2024年高考英语模拟试题分类汇编：阅读表达（北京专用)
（一）
（204届 . 北京海淀区 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域内作答。
As a kid, I dreamed of becoming a marine biologist and I lived out this fantasy by setting up aquariums （鱼缸）at home. Then, at 20, I was introduced to photographer David Liittschwager, who hired me to help him with a magazine assignment on marine life.
David’s assignment was to document the amazing biodiversity found in the ocean. My role was to collect species for him to photograph. Every night, I would cast a floating lamp. Like moths drawn to a flame, mysterious creatures would emerge from the depths in search of this light. I'd then set up aquariums to house them as they waited for David to take their shot.
Those evenings made me feel as if I were on another planet. I had never imagined such strange life-forms could exist in our oceans. But I didn't grasp the true magic of what was in front of me until I saw the photographs David took.
The biggest surprise was his image of a baby flounder. I caught this fish by accident. Only later did I notice its two tiny eyeballs staring back at me. But David's photograph of this flounder revealed a universe of detail that even my eager eyes had missed. His macro lens magnified its ribs. The lightning-fast exposure froze its motion. A precisely aimed light released the rainbow
hidden in its skin. And the black background removed all distractions to focus our attention on the quiet beauty at hand.
Years after that project, I was snorkeling （潜水）on a shallow reef. Out of the darkness, another baby flounder emerged and settled on my mask. This time I knew what to look for. Before working for David, I had assumed the goal of photography was simply to reproduce an observation so that others could share the same experience. It had never occurred to me that photography could expand our visual perception and therefore teach us to see the world anew.
What was the author's responsibility in David’s assignment
______________________________________________________________________________________
Why was David's image of a baby flounder the biggest surprise to the author
______________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Encountering a baby flounder while snorkeling deepened the author’s understanding that photography could reproduce an observation.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
What can help you see the world anew （In about 40 words）
_______________________________________________________________________________________
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲作者回忆自己年轻时协助摄影师 David Liittschwager 拍摄海洋生物的经历，通过 David 拍摄的鱼的照片，意识到摄影可以扩展视觉感知，让人重新看待世界。后来作者潜水时再次遇到小鱼，有了新的认知。
【40题详解】
考察细节理解。根据文章第二段“My role was to collect species for him to photograph.”可知作者的职责是为大卫收集物种供他拍摄。故答案为The author's responsibility was to collect species for David to photograph.
【41题详解】
考察细节理解。根据文章第四段“his photograph of this flounder revealed a universe of detail... And the black background removed all distractions to focus our attention on the quiet beauty at hand.”可知，大卫拍摄的照片揭示了作者错过的许多细节，展现了摄影的魅力，这让作者感到惊喜。故答案为Because it revealed a universe of detail that the author had missed and showed the magic of photography.
【42题详解】
考察细节理解。从最后一段可知，作者意识到摄影可以扩展我们的视觉感知，让我们重新看待世界，而不只是简单地再现一个观察结果。故答案为The part that is false is “photography could reproduce an observation”. The author came to realize that photography could expand our visual perception and teach us to see the world anew.
【43题详解】
开放题。要求考生谈谈自己将会如何利用考试焦虑来帮助自己更好地准备考试，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为Photography can help one see the world anew because it can expand our visual perception and teach us to observe and appreciate the world in a different way, revealing details and beauty that we might otherwise miss.
（二）
（2024届 . 北京西城区 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域内作答。
In a fast-paced world, where stress and mental tiredness seem commonplace, we’re constantly looking for new
ways to unwind. People may carry out a variety of activities to help them relax. But what about the birdsongs or other nature sounds Could they also help people to let go of the tensions of modern life
According to a study by King’s College London in 2022, seeing or hearing birds could help to boost the mental wellbeing of people. Taking a trip to places rich in birdlife like parks, forests and canals and encountering birds singing to each other in the trees could even help to treat some mental health conditions. And it’s not just birds that could have a curative effect on our moods. Another study conducted by the National Trust compared the effects of woodland sounds with voiced meditation (冥想) apps. The study found listening to birdsong as well as other woodland sounds like leaves crunching underfoot or the gentle flow of a stream boosted feelings of relaxation 30% more than the apps do. Other sounds which may help to cool people down are waves lapping on the shore, gentle wind, and light rainfall.
However, not all of us live in rural surroundings, and depending on where we live, a trip to the countryside to see birds may not be an option. But could the nature sounds that originate there still help you According to research by California Polytechnic State University, even a recording of the sounds of birds had a profound effect on people’s mood, while other studies saw people listening to soundscapes of the coast and forests with similar outcomes to their wellbeing.
So, wherever you live, you can access the wonderful sounds of birds and nature during a stroll through a wood or via some headphones. And maybe listening to the chirps, trills, warbles and whistles of some birds could help you to relax after a long, hard day.
40. What did the study by King’s College London in 2022 find
_____________________________________________________________________________________
41. How did the National Trust conduct the study
_____________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
According to the passage, birds singing, voiced meditation apps and the recording of the sounds of nature have the same effect on people’s mood.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
43. Besides what is mentioned in the passage, what do you usually do to help you relax in your daily life (In about 40 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. Seeing or hearing birds could help to boost the mental wellbeing of people.
41. They compared the effects of woodland sounds with voiced meditation apps.
42. According to the passage, birds singing, voiced meditation apps and the recording of the sounds of nature have the same effect on people’s mood. The study found listening to birdsong as well as other sounds of nature boosted feelings of relaxation 30% more than the apps do.
43. In addition to what is mentioned in the passage, I usually listen to music, do some simple exercises, or engage in hobbies such as reading and painting to help me relax in daily life.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了2022年伦敦国王学院的研究发现看到或听到鸟的声音有助于促进人们的心理健康。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及发现等。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“According to a study by King’s College London in 2022, seeing or hearing birds could help to boost the mental wellbeing of people.(根据伦敦国王学院2022年的一项研究，看到或听到鸟类有助于促进人们的心理健康)”可知，2022年伦敦国王学院的研究发现看到或听到鸟的声音有助于促进人们的心理健康。故答案为Seeing or hearing birds could help to boost the mental wellbeing of people.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Another study conducted by the National Trust compared the effects of woodland sounds with voiced meditation (冥想) apps.(国民信托组织进行的另一项研究比较了林地声音和语音冥想应用程序的影响)”可知，国民信托是比较了林地声音和有声冥想应用程序的效果来进行这项研究。故答案为They compared the effects of woodland sounds with voiced meditation apps.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“The study found listening to birdsong as well as other woodland sounds like leaves crunching underfoot or the gentle flow of a stream boosted feelings of relaxation 30% more than the apps do.(研究发现，听鸟鸣以及其他林地的声音，如脚下树叶的嘎吱声或溪流的轻柔流水声，比应用程序能让人放松30%)”可知，错误的部分为“have the same effect on people’s mood”，研究发现，听鸟鸣和其他自然声音能比应用程序多增加30%的放松感。故答案为
【43题详解】
考查开放题。根据“除了文中提到的，你在日常生活中通常做些什么来帮助你放松？”可回答：除了文章中提到的，我通常听音乐，做一些简单的练习，或从事爱好，如阅读和绘画，以帮助我放松在日常生活中。故
答案为In addition to what is mentioned in the passage, I usually listen to music, do some simple exercises, or engage in hobbies such as reading and painting to help me relax in daily life.
（三）
（2024届 . 北京东城区等五区 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域内作答。
In order to fit in and make friends in a new school, Amanda observed how her classmates behaved and interacted with each other. Gradually, she perfectly adopted the mannerisms of the classmates around her, laughing at their jokes, nodding in agreement with their opinions, hiding herself into someone she thought others wanted her to be. We’ve all done these. This is social masking, the process of holding back or hiding our natural way of interacting with others so we can feel accepted.
In a world that often tells us to just be ourselves, you might wonder why many of us rely on social masking. “Social masking happens because we as a species want to be included,” says psychologist Dipti Tait. “It’s a tribal (群体的) thing of being together rather than being on our own. We all have certain masks to protect ourselves from exposure and difference.” While masking can help us deal with social situations, it can also come with negative consequences. Hiding our behaviours and interests constantly can lead to a strong feeling of separation, disconnection, and internal conflict. As a result, we may experience a heightened and increased possibility of developing depression as westruggle to understand social situations and signs that others take for granted.
Fortunately, a mask is not our own skin. We may feel extremely tired after social engagements and want to spend time alone in order to feel like ourselves. “The goal is to feel safe enough to remove the mask,” says Tait. “It’s crucial for individuals to receive acceptance and support for who they are, rather than feeling like they need to hide their true selves in order to fit in.”
40. What is social masking
_____________________________________________________________
41. Why do many of us rely on social masking
_____________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
When people struggle to understand social situations that others consider normal, they will feel less depressed.
_____________________________________________________________
43. In addition to masking, what else can you do to fit in when you are in a new environment (In about 40 words)
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】40. It is the process of holding back or hiding your natural way of interacting with others so you can feel accepted.
41. Because we as a species want to be included./It’s a tribal thing of being together rather than being on our own./We all have certain masks to protect ourselves from exposure and difference./Because as a species everyone wants to be included rather than being on their own or being exposed and different.
42. When people struggle to understand social situations that others consider normal, they will feel less depressed.
When people struggle to understand social situations that others consider normal, they will feel less depressed. According to the passage, they will feel more depressed/they may experience a heightened and increased possibility of developing depression.
43. As a student, when I am in a new environment, I will try to interact with my classmates, which can make us know each other better. I will make myself clear because it is a sign of respect for others and myself. (开放题，言之有理即可)
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是“社会伪装”，其产生的原因以及带来的不良后果。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“This is social masking, the process of holding back or hiding our natural way of interacting with others so we can feel accepted. (这是一种社会伪装，是一种抑制或隐藏我们与他人互动的自然方式的过程，这样我们就能感到被接受)”可知，社会伪装是一种克制或隐藏你与他人互动的自然方式的过程，这样你就会感到被接受。故答案为：It is the process of holding back or hiding your natural way of interacting with others so you can feel accepted.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中““Social masking happens because we as a species want to be included,” says psychologist Dipti Tait. “It’s a tribal (群体的) thing of being together rather than being on our own. We all have certain masks to protect ourselves from exposure and difference.” (心理学家Dipti Tait说：“社会伪装之所以发生，是因为我们作为一个物种想要被包容。这是一个群体的的事情，我们在一起，而不是我们自己。我们都有一定的伪装来保护自己免受暴露和差异的影响。”)”可知，我们中的很多人都依赖社会伪装是因为我们想要被包容；因为我们是一个群体，而不是一个人；或者因为我们都有一定的伪装来保护自己免受暴露和差异的影响。故答案为：Because we as a species want to be included./It’s a tribal thing of being together rather than being on our own./We all have certain masks to protect ourselves from exposure and difference./Because as a species
everyone wants to be included rather than being on their own or being exposed and different.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“As a result, we may experience a heightened and increased possibility of developing depression as we struggle to understand social situations and signs that others take for granted. (因此，当我们努力理解别人认为理所当然的社会情境和迹象时，我们可能会经历更大的的患抑郁症的可能性)”可知，当人们努力理解别人认为理所当然的社会情境和迹象时，可能会经历严重的抑郁。因此句中错误部分为“they will feel less depressed”；根据文章可知，他们的情绪会更加低落。故答案为：When people struggle to understand social situations that others consider normal, they will feel less depressed. According to the passage, they will feel more depressed/they may experience a heightened and increased possibility of developing depression.
【43题详解】
开放性题目。答案符合逻辑即可，注意词数要求。例如，作为一名学生，当我在一个新的环境中，我会尝试与我的同学互动，这可以让我们更好地了解彼此。我会把自己的意思说清楚，因为这是一种尊重他人和尊重自己的表现。故答案可为：As a student, when I am in a new environment, I will try to interact with my classmates, which can make us know each other better. I will make myself clear because it is a sign of respect for others and myself.
（四）
（2024届 . 北京石景山区 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域内作答。
Winning a significant science award is a big deal, especially if you are 12 years old. But Marine Gill, a girl from Fresno, California, won the top award in the Scientific Junior Innovators Challenge (SIIC) for designing a fire detection system superior to existing ones.
Marine’s inspiration came from a fire that destroyed a restaurant in her neighbourhood during the spring of 2023. “I had never really experienced something like that before,” she told The Washington Post about the early morning fire, which started in the kitchen. “They had smoke detecting device(设备), and yet it still burned down.”
After she studied fire statistics, Marine spent over half a year developing a fire detection system that could have prevented the fire. Unlike traditional smoke detectors that sense active fires from the smoke in the air, Marine’s thermal(热的) imaging device is designed to stop fires from occurring.
With a thermal camera and a tiny computer, the device detects when a heat source has been left unattended for ten minutes and sends a text message warning. The hardest part was the programming. “I had two designs, and my first design completely failed. It was a really big challenge I had to go through,” she said. The final device
outperforms traditional smoke detectors in speed and accuracy. Marine wants to bring the costs down to make it even more common than hardwired smoke detectors.
“The top winners have , exhibited boundless possibility,” Maya Franklin, president of Society for Science, said in the press release. “Their remarkable research not only reflects their talent but also puts a stepping stone to an exciting new future.”
40. What design won Marine Gill the top award in the SJIC
______________________________________________________________
41. From where did Marine draw inspiration for the design
______________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Unlike traditional smoke detectors, Marine’s thermal imaging device is designed to sense active fires from the smoke in the air.
______________________________________________________________
43. What is the main quality that has made Marine a top winner Why (In about 40 words)
______________________________________________________________
【答案】40. A fire detection system
41. A fire that destroyed a restaurant
42. Unlike traditional smoke detectors, Marine’s thermal imaging device is designed to sense active fires from the smoke in the air.Marine’s thermal(热的) imaging device is designed to stop fires from occurring.
43. Determination and indomitable spirit .Because determination and indomitable spirit are the key to success.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了Marine Gill成功发明了一种优于现有的火灾探测系统的故事。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第一段“But Marine Gill, a girl from Fresno, California, won the top award in the Scientific Junior Innovators Challenge (SIIC) for designing a fire detection system superior to existing ones.”（但来自加州弗雷斯诺的女孩马琳·吉尔在科学少年创新者挑战赛(SIIC)中获得了最高奖项，她设计了一种优于现有的火灾探测系统。）可知，火灾探测系统使得Marine Gill赢得了SIIC最高奖项。故填A fire detection system。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第二段“Marine’s inspiration came from a fire that destroyed a restaurant in her
neighbourhood during the spring of 2023. ”（马琳的灵感来自于2023年春天，一场大火烧毁了她家附近的一家餐馆）可知，Marine灵感来源一场大火烧毁了一家餐馆。故填A fire that destroyed a restaurant。
【42题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第三段“Unlike traditional smoke detectors that sense active fires from the smoke in the air, Marine’s thermal(热的) imaging device is designed to stop fires from occurring.”（与传统的烟雾探测器从空气中的烟雾中感知活跃的火灾不同，Marine的热成像设备旨在阻止火灾的发生。）可知，传统的烟雾探测器从空气中的烟雾中感知活跃的火灾，而Marine的热成像设备旨在阻止火灾的发生。故填Unlike traditional smoke detectors, Marine’s thermal imaging device is designed to sense active fires from the smoke in the air.Marine’s thermal(热的) imaging device is designed to stop fires from occurring.
【43题详解】
开放性试题。根据倒数第二段“I had two designs, and my first design completely failed. It was a really big challenge I had to go through,” she said. The final device outperforms traditional smoke detectors in speed and accuracy”（我有两个设计，第一个完全失败了。这对我来说是一个巨大的挑战，”她说。最终的装置在速度和准确性上都优于传统的烟雾探测器）可知，是她坚强的意志和不服输的精神使她战胜了困难，赢得了最高奖项，因为坚强的意志和不服输的精神是成功的关键。故回答为Determination and indomitable spirit .Because determination and indomitable spirit are the key to success.
（五）
（2024届 . 北京房山区 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
As the saying goes, “time waits for no man”. Time is always against us, and we just can’t stop it. Maybe that’s why some of us are always running late for appointments. But if timekeeping is not what you’re good at, don’t stress. There might be a good reason for your lack of punctuality.
People’s attitudes to being on time vary. Some clock-watch and make sure they’re bang on time for a meeting. It is, after all, rude to be late, and if you can make it on time, why can’t everyone else But if, like me, you want to make every second count, you might try to squeeze as much as you can into the time you have available. However, when your schedule doesn’t run to plan, your punctuality inevitably slips.
People who lack promptness have been described as “time benders”. Author Grace Pacie told the BBC that “they’re the people who don’t want to be late, but they have a strange resistance to being early, and they don’t allow enough time.” They assume their journey to an appointment will always go smoothly, and the train will always be on time!
Perceptions of unpunctual people are almost always negative — even if sometimes wrong. Experts say: Being consistently late might not be your fault. It could be your type. The punctually-challenged often share personality characteristics, such as optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety, or a penchant for thrill-seeking. It is also possible people are late so not to be conspicuous and to avoid the anxious wait for others to turn up.
Maybe we latecomers should make more of an effort and follow the advice I heard to not “try” to be on time but “decide” to be on time
40. What does “time benders” refer to
_______________________________________________________________________________
41. What are the personality characteristics of time benders
_______________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
According to Grace Pacie, time benders don’t care about being late so they don’t allow enough time.
_______________________________________________________________________________
43. What do you usually do to be on time (In about 40 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. It refers to people who lack promptness./People who lack promptness have been described as “time benders”.
41. The characteristics such as optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety, or a penchant for thrill-seeking./They often share personality characteristics, such as optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety, or a penchant for thrill-seeking.
42. According to Grace Pacie, time benders don’t care about being late so they don’t allow enough time.
According to Grace Pacie, time benders don’t want to be late, but they have a strange resistance to being early, so they don’t allow enough time.
43. My method to be on time is making a clear schedule so that I can prepare in advance. Besides, I am used to allowing enough time in case something unexpected happens. Sometimes to get up early, I will set an alarm and check it before bedtime.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了也许迟到不是我们的错，并介绍了我们为什么会迟到。
【40题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据第三段“People who lack promptness have been described as “time benders”.(做事不及时的人被称为‘不守时的人’。)”可知，“不守时的人”是做事不及时的人。故答案为It refers to people who lack promptness./People who lack promptness have been described as “time benders”.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“The punctually-challenged often share personality characteristics, such as optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety, or a penchant for thrill-seeking.(不守时的人通常有共同的性格特征，比如乐观、自制力低、焦虑或喜欢寻求刺激。)”可知，“不守时的人”的性格特征是乐观、自我控制水平低、焦虑或寻求刺激的倾向。故答案为The characteristics such as optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety, or a penchant for thrill-seeking./They often share personality characteristics, such as optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety, or a penchant for thrill-seeking.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Author Grace Pacie told the BBC that “they’re the people who don’t want to be late, but they have a strange resistance to being early, and they don’t allow enough time.(作家Grace Pacie告诉BBC：‘他们是不想迟到的人，但他们对早到有一种奇怪的抗拒，他们不给自己足够的时间。’)”可知，不守时的人也不想迟到，但是他们对早到有一种奇怪的抗拒，所以他们不给自己足够的时间，“don’t care about being late”是错误的，故答案为According to Grace Pacie, time benders don’t care about being late so they don’t allow enough time. According to Grace Pacie, time benders don’t want to be late, but they have a strange resistance to being early, so they don’t allow enough time.
【43题详解】
考查推理判断。根据我自己的经验，我准时的方法是制定一个明确的时间表，这样我就可以提前做好准备。此外，我习惯留出足够的时间，以防意外发生。有时为了早起，我会设置闹钟并在睡觉前检查它。故答案为My method to be on time is making a clear schedule so that I can prepare in advance. Besides, I am used to allowing enough time in case something unexpected happens. Sometimes to get up early, I will set an alarm and check it before bedtime.
（六）
（2024届 . 北京延庆 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Anxiety is not deadly, because being able to feel anxious shows that our fight-or-flight system is operational, which is an indicator of brain and sensory health. Once we accept that being anxious is a normal part of life, we can use it to our benefit.
Anxiety can help build our emotional strength. If we want to build emotional strength, we need to face some degree of mental stress. Of course, unpleasant and abuse tend to cause more harm than good, but the experience of occasional anxiety, stress, and tension substantially increases our emotional courage.
Anxiety can increase your emotional connection. Clinical science has identified that sharing our anxieties with our loved ones is one of the most effective strategies to build connection. When my patients learn to open up and share their anxieties with their partners, they almost always report a greater sense of emotional connection.
Anxiety can help us rebalance. When we feel genuinely anxious because of stress, it’s our body’s way of telling us to rebalance. Nobody is truly limitless. When we pay attention to our internal cues and acknowledge our weaknesses, we emerge more focused and healthier overall and also less stressed and anxious.
Anxiety can be a healthy, helpful emotion that is a constructive aspect of human life. When it comes to occasional experience of anxiety, it can emotionally help boost our courage. It can also build up emotional connect ion when we express our sensitive feelings to others. And in the form of stress, it can serve as an internal indicator to remain balanced and healthy. Now it’s high time we started putting it to good use．
40. Why is anxiety not deadly
____________________________________________________________________________________________
41. When can anxiety increase our emotional connection
____________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why
When we pay attention to our internal cues and acknowledge our weaknesses, we emerge more focused and healthier overall and also more stressed and anxious．
____________________________________________________________________________________________
43. As a student, how do you make use of test anxiety to help you be better prepared for exams (In about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. Because being able to feel anxious shows that our fight-or-flight system is operational, which is an indicator of brain and sensory health.
41. When we share our anxieties with our loved ones.
42. When we pay attention to our internal cues and acknowledge our weaknesses, we emerge more focused and healthier overall and also more stressed and anxious.
Because according to the passage, when we pay attention to our internal cues and acknowledge our weaknesses, we emerge less stressed and anxious.
43. I can use test anxiety to motivate myself to study harder and be better prepared for exams by reminding myself of the importance of doing well and the consequences of not being prepared.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章就“焦虑”这一话题展开了论述，分析了焦虑的积极作用和如何利用焦虑。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Anxiety is not deadly, because being able to feel anxious shows that our fight-or-flight system is operational, which is an indicator of brain and sensory health.(焦虑并不是致命的，因为能够感到焦虑表明我们的战斗或逃跑系统在运作，这是大脑和感官健康的一个指标。)”可知，作者认为焦虑并不是致命的，因为能够感到焦虑表明我们的战斗或逃跑系统在运作，这是大脑和感官健康的一个指标。故答案为Because being able to feel anxious shows that our fight-or-flight system is operational, which is an indicator of brain and sensory health.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“Clinical science has identified that sharing our anxieties with our loved ones is one of the most effective strategies to build connection. When my patients learn to open up and share their anxieties with their partners, they almost always report a greater sense of emotional connection.(临床科学已经确定，与我们所爱的人分享我们的焦虑是建立联系的最有效策略之一。当我的病人学会敞开心扉，与伴侣分享他们的焦虑时，他们几乎总是报告一种更大的情感联系。)”可知，研究表明当我们与自己所爱的人分享焦虑时就可以建立更大的情感联系。故答案为When we share our anxieties with our loved ones.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“When we pay attention to our internal cues and acknowledge our weaknesses, we emerge more focused and healthier overall and also less stressed and anxious.(当我们注意到我们的内在暗示并承认我们的弱点时，我们会变得更加专注和健康，也会减少压力和焦虑。)”可知，当我们注意到我们的内在暗示并承认我们的弱点时，我们会变得更加专注和健康，也会减少压力和焦虑。由此可知，原句：When we pay attention to our internal cues and acknowledge our weaknesses, we emerge more focused and healthier overall and also more stressed and anxious.中的“and also more stressed and anxious”表述错误，应该是“and also less stressed and anxious.”。故答案为When we pay attention to our internal cues and acknowledge our weaknesses, we emerge more focused and healthier overall and also more stressed and anxious.
Because according to the passage, when we pay attention to our internal cues and acknowledge our weaknesses, we emerge less stressed and anxious.
【43题详解】
开放题。要求考生谈谈自己将会如何利用考试焦虑来帮助自己更好地准备考试，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为I can use test anxiety to motivate myself to study harder and be better prepared for exams by reminding myself of the importance of doing well and the consequences of not being prepared.
（七）
（2024届 . 北京门头沟 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
The first pairs of jeans were designed for blue-collar workers. Over the course of the 20th century, the working-class pants have transformed into fashion icons and become popular around the world. However, each new pair you buy has a much higher cost than you might think.
Every pair of jeans takes about 0.7 kilograms of cotton. Growing this much cotton requires roughly 10,000 liters of water, not to mention various herbicides and pesticides, which can pollute groundwater. Typically, plastic fibers are mixed with cotton threads to increase comfort and flexibility. In order to dye the cloth, chemical sprays and several cycles of acid-washing are adopted, discharging toxic pollutants into rivers and even turn them into indigo-blue. Also, there are the zippers, buttons, and rivets made of copper and other metals, whose mining is yet another source of environmental degradation. All in all, the manufacturing (制造) process for a single pair of jeans emits over 33 kilograms of carbon — the equivalent of driving over 110 kilometers.
Like many globally produced products, jeans are made in poor countries and bought in rich ones. Much of the world’s cotton is grown in developing countries, with poor labor practices and few protections for workers. Cotton here is often picked by children or forced labor. And their health may be threatened by poisonous chemicals during production. Because of the fast-paced and rough manufacturing with unnatural materials, today, most pairs last no longer than a year. Like most waste, discarded jeans end up in landfills, where their decomposition releases greenhouse gas. Some governments are pursuing policies to make companies more responsible for worker pay and welfare, but unsustainable practices still run crazy throughout the fashion industry.
40. Who may be the first consumers of jeans
____________________________________________________________________________________________
41. Why are plastic fibers used when pairs of jeans are made
____________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Jeans are made in poor countries, where workers’ health is well protected.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
43. What suggestions would you give to reduce the damage caused by jeans (In about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. Blue-collar workers.
41. Because they can increase comfort and flexibility./To increase comfort and flexibility.
42. Jeans are made in poor countries, where workers’ health is well protected.
According to the passage, their health may be threatened by poisonous chemicals during production.
43. Jeans should be made of organic cotton that doesn’t use fertilizers and pesticides, which has a smaller impact on the environment and human health. Second, manufacturer collect discarded jeans for recycling, such as manufacturing environmentally friendly shopping bags and other products.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了牛仔裤很受当代人欢迎，但制作牛仔裤过程会对环境产生破坏，牛仔裤在贫穷国家生产，这也对发展中国家的人民和环境有害，而废弃的牛仔裤分解后会释放出温室气体。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。由第一段中“The first pairs of jeans were designed for blue-collar workers. Over the course of the 20th century, the working-class pants have transformed into fashion icons (第一条牛仔裤是为蓝领工人设计的。在20世纪，工人阶级的裤子已经转变为时尚偶像)”可知，牛仔裤的第一批消费者是蓝领工人。故答案为：Blue-collar workers.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。由第二段中“Typically, plastic fibers are mixed with cotton threads to increase comfort and flexibility. (通常，塑料纤维与棉线混合以增加舒适度和灵活性)”可知，制作牛仔裤时要使用塑料纤维是因为它们可以增加舒适度和灵活性。故答案为：Because they can increase comfort and flexibility./To increase comfort and flexibility.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。由第三段中“Much of the world’s cotton is grown in developing countries, with poor labor practices and few protections for workers. (世界上大部分棉花种植在发展中国家，这些国家的劳动惯例很差，对工人的保护也很少)”和“And their health may be threatened by poisonous chemicals during production. (在生产过程中，他们的健康可能会受到有毒化学物质的威胁)”可知，贫穷国家对工人的保护很少，在生产过程中，他们的健康
可能会受到有毒化学物质的威胁，工人的健康得不到很好的保护，“workers’ health is well protected”错误。故答案为：Jeans are made in poor countries, where workers’ health is well protected. According to the passage, their health may be threatened by poisonous chemicals during production.
【43题详解】
考查开放答题。针对如何减少牛仔裤造成的环境伤害，我建议：牛仔裤应该由不使用化肥和杀虫剂的有机棉制成，这对环境和人类健康的影响较小。其次，制造商可以收集废弃的牛仔裤进行回收，例如制造环保购物袋和其他产品。故答案为：Jeans should be made of organic cotton that doesn’t use fertilizers and pesticides, which has a smaller impact on the environment and human health. Second, manufacturer collect discarded jeans for recycling, such as manufacturing environmentally friendly shopping bags and other products.2024年高考英语模拟试题分类汇编：阅读表达（北京专用)
（一）
（204届 . 北京海淀区 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域内作答。
As a kid, I dreamed of becoming a marine biologist and I lived out this fantasy by setting up aquariums （鱼缸）at home. Then, at 20, I was introduced to photographer David Liittschwager, who hired me to help him with a magazine assignment on marine life.
David’s assignment was to document the amazing biodiversity found in the ocean. My role was to collect species for him to photograph. Every night, I would cast a floating lamp. Like moths drawn to a flame, mysterious creatures would emerge from the depths in search of this light. I'd then set up aquariums to house them as they waited for David to take their shot.
Those evenings made me feel as if I were on another planet. I had never imagined such strange life-forms could exist in our oceans. But I didn't grasp the true magic of what was in front of me until I saw the photographs David took.
The biggest surprise was his image of a baby flounder. I caught this fish by accident. Only later did I notice its two tiny eyeballs staring back at me. But David's photograph of this flounder revealed a universe of detail that even my eager eyes had missed. His macro lens magnified its ribs. The lightning-fast exposure froze its motion. A precisely aimed light released the rainbow
hidden in its skin. And the black background removed all distractions to focus our attention on the quiet beauty at hand.
Years after that project, I was snorkeling （潜水）on a shallow reef. Out of the darkness, another baby flounder emerged and settled on my mask. This time I knew what to look for. Before working for David, I had assumed the goal of photography was simply to reproduce an observation so that others could share the same experience. It had never occurred to me that photography could expand our visual perception and therefore teach us to see the world anew.
What was the author's responsibility in David’s assignment
______________________________________________________________________________________
Why was David's image of a baby flounder the biggest surprise to the author
______________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Encountering a baby flounder while snorkeling deepened the author’s understanding that photography could reproduce an observation.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
What can help you see the world anew （In about 40 words）
_______________________________________________________________________________________
（二）
（2024届 . 北京西城区 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域内作答。
In a fast-paced world, where stress and mental tiredness seem commonplace, we’re constantly looking for new ways to unwind. People may carry out a variety of activities to help them relax. But what about the birdsongs or other nature sounds Could they also help people to let go of the tensions of modern life
According to a study by King’s College London in 2022, seeing or hearing birds could help to boost the mental wellbeing of people. Taking a trip to places rich in birdlife like parks, forests and canals and encountering birds singing to each other in the trees could even help to treat some mental health conditions. And it’s not just birds that could have a curative effect on our moods. Another study conducted by the National Trust compared the effects of woodland sounds with voiced meditation (冥想) apps. The study found listening to birdsong as well as other woodland sounds like leaves crunching underfoot or the gentle flow of a stream boosted feelings of relaxation 30% more than the apps do. Other sounds which may help to cool people down are waves lapping on the shore, gentle wind, and light rainfall.
However, not all of us live in rural surroundings, and depending on where we live, a trip to the countryside to see birds may not be an option. But could the nature sounds that originate there still help you According to research by California Polytechnic State University, even a recording of the sounds of birds had a profound effect on people’s mood, while other studies saw people listening to soundscapes of the coast and forests with similar outcomes to their wellbeing.
So, wherever you live, you can access the wonderful sounds of birds and nature during a stroll through a wood or via some headphones. And maybe listening to the chirps, trills, warbles and whistles of some birds could help you to relax after a long, hard day.
40. What did the study by King’s College London in 2022 find
_____________________________________________________________________________________
41. How did the National Trust conduct the study
_____________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
According to the passage, birds singing, voiced meditation apps and the recording of the sounds of nature have the same effect on people’s mood.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
43. Besides what is mentioned in the passage, what do you usually do to help you relax in your daily life (In about 40 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
（三）
（2024届 . 北京东城区等五区 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域内作答。
In order to fit in and make friends in a new school, Amanda observed how her classmates behaved and interacted with each other. Gradually, she perfectly adopted the mannerisms of the classmates around her, laughing at their jokes, nodding in agreement with their opinions, hiding herself into someone she thought others wanted her to be. We’ve all done these. This is social masking, the process of holding back or hiding our natural way of interacting with others so we can feel accepted.
In a world that often tells us to just be ourselves, you might wonder why many of us rely on social masking. “Social masking happens because we as a species want to be included,” says psychologist Dipti Tait. “It’s a tribal (群体的) thing of being together rather than being on our own. We all have certain masks to protect ourselves from exposure and difference.” While masking can help us deal with social situations, it can also come with negative consequences. Hiding our behaviours and interests constantly can lead to a strong feeling of separation, disconnection, and internal conflict. As a result, we may experience a heightened and increased possibility of developing depression as westruggle to understand social situations and signs that others take for granted.
Fortunately, a mask is not our own skin. We may feel extremely tired after social engagements and want to spend time alone in order to feel like ourselves. “The goal is to feel safe enough to remove the mask,” says Tait. “It’s crucial for individuals to receive acceptance and support for who they are, rather than feeling like they need to hide their true selves in order to fit in.”
40. What is social masking
_____________________________________________________________
41. Why do many of us rely on social masking
_____________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
When people struggle to understand social situations that others consider normal, they will feel less depressed.
_____________________________________________________________
43. In addition to masking, what else can you do to fit in when you are in a new environment (In about 40 words)
_____________________________________________________________
（四）
（2024届 . 北京石景山区 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域内作答。
Winning a significant science award is a big deal, especially if you are 12 years old. But Marine Gill, a girl from Fresno, California, won the top award in the Scientific Junior Innovators Challenge (SIIC) for designing a fire detection system superior to existing ones.
Marine’s inspiration came from a fire that destroyed a restaurant in her neighbourhood during the spring of 2023. “I had never really experienced something like that before,” she told The Washington Post about the early morning fire, which started in the kitchen. “They had smoke detecting device(设备), and yet it still burned down.”
After she studied fire statistics, Marine spent over half a year developing a fire detection system that could have prevented the fire. Unlike traditional smoke detectors that sense active fires from the smoke in the air, Marine’s thermal(热的) imaging device is designed to stop fires from occurring.
With a thermal camera and a tiny computer, the device detects when a heat source has been left unattended for ten minutes and sends a text message warning. The hardest part was the programming. “I had two designs, and my first design completely failed. It was a really big challenge I had to go through,” she said. The final device outperforms traditional smoke detectors in speed and accuracy. Marine wants to bring the costs down to make it even more common than hardwired smoke detectors.
“The top winners have , exhibited boundless possibility,” Maya Franklin, president of Society for Science, said in the press release. “Their remarkable research not only reflects their talent but also puts a stepping stone to an exciting new future.”
40. What design won Marine Gill the top award in the SJIC
______________________________________________________________
41. From where did Marine draw inspiration for the design
______________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Unlike traditional smoke detectors, Marine’s thermal imaging device is designed to sense active fires from the smoke in the air.
______________________________________________________________
43. What is the main quality that has made Marine a top winner Why (In about 40 words)
______________________________________________________________
（五）
（2024届 . 北京房山区 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
As the saying goes, “time waits for no man”. Time is always against us, and we just can’t stop it. Maybe that’s why some of us are always running late for appointments. But if timekeeping is not what you’re good at, don’t stress. There might be a good reason for your lack of punctuality.
People’s attitudes to being on time vary. Some clock-watch and make sure they’re bang on time for a meeting. It is, after all, rude to be late, and if you can make it on time, why can’t everyone else But if, like me, you want to make every second count, you might try to squeeze as much as you can into the time you have available. However, when your schedule doesn’t run to plan, your punctuality inevitably slips.
People who lack promptness have been described as “time benders”. Author Grace Pacie told the BBC that “they’re the people who don’t want to be late, but they have a strange resistance to being early, and they don’t allow enough time.” They assume their journey to an appointment will always go smoothly, and the train will always be on time!
Perceptions of unpunctual people are almost always negative — even if sometimes wrong. Experts say: Being consistently late might not be your fault. It could be your type. The punctually-challenged often share personality characteristics, such as optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety, or a penchant for thrill-seeking. It is also possible people are late so not to be conspicuous and to avoid the anxious wait for others to turn up.
Maybe we latecomers should make more of an effort and follow the advice I heard to not “try” to be on time but “decide” to be on time
40. What does “time benders” refer to
_______________________________________________________________________________
41. What are the personality characteristics of time benders
_______________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
According to Grace Pacie, time benders don’t care about being late so they don’t allow enough time.
_______________________________________________________________________________
43. What do you usually do to be on time (In about 40 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
（六）
（2024届 . 北京延庆 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Anxiety is not deadly, because being able to feel anxious shows that our fight-or-flight system is operational, which is an indicator of brain and sensory health. Once we accept that being anxious is a normal part of life, we can use it to our benefit.
Anxiety can help build our emotional strength. If we want to build emotional strength, we need to face some degree of mental stress. Of course, unpleasant and abuse tend to cause more harm than good, but the experience of occasional anxiety, stress, and tension substantially increases our emotional courage.
Anxiety can increase your emotional connection. Clinical science has identified that sharing our anxieties with our loved ones is one of the most effective strategies to build connection. When my patients learn to open up and share their anxieties with their partners, they almost always report a greater sense of emotional connection.
Anxiety can help us rebalance. When we feel genuinely anxious because of stress, it’s our body’s way of telling us to rebalance. Nobody is truly limitless. When we pay attention to our internal cues and acknowledge our weaknesses, we emerge more focused and healthier overall and also less stressed and anxious.
Anxiety can be a healthy, helpful emotion that is a constructive aspect of human life. When it comes to occasional experience of anxiety, it can emotionally help boost our courage. It can also build up emotional connect ion when we express our sensitive feelings to others. And in the form of stress, it can serve as an internal indicator to remain balanced and healthy. Now it’s high time we started putting it to good use．
40. Why is anxiety not deadly
____________________________________________________________________________________________
41. When can anxiety increase our emotional connection
____________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why
When we pay attention to our internal cues and acknowledge our weaknesses, we emerge more focused and healthier overall and also more stressed and anxious．
____________________________________________________________________________________________
43. As a student, how do you make use of test anxiety to help you be better prepared for exams (In about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
（七）
（2024届 . 北京门头沟 . 统考一模）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
The first pairs of jeans were designed for blue-collar workers. Over the course of the 20th century, the working-class pants have transformed into fashion icons and become popular around the world. However, each new pair you buy has a much higher cost than you might think.
Every pair of jeans takes about 0.7 kilograms of cotton. Growing this much cotton requires roughly 10,000 liters of water, not to mention various herbicides and pesticides, which can pollute groundwater. Typically, plastic fibers are mixed with cotton threads to increase comfort and flexibility. In order to dye the cloth, chemical sprays and several cycles of acid-washing are adopted, discharging toxic pollutants into rivers and even turn them into indigo-blue. Also, there are the zippers, buttons, and rivets made of copper and other metals, whose mining is yet another source of environmental degradation. All in all, the manufacturing (制造) process for a single pair of jeans emits over 33 kilograms of carbon — the equivalent of driving over 110 kilometers.
Like many globally produced products, jeans are made in poor countries and bought in rich ones. Much of the world’s cotton is grown in developing countries, with poor labor practices and few protections for workers. Cotton here is often picked by children or forced labor. And their health may be threatened by poisonous chemicals during production. Because of the fast-paced and rough manufacturing with unnatural materials, today, most pairs last no longer than a year. Like most waste, discarded jeans end up in landfills, where their decomposition releases greenhouse gas. Some governments are pursuing policies to make companies more responsible for worker pay and welfare, but unsustainable practices still run crazy throughout the fashion industry.
40. Who may be the first consumers of jeans
____________________________________________________________________________________________
41. Why are plastic fibers used when pairs of jeans are made
____________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Jeans are made in poor countries, where workers’ health is well protected.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
43. What suggestions would you give to reduce the damage caused by jeans (In about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
