专题08 连词(原卷版)
聚焦考点☆温习理解
一、连词的基本概念
连词是一种虚词,在句中的作用是把词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子连接起来。它不能在句中单独作句子成分,也没有句子重音。21教育名师原创作品
连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词两种。并列连词连接彼此并列关系的词,从属连词是用来引导从句的词。
二、并列连词的用法
并列连词用于连接具有并列关系的词、短语或分句,表示联合、转折、因果和选择等关系。
1.表示联合关系,联合的双方是对等的,意义上趋向一致。常用连词有:and和(常用于肯定句),又,而且;not only…but also不但…而且; both…and既…又;neither…nor既不…也不。21·cn·jy·com
You and I like English very much。你和我非常喜欢英语。
He can not only read but also write。
Both he and she know me。他和她都知道我。
Neither Tom nor I went there。我和汤姆都没有去那里。
注意: not only ... but (also) .表示“不但……而且……”;neither ... nor表示“既不……不……”。当他们连接两个对等成分在句中作主语时,谓语动词的数要遵循“就近原则”即谓语动词应与最近的主语在数上保持一致。连接两个句子时,neither,not only后面的句子要用倒装句。如Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more fluently too. 他不仅讲得更准确,而且也更流利。both…and连接两个对等成分在句中作主语时,谓语动词一定用复数形式。www.21-cn-jy.com
2.表示转折关系的连词连接的双方构成对比,意义上有转折。常用有:but但是; however然而。
He is very poor,but he is very happy。他虽然贫穷却很快乐。
I’m not interested in music,however,I have to play the piano。尽管我对音乐不感兴趣,然而我仍不得不去弹钢琴。
注意:but 意为“但是”,一般不和though或although同时使用。
3.表示因果关系的连词,连接的双方,互为因果,或者前因后果,或者前果后因。常用的连词有: for因为;so所以;therefore因此。
It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet。昨夜一定下雨啦,因为地上是湿的。
He is clever and works hard,so he always studies best in his class。他很聪明而且用功,所以在班上学得最好。
You are in the right, therefore they should support you. 你是对的,因此他们应该支持你。
注意:so意为“因此,所以”,一般不和because 同时使用。for意为“因为”,表示补充说明。
4.表示选择关系的连词连接的双方只取其一。常用有:or和(常用于否定句),或者,否则;either…or不是…就是。2·1·c·n·j·y
She doesn’t like vegetables or fruit。她不喜欢蔬菜和水果。
Either you or I am wrong。不是你错了,就是我错了。
注意:either ... or ...表示“或者……或者……”,即“非此即彼”,当连接两个对等成分在句中作主语时,谓语动词的数要遵循“就近原则”。2-1-c-n-j-y
三、从属连词的用法
从属连词用来连接各种从句。
1. 引导宾语从句的连词有:that; if是否; whether是否等。
2. 引导状语从句的连词有:
(1)表示时间:when当…的时候; while在…同时; as正当……的时候,随着;before在…以前; after在…之后; until直到; as soon as一……就……等。【出处:21教育名师】
When he came back, I was doing some washing.当他回来的时候,我在洗衣服。
My mom is cooking while my dad is reading a newspaper.妈妈在做饭而爸爸在读报。
Things are getting better and better as time goes on.随着时间的推移。情况越来越好。
I had finished my homework before Mum came back. 妈妈回来之前,我已经完成我的作业了。After I had finished my homework, Mum came back. 我已经完成我的作业之后,妈妈才回来。
She didn’t watch TV until she finished her homework.她直到做完作业才去看电视。
As soon as he finishes his exercise, he runs out of the classroom.他一做完练习就跑出了教室。
(2)表示地点:where等。
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
(3)表示原因:because, as, since等。
I stayed at home because I was ill.因为我生病了,所以我呆在家里。21世纪教育网版权所有
We all like her as she is kind.我们都喜欢她因为她为人善良。
Since he asks you, you’ll tell him why.既然他问你,你就告诉他为什么。
注意: because 引导原因状语从句,不能和并列连词 so一起使用, 只能单独使用。
(4)表示条件:if如果, unless除非等。
If it is fine tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.如果明天天气好,我们就去野餐。
We won’t get there on time unless we leave earlier.除非我们早点出发,否则我们就无法准时赶到那儿。
(5)表示让步:though虽然,尽管;although虽然,尽管等。
Though my car is very old, I don’t want to buy a new one.虽然我的汽车很旧,但我不想买一辆新的。
Although he has a lot of money, he is unhappy.他虽然有很多钱,但并不幸福。21cnjy.com
注意;though (although)引导让步状语从句,不能和并列连词but一起使用, 只能单独使用。
(6)表示目的:so that等。
The little boy saved every coin so that he could buy his mother a present on Mother's day. 小男孩节省每一个硬币以便他可以在母亲节给母亲买一个礼物。【版权所有:21教育】
注意:so that引导目的状语从句时,表示“以便;为了”,从句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情态动词或助动词
(7)表示结果:so ... that ..., so that等。
He worked hard so that he passed the exams. 他努力工作,他通过了考试。【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】
The camera is so expensive that I can't afford it. 照相机太贵了,我买不起。
注意:so that引导结果状语从句时,从句中一般不用can和may等词,在so that前可以用逗号,意思是“因此,所以”。 so+形容词或副词+that ...引导肯定的结果状语从句,意思是“如此??以致于??”。 so ... that ...可以与be ... enough to do转换; so+形容词或副词+that ...引导否定的结果状语从句,意思是“如此……以致于不能……”。可以与too ... to ... 或be not ... enough to do转换。
(8)表示比较:than, as等。
I feel better now than (I was) before. 我现在觉得比以前好了。
He writes as well as you (do). 他写得和你一样好。
名师点睛☆典例分类
类型一、并列连词辨析
【例1】_______ my parents _______ my best friend, Jim, think I can make a good accountant because I’m good at math.
A. Both, and B. Not only, but also C. Neither, nor D. Either, or
【举一反三】
1. Be quick, ___________ we’ll be late for the meeting.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
2. — Would you like this TV set or that one?
— I’m not sure. This one has better sound, _________ the picture is better on the other one.
A. and B. but C. although D. because【来源:21·世纪·教育·网】
3. _________ my parents _______ my sister are doctors.
A. Not only , but also B. Either , or C. Neither ,nor D. Both, and
类型二、从属连词辨析
【例2】The city has improved a lot I came here a few years ago.
A.for B.but C.because D.since
【举一反三】
1. It’s a good habit of doing your homework _________ you come home from school.
A.if B.when C.as soon as D. the same as
2. Liu Xiang trained so hard ______ he hurt his foot.
A.when B.while C.that D. What
3. It is ______ an interesting book ______ I want to read it once more.
A. so, that B. such, that C. /, so that D. /, such that
课时作业☆能力提升
1. Some of us play, some sleep and eat.
A.when B. while C. what D.which
—I can hardly believe my eyes. Is that you, Lucy?
—Yes. It has been almost 20 years ______ we were together.
since B. before C. after D. Until
3. You’ll certainly feel lonely ______ you communicate with your friends sometimes.
A. unless B. though C. if D. when
4. -- she is only 10,she has set up her own website.
--Unbelievable!
A.If B.So C.Because D.Although
5. Nobody has the right to laugh at others _________ he is right.21教育网
until B. because C. though D. If21*cnjy*com
6. I think you won’t pass the coming English exam ______ you work hard from now on.
A. whenever B. although C. if D. unless
7. It’s _______ good weather _______we can go out to enjoy a pleasant picnic.
A. such a;that B. so; that C. so; as D. such; that
8. _______ he got up early this morning, _______ he didn’t catch the early bus.
A. Although, but B. Although, /
C. Although, so D.Though ,but
9. We didn’t believe it ______ we saw it with our own eyes. After all, to see is to believe.
A. if B. because C. unless D. since
10. It was ______ lovely weather _______ we decided to spend the day on the beach.
A.such a ,that B.such, that C.such , as D. so , that www-2-1-cnjy-com
11. Don't?go?to?crowded?places,?_______?you?may?have?the?flu?easily.
A.?and?? B.?but??? C.?or??? D.?so
12. 【2015年广东省初中毕业生学业考试英语试题】 I have only two tickets for TF Boys’ concert. ______ you _____ he can go on with me.
A.Either or B. Neither nor C. Both and D. Not only also
13. 【2015年安徽省初中毕业学业考试英语试题】–What do you think of your Junior Middle School life?
--I think it is colorful, ______ I am always busy.21·世纪*教育网
A. if B. though C. while D. until
14. 【2015年安徽省初中毕业学业考试英语试题】Going to the movies is good, ______ I really only like listening to music. 21*cnjy*com
A. and B. but C. so D. or
15. 【2015年江苏省苏州市中考英语试题】He hasn’t got any hobbies — you call watching TV a hobby.
A. while B. unless C. as D. if
专题08 连词(解析版)
聚焦考点☆温习理解
一、连词的基本概念
连词是一种虚词,在句中的作用是把词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子连接起来。它不能在句中单独作句子成分,也没有句子重音。www.21-cn-jy.com
连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词两种。并列连词连接彼此并列关系的词,从属连词是用来引导从句的词。【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】
二、并列连词的用法
并列连词用于连接具有并列关系的词、短语或分句,表示联合、转折、因果和选择等关系。
1.表示联合关系,联合的双方是对等的,意义上趋向一致。常用连词有:and和(常用于肯定句),又,而且;not only…but also不但…而且; both…and既…又;neither…nor既不…也不。
You and I like English very much。你和我非常喜欢英语。
He can not only read but also write。
Both he and she know me。他和她都知道我。
Neither Tom nor I went there。我和汤姆都没有去那里。
注意: not only ... but (also) .表示“不但……而且……”;neither ... nor表示“既不……不……”。当他们连接两个对等成分在句中作主语时,谓语动词的数要遵循“就近原则”即谓语动词应与最近的主语在数上保持一致。连接两个句子时,neither,not only后面的句子要用倒装句。如Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more fluently too. 他不仅讲得更准确,而且也更流利。both…and连接两个对等成分在句中作主语时,谓语动词一定用复数形式。
2.表示转折关系的连词连接的双方构成对比,意义上有转折。常用有:but但是; however然而。
He is very poor,but he is very happy。他虽然贫穷却很快乐。
I’m not interested in music,however,I have to play the piano。尽管我对音乐不感兴趣,然而我仍不得不去弹钢琴。【出处:21教育名师】
注意:but 意为“但是”,一般不和though或although同时使用。
3.表示因果关系的连词,连接的双方,互为因果,或者前因后果,或者前果后因。常用的连词有: for因为;so所以;therefore因此。
It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet。昨夜一定下雨啦,因为地上是湿的。
He is clever and works hard,so he always studies best in his class。他很聪明而且用功,所以在班上学得最好。
You are in the right, therefore they should support you. 你是对的,因此他们应该支持你。
注意:so意为“因此,所以”,一般不和because 同时使用。for意为“因为”,表示补充说明。
4.表示选择关系的连词连接的双方只取其一。常用有:or和(常用于否定句),或者,否则;either…or不是…就是。
She doesn’t like vegetables or fruit。她不喜欢蔬菜和水果。
Either you or I am wrong。不是你错了,就是我错了。
注意:either ... or ...表示“或者……或者……”,即“非此即彼”,当连接两个对等成分在句中作主语时,谓语动词的数要遵循“就近原则”。
三、从属连词的用法
从属连词用来连接各种从句。
1. 引导宾语从句的连词有:that; if是否; whether是否等。
2. 引导状语从句的连词有:
(1)表示时间:when当…的时候; while在…同时; as正当……的时候,随着;before在…以前; after在…之后; until直到; as soon as一……就……等。2-1-c-n-j-y
When he came back, I was doing some washing.当他回来的时候,我在洗衣服。
My mom is cooking while my dad is reading a newspaper.妈妈在做饭而爸爸在读报。21教育名师原创作品
Things are getting better and better as time goes on.随着时间的推移。情况越来越好。
I had finished my homework before Mum came back. 妈妈回来之前,我已经完成我的作业了。After I had finished my homework, Mum came back. 我已经完成我的作业之后,妈妈才回来。
She didn’t watch TV until she finished her homework.她直到做完作业才去看电视。
As soon as he finishes his exercise, he runs out of the classroom.他一做完练习就跑出了教室。
(2)表示地点:where等。
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
(3)表示原因:because, as, since等。
I stayed at home because I was ill.因为我生病了,所以我呆在家里。
We all like her as she is kind.我们都喜欢她因为她为人善良。
Since he asks you, you’ll tell him why.既然他问你,你就告诉他为什么。
注意: because 引导原因状语从句,不能和并列连词 so一起使用, 只能单独使用。
(4)表示条件:if如果, unless除非等。
If it is fine tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.如果明天天气好,我们就去野餐。
We won’t get there on time unless we leave earlier.除非我们早点出发,否则我们就无法准时赶到那儿。
(5)表示让步:though虽然,尽管;although虽然,尽管等。
Though my car is very old, I don’t want to buy a new one.虽然我的汽车很旧,但我不想买一辆新的。
Although he has a lot of money, he is unhappy.他虽然有很多钱,但并不幸福。21·cn·jy·com
注意;though (although)引导让步状语从句,不能和并列连词but一起使用, 只能单独使用。
(6)表示目的:so that等。
The little boy saved every coin so that he could buy his mother a present on Mother's day. 小男孩节省每一个硬币以便他可以在母亲节给母亲买一个礼物。www-2-1-cnjy-com
注意:so that引导目的状语从句时,表示“以便;为了”,从句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情态动词或助动词 21*cnjy*com
(7)表示结果:so ... that ..., so that等。
He worked hard so that he passed the exams. 他努力工作,他通过了考试。
The camera is so expensive that I can't afford it. 照相机太贵了,我买不起。
注意:so that引导结果状语从句时,从句中一般不用can和may等词,在so that前可以用逗号,意思是“因此,所以”。 so+形容词或副词+that ...引导肯定的结果状语从句,意思是“如此??以致于??”。 so ... that ...可以与be ... enough to do转换; so+形容词或副词+that ...引导否定的结果状语从句,意思是“如此……以致于不能……”。可以与too ... to ... 或be not ... enough to do转换。
(8)表示比较:than, as等。
I feel better now than (I was) before. 我现在觉得比以前好了。
He writes as well as you (do). 他写得和你一样好。
名师点睛☆典例分类
类型一、并列连词辨析
【例1】_______ my parents _______ my best friend, Jim, think I can make a good accountant because I’m good at math.
A. Both, and B. Not only, but also C. Neither, nor D. Either, or
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:因为我擅长数学,所以我的父母和我最好的朋友,吉姆,都认为我能成为一名好的会计。分析:通过动词think为动词原形,体现主语是复数形式,因此选择第一项;同时后三项,均为主语就近原则。故选 A
考点:考查连词的用法。
【点睛】本题考查连词辨析。本题主要从连词的使用习惯方面来区分这几个关联词。
【举一反三】
1. Be quick, ___________ we’ll be late for the meeting.21世纪教育网版权所有
A. and B. but C. so D. or
【答案】D
2. — Would you like this TV set or that one?
— I’m not sure. This one has better sound, _________ the picture is better on the other one.
A. and B. but C. although D. because【来源:21·世纪·教育·网】
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:---你想要这台电视机还是那台?---我还不确信,这台音质比较好,但是那台图像比较好。此题考查连词,A并且;B但是;C尽管;D因为,根据句意前后句是转折关系,故选B。
考点:考查连词。
3. _________ my parents _______ my sister are doctors.
A. Not only , but also B. Either , or C. Neither ,nor D. Both, and
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:A. Not only , but also 不仅,而且;B. Either , or 或者,或者;C. Neither ,nor 两者都不;D. Both, and表示两者都 ;根据句意;我的父母和妹妹都是医生。根据句意故选D
考点:考查连词的辨析。
类型二、从属连词辨析
【例2】The city has improved a lot I came here a few years ago.
A.for B.but C.because D.since
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:自从两年前我来到这座城市,这儿已经完善了很多。for因为; but但是; because因为; since自从。根据has improved a lot可知此处与现在完成时连用,故用since来引导时间状语从句。故选D。
考点:考查连词的用法。
【点睛】本题主要考查了时间状语从句的引导词since。务必准确理解各个从属连词的意义及用法。
【举一反三】
1. It’s a good habit of doing your homework _________ you come home from school.
A.if B.when C.as soon as D. the same as
【答案】C
考点:考查连词。
2. Liu Xiang trained so hard ______ he hurt his foot.21教育网
A.when B.while C.that D. What
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:刘翔如此努力的训练以至于脚受伤了。When当……时候;while然而;what什么;so...that...如此……以至于……。根据题意,故选C。
考点:考查连词。
3. It is ______ an interesting book ______ I want to read it once more.
A. so, that B. such, that C. /, so that D. /, such that
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:这本书如此有意思以至于我想再读一遍。so、such 区别So,如此,那么,用法是so+形容词+that从句,such,如此,那么。用法是:such+(a/an)+(形容词)+名词+that从句,但名词前有few,little,many,much修饰时只用so。结合句意,故选B
考点:考查连词的用法。
课时作业☆能力提升
1. Some of us play, some sleep and eat.
A.when B. while C. what D.which
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:我们中有些人在玩,而有些人在睡觉,吃东西。when当……时候; while同时,表示两种情况进行对比; what什么; which哪个。此处表示玩得人和睡觉、吃东西的人同时存在,故用连词while。故选B。
考点:考查连词的用法。
—I can hardly believe my eyes. Is that you, Lucy?
—Yes. It has been almost 20 years ______ we were together.
since B. before C. after D. Until
【答案】A
考点:考查连词辨析
3. You’ll certainly feel lonely ______ you communicate with your friends sometimes.
A. unless B. though C. if D. when
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果你不和你的朋友交流,当然有时你会感到孤独了。A. unless除非,如果不;B. though虽然; C. if如果; D. when当……时。结合句意,故选A【版权所有:21教育】
考点:考查连词的用法。
4. -- she is only 10,she has set up her own website.
--Unbelievable!
A.If B.So C.Because D.Although
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:--虽然她只有十岁,但她已建立了自己的网站。--简直不可相信!A、If 如果; B、So 因此;C、Because 因为;D、Although 虽然,尽管。although 引导让步状语从句,根据题意可知选D。
考点:考查连词。
5. Nobody has the right to laugh at others _________ he is right.21·世纪*教育网
until B. because C. though D. If
【答案】C
?考点:考查连词的用法。
6. I think you won’t pass the coming English exam ______ you work hard from now on.
A. whenever B. although C. if D. unless
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:除非你从现在开始努力否则我认为你不会通过即将到来的英语测试。A. whenever无论何时;B. although 尽管; C. if如果;D. unless除非。结合句意,故选D。
考点:考查连词的用法。
7. It’s _______ good weather _______we can go out to enjoy a pleasant picnic.
A. such a;that B. so; that C. so; as D. such; that
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:它是那么好的天气,以至我们能出去享受一次令人愉快的野餐。So +形容词/副词+that+从句,如此的······以至于······。Such +(a/an)(形容词)+名词/名词短语+that+从句,如此······的事物以至于······。Weather天气,不可数名词。故排除AB,结合句意,故选D。21cnjy.com
考点:考查连词的用法。
8. _______ he got up early this morning, _______ he didn’t catch the early bus.
A. Although, but B. Although, /
C. Although, so D.Though ,but
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:虽然他今天起床早,但是他没有赶上早班车。Although虽然, but但是,表示转折,不同时出现在句子中。结合句意,故选B
考点:考查连词的用法。
9. We didn’t believe it ______ we saw it with our own eyes. After all, to see is to believe.
A. if B. because C. unless D. since
【答案】C
考点:考查连词的用法。
10. It was ______ lovely weather _______ we decided to spend the day on the beach.
A.such a ,that B.such, that C.such , as D. so , that
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:such修饰单数可数名词时,不定冠词a/an通常放在such之后紧挨着;而so则不同,不定冠词位置不同。其结构分别为: such a/ an +形容词+单数可数名词;so +形容词+a/an+单数名词。such除了修饰单数可数名词外,还可以修饰复数名词和不可数名词,so是副词,修饰形容词或副词。如果复数名词前有few,many等形容词;不可数名词前有little,much等形容词,就必须用so,而不能用such。句意:如此可爱的天气,以至于我们决定在沙滩上度过这一天。weather为不可数名词,such+adj+不可数名词+that,如此…以至于,固定结构,故选B
考点:考查连词辨析
11. Don't?go?to?crowded?places,?_______?you?may?have?the?flu?easily.21*cnjy*com
A.?and?? B.?but??? C.?or??? D.?so
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:不要去人群拥挤的地方,否则你可能会很容易得感冒。A. and 并且; B. but 但是; C. or 否则; D. so所以。根据句意,故选C。
考点:考查连词的用法。
12. 【2015年广东省初中毕业生学业考试英语试题】 I have only two tickets for TF Boys’ concert. ______ you _____ he can go on with me.
A.Either or B. Neither nor C. Both and D. Not only also
【答案】A
【考点定位】考查连词的用法。
13. 【2015年安徽省初中毕业学业考试英语试题】–What do you think of your Junior Middle School life?
--I think it is colorful, ______ I am always busy.
A. if B. though C. while D. until
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:-你认为你的初中生活怎么样?-我认为尽管我总是忙,但是它是丰富多彩的。A. if如果;B. though尽管; C. while当;D. until直到。结合句意,故选B。
【考点定位】考查连词辨析。
14. 【2015年安徽省初中毕业学业考试英语试题】Going to the movies is good, ______ I really only like listening to music.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:去看电影是好事,但是我真的仅仅喜欢听音乐。A. and和;B. but但是; C. so所以;D. or或者。根据两句的句意可知是转折关系,故选B。2·1·c·n·j·y
【考点定位】考查连词辨析。
15. 【2015年江苏省苏州市中考英语试题】He hasn’t got any hobbies — you call watching TV a hobby.
A. while B. unless C. as D. if
【答案】B
【考点定位】考查连词辨析。