备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练二 人与社会 主题14 感动中国
一、阅读理解
（2022·兴安盟） 阅读理解
Poverty( is a big problem around the world. But China has done a good job of dealing with it and it has found its own way to fight poverty. Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty. Ordinary ( 普通的) people play a big role in the fight. Here are two of them.
Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue(追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17. As a teacher, Zhang was heartbroken when she saw her students quit school after finishing senior high school. They couldn' t go to college because their families couldn' t afford it. So in 2008 Zhang staffed a free school for poor girls. Since then, Zhang has been busy asking for donations to provide money for the school. She has convinced parents to send their daughters back to school. The school has sent more than I, 800 students to universities and colleges.
When Mao Xianglin started to work as the Party secretary of his village, there was only one pathway out of the village for many years. He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands. It took them seven years to build an eight — kilometer road. Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges. Last year, their orange yield( 产量) was nearly 40 tons. Young people have retumed to the village to sell oranges online. By the end of 2019, 269 villagers had been lifted out of poverty. The per capital income ( 人均收入) reached 12, 670 yuan, 40 times more than in the 1990s.
Over the last eight years, 98. 99 million rural people have been lifted out of poverty. The 832 counties(县) and 128, 000 villages which these people live in are no longer in poverty. China has been responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty world — wide since the late 1970s.
1．What does the underlined word " convinced" mean in Paragraph 2
A．说服 B．允许 C．解释 D．题型
2．What do you know about Mao Xianglin according to the text
A．He works as a teacher in the village.
B．He encouraged the villagers to sell oranges.
C．He did two things to help the villagers.
D．He led villagers to build a road with some tools.
3．What' s the right structure( of the text (O = Paragraph 1 )
A． B．
C． D．
4．What is the purpose of using the numbers in the last paragraph
A．To praise the spirit of model workers.
B．To show great achievements against poverty.
C．To spread the ways of fighting against poverty.
D．To describe the experiences of fighting against poverty.
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．The teacher helped the poor areas out of poverty by giving materials.
B．The per capital income in the village was more than 500 in the 1990s.
C．The young people who stayed in the village grew oranges in the past.
D．Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue education for over 40 years.
【答案】1．A
2．C
3．B
4．B
5．D
【知识点】记叙文；脱贫攻坚；感动中国
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了中国在脱贫攻坚战中取得了胜利，文中具体描述了两个典型事例：张桂梅为贫困女生开办免费学校；毛相林带领100多名村民用手修路致富。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
1．词义猜测题。根据They couldn't go to college because their families couldn't afford it. So in 2008, Zhang started a free school for poor girls及She has convinced parents to send their daughters back to school可知，这些家庭无法负担女孩们去上学，所以创办了免费的学校之后，张桂梅说服这些女孩的家长送她们返回学校，所以划线单词表示说服，故选A。
2．细节题。根据He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands…Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges可知，毛相林为村民们做了两件事，一件是带领村民修路，另一件是鼓励村民们种橘子，故选C。
3．推断题。根据整个文章的理解可知，第一段主要是总体指出中国在脱贫攻坚方面取得的成就；第二、三段分别举例张桂梅和毛相林的事例；第四段再次总结脱贫方面取得的成绩，故是选项B的结构，故选B。
4．推断题。根据Over the last eight years, 98.99 million rural people have been lifted out of poverty…China has been responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty world-wide since the late 1970s可知，使用列数字的方式是为了说明中国在脱贫道路上取得的成绩，故选B。
5．推断题。根据Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue(追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17可知，她从17岁开始就帮助女孩们接受教育，结合常识可知张桂梅64岁，所以说她帮助女孩们接受教育已经40多年了，故选D。
（2023·抚顺） 阅读理解
Watching videos is becoming a part of our daily life. Most of us like to watch them to relax or kill the time. Some videos are just for fun, some are news and some are short films. . .
Two retired (退休的) teachers are well-known for making short videos. They make them to share knowledge.
Wu Yuren is a retired physics teacher. She has become known as " Grandma Wu" by making videos. She uses a humorous and easy-to-understand way to do physics experiments (实验) online. She is good at using everyday tools to experience the magical world of science. She wants young people to be curious aboutdaily life. In this way, young people enjoy finding out the knowledge of science hidden in our life. Wu is more than 70 years old now but still works hard.
Wang Pinxian is an 87-year-old marine geologist (海洋地质学家) and teacher at Tongji University. During the past two years, he has used his videos to share his knowledge of the sea. He often studies things like the secrets of the Bermuda Triangle (百慕大三角) and whether there are sea monsters (怪物) in the sea.
These videos have been popular and thousands of people have watched and shared them. Many fans express their thanks for the chance to learn new things and stay in touch with the world around them.
Their videos are like " classrooms without walls and universities without barriers (障碍)" . The two gray-haired people have created real energy(能量) to society through their actions.
6．In the second paragraph (段落), the two teachers share knowledge by ____.
A．giving free classes B．teaching in the countryside
C．making short videos D．going back to universities
7．The underlined phrase (画线短语) " be curious about" in Paragraph 3 means " ____" .
A．be thankful for B．become nervous about
C．be busy with D．become interested in
8．According to Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4, their videos are about ____.
A．science B．music C．history D．English
9．We can know that the two teachers are both ____ from the passage.
A．over seventy B．film directors
C．shy people D．book lovers
10．The main idea of the passage is that ____.
A．short videos can help people relax and kill the time
B．how the two old people create real energy to society
C．lots of old people enjoy the knowledge of science
D．how physics experiments can solve daily problems
【答案】6．C
7．D
8．A
9．A
10．B
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍两位退休教师制作短视频在网上分享知识。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
6．细节题。根据Two retired (退休的) teachers are well-known for making short videos. They make them to share knowledge.可知，两位退休教师以制作短视频而闻名，来分享知识。故选C。
7．词句猜测题。分析She is good at using everyday tools to experience the magical world of science. She wants young people to be curious about daily life. In this way, young people enjoy finding out the knowledge of science hidden in our life可知，她善于用日常的工具去体验科学的神奇世界，通过这种方式，年轻人喜欢发现隐藏在我们生活中的科学知识。由此推知，是想让年轻人对日常生活感兴趣，故选D。
8．细节题。根据In this way, young people enjoy finding out the knowledge of science hidden in our life.和During the past two years, he has used his videos to share his knowledge of the sea.可知，二人分享的视频都是关于科学方面的，故选A。
9．细节题。根据Wu is more than 70 years old now but still works hard.和Wang Pinxian is an 87-year-old marine geologist (海洋地质学家) and teacher at Tongji University.可知，二人都超过70岁，故选A。
10．主旨题。本文主要介绍两位退休教师制作短视频在网上分享知识，结合The two gray-haired people have created real energy(能量) to society through their actions.可知，这两位白发苍苍的老人通过自己的行动为社会创造了实实在在的能量。故选B。
（2023·赤峰）阅读理解
Born in 1991 in Anshan, Liaoning Province, Xu Mengtao had a hard childhood. A small room, a stove, and a small bed were all she and her parents had at that time. Her father supported the family by selling mutton skewers(羊肉串) around busy streets. After making his first money, her sports-loving father bought a television set. They watched different sports events every day.
Xu began to learn gymnastics(体操) when she was only 4 years old. To help her in training, her father picked up a small carpet(地毯) near his home, washed it clean, put the carpet on the ground, and setup a small "gymnastics field".
Finishing sixth in her first Olympics at Vancouver 2010, Xu won the second place at Sochi 2014. Then 2018 seemed to be her time towing old. But she finished ninth. After so many peaks and valleys, Xu finally realized her dream of winning Olympic gold in the freestyle skiing women's aerials event(自由式滑雪女子空中技巧) at Beijing 2022.
"Looking back, I need to thank my parents, especially my strict father," Xu said.
11．How was Xu Mengtao's childhood
A．Exciting. B．Easy. C．Hard.
12．What can we know about Xu Mengtao's father according to the text
A．Her father won a gold medal.
B．Her father built a large gym.
C．Her father loves sports a lot.
13．What can we know about Xu Mengtao's father according to the text
A．Her father won a gold medal.
B．Her father built a large gym.
C．Her father loves sports a lot.
14．When did Xu Mengtao begin to learn gymnastics
A．In 1995. B．In 2010. C．In 2014.
15．What does the underlined phrase "peaks and valleys" in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．远近 B．起伏 C．山谷
【答案】11．C
12．C
13．C
14．A
15．B
【知识点】记叙文；优秀运动员及其体育成就；感动中国
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要是介绍了体育名将——徐梦桃。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文有细节理解、推理判断和词义猜测题。细节理解考查学生们把握文章细节、快速寻找相关信息的能力，答案都可以在原文找到；推理判断则需要根据文章内容进行合理的猜测或判断句子的正误；词义猜测考查学生们猜测生词意思的能力，做题时需注意结合上下文的意思进行猜词。
11．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句"Xu Mengtao had a hard childhood"可知，徐梦桃的童年很艰难，故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子"After making his first money, her sports-loving father bought a television set."可知，徐梦桃的父亲热爱运动，故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第一段句子"Born in 1991 in Anshan, Liaoning Province, Xu Mengtao had a hard childhood."第二段句子"Xu began to learn gymnastics(体操) when she was only 4 years old."可知徐梦桃在4岁的时候就开始学习体操，出生于1991年，那开始学习体操也就是在1995年。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第一段句子"Born in 1991 in Anshan, Liaoning Province, Xu Mengtao had a hard childhood."第二段句子"Xu began to learn gymnastics(体操) when she was only 4 years old."可知徐梦桃在4岁的时候就开始学习体操，出生于1991年，那开始学习体操也就是在1995年。故选A。
15．词义猜测题。根据文章划线本段句子"Finishing sixth in her first Olympics at Vancouver 2010, Xu won the second place at Sochi 2014. Then 2018 seemed to be her time towing old. But she finished ninth.她在2010年温哥华冬奥会上获得了第六名，在2014年索契冬奥会上获得了第二名。然后，2018年似乎是她拖老的时候。但她最终获得了第九名。"这些都是一个冠军所经历的起伏，股猜测"peaks and valleys"应指高峰和山谷，即起伏，故选B。
（2023·广西）阅读理解
Peng Shilu was born in a family of heroes in Haifeng, Guangdong in 1925. When he was less than five years old, his parents died. The young boy was taken care of and protected by the poor, and he moved between different families and lived a difficult life. The people's kindness influenced him deeply at his early age.
In 1940, Peng Shilu was taken to Chongqing. Later, with the help of the CPC (中国共产党), he went to study in Yan'an. In 1951, he went abroad to learn chemical engineering. When he completed his studies, he got an excellent grade.
In 1956, Peng Shilu was asked, "Are you willing to change your research field "
"Of course, as long as the motherland has a need! " With the strong belief (信念), Peng Shilu began to study nuclear power (核能) at once. In the early 1960s, China's development of nuclear submarines (核潜艇) was almost a "blank ". Peng Shilu and other scientists were learning, exploring and practicing. In 1970, China's first nuclear submarine was built. In 1974, China became the fifth country in the world to have a nuclear submarine.
Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life on nuclear power. "I have only done two things in my life. One is to build nuclear submarines and the other is to build nuclear power stations, " said Peng Shilu.
He died on March 22, 2021, at the age of 96. As a pioneer in nuclear power, he is remembered by the people and the country. On March 3, 2022, he was named "Touching China's Figure of the Year 2021 ".
16．What influenced Peng Shilu deeply at his early age
A．The scientists' spirit.
B．The people's kindness.
C．The teachers' words
17．Why did Peng Shilu change his research field
A．The field was easier
B．He wanted to be famous
C．The motherland had a need
18．When was China's first nuclear submarine built
A．In 1970 B．In 1956 C．In 1940
19．Which of the following best describes Peng Shilu
A．Honest and polite
B．Humorous and strict
C．Hardworking and selfless
20．What's the best title for the text
A．A Pioneer in Nuclear Power
B．A Suggestion for Further Study
C．A Study on the History of the CPC
【答案】16．B
17．C
18．A
19．C
20．A
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文 主要介绍了"感动中国2021年度人物"的核电先驱——彭士禄的生平事迹。
【点评】考查阅读理解。阅读时在文章首段确定文章的中心句，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题，找到问题中的关键词。在文章中定位问题中的关键词，答案就在关键词附近。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段The people's kindness influenced him deeply at his early age.(人民的善良在他早年就深深地影响了他。)可知是人民的善良在他早年就影响了他。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据第三段In 1956, Peng Shilu was asked, "Are you willing to change your research field "(1956年，有人问彭士禄："你愿意改变你的研究领域吗？")以及第四段"Of course，as long as the motherland has a need!"("当然，只要祖国有需要！")可知是因为祖国有需要。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据第五段In 1970, China's first nuclear submarine was built.(1970年，中国第一艘核潜艇建成。)可知是在1970年。故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据第六段Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life on nuclear power. "I have only done two things in my life. One is to build nuclear submarines and the other is to build nuclear power stations," said Peng Shilu.(彭士禄工作非常努力。他一生都在研究核能。"我这辈子只做过两件事。一个是建造核潜艇，另一个是建造核电站，"彭士禄说。)可知他勤劳无私。故选C。
20．标题归纳题。根据第六段Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life on nuclear power. "I have only done two things in my life. One is to build nuclear submarines and the other is to build nuclear power stations, " said Peng Shilu.(彭士禄工作非常努力。他一生都在研究核能。"我这辈子只做过两件事。一个是建造核潜艇，另一个是建造核电站，"彭士禄说。)及全文可知本文主要介绍了彭士禄一生致力于核能源的研究和发展，成为核能源领域的先驱。所以A项最适合做文章标题。故选A。
（2023·泸州）阅读理解
Lu Hong who was listed among the finalists for Touching China 2022 was diagnosed with cerebral palsy (脑瘫) when he as a child. His disabilities I meant that he spent his primary and middle school years in pain. Every time he had PE class, all his classmates could run and jump as they liked on the playground while he had to sit alone in the classroom.
After graduation he opened his photo shop. At first, most customers would turn away from Lu's shop because they doubted his skills and service. To get customers, Lu promised to take pictures for free if customers were not satisfied with his work. Thanks to his skills and hard work, Lu impressed his customers and his shop's business grew stronger.
In 2017, with the help of the Association for Disabled People in Suzhou, Lu Hong opened a photo factory and offered jobs to disabled people. In just a few years his factory has developed from a small workshop to a proper company.
There are over 40 workers in Lu's factory, more than 30 of whom are disabled. "It's not easy for people with disabilities to find work. I hope to provide them with an opportunity to realize their full ability and go for their life goals," he said.
During the epidemic, the factory was forced to close for a while, but he kept on paying salaries (工资) to the workers as he guarded the empty factory alone.
He bought machinery and equipment worth nearly 5 million yuan ($726,000) to make sure production when his staff could not come to work. Besides, Lu started exploring e-commerce (电子商务) opportunities to increase income.
Today, Lu Hong's factory is a celebrated company that has made a great contribution (贡献) to supporting the poor and providing jobs for the disabled. In the future, he hopes to change from being helped to helping and contributing to society.
21．What do we know about Lu Hong when he was young
A．He had a hard time.
B．He was good at sports.
C．He enjoyed sitting alone.
D．He avoided playing with classmates.
22．How did Lu Hong make his shop successful
A．By giving a good first impression.
B．By taking pictures for free.
C．By improving skills and service.
D．By providing many choices.
23．Why did Lu Hong offer jobs to the disabled
A．To get more workers. B．To pay less money.
C．To communicate easily. D．To provide support.
24．What did Lu Hong do during epidemic
A．He didn't pay the workers.
B．He stopped production completely.
C．He tried his best to save the company.
D．He guarded the factory with the workers.
25．Acconding to the passage, what kind of person is Lu Hong
A．Honest and smart. B．Warm-hearted and humorous.
C．Careful and friendly. D．Strong-minded and responsible.
【答案】21．A
22．A
23．D
24．C
25．D
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了感动中国2022年度人物——陆鸿的励志故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。通读全文，理解全文大意，抓住关键词，确定答案，最后再检查一遍。
21．细节理解题。根据第1段" Lu Hong who was listed among the finalists for Touching China 2022 was diagnosed with cerebral palsy(脑瘫) when he as a child.His disabilities I meant that he spent his primary and middle school years in pain."可知，他的残疾使他小时候的生活很艰苦，故选：A。
22．细节理解题。根据第2段"Thanks to his skills and hard work ，Lu impressed his customers and his shop's business grew stronger."可知，由于他的技能和努力工作，陆给他的顾客留下了深刻的印象，他的商店生意越来越好，故选：C。
23．细节理解题。根据第4段"It's not easy for people with disabilities to find work.I hope to provide them with an opportunity to realize their full ability and go for their life goals"可知，残疾人找工作不容易。他希望为他们提供一个机会，让他们充分发挥自己的能力，实现自己的人生目标，故选：D。
24．细节理解题。根据第5段"During the epidemic,the factory was forced to close for a while，but he kept on paying salaries (工资) to the workers as he guarded the empty factory alone."及第6段"He bought machinery and equipment worth nearly 5 million yuan ($726,000) to make sure production when his staff could not come to work"(在疫情期间，工厂被迫关闭了一段时间，但他一个人守着空荡荡的工厂，继续给工人发工资，他购买了价值近500万元(72.6万美元)的机器和设备，以确保员不能上班时的生产)可知，疫情期间他尽了最大的努力挽救公司，故选：C。
25．推理判断题。通读全文可知，陆鸿小时候患有脑瘫，但是他并未一蹶不振而是靠自己的努力创办了自己的照相馆。说明他有坚强的意志力；除此之外他还凭借自己的技能和努力，将自己的小作坊发展成为一个正规的公司，根据最后一段"Lu Hong's factory is a celebrated company that has made a great contribution(贡献)to supporting the poor and providing jobs for the disabled."可知，他有社会责任感，故选：D。
（2023·哈尔滨模拟）根据短文内容判断正确
The moment that Jiang Mengnan received the award(奖) of Person Touching China for 2021, she said she most wanted to express her thanks to her parents. She was chosen on March 3,2022 to receive the award given on CCTV, which chooses 10 models nationwide every year who spread positive energy.
Born in 1992, Jiang's world has been silent since she was 6 months old, when medicine she was given completely hurt her hearing When she was a very young child, her parents began teaching her to read lips(嘴唇). They also taught her how to make sounds by putting her hands on their throats. It was very slow and hard, but her parents never gave up and Jiang leaned to speak.
When she was old enough, Jiang was accepted to a normal primary school, not a special school for the disabled. It was difficult at first. During lessons, teachers would often write on the blackboard with their backs to the students, so Jiang missed much what the teachers said. She had to copy down everything on the blackboard and study alone after class to keep up with her classmates.
Her strong willpower(意志力) made her a top student. In 201l, she achieved a very high score on the national college entrance exam and got into Jilin University. After graduation in 2015, she started a further degree at the same university. In 2018, she was accepted as PhD(学士学位) student at Tsinghua University's School of Life Sciences.
26．Jiang Mengnan was one of the persons who was touching China for 2021.
27．When Jiang was a young child, she began to learn to read lips from her parents.
28．Jiang has been silent because of her hearing.
29．Her strong willpower made her achieve a very high score to get into Tsinghua University in 2011.
30．Whoever you are, you'll achieve your goal if you have strong willpower and never-give-up attitude.
【答案】26．正确
27．正确
28．错误
29．错误
30．正确
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了感动中国人物江梦南的经历。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子“The moment that Jiang Mengnan received the award of Person Touching China for 2021, she said she most wanted to express her thanks to her parents.”可知江梦南是2021感动中国的人之一。故答案为：正确。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第二段句子“When she was a very young child, her parents began teaching her to read lips.”可知当江梦南还是个孩子的时候，她开始从父母那里学习唇语。故答案为：正确。
28．推理判断题。根据文章第二段句子“It was very slow and hard, but her parents never gave up and Jiang learned to speak.”可知江梦南并没有保持沉默，她学习说话，以及“Born in 1992, Jiang's world has been silent since she was 6 months old”可知是她的世界里没有声音了。故答案为：错误。
29．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段句子“Her strong willpower made her a top student. In 2011, she achieved a very high score on the national college entrance exam and got into Jilin University.”可知她坚强的意志力使她在2011年取得了很高的分数进入吉林大学，而不是清华大学。故答案为：错误。
30．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了2021年感动中国人物江梦南的经历，告诉我们无论你是谁，只要你有坚强的意志力和永不放弃的态度，你就会实现你的目标。故答案为：正确。
（2022·郴州）阅读理解
Jiang Mengnan, a girl from Chenzhou, Hunan, received the Touching China Person of the Year Award for 2021.
Jiang Mengnan was born in 1992 in Mangshan, Chenzhou. When she was six months old, she was found unable to speak. Three months later, she was diagnosed (诊断)with heavy loss of hearing in two ears and the doctors said they couldn't cure her.
Since then, Jiang Mengnan's world has been silent. Her parents, who are both teachers, didn't want their lovely daughter to be a deafmute (聋哑人) all her life. In order to make the girl speak, they tried all possible ways. At last, they decided to teach her vocalization (发声)and lipreading (唇语). In this way, Mengnan learned to understand others and even learned to talk with others, though it was a long and hard process.
With her great efforts, Jiang Mengnan finished her primary and secondary education smoothly. In 2011, she got into Jilin University and in 2018 she became a Doctor of School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University. She is so strong-willed and hard-working that she has changed her life completely.
Jiang Mengnan can't be a doctor because of her hearing loss, but she wants to help people with illness, so she chose Pharmacy as her major (专业). Though she is disabled, she has done what common people can't do. Her story makes us believe the saying, "Where there is a will, there is a way.
31．When was Jiang Mengnan born
A．In 1990. B．In 1991. C．In 1992.
32．What does the underlined word "cure" probably mean in Chinese
A．关心 B．治愈 C．解决
33．What is Jiang Mengnan's father
A．A doctor. B．A teacher. C．An engineer.
34．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Jiang Mengnan learnt vocalization and lipreading.
B．Jiang Mengnan was found unable to speak at the age of six.
C．In 2021 Jiang Mengnan got into Jilin University.
35．From the passage we know that Jiang Mengnan is_____________.
A．humorous, lovely and active
B．outgoing, smart and beautiful
C．helpful, hard-working and strong-willed
【答案】31．C
32．B
33．B
34．A
35．C
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍人物江梦南，她是一个身残志坚，乐于助人、努力工作、意志强大的人。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题需要联系上下文，推断出句子的意思，进而推动出单词的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
31．细节理解题。根据"Jiang Mengnan was born in 1992 in Mangshan, Chenzhou."可知蒋梦楠1992年出生于彬州蒙山，故选C。
32．词义猜测题。根据"Since then, Jiang Mengnan's world has been silent. "可知从那时开始，江梦南的世界一片寂静，由此可以推断" the doctors said they couldn't cure her."的意思是医生说他们不能治愈她，cure的意思是治愈，故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据"Her parents, who are both teachers"可知江梦南的父母都是教师，故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据" At last, they decided to teach her vocalization (发声)and lipreading (唇语). In this way, Mengnan learned to understand others and even learned to talk with others, though it was a long and hard process."可知蒋梦楠学会了发声和唇语，因此选项A正确，故选A。
35．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍人物江梦南，她是一个身残志坚，乐于助人、努力工作、意志强大的人，选项C符合蒋梦楠的特点，故选C。
（2022·菏泽）阅读理解
The moment that Jiang Mangnan received the award of Person Touching China for 2021, she said she most wanted to express her thanks to her parents. She was chosen on March 3, 2022 to receive the award given on CCTV, which choose a 10 models nationwide every year who spread positive energy (正能量) .
Born in 1992, Jiang's world has been silent since she was 6 months old, when medicine she was given completely hurt her hearing. When she was a very young child, her parents began teaching her to read lips (嘴唇) . They also taught her how to make sounds by putting her hands on their throats. It was very slow and hard, but her parents never gave up and Jiang learned to speak.
When she was old enough, Jiang wan accepted in a normal primary school, not a special school for the disabled. It was difficult at first. During lessons, teachers would often write on the blackboard with their backs to the students, so Jiang missed much of what the teachers said. She had to copy down everything on the blackboard and study alone after class to keep up with her classmates.
Her strong willpower (意志力) made her a top student. In 2011, she achieved a very high score on the national college entrance exam and got into Jilin University. After graduating in 2015, she started a further degree at the same university. In 2018, she was accepted as a PhD (博士学位) student at Tainghua University's School of Life Sciences.
"I'm always grateful for the respect I received from my parents, teachers and friends, "she said. "They never give me special attention for my imperfection, which means I've never seen myself as different from anyone else. "In the future, she wants to continue scientific research and contribute (贡献) her values to solving problems of life and health.
36．Why was the award of Person Touching China given to Jiang Mengnan
A．She did a lot of things for CCTV.
B．Her parents regarded her as a model.
C．She spread positive energy to people.
37．What happened to Jiang Mengnan when she was a baby
A．She lost her hearing.
B．Her parents left her.
C．She hurt her eyes.
38．What does Jiang Mengnan want to do in the future
A．Continue her higher education.
B．Solve problems of life and health.
C．Build a special school for the disabled.
39．What can we learn from Jiang Mengnan
A．Education can bring success.
B．Love can overcome difficulties.
C．Strong willpower is the key to success.
【答案】36．C
37．A
38．B
39．C
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】主要讲了《感动中国》奖项获得者江梦南的人生故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次细读题材，各个击破；再次细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，最终确定答案。
36．细节题。根据She was chosen on March 3, 2022 to receive the award given on CCTV, which choose a 10 models nationwide every year who spread positive energy(正能量).2002年3月3日，她被选为CCTV颁奖嘉宾，CCTV每年在全国范围内评选出10位传播正能量的模范，可知《感动中国》奖项授予江梦南是因为她向人们传播正能量。故选C。
37．细节题。根据Born in 1992, Jiang's world has been silent since she was 6 months old, when medicine she was given completely hurt her hearing.江梦南出生于1992年，从她6个月大的时候起，她的世界就一片寂静，当时她服用的药物完全伤了她的听力，可知江梦南小时候失去了听力。故选A。
38．细节题。根据In the future,she wants to continue scientific research and contribute(贡献)her values to solving problems of life and health.在未来，她想继续科学研究并生活和健康问题方面贡献她的价值，可知江未来想帮忙解决生活和健康问题。故选B。
39．推理题。根据 Her strong will power(意志力)made her a top student. In 2011, she achieved a very high score on the national college entrance exam and got into Jilin University. After graduating in 2015, she started a further degree at the same university. In 2018, she was accepted as a PhD（博士学位）student at Tainghua University's School of Life Sciences.她坚强的意志力使她成为优等生。2011年，她在高考中取得了很高的成绩，考上了吉林大学。2015年毕业后，她在同一所大学继续攻读学位。2018年，她获得了清华大学生命科学学院的博士学位，可知我们能从江梦南身上学到坚强的意志力是成功的关键。故选C。
（2021·遂宁）阅读理解
Do you know Liu
Xiuxiang This name might be strange to you, but you must have herd about the
story of him. He "carried" his sick mom to his university while studied
in Shandong. His mom wasn't able to look after herself after his dad passed
away. He had to support the whole family. Life was difficult, but he went on
studying hard. Finally he got into the university.
Many years later, Liu
was noticed by public again. He won the honor — the
"May 4th" Medal of Chinese Youth. After he graduated from university
in 2012, Liu refused many highly paid job and went back to his hometown, Guizhou
Province. There he has been working as a teacher for 9 years. He said, "I hope
to do something for more children whose lives are similar to mine."
In fact, Liu supported
three poor children when he was in high school. Till now, he has helped more
than 1,700 students and given more than 1, 00 speeches. His story has warmed many
people. As the song sings "What doesn't kill you makes you stronger."
There is no doubt that he will give more hope to more children in the future.
40．Why did Liu Xuxiang "carry" his mom o the university
A．Because his mom couldn't take care of herself.
B．Because his mom wanted to work in the university.
C．Because his mom was too lonely.
D．Because Liu was not independent.
41．Liu Xiuxiang worked as a ____________ after he graduated from the university.
A．a policeman B．a doctor C．a teacher D．an officer
42．Where is Liu Xiuxiang's hometown
A．In Shandong. B．In Guizhou. C．In Sichuan. D．In Henan.
43．When did Liu start to support poor children
A．When he graduated from university in 2012.
B．After he won the May 4th Medal of Chinese Youth
C．When he got into the university.
D．When he was a high school student.
44．What do you think of Liu Xiuxiang
A．Kind and helpful B．Honest and brave.
C．Polite and responsible. D．Hard-working and shy.
【答案】40．A
41．C
42．B
43．D
44．A
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是刘秀祥在上大学时由于父亲去世，爸爸去世不得不背着妈妈去上学。在大学毕业后拒绝了高薪工作回到家乡从事一个教师九年，希望能帮助更多和他相似的孩子。事实上，在高中时刘资助了三个贫穷的孩子。到现在为止他帮助了1700个学生并且做了100次演讲。毫无疑问在将来他会给更多的孩子更多的希望。
【点评】考查阅读理解。先通读短文，理解短文大意。然后分析问题，带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节找出和问题相关的语句找出问题答案。
40．细节理解题。根据 His mom wasn't able to look after herself after his dad passed away. 可知因为母亲不能照顾自己，所有刘秀祥带着妈妈去上学。故选A。
41．细节理解题。根据 After he graduated from university in 2012, Liu refused many highly paid job and went back to his hometown, Guizhou Province. There he has been working as a teacher for 9 years. 可知毕业后他从事老师的工作，故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据 After he graduated from university in 2012, Liu refused many highly paid job and went back to his hometown, Guizhou Province. 可知刘秀祥的家乡在贵州。故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据 In fact, Liu supported three poor children when he was in high school. 可知他在高中时就开始资助贫穷的孩子。故选D。
44．考查推理判断题。根据文章的内容可知他乐意助人，心地善良。故选A。
（2021·光明模拟）阅读理解
[1] Ye Jiaying, also known as Florence Yeh, was selected as one of the ten role models who won 2020 Touching China awards, a program by the CCTV.
[2]Ye Jiaying was born into a family of scholars in July 1924 in Beijing. As an expert in the study of classical Chinese literature (文学), she started her lifelong career as a literature teacher in 1945 when she graduated from Fu Jen Catholic University, which later became part of Beijing Normal University.
[3]In 1948, towards the end of the Chinese civil war, Ye and her husband moved to Taiwan. She gained popularity in Taiwan. With students speaking .highly of her teaching, she was recruited by Taiwan University, Fu Jen University and Tamkang University to teach Chinese literature.
[4]In 1966, the couple moved to the United States, where Ye first taught Chinese poetry at Michigan State University and then at Harvard University. Later, they moved to Canada and she worked as a tenured professor at the University of Columbia in Canada.
[5] Beginning in 1979, Ye began spending summers teaching at various Chinese colleges, including famous universities such as Beijing University, Nankai University and Fudan University. She offered her services for free and paid her own travel expenses (开销).She believes that her teaching is the best gift she can offer to the country and later generations.
[6] In 2013,she went back to China and worked in Nankai University. She has settled down in Tianjin since then. The university announced that Ye had donated 18.57 million yuan ($2.8 million) to the college to set up the Jiaying Scholarship.
[7]According to the speech which explained why she won the 2020 Touching China awards, Ye Jiaying devoted herself to teaching Chinese poems. She only did one thing in her life: bringing the beauty of ancient Chinese poetry to the world.
45．How old was Ye Jiaying when she graduated from university
A．18 B．21 C．24 D．27
46．The word "recruited" in Paragraph 3 cam be replaced by ________________.
A．refused B．required C．employed D．challenged
47．Which is TRUE about Ye Jiaying '
A．She moved to Taiwan alone in 1948.
B．She taught poetry in Canada before going to the US.
C．she opened summer courses only in Beijing and Shanghai after 1979.
D．She started working in Nankai University when she returned to China.
48．What can we infer from Paragriaph 5 to Paragraph 7
A．Ye Jiaying teaches people all over the world to read Chinese poetry.
B．Nankai University uses Ye Jiaying's donation to build more schools.
C．Ye Jiaying holds deep love for China, its people and its traditional culture.
D．Ye Jiaying wants to make money by teaching people Chinese poems.
49．What is the best title of this article
A．Ye Jiaying — A life devoted to Chinese poetry
B．Ye Jiaying — Protector of Chinese culture
C．Ye Jiaying — Touching China with her poems
D．Ye Jiaying — Professor of famous universities
【答案】45．B
46．C
47．D
48．C
49．A
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】文章主要介绍了感动中国人物叶嘉莹的生平。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及题型较多，细节题、推断题、主旨题等，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
45．推断题，根据文章第二段可知叶嘉莹生于1924年，大学毕业于1945年，由此可推断出她大学毕业时是21岁，故答案为B。
46．词义猜测题，找到recruited所在句，后面接的都是一些大学名称，句尾的to teach Chinese literature指在这些大学中职教，由此可以判断出叶嘉莹是受雇于这些大学，employ雇用，故答案为C。
47．细节题，根据文章第六段第一句可知叶嘉莹回国之后，开始在南开大学工作，其他几个选项不符合文章内容，故答案为D。
48．推断题，根据文章第五段至第七段内容可知叶嘉莹无偿授课，捐款设立奖学金，都是为了中国诗歌和中国文化的传承，让更多人受到教育，体现了她对祖国、人民以及传统文化的热爱，故答案为C。
49．主旨大意题，文章最后一段中Ye Jiaying devoted herself to teaching Chinese poems，这是她获得感动中国人物的原因，也是本文的点题之句，适合简化为标题，故答案为A。
1 / 1备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练二 人与社会 主题14 感动中国
一、阅读理解
（2022·兴安盟） 阅读理解
Poverty( is a big problem around the world. But China has done a good job of dealing with it and it has found its own way to fight poverty. Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty. Ordinary ( 普通的) people play a big role in the fight. Here are two of them.
Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue(追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17. As a teacher, Zhang was heartbroken when she saw her students quit school after finishing senior high school. They couldn' t go to college because their families couldn' t afford it. So in 2008 Zhang staffed a free school for poor girls. Since then, Zhang has been busy asking for donations to provide money for the school. She has convinced parents to send their daughters back to school. The school has sent more than I, 800 students to universities and colleges.
When Mao Xianglin started to work as the Party secretary of his village, there was only one pathway out of the village for many years. He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands. It took them seven years to build an eight — kilometer road. Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges. Last year, their orange yield( 产量) was nearly 40 tons. Young people have retumed to the village to sell oranges online. By the end of 2019, 269 villagers had been lifted out of poverty. The per capital income ( 人均收入) reached 12, 670 yuan, 40 times more than in the 1990s.
Over the last eight years, 98. 99 million rural people have been lifted out of poverty. The 832 counties(县) and 128, 000 villages which these people live in are no longer in poverty. China has been responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty world — wide since the late 1970s.
1．What does the underlined word " convinced" mean in Paragraph 2
A．说服 B．允许 C．解释 D．题型
2．What do you know about Mao Xianglin according to the text
A．He works as a teacher in the village.
B．He encouraged the villagers to sell oranges.
C．He did two things to help the villagers.
D．He led villagers to build a road with some tools.
3．What' s the right structure( of the text (O = Paragraph 1 )
A． B．
C． D．
4．What is the purpose of using the numbers in the last paragraph
A．To praise the spirit of model workers.
B．To show great achievements against poverty.
C．To spread the ways of fighting against poverty.
D．To describe the experiences of fighting against poverty.
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．The teacher helped the poor areas out of poverty by giving materials.
B．The per capital income in the village was more than 500 in the 1990s.
C．The young people who stayed in the village grew oranges in the past.
D．Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue education for over 40 years.
（2023·抚顺） 阅读理解
Watching videos is becoming a part of our daily life. Most of us like to watch them to relax or kill the time. Some videos are just for fun, some are news and some are short films. . .
Two retired (退休的) teachers are well-known for making short videos. They make them to share knowledge.
Wu Yuren is a retired physics teacher. She has become known as " Grandma Wu" by making videos. She uses a humorous and easy-to-understand way to do physics experiments (实验) online. She is good at using everyday tools to experience the magical world of science. She wants young people to be curious aboutdaily life. In this way, young people enjoy finding out the knowledge of science hidden in our life. Wu is more than 70 years old now but still works hard.
Wang Pinxian is an 87-year-old marine geologist (海洋地质学家) and teacher at Tongji University. During the past two years, he has used his videos to share his knowledge of the sea. He often studies things like the secrets of the Bermuda Triangle (百慕大三角) and whether there are sea monsters (怪物) in the sea.
These videos have been popular and thousands of people have watched and shared them. Many fans express their thanks for the chance to learn new things and stay in touch with the world around them.
Their videos are like " classrooms without walls and universities without barriers (障碍)" . The two gray-haired people have created real energy(能量) to society through their actions.
6．In the second paragraph (段落), the two teachers share knowledge by ____.
A．giving free classes B．teaching in the countryside
C．making short videos D．going back to universities
7．The underlined phrase (画线短语) " be curious about" in Paragraph 3 means " ____" .
A．be thankful for B．become nervous about
C．be busy with D．become interested in
8．According to Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4, their videos are about ____.
A．science B．music C．history D．English
9．We can know that the two teachers are both ____ from the passage.
A．over seventy B．film directors
C．shy people D．book lovers
10．The main idea of the passage is that ____.
A．short videos can help people relax and kill the time
B．how the two old people create real energy to society
C．lots of old people enjoy the knowledge of science
D．how physics experiments can solve daily problems
（2023·赤峰）阅读理解
Born in 1991 in Anshan, Liaoning Province, Xu Mengtao had a hard childhood. A small room, a stove, and a small bed were all she and her parents had at that time. Her father supported the family by selling mutton skewers(羊肉串) around busy streets. After making his first money, her sports-loving father bought a television set. They watched different sports events every day.
Xu began to learn gymnastics(体操) when she was only 4 years old. To help her in training, her father picked up a small carpet(地毯) near his home, washed it clean, put the carpet on the ground, and setup a small "gymnastics field".
Finishing sixth in her first Olympics at Vancouver 2010, Xu won the second place at Sochi 2014. Then 2018 seemed to be her time towing old. But she finished ninth. After so many peaks and valleys, Xu finally realized her dream of winning Olympic gold in the freestyle skiing women's aerials event(自由式滑雪女子空中技巧) at Beijing 2022.
"Looking back, I need to thank my parents, especially my strict father," Xu said.
11．How was Xu Mengtao's childhood
A．Exciting. B．Easy. C．Hard.
12．What can we know about Xu Mengtao's father according to the text
A．Her father won a gold medal.
B．Her father built a large gym.
C．Her father loves sports a lot.
13．What can we know about Xu Mengtao's father according to the text
A．Her father won a gold medal.
B．Her father built a large gym.
C．Her father loves sports a lot.
14．When did Xu Mengtao begin to learn gymnastics
A．In 1995. B．In 2010. C．In 2014.
15．What does the underlined phrase "peaks and valleys" in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．远近 B．起伏 C．山谷
（2023·广西）阅读理解
Peng Shilu was born in a family of heroes in Haifeng, Guangdong in 1925. When he was less than five years old, his parents died. The young boy was taken care of and protected by the poor, and he moved between different families and lived a difficult life. The people's kindness influenced him deeply at his early age.
In 1940, Peng Shilu was taken to Chongqing. Later, with the help of the CPC (中国共产党), he went to study in Yan'an. In 1951, he went abroad to learn chemical engineering. When he completed his studies, he got an excellent grade.
In 1956, Peng Shilu was asked, "Are you willing to change your research field "
"Of course, as long as the motherland has a need! " With the strong belief (信念), Peng Shilu began to study nuclear power (核能) at once. In the early 1960s, China's development of nuclear submarines (核潜艇) was almost a "blank ". Peng Shilu and other scientists were learning, exploring and practicing. In 1970, China's first nuclear submarine was built. In 1974, China became the fifth country in the world to have a nuclear submarine.
Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life on nuclear power. "I have only done two things in my life. One is to build nuclear submarines and the other is to build nuclear power stations, " said Peng Shilu.
He died on March 22, 2021, at the age of 96. As a pioneer in nuclear power, he is remembered by the people and the country. On March 3, 2022, he was named "Touching China's Figure of the Year 2021 ".
16．What influenced Peng Shilu deeply at his early age
A．The scientists' spirit.
B．The people's kindness.
C．The teachers' words
17．Why did Peng Shilu change his research field
A．The field was easier
B．He wanted to be famous
C．The motherland had a need
18．When was China's first nuclear submarine built
A．In 1970 B．In 1956 C．In 1940
19．Which of the following best describes Peng Shilu
A．Honest and polite
B．Humorous and strict
C．Hardworking and selfless
20．What's the best title for the text
A．A Pioneer in Nuclear Power
B．A Suggestion for Further Study
C．A Study on the History of the CPC
（2023·泸州）阅读理解
Lu Hong who was listed among the finalists for Touching China 2022 was diagnosed with cerebral palsy (脑瘫) when he as a child. His disabilities I meant that he spent his primary and middle school years in pain. Every time he had PE class, all his classmates could run and jump as they liked on the playground while he had to sit alone in the classroom.
After graduation he opened his photo shop. At first, most customers would turn away from Lu's shop because they doubted his skills and service. To get customers, Lu promised to take pictures for free if customers were not satisfied with his work. Thanks to his skills and hard work, Lu impressed his customers and his shop's business grew stronger.
In 2017, with the help of the Association for Disabled People in Suzhou, Lu Hong opened a photo factory and offered jobs to disabled people. In just a few years his factory has developed from a small workshop to a proper company.
There are over 40 workers in Lu's factory, more than 30 of whom are disabled. "It's not easy for people with disabilities to find work. I hope to provide them with an opportunity to realize their full ability and go for their life goals," he said.
During the epidemic, the factory was forced to close for a while, but he kept on paying salaries (工资) to the workers as he guarded the empty factory alone.
He bought machinery and equipment worth nearly 5 million yuan ($726,000) to make sure production when his staff could not come to work. Besides, Lu started exploring e-commerce (电子商务) opportunities to increase income.
Today, Lu Hong's factory is a celebrated company that has made a great contribution (贡献) to supporting the poor and providing jobs for the disabled. In the future, he hopes to change from being helped to helping and contributing to society.
21．What do we know about Lu Hong when he was young
A．He had a hard time.
B．He was good at sports.
C．He enjoyed sitting alone.
D．He avoided playing with classmates.
22．How did Lu Hong make his shop successful
A．By giving a good first impression.
B．By taking pictures for free.
C．By improving skills and service.
D．By providing many choices.
23．Why did Lu Hong offer jobs to the disabled
A．To get more workers. B．To pay less money.
C．To communicate easily. D．To provide support.
24．What did Lu Hong do during epidemic
A．He didn't pay the workers.
B．He stopped production completely.
C．He tried his best to save the company.
D．He guarded the factory with the workers.
25．Acconding to the passage, what kind of person is Lu Hong
A．Honest and smart. B．Warm-hearted and humorous.
C．Careful and friendly. D．Strong-minded and responsible.
（2023·哈尔滨模拟）根据短文内容判断正确
The moment that Jiang Mengnan received the award(奖) of Person Touching China for 2021, she said she most wanted to express her thanks to her parents. She was chosen on March 3,2022 to receive the award given on CCTV, which chooses 10 models nationwide every year who spread positive energy.
Born in 1992, Jiang's world has been silent since she was 6 months old, when medicine she was given completely hurt her hearing When she was a very young child, her parents began teaching her to read lips(嘴唇). They also taught her how to make sounds by putting her hands on their throats. It was very slow and hard, but her parents never gave up and Jiang leaned to speak.
When she was old enough, Jiang was accepted to a normal primary school, not a special school for the disabled. It was difficult at first. During lessons, teachers would often write on the blackboard with their backs to the students, so Jiang missed much what the teachers said. She had to copy down everything on the blackboard and study alone after class to keep up with her classmates.
Her strong willpower(意志力) made her a top student. In 201l, she achieved a very high score on the national college entrance exam and got into Jilin University. After graduation in 2015, she started a further degree at the same university. In 2018, she was accepted as PhD(学士学位) student at Tsinghua University's School of Life Sciences.
26．Jiang Mengnan was one of the persons who was touching China for 2021.
27．When Jiang was a young child, she began to learn to read lips from her parents.
28．Jiang has been silent because of her hearing.
29．Her strong willpower made her achieve a very high score to get into Tsinghua University in 2011.
30．Whoever you are, you'll achieve your goal if you have strong willpower and never-give-up attitude.
（2022·郴州）阅读理解
Jiang Mengnan, a girl from Chenzhou, Hunan, received the Touching China Person of the Year Award for 2021.
Jiang Mengnan was born in 1992 in Mangshan, Chenzhou. When she was six months old, she was found unable to speak. Three months later, she was diagnosed (诊断)with heavy loss of hearing in two ears and the doctors said they couldn't cure her.
Since then, Jiang Mengnan's world has been silent. Her parents, who are both teachers, didn't want their lovely daughter to be a deafmute (聋哑人) all her life. In order to make the girl speak, they tried all possible ways. At last, they decided to teach her vocalization (发声)and lipreading (唇语). In this way, Mengnan learned to understand others and even learned to talk with others, though it was a long and hard process.
With her great efforts, Jiang Mengnan finished her primary and secondary education smoothly. In 2011, she got into Jilin University and in 2018 she became a Doctor of School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University. She is so strong-willed and hard-working that she has changed her life completely.
Jiang Mengnan can't be a doctor because of her hearing loss, but she wants to help people with illness, so she chose Pharmacy as her major (专业). Though she is disabled, she has done what common people can't do. Her story makes us believe the saying, "Where there is a will, there is a way.
31．When was Jiang Mengnan born
A．In 1990. B．In 1991. C．In 1992.
32．What does the underlined word "cure" probably mean in Chinese
A．关心 B．治愈 C．解决
33．What is Jiang Mengnan's father
A．A doctor. B．A teacher. C．An engineer.
34．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Jiang Mengnan learnt vocalization and lipreading.
B．Jiang Mengnan was found unable to speak at the age of six.
C．In 2021 Jiang Mengnan got into Jilin University.
35．From the passage we know that Jiang Mengnan is_____________.
A．humorous, lovely and active
B．outgoing, smart and beautiful
C．helpful, hard-working and strong-willed
（2022·菏泽）阅读理解
The moment that Jiang Mangnan received the award of Person Touching China for 2021, she said she most wanted to express her thanks to her parents. She was chosen on March 3, 2022 to receive the award given on CCTV, which choose a 10 models nationwide every year who spread positive energy (正能量) .
Born in 1992, Jiang's world has been silent since she was 6 months old, when medicine she was given completely hurt her hearing. When she was a very young child, her parents began teaching her to read lips (嘴唇) . They also taught her how to make sounds by putting her hands on their throats. It was very slow and hard, but her parents never gave up and Jiang learned to speak.
When she was old enough, Jiang wan accepted in a normal primary school, not a special school for the disabled. It was difficult at first. During lessons, teachers would often write on the blackboard with their backs to the students, so Jiang missed much of what the teachers said. She had to copy down everything on the blackboard and study alone after class to keep up with her classmates.
Her strong willpower (意志力) made her a top student. In 2011, she achieved a very high score on the national college entrance exam and got into Jilin University. After graduating in 2015, she started a further degree at the same university. In 2018, she was accepted as a PhD (博士学位) student at Tainghua University's School of Life Sciences.
"I'm always grateful for the respect I received from my parents, teachers and friends, "she said. "They never give me special attention for my imperfection, which means I've never seen myself as different from anyone else. "In the future, she wants to continue scientific research and contribute (贡献) her values to solving problems of life and health.
36．Why was the award of Person Touching China given to Jiang Mengnan
A．She did a lot of things for CCTV.
B．Her parents regarded her as a model.
C．She spread positive energy to people.
37．What happened to Jiang Mengnan when she was a baby
A．She lost her hearing.
B．Her parents left her.
C．She hurt her eyes.
38．What does Jiang Mengnan want to do in the future
A．Continue her higher education.
B．Solve problems of life and health.
C．Build a special school for the disabled.
39．What can we learn from Jiang Mengnan
A．Education can bring success.
B．Love can overcome difficulties.
C．Strong willpower is the key to success.
（2021·遂宁）阅读理解
Do you know Liu
Xiuxiang This name might be strange to you, but you must have herd about the
story of him. He "carried" his sick mom to his university while studied
in Shandong. His mom wasn't able to look after herself after his dad passed
away. He had to support the whole family. Life was difficult, but he went on
studying hard. Finally he got into the university.
Many years later, Liu
was noticed by public again. He won the honor — the
"May 4th" Medal of Chinese Youth. After he graduated from university
in 2012, Liu refused many highly paid job and went back to his hometown, Guizhou
Province. There he has been working as a teacher for 9 years. He said, "I hope
to do something for more children whose lives are similar to mine."
In fact, Liu supported
three poor children when he was in high school. Till now, he has helped more
than 1,700 students and given more than 1, 00 speeches. His story has warmed many
people. As the song sings "What doesn't kill you makes you stronger."
There is no doubt that he will give more hope to more children in the future.
40．Why did Liu Xuxiang "carry" his mom o the university
A．Because his mom couldn't take care of herself.
B．Because his mom wanted to work in the university.
C．Because his mom was too lonely.
D．Because Liu was not independent.
41．Liu Xiuxiang worked as a ____________ after he graduated from the university.
A．a policeman B．a doctor C．a teacher D．an officer
42．Where is Liu Xiuxiang's hometown
A．In Shandong. B．In Guizhou. C．In Sichuan. D．In Henan.
43．When did Liu start to support poor children
A．When he graduated from university in 2012.
B．After he won the May 4th Medal of Chinese Youth
C．When he got into the university.
D．When he was a high school student.
44．What do you think of Liu Xiuxiang
A．Kind and helpful B．Honest and brave.
C．Polite and responsible. D．Hard-working and shy.
（2021·光明模拟）阅读理解
[1] Ye Jiaying, also known as Florence Yeh, was selected as one of the ten role models who won 2020 Touching China awards, a program by the CCTV.
[2]Ye Jiaying was born into a family of scholars in July 1924 in Beijing. As an expert in the study of classical Chinese literature (文学), she started her lifelong career as a literature teacher in 1945 when she graduated from Fu Jen Catholic University, which later became part of Beijing Normal University.
[3]In 1948, towards the end of the Chinese civil war, Ye and her husband moved to Taiwan. She gained popularity in Taiwan. With students speaking .highly of her teaching, she was recruited by Taiwan University, Fu Jen University and Tamkang University to teach Chinese literature.
[4]In 1966, the couple moved to the United States, where Ye first taught Chinese poetry at Michigan State University and then at Harvard University. Later, they moved to Canada and she worked as a tenured professor at the University of Columbia in Canada.
[5] Beginning in 1979, Ye began spending summers teaching at various Chinese colleges, including famous universities such as Beijing University, Nankai University and Fudan University. She offered her services for free and paid her own travel expenses (开销).She believes that her teaching is the best gift she can offer to the country and later generations.
[6] In 2013,she went back to China and worked in Nankai University. She has settled down in Tianjin since then. The university announced that Ye had donated 18.57 million yuan ($2.8 million) to the college to set up the Jiaying Scholarship.
[7]According to the speech which explained why she won the 2020 Touching China awards, Ye Jiaying devoted herself to teaching Chinese poems. She only did one thing in her life: bringing the beauty of ancient Chinese poetry to the world.
45．How old was Ye Jiaying when she graduated from university
A．18 B．21 C．24 D．27
46．The word "recruited" in Paragraph 3 cam be replaced by ________________.
A．refused B．required C．employed D．challenged
47．Which is TRUE about Ye Jiaying '
A．She moved to Taiwan alone in 1948.
B．She taught poetry in Canada before going to the US.
C．she opened summer courses only in Beijing and Shanghai after 1979.
D．She started working in Nankai University when she returned to China.
48．What can we infer from Paragriaph 5 to Paragraph 7
A．Ye Jiaying teaches people all over the world to read Chinese poetry.
B．Nankai University uses Ye Jiaying's donation to build more schools.
C．Ye Jiaying holds deep love for China, its people and its traditional culture.
D．Ye Jiaying wants to make money by teaching people Chinese poems.
49．What is the best title of this article
A．Ye Jiaying — A life devoted to Chinese poetry
B．Ye Jiaying — Protector of Chinese culture
C．Ye Jiaying — Touching China with her poems
D．Ye Jiaying — Professor of famous universities
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．C
3．B
4．B
5．D
【知识点】记叙文；脱贫攻坚；感动中国
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了中国在脱贫攻坚战中取得了胜利，文中具体描述了两个典型事例：张桂梅为贫困女生开办免费学校；毛相林带领100多名村民用手修路致富。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
1．词义猜测题。根据They couldn't go to college because their families couldn't afford it. So in 2008, Zhang started a free school for poor girls及She has convinced parents to send their daughters back to school可知，这些家庭无法负担女孩们去上学，所以创办了免费的学校之后，张桂梅说服这些女孩的家长送她们返回学校，所以划线单词表示说服，故选A。
2．细节题。根据He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands…Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges可知，毛相林为村民们做了两件事，一件是带领村民修路，另一件是鼓励村民们种橘子，故选C。
3．推断题。根据整个文章的理解可知，第一段主要是总体指出中国在脱贫攻坚方面取得的成就；第二、三段分别举例张桂梅和毛相林的事例；第四段再次总结脱贫方面取得的成绩，故是选项B的结构，故选B。
4．推断题。根据Over the last eight years, 98.99 million rural people have been lifted out of poverty…China has been responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty world-wide since the late 1970s可知，使用列数字的方式是为了说明中国在脱贫道路上取得的成绩，故选B。
5．推断题。根据Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue(追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17可知，她从17岁开始就帮助女孩们接受教育，结合常识可知张桂梅64岁，所以说她帮助女孩们接受教育已经40多年了，故选D。
【答案】6．C
7．D
8．A
9．A
10．B
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍两位退休教师制作短视频在网上分享知识。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
6．细节题。根据Two retired (退休的) teachers are well-known for making short videos. They make them to share knowledge.可知，两位退休教师以制作短视频而闻名，来分享知识。故选C。
7．词句猜测题。分析She is good at using everyday tools to experience the magical world of science. She wants young people to be curious about daily life. In this way, young people enjoy finding out the knowledge of science hidden in our life可知，她善于用日常的工具去体验科学的神奇世界，通过这种方式，年轻人喜欢发现隐藏在我们生活中的科学知识。由此推知，是想让年轻人对日常生活感兴趣，故选D。
8．细节题。根据In this way, young people enjoy finding out the knowledge of science hidden in our life.和During the past two years, he has used his videos to share his knowledge of the sea.可知，二人分享的视频都是关于科学方面的，故选A。
9．细节题。根据Wu is more than 70 years old now but still works hard.和Wang Pinxian is an 87-year-old marine geologist (海洋地质学家) and teacher at Tongji University.可知，二人都超过70岁，故选A。
10．主旨题。本文主要介绍两位退休教师制作短视频在网上分享知识，结合The two gray-haired people have created real energy(能量) to society through their actions.可知，这两位白发苍苍的老人通过自己的行动为社会创造了实实在在的能量。故选B。
【答案】11．C
12．C
13．C
14．A
15．B
【知识点】记叙文；优秀运动员及其体育成就；感动中国
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要是介绍了体育名将——徐梦桃。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文有细节理解、推理判断和词义猜测题。细节理解考查学生们把握文章细节、快速寻找相关信息的能力，答案都可以在原文找到；推理判断则需要根据文章内容进行合理的猜测或判断句子的正误；词义猜测考查学生们猜测生词意思的能力，做题时需注意结合上下文的意思进行猜词。
11．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句"Xu Mengtao had a hard childhood"可知，徐梦桃的童年很艰难，故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子"After making his first money, her sports-loving father bought a television set."可知，徐梦桃的父亲热爱运动，故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第一段句子"Born in 1991 in Anshan, Liaoning Province, Xu Mengtao had a hard childhood."第二段句子"Xu began to learn gymnastics(体操) when she was only 4 years old."可知徐梦桃在4岁的时候就开始学习体操，出生于1991年，那开始学习体操也就是在1995年。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第一段句子"Born in 1991 in Anshan, Liaoning Province, Xu Mengtao had a hard childhood."第二段句子"Xu began to learn gymnastics(体操) when she was only 4 years old."可知徐梦桃在4岁的时候就开始学习体操，出生于1991年，那开始学习体操也就是在1995年。故选A。
15．词义猜测题。根据文章划线本段句子"Finishing sixth in her first Olympics at Vancouver 2010, Xu won the second place at Sochi 2014. Then 2018 seemed to be her time towing old. But she finished ninth.她在2010年温哥华冬奥会上获得了第六名，在2014年索契冬奥会上获得了第二名。然后，2018年似乎是她拖老的时候。但她最终获得了第九名。"这些都是一个冠军所经历的起伏，股猜测"peaks and valleys"应指高峰和山谷，即起伏，故选B。
【答案】16．B
17．C
18．A
19．C
20．A
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文 主要介绍了"感动中国2021年度人物"的核电先驱——彭士禄的生平事迹。
【点评】考查阅读理解。阅读时在文章首段确定文章的中心句，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题，找到问题中的关键词。在文章中定位问题中的关键词，答案就在关键词附近。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段The people's kindness influenced him deeply at his early age.(人民的善良在他早年就深深地影响了他。)可知是人民的善良在他早年就影响了他。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据第三段In 1956, Peng Shilu was asked, "Are you willing to change your research field "(1956年，有人问彭士禄："你愿意改变你的研究领域吗？")以及第四段"Of course，as long as the motherland has a need!"("当然，只要祖国有需要！")可知是因为祖国有需要。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据第五段In 1970, China's first nuclear submarine was built.(1970年，中国第一艘核潜艇建成。)可知是在1970年。故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据第六段Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life on nuclear power. "I have only done two things in my life. One is to build nuclear submarines and the other is to build nuclear power stations," said Peng Shilu.(彭士禄工作非常努力。他一生都在研究核能。"我这辈子只做过两件事。一个是建造核潜艇，另一个是建造核电站，"彭士禄说。)可知他勤劳无私。故选C。
20．标题归纳题。根据第六段Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life on nuclear power. "I have only done two things in my life. One is to build nuclear submarines and the other is to build nuclear power stations, " said Peng Shilu.(彭士禄工作非常努力。他一生都在研究核能。"我这辈子只做过两件事。一个是建造核潜艇，另一个是建造核电站，"彭士禄说。)及全文可知本文主要介绍了彭士禄一生致力于核能源的研究和发展，成为核能源领域的先驱。所以A项最适合做文章标题。故选A。
【答案】21．A
22．A
23．D
24．C
25．D
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了感动中国2022年度人物——陆鸿的励志故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。通读全文，理解全文大意，抓住关键词，确定答案，最后再检查一遍。
21．细节理解题。根据第1段" Lu Hong who was listed among the finalists for Touching China 2022 was diagnosed with cerebral palsy(脑瘫) when he as a child.His disabilities I meant that he spent his primary and middle school years in pain."可知，他的残疾使他小时候的生活很艰苦，故选：A。
22．细节理解题。根据第2段"Thanks to his skills and hard work ，Lu impressed his customers and his shop's business grew stronger."可知，由于他的技能和努力工作，陆给他的顾客留下了深刻的印象，他的商店生意越来越好，故选：C。
23．细节理解题。根据第4段"It's not easy for people with disabilities to find work.I hope to provide them with an opportunity to realize their full ability and go for their life goals"可知，残疾人找工作不容易。他希望为他们提供一个机会，让他们充分发挥自己的能力，实现自己的人生目标，故选：D。
24．细节理解题。根据第5段"During the epidemic,the factory was forced to close for a while，but he kept on paying salaries (工资) to the workers as he guarded the empty factory alone."及第6段"He bought machinery and equipment worth nearly 5 million yuan ($726,000) to make sure production when his staff could not come to work"(在疫情期间，工厂被迫关闭了一段时间，但他一个人守着空荡荡的工厂，继续给工人发工资，他购买了价值近500万元(72.6万美元)的机器和设备，以确保员不能上班时的生产)可知，疫情期间他尽了最大的努力挽救公司，故选：C。
25．推理判断题。通读全文可知，陆鸿小时候患有脑瘫，但是他并未一蹶不振而是靠自己的努力创办了自己的照相馆。说明他有坚强的意志力；除此之外他还凭借自己的技能和努力，将自己的小作坊发展成为一个正规的公司，根据最后一段"Lu Hong's factory is a celebrated company that has made a great contribution(贡献)to supporting the poor and providing jobs for the disabled."可知，他有社会责任感，故选：D。
【答案】26．正确
27．正确
28．错误
29．错误
30．正确
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了感动中国人物江梦南的经历。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子“The moment that Jiang Mengnan received the award of Person Touching China for 2021, she said she most wanted to express her thanks to her parents.”可知江梦南是2021感动中国的人之一。故答案为：正确。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第二段句子“When she was a very young child, her parents began teaching her to read lips.”可知当江梦南还是个孩子的时候，她开始从父母那里学习唇语。故答案为：正确。
28．推理判断题。根据文章第二段句子“It was very slow and hard, but her parents never gave up and Jiang learned to speak.”可知江梦南并没有保持沉默，她学习说话，以及“Born in 1992, Jiang's world has been silent since she was 6 months old”可知是她的世界里没有声音了。故答案为：错误。
29．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段句子“Her strong willpower made her a top student. In 2011, she achieved a very high score on the national college entrance exam and got into Jilin University.”可知她坚强的意志力使她在2011年取得了很高的分数进入吉林大学，而不是清华大学。故答案为：错误。
30．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了2021年感动中国人物江梦南的经历，告诉我们无论你是谁，只要你有坚强的意志力和永不放弃的态度，你就会实现你的目标。故答案为：正确。
【答案】31．C
32．B
33．B
34．A
35．C
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍人物江梦南，她是一个身残志坚，乐于助人、努力工作、意志强大的人。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题需要联系上下文，推断出句子的意思，进而推动出单词的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
31．细节理解题。根据"Jiang Mengnan was born in 1992 in Mangshan, Chenzhou."可知蒋梦楠1992年出生于彬州蒙山，故选C。
32．词义猜测题。根据"Since then, Jiang Mengnan's world has been silent. "可知从那时开始，江梦南的世界一片寂静，由此可以推断" the doctors said they couldn't cure her."的意思是医生说他们不能治愈她，cure的意思是治愈，故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据"Her parents, who are both teachers"可知江梦南的父母都是教师，故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据" At last, they decided to teach her vocalization (发声)and lipreading (唇语). In this way, Mengnan learned to understand others and even learned to talk with others, though it was a long and hard process."可知蒋梦楠学会了发声和唇语，因此选项A正确，故选A。
35．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍人物江梦南，她是一个身残志坚，乐于助人、努力工作、意志强大的人，选项C符合蒋梦楠的特点，故选C。
【答案】36．C
37．A
38．B
39．C
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】主要讲了《感动中国》奖项获得者江梦南的人生故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次细读题材，各个击破；再次细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，最终确定答案。
36．细节题。根据She was chosen on March 3, 2022 to receive the award given on CCTV, which choose a 10 models nationwide every year who spread positive energy(正能量).2002年3月3日，她被选为CCTV颁奖嘉宾，CCTV每年在全国范围内评选出10位传播正能量的模范，可知《感动中国》奖项授予江梦南是因为她向人们传播正能量。故选C。
37．细节题。根据Born in 1992, Jiang's world has been silent since she was 6 months old, when medicine she was given completely hurt her hearing.江梦南出生于1992年，从她6个月大的时候起，她的世界就一片寂静，当时她服用的药物完全伤了她的听力，可知江梦南小时候失去了听力。故选A。
38．细节题。根据In the future,she wants to continue scientific research and contribute(贡献)her values to solving problems of life and health.在未来，她想继续科学研究并生活和健康问题方面贡献她的价值，可知江未来想帮忙解决生活和健康问题。故选B。
39．推理题。根据 Her strong will power(意志力)made her a top student. In 2011, she achieved a very high score on the national college entrance exam and got into Jilin University. After graduating in 2015, she started a further degree at the same university. In 2018, she was accepted as a PhD（博士学位）student at Tainghua University's School of Life Sciences.她坚强的意志力使她成为优等生。2011年，她在高考中取得了很高的成绩，考上了吉林大学。2015年毕业后，她在同一所大学继续攻读学位。2018年，她获得了清华大学生命科学学院的博士学位，可知我们能从江梦南身上学到坚强的意志力是成功的关键。故选C。
【答案】40．A
41．C
42．B
43．D
44．A
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是刘秀祥在上大学时由于父亲去世，爸爸去世不得不背着妈妈去上学。在大学毕业后拒绝了高薪工作回到家乡从事一个教师九年，希望能帮助更多和他相似的孩子。事实上，在高中时刘资助了三个贫穷的孩子。到现在为止他帮助了1700个学生并且做了100次演讲。毫无疑问在将来他会给更多的孩子更多的希望。
【点评】考查阅读理解。先通读短文，理解短文大意。然后分析问题，带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节找出和问题相关的语句找出问题答案。
40．细节理解题。根据 His mom wasn't able to look after herself after his dad passed away. 可知因为母亲不能照顾自己，所有刘秀祥带着妈妈去上学。故选A。
41．细节理解题。根据 After he graduated from university in 2012, Liu refused many highly paid job and went back to his hometown, Guizhou Province. There he has been working as a teacher for 9 years. 可知毕业后他从事老师的工作，故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据 After he graduated from university in 2012, Liu refused many highly paid job and went back to his hometown, Guizhou Province. 可知刘秀祥的家乡在贵州。故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据 In fact, Liu supported three poor children when he was in high school. 可知他在高中时就开始资助贫穷的孩子。故选D。
44．考查推理判断题。根据文章的内容可知他乐意助人，心地善良。故选A。
【答案】45．B
46．C
47．D
48．C
49．A
【知识点】记叙文；感动中国
【解析】【分析】文章主要介绍了感动中国人物叶嘉莹的生平。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及题型较多，细节题、推断题、主旨题等，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
45．推断题，根据文章第二段可知叶嘉莹生于1924年，大学毕业于1945年，由此可推断出她大学毕业时是21岁，故答案为B。
46．词义猜测题，找到recruited所在句，后面接的都是一些大学名称，句尾的to teach Chinese literature指在这些大学中职教，由此可以判断出叶嘉莹是受雇于这些大学，employ雇用，故答案为C。
47．细节题，根据文章第六段第一句可知叶嘉莹回国之后，开始在南开大学工作，其他几个选项不符合文章内容，故答案为D。
48．推断题，根据文章第五段至第七段内容可知叶嘉莹无偿授课，捐款设立奖学金，都是为了中国诗歌和中国文化的传承，让更多人受到教育，体现了她对祖国、人民以及传统文化的热爱，故答案为C。
49．主旨大意题，文章最后一段中Ye Jiaying devoted herself to teaching Chinese poems，这是她获得感动中国人物的原因，也是本文的点题之句，适合简化为标题，故答案为A。
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