备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练三 人与自然 主题16 环境保护
一、阅读理解
（2022·烟台） 阅读理解
The music band Coldplay is taking actions to protect the environment. This includes using their fans' energy to help provide electricity for their performances. In this way, they use electricity without adding carbon gases (碳气体) to the air. The band hopes to cut the amount of CO2 given out by its business activities by 50 percent.
The Coldplay stars have added special dance floors and energy-storing bicycles to their latest world tour performance. The purpose is to get fans to help produce electricity by dancing and riding. Each dance floor can support many people. It creates electricity when people move on it. Each of the bikes can create an average of 200 watts (瓦特) of electricity. In order to encourage fans to dance or ride more during the performance, they even have competitions to find out which group of fans can create the most electricity.
"Being green is a good business model. That's what we'd like to show," said Coldplay lead singer Chris Martin. "The changes will bring a sense of belonging to the fans. Everything in our show is planned to bring everyone into the same group, singing together. It makes us feel part of a community."
Coldplay has taken other steps to protect the environment. One of its tour stages (舞台) uses recycled steel. The band also hopes to set up the world's first tour battery (电池) system, made from 40 recycled electric car batteries. The hope is to power the whole show with batteries.
"It's very expensive to try these things for the first time," said Martin, "but we are very happy that we are changing."
Coldplay is just one music group working to help the environment. Some other famous bands are also taking such steps.
1．What does Coldplay use their fans' energy to do
A．To create 200 watts of electricity.
B．To provide power for their shows.
C．To cut their business activities by 50%.
D．To make their performances wonderful.
2．What does the underlined word "It" in the second paragraph refer to (指代)
A．The floor. B．The band. C．The stage. D．The bicycle.
3．How does Coldplay encourage fans to dance and ride more
A．By helping them to buy bicycles.
B．By living in the same community.
C．By traveling around the world with them.
D．By having electricity-creating competitions.
4．Which ways are introduced to protect the environment in the passage
①Riding energy-storing bicycles. ②Driving or taking electric cars.
③Recycling electric car batteries. ④Building stages with recycled steel.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．D
4．C
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了酷玩乐队采用了哪些措施来保护环境的。
【点评】考查阅读理解题。认真阅读题干，根据题干要求，在文中寻找案所在的语句或段落，进行分析理解，词义测，推理判断，选出正确的选项。
1．细节理解题。根据The music band Coldplay is taking actions to protect the environment. This includes using their fans' energy to help provide electricity for their performances.(乐团Coldplay正在采取行动保护环境。这包括利用粉丝的能量为他们的表演提供电力。)可知，利用粉丝的能量为他们的表演提供电力。故选B。
2．词义猜测题，根据Each dance floor can support many people. It creates electricity when people move on it. (每个舞池都可以容纳许多人。当人们在上面移动时，它会产生电。)可知划线单词指代的是"The floor舞池"。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据In order to encourage fans to dance or ride more during the performance, they even have competitions to find out which group of fans can createthe most electricity. (为了鼓励粉丝们在表演期间多跳舞或骑自行车，他们甚至举行比赛，看哪一组粉丝能产生最大的电力。)可知，Coldplay通过电力创造竞争鼓励粉丝们更多地跳舞和骑马。故选D。
4．细节归纳题。根据Coldplay has takenother steps to protect the environment. One of its tour stages (舞台) uses recycled steel. The band also hopes to set up the world's first tour battery (电池) system, made from 40 recycled electric car batteries (Coldplay已经采取了其他措施来保护环境。其中一个巡演舞台使用了再生钢材。乐队还希望建立世界上第一个巡回赛电池系统，由40个回收的电动汽车电池制成。希望是用电池为整个节目供电。)可知，文中提到了骑储能自行车，回收电动汽车电池和用再生钢材建造舞台。故选C。
（2021·济南） 阅读理解
Scientists have long predicted that warmer temperatures caused by climate（气候）change will have the biggest influence on the world's poorest people. New research now suggests that has already happened over the past years.
A study coming out in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science found that in most poor countries, higher temperatures are more than 90% likely to have resulted in a fall in economic output（经济产量），compared to a world without global（全球的）warming. The influence has been less big in richer countries—with some even benefiting（获益） from higher temperatures.
"We're not saying that global warming created inequality（不公平），"says Noah S. Diffenbaugh，the writer of the study and a professor at Stanford University who studies climate change. But "global warming has slowed down the improvement". The poorest countries are facing the worst influence of rising temperatures—for which they are least responsible, he adds.
The new study builds on past research. A 2015 study in the journal Nature predicted that the average income（平均收入）） in the poorest countries will be 25% lower by 2100 compared to a world without warming, while some of the richest countries—like the USA—could experience an increase in income. And a report from IPCC, the UN's climate science body, showed that if global temperatures rise more than 1. 5℃ by the end of the century, poor countries will likely face very serious challenges, including the disappearance of whole communities and millions of early deaths. "They will suffer the most, as they are already,"said Mary Robinson, who used to be a UN Special Envoy on Climate Change and a president of Ireland.
The influence is greater elsewhere, especially in sub—Saharan, African countries including Sudan, Burkina Faso and Niger, where climate change has driven the average income more than 20% lower "There are a number of ways by which temperature influences economic activities,"says Diffenbaugh What's clear is that, for poor countries,the news is all bad.
5．According to the text, warmer temperatures
A．are mainly caused by poor countries
B．may bring advantages to rich countries
C．had no influence on the world before
D．can improve the poorest people's health
6．What does"suffer"underlined in Paragraph 4 most probably mean in Chinese
A．供应 B．犹豫 C．遭受 D．谋利
7．Which of the following will face great economic problems caused by climate change
A．The UN. B．The USA.
C．Ireland. D．Burkina Faso.
8．What is the main idea of the text
A．Climate change will make poor countries poorer.
B．We must take action to deal with climate change.
C．Climate change can cause millions of early deaths.
D．People make good predictions about climate change.
9．From which is the text most probably taken
A．A geography textbook. B．A health magazine.
C．A research paper. D．A storybook.
【答案】5．B
6．C
7．D
8．A
9．C
【知识点】科普类；环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了气温升高会对贫穷国家造成重大影响，使他们更加贫穷。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
5．推断题。根据The influence has been less big in richer countries—with some even benefiting from higher temperatures可知，在较富裕的国家，气候变化的影响较小，有些国家甚至从高温中获益。所以，气温升高可能会给富裕国家带来好处。故选B。
6．词义猜测题。根据画线词后句as they are already.以及前文poor countries will likely face very serious challenges, including the disappearance of whole communities and millions of early deaths.可知，贫穷国家很可能面临非常严重的挑战，包括整个社区的消失和数百万人的过早死亡。所以，贫穷国家会遭受气温升高所带来的影响。画线词suffer意为"遭受"，故选C。
7．推断题。根据The influence is greater elsewhere, especially in sub-Saharan, African driven the average income more than 20% lower其他地方的影响更大，尤其是在撒哈拉以南地区，非洲的平均收入下降了20%以上，可知布基纳法索（非洲国家）将面临由气候变化引起的重大经济问题。故选D。
8．主旨题。根据Scientists have long predicted that warmer temperatures caused by climate （气候） change will have the big influence on the world's poorest people科学家们早就预测，气候变化导致的气温升高将对世界上最贫穷的人产生重大影响，以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了气温升高会对贫穷国家造成重大影响，使他们更加贫穷。故选A。
9．推断题。根据Scientists have long predicted that warmer temperatures caused by climate change will have the big influence on the world's poorest people. New research now suggests that has already happened over the past years.可知，科学家们早就预测，气候变化导致的气温升高将对世界上最贫穷的人产生重大影响。新的研究表明，这种情况在过去几年已经发生了。本文最有可能来源于一篇研究论文。故选C。
（2023·永州） 阅读理解
Have you ever noticed plastic waste everywhere in your community Dr. Aboubacar Kampo has. He was living in C te d'Ivoire, a country on the coast of West Africa, where plastic is a big environmental problem, compared with water and air pollution. C te d'Ivoire's biggest city, Abidjan, produces more than 300 tons of plastic rubbish a day, and only about 5% is recycled. "How can we turn plastic into something useful " Kampo wondered.
So Kampo, who works for UNICEF, the United Nations Children's Fund, googled, researched, and then noticed a company in Colombia, a country in South America. Plastic pollution is a problem there, too. Conceptos Plásticos, the Colombian company that Kampo read about online, recycles plastic waste and turns it into big, Lego-like bricks（砖）for building schools and houses.
Next, Kampo went to Colombia to learn about the company in person. He toured schools that were built with its bricks and the factory where the bricks were made. "Conceptos Plásticos gave us a solution." Kampo said. He thought it could help with more than just the plastic problem. It could also improve children's education.
According to UNICEF, 1.6 million children in C te d'Ivoire don't go to school. One reason is that there aren't enough classrooms. For kids who do go to school, classrooms are often very crowded. Kids often sit on the floor and can't stand up because there isn't room to move around.
In 2018 UNICEF built its first classrooms in Abidjan, using bricks produced in Colombia by Conceptos Plásticos. Right away, the local education improved a lot. People couldn't believe it at the beginning, that the classrooms were made of plastic. But now all the parents want their children in these classrooms. By the end of 2021 UNICEF had built 528 classrooms in C te d'Ivoire. The new Conceptos Plásticos factory in Abidjan will soon be producing bricks from rubbish collected in children's playgrounds and on the beach.
The environmental influence is huge. Kampo says it takes about five and a half tons of plastic and just a few weeks to build a classroom. Unlike traditional building, no cement（水泥）is needed. "It's just a hammer（锤子）and those bricks." he added.
10．What is the main problem C te d'Ivoire faces
A．Plastic pollution. B．Water pollution. C．Air pollution.
11．What can we learn about Conceptos Plásticos
A．It's a company in West Africa.
B．It recycles plastic waste online.
C．It offers bricks for building the classrooms in Abidjan.
12．Which of the following best describes the parents about their kids' future in Paragraph 5
A．Doubtful. B．Excited. C．Surprised.
13．How many tons of plastic are needed to build a classroom
A．About 5.5 tons.
B．Only about 15 tons.
C．More than 300 tons.
14．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Building Green
B． An introduction to Kampo
C．C te d'Ivoire's Environmental Problem
【答案】10．A
11．C
12．B
13．A
14．A
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一位联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）的工作人员Aboubacar Kampo，他在C te d'Ivoire发现了塑料垃圾无处不在的问题。哥伦比亚的一家公司Conceptos Plásticos将塑料垃圾回收并将其变成类似乐高积木的大型砖块，用于建造学校和房屋。真正实现了"绿色建筑"。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
10．细节理解题。根据第一段Have you ever noticed plastic waste everywhere in your community？Dr.Aboubacar Kampo has.He was living in C te d'Ivoire，a country on the coast of West Africa，where plastic is a big environmental problem，compared with water and air pollution.（你注意到你所在社区到处都是塑料垃圾吗？Aboubacar Kampo博士注意到了。他住在C te d'Ivoire，西非海岸的一个国家，那里的塑料与水和空气污染相比是一个巨大的环境问题。）可知，C te d'Ivoire面临的主要问题是塑料污染。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据第五段In 2018，UNICEF built its first classrooms in Abidjan，using bricks produced in Colombia by Conceptos Plásticos.（2018年，联合国儿童基金会在Abidjan使用Conceptos Plásticos在哥伦比亚生产的砖块建造了第一间教室。）可知，Conceptos Plásticos为建造Abidjan的教室提供砖块。故选C。
12．推理判断题。根据第五段People couldn't believe it at the beginning，that the classrooms were made of plastic.But now all the parents want their children in these classrooms.（人们一开始不敢相信，教室是用塑料制成的。但现在所有的家长都希望他们的孩子在这些教室里。）可知，在第5段中，"激动的"最能描述父母对孩子未来的看法。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据最后一段The environmental influence is huge.Kampo says it takes about five and a half tons of plastic and just a few weeks to build a classroom.（对环境的影响是巨大的。Kampo说，建造一个教室大约需要五吨半的塑料，只需要几周的时间。）可知，建造一间教室大约需要5.5吨塑料。故选A。
14．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一位联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）的工作人员Aboubacar Kampo，他在C te d'Ivoire发现了塑料垃圾无处不在的问题。哥伦比亚的一家公司Conceptos Plásticos将塑料垃圾回收并将其变成类似乐高积木的大型砖块，用于建造学校和房屋。真正实现了"绿色建筑"。故文章的最佳标题应是"绿色建筑"。故选A。
（2023·唐山模拟）阅读理解
What do you do with a book once you've read it Maybe you keep it for someone else in your family to read, or leave it on a bookshelf to read again another day Maybe you can try recycling your books.
Recycling your old books means you give them to another person, family or group, instead of leaving them to take up space and get dusty（布满灰尘的）. This means that the books you love can be enjoyed by others, too.
Recycling and giving away your books can be helpful in lots of ways. People will discover new books and authors they didn't know about. Books can sometimes be expensive, so it also helps people and families who can't afford to buy them. When a person gets to read plenty of authors, styles and subjects, it can help them to develop a love of books, increase their confidence in reading and writing and improve their happiness.
If you take part in a book-recycling project, you can pick up new books, too. Find a comfortable place and take out the books to read. What a pleasant thing! It will help you forget about things that may be worrying you.
The Children's Book Project is a charity（慈善机构） that recycles books（in good condition）and passes them on to places like schools and children's centers. When you give away books, they are cleaned and divided into age groups and reading levels. Liberty Venn from the Children's Book Project says, "It's an amazing feeling to pass on your books and know that someone will enjoy them as much as you did. At the Children's Book Project we help to extend （延长） the life of over 250, 000 books each year. "
15．What does the writer suggest to do with old books
A．Keeping them for family members to read.
B．Leaving them to take up space and get dusty.
C．Giving them to another person, family or group.
D．Leaving them on the shelf to read another day.
16．When you give away books to the Children 's Book Project, it will ______ .
A．break them into pieces to recycle them
B．sell them to schools and children's centers at a high price
C．pass them on to children's centers directly without doing anything
D．divide them into different groups according to age and reading levels
17．The passage is probably taken from ______ .
A．A novel. B．A magazine. C．A diary. D．A notice.
18．Which question could best help us find out the writer's purpose
A．Did the writer want us to read books
B．Did the writer want us to collect books
C．Did the writer want us to recycle books
D．Did the writer want us to protect books
【答案】15．C
16．D
17．B
18．C
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】大意：文章介绍了书的回收利用以及儿童图书工程，呼吁我们回收利用书籍。
【点评】考查阅读理解。推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
15．细节理解题。根据第二段Recycling your old books means you give them to another person, family or group, instead of leaving them to take up space and get dusty（布满灰尘的）. 回收旧书意味着你把它们交给另一个人、家人或团体，而不是让它们占据空间并尘封 ，可知作者建议把书交给另一个人、家人或团体。故选C。
16．细节理解题。根据最后一段When you give away books, they are cleaned and divided into age groups and reading levels. 可知，当你赠送书籍给儿童图书工程时，它们会被清洗干净，并被划分为年龄组和阅读水平。故选D。
17．推理判断题。通读全文，可知文章介绍了书的回收利用以及儿童图书工程，可推知文章应来源于杂志。故选B。
18．细节理解题。通读全文，可知文章介绍了书的回收利用以及儿童图书工程，呼吁我们回收利用书籍，可知问题：作家想让我们回收书籍吗？更能帮助我们找到作者的意图。故选C。
（2023·石景山模拟）信息选择。阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
No matter where you look outdoors, spring seems to bring with it lots of wildflowers, which provides us with nice colors and sweet smells.
Joel Sartore, a photographer and an environmentalist, has made a point of planting native (本地的) wildflowers at home and at his office. He also encourages his neighbours to start their own gardens of native plants. Why Wildflowers need our help. In the U.S., Great Plains alone, over 33 million acres of wildflowers and grasslands have been lost since 2009, according to WWF.
You've probably heard that wildflowers support insects like butterflies and bees, which play a huge role in pollinating crops (庄稼授粉) that we depend on for food. That's just one of many ways wildflowers and other native plants are important to our earth. Native flowers are part of a living network. They lock carbon(碳)within soil, an important part of mitigating (减缓) changes in weather. They store water and nutrients, which are good for forests. And, of course, they look beautiful, making them an attraction in any places.
"If we hope to encourage children to grow up fighting to save the planet, wildflowers are a perfect fit; they get kids thinking about nature with a sense of wonder," Sartore says. "These places serve as outdoor classrooms, plus they clean our air, soil, and water."
But what can we do You don't have to be an eager gardener or have lots of land to put your effort into. If you live in a city, you can just plant flowers in a window box or on your rooftop.
Another way to get involved beyond your own space at home is to find out how public green spaces near you are managed. You can also volunteer at a local nature center, or community garden that is planting native plants. If you aren't sure what types of plants are native to your area, ask at a nearby garden center or search online.
"I believe that people want to help make the planet a better place, but they just don't know where to start," Sartore says. "Planting wildflowers and other plants is a great way."
19．Why does Sartore plant wildflowers at home and at his office
A．To show what types of plants are native to the area.
B．To encourage his neighbours to plant more native plants.
C．To provide kids with some places as outdoor classrooms.
D．To call attention to the disappearing of native wildflowers.
20．What's Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The power of wildflowers.
B．The ways of planting flowers.
C．The benefits of insects like bees.
D．The importance of the living network.
21．According to the passage, what might be the proper way to help with native wildflowers
A．Working as volunteers to help in local parks.
B．Building a big garden near your community.
C．Moving from the city to the village to grow plants.
D．Encouraging yourself to be an eager gardener first.
【答案】19．D
20．A
21．A
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了Joel Sartore呼吁大家种植野花保护地球的事情。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和段落题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；段落题需要通读全文，了解段落大意之后找出中心思想。
19．推理判断题，根据句子Wildflowers need our help. In the U.S., Great Plains alone, over 33 million acres of wildflowers and grasslands have been lost since 2009, according to WWF. 野花需要我们的帮助。据世界自然基金会称，自2009年以来，仅在美国大平原地区，就有超过3300万英亩的野花和草原消失。可推知Joel Sartore在家和办公室种植野花是为了引起大家对于本土野花消失的关注，故选D。
20．段落大意题，通读第三段，根据句子You've probably heard that wildflowers support insects like butterflies and bees, which play a huge role in pollinating crops (庄稼授粉) that we depend on for food. That's just one of many ways wildflowers and other native plants are important to our earth. 你可能听说过野花支持蝴蝶和蜜蜂这样的昆虫，它们在为我们赖以为生的作物授粉方面发挥着巨大的作用。这只是野花和其他原生植物对我们地球重要的众多方面之一。可知本段主要讲了野花的作用，故选A。
21．细节理解题，根据句子If you live in a city，you can just plant flowers in a window box or on your rooftop. 如果你住在城市里，你可以把花种在窗台上的盒子里或屋顶上。以及句子Another way to get involved beyond your own space at home is to find out how public green spaces near you are managed.You can also volunteer at a local nature center，or community garden that is planting native plants. 另一种参与到你自己家里的空间之外的方法是了解你附近的公共绿地是如何管理的。你也可以在当地的自然中心或种植本地植物的社区公园做志愿者。可知我们可以作为志愿者在当地公园提供帮助，故选A。
（2023·玉州模拟）阅读理解
Do you usually try to reduce waste by collecting objects that can be recycled Do you often help people around you raise awareness（意识） about the environment
Su Yige, a vlogger（视频博主） on Bilibili, is such a person. She tries her best to protect the environment in her daily life. Su always takes her own bag with her when she goes shopping. Most of the furniture（家具） in her Shanghai home was bought from second—hand store. One day, she got her clothes dirty by accident when eating out. She quickly took out a handkerchief（手帕） from her bag instead of reaching for a paper napkin on the table.
Su says her awareness of avoiding waste comes from her parents. Although they have little "green" knowledge, her parents live a green life. They won't throw away an object as long as it can still be used.
She hated to see the large number of waste that people around her created every day. She used to believe western people took better care of the environment. She was, then, surprised when she saw mountains of food waste being left outside of supermarkets in Canada seven years ago. She was a student at that time, but she decided to ""step in" and started environmental vlogger（视频博客）.
On Bilibili, Su shares her love for old things and things that can be recycled. She also teaches people to make natural washing powder（天然洗衣粉） and other environmental objects. Her videos has received up to 95.000 likes. Under her influence, many young people have changed their lifestyles. Ding Nan from Fujian province, for example, has said goodbye to all bottled drinks and has been carried a reusable plastic box with her wherever she goes.
Now, by exchanging suggestions with her fans and other environmental vloggers, Su has continued to avoid creating waste and has helped more people to do so as well. She wants people to know that a greener life can be enjoyable, too, once one has gotten used to it.
22．What does Su Yige usually do according to the article
A．She throws away old things.
B．She reduces waste.
C．She makes furniture.
23．Su Yige used ______ to clean her dirty clothes when eating out one day.
A．a handkerchief B．a paper napkin C．water
24．Whom does she get the awareness of avoiding waste from
A．Environmental vloggers.
B．Her teachers.
C．Her parents.
25．From the article, we know that ______.
A．she started environmental vlog after she finished school
B．her videos has received p, to 9, 500 likes on Bilibill
C．she influences many young people to change their lifestyles
26．Where can we probably read the article in a magazine
A．Environmental Protection.
B．Modern Life.
C．Science Study.
【答案】22．B
23．A
24．C
25．C
26．A
【知识点】环保类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：文章主要讲述了哔哩哔哩的视频播主苏一格在生活中避免浪费，保护环境的故事。
【点评】考查环保类阅读。通读全文，了解大意，根据对问题的理解在文章中寻找相关信息，结合上下文情境，给出答案。
22．细节理解题。根据Su says her awareness of avoiding waste comes from her parents. 可知苏一格通常避免浪费，故答案为B。
23．细节理解题。根据One day, she got her clothes dirty by accident when eating out. She quickly took out a handkerchief（手帕） from her bag instead of reaching for a paper napkin on the table. 可知有一天，苏一格在外面吃饭时用手帕擦脏衣服。故答案为A。
24．细节理解题。根据Su says her awareness of avoiding waste COmes from her parents. 可知苏一格从父母那里得到了避免浪费的意识。故答案为C。
25．细节理解题。根据Under her influence, many young people have changed their lifestyles.可知苏一格影响了许多年轻人改变了他们的生活方式。故答案为C。
26．推理判断题。根据Do you usually try to reduce waste by collecting objects that can be recycled Do you often help people around you raise awareness .(意识) about the environment 和短文内容可知，本文主要介绍了视频主播苏一格在生活中避免浪费，保护环境的故事。和环境保护有关，可知我们可能在杂志上环境保护部分读到这篇文章。故答案为A。
（2023·夏邑模拟） 阅读理解
In China, each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste according to a report. Where does the waste go People usually burn or bury(埋)it. On the other hand, we receive waste from some developed countries. We get useful materials from it. What about the useless part Still burned or buried. But is it a proper way
Waste pollutes the environment, harms people's health and causes animals to die. It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development. We can't make money at the cost of the environment. We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations(一代人).
China is getting really serious about waste now.
We are taking less waste from developed countries. From January 2018, China started to stop24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity factories. They burn waste to make electricity in a green way. No harmful gases or water will get into the environment.
The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting(分类). Cities like Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting systems. More will join them soon. As President Xi Jinping said during a visit to Shanghai, waste sorting is a new fashion(时尚). More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste.
27．The writer starts the passage by ________.
A．telling stories B．comparing numbers
C．raising questions D．giving suggestions
28．The underlined word "sustainable" in Paragraph, 2 means "________" in Chinese.
A．可享受的 B．可持续的 C．可借鉴的 D．可复活的
29．From the passage, we know that ________.
A．waste does harm only to the environment
B．those who break the law may not be punished
C．China stops getting waste from developed countries
D．waste sorting starts to become popular in China
30．According to the passage, how many cities have their own sorting systems
A．One B．Two C．Three D．Four
31．The structure of the passage may be ________.
(①=Paragraph1 ②=Paragraph2 ③= Paragraph 3 ④=Paragraph4 ⑤= Paragraph 5 ⑥= Paragraph 6).
A．
B．
C．
D．
【答案】27．C
28．B
29．D
30．C
31．A
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲的是垃圾污染环境，危害人们的健康，导致动物死亡，同时也阻碍了可持续发展，并列举了处理垃圾问题的三种方法：减少他国的垃圾输入及制定废物处理的法律法规，废物合理利用，垃圾分类。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
27．推断题。根据第一段出现的三个问句Where does the waste go What about the useless part Butisit a proper way "可知，本文是通过提出问题开始的，故选C。
28．词义猜测题。根据We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations我们应该把青山绿水留给我们的下一代，可推断，suitable 在这里的意思是可持续的，故选B。
29．细节题。根据waste sorting is a new fashion(时尚). More and more people are forming the habit oseparating their waste.垃圾分类是一个新的时尚。越来越多的人养成了废物分类的习惯，可知，垃圾分类在中国已经开始流行，故选D。
30．推断题。根据Cities like Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting systems上海、重庆和北京等城市都有自己的分拣系统
31．推断题。第一段是提出问题，第二段是垃圾污染的危害，第三段号召重视浪费，文章第四段的减少他国的垃圾输入及制定垃圾处理的法律法规，第五段的，废物合理利用，以及第六段的，垃圾分类，都属于第三段的处理废物问题的方法，故图示A是正确的结果，故选A。
（2022·贺州）阅读理解
Several large companies have begun creating paper bottles to replace glass and plastic ones.
A company called Paboco has been working with many large companies to develop paper bottles. These companies are creating their own bottle designs.
Clearly, one of the biggest challenges is keeping a paper bottle from leaking (渗漏). The inside of the bottle needs a special liner (衬层) to make sure the liquid doesn't leak through. Many companies are lining their bottles with thin plastic.
Though bottle makers may say this liner can be removed and recycled, many recycling programs don't have the right machines to deal with these liners.
A Danish beer company called Carlsberg is working with Paboco on a paper bottle called the "Green Fiber Bottle". Now the bottle uses a plastic liner. In the future the company hopes to use a "bio-plastic (生物塑料)" that will break down naturally over time.
But even without the plastic, paper bottles aren't perfect. Most paper bottles use wood pulp (木浆). That could lead to the loss of forests.
Frugalpac, a company from the United Kingdom, has created bottles made of recycled paper, so no trees need to be cut down. Frugalpac still uses plastic liners, though.
But with so many companies working towards the same goal, we will see more paper bottles on store shelves in the near future.
32．One of the biggest challenges of using paper bottles is _________.
A．how to use few liners
B．how to make perfect liners
C．keeping the plastic bottles from breaking down
D．keeping the paper bottles from leaking
33．What does the underlined word "Frugalpac" refer to
A．A Danish milk company.
B．A Danish beer company.
C．A company from the United States of America.
D．A company from the United Kingdom.
34．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．A company called Paboco has been working to develop paper bottles alone.
B．Many paper bottles have thin plastic inside.
C．It's impossible to remove and recycle the liners of paper bottles.
D．The loss of forests leads to the use of wood pulp in most paper bottles.
35．What's the main idea of this passage
A．Paper bottles are not perfect.
B．Bottles are made of recycled paper.
C．Some companies work to develop paper bottles.
D．Some companies work to develop glass and plastic bottles.
【答案】32．D
33．D
34．B
35．C
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍了几家大公司为了保护环境开始制造纸瓶来代替玻璃和塑料瓶，并介绍了纸瓶的优点和缺点。
【点评】考查环保类阅读。认真阅读题干，根据题干要求，在文中寻找答案所在的语句或段落，进行分析理解，推理判断和概括归纳，选出正确的选项。
32．细节理解题。根据Clearly, one of the biggest challenges is keeping a paper bottle from leaking (渗漏). The inside of the bottle needs a special liner (衬层) to make sure the liquid doesn't leak through. 可知制作纸瓶子最大的挑战是防止液体泄露。故答案为D。
33．词义猜测题。根据Frugalpac, a company from the United Kingdom,可知，来自英国的公司Frugalpac用再生纸制造了瓶子,所以此处"Frugalpac'指代的是“一个英国公司"。故答案为D。
34．细节理解题。根据Many companies are lining their bottles with thin plastic.和Frugalpac still uses plastic liners, though.可知现在许多纸瓶内部都有薄塑料。故答案为B。
35．主旨大意题。根据But with so many companies working towards the same goal, we will see more paper bottles on store shelves in thenear future.和全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了几家大公司为了保护环境已经开始制造纸瓶来代替玻璃和塑料瓶。故答案为C。
（2022·长沙）阅读理解
Otters(水獭) are cute water animals. These days, keeping otters as pets is getting popular. In Japan, some "otter cafés (咖啡馆)"are open for business. People can pay to play with the otters there and to take photos with them. In Indonesia, people go swimming with their pet otters and take funny videos. These photos and videos posted online have interested more people to buy otters as pets.
However, these enjoyable photos and videos hide the damage(损害) that the online trade is doing to otters. In fact, wild otters are facing many threats—they have long been hunted(猎杀) for their coats in some places, fishermen have been killing otters in order to stop them from eating fish and now, the online pet trade has become another big problem for otters.
In the wild, baby otters usually stay with their mothers during their first year of life. According to a report, 70% of the otters sold online are under one year old. These baby otters have been stolen from their mothers. When they are kept as pets by humans, they do not live full and natural lives.
Otters are very social. They live in family groups of up to 15 in the wild. Keeping an otter as a pet can make it very sad and lonely. These animals also need enough space to swim. Their owners' bathtubs or pools are nowhere near as large as the bodies of water in the wild.
On the other hand, otters simply don't make good pets. They have a very special fishy smell. If they are kept indoors, they will leave a lot of waste around the house. This would make the smell even more unpleasant. Besides, when otters are unhappy, they will make loud noises and even attack(攻击) people. If a person is hurt by an otter, he or she needs to go to hospital at once. So, we should stop the otter pet trade and never share photos and videos about them online.
36．What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about
A．The ways of buying otters online.
B．The advantages of playing with otters.
C．The popularity of keeping otters as pets.
37．What does the underlined word "threats" mean in Paragraph 2
A．机遇 B．威胁 C．选择
38．What do we know about otters in the wild
A．They live in family groups of up to 15.
B．They don't need enough space to swim.
C．Baby otters never stay with their mothers.
39．Why don't otters make good pets
a. They may attack people.
b. They may make loud noises.
c. They have a special fishy smell.
d. They need to go to hospital often.
A．a, b, c B．a, b, d C． b, d
40．What is the writer's main purpose of writing the text
A．To tell people the otters' living habits.
B．To teach people how to keep a pet otter.
C．To call on people to stop the otter pet trade
【答案】36．C
37．B
38．A
39．A
40．C
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了水獭不能被当做宠物来养的原因，并呼吁大家停止水獭宠物交易。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含段落大意题、词义猜测题、细节理解题、主旨大意题，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
36．段落大意题。根据Otters are cute water animals. These days, keeping otters as pets is getting popular.水獭是可爱的水生动物。现在，养水獭当宠物越来越流行。可知本段主旨是养水獭当宠物很流行，故选C。
37．词义猜测题。根据they have long been hunted for their coats in some places，可知一直以来，人们都猎杀水獭来获取皮毛，这是水獭面临的威胁，threat威胁，故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据Otters are very social. They live in family groups of up to 15 in the wild.水獭很善于交际。在野外，它们的家庭成员多达15个。可知在野外，它们的家庭成员多达15个。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据They have a very special fishy smell.它们有一种特别的鱼腥味；Besides, when otters are unhappy, they will make loud noises and even attack(攻击) people.此外，当水獭不高兴时，它们会发出很大的噪音，甚至攻击人。可知a，b，c正确，故选A。
40．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，可知本文主要介绍了水獭不能被当做宠物来养的原因，并呼吁大家停止水獭宠物交易。故选C。
（2022·南浔模拟）阅读理解
Think about what you like to wear on the weekend. There's a good chance that you like to put on a pair of blue jeans. At any moment, about half of the world's population is wearing jeans. But according to a new study, our love for jeans may be bad for Earth. Denim (牛仔布) might be putting some sea animals in danger.
You might wonder: Isn't denim made of cotton, a natural material How can it become a danger to nature Well, in the process of making jeans, cotton is treated with many types of man-made chemicals. Some improve the durability (耐用性) and feel; others give jeans their blue color. Every time we wash our jeans, tiny bits of denim come loose. They flow out of our washing machines, down the drain and into the world's rivers, lakes and oceans.
Scientists studied the Great Lakes in America and the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. They found denim waste in all of the water they had collected. It is terrible that the harmful chemicals in denim have spread far and wide. Scientists aren't yet sure how these chemicals might harm animals.
In the study, the scientists also washed jeans to see how many bits of denim on average each pair would drop per wash. The answer was surprising: About 50,000. Not all of them make their way into the environment. Wastewater treatment plants(污水处理厂) hold back 83 to 99 percent of them. This may sound pretty good. However, one percent of 50,000 bits are still 500 per wash. Now think about the number of jeans around the world and the times each of them gets washed. As a result, a large amount of denim waste still gets into the environment.
Does this mean we shouldn't wear jeans Probably not. "We need to buy fewer clothes and only wash them when we truly need to do it," says Sam Athey, one of the scientists. "You don't need to wash your jeans after having worn them only a couple of times."
41．According to the article, denim might be bad for nature because ______.
A．it is made of man-made cotton B．it is difficult to be washed clean
C．it comes from a natural material D．it is treated with many chemicals
42．The underlined word "They " in Paragraph 2 refers to"_____________".
A．Natural materials B．some sea animals
C．Tiny bits of denim D．Man-made chemicals
43．Sam Athey suggests ______.
A．that we should not wear jeans B．washing jeans when necessary
C．we buy jeans as many as possible D．we wash jeans after wearing them
【答案】41．D
42．C
43．B
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要提出了牛仔给地球带来的坏处以及相应的建议。
【点评】考查阅读理解。注意首先查看题干，划取问题关键词；再仔细阅读文章，根据关键词锁定答案，选择正确选项。
41．细节理解题。根据第二段You might wonder: Isn't denim made of cotton, a natural material How can it become a danger to nature Well, in the process of making jeans, cotton is treated with many types of man-made chemicals. 你可能会想：牛仔布不是用棉做的吗？棉是一种天然材料？它怎么会对大自然构成威胁？嗯，在制作牛仔裤的过程中，棉花经过多种人造化学品的处理，可知棉花经过多种人造化学品的处理。故选D。
42．词义猜测题。根据上文Every time we wash our jeans, tiny bits of denim come loose.每次我们洗牛仔裤，都会有一小块牛仔布散开，可知此处的they指代小块牛仔布。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据最后一段"We need to buy fewer clothes and only wash them when we truly need to do it," says Sam Athey山姆·阿西说：“我们需要少买点衣服，只在真正需要的时候才洗。”，可知他建议需要的时候再洗牛仔。故选B。
1 / 1备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练三 人与自然 主题16 环境保护
一、阅读理解
（2022·烟台） 阅读理解
The music band Coldplay is taking actions to protect the environment. This includes using their fans' energy to help provide electricity for their performances. In this way, they use electricity without adding carbon gases (碳气体) to the air. The band hopes to cut the amount of CO2 given out by its business activities by 50 percent.
The Coldplay stars have added special dance floors and energy-storing bicycles to their latest world tour performance. The purpose is to get fans to help produce electricity by dancing and riding. Each dance floor can support many people. It creates electricity when people move on it. Each of the bikes can create an average of 200 watts (瓦特) of electricity. In order to encourage fans to dance or ride more during the performance, they even have competitions to find out which group of fans can create the most electricity.
"Being green is a good business model. That's what we'd like to show," said Coldplay lead singer Chris Martin. "The changes will bring a sense of belonging to the fans. Everything in our show is planned to bring everyone into the same group, singing together. It makes us feel part of a community."
Coldplay has taken other steps to protect the environment. One of its tour stages (舞台) uses recycled steel. The band also hopes to set up the world's first tour battery (电池) system, made from 40 recycled electric car batteries. The hope is to power the whole show with batteries.
"It's very expensive to try these things for the first time," said Martin, "but we are very happy that we are changing."
Coldplay is just one music group working to help the environment. Some other famous bands are also taking such steps.
1．What does Coldplay use their fans' energy to do
A．To create 200 watts of electricity.
B．To provide power for their shows.
C．To cut their business activities by 50%.
D．To make their performances wonderful.
2．What does the underlined word "It" in the second paragraph refer to (指代)
A．The floor. B．The band. C．The stage. D．The bicycle.
3．How does Coldplay encourage fans to dance and ride more
A．By helping them to buy bicycles.
B．By living in the same community.
C．By traveling around the world with them.
D．By having electricity-creating competitions.
4．Which ways are introduced to protect the environment in the passage
①Riding energy-storing bicycles. ②Driving or taking electric cars.
③Recycling electric car batteries. ④Building stages with recycled steel.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④
（2021·济南） 阅读理解
Scientists have long predicted that warmer temperatures caused by climate（气候）change will have the biggest influence on the world's poorest people. New research now suggests that has already happened over the past years.
A study coming out in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science found that in most poor countries, higher temperatures are more than 90% likely to have resulted in a fall in economic output（经济产量），compared to a world without global（全球的）warming. The influence has been less big in richer countries—with some even benefiting（获益） from higher temperatures.
"We're not saying that global warming created inequality（不公平），"says Noah S. Diffenbaugh，the writer of the study and a professor at Stanford University who studies climate change. But "global warming has slowed down the improvement". The poorest countries are facing the worst influence of rising temperatures—for which they are least responsible, he adds.
The new study builds on past research. A 2015 study in the journal Nature predicted that the average income（平均收入）） in the poorest countries will be 25% lower by 2100 compared to a world without warming, while some of the richest countries—like the USA—could experience an increase in income. And a report from IPCC, the UN's climate science body, showed that if global temperatures rise more than 1. 5℃ by the end of the century, poor countries will likely face very serious challenges, including the disappearance of whole communities and millions of early deaths. "They will suffer the most, as they are already,"said Mary Robinson, who used to be a UN Special Envoy on Climate Change and a president of Ireland.
The influence is greater elsewhere, especially in sub—Saharan, African countries including Sudan, Burkina Faso and Niger, where climate change has driven the average income more than 20% lower "There are a number of ways by which temperature influences economic activities,"says Diffenbaugh What's clear is that, for poor countries,the news is all bad.
5．According to the text, warmer temperatures
A．are mainly caused by poor countries
B．may bring advantages to rich countries
C．had no influence on the world before
D．can improve the poorest people's health
6．What does"suffer"underlined in Paragraph 4 most probably mean in Chinese
A．供应 B．犹豫 C．遭受 D．谋利
7．Which of the following will face great economic problems caused by climate change
A．The UN. B．The USA.
C．Ireland. D．Burkina Faso.
8．What is the main idea of the text
A．Climate change will make poor countries poorer.
B．We must take action to deal with climate change.
C．Climate change can cause millions of early deaths.
D．People make good predictions about climate change.
9．From which is the text most probably taken
A．A geography textbook. B．A health magazine.
C．A research paper. D．A storybook.
（2023·永州） 阅读理解
Have you ever noticed plastic waste everywhere in your community Dr. Aboubacar Kampo has. He was living in C te d'Ivoire, a country on the coast of West Africa, where plastic is a big environmental problem, compared with water and air pollution. C te d'Ivoire's biggest city, Abidjan, produces more than 300 tons of plastic rubbish a day, and only about 5% is recycled. "How can we turn plastic into something useful " Kampo wondered.
So Kampo, who works for UNICEF, the United Nations Children's Fund, googled, researched, and then noticed a company in Colombia, a country in South America. Plastic pollution is a problem there, too. Conceptos Plásticos, the Colombian company that Kampo read about online, recycles plastic waste and turns it into big, Lego-like bricks（砖）for building schools and houses.
Next, Kampo went to Colombia to learn about the company in person. He toured schools that were built with its bricks and the factory where the bricks were made. "Conceptos Plásticos gave us a solution." Kampo said. He thought it could help with more than just the plastic problem. It could also improve children's education.
According to UNICEF, 1.6 million children in C te d'Ivoire don't go to school. One reason is that there aren't enough classrooms. For kids who do go to school, classrooms are often very crowded. Kids often sit on the floor and can't stand up because there isn't room to move around.
In 2018 UNICEF built its first classrooms in Abidjan, using bricks produced in Colombia by Conceptos Plásticos. Right away, the local education improved a lot. People couldn't believe it at the beginning, that the classrooms were made of plastic. But now all the parents want their children in these classrooms. By the end of 2021 UNICEF had built 528 classrooms in C te d'Ivoire. The new Conceptos Plásticos factory in Abidjan will soon be producing bricks from rubbish collected in children's playgrounds and on the beach.
The environmental influence is huge. Kampo says it takes about five and a half tons of plastic and just a few weeks to build a classroom. Unlike traditional building, no cement（水泥）is needed. "It's just a hammer（锤子）and those bricks." he added.
10．What is the main problem C te d'Ivoire faces
A．Plastic pollution. B．Water pollution. C．Air pollution.
11．What can we learn about Conceptos Plásticos
A．It's a company in West Africa.
B．It recycles plastic waste online.
C．It offers bricks for building the classrooms in Abidjan.
12．Which of the following best describes the parents about their kids' future in Paragraph 5
A．Doubtful. B．Excited. C．Surprised.
13．How many tons of plastic are needed to build a classroom
A．About 5.5 tons.
B．Only about 15 tons.
C．More than 300 tons.
14．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Building Green
B． An introduction to Kampo
C．C te d'Ivoire's Environmental Problem
（2023·唐山模拟）阅读理解
What do you do with a book once you've read it Maybe you keep it for someone else in your family to read, or leave it on a bookshelf to read again another day Maybe you can try recycling your books.
Recycling your old books means you give them to another person, family or group, instead of leaving them to take up space and get dusty（布满灰尘的）. This means that the books you love can be enjoyed by others, too.
Recycling and giving away your books can be helpful in lots of ways. People will discover new books and authors they didn't know about. Books can sometimes be expensive, so it also helps people and families who can't afford to buy them. When a person gets to read plenty of authors, styles and subjects, it can help them to develop a love of books, increase their confidence in reading and writing and improve their happiness.
If you take part in a book-recycling project, you can pick up new books, too. Find a comfortable place and take out the books to read. What a pleasant thing! It will help you forget about things that may be worrying you.
The Children's Book Project is a charity（慈善机构） that recycles books（in good condition）and passes them on to places like schools and children's centers. When you give away books, they are cleaned and divided into age groups and reading levels. Liberty Venn from the Children's Book Project says, "It's an amazing feeling to pass on your books and know that someone will enjoy them as much as you did. At the Children's Book Project we help to extend （延长） the life of over 250, 000 books each year. "
15．What does the writer suggest to do with old books
A．Keeping them for family members to read.
B．Leaving them to take up space and get dusty.
C．Giving them to another person, family or group.
D．Leaving them on the shelf to read another day.
16．When you give away books to the Children 's Book Project, it will ______ .
A．break them into pieces to recycle them
B．sell them to schools and children's centers at a high price
C．pass them on to children's centers directly without doing anything
D．divide them into different groups according to age and reading levels
17．The passage is probably taken from ______ .
A．A novel. B．A magazine. C．A diary. D．A notice.
18．Which question could best help us find out the writer's purpose
A．Did the writer want us to read books
B．Did the writer want us to collect books
C．Did the writer want us to recycle books
D．Did the writer want us to protect books
（2023·石景山模拟）信息选择。阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
No matter where you look outdoors, spring seems to bring with it lots of wildflowers, which provides us with nice colors and sweet smells.
Joel Sartore, a photographer and an environmentalist, has made a point of planting native (本地的) wildflowers at home and at his office. He also encourages his neighbours to start their own gardens of native plants. Why Wildflowers need our help. In the U.S., Great Plains alone, over 33 million acres of wildflowers and grasslands have been lost since 2009, according to WWF.
You've probably heard that wildflowers support insects like butterflies and bees, which play a huge role in pollinating crops (庄稼授粉) that we depend on for food. That's just one of many ways wildflowers and other native plants are important to our earth. Native flowers are part of a living network. They lock carbon(碳)within soil, an important part of mitigating (减缓) changes in weather. They store water and nutrients, which are good for forests. And, of course, they look beautiful, making them an attraction in any places.
"If we hope to encourage children to grow up fighting to save the planet, wildflowers are a perfect fit; they get kids thinking about nature with a sense of wonder," Sartore says. "These places serve as outdoor classrooms, plus they clean our air, soil, and water."
But what can we do You don't have to be an eager gardener or have lots of land to put your effort into. If you live in a city, you can just plant flowers in a window box or on your rooftop.
Another way to get involved beyond your own space at home is to find out how public green spaces near you are managed. You can also volunteer at a local nature center, or community garden that is planting native plants. If you aren't sure what types of plants are native to your area, ask at a nearby garden center or search online.
"I believe that people want to help make the planet a better place, but they just don't know where to start," Sartore says. "Planting wildflowers and other plants is a great way."
19．Why does Sartore plant wildflowers at home and at his office
A．To show what types of plants are native to the area.
B．To encourage his neighbours to plant more native plants.
C．To provide kids with some places as outdoor classrooms.
D．To call attention to the disappearing of native wildflowers.
20．What's Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The power of wildflowers.
B．The ways of planting flowers.
C．The benefits of insects like bees.
D．The importance of the living network.
21．According to the passage, what might be the proper way to help with native wildflowers
A．Working as volunteers to help in local parks.
B．Building a big garden near your community.
C．Moving from the city to the village to grow plants.
D．Encouraging yourself to be an eager gardener first.
（2023·玉州模拟）阅读理解
Do you usually try to reduce waste by collecting objects that can be recycled Do you often help people around you raise awareness（意识） about the environment
Su Yige, a vlogger（视频博主） on Bilibili, is such a person. She tries her best to protect the environment in her daily life. Su always takes her own bag with her when she goes shopping. Most of the furniture（家具） in her Shanghai home was bought from second—hand store. One day, she got her clothes dirty by accident when eating out. She quickly took out a handkerchief（手帕） from her bag instead of reaching for a paper napkin on the table.
Su says her awareness of avoiding waste comes from her parents. Although they have little "green" knowledge, her parents live a green life. They won't throw away an object as long as it can still be used.
She hated to see the large number of waste that people around her created every day. She used to believe western people took better care of the environment. She was, then, surprised when she saw mountains of food waste being left outside of supermarkets in Canada seven years ago. She was a student at that time, but she decided to ""step in" and started environmental vlogger（视频博客）.
On Bilibili, Su shares her love for old things and things that can be recycled. She also teaches people to make natural washing powder（天然洗衣粉） and other environmental objects. Her videos has received up to 95.000 likes. Under her influence, many young people have changed their lifestyles. Ding Nan from Fujian province, for example, has said goodbye to all bottled drinks and has been carried a reusable plastic box with her wherever she goes.
Now, by exchanging suggestions with her fans and other environmental vloggers, Su has continued to avoid creating waste and has helped more people to do so as well. She wants people to know that a greener life can be enjoyable, too, once one has gotten used to it.
22．What does Su Yige usually do according to the article
A．She throws away old things.
B．She reduces waste.
C．She makes furniture.
23．Su Yige used ______ to clean her dirty clothes when eating out one day.
A．a handkerchief B．a paper napkin C．water
24．Whom does she get the awareness of avoiding waste from
A．Environmental vloggers.
B．Her teachers.
C．Her parents.
25．From the article, we know that ______.
A．she started environmental vlog after she finished school
B．her videos has received p, to 9, 500 likes on Bilibill
C．she influences many young people to change their lifestyles
26．Where can we probably read the article in a magazine
A．Environmental Protection.
B．Modern Life.
C．Science Study.
（2023·夏邑模拟） 阅读理解
In China, each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste according to a report. Where does the waste go People usually burn or bury(埋)it. On the other hand, we receive waste from some developed countries. We get useful materials from it. What about the useless part Still burned or buried. But is it a proper way
Waste pollutes the environment, harms people's health and causes animals to die. It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development. We can't make money at the cost of the environment. We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations(一代人).
China is getting really serious about waste now.
We are taking less waste from developed countries. From January 2018, China started to stop24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity factories. They burn waste to make electricity in a green way. No harmful gases or water will get into the environment.
The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting(分类). Cities like Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting systems. More will join them soon. As President Xi Jinping said during a visit to Shanghai, waste sorting is a new fashion(时尚). More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste.
27．The writer starts the passage by ________.
A．telling stories B．comparing numbers
C．raising questions D．giving suggestions
28．The underlined word "sustainable" in Paragraph, 2 means "________" in Chinese.
A．可享受的 B．可持续的 C．可借鉴的 D．可复活的
29．From the passage, we know that ________.
A．waste does harm only to the environment
B．those who break the law may not be punished
C．China stops getting waste from developed countries
D．waste sorting starts to become popular in China
30．According to the passage, how many cities have their own sorting systems
A．One B．Two C．Three D．Four
31．The structure of the passage may be ________.
(①=Paragraph1 ②=Paragraph2 ③= Paragraph 3 ④=Paragraph4 ⑤= Paragraph 5 ⑥= Paragraph 6).
A．
B．
C．
D．
（2022·贺州）阅读理解
Several large companies have begun creating paper bottles to replace glass and plastic ones.
A company called Paboco has been working with many large companies to develop paper bottles. These companies are creating their own bottle designs.
Clearly, one of the biggest challenges is keeping a paper bottle from leaking (渗漏). The inside of the bottle needs a special liner (衬层) to make sure the liquid doesn't leak through. Many companies are lining their bottles with thin plastic.
Though bottle makers may say this liner can be removed and recycled, many recycling programs don't have the right machines to deal with these liners.
A Danish beer company called Carlsberg is working with Paboco on a paper bottle called the "Green Fiber Bottle". Now the bottle uses a plastic liner. In the future the company hopes to use a "bio-plastic (生物塑料)" that will break down naturally over time.
But even without the plastic, paper bottles aren't perfect. Most paper bottles use wood pulp (木浆). That could lead to the loss of forests.
Frugalpac, a company from the United Kingdom, has created bottles made of recycled paper, so no trees need to be cut down. Frugalpac still uses plastic liners, though.
But with so many companies working towards the same goal, we will see more paper bottles on store shelves in the near future.
32．One of the biggest challenges of using paper bottles is _________.
A．how to use few liners
B．how to make perfect liners
C．keeping the plastic bottles from breaking down
D．keeping the paper bottles from leaking
33．What does the underlined word "Frugalpac" refer to
A．A Danish milk company.
B．A Danish beer company.
C．A company from the United States of America.
D．A company from the United Kingdom.
34．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．A company called Paboco has been working to develop paper bottles alone.
B．Many paper bottles have thin plastic inside.
C．It's impossible to remove and recycle the liners of paper bottles.
D．The loss of forests leads to the use of wood pulp in most paper bottles.
35．What's the main idea of this passage
A．Paper bottles are not perfect.
B．Bottles are made of recycled paper.
C．Some companies work to develop paper bottles.
D．Some companies work to develop glass and plastic bottles.
（2022·长沙）阅读理解
Otters(水獭) are cute water animals. These days, keeping otters as pets is getting popular. In Japan, some "otter cafés (咖啡馆)"are open for business. People can pay to play with the otters there and to take photos with them. In Indonesia, people go swimming with their pet otters and take funny videos. These photos and videos posted online have interested more people to buy otters as pets.
However, these enjoyable photos and videos hide the damage(损害) that the online trade is doing to otters. In fact, wild otters are facing many threats—they have long been hunted(猎杀) for their coats in some places, fishermen have been killing otters in order to stop them from eating fish and now, the online pet trade has become another big problem for otters.
In the wild, baby otters usually stay with their mothers during their first year of life. According to a report, 70% of the otters sold online are under one year old. These baby otters have been stolen from their mothers. When they are kept as pets by humans, they do not live full and natural lives.
Otters are very social. They live in family groups of up to 15 in the wild. Keeping an otter as a pet can make it very sad and lonely. These animals also need enough space to swim. Their owners' bathtubs or pools are nowhere near as large as the bodies of water in the wild.
On the other hand, otters simply don't make good pets. They have a very special fishy smell. If they are kept indoors, they will leave a lot of waste around the house. This would make the smell even more unpleasant. Besides, when otters are unhappy, they will make loud noises and even attack(攻击) people. If a person is hurt by an otter, he or she needs to go to hospital at once. So, we should stop the otter pet trade and never share photos and videos about them online.
36．What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about
A．The ways of buying otters online.
B．The advantages of playing with otters.
C．The popularity of keeping otters as pets.
37．What does the underlined word "threats" mean in Paragraph 2
A．机遇 B．威胁 C．选择
38．What do we know about otters in the wild
A．They live in family groups of up to 15.
B．They don't need enough space to swim.
C．Baby otters never stay with their mothers.
39．Why don't otters make good pets
a. They may attack people.
b. They may make loud noises.
c. They have a special fishy smell.
d. They need to go to hospital often.
A．a, b, c B．a, b, d C． b, d
40．What is the writer's main purpose of writing the text
A．To tell people the otters' living habits.
B．To teach people how to keep a pet otter.
C．To call on people to stop the otter pet trade
（2022·南浔模拟）阅读理解
Think about what you like to wear on the weekend. There's a good chance that you like to put on a pair of blue jeans. At any moment, about half of the world's population is wearing jeans. But according to a new study, our love for jeans may be bad for Earth. Denim (牛仔布) might be putting some sea animals in danger.
You might wonder: Isn't denim made of cotton, a natural material How can it become a danger to nature Well, in the process of making jeans, cotton is treated with many types of man-made chemicals. Some improve the durability (耐用性) and feel; others give jeans their blue color. Every time we wash our jeans, tiny bits of denim come loose. They flow out of our washing machines, down the drain and into the world's rivers, lakes and oceans.
Scientists studied the Great Lakes in America and the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. They found denim waste in all of the water they had collected. It is terrible that the harmful chemicals in denim have spread far and wide. Scientists aren't yet sure how these chemicals might harm animals.
In the study, the scientists also washed jeans to see how many bits of denim on average each pair would drop per wash. The answer was surprising: About 50,000. Not all of them make their way into the environment. Wastewater treatment plants(污水处理厂) hold back 83 to 99 percent of them. This may sound pretty good. However, one percent of 50,000 bits are still 500 per wash. Now think about the number of jeans around the world and the times each of them gets washed. As a result, a large amount of denim waste still gets into the environment.
Does this mean we shouldn't wear jeans Probably not. "We need to buy fewer clothes and only wash them when we truly need to do it," says Sam Athey, one of the scientists. "You don't need to wash your jeans after having worn them only a couple of times."
41．According to the article, denim might be bad for nature because ______.
A．it is made of man-made cotton B．it is difficult to be washed clean
C．it comes from a natural material D．it is treated with many chemicals
42．The underlined word "They " in Paragraph 2 refers to"_____________".
A．Natural materials B．some sea animals
C．Tiny bits of denim D．Man-made chemicals
43．Sam Athey suggests ______.
A．that we should not wear jeans B．washing jeans when necessary
C．we buy jeans as many as possible D．we wash jeans after wearing them
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．D
4．C
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了酷玩乐队采用了哪些措施来保护环境的。
【点评】考查阅读理解题。认真阅读题干，根据题干要求，在文中寻找案所在的语句或段落，进行分析理解，词义测，推理判断，选出正确的选项。
1．细节理解题。根据The music band Coldplay is taking actions to protect the environment. This includes using their fans' energy to help provide electricity for their performances.(乐团Coldplay正在采取行动保护环境。这包括利用粉丝的能量为他们的表演提供电力。)可知，利用粉丝的能量为他们的表演提供电力。故选B。
2．词义猜测题，根据Each dance floor can support many people. It creates electricity when people move on it. (每个舞池都可以容纳许多人。当人们在上面移动时，它会产生电。)可知划线单词指代的是"The floor舞池"。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据In order to encourage fans to dance or ride more during the performance, they even have competitions to find out which group of fans can createthe most electricity. (为了鼓励粉丝们在表演期间多跳舞或骑自行车，他们甚至举行比赛，看哪一组粉丝能产生最大的电力。)可知，Coldplay通过电力创造竞争鼓励粉丝们更多地跳舞和骑马。故选D。
4．细节归纳题。根据Coldplay has takenother steps to protect the environment. One of its tour stages (舞台) uses recycled steel. The band also hopes to set up the world's first tour battery (电池) system, made from 40 recycled electric car batteries (Coldplay已经采取了其他措施来保护环境。其中一个巡演舞台使用了再生钢材。乐队还希望建立世界上第一个巡回赛电池系统，由40个回收的电动汽车电池制成。希望是用电池为整个节目供电。)可知，文中提到了骑储能自行车，回收电动汽车电池和用再生钢材建造舞台。故选C。
【答案】5．B
6．C
7．D
8．A
9．C
【知识点】科普类；环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了气温升高会对贫穷国家造成重大影响，使他们更加贫穷。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
5．推断题。根据The influence has been less big in richer countries—with some even benefiting from higher temperatures可知，在较富裕的国家，气候变化的影响较小，有些国家甚至从高温中获益。所以，气温升高可能会给富裕国家带来好处。故选B。
6．词义猜测题。根据画线词后句as they are already.以及前文poor countries will likely face very serious challenges, including the disappearance of whole communities and millions of early deaths.可知，贫穷国家很可能面临非常严重的挑战，包括整个社区的消失和数百万人的过早死亡。所以，贫穷国家会遭受气温升高所带来的影响。画线词suffer意为"遭受"，故选C。
7．推断题。根据The influence is greater elsewhere, especially in sub-Saharan, African driven the average income more than 20% lower其他地方的影响更大，尤其是在撒哈拉以南地区，非洲的平均收入下降了20%以上，可知布基纳法索（非洲国家）将面临由气候变化引起的重大经济问题。故选D。
8．主旨题。根据Scientists have long predicted that warmer temperatures caused by climate （气候） change will have the big influence on the world's poorest people科学家们早就预测，气候变化导致的气温升高将对世界上最贫穷的人产生重大影响，以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了气温升高会对贫穷国家造成重大影响，使他们更加贫穷。故选A。
9．推断题。根据Scientists have long predicted that warmer temperatures caused by climate change will have the big influence on the world's poorest people. New research now suggests that has already happened over the past years.可知，科学家们早就预测，气候变化导致的气温升高将对世界上最贫穷的人产生重大影响。新的研究表明，这种情况在过去几年已经发生了。本文最有可能来源于一篇研究论文。故选C。
【答案】10．A
11．C
12．B
13．A
14．A
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一位联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）的工作人员Aboubacar Kampo，他在C te d'Ivoire发现了塑料垃圾无处不在的问题。哥伦比亚的一家公司Conceptos Plásticos将塑料垃圾回收并将其变成类似乐高积木的大型砖块，用于建造学校和房屋。真正实现了"绿色建筑"。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
10．细节理解题。根据第一段Have you ever noticed plastic waste everywhere in your community？Dr.Aboubacar Kampo has.He was living in C te d'Ivoire，a country on the coast of West Africa，where plastic is a big environmental problem，compared with water and air pollution.（你注意到你所在社区到处都是塑料垃圾吗？Aboubacar Kampo博士注意到了。他住在C te d'Ivoire，西非海岸的一个国家，那里的塑料与水和空气污染相比是一个巨大的环境问题。）可知，C te d'Ivoire面临的主要问题是塑料污染。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据第五段In 2018，UNICEF built its first classrooms in Abidjan，using bricks produced in Colombia by Conceptos Plásticos.（2018年，联合国儿童基金会在Abidjan使用Conceptos Plásticos在哥伦比亚生产的砖块建造了第一间教室。）可知，Conceptos Plásticos为建造Abidjan的教室提供砖块。故选C。
12．推理判断题。根据第五段People couldn't believe it at the beginning，that the classrooms were made of plastic.But now all the parents want their children in these classrooms.（人们一开始不敢相信，教室是用塑料制成的。但现在所有的家长都希望他们的孩子在这些教室里。）可知，在第5段中，"激动的"最能描述父母对孩子未来的看法。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据最后一段The environmental influence is huge.Kampo says it takes about five and a half tons of plastic and just a few weeks to build a classroom.（对环境的影响是巨大的。Kampo说，建造一个教室大约需要五吨半的塑料，只需要几周的时间。）可知，建造一间教室大约需要5.5吨塑料。故选A。
14．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一位联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）的工作人员Aboubacar Kampo，他在C te d'Ivoire发现了塑料垃圾无处不在的问题。哥伦比亚的一家公司Conceptos Plásticos将塑料垃圾回收并将其变成类似乐高积木的大型砖块，用于建造学校和房屋。真正实现了"绿色建筑"。故文章的最佳标题应是"绿色建筑"。故选A。
【答案】15．C
16．D
17．B
18．C
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】大意：文章介绍了书的回收利用以及儿童图书工程，呼吁我们回收利用书籍。
【点评】考查阅读理解。推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
15．细节理解题。根据第二段Recycling your old books means you give them to another person, family or group, instead of leaving them to take up space and get dusty（布满灰尘的）. 回收旧书意味着你把它们交给另一个人、家人或团体，而不是让它们占据空间并尘封 ，可知作者建议把书交给另一个人、家人或团体。故选C。
16．细节理解题。根据最后一段When you give away books, they are cleaned and divided into age groups and reading levels. 可知，当你赠送书籍给儿童图书工程时，它们会被清洗干净，并被划分为年龄组和阅读水平。故选D。
17．推理判断题。通读全文，可知文章介绍了书的回收利用以及儿童图书工程，可推知文章应来源于杂志。故选B。
18．细节理解题。通读全文，可知文章介绍了书的回收利用以及儿童图书工程，呼吁我们回收利用书籍，可知问题：作家想让我们回收书籍吗？更能帮助我们找到作者的意图。故选C。
【答案】19．D
20．A
21．A
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了Joel Sartore呼吁大家种植野花保护地球的事情。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和段落题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；段落题需要通读全文，了解段落大意之后找出中心思想。
19．推理判断题，根据句子Wildflowers need our help. In the U.S., Great Plains alone, over 33 million acres of wildflowers and grasslands have been lost since 2009, according to WWF. 野花需要我们的帮助。据世界自然基金会称，自2009年以来，仅在美国大平原地区，就有超过3300万英亩的野花和草原消失。可推知Joel Sartore在家和办公室种植野花是为了引起大家对于本土野花消失的关注，故选D。
20．段落大意题，通读第三段，根据句子You've probably heard that wildflowers support insects like butterflies and bees, which play a huge role in pollinating crops (庄稼授粉) that we depend on for food. That's just one of many ways wildflowers and other native plants are important to our earth. 你可能听说过野花支持蝴蝶和蜜蜂这样的昆虫，它们在为我们赖以为生的作物授粉方面发挥着巨大的作用。这只是野花和其他原生植物对我们地球重要的众多方面之一。可知本段主要讲了野花的作用，故选A。
21．细节理解题，根据句子If you live in a city，you can just plant flowers in a window box or on your rooftop. 如果你住在城市里，你可以把花种在窗台上的盒子里或屋顶上。以及句子Another way to get involved beyond your own space at home is to find out how public green spaces near you are managed.You can also volunteer at a local nature center，or community garden that is planting native plants. 另一种参与到你自己家里的空间之外的方法是了解你附近的公共绿地是如何管理的。你也可以在当地的自然中心或种植本地植物的社区公园做志愿者。可知我们可以作为志愿者在当地公园提供帮助，故选A。
【答案】22．B
23．A
24．C
25．C
26．A
【知识点】环保类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：文章主要讲述了哔哩哔哩的视频播主苏一格在生活中避免浪费，保护环境的故事。
【点评】考查环保类阅读。通读全文，了解大意，根据对问题的理解在文章中寻找相关信息，结合上下文情境，给出答案。
22．细节理解题。根据Su says her awareness of avoiding waste comes from her parents. 可知苏一格通常避免浪费，故答案为B。
23．细节理解题。根据One day, she got her clothes dirty by accident when eating out. She quickly took out a handkerchief（手帕） from her bag instead of reaching for a paper napkin on the table. 可知有一天，苏一格在外面吃饭时用手帕擦脏衣服。故答案为A。
24．细节理解题。根据Su says her awareness of avoiding waste COmes from her parents. 可知苏一格从父母那里得到了避免浪费的意识。故答案为C。
25．细节理解题。根据Under her influence, many young people have changed their lifestyles.可知苏一格影响了许多年轻人改变了他们的生活方式。故答案为C。
26．推理判断题。根据Do you usually try to reduce waste by collecting objects that can be recycled Do you often help people around you raise awareness .(意识) about the environment 和短文内容可知，本文主要介绍了视频主播苏一格在生活中避免浪费，保护环境的故事。和环境保护有关，可知我们可能在杂志上环境保护部分读到这篇文章。故答案为A。
【答案】27．C
28．B
29．D
30．C
31．A
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲的是垃圾污染环境，危害人们的健康，导致动物死亡，同时也阻碍了可持续发展，并列举了处理垃圾问题的三种方法：减少他国的垃圾输入及制定废物处理的法律法规，废物合理利用，垃圾分类。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
27．推断题。根据第一段出现的三个问句Where does the waste go What about the useless part Butisit a proper way "可知，本文是通过提出问题开始的，故选C。
28．词义猜测题。根据We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations我们应该把青山绿水留给我们的下一代，可推断，suitable 在这里的意思是可持续的，故选B。
29．细节题。根据waste sorting is a new fashion(时尚). More and more people are forming the habit oseparating their waste.垃圾分类是一个新的时尚。越来越多的人养成了废物分类的习惯，可知，垃圾分类在中国已经开始流行，故选D。
30．推断题。根据Cities like Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting systems上海、重庆和北京等城市都有自己的分拣系统
31．推断题。第一段是提出问题，第二段是垃圾污染的危害，第三段号召重视浪费，文章第四段的减少他国的垃圾输入及制定垃圾处理的法律法规，第五段的，废物合理利用，以及第六段的，垃圾分类，都属于第三段的处理废物问题的方法，故图示A是正确的结果，故选A。
【答案】32．D
33．D
34．B
35．C
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍了几家大公司为了保护环境开始制造纸瓶来代替玻璃和塑料瓶，并介绍了纸瓶的优点和缺点。
【点评】考查环保类阅读。认真阅读题干，根据题干要求，在文中寻找答案所在的语句或段落，进行分析理解，推理判断和概括归纳，选出正确的选项。
32．细节理解题。根据Clearly, one of the biggest challenges is keeping a paper bottle from leaking (渗漏). The inside of the bottle needs a special liner (衬层) to make sure the liquid doesn't leak through. 可知制作纸瓶子最大的挑战是防止液体泄露。故答案为D。
33．词义猜测题。根据Frugalpac, a company from the United Kingdom,可知，来自英国的公司Frugalpac用再生纸制造了瓶子,所以此处"Frugalpac'指代的是“一个英国公司"。故答案为D。
34．细节理解题。根据Many companies are lining their bottles with thin plastic.和Frugalpac still uses plastic liners, though.可知现在许多纸瓶内部都有薄塑料。故答案为B。
35．主旨大意题。根据But with so many companies working towards the same goal, we will see more paper bottles on store shelves in thenear future.和全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了几家大公司为了保护环境已经开始制造纸瓶来代替玻璃和塑料瓶。故答案为C。
【答案】36．C
37．B
38．A
39．A
40．C
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了水獭不能被当做宠物来养的原因，并呼吁大家停止水獭宠物交易。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含段落大意题、词义猜测题、细节理解题、主旨大意题，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
36．段落大意题。根据Otters are cute water animals. These days, keeping otters as pets is getting popular.水獭是可爱的水生动物。现在，养水獭当宠物越来越流行。可知本段主旨是养水獭当宠物很流行，故选C。
37．词义猜测题。根据they have long been hunted for their coats in some places，可知一直以来，人们都猎杀水獭来获取皮毛，这是水獭面临的威胁，threat威胁，故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据Otters are very social. They live in family groups of up to 15 in the wild.水獭很善于交际。在野外，它们的家庭成员多达15个。可知在野外，它们的家庭成员多达15个。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据They have a very special fishy smell.它们有一种特别的鱼腥味；Besides, when otters are unhappy, they will make loud noises and even attack(攻击) people.此外，当水獭不高兴时，它们会发出很大的噪音，甚至攻击人。可知a，b，c正确，故选A。
40．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，可知本文主要介绍了水獭不能被当做宠物来养的原因，并呼吁大家停止水獭宠物交易。故选C。
【答案】41．D
42．C
43．B
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要提出了牛仔给地球带来的坏处以及相应的建议。
【点评】考查阅读理解。注意首先查看题干，划取问题关键词；再仔细阅读文章，根据关键词锁定答案，选择正确选项。
41．细节理解题。根据第二段You might wonder: Isn't denim made of cotton, a natural material How can it become a danger to nature Well, in the process of making jeans, cotton is treated with many types of man-made chemicals. 你可能会想：牛仔布不是用棉做的吗？棉是一种天然材料？它怎么会对大自然构成威胁？嗯，在制作牛仔裤的过程中，棉花经过多种人造化学品的处理，可知棉花经过多种人造化学品的处理。故选D。
42．词义猜测题。根据上文Every time we wash our jeans, tiny bits of denim come loose.每次我们洗牛仔裤，都会有一小块牛仔布散开，可知此处的they指代小块牛仔布。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据最后一段"We need to buy fewer clothes and only wash them when we truly need to do it," says Sam Athey山姆·阿西说：“我们需要少买点衣服，只在真正需要的时候才洗。”，可知他建议需要的时候再洗牛仔。故选B。
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