备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练一 人与自我 主题18 人物传记

备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练一 人与自我 主题18 人物传记
一、阅读理解
（2024·金华模拟） 阅读理解
①There is really no reason for my writing the life of Su Tungpo except that I want to do it. For years, the writing of his biography(传记) has been at the back of my mind, but the regret is never quiet down. Now that I am able to apply myself to this task, I am happy, without any reasons.
②A vivid personality isn't that easy to be understood. One might say that Su Tungpo was an unchangeable optimist(乐观主义者), a friend of the people, a prose master, an original painter, a great calligraphist, an experimenter in wine making, an engineer, a secretary to the emperor, a dissenter in politics, and a poet. And yet that might miss the sum total of why people like Su Tungpo. Su Tungpo's complex personality gives a reason. Always deeply stuck in politics, he was always greater than politics. Without trick and without purpose, he went along singing, composing, and criticizing, to express something he felt in his heart, paying no attention to what might be the results of himself. He wrote just because he enjoyed writing, and today we enjoy his writing just because he wrote so beautifully, generously, and out of the clearness of his heart.
③As I try to find the reasons why for a thousand years in China each generation has a crowd of crazy admirers of this poet, I come to the second reason, which is the same as the first, stated in a different way. Su Tungpo had charm. The chief charm of Su Tungpo was a force of character (that could not be stopped by anyone), a force (that, started at the moment of his birth, had to run its course until death closed his mouth and stopped his laughing chatter). He wielded his pen almost as if it were a toy. He could be curious, or humorous or serious, very serious, and from his pen we hear various human emotions of joy, happiness, worry and love.
④On the whole, we get the impression that he played and sang through life and enjoyed it greatly, and when sadness came and unluckiness fell, he accepted them with a smile. That is the kind of charm which I am trying to describe in my way and which has made him the favorite poet of so many Chinese experts.
1．What does the underlined words "this task" in Paragraph1 refer to
A．read the life of Su Tungpo B．read Su Tungpo's poems
C．write the life of Su Tungpo D．write down Su Tungpo's poems
2．What can we learn from the passage
A．Su Tungpo's works were all full of joy and love.
B．Su Tungpo had a crowd of fans at home and abroad.
C．Su Tungpo was good at many things except making wine.
D．Su Tungpo always expressed himself without caring about the results.
3．What's the meaning of the underlined word wielded in Paragraph3
A．Cut B．bought C．used D．broke
4．What's the structure of the passage (P① = paragraph ①)
A． B．
C． D．
5．Which words can best describe Su Tungpo according to the passage
A．Beautiful and clear. B．Sad and changeable.
C．Serious and unlucky. D．Optimistic and charming.
（2024·普陀模拟） Choose the best answer(根据文章内容，选择最恰当的答案)
THE RACING DRIVER
British driver Mike Newman enjoys breaking speed records. In 2013, he broke two-the land speed and the water speed records. This achievement is more amazing because Mike cannot see. He was born with a serious eye disease and became blind at eight.
For many years, Mike did not think it was possible to take part in motor sports. But at the age of forty, he began to ride motorbikes and then he tried cars. "I love the engines, the smells, the noises which come with it, "he says.
When he isn't breaking records, Mike runs a charity called Speed of Sight. The charity helps other blind people to take part in motor sports.
THE CYCLIST
In 2000, at the age of fifteen. Chris Brown had a serious car accident. He lost his left leg. For the next few years, he found it very difficult to live with his disability. But in 2008 he saw a man with one leg cycle up a hill. "I can do that, "he thought, and he learned to cycle. It was really difficult. He failed countless times,____but he quickly picked himself up.
In 2009, he began to compete in races for disabled cyclists. His ambition was to compete in the Paralympic Games(残奥会)in 2021 and he worked hard to be in the French team. But then the rules for the competition changed and Chris could not take part because his condition did not match the new rules. So Chris found a new challenge:cycling up mountains. Now he competes in mountain races and cycles around 27, 000 kilometres every year!
THE SKIER
Alana Nichols was a sporty child. She loved ball games. Her ambition was to study sports at university. But then, at the age of seventeen, she broke her back in a serious snowboarding accident. She couldn't walk. For two years, she did not know what to do with her life.
But at the age of nineteen, she discovered a new sport: soft volleyball. She became part of the national team and won a gold medal at the Paralympics.
Alana realized that other sports were possible for her too. She tried surfing and basketball. Then she tried skiing. She worked hard. At the 2010 winter Paralympics, she became the only one to win gold medals at the summer and winter Paralympic Games when she won four medals for skiing. Then, in 2014. she won another prize at the winter games.
6．Mike Newman's problems with his eyes began____.
A．when he was born. B．when he was eight
C．when he was seventeen D．when he was forty
7．Mike Newman did not start driving cars until he was forty because____.
A．it took him many years to get ready for motor sports
B．he did not know about the charity for the blind in motor sports
C．he was not confident enough to take part in motor sports
D．somebody told him it's impossible to take part in motor sports
8．What does the underlined part mean
A．He failed to buy himself a bike, but he kept making money.
B．He tried hard to cycle, but he still needed others to help him up.
C．He fell off his cycle many times, but he still kept trying.
D．He counted the times he fell off from the bike by himself.
9．Chris Brown didn't compete in Paralympic Games because____.
A．he wasn't good enough for the French team
B．he didn't have the right kind of bicycle
C．he preferred to cycle up mountains instead
D．he wasn't allowed to take part by the new rules
10．In which sport has Alana Nichols won her most recent prize
A．Skiing. B．Volleyball. C．Surfing. D．Basketball.
11．What is the best title for the passage
A．Advantages of team sports
B．Brave disabled in sports fields
C．Sports people with their talents
D．Exciting games and their players
（2023·坪山模拟） 阅读理解
Before she appeared on the show Britain's Got Talent, Susan Boyle was just an ordinary middle-aged British woman. Now all this is going to change.
She lives in a house with her cat Pebbles in a small Scottish town. Because of learning difficulties, she doesn't have much education. But she has a very good voice. As a kid, she sang in church and choirs and school plays. For a living, she sang at local pubs.
When she took the stage on April 10th her hair was untidy and her clothes seemed just one step up from old clothes. The audience laughed at her.
But then she opened her mouth. The laughing audience went silent. A beautiful voice was singing I Dreamed a Dream. Everyone was amazed. At the end of her song, the audience jumped to their feet and clapped hands wildly.
Almost overnight, Susan became a well-known name. She won millions of fans. Her online videos have over 85.2 million hits.
Susan's story proved the truth of an old saying: "Never judge the book by its cover." Susan may look ordinary, and doesn't have much dress sense, but she can certainly sing.
Susan's fans admire her courage, as much as they do to her voice. She has experienced many disappointments, but her love for music has kept her going, which is worth anyone's respect.
12．What was Susan before the talent show
A．A famous singer. B．An ordinary woman.
C．A cat raiser. D．A daydreamer.
13．Why did the audience jump and feel wild after Susan's performance
A．To laugh at her old and untidy clothes.
B．To show respect to an amazing singer.
C．To welcome a well-known singer.
D．To show great love to the talent show.
14．Which of the following means the same as "judge the book by its cover"
A．表里不一 B．以貌取人 C．浪得虚名 D．以假乱真
15．What can be the best reason for Susan's success
A．She is brave enough to show her talents.
B．She wore strange clothes in the show.
C．She has a good voice and loves music.
D．She has experienced disappointments.
（2023·青岛模拟）阅读理解
Six months, five continents (大洲), forty-one countries, fifty-two thousand kilometers. At 19, Zara Rutherford has broken two Guinness World Records. She became the youngest female (女性) to fly alone around the world and the first woman to do so in a microlight aircraft (超轻型飞机).
The Belgian-British teenager landed in Belgium on Jan 20. "It's just really crazy," she told the news reporter.
With two pilot parents, Rutherford started learning to fly at 14 and got her first license in 2020. To realize her dream of flying around the world alone, she sold her car to pay for the trip. She also found some sponsors (赞助者). One of them is Shark Aero. The company provided her with a two-seat microlight.
In August 2021, when everything was ready, Rutherford set off. She planned to finish her trip in three months. Instead, it took nearly half a year because of bad weather and expired (过期的) travel documents (证件).
The most difficult part of the trip was flying over Russia's Siberia (西伯利亚) region. "It was -35℃ on the ground and -20℃ in the air. . . If the engines were to stop, I'd be hours away from rescue (救援) and I don't know how long I could have lived," Rutherford said. She also faced storms, wildfires, typhoons and broken parts of her aircraft.
Rutherford hopes her flight will encourage more girls to choose careers (职业) in aviation (航空业). "If you don't try and see how high you can fly, then you'll never know," Rutherford told the news reporter.
16．Rutherford set a record for being the youngest woman to ____.
A．fly a microlight aircraft
B．travel around the world in six months
C．fly the longest time in the air
D．fly alone around the world
17．How did Rutherford get her aircraft
A．She sold her car to buy it
B．She got it from one of her sponsors.
C．Her parents gave it to her as a present.
D．She bought it with her sponsors' money.
18．When did Rutherford start learning to fly
A．In 2017. B．In 2019. C．In 2020. D．In 2021.
19．What do we know about Rutherford's record-breaking trip
A．She faced many challenges.
B．It went just as she planned.
C．Her engine stopped in Siberia
D．She helped to put out wildfires.
20．What can we infer (推测) from the last paragraph
A．Everyone should try flying.
B．More girls are interested in aviation.
C．Everyone should take a chance at their dream
D．Taking up challenges means facing risks.
（2023·海珠模拟）阅读理解
You might not be familiar with the name Beverly Cleary，but perhaps you have read one of her books——Ramona the Pest，Dear Mr Henshaw，too，she changed the world of children's books.
As a child, Cleary had trouble learning to read. Even after she had learned to love reading，she still found many books boring. The girl felt like the people she was reading about had little to do with her or her life. She wanted to read funny books about children like herself.
When she grew up, Cleary became a librarian. One day，some boys learned across the counter and asked her, Henry Huggins, tells the story of a boy and the stray dog that he takes in. Huggins is just an ordinary third﹣graderhit.
Cleary went on to write more books about Huggins and the other children in his neighborhood. From this neighborhood, "Ramona the Pest" became Cleary's best﹣known character. Ramona is curious and stubborn. She is always getting into trouble. Whenever Ramona gets into trouble, it's often funny
Unlike many other children's authors, Cleary liked to focus on real-life problems. In several of her books, the parents have money problems or are unhappy with their jobs. Cleary dealt with these situations with a gentle sense of humour and a deep understanding.
Cleary created over 40 books in all. More than 91 million copies of her books have been sold. The great author died at the age of 104 on March 25. Although she is no longer with us，her characters and stories will continue to be loved by many for years to come.
21．According to the article，what do we know about Cleary
A．She's good at reading and writing as a child.
B．She worked in a library when she grew up.
C．She was also called Ramona by many kids.
D．She wrote more than fifty books in her life.
22．Compared to many other children's authors，what is special about Cleary
A．She is the world's most﹣beloved children's author.
B．She did not like to write about real﹣life problems.
C．She wrote interesting stories about ordinary kids.
D．She sold more than 91 million copies of her books.
23．Which of the following can replace the underlined word "hit" in Paragraph 3
A．Trouble. B．Problem. C．Fun. D．Success.
24．Why did Cleary start to write about ordinary children
A．Because she always wanted to read funny books about children like herself.
B．Because she was sure that the book she's going to write would become a hit.
C．Because she knew not many children's authors wrote about ordinary children.
D．Because she wanted to focus on some real﹣life problems in that kind of books.
（2022·南通） 阅读理解
As Xiong Chuanfa, 34, blew a lifelike puppy out of molten maltose(溶化的麦芽糖) in just minutes, kids looked carefully at him with great surprise, thinking he was a magician.
Xiong Chuanfa has been working on blowing sugar figurines, a Chinese traditional folk art with a history of over 600 years, for more than twenty years.
In this special art form, the artist heats the syrup(糖浆) to a certain temperature, pulls off a small amount, makes it into a ball with an open center, presses the open area together and stretches it to form a tube. Then he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes. The traditional folk art has been listed as a state-level intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产).
Every morning, Xiong prepares the molten syrup and drives to start his "magic show" around his city. "Many people, particularly kids, are attracted by this sugar art. After all, the ancient art is gradually disappearing," Xiong said. Simon, from Australia, was attracted by a sugar Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, in Xiong's stall. Simon couldn't resist trying to make one himself. However, he couldn't get the wanted shape though he tried several times. "It looks simple, but actually it's very difficult to master the skill," he said. Thanks to Xiong's helping hand, Siunon finally saw a horse gradually taking shape. "Can't believe I've done this," he said, expressing his excitement at how a pot of sugar syrup has been turned into something "truly amazing".
Xiong said that blowing sugar figurines can date back to the Ming Dynasty and that his family has passed down this art for four generations. "My 6-year-old son often blows up a balloon-like sugar figure, just like I used to do as a child," he said. Xiong's wife Wang Li is an artist of the sugar painting, which is a form of traditional Chinese folk art that uses hot, liquid sugar to make 2-D objects.
"None of the cultural heritage left by our ancestors should be lost. They are name cards of the splendid Chinese culture and should be spread around the world," Xiong said. The couple often show their skills beside colleges to draw youngsters closer to the traditional art and allow them to experience its charm. "Sugar paintings and sugar figurines are childhood memories of several generations of Chinese people. We try to combine paper-cutting skills and modern elements(元素) with sugar figurines, making them similar to modern trend(趋势) while keeping a balance between beauty and taste. We will spend the rest of our lives helping pass on this intangible heritage," Xiong said.
Many people were deeply moved after learning about the family's story.
25．What is the correct order of making sugar figurines
a. Making it into a sugar ball. b. Stretching it to make a tube.
c. Pulling off some heated syrup. d. Blowing air to make wanted shapes.
A．c-a-b-d B．c-b-a-d C．b-a-c-d D．b-c-a-d
26．The underlined word "resist" in Paragraph 4 probably means "____".
A．be praised by B．stop oneself from
C．be attracted by D．remind oneself of
27．Which of the following is true according to the article
A．Xiong's son blows up a horse with his father's help.
B．Xiong's wife is also good at making sugar figurines.
C．Xiong tries to add modern elements to sugar figurines.
D．The Xiongs visit colleges to teach students their skills.
28．What's the best title of the passage
A．A Chinese artist on tasty folk art
B．A new modern trend
C．A balance between beauty and taste
D．Tasty sugar figurines
（2022·南通） 阅读理解
As Xiong Chuanfa, 34, blew a lifelike puppy out of molten maltose(溶化的麦芽糖) in just minutes, kids looked carefully at him with great surprise, thinking he was a magician.
Xiong Chuanfa has been working on blowing sugar figurines, a Chinese traditional folk art with a history of over 600 years, for more than twenty years.
In this special art form, the artist heats the syrup(糖浆) to a certain temperature, pulls off a small amount, makes it into a ball with an open center, presses the open area together and stretches it to form a tube. Then he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes. The traditional folk art has been listed as a state-level intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产).
Every morning, Xiong prepares the molten syrup and drives to start his "magic show" around his city. "Many people, particularly kids, are attracted by this sugar art. After all, the ancient art is gradually disappearing," Xiong said. Simon, from Australia, was attracted by a sugar Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, in Xiong's stall. Simon couldn't resist trying to make one himself. However, he couldn't get the wanted shape though he tried several times. "It looks simple, but actually it's very difficult to master the skill," he said. Thanks to Xiong's helping hand, Siunon finally saw a horse gradually taking shape. "Can't believe I've done this," he said, expressing his excitement at how a pot of sugar syrup has been turned into something "truly amazing".
Xiong said that blowing sugar figurines can date back to the Ming Dynasty and that his family has passed down this art for four generations. "My 6-year-old son often blows up a balloon-like sugar figure, just like I used to do as a child," he said. Xiong's wife Wang Li is an artist of the sugar painting, which is a form of traditional Chinese folk art that uses hot, liquid sugar to make 2-D objects.
"None of the cultural heritage left by our ancestors should be lost. They are name cards of the splendid Chinese culture and should be spread around the world," Xiong said. The couple often show their skills beside colleges to draw youngsters closer to the traditional art and allow them to experience its charm. "Sugar paintings and sugar figurines are childhood memories of several generations of Chinese people. We try to combine paper-cutting skills and modern elements(元素) with sugar figurines, making them similar to modern trend(趋势) while keeping a balance between beauty and taste. We will spend the rest of our lives helping pass on this intangible heritage," Xiong said.
Many people were deeply moved after learning about the family's story.
29．What is the correct order of making sugar figurines
a Making it into a sugar ball. b. Stretching it to make a tube.
c. Pulling off some heated syrup. d. Blowing air to make wanted shapes.
A．c-a-b-d B．c-b-a-d C．b-a-c-d D．b-c-a-d
30．The underlined word "resist" in Paragraph 4 probably means "____".
A．be praised by B．stop oneself from
C．be attracted by D．remind oneself of
31．Which of the following is true according to the article
A．Xiong's son blows up a horse with his father's help.
B．Xiong's wife is also good at making sugar figurines.
C．Xiong tries to add modern elements to sugar figurines.
D．The Xiongs visit colleges to teach students their skills.
32．What's the best title of the passage
A．A Chinese artist on tasty folk art
B．A new modern trend
C．A balance between beauty and taste
D．Tasty sugar figurines
（2023·越秀模拟） 阅读理解
Learning to play a musical instrument can be a bit tricky. For one thing, you have to have an instrument first in order to learn it. It can be a bit expensive. Besides, what if you find out that you don't really like the instrument after you start learning it
Meng Qi, a 35-year-old Beijinger, is an electronic musician. He wasn't satisfied with the instruments that he saw on the market. His interest in musical experiments led him to design and build his own electronic instruments.
His most well-known instrument is perhaps the Wing Pinger. It uses melody and noise to create special sounds that can't be made with regular instruments.
"I build for myself first, mostly for experimenting with an instrumental idea. Then when I get bored with the instrument, I might sell it," he said. He added that his creations are not just musical instruments, but also represent his way of life and his idea of beauty.
Meng starts building his instruments on a computer. He uses Arduino, a software for electronic prototyping (原型设计), to design his creations. They look very different from regular musical instruments. They're made out of electronic parts that are connected together—kind of like how a computer is built.
"First it can be a prototype in software, testing out ideas, as well as getting to know the range of the sound. Then it can be testing of the technical stuff, like the circuits to use. After that there will be selection of electronic parts till everything feels right. Then production can begin," he said.
However, it takes more than technical knowledge to design an electronic instrument. Meng's experience as a musician allows him to create instruments that are still playable and musical.
"Playing a lot of instruments can help you both understand and feel the process of playing music," he said.
33．What does the underlined word tricky in the first paragraph probably mean
A．too expensive to afford B．difficult to deal with
C．too heavy to carry with D．impossible to learn
34．Why does Meng build his own instruments
A．Because regular instruments are too expensive.
B．Because he wants to make something he could sell.
C．Because he wants to do experiments with his musical ideas.
D．Because he wants to learn how to play a musical instrument.
35．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about
A．Technical knowledge is necessary in his designing.
B．Being a musician is helpful to his inventions.
C．It is important to play a musical instrument.
D．How difficult it is to make a musical instrument.
36．Which is the correct order of the following according to the passage
a. Test the circuits in software.
b. Use Arduino to design a prototype.
c. Select the proper electronic parts.
d. The musical instrument is made.
e. Get to know the range of the sound.
A．b-c-d-a-e B．b-e-a-c-d C．d-e-c-a-b D．d-c-a-b-e
（2023·花都模拟） 阅读判断
This is an ordinary day for Yang Jinlong.
At 9 a. m，he drives to primary schools and middle schools in Xian Shanxi Province，to teach students about Shanxi kuaiban. It is a traditional Chinese form of storytelling to the rhythm of bamboo clappers（响板）which the art form is named after. Sometimes，he helps students prepare for competitions. Usually his classes run until about 6 p. m. and then he returns home to prepare classes for the next day.
On June 10 the Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced 325 national intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）items in Beijing increasing the list to 1，557 items. Shanxi kuaiban，which appeared during the late Qing Dynasty，has been included. It has been introduced to local schools as part of their art education.
Yang has been teaching young people the art form since 2003 after graduating from the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts in Beijing. He studied quyi there. Quyi is a general term for Chinese folk art forms including storytelling crosstalk and clapper talk.
"Art education is important for students in China. Just as many students learn to play western musical instruments like the piano and violin there are many people learning traditional Chinese folk arts，including Shanxi kuaiban，which I'll work for my whole life，"he said.
Kuaiban is popular in northern China，including Beijing and Tianjin. According to Yang，Shanxi kuaiban was influenced by the art of different areas. The art form can be played by a group of players or only one. With one or two pairs of kuaiban of different sizes in hand the players speak in the local dialect（方言）while telling stories，which are usually about heroes. The player tells stories while playing kuaiban and it's easy for the watchers to remember the stories since all the lines have rhymes.
Thanks to artists like Yang，this traditional Chinese form of storytelling is passed on and stays alive in our country.
37．What does Yang usually do during school time according to paragraph 2
A．He prepares lessons for teachers.
B．He goes to schools and gives lessons.
C．He sends the bamboo clappers to students.
D．He has a good time on Kuaiban by himself.
38．What is probably Yang Jinlong's job according to the passage
A．An officer. B．A teacher. C．A singer. D．An actor.
39．he main idea of paragraph 6 is ____.
A．how kuaiban is played B．where kuaiban is played
C．why kuaiban was invented D．when kuaiban was invented
40．According to the passage，if you want to be an artist like Yang，you should ____.
A．help primary students learn art
B．work with effort and stick with the art
C．communicate with other artists patiently
D．be active to play western musical instruments
（2022·鄂尔多斯）阅读理解
My name is Al. When I was a young boy, I didn't fit in with the other kids. I felt different.
Some kids made fun of me.
I used to have a hard time at school. Things that were easy for some kids were difficult for me. My mind wandered, and I couldn't pay attention to what the teacher said. In fact, some teachers thought I might never graduate(毕业).
While other kids lived for gym class, I hated it. I didn't see the point in the games the kids played.
Then one day, I saw something that really changed my life. I was looking at a compass (指南针) and thought, "Why does that little needle (针) always know where north is " It may seem silly now, but at that time, it made me take a second look at this thing I had seen many times before. I asked the simple question, "Why "
I started to read about it and in doing so, I found that physics was really interesting to me. I started borrowing books from school and learning the math behind common things of everyday life.
I started catching up with my classmates. Soon, I was beyond them. By the end of high school, I was far ahead of my teachers.
I got a job at an office. In my spare time, I worked on my ideas. I sent these ideas to a university. The university told me that I had come up with something very important.
Since then, my ideas have been used to look at the world differently. Some say that they changed the way we look at the universe.
It all started that day when I looked at something I had seen many times and asked the question, "Why "
You may know me. My name is Al… Albert Einstein.
41．Why did Al have a hard time when he was young
A．He spent too much time playing with other kids.
B．He was one of the most difficult students in his class.
C．He didn't find anything he was really interested in.
D．He failed to graduate from the school.
42．What helped Al out of the hard situation
A．The encouragement from his classmates and teachers.
B．The fact of asking the simple question, "Why "
C．The experience of having a gym class.
D．The strong will of entering a famous university.
43．What does "they" refer to in Paragraph 8
A．The questions. B．The games.
C．Some books. D．Al's ideas.
44．What can we mainly learn from Al's story
A．No pain, no gain.
B．Every dog has its day.
C．Where there is a will, there is a way.
D．Interest and thinking make great minds.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．D
3．C
4．B
5．D
【知识点】人物传记类；议论文；细节理解；文章结构
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了人们喜欢苏东坡的原因。
【点评】考查阅读理解。对于一些细节题目的考查，往往要到文章原句中去找答案；推测词义的题目，要着重看这个单词前后的句子；对于篇章结构题，首先要通读全文，了解大意，把握文章的脉络，理清段落之间的关系。
1．词义猜测题。根据第一段中For years,the writing of his biography(传记) has been at the back of my mind, but the regret is never quiet down. Now that I am able to apply myself to this task, I am happy, withoutany reasons.可知多年来，我一直在想写他的传记，现在我能够全身心地投入到这项任务中，我很高兴，故此处划线部分指代"写苏东坡的传记"。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中Without trick and without purpose, he went along singing, composing, and criticizing, to express something he felt in his heart, paying no attention to what might be the results of himself.可知他一直在表达他内心的感受，而不关注自己的结果。故选D。
3．词义猜测题。根据第三段中He wielded his pen almost as if it were a toy.可知他挥舞着他的笔，几乎就像是玩具一样，故此处划线部分和used意义相近。故选C。
4．篇章结构题。第一段引出作者对苏东坡的喜爱；第二和第三段介绍了人们喜欢苏东坡的原因；第四段进行了总结，总—分—总。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中One might say that Su Tungpo was an unchangeable optimist…以及第三段中Su Tungpo had charm.可知苏东坡是乐观、有魅力的。故选D。
【答案】6．A
7．C
8．C
9．D
10．A
11．B
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文介绍三位残障人士，虽然身体上有缺陷，但他们通过努力和坚持，分别在不同的领域取得了卓越的成就，并展示了残障人士同样可以活出精彩人生的精神。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
6．细节题。根据Mike cannot see. He was born with a serious eye disease，可知迈克·纽曼的眼睛问题从他出生时就开始了，故选A。
7．细节题。根据For many years, Mike did not think it was possible to take part in motor sports. But at the age of forty, he began to ride motorbikes and then he tried cars，可知迈克·纽曼直到四十岁才开始驾驶汽车，因为他没有足够的信心参加赛车运动，故选C。
8．句意猜测题。根据He lost his left leg，he thought, and he learned to cycle. It was really difficult. He failed countless times他想，然后他学会了骑自行车。真的很难。他失败了无数次，but he quickly picked himself up但他很快就振作起来，失去一条腿的人是很难保持平衡的。可知画线部分的意思是他多次从自行车上摔下来，但他仍然继续努力，故选C。
9．细节题。根据But then the rules for the competition changed and Chris could not take part because his condition did not match the new rules，可知克里斯·布朗没有参加残奥会，因为新规则不允许他参加，故选D。
10．推断题。根据in 2014. she won another prize at the winter games，可知阿兰娜·尼科尔斯最近在滑雪运动中获奖，故选A。
11．主旨题。本文介绍三位残障人士，虽然身体上有缺陷，但他们通过努力和坚持，分别在不同的领域取得了卓越的成就，并展示了残障人士同样可以活出精彩人生的精神，可知运动场上勇敢的残疾人是最佳标题，故选B。
【答案】12．B
13．B
14．B
15．C
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了苏珊·波尔通过自己的歌声在《英国达人》中一举成名的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。在开始阅读文章之前，先看一遍题目，了解文章的主题和问题，有目的地阅读文章，可以提高阅读效率。
12．细节题。根据第一段的Before she appeared on the show Britain's Got Talent, Susan Boyle was just an ordinary middle-aged British woman. 可知在参加《英国达人》节目之前，苏珊·波尔只是一个普通的英国中年妇女，故选B。
13．推断题。根据第四段的A beautiful voice was singing I Dreamed a Dream. Everyone was amazed. At the end of her song, the audience jumped to their feet and clapped hands wildly.可知一个美丽的嗓音唱起了《我梦想的一个梦》。每个人都感到惊讶。当她唱完歌，观众们跳起来，拼命地鼓掌。可只是为了表现对这位令人惊讶的歌手的尊敬，故选B。
14．词义猜测题。根据第六段的Susan may look ordinary, and doesn't have much dress sense, but she can certainly sing.可知苏珊可能看起来很普通，穿着品味也不怎么样，但她确实能唱歌。因此是指不要以貌取人，故选B。
15．推断题。根据最后一段的Susan's fans admire her courage, as much as they do to her voice. She has experienced many disappointments, but her love for music has kept her going, which is worth anyone's respect.可知苏珊的粉丝们敬佩她的勇气，以及她的歌声。她经历了很多失望，但她对音乐的爱让她坚持下去，这是值得大家尊敬的。因此她成功的原因应该是她的嗓音以及对音乐的热爱，故选C。
【答案】16．D
17．B
18．A
19．A
20．C
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了Zara Rutherford 独自开飞机游览世界的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
16．细节理解题。根据文章第一段She became the youngest female (女性) to fly alone around the world and the first woman to do so in a microlight aircraft (超轻型飞机).可知，Rutherford创造了一项记录，创造了一项记录，成为最年轻的独自环球飞行的女性，故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据文章第三段To realize her dream of flying around the world alone, she sold her car to pay for the trip. She also found some sponsors (赞助者). One of them is Shark Aero. The company provided her with a two-seat microlight.可知，Rutherford的飞机是一个赞助者送的，故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据文章第一段At 19, Zara Rutherford has broken two Guinness World Records.和文章第三段With two pilot parents, Rutherford started learning to fly at 14 and got her first license in 2020.可知，她现在19岁，14岁的时候开始飞行，因此她在2017年开始学习飞行，故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据文章第四段Instead, it took nearly half a year because of bad weather and expired (过期的) travel documents (证件).和文章第五段She also faced storms, wildfires, typhoons and broken parts of her aircraft.可推知，她在破纪录的旅行中面临很多挑战，故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Rutherford hopes her flight will encourage more girls to choose careers (职业) in aviation (航空业). "If you don't try and see how high you can fly, then you'll never know," Rutherford told the news reporter.可推知，每个人都应该为自己的梦想尝试一下，故选C。
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．D
24．C
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文主要介绍了贝弗利 克利里的事迹。她是世界上最受欢迎的儿童作家之一，通过展示普通孩子的故事也可以很有趣，改变了儿童图书的世界。
【点评】 考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词句猜测题。细节题可以从文中找到依据，词句猜测题需要根据上下句推断选项意思。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段 When she grew up，Cleary became a librarian. 长大后，克利里成为了一名图书管理员。可知，克利里长大后在图书馆工作。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 Unlike many other children's authors，Cleary liked to focus on real﹣life problems. 与许多其他儿童作家不同，克利里喜欢关注现实生活中的问题。可知，克利里的特别之处在于她写一些关于普通孩子的有趣故事，故选C。
23．本题题干缺失，无法解析， Huggins is just an ordinary third﹣graderhit. hit前面应该还有内容。
24．细节理解题。根据 根据倒数第二段 Unlike many other children's authors，Cleary liked to focus on real﹣life problems. 与许多其他儿童作家不同，克利里喜欢关注现实生活中的问题。可知， 克利里开始写普通的孩子是因为她知道没有多少儿童作家写的是普通的孩子。故选C。
【答案】25．A
26．B
27．C
28．A
【知识点】人物传记类；社会文化类；记叙文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；细节理解；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊传发吹糖人的过程，并因此技能吸引了许多大学生，他希望自己能将这种传统文化继续传承下去。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
25．细节题。根据 In this special art form, the artist heats the syrup( 糖浆 ) to a certain temperature, pulls off a small amount, makes it into a ball with an open center, presses the open area together and stretches it to form a tube. Then he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes可知，艺术家将糖浆加热到一定的温度，取出少量，使其成为一个中心开放的球，将开放的区域压在一起，拉伸成一个管状，然后他把空气吹进管子里，把它做成不同的形状。所以顺序是 c-a-b-d ，故选A。
26．词义猜测题。根据 Simon, from Australia, was attracted by a sugar Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, in Xiong's stall. Simon couldn't resist trying to make one himself.可知，来自澳大利亚的西蒙被北京 2022 年冬奥会吉祥物 糖冰墩墩 吸引住了，西蒙忍不住想自己做一个。所以 resist 的意思是 抵挡 ，故选B。
27．细节题。根据 We try to combine paper-cutting skills and modern elements( 元素 ) with sugar figurines可知，熊尝试将剪纸技巧和现代元素与糖人相结合，故选C。
28．主旨题。本文主要介绍吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊传发吹糖人的过程，故选A。
【答案】29．A
30．B
31．C
32．A
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了中国传统的民间艺术糖塑的手艺人，熊传发。
【点评】考查阅读理解。在选择答案时，要排除那些与原文不符或无关的干扰选项，尽量选择与原文一致的选项。
29．细节题。根据第三段的In this special art form, the artist heats the syrup(糖浆) to a certain temperature, pulls off a small amount, makes it into a ball with an open center, presses the open area together and stretches it to form a tube. Then he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes.可知在这个特殊的艺术形式中，艺术家将糖浆加热到一定温度，取出少量，把它捏成一个有开口中心的球，然后把开口处压在一起并拉伸成管状。接着，他向管内吹气，使其变成不同的形状，因此正确顺序是c-a-b-d，故选A。
30．词句猜测题。根据第四段的Many people, particularly kids, are attracted by this sugar art. After all, the ancient art is gradually disappearing," Xiong said. Simon, from Australia, was attracted by a sugar Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, in Xiong's stall. Simon couldn't resist trying to make one himself. 可知很多人，尤其是孩子，都被这种糖艺术所吸引。毕竟，这种古老的技艺正在逐渐消失。"来自澳大利亚的 Simon 被熊传发摊位上的糖塑"冰墩墩"吸引住了，……尝试自己做一个，因为会吸引人们，因此是禁不住去尝试，应用stop oneself from，阻止某人做某事，故选B。
31．细节题。根据倒数的二段的We try to combine paper-cutting skills and modern elements(元素) with sugar figurines, making them similar to modern trend(趋势) while keeping a balance between beauty and taste. 可知我们尝试将剪纸技巧和现代元素与糖俑相结合，使它们与现代趋势相似，同时保持美感和品味之间的平衡。故选C。
32．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，主要介绍了中国传统的民间艺术糖塑的手艺人，熊传发，故选A。
【答案】33．B
34．C
35．B
36．B
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了一个叫孟琦的电子音乐家。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
33．词义猜测题。根据第一段Learning to play a musical instrument can be a bit tricky.For one thing，you have to have an instrument first in order to learn it.（学习一种乐器可能有点......。首先，你必须先有一种乐器才能学习它。）结合下文，可推知此处是指学习一种乐器有点难，与"difficult to deal with"同义，故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段I build for myself first，mostly for experimenting with an instrumental idea.（我首先为自己建造，主要是为了试验一个有用的想法。）可知孟琦自己制作乐器是因为他想用他的音乐实验的想法做自己的乐器，故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据第七段 Meng's experience as a musician allows him to create instruments that are still playable and musical. （孟作为一名音乐家的经验让他创造了仍可演奏和悦耳的乐器）以及最后一段 "Playing a lot of instruments can help you both understand and feel the process of playing music，" he said.（"演奏多种乐器可以帮助你理解和感受演奏音乐的过程，"他说。）可推知最后两段主要讲的是成为一名音乐家对他的发明是有帮助的，故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据第六段"First it can be a prototype in software，testing out ideas，as well as getting to know the range of the sound.Then it can be testing of the technical stuff,like the circuits to use.After that there will be selection of electronic parts till everything feels right.Then production can begin，" he said.（首先，它可以是软件的原型，测试想法，以及了解声音的范围。然后可以测试技术方面的东西，比如要使用的电路。在那之后，将有电子部件的选择，直到一切感觉正确。然后就可以开始生产了。"）可知先是使用软件的原型设计，然后了解音域，再测试电路，然后选择电子部件，最后就制作完成了，故选B。
【答案】37．B
38．B
39．A
40．B
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文主要报道了杨金龙多年以来一直在教授、传承陕西快板这种艺术形式，以赞扬传播中国传统艺术工作。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到细节题，推断题 ，段落大意题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，推断题需要联系上下文推断出需要的信息，段落大意题需要通读全段，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段 At 9a.m, he drives to primary schools and middle schools in Xian Shanxi Province , to teach students about Shanxi kuaiban （上午9点，他驱车前往陕西省西安市的小学和中学，向学生们讲授陕西快板。）可知，早上9点，他开车去陕西西安市的中小学，教学生们关于陕西快板的知识。故选 B 。
38．推理判断题。根据第二段 to teach students about Shanxi kuaiban （教学生陕西快板）和 he helps students prepare for competitionsh 学生准备比赛。可推测出，杨金龙是一位老师。故选 B 。
39．段落大意题。根据第六段 The art form can be played by a group of players or only one . With one or two pairs of kuaiban of different sizes in hand the players speak in the local dialect while telling stories , which are usually about heroes .艺术形式可以由一群玩家玩，也可以只有一个人玩。手里拿着一两对不同大小的快板，玩家用当地方言说话，同时讲故事，通常是关于英雄的。）可知，本段主要介绍快板是如何打的，故选 A 。
40．推理判断题。根据第四段 Yang has been teaching young people the art form since 2003 after graduating from the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts in Beijing .（杨自2003年从北京国家戏剧艺术学院毕业后，一直在教年轻人这种艺术形式。）可知，自2003年从北京的中国戏剧艺术学院毕业以来，杨一直在教授年轻人这种艺术形式。由此可以说明杨金龙多年以来一直在教授、传承这种艺术形式，如果我们想像他一样，就要努力工作、坚持艺术。故选 B 。
【答案】41．C
42．B
43．D
44．D
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文是阿尔伯特 爱因斯坦介绍自己的经历，告诉我们兴趣和思考造就伟大的人。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
41．细节理解题。根据"I used to have a hard time at school. Things that were easy for some kids were difficult for me."（我过去在学校过得很艰难。对一些孩子来说容易的事情对我来说很难。）和下文可知，Al在学校过得很艰难，对一些孩子来说很容易的事情对Al来说却很难，没有找到自己感兴趣的事物，直到有一天指南针引起了他的好奇，故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据"Then one day, I saw something that really changed my life...'Why？'"（后来有一天，我看到了真正改变我生活的东西......为什么？）可知，问一个简单的问题"为什么？"改变了阿尔的生活，故选B。
43．代词指代题。根据"Since then, my ideas have been used to look at the world differently.Some say that they changed the way we look at the universe."（从那以后，我的想法就被用来换个角度看世界了。有人说它们改变了我们看待宇宙的方式。）可知，从那时起，阿尔的想法就被用来以不同的方式看待世界，有人说它们改变了我们看待宇宙的方式。此处they指的是"my ideas"，故选D。
44．推理判断题。本文是阿尔伯特 爱因斯坦介绍自己的经历，告诉我们兴趣和思考造就伟大的人。故选D。
1 / 1备战2024年中考英语阅读话题训练一 人与自我 主题18 人物传记
一、阅读理解
（2024·金华模拟） 阅读理解
①There is really no reason for my writing the life of Su Tungpo except that I want to do it. For years, the writing of his biography(传记) has been at the back of my mind, but the regret is never quiet down. Now that I am able to apply myself to this task, I am happy, without any reasons.
②A vivid personality isn't that easy to be understood. One might say that Su Tungpo was an unchangeable optimist(乐观主义者), a friend of the people, a prose master, an original painter, a great calligraphist, an experimenter in wine making, an engineer, a secretary to the emperor, a dissenter in politics, and a poet. And yet that might miss the sum total of why people like Su Tungpo. Su Tungpo's complex personality gives a reason. Always deeply stuck in politics, he was always greater than politics. Without trick and without purpose, he went along singing, composing, and criticizing, to express something he felt in his heart, paying no attention to what might be the results of himself. He wrote just because he enjoyed writing, and today we enjoy his writing just because he wrote so beautifully, generously, and out of the clearness of his heart.
③As I try to find the reasons why for a thousand years in China each generation has a crowd of crazy admirers of this poet, I come to the second reason, which is the same as the first, stated in a different way. Su Tungpo had charm. The chief charm of Su Tungpo was a force of character (that could not be stopped by anyone), a force (that, started at the moment of his birth, had to run its course until death closed his mouth and stopped his laughing chatter). He wielded his pen almost as if it were a toy. He could be curious, or humorous or serious, very serious, and from his pen we hear various human emotions of joy, happiness, worry and love.
④On the whole, we get the impression that he played and sang through life and enjoyed it greatly, and when sadness came and unluckiness fell, he accepted them with a smile. That is the kind of charm which I am trying to describe in my way and which has made him the favorite poet of so many Chinese experts.
1．What does the underlined words "this task" in Paragraph1 refer to
A．read the life of Su Tungpo B．read Su Tungpo's poems
C．write the life of Su Tungpo D．write down Su Tungpo's poems
2．What can we learn from the passage
A．Su Tungpo's works were all full of joy and love.
B．Su Tungpo had a crowd of fans at home and abroad.
C．Su Tungpo was good at many things except making wine.
D．Su Tungpo always expressed himself without caring about the results.
3．What's the meaning of the underlined word wielded in Paragraph3
A．Cut B．bought C．used D．broke
4．What's the structure of the passage (P① = paragraph ①)
A． B．
C． D．
5．Which words can best describe Su Tungpo according to the passage
A．Beautiful and clear. B．Sad and changeable.
C．Serious and unlucky. D．Optimistic and charming.
【答案】1．C
2．D
3．C
4．B
5．D
【知识点】人物传记类；议论文；细节理解；文章结构
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了人们喜欢苏东坡的原因。
【点评】考查阅读理解。对于一些细节题目的考查，往往要到文章原句中去找答案；推测词义的题目，要着重看这个单词前后的句子；对于篇章结构题，首先要通读全文，了解大意，把握文章的脉络，理清段落之间的关系。
1．词义猜测题。根据第一段中For years,the writing of his biography(传记) has been at the back of my mind, but the regret is never quiet down. Now that I am able to apply myself to this task, I am happy, withoutany reasons.可知多年来，我一直在想写他的传记，现在我能够全身心地投入到这项任务中，我很高兴，故此处划线部分指代"写苏东坡的传记"。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中Without trick and without purpose, he went along singing, composing, and criticizing, to express something he felt in his heart, paying no attention to what might be the results of himself.可知他一直在表达他内心的感受，而不关注自己的结果。故选D。
3．词义猜测题。根据第三段中He wielded his pen almost as if it were a toy.可知他挥舞着他的笔，几乎就像是玩具一样，故此处划线部分和used意义相近。故选C。
4．篇章结构题。第一段引出作者对苏东坡的喜爱；第二和第三段介绍了人们喜欢苏东坡的原因；第四段进行了总结，总—分—总。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中One might say that Su Tungpo was an unchangeable optimist…以及第三段中Su Tungpo had charm.可知苏东坡是乐观、有魅力的。故选D。
（2024·普陀模拟） Choose the best answer(根据文章内容，选择最恰当的答案)
THE RACING DRIVER
British driver Mike Newman enjoys breaking speed records. In 2013, he broke two-the land speed and the water speed records. This achievement is more amazing because Mike cannot see. He was born with a serious eye disease and became blind at eight.
For many years, Mike did not think it was possible to take part in motor sports. But at the age of forty, he began to ride motorbikes and then he tried cars. "I love the engines, the smells, the noises which come with it, "he says.
When he isn't breaking records, Mike runs a charity called Speed of Sight. The charity helps other blind people to take part in motor sports.
THE CYCLIST
In 2000, at the age of fifteen. Chris Brown had a serious car accident. He lost his left leg. For the next few years, he found it very difficult to live with his disability. But in 2008 he saw a man with one leg cycle up a hill. "I can do that, "he thought, and he learned to cycle. It was really difficult. He failed countless times,____but he quickly picked himself up.
In 2009, he began to compete in races for disabled cyclists. His ambition was to compete in the Paralympic Games(残奥会)in 2021 and he worked hard to be in the French team. But then the rules for the competition changed and Chris could not take part because his condition did not match the new rules. So Chris found a new challenge:cycling up mountains. Now he competes in mountain races and cycles around 27, 000 kilometres every year!
THE SKIER
Alana Nichols was a sporty child. She loved ball games. Her ambition was to study sports at university. But then, at the age of seventeen, she broke her back in a serious snowboarding accident. She couldn't walk. For two years, she did not know what to do with her life.
But at the age of nineteen, she discovered a new sport: soft volleyball. She became part of the national team and won a gold medal at the Paralympics.
Alana realized that other sports were possible for her too. She tried surfing and basketball. Then she tried skiing. She worked hard. At the 2010 winter Paralympics, she became the only one to win gold medals at the summer and winter Paralympic Games when she won four medals for skiing. Then, in 2014. she won another prize at the winter games.
6．Mike Newman's problems with his eyes began____.
A．when he was born. B．when he was eight
C．when he was seventeen D．when he was forty
7．Mike Newman did not start driving cars until he was forty because____.
A．it took him many years to get ready for motor sports
B．he did not know about the charity for the blind in motor sports
C．he was not confident enough to take part in motor sports
D．somebody told him it's impossible to take part in motor sports
8．What does the underlined part mean
A．He failed to buy himself a bike, but he kept making money.
B．He tried hard to cycle, but he still needed others to help him up.
C．He fell off his cycle many times, but he still kept trying.
D．He counted the times he fell off from the bike by himself.
9．Chris Brown didn't compete in Paralympic Games because____.
A．he wasn't good enough for the French team
B．he didn't have the right kind of bicycle
C．he preferred to cycle up mountains instead
D．he wasn't allowed to take part by the new rules
10．In which sport has Alana Nichols won her most recent prize
A．Skiing. B．Volleyball. C．Surfing. D．Basketball.
11．What is the best title for the passage
A．Advantages of team sports
B．Brave disabled in sports fields
C．Sports people with their talents
D．Exciting games and their players
【答案】6．A
7．C
8．C
9．D
10．A
11．B
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文介绍三位残障人士，虽然身体上有缺陷，但他们通过努力和坚持，分别在不同的领域取得了卓越的成就，并展示了残障人士同样可以活出精彩人生的精神。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
6．细节题。根据Mike cannot see. He was born with a serious eye disease，可知迈克·纽曼的眼睛问题从他出生时就开始了，故选A。
7．细节题。根据For many years, Mike did not think it was possible to take part in motor sports. But at the age of forty, he began to ride motorbikes and then he tried cars，可知迈克·纽曼直到四十岁才开始驾驶汽车，因为他没有足够的信心参加赛车运动，故选C。
8．句意猜测题。根据He lost his left leg，he thought, and he learned to cycle. It was really difficult. He failed countless times他想，然后他学会了骑自行车。真的很难。他失败了无数次，but he quickly picked himself up但他很快就振作起来，失去一条腿的人是很难保持平衡的。可知画线部分的意思是他多次从自行车上摔下来，但他仍然继续努力，故选C。
9．细节题。根据But then the rules for the competition changed and Chris could not take part because his condition did not match the new rules，可知克里斯·布朗没有参加残奥会，因为新规则不允许他参加，故选D。
10．推断题。根据in 2014. she won another prize at the winter games，可知阿兰娜·尼科尔斯最近在滑雪运动中获奖，故选A。
11．主旨题。本文介绍三位残障人士，虽然身体上有缺陷，但他们通过努力和坚持，分别在不同的领域取得了卓越的成就，并展示了残障人士同样可以活出精彩人生的精神，可知运动场上勇敢的残疾人是最佳标题，故选B。
（2023·坪山模拟） 阅读理解
Before she appeared on the show Britain's Got Talent, Susan Boyle was just an ordinary middle-aged British woman. Now all this is going to change.
She lives in a house with her cat Pebbles in a small Scottish town. Because of learning difficulties, she doesn't have much education. But she has a very good voice. As a kid, she sang in church and choirs and school plays. For a living, she sang at local pubs.
When she took the stage on April 10th her hair was untidy and her clothes seemed just one step up from old clothes. The audience laughed at her.
But then she opened her mouth. The laughing audience went silent. A beautiful voice was singing I Dreamed a Dream. Everyone was amazed. At the end of her song, the audience jumped to their feet and clapped hands wildly.
Almost overnight, Susan became a well-known name. She won millions of fans. Her online videos have over 85.2 million hits.
Susan's story proved the truth of an old saying: "Never judge the book by its cover." Susan may look ordinary, and doesn't have much dress sense, but she can certainly sing.
Susan's fans admire her courage, as much as they do to her voice. She has experienced many disappointments, but her love for music has kept her going, which is worth anyone's respect.
12．What was Susan before the talent show
A．A famous singer. B．An ordinary woman.
C．A cat raiser. D．A daydreamer.
13．Why did the audience jump and feel wild after Susan's performance
A．To laugh at her old and untidy clothes.
B．To show respect to an amazing singer.
C．To welcome a well-known singer.
D．To show great love to the talent show.
14．Which of the following means the same as "judge the book by its cover"
A．表里不一 B．以貌取人 C．浪得虚名 D．以假乱真
15．What can be the best reason for Susan's success
A．She is brave enough to show her talents.
B．She wore strange clothes in the show.
C．She has a good voice and loves music.
D．She has experienced disappointments.
【答案】12．B
13．B
14．B
15．C
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了苏珊·波尔通过自己的歌声在《英国达人》中一举成名的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。在开始阅读文章之前，先看一遍题目，了解文章的主题和问题，有目的地阅读文章，可以提高阅读效率。
12．细节题。根据第一段的Before she appeared on the show Britain's Got Talent, Susan Boyle was just an ordinary middle-aged British woman. 可知在参加《英国达人》节目之前，苏珊·波尔只是一个普通的英国中年妇女，故选B。
13．推断题。根据第四段的A beautiful voice was singing I Dreamed a Dream. Everyone was amazed. At the end of her song, the audience jumped to their feet and clapped hands wildly.可知一个美丽的嗓音唱起了《我梦想的一个梦》。每个人都感到惊讶。当她唱完歌，观众们跳起来，拼命地鼓掌。可只是为了表现对这位令人惊讶的歌手的尊敬，故选B。
14．词义猜测题。根据第六段的Susan may look ordinary, and doesn't have much dress sense, but she can certainly sing.可知苏珊可能看起来很普通，穿着品味也不怎么样，但她确实能唱歌。因此是指不要以貌取人，故选B。
15．推断题。根据最后一段的Susan's fans admire her courage, as much as they do to her voice. She has experienced many disappointments, but her love for music has kept her going, which is worth anyone's respect.可知苏珊的粉丝们敬佩她的勇气，以及她的歌声。她经历了很多失望，但她对音乐的爱让她坚持下去，这是值得大家尊敬的。因此她成功的原因应该是她的嗓音以及对音乐的热爱，故选C。
（2023·青岛模拟）阅读理解
Six months, five continents (大洲), forty-one countries, fifty-two thousand kilometers. At 19, Zara Rutherford has broken two Guinness World Records. She became the youngest female (女性) to fly alone around the world and the first woman to do so in a microlight aircraft (超轻型飞机).
The Belgian-British teenager landed in Belgium on Jan 20. "It's just really crazy," she told the news reporter.
With two pilot parents, Rutherford started learning to fly at 14 and got her first license in 2020. To realize her dream of flying around the world alone, she sold her car to pay for the trip. She also found some sponsors (赞助者). One of them is Shark Aero. The company provided her with a two-seat microlight.
In August 2021, when everything was ready, Rutherford set off. She planned to finish her trip in three months. Instead, it took nearly half a year because of bad weather and expired (过期的) travel documents (证件).
The most difficult part of the trip was flying over Russia's Siberia (西伯利亚) region. "It was -35℃ on the ground and -20℃ in the air. . . If the engines were to stop, I'd be hours away from rescue (救援) and I don't know how long I could have lived," Rutherford said. She also faced storms, wildfires, typhoons and broken parts of her aircraft.
Rutherford hopes her flight will encourage more girls to choose careers (职业) in aviation (航空业). "If you don't try and see how high you can fly, then you'll never know," Rutherford told the news reporter.
16．Rutherford set a record for being the youngest woman to ____.
A．fly a microlight aircraft
B．travel around the world in six months
C．fly the longest time in the air
D．fly alone around the world
17．How did Rutherford get her aircraft
A．She sold her car to buy it
B．She got it from one of her sponsors.
C．Her parents gave it to her as a present.
D．She bought it with her sponsors' money.
18．When did Rutherford start learning to fly
A．In 2017. B．In 2019. C．In 2020. D．In 2021.
19．What do we know about Rutherford's record-breaking trip
A．She faced many challenges.
B．It went just as she planned.
C．Her engine stopped in Siberia
D．She helped to put out wildfires.
20．What can we infer (推测) from the last paragraph
A．Everyone should try flying.
B．More girls are interested in aviation.
C．Everyone should take a chance at their dream
D．Taking up challenges means facing risks.
【答案】16．D
17．B
18．A
19．A
20．C
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了Zara Rutherford 独自开飞机游览世界的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
16．细节理解题。根据文章第一段She became the youngest female (女性) to fly alone around the world and the first woman to do so in a microlight aircraft (超轻型飞机).可知，Rutherford创造了一项记录，创造了一项记录，成为最年轻的独自环球飞行的女性，故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据文章第三段To realize her dream of flying around the world alone, she sold her car to pay for the trip. She also found some sponsors (赞助者). One of them is Shark Aero. The company provided her with a two-seat microlight.可知，Rutherford的飞机是一个赞助者送的，故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据文章第一段At 19, Zara Rutherford has broken two Guinness World Records.和文章第三段With two pilot parents, Rutherford started learning to fly at 14 and got her first license in 2020.可知，她现在19岁，14岁的时候开始飞行，因此她在2017年开始学习飞行，故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据文章第四段Instead, it took nearly half a year because of bad weather and expired (过期的) travel documents (证件).和文章第五段She also faced storms, wildfires, typhoons and broken parts of her aircraft.可推知，她在破纪录的旅行中面临很多挑战，故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Rutherford hopes her flight will encourage more girls to choose careers (职业) in aviation (航空业). "If you don't try and see how high you can fly, then you'll never know," Rutherford told the news reporter.可推知，每个人都应该为自己的梦想尝试一下，故选C。
（2023·海珠模拟）阅读理解
You might not be familiar with the name Beverly Cleary，but perhaps you have read one of her books——Ramona the Pest，Dear Mr Henshaw，too，she changed the world of children's books.
As a child, Cleary had trouble learning to read. Even after she had learned to love reading，she still found many books boring. The girl felt like the people she was reading about had little to do with her or her life. She wanted to read funny books about children like herself.
When she grew up, Cleary became a librarian. One day，some boys learned across the counter and asked her, Henry Huggins, tells the story of a boy and the stray dog that he takes in. Huggins is just an ordinary third﹣graderhit.
Cleary went on to write more books about Huggins and the other children in his neighborhood. From this neighborhood, "Ramona the Pest" became Cleary's best﹣known character. Ramona is curious and stubborn. She is always getting into trouble. Whenever Ramona gets into trouble, it's often funny
Unlike many other children's authors, Cleary liked to focus on real-life problems. In several of her books, the parents have money problems or are unhappy with their jobs. Cleary dealt with these situations with a gentle sense of humour and a deep understanding.
Cleary created over 40 books in all. More than 91 million copies of her books have been sold. The great author died at the age of 104 on March 25. Although she is no longer with us，her characters and stories will continue to be loved by many for years to come.
21．According to the article，what do we know about Cleary
A．She's good at reading and writing as a child.
B．She worked in a library when she grew up.
C．She was also called Ramona by many kids.
D．She wrote more than fifty books in her life.
22．Compared to many other children's authors，what is special about Cleary
A．She is the world's most﹣beloved children's author.
B．She did not like to write about real﹣life problems.
C．She wrote interesting stories about ordinary kids.
D．She sold more than 91 million copies of her books.
23．Which of the following can replace the underlined word "hit" in Paragraph 3
A．Trouble. B．Problem. C．Fun. D．Success.
24．Why did Cleary start to write about ordinary children
A．Because she always wanted to read funny books about children like herself.
B．Because she was sure that the book she's going to write would become a hit.
C．Because she knew not many children's authors wrote about ordinary children.
D．Because she wanted to focus on some real﹣life problems in that kind of books.
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．D
24．C
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文主要介绍了贝弗利 克利里的事迹。她是世界上最受欢迎的儿童作家之一，通过展示普通孩子的故事也可以很有趣，改变了儿童图书的世界。
【点评】 考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词句猜测题。细节题可以从文中找到依据，词句猜测题需要根据上下句推断选项意思。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段 When she grew up，Cleary became a librarian. 长大后，克利里成为了一名图书管理员。可知，克利里长大后在图书馆工作。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 Unlike many other children's authors，Cleary liked to focus on real﹣life problems. 与许多其他儿童作家不同，克利里喜欢关注现实生活中的问题。可知，克利里的特别之处在于她写一些关于普通孩子的有趣故事，故选C。
23．本题题干缺失，无法解析， Huggins is just an ordinary third﹣graderhit. hit前面应该还有内容。
24．细节理解题。根据 根据倒数第二段 Unlike many other children's authors，Cleary liked to focus on real﹣life problems. 与许多其他儿童作家不同，克利里喜欢关注现实生活中的问题。可知， 克利里开始写普通的孩子是因为她知道没有多少儿童作家写的是普通的孩子。故选C。
（2022·南通） 阅读理解
As Xiong Chuanfa, 34, blew a lifelike puppy out of molten maltose(溶化的麦芽糖) in just minutes, kids looked carefully at him with great surprise, thinking he was a magician.
Xiong Chuanfa has been working on blowing sugar figurines, a Chinese traditional folk art with a history of over 600 years, for more than twenty years.
In this special art form, the artist heats the syrup(糖浆) to a certain temperature, pulls off a small amount, makes it into a ball with an open center, presses the open area together and stretches it to form a tube. Then he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes. The traditional folk art has been listed as a state-level intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产).
Every morning, Xiong prepares the molten syrup and drives to start his "magic show" around his city. "Many people, particularly kids, are attracted by this sugar art. After all, the ancient art is gradually disappearing," Xiong said. Simon, from Australia, was attracted by a sugar Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, in Xiong's stall. Simon couldn't resist trying to make one himself. However, he couldn't get the wanted shape though he tried several times. "It looks simple, but actually it's very difficult to master the skill," he said. Thanks to Xiong's helping hand, Siunon finally saw a horse gradually taking shape. "Can't believe I've done this," he said, expressing his excitement at how a pot of sugar syrup has been turned into something "truly amazing".
Xiong said that blowing sugar figurines can date back to the Ming Dynasty and that his family has passed down this art for four generations. "My 6-year-old son often blows up a balloon-like sugar figure, just like I used to do as a child," he said. Xiong's wife Wang Li is an artist of the sugar painting, which is a form of traditional Chinese folk art that uses hot, liquid sugar to make 2-D objects.
"None of the cultural heritage left by our ancestors should be lost. They are name cards of the splendid Chinese culture and should be spread around the world," Xiong said. The couple often show their skills beside colleges to draw youngsters closer to the traditional art and allow them to experience its charm. "Sugar paintings and sugar figurines are childhood memories of several generations of Chinese people. We try to combine paper-cutting skills and modern elements(元素) with sugar figurines, making them similar to modern trend(趋势) while keeping a balance between beauty and taste. We will spend the rest of our lives helping pass on this intangible heritage," Xiong said.
Many people were deeply moved after learning about the family's story.
25．What is the correct order of making sugar figurines
a. Making it into a sugar ball. b. Stretching it to make a tube.
c. Pulling off some heated syrup. d. Blowing air to make wanted shapes.
A．c-a-b-d B．c-b-a-d C．b-a-c-d D．b-c-a-d
26．The underlined word "resist" in Paragraph 4 probably means "____".
A．be praised by B．stop oneself from
C．be attracted by D．remind oneself of
27．Which of the following is true according to the article
A．Xiong's son blows up a horse with his father's help.
B．Xiong's wife is also good at making sugar figurines.
C．Xiong tries to add modern elements to sugar figurines.
D．The Xiongs visit colleges to teach students their skills.
28．What's the best title of the passage
A．A Chinese artist on tasty folk art
B．A new modern trend
C．A balance between beauty and taste
D．Tasty sugar figurines
【答案】25．A
26．B
27．C
28．A
【知识点】人物传记类；社会文化类；记叙文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；细节理解；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊传发吹糖人的过程，并因此技能吸引了许多大学生，他希望自己能将这种传统文化继续传承下去。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
25．细节题。根据 In this special art form, the artist heats the syrup( 糖浆 ) to a certain temperature, pulls off a small amount, makes it into a ball with an open center, presses the open area together and stretches it to form a tube. Then he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes可知，艺术家将糖浆加热到一定的温度，取出少量，使其成为一个中心开放的球，将开放的区域压在一起，拉伸成一个管状，然后他把空气吹进管子里，把它做成不同的形状。所以顺序是 c-a-b-d ，故选A。
26．词义猜测题。根据 Simon, from Australia, was attracted by a sugar Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, in Xiong's stall. Simon couldn't resist trying to make one himself.可知，来自澳大利亚的西蒙被北京 2022 年冬奥会吉祥物 糖冰墩墩 吸引住了，西蒙忍不住想自己做一个。所以 resist 的意思是 抵挡 ，故选B。
27．细节题。根据 We try to combine paper-cutting skills and modern elements( 元素 ) with sugar figurines可知，熊尝试将剪纸技巧和现代元素与糖人相结合，故选C。
28．主旨题。本文主要介绍吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊传发吹糖人的过程，故选A。
（2022·南通） 阅读理解
As Xiong Chuanfa, 34, blew a lifelike puppy out of molten maltose(溶化的麦芽糖) in just minutes, kids looked carefully at him with great surprise, thinking he was a magician.
Xiong Chuanfa has been working on blowing sugar figurines, a Chinese traditional folk art with a history of over 600 years, for more than twenty years.
In this special art form, the artist heats the syrup(糖浆) to a certain temperature, pulls off a small amount, makes it into a ball with an open center, presses the open area together and stretches it to form a tube. Then he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes. The traditional folk art has been listed as a state-level intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产).
Every morning, Xiong prepares the molten syrup and drives to start his "magic show" around his city. "Many people, particularly kids, are attracted by this sugar art. After all, the ancient art is gradually disappearing," Xiong said. Simon, from Australia, was attracted by a sugar Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, in Xiong's stall. Simon couldn't resist trying to make one himself. However, he couldn't get the wanted shape though he tried several times. "It looks simple, but actually it's very difficult to master the skill," he said. Thanks to Xiong's helping hand, Siunon finally saw a horse gradually taking shape. "Can't believe I've done this," he said, expressing his excitement at how a pot of sugar syrup has been turned into something "truly amazing".
Xiong said that blowing sugar figurines can date back to the Ming Dynasty and that his family has passed down this art for four generations. "My 6-year-old son often blows up a balloon-like sugar figure, just like I used to do as a child," he said. Xiong's wife Wang Li is an artist of the sugar painting, which is a form of traditional Chinese folk art that uses hot, liquid sugar to make 2-D objects.
"None of the cultural heritage left by our ancestors should be lost. They are name cards of the splendid Chinese culture and should be spread around the world," Xiong said. The couple often show their skills beside colleges to draw youngsters closer to the traditional art and allow them to experience its charm. "Sugar paintings and sugar figurines are childhood memories of several generations of Chinese people. We try to combine paper-cutting skills and modern elements(元素) with sugar figurines, making them similar to modern trend(趋势) while keeping a balance between beauty and taste. We will spend the rest of our lives helping pass on this intangible heritage," Xiong said.
Many people were deeply moved after learning about the family's story.
29．What is the correct order of making sugar figurines
a Making it into a sugar ball. b. Stretching it to make a tube.
c. Pulling off some heated syrup. d. Blowing air to make wanted shapes.
A．c-a-b-d B．c-b-a-d C．b-a-c-d D．b-c-a-d
30．The underlined word "resist" in Paragraph 4 probably means "____".
A．be praised by B．stop oneself from
C．be attracted by D．remind oneself of
31．Which of the following is true according to the article
A．Xiong's son blows up a horse with his father's help.
B．Xiong's wife is also good at making sugar figurines.
C．Xiong tries to add modern elements to sugar figurines.
D．The Xiongs visit colleges to teach students their skills.
32．What's the best title of the passage
A．A Chinese artist on tasty folk art
B．A new modern trend
C．A balance between beauty and taste
D．Tasty sugar figurines
【答案】29．A
30．B
31．C
32．A
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了中国传统的民间艺术糖塑的手艺人，熊传发。
【点评】考查阅读理解。在选择答案时，要排除那些与原文不符或无关的干扰选项，尽量选择与原文一致的选项。
29．细节题。根据第三段的In this special art form, the artist heats the syrup(糖浆) to a certain temperature, pulls off a small amount, makes it into a ball with an open center, presses the open area together and stretches it to form a tube. Then he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes.可知在这个特殊的艺术形式中，艺术家将糖浆加热到一定温度，取出少量，把它捏成一个有开口中心的球，然后把开口处压在一起并拉伸成管状。接着，他向管内吹气，使其变成不同的形状，因此正确顺序是c-a-b-d，故选A。
30．词句猜测题。根据第四段的Many people, particularly kids, are attracted by this sugar art. After all, the ancient art is gradually disappearing," Xiong said. Simon, from Australia, was attracted by a sugar Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, in Xiong's stall. Simon couldn't resist trying to make one himself. 可知很多人，尤其是孩子，都被这种糖艺术所吸引。毕竟，这种古老的技艺正在逐渐消失。"来自澳大利亚的 Simon 被熊传发摊位上的糖塑"冰墩墩"吸引住了，……尝试自己做一个，因为会吸引人们，因此是禁不住去尝试，应用stop oneself from，阻止某人做某事，故选B。
31．细节题。根据倒数的二段的We try to combine paper-cutting skills and modern elements(元素) with sugar figurines, making them similar to modern trend(趋势) while keeping a balance between beauty and taste. 可知我们尝试将剪纸技巧和现代元素与糖俑相结合，使它们与现代趋势相似，同时保持美感和品味之间的平衡。故选C。
32．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，主要介绍了中国传统的民间艺术糖塑的手艺人，熊传发，故选A。
（2023·越秀模拟） 阅读理解
Learning to play a musical instrument can be a bit tricky. For one thing, you have to have an instrument first in order to learn it. It can be a bit expensive. Besides, what if you find out that you don't really like the instrument after you start learning it
Meng Qi, a 35-year-old Beijinger, is an electronic musician. He wasn't satisfied with the instruments that he saw on the market. His interest in musical experiments led him to design and build his own electronic instruments.
His most well-known instrument is perhaps the Wing Pinger. It uses melody and noise to create special sounds that can't be made with regular instruments.
"I build for myself first, mostly for experimenting with an instrumental idea. Then when I get bored with the instrument, I might sell it," he said. He added that his creations are not just musical instruments, but also represent his way of life and his idea of beauty.
Meng starts building his instruments on a computer. He uses Arduino, a software for electronic prototyping (原型设计), to design his creations. They look very different from regular musical instruments. They're made out of electronic parts that are connected together—kind of like how a computer is built.
"First it can be a prototype in software, testing out ideas, as well as getting to know the range of the sound. Then it can be testing of the technical stuff, like the circuits to use. After that there will be selection of electronic parts till everything feels right. Then production can begin," he said.
However, it takes more than technical knowledge to design an electronic instrument. Meng's experience as a musician allows him to create instruments that are still playable and musical.
"Playing a lot of instruments can help you both understand and feel the process of playing music," he said.
33．What does the underlined word tricky in the first paragraph probably mean
A．too expensive to afford B．difficult to deal with
C．too heavy to carry with D．impossible to learn
34．Why does Meng build his own instruments
A．Because regular instruments are too expensive.
B．Because he wants to make something he could sell.
C．Because he wants to do experiments with his musical ideas.
D．Because he wants to learn how to play a musical instrument.
35．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about
A．Technical knowledge is necessary in his designing.
B．Being a musician is helpful to his inventions.
C．It is important to play a musical instrument.
D．How difficult it is to make a musical instrument.
36．Which is the correct order of the following according to the passage
a. Test the circuits in software.
b. Use Arduino to design a prototype.
c. Select the proper electronic parts.
d. The musical instrument is made.
e. Get to know the range of the sound.
A．b-c-d-a-e B．b-e-a-c-d C．d-e-c-a-b D．d-c-a-b-e
【答案】33．B
34．C
35．B
36．B
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了一个叫孟琦的电子音乐家。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
33．词义猜测题。根据第一段Learning to play a musical instrument can be a bit tricky.For one thing，you have to have an instrument first in order to learn it.（学习一种乐器可能有点......。首先，你必须先有一种乐器才能学习它。）结合下文，可推知此处是指学习一种乐器有点难，与"difficult to deal with"同义，故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段I build for myself first，mostly for experimenting with an instrumental idea.（我首先为自己建造，主要是为了试验一个有用的想法。）可知孟琦自己制作乐器是因为他想用他的音乐实验的想法做自己的乐器，故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据第七段 Meng's experience as a musician allows him to create instruments that are still playable and musical. （孟作为一名音乐家的经验让他创造了仍可演奏和悦耳的乐器）以及最后一段 "Playing a lot of instruments can help you both understand and feel the process of playing music，" he said.（"演奏多种乐器可以帮助你理解和感受演奏音乐的过程，"他说。）可推知最后两段主要讲的是成为一名音乐家对他的发明是有帮助的，故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据第六段"First it can be a prototype in software，testing out ideas，as well as getting to know the range of the sound.Then it can be testing of the technical stuff,like the circuits to use.After that there will be selection of electronic parts till everything feels right.Then production can begin，" he said.（首先，它可以是软件的原型，测试想法，以及了解声音的范围。然后可以测试技术方面的东西，比如要使用的电路。在那之后，将有电子部件的选择，直到一切感觉正确。然后就可以开始生产了。"）可知先是使用软件的原型设计，然后了解音域，再测试电路，然后选择电子部件，最后就制作完成了，故选B。
（2023·花都模拟） 阅读判断
This is an ordinary day for Yang Jinlong.
At 9 a. m，he drives to primary schools and middle schools in Xian Shanxi Province，to teach students about Shanxi kuaiban. It is a traditional Chinese form of storytelling to the rhythm of bamboo clappers（响板）which the art form is named after. Sometimes，he helps students prepare for competitions. Usually his classes run until about 6 p. m. and then he returns home to prepare classes for the next day.
On June 10 the Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced 325 national intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）items in Beijing increasing the list to 1，557 items. Shanxi kuaiban，which appeared during the late Qing Dynasty，has been included. It has been introduced to local schools as part of their art education.
Yang has been teaching young people the art form since 2003 after graduating from the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts in Beijing. He studied quyi there. Quyi is a general term for Chinese folk art forms including storytelling crosstalk and clapper talk.
"Art education is important for students in China. Just as many students learn to play western musical instruments like the piano and violin there are many people learning traditional Chinese folk arts，including Shanxi kuaiban，which I'll work for my whole life，"he said.
Kuaiban is popular in northern China，including Beijing and Tianjin. According to Yang，Shanxi kuaiban was influenced by the art of different areas. The art form can be played by a group of players or only one. With one or two pairs of kuaiban of different sizes in hand the players speak in the local dialect（方言）while telling stories，which are usually about heroes. The player tells stories while playing kuaiban and it's easy for the watchers to remember the stories since all the lines have rhymes.
Thanks to artists like Yang，this traditional Chinese form of storytelling is passed on and stays alive in our country.
37．What does Yang usually do during school time according to paragraph 2
A．He prepares lessons for teachers.
B．He goes to schools and gives lessons.
C．He sends the bamboo clappers to students.
D．He has a good time on Kuaiban by himself.
38．What is probably Yang Jinlong's job according to the passage
A．An officer. B．A teacher. C．A singer. D．An actor.
39．he main idea of paragraph 6 is ____.
A．how kuaiban is played B．where kuaiban is played
C．why kuaiban was invented D．when kuaiban was invented
40．According to the passage，if you want to be an artist like Yang，you should ____.
A．help primary students learn art
B．work with effort and stick with the art
C．communicate with other artists patiently
D．be active to play western musical instruments
【答案】37．B
38．B
39．A
40．B
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文主要报道了杨金龙多年以来一直在教授、传承陕西快板这种艺术形式，以赞扬传播中国传统艺术工作。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到细节题，推断题 ，段落大意题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，推断题需要联系上下文推断出需要的信息，段落大意题需要通读全段，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段 At 9a.m, he drives to primary schools and middle schools in Xian Shanxi Province , to teach students about Shanxi kuaiban （上午9点，他驱车前往陕西省西安市的小学和中学，向学生们讲授陕西快板。）可知，早上9点，他开车去陕西西安市的中小学，教学生们关于陕西快板的知识。故选 B 。
38．推理判断题。根据第二段 to teach students about Shanxi kuaiban （教学生陕西快板）和 he helps students prepare for competitionsh 学生准备比赛。可推测出，杨金龙是一位老师。故选 B 。
39．段落大意题。根据第六段 The art form can be played by a group of players or only one . With one or two pairs of kuaiban of different sizes in hand the players speak in the local dialect while telling stories , which are usually about heroes .艺术形式可以由一群玩家玩，也可以只有一个人玩。手里拿着一两对不同大小的快板，玩家用当地方言说话，同时讲故事，通常是关于英雄的。）可知，本段主要介绍快板是如何打的，故选 A 。
40．推理判断题。根据第四段 Yang has been teaching young people the art form since 2003 after graduating from the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts in Beijing .（杨自2003年从北京国家戏剧艺术学院毕业后，一直在教年轻人这种艺术形式。）可知，自2003年从北京的中国戏剧艺术学院毕业以来，杨一直在教授年轻人这种艺术形式。由此可以说明杨金龙多年以来一直在教授、传承这种艺术形式，如果我们想像他一样，就要努力工作、坚持艺术。故选 B 。
（2022·鄂尔多斯）阅读理解
My name is Al. When I was a young boy, I didn't fit in with the other kids. I felt different.
Some kids made fun of me.
I used to have a hard time at school. Things that were easy for some kids were difficult for me. My mind wandered, and I couldn't pay attention to what the teacher said. In fact, some teachers thought I might never graduate(毕业).
While other kids lived for gym class, I hated it. I didn't see the point in the games the kids played.
Then one day, I saw something that really changed my life. I was looking at a compass (指南针) and thought, "Why does that little needle (针) always know where north is " It may seem silly now, but at that time, it made me take a second look at this thing I had seen many times before. I asked the simple question, "Why "
I started to read about it and in doing so, I found that physics was really interesting to me. I started borrowing books from school and learning the math behind common things of everyday life.
I started catching up with my classmates. Soon, I was beyond them. By the end of high school, I was far ahead of my teachers.
I got a job at an office. In my spare time, I worked on my ideas. I sent these ideas to a university. The university told me that I had come up with something very important.
Since then, my ideas have been used to look at the world differently. Some say that they changed the way we look at the universe.
It all started that day when I looked at something I had seen many times and asked the question, "Why "
You may know me. My name is Al… Albert Einstein.
41．Why did Al have a hard time when he was young
A．He spent too much time playing with other kids.
B．He was one of the most difficult students in his class.
C．He didn't find anything he was really interested in.
D．He failed to graduate from the school.
42．What helped Al out of the hard situation
A．The encouragement from his classmates and teachers.
B．The fact of asking the simple question, "Why "
C．The experience of having a gym class.
D．The strong will of entering a famous university.
43．What does "they" refer to in Paragraph 8
A．The questions. B．The games.
C．Some books. D．Al's ideas.
44．What can we mainly learn from Al's story
A．No pain, no gain.
B．Every dog has its day.
C．Where there is a will, there is a way.
D．Interest and thinking make great minds.
【答案】41．C
42．B
43．D
44．D
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文是阿尔伯特 爱因斯坦介绍自己的经历，告诉我们兴趣和思考造就伟大的人。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
41．细节理解题。根据"I used to have a hard time at school. Things that were easy for some kids were difficult for me."（我过去在学校过得很艰难。对一些孩子来说容易的事情对我来说很难。）和下文可知，Al在学校过得很艰难，对一些孩子来说很容易的事情对Al来说却很难，没有找到自己感兴趣的事物，直到有一天指南针引起了他的好奇，故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据"Then one day, I saw something that really changed my life...'Why？'"（后来有一天，我看到了真正改变我生活的东西......为什么？）可知，问一个简单的问题"为什么？"改变了阿尔的生活，故选B。
43．代词指代题。根据"Since then, my ideas have been used to look at the world differently.Some say that they changed the way we look at the universe."（从那以后，我的想法就被用来换个角度看世界了。有人说它们改变了我们看待宇宙的方式。）可知，从那时起，阿尔的想法就被用来以不同的方式看待世界，有人说它们改变了我们看待宇宙的方式。此处they指的是"my ideas"，故选D。
44．推理判断题。本文是阿尔伯特 爱因斯坦介绍自己的经历，告诉我们兴趣和思考造就伟大的人。故选D。
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