years. What could represent(代表) China in your mind Here are some ideas.中国有着五千多年的悠久历史。你心目中什么能代表中国？这里有一些想法。且根据表格中具体介绍The Great Wall，the color red，the dragon，porcelain，tea。可知本文的结构是总分。故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据原文Many people believedtea was first drunk about 5,000 years ago.The Great Wallrepresents China in my eyes. It is about 21,000 kilometers long andover 2,000 years old.及porcelain is the symbol of China and it also has a long history of about 4,200 years.可知茶的历史最悠久。故选C。
12．推理判断题。根据原文In my opinion, the color red can represent China. It's a symbol of happiness and good wishes.在我看来，红色可以代表中国。它是幸福和美好愿望的象征。可推知红色可以代表汉字"喜"。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据原文Parents hope we can be successful like"dragons".父母希望我们能像"龙"一样成功。可推知如果李平的父母希望他成为"龙"，他们希望他成为一个成功的人。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据原文In the past, people sold porcelain to foreign countries.过去人们把瓷器卖到国外。可知选项B正确。故选B。
【答案】15．C
16．C
17．A
18．D
【知识点】社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍了神兽在中西方文化代表的含义。
【点评】考查社会文化类阅读。猜测词义我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。
15．细节理解题。根据In the third Fantastic Beasts movie , The Secrets of Dumbledore , it's the qilin's time to shine .可知麒麟出现在第三部电影中。故答案为C 。
16．细节理解题。根据短文内容可知文章提到了zouwu（驺吾） ; qilin（麒麟） ; phoenix（凤凰）和dragon （龙）四种生物，故答案为C 。
17．词义猜测题。根据"… rebirth , rising from the ashes （灰烬） of a fire ."可知，凤凰代表着_____与涅槃重生。结合选项，可知living foreever，永生，符合句意，故答案为A。
18．推理判断题。根据In Chinese culture , the phoenix （凤凰） is very important . It stands for luck and is the " king of birds ". In theWest , it stands for immortality and rebirth , rising from the ashes （灰烬） of a fire .和The dragon is a respected creature in China , symbolizing good luck . But in the West , they represent evil , greed （贪婪） and destruction （毁灭）, said the website Top China Travel .可知西方电影中出现的一些野兽受到了中国文化的启发。故答案为D 。
【答案】19．B
20．D
21．C
22．D
23．A
【知识点】社会文化类；社会历史类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了金鱼的历史及其象征意义。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
19．细节题。根据Goldfish were widely mentioned in Tang dynasty poems可知，在唐代，金鱼在诗歌中被广泛记录。故选B。
20．细节题。根据Common people were forced to raise orange ones, which is probably why that color is more common today可知，今天能看到很多橙色的金鱼，是因为当时普通人被迫养橙色的金鱼。故选D。
21．推断题。根据Until the invention of the goldfish bowl in the Ming dynasty, goldfish were always seen live outdoors in ponds. The goldfish bowl allowed more people to keep goldfish and interested people in raising more beautiful kinds such as the "lion head" that could not live outdoors直到明代金鱼缸发明之前，人们总是看到金鱼生活在户外的池塘里。金鱼缸让更多的人养金鱼，也让人们对饲养更美丽的品种感兴趣，比如不能在户外生活的"狮子头"，可知，在明朝因为金鱼缸的发明，让更多有兴趣养金鱼的人养更多美丽的品种。故选C。
22．词义猜测题。根据these homophones connect images of objects with special good wishes that sound the same可知，homophones是将物体的图像与听起来相同的特殊祝福联系起来，可推断出homophones意为发音相同但含义不同的词。故选D。
23．主旨题。根据Even in Hong Kong, there is a busy goldfish market to meet the modern requirement of the fish of wealth and good wishes以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了金鱼的历史及其象征意义。金鱼象征着拥有更多的美好祝愿和拥有更多财富的愿望。故最佳标题是Fish of Wealth and Good Wishes，故选A。
【答案】24．A
25．C
26．B
27．B
28．A
【知识点】社会文化类；议论文
【解析】【分析】大意：文章介绍了中国古代的教师节。
【点评】考查阅读理解。关注文章结构：阅读文章时，要关注文章的结构和脉络，了解文章的段落和主题，有助于理解文章内容和回答问题。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段According to record, during the Han and Jin dynasties, on August 27 of the lunar calendar each year, the birthday of Confucius （孔子）, the emperor would go to the Confucius' Temple to show great honor to Confucius. 据记载，汉晋时期，每年农历八月二十七，孔子诞辰，皇帝都会到孔庙祭奠孔子，可知是因为是孔子的生日。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段the emperor would go to the Confucius' Temple to show great honor to Confucius. He would also worship （敬拜）the great old teachers, and invite royal teachers to dinner. 皇帝会去孔庙祭奠孔子。他也会崇拜伟大的老教师，并邀请皇家教师共进晚餐，可知不包括邀请所有伟大的老师。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据第二段Besides, the best teachers who were chosen from the whole country would be given 500 liang（两）silver coins each as prizes. 此外，从全国选出的最好的老师，每人将获得500两银币作为奖品，可知是银币，结合图片内容，故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据第三段Before they met their teachers, they needed to tidy themselves and get well dressed. Before giving their teachers a they needed to kowtow （磕头）to Confucius' picture and then to their private teachers. 在见到老师之前，他们需要整理自己，穿好衣服。在给他们的老师磕头之前，他们需要先向孔子的画像磕头，然后再向他们的私人老师磕头，可知正确的顺序为 ②④③① 。故选B。
28．推理判断题。通读全文，可知文章介绍了中国古代的教师节，因此应是在文化和传统栏目可以看到。故选A。
【答案】29．A
30．C
31．B
32．A
33．B
【知识点】社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍了成都小镇唐昌有名的布鞋以及它的制造工艺。
【点评】考查社会文化类阅读。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
29． 细节理解题。根据She said there are 32 steps to make a pair,but the most important step is making the soles. 可知最重要的是做鞋底，故答案为A。
30．细节理解题。①打分层布。 ② 在合适的温度下做面糊。③将鞋面和鞋底粘合在一起。④反复打磨、修整边缘。根据To make good paste,we make it at a temperature of 85℃.If it's too low or too high,the paste will not work，"Lai said.Then the pasted layers are dried and cut into different shapes.After this ,the layered cloth is beaten again and again until it is tight (紧实的) enough to make soles and upper parts.可知先制作面糊，然后打分层步。然后将粘贴好的层干燥并切割成不同的形状。在这之后，将分层的布料反复拍打，直到它足够紧。正确的顺序为②①③④，故答案为C。
31．细节理解题。根据He used Shu embroidery (蜀菊绣) to make the shoos look more beautiful and opened a cloth shoe store online.He also set up shop windows to show the steps of making shoes,helping more people learn about the art of cloth shoos. 可知为了让更多人了解布鞋，他用蜀菊绣让鞋子看起来更漂亮，并在网上开了一家布鞋店。他还设立橱窗展示制鞋的步骤，帮助更多的人了解布鞋艺术，做了三件事情，故答案为B。
32．细节理解题。根据With over 20 types,Tangchang cloth shoes are strong ,comfortable,
breathable and friendly to the environment.可知唐昌布鞋有20多种款式，结实、舒适、透气、环保，本文回答了唐昌布鞋的特点是什么，故答案为A。
33．主旨 大意题。根Tangchang,a town in Chengdu, is well-known for cloth shoes.和全文可知本文主要讲了唐昌布鞋，结合选项，可知B：Hand—made Cloth Shoes in Tangchang.唐昌的手工布鞋，故答案为B。
【答案】34．A
35．C
36．B
37．C
38．A
【知识点】社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了四种适合孩子们练习的武术。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
34．细节题。根据Kung fuIt is a traditional Chinese martial art that focuses on both balance and strength training. It is a wonderful way for kids to develop proper balance.功夫是中国传统武术，注重平衡和力量训练。这是一个很好的方式，让孩子们发展适当的平衡，可知如果你想练习平衡，你应该选择武术功夫，故选A。
35．推断题。根据you can take down a bigger opponent(对手) with your mind as well as your body你可以用你的头脑和身体击倒一个更大的对手，可知想要学习巴西柔术的人需要聪明的头脑，故选C。
36．细节题。根据Aikido This modern Japanese martial art is known for teaching people not just how to protect themselves but also their attacker，可知Aikido不仅教会人们如何保护自己和攻击者，而且还教会他们如何保护自己，故选B。
37．推断题。Kung fu，Karate，Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu，Aikido，可知四段中的四种武术适合孩子们练习，故选C。
38．主旨题。根据的信息，可知这四中武术的目的是让人们了解不同种类的武术，故选A。
【答案】39．B
40．C
41．D
【知识点】社会文化类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了36计中的四个计谋。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
39．推断题。根据This stratagem is from a poem by Du Fu, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty. A line in the poem reads: "To shoot the man on horse-back, shoot his horse first; To catch the robbers, capture their leader first此计出自唐代著名诗人杜甫的一首诗。诗中有一行写道："射杀骑在马背上的人，先射杀他的马；抓住强盗，先抓住他们的首领，In a war if you want to beat the enemy, attack the leader first. Once the leader is caught, their forces will break down and fall into chaos在战争中，如果你想打败敌人，就先攻击领导者。一旦领导者被抓住，他们的部队就会崩溃并陷入混乱，可知策略二是擒贼先擒王，故选B。
40．细节题。根据if you let your enemy run away, he will come back如果你让敌人逃跑了，他会回来，可知给敌人逃跑的机会是危险的，故选C。
41．推断题。根据The following are four of them. Let's enjoy the charm of our traditional culture以下是其中的四个。让我们来欣赏我们传统文化的魅力吧，可知36计是中国传统故事，故在经典书里面能读到三十六计，故选D。
【答案】42．B
43．A
44．C
45．A
46．D
【知识点】社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了中国的年画。
【点评】考查阅读理解题。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
42．细节理解题。根据Its original(最初的) form was a picture of a door god during theTang Dynasty (它最初的形式是唐朝时期的门神画)，可知最初的年画是一副门神的画。故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据They wanted something more artistic (他们想要更有艺术性的东西)，可知20世纪80年代中期越来越少人买年画，其原因是人们想要充满艺术气息的东西。故选A。
44．段落大意题。根据Usually, colorful woodblock New Year paintings are produced in four steps (通常，制作五颜六色的木板年画需要四个步骤) ，可知第四段讲述怎样制作木板年画。故选C。
45．文章来源题。根据Chines Nw YearPainting, or nianhua in Chinese, is a kind of traditional paintings (中国的年画是一种传统的图画) ,可知文章介绍的是中国的年画，属于文化范畴。故选A。
46．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段There are four main themes in the Chinese New Year paintings... (在中国年画中有四个主题……) ,可知作者接下来会介绍中国年画的主题。故选D。
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