2023-2024学年度第二学期
高一英语
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Upper Antelope Canyon Tours
Adventurous Antelope Canyon Tour
Price: From $108
Duration: 80 minutes
The tour starts at $108 per person, but cost an additional $11 if you want to visit during peak sunlight hours. Those 7 and younger are not permitted on the outings. This tour is not recommended for pregnant people.
Antelope Canyon Navajo Tour
Price: From $100
Duration: 1.5 hours
This Tour’ guides are local Navajo people. The company’s 1.5-hour sightseer tours of the Upper Canyon take place several times daily beginning at 7:30 a.m. Prices for these tours which include the park entrance fee, are approximately $100 per person. The company opens up online reservations one to two months in advance, so be sure to book early, as tickets sell out quickly.
Antelope Slot Canyon Tour
Price: Adults from $112; kids from $102
Duration: 1.5 hours
This Tour offers tours of the nearby Cathedral Canyon. Pricing ranges from $112 to $120 per person, depending on the time of day and popularity of the tour time. Discounted tickets are available for soldiers and children aged 6 to 12; children younger than 6 are not allowed.
Antelope Canyon X Taadidiin Tour
Price: Adults from $40; kids from $30
Duration: 1.5 hours
This Tour operates 1.5-hour small-group hikes through the canyon. A Hiking permit is required for visitors aged 8 and older. Photography lovers can sign up for Taadidiin’s Photo Tour, which spends three hours in the canyon and permits participants to bring a tripod and a camera bag. Additional fees are $125 per person.
21. What are you required to do if you want to make Antelope Canyon Navajo Tour
A. Pay much more money. B. Drive your own car.
C. Book tickets beforehand. D. Carry your hiking permit.
22. Which tour gives a discount to people who serve in the army
A. Antelope Canyon Navajo Tour. B. Antelope Slot Canyon Tour.
C. Antelope Canyon X Taadidiin Tour. D. Adventurous Antelope Canyon Tour.
23. How much will an adult photography lover pay if he chooses Taadidiin’s Photo Tour
A. $165. B. $ 40. C. $ 85. D. $125.
B
If you ask children the question, “Where does your food come from ” Their answer probably is “the kitchen” or “the grocery store”. Mahan Chandra Borah, a 41-year-old rice farmer, was concerned about this and aimed to educate young people about the importance of agriculture in his country.
“Hundreds of varieties of rice and other crops went extinct in India because of people’s unawareness and I wanted to do something about it,” Mahan says. The result was the formation of the Annapurna Rice Library — a center preserving native seeds and all things ‘rice’.
As a boy, Mahan was a curious reader. “I always had curiosity about things and wanted to get a PhD,” he recalls. Most of Mahan’s days were spent reading and helping his father out in the fields. “Working with him in the fields is how I learnt all I know about farming,” he says.
“Our family was humble. While I wanted to study more, the money was an issue,” he adds. Things became even harder when Mahan’s father passed away. “I was completing my graduation and was heartbroken. However, I also had to look after my family. Studying further was out of the question, so I decided to do agriculture like my father for a living,” he says.
Mahan could have decided to go for traditional farming, but instead, he decided to research alongside. “I went online to look for papers on farming and seed saving. For the library, I have 500 types of seeds preserved there,” he says. Mahan says his favorite rice variety is Bhao Dhan. It is very tough in nature and can adapt easily to the flood-prone (易发洪水的) nature of Assam. However, the lower yield (产量) per hectare has been the reason why the farmers do not prefer to grow the rice.
For the last 15 years, Mahan has operated his library on his own funds. “I run my household and maintain the library. Lack of funds has become an issue, but I am managing somehow and I am sure I will overcome the difficulties and keep it alive,” he says.
24. What inspired Mahan to set up the Annapurna Rice Library
A. The expectation from his father.
B. The lack of grain varieties in India.
C. The great demand for more native seeds.
D. The public ignorance of rice seed protection.
25. What can we learn about Mahan from the text
A. He came from a family rich enough.
B. He graduated from college with a PhD.
C. He dreamed to be an agricultural expert.
D. He learned about farming from his father.
26. Why does Mahan like Bhao Dhan
A. Its delicious taste.
B. Its high production.
C. Its growing popularity.
D. Its good adaptive ability.
27. Which of the following can best describe Mahan
A. Devoted and determined. B. Generous and easygoing.
C. Courageous and humorous. D. Sensitive and open-minded.
C
Have you ever observed how a family runs smoothly It’s the balance that plays a role in a family. But a family where there is too much chaos (混乱), argument, and one-sided communication has no balance. As a result, such a chaotic family suffers consequences like divorced parents, distances between children.
In the same way, nature needs balance, harmony and protection. You are already aware of the phrase — too much of everything is bad. That’s why the sensibility to bring balance in nature is every human’s responsibility.
The community of living species interacts with the environment’s non-living components in a healthy ecosystem. Rainfall, temperature, sunlight, soil, and water chemistry are the main examples of abiotic (无生命的) aspects of ecosystems that need to be in a stable manner.
To survive, plants need a certain combination of temperature, moisture, and soil chemistry. Protecting plants is also important because it provides food for the animals.
What you see above are the natural phenomena that have been happening since the beginning of the universe. That’s how nature has been functioning. But indulgent human activities in using natural resources has created poor habitation in the natural environment. In fact, here are the human actions that have broken the balance in nature for so many years now.
People cut down trees to make space for new companies owing to an increase in population, which has decreased the amount of oxygen in the air. Global warming has resulted in the melting of the ice caps, leading to rising sea levels and other natural disasters like cyclones and tsunamis. As a result of habitat loss, it is getting harder for species to survive.
To bring the Earth to its original form is impossible. But there is always a potential for bringing awareness. Hence, if the above human activities are lessened or changed with recycling activities, the next generation can still live a healthy life.
28. Why is a chaotic family mentioned in paragraph 1
A. To bring up a new topic.
B. To come to a conclusion.
C To complain about family chaos.
D. To admire the balance of a family.
29. How do we keep the balance of nature
A. Limit human activities to the fullest.
B. Control a certain amount of everything.
C. Don’t cut down trees for new companies.
D. Don’t use energy for economic development.
30. Which does the underlined word “indulgent” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Responsible. B. Controlled. C. Romantic. D. Unlimited.
31. What’s the author’s attitude towards the future of the Earth
A. Worried. B. Doubtful. C. Confident. D. Uncertain.
D
Three paralysed (瘫痪的) men, who were told they would spend the rest of their lives in a wheelchair, are able to walk again, thanks to an electrical device, which was placed around the men’s spines (脊柱) and boosted signals from their brains to their legs.
The first patient to be treated was 30-year-old Swiss man David M’zee, who suffered a severe spinal injury several years ago in a sporting accident. David’s doctor said he would never walk again. However, thanks to the electrical device developed by a team at a public research university in Lausanne, Switzerland, he agreed to take part in a trial led by Dr. Courtine at the university.
“I came with my daughter, Charlotte, who was one month old at the time. As we approached David, he looked her in the eye and said, ‘I will walk before you,’” Dr Courtine recalls. “When Charlotte took her first step she was 14 months old, by which time David was walking by Lake Geneva. He said to her, ‘I have beaten you.’”
David can now walk up to eight paces when the device is switched off and this is the first time that this has been recorded in a chronic (慢性的) spinal injury. However, out of the lab, in the real world, it is hard for David to walk more than a few paces. The signals from the device soon become uncomfortable and so can’t be used all the time. The system is also expensive and not reliable enough to be used out of the laboratory for day-to-day use, so it’s far from a cure.
David is the first of three patients who have benefited from the first wave of the treatment. Two other men have also managed to walk again, to various degrees.
The researchers plan to begin larger trials in Europe and the US in the next few years. If these go well, the researchers are confident the system could become more widely available.
32. How does the electrical device help the paralysed walk again
A. By straightening the spines. B. By making the brains recover.
C. By signaling the legs to move. D. By making use of a wheelchair.
33. Why does Dr. Courtine mention his daughter
A. To point out David’s weakness. B. To explain David’s failure to walk.
C. To show the speed of David’s recovery. D. To prove his daughter’s athletic ability.
34. What is the problem with the device
A. It is hard for typical patients to operate. B. It is unreliable when used out of the lab.
C. It always makes patients uncomfortable. D. It sometimes sends wrong signals to legs.
35. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. The device can cure paralysis. B. The device has been widely used.
C. The device will be tested globally. D. The device has a potential market.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your carbon footprint is the amount of greenhouse gases that you produce as you live your life. In order to hold the global temperature rise to 2 C or less, everyone needs to average an annual carbon footprint of 1.87 tons by 2050. ____36____
Eat low on the food chain. This means eating mostly fruits, vegetables, grains, and beans. Meat and dairy is responsible for 14.5 percent of man-made global greenhouse gas emissions. ____37____ If you have no meat or dairy every day, you can reduce your carbon footprint by 8 pounds.
____38____ Fashionable, cheap items go out of style quickly and get dumped in landfills where they produce methane (甲烷) as they decompose. Currently, the average American gets rid of about 80 pounds of clothing annually. In addition, most fast fashion comes from Asia, so shipping it to the U.S. requires the use of fossil fuels.
Use low energy appliances. Replace traditional light bulbs with LED ones. Though LEDs cost more, they use a quarter of the energy and last up to 25 times longer. Make energy efficiency a primary consideration when choosing a new microwave, air conditioning unit, dishwasher, or refrigerator. ____39____
Choose green travel. An average car produces about five tons of carbon each year. ____40____Take public buses, carpool, or bike to your destination when possible. This not only reduces CO emissions, it also lessens traffic jams.
A. Don’t buy fast fashion.
B. Never choose quality clothing.
C. But people ignore this serious problem.
D. Making changes in transport matters much.
E. Here are ways to reduce your carbon footprint.
F. They are mainly from food production and processing.
G. Products with the ENERGY STAR sign have better efficiency.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ghanim Al-Muftah was born on 5th May 2002 in Qatar. Due to a rare disease, he was born without legs. He has to go through many operations every year.
At a young age, the boy became a(n) ____41____ for not just kids but even for adults. In medical cases as serious as his, there are few chances of ____42____. He showed extraordinary strength and willpower, which not only helped him live a ____43____ life but helped him go beyond majority of the children of his age.
He is not just a boy who survived a terrible physical disability, but he ____44____ difficulties and behaved excellently in his life. Ghanim ____45____ millions of people through his Twitter and Instagram. According to him, social media is a very ____46____ platform. Social media is what helps him spread his message and ____47____ the world that disability is simply an excuse for not performing to the full potential.
He is an example for the world and especially for those ____48____ with physical disabilities. Ghanim did not make his disability an excuse to ____49____. Rather he used his weakness to develop a strong ____50____. A surprising fact about Ghanim is that he is fond of sports and actively ____51____ in swimming, skateboarding, and ice hockey.
The world can learn a great deal from the young boy. At his young age, he was able to ____52____
what physically fit individuals fail to achieve in their ____53____ lives. He is an epitome (典范) of strength and ____54____ who teaches the world that nothing is big enough to ____55____ someone from living the life of their dreams.
41. A. defence B. trick C. inspiration D. riddle
42. A. death B. survival C. growth D. injury
43. A. busy B. tough C. painful D. normal
44. A. took out B. built up C. got over D. broke down
45. A. influences B. defeats C. confuses D. hurts
46 A. traditional B. remote C. important D. boring
47. A. shows B. cheats C. awakens D. promotes
48. A. working B. struggling C. cooperating D. communicating
49. A. pull up B. hold on C. give up D. move on
50. A. feeling B. desire C. feature D. personality
51. A. takes B. breaks C. participates D. throws
52. A. achieve B. understand C. doubt D. enjoy
53. A. previous B. future C. particular D. entire
54 A. health B. courage C. strategy D. image
55. A. prevent B. save C. protect D. tell
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
No culture in the world has produced a longer continuous tradition of garden design than ___56___of China. Originally, a typical Chinese garden merely___57___(consist) of useful trees planted with the walls around a farmhouse.
In a Chinese garden, a strong belief ___58___ a sense of unity with nature is required. The concept of its ___59___(compose) is to "bring out the rhythm of nature." It is a place ___60___ visitors can appreciate the classic beauty with an educated mind and eye.
Plants are not essential to the integrity of a Chinese garden. Rocks and water come first,___61___(follow) by architecture, plants, trees and flowers. To the Chinese, their associations were far ___62___ (important) than looks. Bamboo, which bends in the wind and doesn't break, symbolizes___63___ honorable man.
Irregularity of design is the key to the success of a garden. Just as all other art forms in the Chinese culture ___64___ (affect) by Confucianism or Daoism, two main ____65____(philosophy) in China, so has the Chinese garden. This is reflected in the importance placed on its siting.
第四部分 基础语言运用(共三节，满分 25 分)
第一节（每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）
选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子。有两个单词为多余词。
power variety donate overcome request charge expand
66. ______________ with emotion, she found herself unable to speak for a few minutes.
67. The hotel ______________ its business by adding a swimming pool last year.
68. The paper ______________ her with using the company’s money for her own purposes.
69. They received hundreds of ______________ for more information.
70. The article was about the different ______________ of Spanish spoken in South America.
第二节（每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
根据句意和所给汉语提示，用适当的英文短语完成句子。
71. Dance is a universal language and it has the power to _______ (分解) the difficulty of language and culture. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
72. Delays could _______ (使发生) further problems. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
73. A wonderful idea _______(被想到) me that day when I met with a tough problem. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
74. People ______ ______ ______ ______(想当然地认为) that men are stronger than women. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
75. Internet shopping will really _______(迅速流行) when people make sure that it is safe. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
76. My suggestion is that we try to _______(削减) production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
77. They _______(提出) a lot of plans at the meeting, none of them carried out in their work. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
78. She was determined to become a professor and her efforts finally ______ ______(得到回报，达到目的) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
79. ______ ______ ______ ______(反复试验), the scientist finally found out how it worked. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
80. Therefore, ______ ______ ______ ______(在一定程度上), this research showed the relationship between diet and cancer. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
第三节（每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
81. The Amazon rainforest _______(breath) life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen. (所给词的适当形式填空)
82. Then heavy industry factories moved in, and things became_________ (entire) different. (所给词的适当形式填空)
83. After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and _______(hug) each other. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
84. His classic novel The Last Days of Pompeii imagines life in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii in the year 79, when Mount Vesuvius _______(erupt). (用所给词的适当形式填空)
85. With all sorts of communication software, physical distance no longer gets _______ the way. (用适当的词填空)
86. _______(slide) into the habit was easy, but it was difficult to quit the habit. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
87. Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of ________ (survive). (所给词的适当形式填空)
88. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______(tell) the film stars had left. (所给词的适当形式填空)
89. The park was full of people, _________(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.(所给词的适当形式填空)
90. It was cold, and she had the fire ________(burn) day and night. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
第五部分 写作 (共两节；满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
91. 为了号召更多的人向雷锋学习，你校上个月组织了一次社区服务活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 参加人员；
2. 活动过程；
3. 活动感想。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Community Service Activity
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023-2024学年度第二学期
高一英语
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Upper Antelope Canyon Tours
Adventurous Antelope Canyon Tour
Price: From $108
Duration: 80 minutes
The tour starts at $108 per person, but cost an additional $11 if you want to visit during peak sunlight hours. Those 7 and younger are not permitted on the outings. This tour is not recommended for pregnant people.
Antelope Canyon Navajo Tour
Price: From $100
Duration: 1.5 hours
This Tour’ guides are local Navajo people. The company’s 1.5-hour sightseer tours of the Upper Canyon take place several times daily beginning at 7:30 a.m. Prices for these tours, which include the park entrance fee, are approximately $100 per person. The company opens up online reservations one to two months in advance, so be sure to book early, as tickets sell out quickly.
Antelope Slot Canyon Tour
Price: Adults from $112; kids from $102
Duration: 1.5 hours
This Tour offers tours of the nearby Cathedral Canyon. Pricing ranges from $112 to $120 per person, depending on the time of day and popularity of the tour time. Discounted tickets are available for soldiers and children aged 6 to 12; children younger than 6 are not allowed.
Antelope Canyon X Taadidiin Tour
Price: Adults from $40; kids from $30
Duration: 1.5 hours
This Tour operates 1.5-hour small-group hikes through the canyon. A Hiking permit is required for visitors aged 8 and older. Photography lovers can sign up for Taadidiin’s Photo Tour, which spends three hours in the canyon and permits participants to bring a tripod and a camera bag. Additional fees are $125 per person.
21. What are you required to do if you want to make Antelope Canyon Navajo Tour
A. Pay much more money. B. Drive your own car.
C. Book tickets beforehand. D. Carry your hiking permit.
22. Which tour gives a discount to people who serve in the army
A. Antelope Canyon Navajo Tour. B. Antelope Slot Canyon Tour.
C. Antelope Canyon X Taadidiin Tour. D. Adventurous Antelope Canyon Tour.
23. How much will an adult photography lover pay if he chooses Taadidiin’s Photo Tour
A. $165. B. $ 40. C. $ 85. D. $125.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个上羚羊峡谷旅游项目的价格、时长、特色及预订要求，为游客提供了不同的游览选择和注意事项。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Antelope Canyon Navajo Tour标题下的“The company opens up online reservations one to two months in advance, so be sure to book early, as tickets sell out quickly.(该公司提前一到两个月开放在线预订，因此一定要提前预订，因为门票很快就会售罄)”可知，为了参加Antelope Canyon Navajo Tour，你需要提前订票。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Antelope Slot Canyon Tour标题下的“Discounted tickets are available for soldiers and children aged 6 to 12; (士兵和6至12岁的儿童可享受折扣票)”可知，Antelope Slot Canyon Tour为军人和6至12岁的儿童提供折扣票。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Antelope Canyon X Taadidiin Tour标题下的“Price: Adults from $40; kids from $30(价格：成人40美元起；30美元起的儿童)”以及“Photography lovers can sign up for Taadidiin’s Photo Tour, which spends three hours in the canyon and permits participants to bring a tripod and a camera bag. Additional fees are $125 per person.(摄影爱好者可以报名参加Taadidiin的摄影之旅，在峡谷中度过三个小时，参与者可以携带三脚架和相机包。额外费用为每人125美元)”可知，除了基础费用外，摄影爱好者还需支付额外的125。因此，如果一个成人摄影爱好者选择此行程，他将支付基础费用40，加上额外费用125，总共是165。故选A。
B
If you ask children the question, “Where does your food come from ” Their answer probably is “the kitchen” or “the grocery store”. Mahan Chandra Borah, a 41-year-old rice farmer, was concerned about this and aimed to educate young people about the importance of agriculture in his country.
“Hundreds of varieties of rice and other crops went extinct in India because of people’s unawareness and I wanted to do something about it,” Mahan says. The result was the formation of the Annapurna Rice Library — a center preserving native seeds and all things ‘rice’.
As a boy, Mahan was a curious reader. “I always had curiosity about things and wanted to get a PhD,” he recalls. Most of Mahan’s days were spent reading and helping his father out in the fields. “Working with him in the fields is how I learnt all I know about farming,” he says.
“Our family was humble. While I wanted to study more, the money was an issue,” he adds. Things became even harder when Mahan’s father passed away. “I was completing my graduation and was heartbroken. However, I also had to look after my family. Studying further was out of the question, so I decided to do agriculture like my father for a living,” he says.
Mahan could have decided to go for traditional farming, but instead, he decided to research alongside. “I went online to look for papers on farming and seed saving. For the library, I have 500 types of seeds preserved there,” he says. Mahan says his favorite rice variety is Bhao Dhan. It is very tough in nature and can adapt easily to the flood-prone (易发洪水) nature of Assam. However, the lower yield (产量) per hectare has been the reason why the farmers do not prefer to grow the rice.
For the last 15 years, Mahan has operated his library on his own funds. “I run my household and maintain the library. Lack of funds has become an issue, but I am managing somehow and I am sure I will overcome the difficulties and keep it alive,” he says.
24. What inspired Mahan to set up the Annapurna Rice Library
A. The expectation from his father.
B. The lack of grain varieties in India.
C. The great demand for more native seeds.
D. The public ignorance of rice seed protection.
25. What can we learn about Mahan from the text
A. He came from a family rich enough.
B. He graduated from college with a PhD.
C. He dreamed to be an agricultural expert.
D. He learned about farming from his father.
26. Why does Mahan like Bhao Dhan
A. Its delicious taste.
B. Its high production.
C. Its growing popularity.
D. Its good adaptive ability.
27. Which of the following can best describe Mahan
A. Devoted and determined. B. Generous and easygoing.
C Courageous and humorous. D. Sensitive and open-minded.
【答案】24. D 25. D 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了印度农民Mahan Chandra Borah设立Annapurna稻米图书馆，旨在教育年轻人农业的重要性，并保存本土稻米种子的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Mahan Chandra Borah, a 41-year-old rice farmer, was concerned about this and aimed to educate young people about the importance of agriculture in his country.(41岁的水稻种植户Mahan Chandra Borah对此表示担忧，并旨在教育年轻人了解农业在他的国家的重要性)”以及第二段的““Hundreds of varieties of rice and other crops went extinct in India because of people’s unawareness and I wanted to do something about it,” Mahan says.(Mahan 说：“由于人们的无知，印度数百种水稻和其他作物灭绝了，我想为此做点什么。”)”可知，Mahan建立Annapurna稻米图书馆的灵感来源于公众对于稻米种子保护的无知导致了许多稻米和其他作物品种的灭绝。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Most of Mahan’s days were spent reading and helping his father out in the fields. “Working with him in the fields is how I learnt all I know about farming,” he says.(Mahan的大部分时间都花在阅读和帮助他父亲在田地里劳作。他说：“和他一起在田里干活是我学到农业知识的方式。”)”可知，Mahan是从他的父亲那里学习到了有关农业的知识。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Mahan says his favorite rice variety is Bhao Dhan . It is very tough in nature and can adapt easily to the flood-prone (易发洪水的) nature of Assam. (Mahan说他最喜欢的水稻品种是Bhao Dhan。它的性质非常坚韧，可以很容易地适应阿萨姆邦容易发生洪水的自然环境)”可知，他喜欢Bhao Dhan是因为它具有很好的适应能力，能很好地适应阿萨姆邦易发洪水的环境。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的““I run my household and maintain the library. Lack of funds has become an issue, but I am managing somehow and I am sure I will overcome the difficulties and keep it alive,” he says.(他说：“我管理着我的家庭，维护着图书馆。资金短缺已经成为一个问题，但我正在设法管理，我相信我会克服困难，让它活下去。”)”以及全文对Mahan的描述可知，Mahan Chandra Borah设立Annapurna稻米图书馆，旨在教育年轻人农业的重要性，并保存本土稻米种子，尤其是他在面对资金短缺的情况下仍然坚持运营图书馆，可以看出他既甘于奉献又意志坚定。故选A。
C
Have you ever observed how a family runs smoothly It’s the balance that plays a role in a family. But a family where there is too much chaos (混乱), argument, and one-sided communication has no balance. As a result, such a chaotic family suffers consequences like divorced parents, distances between children.
In the same way, nature needs balance, harmony and protection. You are already aware of the phrase — too much of everything is bad. That’s why the sensibility to bring balance in nature is every human’s responsibility.
The community of living species interacts with the environment’s non-living components in a healthy ecosystem. Rainfall, temperature, sunlight, soil, and water chemistry are the main examples of abiotic (无生命的) aspects of ecosystems that need to be in a stable manner.
To survive, plants need a certain combination of temperature, moisture, and soil chemistry. Protecting plants is also important because it provides food for the animals.
What you see above are the natural phenomena that have been happening since the beginning of the universe. That’s how nature has been functioning. But indulgent human activities in using natural resources has created poor habitation in the natural environment. In fact, here are the human actions that have broken the balance in nature for so many years now.
People cut down trees to make space for new companies owing to an increase in population, which has decreased the amount of oxygen in the air. Global warming has resulted in the melting of the ice caps, leading to rising sea levels and other natural disasters like cyclones and tsunamis. As a result of habitat loss, it is getting harder for species to survive.
To bring the Earth to its original form is impossible. But there is always a potential for bringing awareness. Hence, if the above human activities are lessened or changed with recycling activities, the next generation can still live a healthy life.
28. Why is a chaotic family mentioned in paragraph 1
A. To bring up a new topic.
B. To come to a conclusion.
C. To complain about family chaos.
D. To admire the balance of a family.
29. How do we keep the balance of nature
A. Limit human activities to the fullest.
B. Control a certain amount of everything.
C. Don’t cut down trees for new companies.
D. Don’t use energy for economic development.
30. Which does the underlined word “indulgent” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Responsible. B. Controlled. C. Romantic. D. Unlimited.
31. What’s the author’s attitude towards the future of the Earth
A. Worried. B. Doubtful. C. Confident. D. Uncertain.
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然界需要平衡和谐，人类活动破坏了这一平衡，导致环境问题频发，但通过增强意识和改变行为，仍有望为后代恢复地球健康状态。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“It’s the balance that plays a role in a family. But a family where there is too much chaos (混乱), argument, and one-sided communication has no balance. As a result, such a chaotic family suffers consequences like divorced parents, distances between children.(平衡在家庭中起着重要作用。但是，一个有太多混乱、争论和片面沟通的家庭是不平衡的。因此，这样一个混乱的家庭会受到父母离异、孩子之间距离遥远等后果的影响)”以及第二段的“In the same way, nature needs balance, harmony and protection. (同样，自然也需要平衡、和谐和保护)”可知，自然和家庭一样，需要平衡，和谐和保护，而本文主要介绍了自然界需要平衡和谐，人类活动破坏了这一平衡，导致环境问题频发，但通过增强意识和改变行为，仍有望为后代恢复地球健康状态。由此推知，第一段提到的一个混乱的家庭是为了引出本篇文章的主题。故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“People cut down trees to make space for new companies owing to an increase in population, which has decreased the amount of oxygen in the air. Global warming has resulted in the melting of the ice caps, leading to rising sea levels and other natural disasters like cyclones and tsunamis. As a result of habitat loss, it is getting harder for species to survive. (由于人口的增加，空气中的氧气量减少，人们砍伐树木为新公司腾出空间。全球变暖导致冰盖融化，导致海平面上升和其他自然灾害，如飓风和海啸。由于栖息地的丧失，物种的生存变得越来越困难)”以及最后一段“To bring the Earth to its original form is impossible. But there is always a potential for bringing awareness. Hence, if the above human activities are lessened or changed with recycling activities, the next generation can still live a healthy life.(使地球恢复原状是不可能的。但总有可能引起人们的注意。因此，如果上述人类活动减少或随着回收活动而改变，下一代仍然可以过上健康的生活)”可知，自然界的平衡需要控制和维持，要减少人类过度开发和利用自然资源的活动。由此推知，想要保持自然平衡的观念，需要合理控制各种资源的使用量。故选B。
【30题详解】
此句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“What you see above are the natural phenomena that have been happening since the beginning of the universe. That’s how nature has been functioning.(这就是大自然的运作方式)”以及下文“In fact, here are the human actions that have broken the balance in nature for so many years now.(事实上，这些是多年来破坏自然界平衡的人类行为)”可知，大自然在平衡和谐中运行，但是不被限制的人类活动破坏了自然界的平衡。由此可知，划线单词意思为“无限制的，放纵的”。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“To bring the Earth to its original form is impossible. But there is always a potential for bringing awareness. Hence, if the above human activities are lessened or changed with recycling activities, the next generation can still live a healthy life.(使地球恢复原状是不可能的。但总有可能引起人们的注意。因此，如果上述人类活动减少或随着回收活动而改变，下一代仍然可以过上健康的生活)”可推知，尽管恢复地球原貌不可能，但作者对于通过提高意识和改变行为来保障下一代健康生活的可能性持积极态度，因此是自信的。故选C。
D
Three paralysed (瘫痪的) men, who were told they would spend the rest of their lives in a wheelchair, are able to walk again, thanks to an electrical device, which was placed around the men’s spines (脊柱) and boosted signals from their brains to their legs.
The first patient to be treated was 30-year-old Swiss man David M’zee, who suffered a severe spinal injury several years ago in a sporting accident. David’s doctor said he would never walk again. However, thanks to the electrical device developed by a team at a public research university in Lausanne, Switzerland, he agreed to take part in a trial led by Dr. Courtine at the university.
“I came with my daughter, Charlotte, who was one month old at the time. As we approached David, he looked her in the eye and said, ‘I will walk before you,’” Dr Courtine recalls. “When Charlotte took her first step she was 14 months old, by which time David was walking by Lake Geneva. He said to her, ‘I have beaten you.’”
David can now walk up to eight paces when the device is switched off and this is the first time that this has been recorded in a chronic (慢性的) spinal injury. However, out of the lab, in the real world, it is hard for David to walk more than a few paces. The signals from the device soon become uncomfortable and so can’t be used all the time. The system is also expensive and not reliable enough to be used out of the laboratory for day-to-day use, so it’s far from a cure.
David is the first of three patients who have benefited from the first wave of the treatment. Two other men have also managed to walk again, to various degrees.
The researchers plan to begin larger trials in Europe and the US in the next few years. If these go well, the researchers are confident the system could become more widely available.
32. How does the electrical device help the paralysed walk again
A. By straightening the spines. B. By making the brains recover.
C. By signaling the legs to move. D. By making use of a wheelchair.
33. Why does Dr. Courtine mention his daughter
A. To point out David’s weakness. B. To explain David’s failure to walk.
C. To show the speed of David’s recovery. D. To prove his daughter’s athletic ability.
34. What is the problem with the device
A. It is hard for typical patients to operate. B. It is unreliable when used out of the lab.
C. It always makes patients uncomfortable. D. It sometimes sends wrong signals to legs.
35. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A The device can cure paralysis. B. The device has been widely used.
C. The device will be tested globally. D. The device has a potential market.
【答案】32. C 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种新型的电子设备如何帮助瘫痪患者恢复行走能力，以及这项技术的现状和未来展望。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“thanks to an electrical device, which was placed around the men’s spines (脊柱) and boosted signals from their brains to their legs. (多亏了一个电子设备，它被放置在患者的脊柱周围，并增强了大脑到腿部的信号。)”可知，这个电子设备是对腿部发出信号，支持腿活动， C项“通过指示腿部移动”符合题意。故选C项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“he looked her in the eye and said, ‘I will walk before you,’ 他看着她的眼睛说，“我会在你之前走路。”)”以及“by which time David was walking by Lake Geneva. He said to her, ‘I have beaten you.’ (到那时，David已经在日内瓦湖边走路了。他对她说，“我已经打败了你。”)”可知，Dr. Courtine列举他女儿作为例子的原因是为了展示David的康复速度，C项“展示David恢复的速度”符合题意。故选C项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The signals from the device soon become uncomfortable and so can’t be used all the time. (设备发出的信号很快就会变得不舒服，所以不能一直使用。)”和“The system is also expensive and not reliable enough to be used out of the laboratory for day-to-day use(这个系统也很昂贵，并且不够可靠，不能在实验室外日常使用)”可知，这表明设备在实验室外使用时存在可靠性问题。B项“在实验室外使用时不可靠”符合题意。故选B项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers plan to begin larger trials in Europe and the US in the next few years. If these go well, the researchers are confident the system could become more widely available. (研究人员计划在未来几年在欧洲和美国开始更大规模的试验。如果这些试验进展顺利，研究人员相信这项系统可能会更广泛地得到应用。)”可知，这项设备具有潜在的市场前景。D项“设备具有潜在市场”符合题意。故选D项。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your carbon footprint is the amount of greenhouse gases that you produce as you live your life. In order to hold the global temperature rise to 2 C or less, everyone needs to average an annual carbon footprint of 1.87 tons by 2050. ____36____
Eat low on the food chain. This means eating mostly fruits, vegetables, grains, and beans. Meat and dairy is responsible for 14.5 percent of man-made global greenhouse gas emissions. ____37____ If you have no meat or dairy every day, you can reduce your carbon footprint by 8 pounds.
____38____ Fashionable, cheap items go out of style quickly and get dumped in landfills where they produce methane (甲烷) as they decompose. Currently, the average American gets rid of about 80 pounds of clothing annually. In addition, most fast fashion comes from Asia, so shipping it to the U.S. requires the use of fossil fuels.
Use low energy appliances. Replace traditional light bulbs with LED ones. Though LEDs cost more, they use a quarter of the energy and last up to 25 times longer. Make energy efficiency a primary consideration when choosing a new microwave, air conditioning unit, dishwasher, or refrigerator. ____39____
Choose green travel. An average car produces about five tons of carbon each year. ____40____Take public buses, carpool, or bike to your destination when possible. This not only reduces CO emissions, it also lessens traffic jams.
A. Don’t buy fast fashion.
B. Never choose quality clothing.
C. But people ignore this serious problem.
D. Making changes in transport matters much.
E. Here are ways to reduce your carbon footprint.
F. They are mainly from food production and processing.
G. Products with the ENERGY STAR sign have better efficiency.
【答案】36. E 37. F 38. A 39. G 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了减少个人碳足迹的方法，包括低食物链饮食、避免快时尚、使用节能电器、选择绿色出行方式，以应对全球变暖问题。
【36题详解】
根据上文“In order to hold the global temperature rise to 2 C or less, everyone needs to average an annual carbon footprint of 1.87 tons by 2050. (为了将全球气温上升控制在2摄氏度或以下，到2050年，每个人需要平均每年的碳足迹为1.87吨。)”可知，这是在介绍全球变暖问题和个人碳足迹的目标，所以正确答案是 E 以下是减少你的碳足迹的方法。)，承接上文碳足迹这一话题。故选E项。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Meat and dairy is responsible for 14.5 percent of man-made global greenhouse gas emissions. (肉类和乳制品占人造全球温室气体排放的14.5%。)”可知，肉类和乳制品对温室气体排放有显著影响，所以正确答案是 F (它们主要来自食品生产和加工。)，解释了肉类和乳制品对温室气体排放有很大影响的原因。故选F项。
【38题详解】
根据下文“Fashionable, cheap items go out of style quickly and get dumped in landfills where they produce methane (甲烷) as they decompose. (时尚便宜的商品很快就会过时，被丢弃在垃圾填埋场，在那里它们分解时会产生甲烷。)”可知，快时尚商品的快速更迭和对环境的影响，所以正确答案是 A (不要购买快时尚。)，下文解释了原因，故选A项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Make energy efficiency a primary consideration when choosing a new microwave, air conditioning unit, dishwasher, or refrigerator. (在选择新的微波炉、空调、洗碗机或冰箱时，应将能效作为主要考虑因素。)”可知，选择电器时应优先考虑能效，因此正确答案是 G (带有ENERGY STAR标志的产品效率更高。)，是对节能电器的举例说明，故选G项。
【40题详解】
根据上文“An average car produces about five tons of carbon each year. (一辆普通汽车每年大约产生五吨碳。)”可知，汽车对碳排放的贡献很大，所以正确答案是 D (改变交通方式非常重要。)，承接了上文交通方式这一话题，故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ghanim Al-Muftah was born on 5th May 2002 in Qatar. Due to a rare disease, he was born without legs. He has to go through many operations every year.
At a young age, the boy became a(n) ____41____ for not just kids but even for adults. In medical cases as serious as his, there are few chances of ____42____. He showed extraordinary strength and willpower, which not only helped him live a ____43____ life but helped him go beyond majority of the children of his age.
He is not just a boy who survived a terrible physical disability, but he ____44____ difficulties and behaved excellently in his life. Ghanim ____45____ millions of people through his Twitter and Instagram. According to him, social media is a very ____46____ platform. Social media is what helps him spread his message and ____47____ the world that disability is simply an excuse for not performing to the full potential.
He is an example for the world and especially for those ____48____ with physical disabilities. Ghanim did not make his disability an excuse to ____49____. Rather, he used his weakness to develop a strong ____50____. A surprising fact about Ghanim is that he is fond of sports and actively ____51____ in swimming, skateboarding, and ice hockey.
The world can learn a great deal from the young boy. At his young age, he was able to ____52____
what physically fit individuals fail to achieve in their ____53____ lives. He is an epitome (典范) of strength and ____54____ who teaches the world that nothing is big enough to ____55____ someone from living the life of their dreams.
41. A. defence B. trick C. inspiration D. riddle
42. A. death B. survival C. growth D. injury
43. A. busy B. tough C. painful D. normal
44. A. took out B. built up C. got over D. broke down
45. A. influences B. defeats C. confuses D. hurts
46. A. traditional B. remote C. important D. boring
47. A. shows B. cheats C. awakens D. promotes
48. A. working B. struggling C. cooperating D. communicating
49. A. pull up B. hold on C. give up D. move on
50. A. feeling B. desire C. feature D. personality
51. A. takes B. breaks C. participates D. throws
52. A. achieve B. understand C. doubt D. enjoy
53. A. previous B. future C. particular D. entire
54. A. health B. courage C. strategy D. image
55. A. prevent B. save C. protect D. tell
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了男孩Ghanim Al-Muftah生来就没有腿，但是他表现出非凡的力量和意志力，这不仅帮助他过上了正常的生活，而且帮助他超越了大多数同龄的孩子。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在很小的时候，这个男孩不仅成为了孩子们的偶像，甚至也成为了成年人的偶像。A. defence防御；B. trick诡计；C. inspiration灵感，启发灵感的人；D. riddle谜题。根据后文“He is an epitome of strength and courage who teaches the world that nothing is big enough to prevent someone from living the life of their dreams.(他是力量和勇气的缩影，他告诉这个世界，没有什么大到可以阻止一个人过自己梦想的生活)”可知，男孩鼓舞了很多人，是孩子和大人的偶像，故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在像他这样严重的病例中，几乎没有生存的机会。A. death死亡；B. survival幸存，生存；C. growth成长；D. injury受伤。根据上文“In medical cases as serious as his, there are few chances of”可知，这样严重的病情，几乎没有生存的机会。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他表现出非凡的力量和意志力，这不仅帮助他过上了正常的生活，而且帮助他超越了大多数同龄的孩子。A. busy忙碌的；B. tough艰难的；C. painful痛苦的；D. normal正常的。根据后文“life but helped him go beyond majority of the children of his age.”可知，他的力量和意志力不仅帮助他过上了正常的生活，而且帮助他超越了大多数同龄的孩子。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他不仅仅是一个从严重的身体残疾中幸存下来的男孩，而且他克服了困难，在他的生活中表现出色。A. took out拿出；B. built up建立；C. got over克服；D. broke down出故障。根据后文“difficulties”指克服困难，应用get over。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：加尼姆通过他的推特和Instagram影响着数百万人。A. influences影响；B. defeats击败；C. confuses使困惑；D. hurts伤害。根据后文“millions of people through his Twitter and Instagram”可知，此处表示通过社交媒体影响了很多人。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：据他说，社交媒体是一个非常重要的平台。A. traditional传统的；B. remote遥远的；C. important重要的；D. boring无聊的。根据后文“Social media is what helps him spread his message”可知，他认为社交媒体很重要。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：社交媒体帮助他传播他的信息，并向世界展示残疾只是一个没有充分发挥潜力的借口。A. shows展示；B. cheats欺骗；C. awakens唤醒；D. promotes促进。根据上文“Social media is what helps him spread his message”可知，社交媒体帮助他传播他的信息，并向世界展示残疾只是一个没有充分发挥潜力的借口。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是全世界的榜样，尤其是那些与身体残疾作斗争的人的榜样。A. working工作；B. struggling努力；C. cooperating合作；D. communicating交流。根据后文“with physical disabilities”可知，此处指与身体残疾作斗争。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：加尼姆并没有把自己的残疾作为放弃的借口。A. pull up停车；B. hold on坚持；C. give up放弃；D. move on继续。根据上文“Ghanim did not make his disability an excuse to”可知，加尼姆并没有把自己的残疾作为放弃的借口。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他利用自己的弱点来培养坚强的个性。A. feeling感觉；B. desire渴望；C. feature特点；D. personality个性。根据后文“He is an epitome of strength and”可知，他利用自己的弱点来培养坚强的个性。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：关于加尼姆的一个令人惊讶的事实是，他喜欢运动，并积极参加游泳、滑板和冰球。A. takes带走；B. breaks打破；C. participates参与；D. throws扔。根据上文“he is fond of sports and actively”可知，他喜欢运动，并积极参加游泳、滑板和冰球。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他年轻的时候，他能够做到身体健康的人一生都无法做到的事情。A. achieve实现；B. understand理解；C. doubt怀疑；D. enjoy欣赏。根据后文“what physically fit individuals fail to achieve”可知，此处指实现身体健康的人无法做到的事情。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他年轻时候，他能够做到身体健康的人一生都无法做到的事情。A. previous以前的；B. future未来；C. particular特定的；D. entire完全的。根据上文“physically fit individuals fail to achieve in their”可知，此处指身体健康的人的一生都无法做到的事情。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是力量和勇气的缩影，他告诉这个世界，没有什么大到可以阻止一个人过自己梦想的生活。A. health健康；B. courage勇气；C. strategy策略；D. image图片。根据上文“He showed extraordinary strength and willpower”可知，此处表示他是力量和勇气的缩影。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是力量和勇气的缩影，他告诉这个世界，没有什么大到可以阻止一个人过自己梦想的生活。A. prevent阻止；B. save挽救；C. protect保护；D. tell告诉。根据后文“someone from living the life of their dreams”可知，此处表示没有什么大到可以阻止一个人过自己梦想的生活，应用prevent from。故选A。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
No culture in the world has produced a longer continuous tradition of garden design than ___56___of China. Originally, a typical Chinese garden merely___57___(consist) of useful trees planted with the walls around a farmhouse.
In a Chinese garden, a strong belief ___58___ a sense of unity with nature is required. The concept of its ___59___(compose) is to "bring out the rhythm of nature." It is a place ___60___ visitors can appreciate the classic beauty with an educated mind and eye.
Plants are not essential to the integrity of a Chinese garden. Rocks and water come first,___61___(follow) by architecture, plants, trees and flowers. To the Chinese, their associations were far ___62___ (important) than looks. Bamboo, which bends in the wind and doesn't break, symbolizes___63___ honorable man.
Irregularity of design is the key to the success of a garden. Just as all other art forms in the Chinese culture ___64___ (affect) by Confucianism or Daoism, two main ____65____(philosophy) in China, so has the Chinese garden. This is reflected in the importance placed on its siting.
【答案】56. that
57. consisted
58. in position
60. where 61. followed
62. more important
63. an 64. have been affected
65. philosophies
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述中国园林设计传统及其受到的影响。
【56题详解】
考查代词。句意：世界上没有一种文化产生了比中国更悠久的园林设计传统。 分析句子可知此处是指代上文出现过的同类事物，指代tradition of garden design，应用that来指代。故填that。
【57题详解】
考查时态。句意：最初，一个典型的中国花园仅仅是由种植在农舍周围的有用的树木组成。根据分析句子及语意，可知设空处应为谓语，结合“Originally”及分析语意可知时态应为一般过去时。故填consisted。
【58题详解】
考查介词。句意：在中国园林中，需要有一种与自然融为一体的强烈信念。固定用法a belief in……，意为对……的信念。故填in。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：其设计的概念是“带出自然的节奏”。根据上文形容词性物主代词its可知，设空处应填名词，作of的宾语，表抽象意义，不可数故填composition。
【60题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是一个游客可以用受过教育的心灵和眼睛欣赏古典美的地方。此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词 place并在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。
【61题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：岩石和水是第一位的，其次是建筑、植物、树木和花卉。分析句子可知此处使用分词作状语。“Rocks and water”与follow之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表被动。故填followed。
【62题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：对中国人来说，它们的寓意远比表相重要。根据下文“than”可知，设空处与下文进行比较，应用形容词比较级。故填more important。
【63题详解】
考查冠词。句意：竹子在风中弯曲而不折断，象征着可敬的人。此处泛指“一个可敬的人”，应用不定冠词修饰。honorable的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
【64题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：正如中国文化中所有其他艺术形式都受到中国两大主要哲学思想——儒家学说和道家学说的影响一样，中国园林也受到了影响。根据下文“so has the Chinese garden”可知时态应为现在完成时，主语all other art forms与affect之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been affected。
【65题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：正如中国文化中的所有其他艺术形式都受到中国两大主要哲学思想——儒家学说和道家学说的影响一样，中国园林也受到了影响。根据上文“two main”可知，设空处应用名词复数形式。故填philosophies。
第四部分 基础语言运用(共三节，满分 25 分)
第一节（每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）
选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子。有两个单词为多余词。
power variety donate overcome request charge expand
66. ______________ with emotion, she found herself unable to speak for a few minutes.
67. The hotel ______________ its business by adding a swimming pool last year.
68. The paper ______________ her with using the company’s money for her own purposes.
69. They received hundreds of ______________ for more information.
70. The article was about the different ______________ of Spanish spoken in South America.
【答案】66. Overcome
67. expanded
68. charged
69. requests
70. varieties
【解析】
【66题详解】
考查动词。句意：受到情绪的控制，她发现自己有几分钟说不出话来。根据“she found herself unable to speak for a few minutes”可知，她讲不出来话，所以应该是受到情绪的控制，overcome“被（感情）所控制，受到情绪极大的影响”符合语境。分析句子可知，空处作原因状语，用非谓语动词，overcome和逻辑主语she之间是被动关系，应用过去分词的形式，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Overcome。
【67题详解】
考查动词。句意：这家酒店去年增加了一个游泳池，扩大了业务。根据“by adding a swimming pool”可知，这家酒店增加了一个游泳池，所以应该是扩大了业务，expand“扩大”符合语境，且时间状语为last year，句子用一般过去时，空处作谓语动词，应用过去式的形式。故填expanded。
【68题详解】
考查动词。句意：这份报纸指控她将公司的钱用于自己的目的。根据“her with using the company’s money”可推知，此处表示报纸指控她挪公司的钱，charge“指控，控告”符合语境，charge sb. with (doing) sth.是固定短语，意为“指控某人……”，且句子应该是在描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，空处作谓语动词，应用过去式的形式。故填charged。
【69题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们收到了数百份索取更多信息的请求。根据“for more information”可推知，此处表示请求更多的信息，request“请求”符合语境，空处被hundreds of修饰，应用request的复数形式。故填requests。
【70题详解】
考查名词。句意：这篇文章是关于南美洲讲的不同种类的西班牙语。根据“the different”和“of Spanish spoken in South America”可推知，此处表示南美洲讲的不同种类的西班牙语，variety“种类，品种”符合语境，空处被different修饰，应用variety的复数形式。故填varieties。
第二节（每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
根据句意和所给汉语提示，用适当的英文短语完成句子。
71. Dance is a universal language and it has the power to _______ (分解) the difficulty of language and culture. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】break down
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：舞蹈是一种通用的语言，它有能力打破语言和文化的困难。表示“分解”应用动词短语break down。power意为“力量”，为抽象名词，其后应用to do不定式作后置定语。故填break down。
72. Delays could _______ (使发生) further problems. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】give rise to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和情态动词用法。句意：拖延可能会引发更多的问题。表示“使发生”应用动词短语give rise to。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填give rise to。
73. A wonderful idea _______(被想到) me that day when I met with a tough problem. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】occurred to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和一般过去时。句意：那天，当我遇到一个难题时，我想到了一个好主意。表示“被想到”应用动词短语occur to。根据“when I met with a tough problem”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填occurred to。
74. People ______ ______ ______ ______(想当然地认为) that men are stronger than women. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. take ②. it ③. for ④. granted
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：人们想当然地认为男人比女人强壮。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用固定句型take it for granted，结合后文are可知，应用一般现在时，主语为people，谓语动词用复数。故填①take；②it；③for;④granted。
75. Internet shopping will really _______(迅速流行) when people make sure that it is safe. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】take off
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当人们确定它安全时，网上购物会真正迅速流行。根据“Internet shopping”和汉语提示可知，空处应用固定短语take off，表示“网上购物迅速流行”，且空前有will，take用原形。故填take off。
76. My suggestion is that we try to _______(削减) production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】cut back on
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我的建议是我们试着削减生产，减少我们制造和购买的东西的数量。根据空后“production”和汉语提示可知，空处用固定短语cut back on，表示“削减生产”，且空前有try to，此处用try to do sth.，意为“试着做……”，空处cut用原形。故填cut back on。
77. They _______(提出) a lot of plans at the meeting, none of them carried out in their work. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】put forward
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和一般过去时。句意：他们在会上提出了许多计划，但没有一个在工作中得到实施。此处描述过去发生的事情，所以应用一般过去时。表示“提出”应用动词短语put forward。故填put forward。
78. She was determined to become a professor and her efforts finally ______ ______(得到回报，达到目的) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. paid ②. off
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：她决心成为一名教授，她的努力终于得到了回报。“得到回报，达到目的”是固定短语pay off，由was可知，时态用一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，故填paid，off。
79. ______ ______ ______ ______(反复试验), the scientist finally found out how it worked. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. Through ②. trial ③. and ④. error
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：经过反复试验，科学家终于发现了它的工作原理。根据汉语提示可知为短语through trial and error，句首单词首字母大写。故填Through trial and error。
80. Therefore, ______ ______ ______ ______(一定程度上), this research showed the relationship between diet and cancer. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. to ②. a ③. certain ④. degree
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：因此，这项研究在一定程度上表明了饮食与癌症之间的关系。根据汉语提示可知短语为to a certain degree，故填to a certain degree。
第三节（每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
81. The Amazon rainforest _______(breath) life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】breathes
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：亚马逊雨林通过固定碳和生产超过20%的地球氧气，为地球呼吸生命。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，breathe作谓语动词，主语是The Amazon rainforest，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填breathes。
82. Then heavy industry factories moved in, and things became_________ (entire) different. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】entirely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：然后，重工业工厂搬了进来，事情变得完全不同了。修饰形容词different应用所给词的副词形式。故填entirely。
83. After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and _______(hug) each other. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】hugging
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们放松下来，笑着、哭着、互相拥抱。分析句子可知，空处和laughing以及crying并列作伴随状语，且hug和逻辑主语they之间是主动关系，空处应用hug的现在分词形式hugging。故填hugging。
84. His classic novel The Last Days of Pompeii imagines life in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii in the year 79, when Mount Vesuvius _______(erupt). (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】erupted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他的经典小说《庞贝城的末日》想象了公元79年维苏威火山爆发时古罗马城市庞贝的生活。分析句子可知，when引导非限制性定语从句对先行词year 79进行补充说明，是过去发生的事，从句时态为一般过去时，erupt应用过去式erupted。故填erupted。
85. With all sorts of communication software, physical distance no longer gets _______ the way. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】in
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：有了各种各样的通信软件，物理距离不再成为障碍。根据“With all sorts of communication software”可推知，各种各样的通信软件应该是带来了很大的便利，远距离通信可以实现，结合“gets”和“the way”可知，此处表示“物理距离不再成为障碍”，应用固定短语get in the way，意为“挡路，妨碍”，空处用介词in。故填in。
86. _______(slide) into the habit was easy, but it was difficult to quit the habit. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Sliding
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：染上这种习惯很容易，但要戒掉却很难。分析句子可知，空处和into the habit作前半句的主语，是非谓语动词，应用slide的动名词形式sliding，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Sliding。
87. Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of ________ (survive). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】survival
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：多亏她发现了青蒿素，现在全世界的疟疾患者的生存机会大大增加了。空格处用名词作宾语，根据句意可知，空格处意为“生存”，名词是survival，是不可数名词，故填survival。
88. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______(tell) the film stars had left. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to be told
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：新闻记者急忙赶到机场，不料被告知影星已经离开了。此处为only to do sth.，不定式作结果状语，表示一种出乎意料的结果，且tell与reporters 构成被动关系，故用to be done形式。故填to be told。
89. The park was full of people, _________(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】enjoying
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：公园里挤满了人，在阳光下尽情享受。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词enjoy是被修饰的名词people主动发出的动作，用现在分词形式，表示主动。故填enjoying。
90. It was cold, and she had the fire ________(burn) day and night. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】burning
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：天气冷，她日夜让火燃烧着。根据have sth.+宾语补足语，根据fire与动词burn之间存在主动关系，应使用现在分词作宾语补足语，表示主动和进行，故填burning。
第五部分 写作 (共两节；满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
91. 为了号召更多的人向雷锋学习，你校上个月组织了一次社区服务活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 参加人员；
2. 活动过程；
3. 活动感想。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Community Service Activity
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【答案】One possible version
A Community Service Activity
In order to call on more people to learn from Lei Feng, our school organized a community service activity last week. Some student representatives from each class and three teachers took part in it.
We were divided into three groups. Group one were in charge of cleaning up the community centre and picking up the rubbish from the grassland. Group two went to see the elderly in the nursing home with fresh fruit and helped clean their rooms. Group three handed out leaflets to residents, appealing to everyone to protect the environment and care for others.
Through this activity, we experienced true happiness by helping others. Everyone could make a difference to our beautiful community.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道类应用文。考生需要为校英文报撰写一篇关于社区服务活动的报道，内容包括参与人员、活动过程和活动感想。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
① 组织：organize→arrange
② 代表：representative→delegate
③ 负责：be in charge of→be responsible for
④ 呼吁：appeal to→call on
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Group one cleaned up the community centre and picked up the rubbish from the grassland.
拓展句：Group one who cleaned up the community centre, picked up the rubbish from the grassland.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In order to call on more people to learn from Lei Feng, our school organized a community service activity last week.（运用了不定式短语in order to作目的状语）
【高分句型2】 Group three handed out leaflets to residents, appealing to everyone to protect the environment and care for others.（运用了现在分词短语appealing to作伴随状语）
