周口市恒大中学2023-2024学年高三下学期5月月考
英语试题
考试时间:120分钟;满分:120分
注意事项:
1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷(选择题)
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、 B、C D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Vanuatu is an island nation in the South Pacific. It is also one of the smallest countries in the world. But for those interested in adventure and sport, there is a lot to do. Vanuatu’s islands offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano surfing and land diving. Volcano Surfing On Tanna Island, Mount Yasur rises 300 meters into the sky. It is known as the Lighthouse of the Pacific Ocean because of its regular eruptions (爆发) for hundreds of years. For centuries, both island locals and visitors have climbed this mountain to visit the top. Some visitors find Yasur terrifying; others captivating. Photographers are beside themselves at the opportunity to make amazing artwork from such a special point. Recently, people have also started climbing Yasur to surf the volcano. Volcano surfing is considered as an extreme sport and there are not many practicing it. A volcano surfer’s goal is to escape the erupting volcano - without getting hit by flying rocks! Riders hike up the volcano and slide down, sitting or standing, on a thin plywood or metal board. Land Diving Most people are familiar with bungee jumping, but did you know bungee jumping started on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu and is almost fifteen centuries old The original activity, called land diving, is part of a religious ceremony. A man ties tree vines (藤) to his legs. He then jumps head-first from a high tower. It originated as a rite (仪式) for young men trying to prove their manhood. The idea is to jump from as high as possible, and to land as close to the ground as possible. It is also a harvest rite. The islanders believe the higher the jumpers dive, the higher the crops will grow.
1.Which of the following can be learned from the passage
A.Mount Yasur is a light tower on the Pacific Ocean.
B.The history of volcano surfing dates back centuries.
C.Land diving came to Vanuatu from another country.
D.Bungee jumping grew out of land diving.
2.The underlined word “captivating” is closest in meaning to ________.
A.depressing B.disappointing C.charming D.relieving
3.Which of the following could be the best title of this passage
A.Untouched Beauty: VANUATU B.Extreme Destination: VANUATU
C.Volcano Adventure : VANUATU D.Preserved Culture: VANUATU
B
Shamarr Allen was sleeping at home one evening last July when he was shocked awake by a TV news item. There had been a shooting among a group of children in the 7th Ward of New Orleans, only a few miles from Allen’s home, and a nine-year-old boy named Devante Bryant had been killed. Allen was horrified and heartbroken. He thought of his own nine-year-old son.
Originally from the city’s rough Lower 9th Ward, Allen is one of the most celebrated jazz trumpeters (小号手) in a city. His band has released three albums, and he is a regular on local television and a street performer. After seeing the tragic news that morning, it didn’t take long for Allen to hit on a possible way out. He had a few spare trumpets lying around. Maybe he could offer them to kids in exchange for their guns.
“What saved me and redirected my path was a trumpet, the music and culture of the city that it connected me with,” Allen says. “It showed me that success, connections and differences can be managed through self-expression.”
“Just to see that they actually want to give up their guns, that’s the cool part about it,” says Allen, who has collected seven guns so far, a small but symbolically important start.
But he doesn’t stop with the exchange of gun for instrument. After the exchanges, Allen connects the children with local musicians who give them free virtual trumpet lessons. He also started a GoFundMe page to buy more instruments to give away. So far, he has collected over $45,000. More importantly, he has fostered hope for his city and young people looking for a better life.
“I just say, ”Look, I come from where you come from, and I can show you the way that got me out,’“ says Allen. ”And music may not be the way for you, but it will at least open your mind to see what’s out there. “
4.What might be the reasons pushing Shammarr Allen to work out such a solution EXCEPT ________.
A.his nine-year-old boy B.his life experiences
C.his educational background D.his spare trumpets
5.Which of the following can best describe Shamarr Allen
A.Caring and helpful.
B.Kind and famous.
C.Curious and brave.
D.Determined and honest.
6.What is the purpose of this text
A.To introduce an admirable hero.
B.To promote Shamarr Allen’s new albums.
C.To appeal to the government to control the guns.
D.To inform the readers of a tragic shooting in New Orleans.
7.Which can be a suitable title for the text
A.Hope Is at Your Hand
B.Music Is the Way Out
C.The Trumpet Is His Weapon
D.Shooting Is Under Control
C
If there had to be a father of handwashing in history, it would be Ignaz Semmelweis. While working at Vienna General hospital, the Hungarian doctor, faced with a situation in which maternal death (孕产妇死亡) in hospitals were significantly higher than local clinics, tried hard clues as to why.
Germs (细菌) were yet to be discovered, and it was still believed in the 1840s that disease was spread by bad smells in the air. So it didn’t seem a problem that trainee doctors hanging out of labs to dissect (解剖) human bodies would pop up to the maternity ward (产房) to deliver a baby without washing their hands.
Then an accidental finger cut by a knife during a dissection caused a doctor to die, seemingly of the same sign the mothers had been getting. Semmelweis assumed that something from the dead bodies was to blame, which might, through the hands of doctors, make their way into women’ s bodies during childbirth.
To test his theory, he ordered doctors to wash their hands and instruments in some chlorine solution. As a result, the death rate for new mothers dropped to about 1 percent, compared with that of as high as 18 percent before the experiment.
However, he faced great resistance, and met a sad end. People at that time didn’t think of themselves as sort of walking Petri dishes. And the majority of doctors then were from middle- or upper-class families, and thought of themselves as very clean people.
Over the next 40 years, a better understanding of germs developed, and attitudes to hygiene (卫生) gradually shifted. In 1876, the German scientist Robert Koch discovered the anthrax bacillus (炭疽), kicking off the new research field of medical bacteriology. Many more germs were later identified. Surgeons started to take handwashing seriously.
By the 1890s and into the early 1900s, handwashing moved from being something doctors did to something everybody had been told to do.
8.What was the situation like in the 1840s
A.Germs might have been discovered then.
B.Women suffered from delivering babies then.
C.The air at that time was dirty and full of viruses.
D.People were unaware of how disease was spread.
9.What does the underlined word “Solution” probably mean
A.Liquid. B.Option. C.Tissue. D.Shell.
10.How did the public feel about handwashing at first
A.It was effective. B.It was necessary.
C.It was ridiculous. D.It was dangerous.
11.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage
A.Steps to Protect Yourself
B.Disease Spreading by Your Hand
C.Hand Washing Critical in Fighting Viruses
D.The First Recorded Discovery of Handwashing
D
Batik is a traditional Indonesian coloring method used to make designs and drawings, usually on cloth and finished textiles. Batik makers use dyes— colors added to cloth and other materials— to create the colorful designs.
In central Indonesia, many batik makers are using natural dyes instead of manufactured ones. The natural dyes used come from mangrove forests that grow along the coast. The trees grow in salty water on a complex system of tall roots.
Mangrove forests serve an important purpose. They provide a barrier against destructive (破坏性的) ocean waves called tsunamis. They also are important to water life like fish and crabs. And the forests are more effective in taking in carbon dioxide gas, a gas linked to climate change, than rainforests or similar environments.
Erwin Ardli is a mangrove ecologist at Indonesia’s Jenderal Soedirman University. He says the natural dyes may not be as bright as manufactured ones. But they are better for the environment. Ardli said, “We’ve seen the interest for natural dyes increasing, and especially for middle-to upper-class people, they seem proud to wear clothes using these natural dyes rather than synthetic (合成) ones.” Iiting Budiarti, who owns an art gallery that shows Batik designs, agreed with Ardli, adding that objects with natural dyes can cost two or three times more than the synthetic ones.
Forty-eight-year-old Sodikin is a batik maker. Over the past four years, he and his group of batik makers have changed from using chemical materials for dyes to mangrove-based products. The change has reduced their costs and helped the environment.
Harvesting involves gathering a handful of what looks like string beans-seeds within a covering. Sodikin then takes the mangrove fruit home to make natural dye from them.
“We use natural materials so as to preserve the mangrove forest at the same time,” Sodikin said, as he processed dried fruits before boiling them to extract the colour for use as a dye. “We do not cut down the trees,” he added, “and we only take fruits or leaves that have fallen.”
12.Where do the natural dyes used by Indonesian batik manufacturers come from
A.Some string beans.
B.Salty water.
C.The roots of coastal trees.
D.Mature seeds or leaves of mangrove forests.
13.Which is NOT mentioned in the passage about the role of mangrove forests
A.Resisting harmful ocean waves.
B.Preventing carbon dioxide emissions better.
C.Providing more high-quality wood products.
D.Providing a growth environment for marine organisms.
14.What does paragraph 4 focus on
A.The development trend of Batik.
B.People’s attitude towards synthetic dyes.
C.Advantages and disadvantages of natural dyes.
D.The relationship between natural dyes and people’s identity.
15.Where is this text most likely from
A.A biology textbook.
B.A tourist guide to central Indonesia.
C.A report concerning traditional culture.
D.An assessment report on ecological balance.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Do Well in School
No matter how far along you are in your education, doing well in school can be difficult. Here are some tips for you.
Take notes while you listen or read. Taking notes helps you remember what you hear or read. 16 Writing your notes by hand may help you absorb and remember the material better. Make note of questions you have about the material while you read.
17 Its your teacher’s job to help you learn and understand, so don't hesitate to ask them questions! Asking questions will not only help you learn the material better but will also show your teachers that you're engaged and interested.
Keep up with your homework assignments. This may seem pretty obvious, but it can be easy to lose track of all the work you're supposed to be doing. 18 Not only will your grades suffer if you don't do your assignments, but you also won't learn as much J
Be sure to attend the class every day. Showing up will ensure you learn more and don't miss anything important. If you do have to miss class, reach out to your teacher or a classmate to find out what you missed so that you can review it. 19
Participate in after-class activities. Consider signing up for school clubs, sports teams, or student committees. 20 They're also a good way for you to get to know your teachers and fellow students.
A.Ask questions if you don't understand something.
B.These activities can be fun and make you energetic.
C.Someone might be willing to share their notes with you.
D.Students who participate in after-class activities get higher grades.
E.Make sure to stay on top of any homework you're required to hand in.
F.It also helps your brain to stay active and absorb information effectively.
G.Try to close your book and read to yourself what you have just learned in class.
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30 分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A cancer diagnosis (诊断) can bring you to the very edge of the cliff (悬崖). It did for Allie Newman. A bright, athletic 16-year-old one day and a cancer 21 the next.
Osteosarcoma isn’t a word that should be in a high schooler’s 22 . Allie got very familiar with it, a type of bone cancer. She 23 12 months of treatment, losing her hair, her strength and her desire for food but never her positive 24 . Then came the surgeries to replace some of her bones. In addition to those was long-term medical treatment. The 25 suffering can prevent a person from being 26 . But when Allie 27 herself on the cliff’ edge, she decided to live and 28 life, no matter what it brought. Though it was 29 , Allie discovered the courage to finish college, travel abroad and celebrate every new year of being cancer free.
“Cancer 30 people,” Allie says. “It shapes us into someone who understands more deeply, hopes more desperately and lives more passionately.” With that 31 , Allie joined an organization that helps hospitals treat teenage cancer patients. So far, the organization has 32 18,000 families.
You 33 know where your life will lead and what courage you will have to gather. But when you are facing your 34 , do as Allie says, “Take a second to smile, and give yourself a minute to truly 35 all the good in your life right now.”
21.A.expert B.patient C.reporter D.nurse
22.A.vocabulary B.grammar C.literature D.homework
23.A.recommended B.experienced C.quit D.imagined
24.A.standard B.hobby C.memory D.attitude
25.A.careless B.hopeless C.endless D.meaningless
26.A.positive B.anxious C.intelligent D.unique
27.A.saved B.found C.protected D.forced
28.A.share B.begin C.love D.need
29.A.hard B.safe C.fun D.late
30.A.frightens B.confuses C.knows D.changes
31.A.passion B.plan C.excuse D.intention
32.A.fed B.cured C.affected D.separated
33.A.only B.ever C.still D.never
34.A.successes B.purposes C.fears D.mistakes
35.A.put off B.think about C.set aside D.laugh at
第Ⅱ 卷(非选择题 共55分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分 满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On 1 June, 1910, the race to the South Pole 36 the Norwegian and the British 37 . Amundsen left on 8 September 1911.He 38 great progress because he had teams of dogs 39 (pull) the sledges and all his men were on skis.They arrived at the Pole on 14 December, 1911 and became the first 40 (arrive)there.Scott left on 1 November 41 his two sledges broke 42 first and then his horses had difficulties with the cold and the snow. They finally made it to the Pole and were 43 (shock) to find that they had failed to win the race.On their 44 (dead)return journey, they still found time to look for rocks.Their great courage made them into 45 (hero).
第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是李华,你的英国朋友Joe对中国历史非常感兴趣,请你回复一封邮件,推荐一部介绍中国历史的作品,内容包括:
①作品名称;
②内容介绍。
注意:①词数80左右;
②开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:《中国通史》General History of China
Dear Joe,
How is everything going
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Being a single parent can be extremely difficult. I recently went through a rough time while raising my four daughters on my own. Things had not been going well for me ever since we decided to take care of ourselves. My financial situation was not great since I had four growing girls to feed on my own. As a result of that, my family car was left in bad shape. As it broke down from time to time, I only used the car when it was absolutely necessary to do so.
But one rainy night, we desperately needed groceries so the five of us went for a quick run to the store. Once we had loaded groceries to the car, it wouldn’t start no matter how I tried. I was helpless in the parking lot with my four daughters aged 9, 5, 2 and a 6-weeks old. To make matters worse, I was not able to call anyone because my phone was disconnected.
One of my girls had mistakenly left a light on, and my battery was dead. I had no family to speak to and was on my own. I must have asked more than twenty people for help during the two hours. They all ignored me. Not even a no. They just acted like I didn’t exist. My 5-year-old was melting down. My newborn screaming, my two-year-old crying she was hungry, and my oldest desperately trying to help. I was crying and felt like the worst mom ever
When everything seemed hopeless, an elderly man, most probably in his 70s, came over and gave me a plate of chicken strips, biscuits and some water. He asked me to feed my girls and myself. He also said that he arranged for a tow truck to come get my car and his wife was on the way to fetch us back home. The tow truck came, the old man’s wife arrived to fetch us and we were finally back home.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右:
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next morning, the old man appeared at my front door along with a mechanic (修理工).
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the mechanic left, I tried to find the old man.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案:
1.D 2.C 3.C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了 瓦努阿图岛屿为游客提供的世界上最刺激和最危险的两项活动:火山冲浪和陆地潜水。
1.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Most people are familiar with bungee jumping, but did you know bungee jumping started on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu and is almost fifteen centuries old The original activity, called land diving, is part of a religious ceremony. (大多数人都熟悉蹦极,但你知道蹦极起源于瓦努阿图的五旬节岛,已经有将近1500年的历史了吗?最初的活动被称为陆地潜水,是宗教仪式的一部分)”可知,蹦极是从陆地潜水发展而来的。故选D。
2.词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Some visitors find Yasur terrifying; others captivating. Photographers are beside themselves at the opportunity to make amazing artwork from such a special point. (一些游客觉得亚苏尔很可怕;而其他游客认为它是captivating。摄影师们为从这样一个特殊的角度拍摄令人惊叹的艺术作品而欣喜若狂)”可知,“terrifying”和“captivating”为对比关系,且摄影师们因为拍摄令人惊叹的艺术作品而欣喜若狂,所以其他游客认为这里是很迷人的。由此推知,划线词captivating与charming(令人着迷的)意思接近。故选C。
3.主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“But for those interested in adventure and sport, there is a lot to do. Vanuatu’s islands offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano surfing and land diving. (但是对于那些对冒险和运动感兴趣的人来说,有很多事情可以做。瓦努阿图的岛屿为游客提供了世界上最刺激和最危险的两项活动:火山冲浪和陆地潜水)”可知,文章主要介绍瓦努阿图的岛屿为那些对冒险和运动感兴趣的人提供的活动。由此可知,Volcano Adventure : VANUATU(火山探险:瓦努阿图)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。
4.C 5.A 6.A 7.C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了新奥尔良的一位音乐家艾伦被新闻报道中的儿童枪击事件所震惊,后来他发起了以小号换取孩子们手中的枪,帮助他们用音乐来表达自己,放弃暴力的故事。
4.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Allen was horrified and heartbroken. He thought of his own nine-year-old son.”(艾伦被吓坏了,心都碎了。他想起了自己九岁的儿子。)第二段“Originally from the city’s rough Lower 9th Ward, Allen is one of the most celebrated jazz trumpeters (小号手) in a city. His band has released three albums, and he is a regular on local television and a street performer. After seeing the tragic news that morning, it didn’t take long for Allen to hit on a possible way out. He had a few spare trumpets lying around. Maybe he could offer them to kids in exchange for their guns.”(艾伦来自纽约市贫穷的下九区,他是纽约市最著名的爵士小号手之一。他的乐队已经发行了三张专辑,他是当地电视台和街头艺人的常客。那天早上看到这个悲惨的消息后,艾伦很快就想到了一个可能的出路。他身边还有一些多余的小号。也许他可以把小号给孩子们来交换他们的枪。)可知,正是因为艾伦想到了自己九岁的儿子,个人的音乐经历及身边多余的小号,他想到了用音乐来换取他们的枪的计划。他的教育的经历并未提及,故选C。
5.推理判断题。结合第二段的内容介绍可知,艾伦在对这次枪击事件感到震惊的同时,他想到了用音乐帮助孩子们来表达自己,用小号来换取他们手中的枪,放弃暴力的行为,可看出艾伦是关心他人和乐于帮助的。故选A。
6.推理判断题。根据第二段“Originally from the city’s rough Lower 9th Ward, Allen is one of the most celebrated jazz trumpeters (小号手) in a city. His band has released three albums, and he is a regular on local television and a street performer. After seeing the tragic news that morning, it didn’t take long for Allen to hit on a possible way out. He had a few spare trumpets lying around. Maybe he could offer them to kids in exchange for their guns.”(艾伦来自纽约市贫穷的下九区,他是纽约市最著名的爵士小号手之一。他的乐队已经发行了三张专辑,他是当地电视台和街头艺人的常客。那天早上看到这个悲惨的消息后,艾伦很快就想到了一个可能的出路。他身边还有一些多余的小号。也许他可以把小号给孩子们来交换他们的枪。)倒数第二段中“But he doesn’t stop with the exchange of gun for instrument. After the exchanges, Allen connects the children with local musicians who give them free virtual trumpet lessons. He also started a GoFundMe page to buy more instruments to give away.”(但他并没有停止用枪换工具。交流结束后,艾伦将孩子们与当地音乐家联系起来,让他们免费学习虚拟小号。他还开通了 GoFundMe 页面,购买更多乐器进行赠送。)可知,文章介绍了音乐家艾伦用音乐帮助孩子们表达自己,放弃暴力,所以主要是为了向人们介绍这位英雄的故事。故选A。
7.主旨大意题。通读全文,结合文章第二段“Originally from the city’s rough Lower 9th Ward, Allen is one of the most celebrated jazz trumpeters (小号手) in a city. His band has released three albums, and he is a regular on local television and a street performer. After seeing the tragic news that morning, it didn’t take long for Allen to hit on a possible way out. He had a few spare trumpets lying around. Maybe he could offer them to kids in exchange for their guns.”(艾伦来自纽约市贫穷的下九区,他是纽约市最著名的爵士小号手之一。他的乐队已经发行了三张专辑,他是当地电视台和街头艺人的常客。那天早上看到这个悲惨的消息后,艾伦很快就想到了一个可能的出路。他身边还有一些多余的小号。也许他可以把小号给孩子们来交换他们的枪。)及倒数第二段的内容,可知文章介绍了音乐家艾伦用小号帮助孩子们表达自己,放弃暴力,所以文章的标题可以为“小号就是他的武器”,故选C。
8.D 9.A 10.C 11.C
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了如何从起初Ignaz Semmelweis提出洗手的必要性,但并不被大家所接受,直到后来人们渐渐意识到洗手是日常生活中预防病菌的一种有效方法。
8.细节理解题。根据第二段“Germs (细菌) were yet to be discovered, and it was still believed in the 1840s that disease was spread by bad smells in the air.(那时还没有发现细菌,在19世纪40年代,人们仍然相信疾病是通过空气中的臭味传播的。)”可知,在19世纪40年代,人们不知道疾病是如何传播的。故选D项。
9.词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“To test his theory, he ordered doctors to wash their hands and instruments in some chlorine solution.(为了验证他的理论,他命令医生在氯气solution中洗手和清洗仪器。)”中“wash their hands and instruments in”部分可推知,洗手和仪器应该是在液体中,所以solution最有可能是“液体”的意思,A选项Liquid符合题意。故选A项。
10.推理判断题。根据第五段“However, he faced great resistance, and met a sad end. People at that time didn’t think of themselves as sort of walking Petri dishes. And the majority of doctors then were from middle- or upper-class families, and thought of themselves as very clean people.(然而,他面临着巨大的阻力,并遭遇了悲惨的结局。那时候的人们并不认为自己是行走的培养皿。当时大多数医生都来自中产或上层阶级家庭,认为自己是非常干净的人。)”可知,起初人们并不认为自己的双手会携带细菌,所以可以推断,他们认为洗手是很可笑的一件事。故选C项。
11.主旨大意题。根据第一段“If there had to be a father of handwashing in history, it would be Ignaz Semmelweis.(如果说历史上一定要有一位洗手之父的话,那一定是 Ignaz Semmelweis。)”以及全文内容可知,文章主要讲述如何从起初Ignaz Semmelweis提出洗手的必要性,但并不被大家所接受,直到后来人们渐渐意识到洗手是日常生活中预防病菌的一种有效方法,所以C项“Hand Washing Critical in Fighting Viruses(洗手对对抗病毒至关重要)”概括了文章主旨,可以作为文章标题。故选C项。
12.D 13.C 14.A 15.C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了印度尼西亚的传统着色工艺:蜡染。
12.细节理解题。根据第二段中“The natural dyes used come from mangrove forests that grow along the coast.(所用的天然染料来自沿海生长的红树林)”以及倒数第二段中“Sodikin then takes the mangrove fruit home to make natural dye from them.(然后,Sodikin把红树果实带回家,用它们制作天然染料)”和最后一段中“we only take fruits or leaves that have fallen.(我们只拿走掉落的果实或树叶)”可知,蜡染用的天然染料是红树成熟果实种子和掉落的叶子。故选D项。
13.细节理解题。根据第三段中内容“Mangrove forests serve an important purpose. They provide a barrier against destructive (破坏性的) ocean waves called tsunamis. They also are important to water life like fish and crabs. And the forests are more effective in taking in carbon dioxide gas, a gas linked to climate change, than rainforests or similar environments..(红树林起着重要的作用。它们为被称为海啸的破坏性海浪提供了屏障。它们对鱼类和螃蟹等水生生物也很重要。与雨林或类似环境相比,红树林能更有效地吸收与气候变化有关的二氧化碳气体)”可知,文中提到红树林可以抵御海啸,为水生生物提供更好的生存环境,还能更好地吸收二氧化碳,但没有提到提供木材。故选C项。
14.主旨大意题。根据第四段“…But they are better for the environment. Ardli said, ‘We’ve seen the interest for natural dyes increasing, and especially for middle-to upper-class people, they seem proud to wear clothes using these natural dyes rather than synthetic (合成) ones.’(但是它们对环境更好。阿德利说:我们看到人们对天然染料的兴趣越来越大,尤其是中上层阶级的人,他们似乎以穿着使用这些天然染料而不是合成染料的衣服而自豪)”可知,本段主要介绍蜡染的发展趋势。故选A项。
15.推理判断题。根据第一段“Batik is a traditional Indonesian coloring method used to make designs and drawings, usually on cloth and finished textiles. Batik makers use dyes— colors added to cloth and other materials— to create the colorful designs.(蜡染是一种传统的印度尼西亚着色方法,用于制作设计和图纸,通常在布料和成品纺织品上。蜡染师使用染料—添加在布料和其他材料上的颜色—来创造色彩斑斓的图案)”并结合全文可知文章主要介绍了蜡染这种工艺的相关内容和发展趋势,属于印度尼西亚的传统文化的宣传推广。由此推知,本文可能来自一个关注传统文化的报告。故选C项。
16.F 17.A 18.E 19.C 20.B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要就如何在学校做得好给出了几个建议。
16.空格前说“Taking notes helps you remember what you hear or read.(做笔记可以帮助你记住所听到或读到的内容。)”,空格后说“Writing your notes by hand may help you absorb and remember the material better.(手写笔记可以帮助你更好地吸收和记忆材料。)”,F选项中It指代taking notes,also help是原词复现,因此F选项承上启下,符合语境,故选F。
17.空格处是本段小标题,根据后文“Its your teacher’s job to help you learn and understand, so don't hesitate to ask them questions!(帮助你学习和理解是你老师的工作,所以不要犹豫向他们提问!)”可知本段讲述的是问问题,A选项“Ask questions if you don't understand something.(不懂的地方要问问题。)”概括了本段内容,符合语境,故选A。
18.本段第一句话是小标题,因此本段讲述的是坚持做好作业。E项“Make sure to stay on top of any homework you're required to hand in.(一定要把所有的作业都交上来。)”和主题句相呼应,因此E选项承接上文,符合语境,故选E。
19.空格前说“If you do have to miss class, reach out to your teacher or a classmate to find out what you missed so that you can review it.(如果你不得不缺课,联系你的老师或同学,找出你错过了什么,这样你就可以复习了。)”,C项“Someone might be willing to share their notes with you.(也许有人愿意和你分享他们的笔记。)”承接上文,和前面的“联系你的老师或同学,找出你错过了什么”相呼应,因此C选项符合语境,故选C。
20.本段主题句为“Participate in after-class activities.(参与课外活动)”,B项“These activities can be fun and make you energetic.(这些活动会很有趣,让你精力充沛。)”说明了课外活动的好处,因此B选项承上启下,符合语境,故选B。
21.B 22.A 23.B 24.D 25.C 26.A 27.B 28.C 29.A 30.D 31.A 32.C 33.D 34.C 35.B
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了罹患癌症的女孩Allie Newman在与疾病顽强搏斗的同时,继续追求自己的梦想,还不忘帮助其他患者。
21.考查名词词义辨析。句意:前一天还是个聪明好动的16岁少年,第二天就成了癌症患者。A. expert专家;B. patient病人;C. reporter记者;D. nurse护士。根据首句中的 “A cancer diagnosis”和“It did for Allie Newman.”可知,Allie前一天还是一个快乐、擅长运动的16岁少女,第二天就成了一名癌症患者。故选B。
22.考查名词词义辨析。句意:骨肉瘤这个词不应该出现在高中生的词汇中。A. vocabulary词汇;B. grammar语法;C. literature文学;D. homework家庭作业。根据上文“Osteosarcoma isn’t a word that should be in a high schooler’s”可知,Osteosarcoma 不是一个高中生的词汇表中该有的词,即高中生不应该认识这个词。故选A。
23.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她经历了12个月的治疗,失去了头发、体力和对食物的渴望,但从未失去积极的态度。A. recommended建议;B. experienced经历;C. quit停止;D. imagined想象。根据后文“12 months of treatment”指经历了12个月的治疗。故选B。
24.考查名词词义辨析。句意:她经历了12个月的治疗,失去了头发、体力和对食物的渴望,但从未失去积极的态度。A. standard标准;B. hobby爱好;C. memory记忆;D. attitude态度。根据下文“Allie discovered the courage to finish college, travel abroad and celebrate every new year of being cancer free.”可知,艾丽经历了12个月的治疗,在治疗中 Allie 失去了头发、体力和胃口,但从没有失去积极的生活态度。故选D。
25.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:无止境的痛苦会阻止一个人变得积极。A. careless粗心的;B. hopeless无希望的;C. endless无尽的;D. meaningless无意义的。根据上文“Then came the surgeries to replace some of her bones. In addition to those was long-term medical treatment. ”可知,长达一年的治疗和十几次的手术带来了无尽的痛苦,故选C。
26.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:无止境的痛苦会阻止一个人变得积极。A. positive积极的;B. anxious焦虑的;C. intelligent聪明的;D. unique独特的。上文提到的长达一年的治疗和十几次的手术带来了无尽的痛苦,这可能会让人不再乐观。positive与上文的 positive是单词复现。故选A。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是当艾丽发现自己在悬崖边缘时,她决定活着并热爱生活,不管它会带来什么。A. saved拯救;B. found找到,发现;C. protected保护;D. forced迫使。根据后文“herself on the cliff’ edge”指发现自己在悬崖边缘,故选B。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是当艾丽发现自己在悬崖边缘时,她决定生活并热爱生活,不管它会带来什么。A. share分享;B. begin开始;C. love爱;D. need需要。根据后文“Allie discovered the courage to finish college, travel abroad and celebrate every new year of being cancer free.”可知,艾丽决定要好好生活、热爱生活,无论生活带来什么。故选C。
29.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:尽管很艰难,艾莉还是鼓起勇气完成了大学学业,出国旅行,庆祝每一个摆脱癌症的新年。A. hard努力的,困难的;B. safe安全的;C. fun有趣的;D. late迟的。考查形容词。根据前文“12 months of treatment, losing her hair, her strength and her desire for food but never her positive________. Then came the surgeries to replace some of her bones. In addition to those was long-term medical treatment.”可知,身患癌症,治疗让生活艾丽生活艰难,艾丽还是找到了勇气,她读完了大学、去国外旅行、庆祝每一个癌症没有复发的新年。故选A。
30.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“癌症会改变人,” 艾丽说。A. frightens使害怕;B. confuses使困惑;C. knows知道;D. changes改变。根据“It shapes us into someone who understands more deeply, hopes more desperately and lives more passionately.(它把我们塑造成一个更深刻地理解、更绝望地希望、更热情地生活的人)”可知,癌症会改变人们,它让人更深刻地理解、更热切地盼望、更热情地生活。故选D。
31.考查名词词义辨析。句意:怀着这种热情,艾丽加入了一个帮助医院治疗青少年癌症患者的组织。A. passion激情;B. plan计划;C. excuse借口;D. intention意图。考查名词。本句承接上句中“lives more passionately”意为“带着那样的热情,艾丽加入了一个帮助医院治疗青少年癌症患者的组织。”故选A。
32.考查动词词义辨析。句意:到目前为止,该组织已经影响了1.8万个家庭。A. fed喂养;B. cured治愈;C. affected影响;D. separated分开。考查动词。根据“an organization that helps hospitals treat teenage cancer patients”可推知,这个组织已经影响了一万八千个家庭。故选C。
33.考查副词词义辨析。句意:你永远不知道你的生活会走向何方,你需要鼓起多大的勇气。A. only仅仅;B. ever曾经;C. still仍然;D. never从不。根据后文“Take a second to smile, and give yourself a minute to truly________all the good in your life right now.”可知,本段是对前文的总结:你永远不知道生活会把你领向何方以及你必须鼓起什么样的勇气来面对生活,下文是你面对困难应该做的事情。故选D。
34.考查名词词义辨析。句意:但当你面对恐惧时,就像艾丽说的那样,“花点时间微笑,给自己一分钟时间,真正思考一下你生活中所有的美好。”A. successes成功;B. purposes目的;C. fears恐惧;D. mistakes错误。根据上文可知,艾丽给我们树立了应对苦难的榜样,故只有fears与文章表达的内容一致。故选C。
35.考查动词短语辨析。句意:但当你面对恐惧时,就像艾丽说的那样,“花点时间微笑,给自己一分钟时间,真正思考一下你生活中所有的美好。”A. put off推迟;B. think about思考;C. set aside留出;D. laugh at嘲笑。根据上文“Take a second to smile, and give yourself a minute to truly”可知,艾丽给的建议是“用一秒钟微笑,用一分钟好好想一下当下生活中所有美好的事情”。故选B。
36.between 37.began 38.made 39.pulling 40.to arrive 41.but 42.down 43.shocked 44.deadly 45.heroes
【导语】这是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了挪威人和英国人之间的南极竞赛。虽然他们未能赢得比赛,但他们所表现出的非凡勇气使他们成为英雄。
36.考查介词。句意:在1910年6月1日,挪威人和英国人之间的南极比赛开始了。between...and...是固定短语“在……之间”。故填between。
37.考查动词时态。句意同上。根据时间状语“On 1 June, 1910”可知,描述过去发生的事情,应该用过去时,故填began。
38.考查动词时态。句意:他取得了很大的进步,因为他用几队狗拉雪橇,所有的队员都在滑雪板上行进。make progress是固定短语“取得进步”,描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时,故填made。
39.考查现在分词。句意同上。分析句子可知,空处是宾语补足语,解释说明宾语teams of dogs,dog和pull是主动关系,用现在分词表示主动,故填pulling。
40.考查不定式。句意:他们于1911年12月14日到达极点,成为第一个到达那里的人。句中有谓语动词became,arrive和became之间没有连词,用非谓语动词,序数词后用动词不定式作定语。故填to arrive。
41.考查连词。句意:斯科特于11月1日出发,但他的两辆雪橇先坏了,然后他的马又因寒冷和雪而遇到了困难。根据句意可知,两句之间是转折关系,应该用连词but,故填but。
42.考查固定短语。句意:斯科特于11月1日出发,但他的两辆雪橇先坏了,然后他的马又因寒冷和雪而遇到了困难。break down是固定短语“坏了”,故填down。
43.考查形容词。句意:他们终于到达了极点,震惊地发现他们没能赢得比赛。be shocked to do是固定短语“震惊地做某事”,表示人的感受,用ed形式的形容词,故填shocked。
44.考查形容词。句意:在他们致命的返程中,他们仍然有时间寻找岩石。deadly是形容词“致命的”修饰名词作定语,符合句意,故填deadly。
45.考查名词的数。句意:他们的巨大勇气使他们成为英雄。hero的复数形式是heroes,根据主语they可知用复数形式,故填heroes。
46.Dear Joe,
How is everything going I'd like to recommend a documentary—General History of China produced in 2016.
The documentary, first broadcast in 2016, interprets the splendid history of China ranging from the ancient times to the Qing Dynasty. Not only can it help you learn about fundamental historical events of China but you can sense our reflection while recalling what had happened in the past. Hence, you can easily understand how the Chinese civilization came into being.
I do hope you will like it.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Joe回复一封邮件,想他推荐一部介绍中国历史的作品。
【详解】1.词汇积累
帮助:help→assist
基本的:fundamental→basic
因此:hence→therefore
形成:come into being→form
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:The documentary, first broadcast in 2016, interprets the splendid history of China ranging from the ancient times to the Qing Dynasty.
拓展句:The documentary, which was first broadcast in 2016, interprets the splendid history of China ranging from the ancient times to the Qing Dynasty.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Not only can it help you learn about fundamental historical events of China but you can sense our reflection while recalling what had happened in the past.(运用了what引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Hence, you can easily understand how the Chinese civilization came into being.(运用了how引导的宾语从句)
47.Paragraph 1:
The next morning, the old man appeared at my front door along with a mechanic(修理工). “I bet you are too busy to fix your car, so just leave it to us!” the old man assured me, his eyes twinkling with affection. The two soon buried themselves in “their project”. When I fetched some coffee and cake for them, I found that the elderly man had left. Within a few hours, my car functioned again, but not even costing me a penny. The mechanic said the elderly had covered the fees and he refused to give away any information about him.
Paragraph 2:
After the mechanic left, I tried to find the old man. I went to the store where we met but never saw him again. I got confidence in life again and worked harder than before, and my life became much easier. However, I didn’t get a chance to thank the old man and tell him that he had changed my life until I met him again on a sunny winter day in a nearby café. I went over to greet him. He recognized me and smiled, “You seem to have changed a lot.” “Yes.” I said, “It’s all because of you.”
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了一位单亲妈妈带着四个孩子开车去商店买东西,结果中途车坏了。路上没有一个人伸出援手,直到一个70多岁的老人给她们提供了食物和水,并让自己的妻子开车载她们回家。
【详解】1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上,老人和一个机械师出现在我的前门。”可知,第一段可描写老人和机械师帮助作者修车的过程,作者想要表示感谢,老人却已经走了。
②由第二段首句内容“机修工离开后,我试图找到那位老人。”可知,第二段可描写通过老人的帮助,作者对生活的态度发生了改变,并且在后来又遇到了老人并表示了感谢。
2.续写线索:老人保证把车修好——两人专心于修车——车恢复了功能——机械师拒绝透露信息——作者对生活充满了信心——感到轻松——没能感谢老人——再次遇到老人
3.词汇激活:
行为类
保证:assure/promise
专心于:be buried in/focus on/concentrate on
运转:function/work
拒绝:refuse/reject
对……有信心:have confidence in/have faith in
遇到:meet/encounter/come across
情绪类
轻松:easier/more relaxed
感谢:thank/show gratitude/be grateful
【点睛】[高分句型1]
When I fetched some coffee and cake for them, I found that the elderly man had left.(when引导时间状语从句,that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2]
I went to the store where we met but never saw him again.(where引导地点状语从句)
[高分句型3]
However, I didn’t get a chance to thank the old man and tell him that he had changed my life until I met him again on a sunny winter day in a nearby café.(to thank为动词不定式作后置定语,that引导的是宾语从句,until引导时间状语从句)