2024年中考英语热点题型变式演练：语篇首字母填空训练
（时间90分钟，满分150分）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。
Success is often thought to be the o 1 of failure. To teenagers, it is the achievement of a goal or completion of something they really need, such as good grades and the ability to get a 2 well with their classmates. Some schools u 3 to agree with most parents who measured (判定) the success of their children according to grades, but now they pay special attention to moral (道德的) education and character-building to make sure teenagers achieve success in building human relationships.
Schools give chances to students to find their hidden ability so that they can enjoy some forms of success. For example, those who are not so good at speaking skills are encouraged to take part in speech competitions w 4 those who are interested in arts are expected to perform in front of their classmates. Teenagers also get the p 5 of success when they join their favorite clubs.
Teachers and parents often tell teenagers that success is not e 6 to achieve. It lies in hard work. Great efforts have to be put into project work. Doing things much later than planned should be avoided. This will l 7 to a mountain of work which finally makes people nervous. Another good quality is a sense of responsibility (责任). Teenagers should r 8 what they have to do.
Sticking to (坚持) moral values is the key to success too. Honest teenagers will win the trust of friends. Self-motivation (自我激励) is a 9 quality to be developed. Self-motivated teenagers will have the strong will, try
their best in all kinds of tasks and finally get to enjoy a s 10 of achievement.
【答案】
1．(o)pposite 2．(a)long 3．(u)sed 4．(w)hile 5．(p)leasure 6．(e)asy 7．(l)ead 8．(r)emember 9．(a)nother 10．(s)ense
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现今学校和老师更加关注道德教育和性格塑造，以确保青少年在建立人际关系方面取得成功。
1．句意：成功经常被认为是失败的反面。根据常识可知，失败的反面是成功，opposite对立的。故填(o)pposite。
2．句意：对于青少年来说，它是一个目标的实现，完成了某件需要做的事情，比如说取得好成绩，与同学相处好的能力。get along with与……相处。故填(a)long。
3．句意：一些学校同意大多数家长根据成绩来判定他们孩子的成功……。根据后文“but now they pay special attention”可知，此处是说过去常常，used to do sth.过去常常做某事。故填used。
4．句意：例如，一些不擅长于口语技能的学生被鼓励去参加演讲比赛，对艺术感兴趣的被期望在同学们面前表演。此处表示情况的对比，while用于连接两个并列的句子时，它强调的是两个动作同时发生，但它们之间存在某种对比关系。故填(w)hile。
5．句意：当青少年参加他们最喜爱的俱乐部，他们也可以获得乐趣。根据后文“when they join their favorite clubs”可知，参加最喜爱的俱乐部是可以获得乐趣的，pleasure乐趣，不可数名词。故填(p)leasure。
6．句意：老师和父母经常告诉青少年成功不容易实现。根据后文“It lies in hard work. Great efforts have to be put into project work.”可知，此处说的是成功不容易实现，easy容易的。故填(e)asy。
7．句意：这就会导致像山一样的任务，最后让人们很紧张。lead to导致，为固定搭配，will后接动词原形。故填(l)ead。
8．句意：青少年应该记住他们必须要做的事情。根据“what they have to do”可知，青少年应该记住必须要做的事情，remember记住，should后接动词原形。故填(r)emember。
9．句意：自我激励是另外一个被发展的品质。前面说到诚实的品质，此处说另外一个品质，another另外的。故填(a)nother。
10．句意：自我激励的青少年将会有更坚强的意志，在各种各样的任务中尽最大的努力，最后获得成就感。a sense of……的感觉。故填(s)ense。
二、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
One sunny day, my friends and I decided to go on a journey through the forest. We imagined all the exciting things we might discover. As we w 11 , we felt the spirit of adventure(探险) in the air.
Suddenly, we heard a n 12 coming from behind some bushes. We rushed over and found a person l 13 on the ground. He was disabled and in trouble. We felt w 14 but knew that we had to make a decision right away. We stayed with the person, comforting him w 15 one of us coughed to get his attention. We called for help on a p 16 and explained the situation. It was terrible to see someone hurt, but we did our best to help. When the d 17 arrived, we felt relaxed. They knew what to do and took over from there. It was a valuable l 18 for us: learning how to help someone in need gives us a strong feeling of satisfaction.
In the end, our experience turned i 19 a different kind of adventure, one where we helped someone and showed kindness to others. We realized that by working t 20 and staying calm, we could make a big difference when trouble arose.
【答案】
11．(w)alked 12．(n)oise 13．(l)ying 14．(w)orried 15．(w)hile/(w)hen 16．(p)hone 17．(d)octors 18．(l)esson 19．(i)nto 20．(t)ogether
【导语】本文讲述了作者和朋友本打算穿过森林，来一次冒险，结果通过共同的努力，在森林里救了一位残疾人，让他们意识到，当出现麻烦时，通过共同努力并保持冷静，就可以解决困难。
11．句意：我们一边走，一边感到空气中弥漫着冒险的气息。根据“One sunny day, my friends and I decided to go on a journey through the forest.”可知，此句是说当我们在森林里走着的时候，walk“走路”，动词，此处用一般过去时。故填(w)alked。
12．句意：突然，我们听到灌木丛后面传来响声。根据“we heard”可知，此句是说听到响声。noise“响声，噪声”，故填(n)oise。
13．句意：我们冲过去，发现一个人躺在地上。根据“ on the ground”可知，此句是说一个人躺在地上，lie“躺”，动词，find...doing sth.“发现……正在做某事”，此处用现在分词lying。故填(l)ying。
14．句意：我们很担心，但知道我们必须马上做出决定。根据“ He was disabled and in trouble. ”可知，此句是说感觉很担心。“felt”感觉，为系动词，后跟形容词作表语，worried“担心的”，形容词。故填(w)orried。
15．句意：我们和那个人呆在一起，一边安慰他，我们中的一个人一边咳嗽以引起他的注意。根据“comforting him”可知，此句是说一边安慰他，一边咳嗽以引起他的注意，应用while/when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。故填(w)hile/(w)hen。
16．句意：我们打电话求助，解释了情况。根据“We called”可知，此句是说打电话。phone“电话”，可数名词，根据不定冠“a”可知，此处用单数。故填(p)hone。
17．句意：当医生到达时，我们感到很放松。根据“They knew what to do and took over from there.”可知，此句是说医生 来了。doctor“医生”，可数名词，根据“They knew”可知，此处用复数。故填(d)octors。
18．句意：这对我们来说是宝贵的一课：学习如何帮助有需要的人会给我们一种强烈的满足感。根据“learning how to help someone in need gives us a strong feeling of satisfaction.”可知，此句是说这对我们来说是宝贵的一课。lesson“课”，根据不定冠词“a”可知，此处用单数。故填(l)esson。
19．句意：最后，我们的经历变成了一种不同的冒险，一种我们帮助别人，向别人表达善意的冒险。根据“a different kind of adventure”可知，此句是说我们的经历变成了一种不同的冒险。turn into“变成”，故填(i)nto。
20．句意：我们意识到，当出现麻烦时，通过共同努力并保持冷静，我们可以发挥很大的作用。根据“by working”可知，此句是说通过共同努力。together“一起”，副词。故填(t)ogether。
三、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
December 9th, 2021, three Shenzhou-13 astronauts, Ye Guangfu, Wang Yaping and Zhai Zhigang, gave their first class from China’s Tiangong space station. The lesson started at 3: 40 p.m. (Beijing Time) and l 21 nearly one hour, primary and middle school students a 22 the lesson from five classrooms across China.
At the beginning of the class, Wang, the first female astronaut to enter China’s space station, gave the students a tour of their living and working areas. Ye showed the students how he turned a 23 his body in space. He also explained why it is i 24 for astronauts to walk in space like they normally (正常地) do on Earth. Wang introduced how they lived and worked in space and did some i 25 experiments. In one experiment, she made small water film and put a pink folded (折叠的) paper flower on it. Soon the flower unfolded and blossomed (开花). Zhai took the video of the experiments during the whole class. To r 26 to a student’s question about water, Wang said the water they drink is recycled. There is no difference in taste b 27 regular (普通的) and recycled water. With a water recycling s 28 , they can fully use every drop of water in the space station.
Over 1, 000 teachers and students took part in the video communication with the astronauts. The astronauts showed them how different it is in space. A teacher said, “The class has d 29 students’ interest in space science.
Also, they feel p 30 of our country as they see how fast China’s aerospace industry (航空航天工业) has grown.”
What a great class!
【答案】
21．(l)asted 22．(a)ttended 23．(a)round 24．(i)mpossible 25．(i)nteresting 26．(r)eply 27．(b)etween 28．(s)ystem 29．(d)eveloped 30．(p)roud
【导语】本文主要讲述了了去年三位中国航天员在太空中给地面上的学生上了一节别开生面的科学课的事件，以及师生们的课后反馈。
21．句意：这节课从下午3点40分(北京时间)开始，持续了将近一个小时，中小学生在全国五个教室上课。根据“nearly one hour”及首字母提示可知，这里指持续了将近一个小时，last意为“持续”，由started可知，该句为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填(l)asted。
22．句意：这节课从下午3点40分(北京时间)开始，持续了将近一个小时，中小学生在全国五个教室上课。根据“the lesson”及首字母提示可知，是指上课，attend the lesson意为“上课”，由started可知，该句为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填(a)ttended。
23．句意：叶向学生们展示了他是如何在太空中翻转身体的。根据“turned...his body in space”及首字母提示可知，这里指在太空中翻转身体，turn around意为“翻转”，故填(a)round。
24．句意：他还解释了为什么宇航员不可能像在地球上一样在太空行走。根据“it is...for astronauts to walk in space like they normally (正常地) do on Earth”及首字母提示可知，这里指宇航员不可能像在地球上一样在太空行走，impossible意为“不可能的”，形容词在句中作表语，故填(i)mpossible。
25．句意：王介绍了他们是如何在太空中生活和工作的，并做了一些有趣的实验。根据“did some ...experiments”及首字母提示可知，这里指做了一些有趣的实验，interesting意为“有趣的”，形容词在句中作定语，故填(i)nteresting。
26．句意：在回答一名学生关于水的问题时，王说他们喝的水是循环使用的。根据“...to a student’s question”及首字母提示可知，这里指回答一名学生关于水的问题，reply to意为“回答”，动词不定式符号to后跟动词原形，故填(r)eply。
27．句意：普通水和循环用水在味道上没有区别。根据“no difference in taste...regular (普通的) and recycled water”及首字母提示可知，这里指普通水和循环用水在味道上没有区别，between...and...意为“……和……之间”，
故填(b)etween。
28．句意：有了水回收系统，他们可以充分利用空间站中的每一滴水。根据“With a water recycling...”及首字母提示可知，这里指水回收系统，symtem意为“系统”，故填(s)ystem。
29．句意：这堂课培养了学生对空间科学的兴趣。根据“...students’ interest”及首字母提示可知，这里指培养了学生的兴趣，decelop意为“培养”，此处应用过去分词与助动词has构成现在完成时，故填(d)eveloped。
30．句意：此外，当他们看到中国航空航天事业发展如此之快时，他们为我们的国家感到骄傲。根据“as they see how fast China’s aerospace industry (航空航天工业) has grown”及首字母提示可知，这里指为我们的国家感到骄傲，feel proud of意为“为……感到骄傲”，故填(p)roud。
四、根据短文内容及首字母提示, 在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整, 每空一词。
There was magic in the secret garden in spring. First everything turned green. Then the green changed to colors-blue, purple and red. There were f 31 everywhere. The roses-the roses! From small buds they grew into large flowers and f 32 the air with pleasant smell.
Colin was sick and thought that he would die soon. But he watched all the c 33 as they happened in spring. Dickon, Colin’s friend, pushed Colin on wheelchair to the garden every morning and Colin s 34 the day there. Sometimes he sat on the grass watching the insects. He once watched a mouse digging a hole.
One morning Dickon p 35 Colin to the secret garden as usual. Mary, Colin’s cousin, and Ben Weatherstaff, were there too. Colin said, “I want to tell you something very i 36 . ”
“I believe that there is magic in e 37 , ” continued Colin. “Dickon knows some magic. He charms (迷住)animals and people. Mary also knows a bit of magic because she was born in India. There’s magic in the garden, too. I’m going to try and put some in me because I want to be well and s 38 . Please sing ‘Magic is in me! ’with me. ”
“Magic is in me. Magic is in me. Magic is in all of us. ”They started singing.
Then Colin t 39 to walk on his own. His first step was shaky(摇晃的)and he even fell to the ground. But as he took further steps forward, he soon got used to it and was able to walk steadily.
Although he was slow, he did not fall a 40 .
“I can walk! The magic worked! ”he cried.
—Taken from The Secret Garden
【答案】
31．(f)lowers 32．(f)illed 33．(c)hanges 34．(s)pent 35．(p)ushed 36．(i)mportant/(i)nteresting 37．(e)verything 38．(s)trong 39．(t)ried 40．(a)gain
【导语】本文主要叙述了Colin在秘密花园里获得“魔法”终于能走路的故事。
31．句意：这里到处都是花朵。根据文中“The roses-the roses! From small buds they grew into large flowers”以及首字母可知，此处指花朵flower，其复数为flowers。故填(f)lowers。
32．句意：它们从小芽长成了大花，空气中弥漫着怡人的气味。根据文中“From small buds they grew into large flowers and…the air with pleasant smell.”以及首字母可知，fill“充满”，又因“grew”可知时态为一般过去时，fill的过去式为filled。故填(f)illed。
33．句意：但他看到了春天发生的所有变化。根据文中“ Dickon, Colin’s friend, pushed Colin on wheelchair to the garden every morning and Colin…the day there. Sometimes he sat on the grass watching the insects. He once watched a mouse digging a hole.”以及首字母可知，Colin每天都坐在花园里欣赏花园的变化，此处指变化。又因“all”可知，此处填复数。故填(c)hanges。
34．句意：Colin的朋友Dickon，每天早晨推着坐轮椅的Colin去花园，Colin在那里度过了一天。根据“Sometimes he sat on the grass watching the insects. He once watched a mouse digging a hole”以及首字母可知，Colin在花园中度过一天，坐在草坪上看昆虫。他曾经看一只老鼠在打洞。spend“花费”，又因为“sat”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。故填(s)pent。
35．句意：一天早上，Dickon像往常一样把Colin推到秘密花园。根据文中“Dickon, Colin’s friend, pushed Colin on wheelchair to the garden every morning”以及首字母可知，Dickon像往常一样把Colin推到秘密花园，push“推”符合语境，句子时态为一般过去时。故填(p)ushed。
36．句意：Colin说：“我想告诉你一些非常有趣的事情。根据文中“Dickon knows some magic. He charms animals and people. Mary also knows a bit of magic because she was born in India. There’s magic in the garden, too.”以及首字母可知，下文讲述了关于花园的神奇秘密，是有趣/重要的事情。interesting“有趣的”；important“重要的”。故填(i)mportant/(i)nteresting。
37．句意：我相信每件事都有魔力。根据文中“Dickon knows some magic. He charms (迷住)animals and people. Mary also knows a bit of magic because she was born in India. There’s magic in the garden, too.”以及首字母可知，Colin相信每一件事都有魔力。everything“每一件事情”符合语境。故填(e)verything。
38．句意：我会努力给自己注入一些，因为我想变得健康强壮。根据文中“Colin was sick and thought that he
would die soon”以及首字母可知，Colin想要通过魔法使自己变得强壮。strong“强壮的”符合语境。故填(s)trong。
39．句意：随后，Colin尝试自己走路。根据文中“His first step was shaky and he even fell to the ground. But as he took further steps forward, he soon got used to it and was able to walk steadily”以及首字母可知，Colin起初尝试着自己站起来，try“尝试”符合语境，句子时态为一般过去时。故填(t)ried。
40．句意：尽管他很慢，但是他没有再一次摔倒。根据文中“I can walk! The magic worked”以及首字母可知，Colin没有再一次摔倒，again“再一次”符合语境。故填(a)gain。
五、根据短文内容及首字母提示, 在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整, 每空一词。
How can you do calculations (计算) quickly These days, you are a 41 to use a calculator (计算器). But how about people in ancient times In the very beginning, the cleverest among them thought of using stones. Then, around the 2nd century B．C． Chinese b 42 to use the abacuses (算盘). Now some researchers c 43 it to be the world’s oldest calculator. In China, people used abacuses to do calculations for thousands of years b 44 electronic calculators became popular.
The abacus is usually made of wood. It has many beads (珠子). Each bead above the horizontal divider (水平分隔器) s 45 for five, and each bead below the divider means one. By moving the beads with fingers up or down, one can do all kinds of calculations.
It is great to watch a skilled hand use an abacus. You can watch f 46 move and beads knock. And after a few seconds, the result comes out. Through lots of p 47 , you can use the abacus well. In the past, the abacus was used in all schools. It was considered to be a b 48 skill that everybody needed to pick up.
Today, p 49 you can hardly see abacuses because they are no longer widely used. However, we can still feel the important role they once played. Abacuses have become a symbol of much money. Some have come to b 50 that abacuses can bring their owners wealth. People often give a new baby a golden abacus-shaped amulet (护身符) as a present. It is thought that the amulet will help the kid grow up and become a rich person.
【答案】
41．(a)ble 42．(b)egan 43．(c)onsider 44．(b)efore 45．(s)tands 46．(f)ingers 47．(p)ractice 48．(b)asic 49．(p)erhaps 50．(b)elieve
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了算盘的各组成部分及运算方法、它曾经在人们生活中的作用以及它对今天人们生活的影响。
41．句意：现在，你可以使用计算器了。由“These days, you are...to use a calculator”及首字母可知，此处表示“能”，be able to“能，会”，是固定短语。故填(a)ble。
42．句意：然后，大约在公元前2世纪，中国人开始使用算盘。由“Then, around the 2nd century B. C. Chinese...to use the abacuses”及首字母可知，此处指开始使用，begin to“开始”，是固定短语，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式。故填(b)egan。
43．句意：现在一些研究人员认为，它是世界上最古老的计算器。由“Now some researchers..., it to be the world’s oldest calculator”及首字母可知，此处指认为，consider“认为”，句子为一般现在时，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填(c)onsider。
44．句意：在中国，在电子计算器普及之前，人们就已经用算盘计算了几千年。由“In China, people used abacuses to do calculations for thousands of years...electronic calculators”及首字母可知，此处指在电子计算器之前，before“在……之前”。故填(b)efore。
45．句意：横线上方的每颗珠子代表5，横线下方的每颗珠子代表1。由“Each bead above the horizontal divider (水平分隔器)...for five”及首字母可知，此处指代表，stand for“代表”，是固定短语，句子为一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填(s)tands。
46．句意：你可以看到手指在动，珠子在敲。由“You can watch...move and beads knock”及首字母可知，此处指手指，finger“手指”，手指不止一个，应用复数形式。故填(f)ingers。
47．句意：通过大量的练习，你可以很好地使用算盘。根据“Through lots of..., you can use the abacus well.”及首字母可知，熟能生巧，所以要经过大量的练习，才能很好地使用算盘。practice“练习”，是不可数名词。故填(p)ractice。
48．句意：它被认为是每个人都需要掌握的一项基本技能。由“a...skill that everybody needed to pick up”及首字母可知，此处指基本技能，basic“基本的”，形容词作定语，修饰名词skill。故填(b)asic。
49．句意：今天，也许你很难看到算盘，因为它们不再被广泛使用。由“Today, ...you can hardly see abacuses because they are no longer widely used”及首字母可知，此处指也许，perhaps“也许”。故填(p)erhaps。
50．句意：有些人开始相信算盘可以给他们的主人带来财富。由“Some have come to...that abacuses can bring their owners wealth”及首字母可知，此处指相信，believe“相信”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填(b)elieve。
六、根据短文及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
After fresh rain in mountains bare, Autumn permeates (渗透) evening air.
Among pine trees bright moonbeams peer, Over crystal stones flows water clear.
Bamboos whisper of washer-maids, Lotus (莲) stirs when fishing boat wades.
Though fragrant spring may pass away, Still here’s the place for you to stay.
The above eight sentences are from a famous poem “Autumn Evening in the Mountains” which was w 51 by Wang Wei, a well-known poet and painter who lived during the Tang dynasty. He has won h 52 praise for “having poetry in his painting and painting in his poetry”.
When Wang describes the scenery, he does it carefully, like drawing a painting. In the b 53 , Wang shows readers a clear sky, with moonlight and a view of mountains far away. Moving closer, he describes the pine trees and flowing water. Wang also shows the power of colours in the poem. E 54 he describes in the poem is green, white and cyan (青色).
These colours can c 55 a peaceful and harmonious atmosphere (和谐的氛围). This makes it e 56 for readers to imagine the beauty of the landscape.
In the last part of the poem, Wang says that spring may pass away, w 57 the beautiful autumn and the peaceful mountain village remain a special place. In this way, he s 58 wants to show his love of a peaceful and harmonious life and dislike of the corruption (腐败) on the royal court (朝廷).
B 59 describing the scenery, the poem also shows Wang’s characteristics. For example, pine trees and lotus stand for perseverance (毅力) and nobility (高洁), which also means Chinese spirit
nowadays.
Tang poetry is really the treasure of traditional Chinese c 60 . It is never too late to learn.
【答案】
51．(w)ritten 52．(h)igh 53．(b)eginning 54．(E)verything 55．(c)reate 56．(e)asier 57．(w)hile 58．(s)imply 59．(B)y 60．(c)ulture
【导语】本文介绍并赏析了王维的诗《山居秋暝》，并指出唐诗是中国传统文化的瑰宝。
51．句意：以上八句话摘自唐代著名诗人、画家王维的名诗《山居秋暝》。根据后面“by Wang Wei”可知，此处为被动语态，其结构为“be+动词过去分词形式”；结合首字母可知，此处指这首诗被王维“写，编写”；
write“写”，其过去分词为written。故填(w)ritten。
52．句意：他因“画中有诗，诗中有画”而赢得高度赞誉。根据“praise for ‘having poetry in his painting and painting in his poetry’”以及首字母可知，此处是指获得“高度”赞扬，应用形容词high，win high praise“获得高度赞扬”。故填(h)igh。
53．句意：一开始，王维向读者展示了一片晴朗的天空、月光和远处的山景。根据“In the…”及首字母提示可知，此处应用beginning，in the beginning“一开始”，为固定搭配。故填(b)eginning。
54．句意：他在诗中描述的一切都是绿色、白色和青色的。根据“Wang also shows the power of colours in the poem…he describes in the poem is green, white and cyan”及首字母提示可知，此处应用不定代词everything作主语，表示他描述的“一切/所有东西”都跟颜色有关，句首首字母大写。故填(E)verything。
55．句意：这些颜色可以营造出一种平和和谐的氛围。根据“can…a peaceful and harmonious atmosphere”以及首字母提示可知，此处指“营造”出一种氛围，应用动词create“创造，营造”作谓语，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填(c)reate。
56．句意：这使读者更容易想象风景的美丽。根据“…a peaceful and harmonious atmosphere. This makes it…for readers to imagine the beauty of the landscape.”及首字母提示可知，此处是含有比较意义的语境，指“带有和谐氛围的环境”可以使读者“更容易”想象风景的美丽，应用形容词easy“更容易的”的比较级，make it easier“使……更简单”。故填(e)asier。
57．句意：在诗的最后一部分，王说春天可能会过去，而美丽的秋天和宁静的山村仍然是一个特殊的地方。根据“Wang says that spring may pass away… the beautiful autumn and the peaceful mountain village remain a special place.”可知，此处指将春天和秋天作对比，结合首字母提示可知，此处应用连词while表示“然而”，表前后意义上的对比。故填(w)hile。
58．句意：用这种方式，他只是想表达他对和平和谐生活的热爱和对腐败朝廷的厌恶。根据“In this way, he…wants to show his love of a peaceful and harmonious life and dislike of the corruption on the royal court”可知，该句结构完整，此处应用副词修饰；结合首字母提示可知，副词simply“仅仅，简单地”，符合语境。故填(s)imply。
59．句意：通过对风景的描写，这首诗也展现了王的特点。根据“…describing the scenery”及首字母提示可知，此处应用介词by，表示“通过……方式”，by doing sth.“通过做某事”。故填(B)y。
60．句意：唐诗真是中国传统文化的瑰宝。根据“Tang poetry is really the treasure of traditional Chinese…”及首字母提示可知，此处缺名词，应用名词culture“文化”，traditional Chinese culture表示“中国传统文化”。故填(c)ulture。
七、根据短文内容及首字母提示, 在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整, 每空一词。
E-book is short for electronic book. It is usually read on personal computers. Some mobile phones can also be used to r 61 e-books.
Earlier e-books were written for a small group of readers and were about only a few s 62 . With the d 63 of the Internet, knowledge and answers to a lot of questions mainly come from e-books. This is why the e-book business is increasing more q 64 .
E-books have many advantages. First, they save time. We don’t need to go to a bookstore to buy books. Besides, we can find the topic we want to know about on the Internet, and t 65 we can quickly get many e-books on similar topics. Second, e-books save money. Some e-books cost a little money, and there are millions of e-books on the Internet w 66 we can get for free. Third, more fees are saved because e-books don’t need to be p 67 on paper. Fourth, e-books make reading more convenient (方便). We can carry a whole library of hundreds of books w 68 us in a small computer or any e-book reader without worrying about their weight.
But e-books have certain disadvantages. They need a personal computer or an e-book reader and the information can be l 69 if its file format (文件格式) is not supported or changed in the reader’s computer.
However, e-books p 70 us with a new way of reading. That is good.
【答案】
61．(r)ead 62．(s)ubjects 63．(d)evelopment 64．(q)uickly 65．(t)hen 66．(w)hich 67．(p)rinted 68．(w)ith 69．(l)ost 70．(p)rovide
【导语】本文讲述了电子书的优缺点。
61．句意：一些手机也可以用来阅读电子书。根据“Some mobile phones can also be used to…e-books.”可知是指用来阅读电子书。be used to do“被用来做”，read“阅读”，故填(r)ead。
62．句意：早期的电子书是为一小部分读者编写的，而且只涉及几个主题。根据“were about only a few”可知是指只涉及几个主题。a few后接名词复数，subjects“主题”，故填(s)ubjects。
63．句意：随着互联网的发展，很多问题的知识和答案主要来自电子书。with the development of“随着……的发展”，故填(d)evelopment。
64．句意：这就是电子书业务增长更快的原因。根据“This is why the e-book business is increasing more”可知是指电子书业务增长更快，副词quickly“快速地”修饰动词，故填(q)uickly。
65．句意：此外，我们可以在网上找到我们想知道的话题，然后我们就可以很快得到很多类似话题的电子书。根据“we can quickly get many e-books on similar topics”可知是指然后我们就可以很快得到很多类似话题的电子书。then“然后”，故填(t)hen。
66．句意：有些电子书要花一点钱，而互联网上有数百万本电子书，我们可以免费获得。此处是定语从句，先行词是e-books，指物，结合首字母，用which，故填(w)hich。
67．句意：第三，因为电子书不需要打印在纸上，所以节省了更多的费用。根据“e-books don’t need to be…on paper.”可知是指不需要打印在纸上，此处主语与“打印”之间存在被动关系，需用被动语态，结构为be done。printed“打印”，故填(p)rinted。
68．句意：我们可以在一台小电脑或任何电子书阅读器中携带数百本书的整个图书馆，而不用担心它们的重量。carry…with sb.“某人（随身）携带某物”，故填(w)ith。
69．句意：他们需要一台个人计算机或电子书阅读器，如果读者的计算机不支持或更改其文件格式，信息可能会丢失。根据“the information can be…if its file format (文件格式) is not supported or changed in the reader’s computer.”可知是指如果读者的计算机不支持或更改其文件格式，信息可能会丢失。此处主语与“丢失”之间存在被动关系，需用be done结构，lost“丢失”，故填(l)ost。
70．句意：然而，电子书为我们提供了一种新的阅读方式。provide sb. with sth.“为某人提供某物”，时态为一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，故填(p)rovide。
八、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is used to help people keep the balance of yin and yang. But have you ever imagined that one day you can learn herb (药草) planting and TCM courses at school
A primary school in Nanjing has just o 71 a herb farm. More than 30 herbs are p 72 . Students there are guided (指导) by doctors from a TCM hospital to tell d 73 herbs and learn plant development, medicinal value as well as growing herbs. The hospital has also donated over 100 cartoon books about TCM to help draw children’s a 74 in herbal medicine.
Another middle school has i 75 TCM courses to students of all grades.
These courses contain a basic k 76 of herbs, herb planting and cooking with herbs.
They give students a deeper understanding of TCM, bringing out their sense of p 77 in Chinese traditions and the country’s rich culture.
Also in Shanghai, Tongji University has p 78 foreign students with some chances to plant different
kinds of herbs w 79 used in Chinese medicine and cooking. By taking care of the plants, foreign students can get first-hand experience of making herbal medicine from start to finish, and spread TCM culture to their o 80 countries.
The herb planting courses at schools and universities across China get students close to TCM and help pass on the tradition.
【答案】
71．(o)pened 72．(p)lanted 73．(d)ifferent 74．(a)ttention 75．(i)ntroduced 76．(k)nowledge 77．(p)ride 78．(p)rovided 79．(w)idely 80．(o)wn
【导语】本文主要介绍了现在学校提供中医课程，希望能够传播中医。
71．句意：南京的一所小学刚刚开设了一个草药农场。根据“A primary school in Nanjing has just…a herb farm.”的句意及首字母提示可知，此处指开设了一个草药农场，open“开放”符合；根据空前的“has”可知，此处应用过去分词形式，构成现在完成时。故填(o)pened。
72．句意：种植了30多种草药。根据上文“a herb farm”及首字母提示可知，此处指种植了30多种草药，plant“种植”，句子主语与谓语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填(p)lanted。
73．句意：那里的学生由中医医院的医生指导，辨别不同的草药，学习植物发育、药用价值以及种植草药。根据“Students there are guided (指导) by doctors from a TCM hospital”及首字母提示可知，此处指辨别不同的草药，different“不同的”符合。故填(d)ifferent。
74．句意：医院还捐赠了100多本关于中医的漫画书，以吸引儿童对草药的关注。draw one’s attention“吸引某人的注意力”，固定词组。故填(a)ttention。
75．句意：另一所中学为所有年级的学生开设了中医课程。根据“Another middle school has…TCM courses to students of all grades.”的句意及首字母提示可知，此处指开设中医课程，introduce“介绍；引进”符合；根据空前的“has”可知，此处应用过去分词形式，构成现在完成时。故填(i)ntroduced。
76．句意：这些课程包含草药、草药种植和草药烹饪的基本知识。根据“These courses”及首字母提示可知，此处指基本知识，knowledge“知识”，不可数名词。故填(k)nowledge。
77．句意：它们（这些课程）让学生们对中医有了更深入的了解，激发了他们对中国传统和丰富文化的自豪感。根据空后的“in Chinese traditions and the country’s rich culture”及首字母提示可知，此处指激发了他们对中国传统和丰富文化的自豪感，pride in…“以……为傲”，固定词组。故填(p)ride。
78．句意：同样在上海，同济大学为外国学生提供了一些机会，让他们种植广泛用于中药和烹饪的不同种类的草药。provide sb. with sth.“给某人提供某物”，固定词组；根据空前的“has”可知，此处应用过去分词形式，构成现在完成时。故填(p)rovided。
79．句意：同样在上海，同济大学为外国学生提供了一些机会，让他们种植广泛用于中药和烹饪的不同种类的草药。根据“Also in Shanghai, Tongji University has…foreign students with some chances to plant different kinds of herbs…used in Chinese medicine and cooking.”的句意及首字母提示可知，此处指让他们种植广泛用于中药和烹饪的不同种类的草药；分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词作状语，widely“广泛地”符合。故填(w)idely。
80．句意：通过照料植物，外国学生可以获得从始至终制作草药的第一手经验，并将中医文化传播到自己的国家。one’s own“自己的”，固定词组。故填(o)wn。
九、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
Recently, a short video from Chongqing has become hot on the Internet. In the video, a bus is moving on the road in a v 81 . When the driver notices a schoolbag hanging outside the d 82 of an old house, he stops and honks (按喇叭). Soon, a boy rushes outside, carries the schoolbag and gets on the bus.
The bus driver is Cheng Lin. He drives from Luotian to Wuqiao South Station for many years. There are many left-behind children a 83 the route (路线)—they go to school in the city on Sundays and come back on Fridays. Mr Cheng knows the i 84 of his role on their way to and from school, so he pays a lot of attention to them.
The boy is a student of Grade 9 who goes to school by himself. He lives with his grandmother b 85 his parents work in another city and seldom come back. Mr Cheng cares about him a lot. They have d 86 a secret code (代码). If the boy needs to take the bus, he will h 87 his schoolbag at the door. When Mr Cheng sees it, he will honk.
The boy’s parents were deeply moved by the driver’s kindness when they saw the video. “We are glad to see s 88 is taking care of our child. We are very thankful to Mr Cheng,” said the father.
Mr Cheng’s story is well-known and he is p 89 as a good driver. He says it’s just a little thing and that he will c 90 doing it.
【答案】
81．(v)illage 82．(d)oor 83．(a)long 84．(i)mportance 85．(b)ecause 86．(d)eveloped
87．(h)ang 88．(s)omeone/(s)omebody 89．(p)raised 90．(c)ontinue
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名善良的司机帮助留守孩子的故事。
81．句意：在这个视频里，一辆公交车正在山村的公路上行驶。由第二段中“There are many left-behind children...and come back on Fridays.”可知，这儿有很多留守孩子，他们周天要去城里上学，结合首字母可知这是一个村庄，village“村庄”。故填(v)illage。
82．句意：当司机发现挂在老房子门外的书包时，他停下来按喇叭。由第四段中“If the boy needs to take the bus...his schoolbag at the door.”可知，男孩把书包挂在门上，司机就知道他要乘车，door“门”。故填(d)oor。
83．句意：在这条路沿线有很多留守孩子——他们周天去城里上学，周五回家。由常识可知，这些孩子住在公交车沿线，所以才需要乘车。along the route沿着这条路线。故填(a)long。
84．句意：程先生知道在这条通往他们学校的路上，他的角色很重要，因此他很关注他们。空前有定冠词the，空格处需要填名词，孩子们上学放学都要乘坐公交车，因此可知司机很重要，结合首字母可知importance符合句意。the importance of...……的重要性。故填(i)mportance。
85．句意：他和他的奶奶住在一起，因为他的父母在另一座城市上班，很少回来。空格前后均为完整的句子结构，空处需要填连词，结合首字母可知because符合句意。故填(b)ecause。
86．句意：他们制定了一个暗号。程先生为了方便了解孩子的需要，就和孩子研制出了一个暗号。develop在此意为“开发，研制”，且由have可知该句为现在完成时，空格应填动词的过去分词。故填(d)evelop。
87．句意：如果男孩需要乘车，他就把他的书包挂在门上。由第一段“When the driver notices a schoolbag hanging outside...he stops and honks.”可知，书包是挂在门外的，hang“悬挂”，且will后加动词原形。故填(h)ang。
88．句意：我们很高兴看见有人在照顾我们的孩子。父母通过视频看见有人在照顾男孩，但不知道具体是谁，结合首字母可知someone/somebody符合句意。故填(s)omeone/(s)omebody。
89．句意：程先生的故事家喻户晓，他被誉为好司机。司机的善行应该是被称赞的，be praised as被誉为；该句为被动语态，应填动词的过去分词。故填(p)raised。
90．句意：他说那只是一件小事，并且他会继续这样做。由上文可知司机将来会继续帮助孩子们，结合首字母可知continue符合句意，continue doing sth.为固定短语，意为“继续做某事”，情态动词will后跟动词原形。故填(c)ontinue。
十、阅读下面对话，根据对话内容及首字母提示、在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
Once there was a woman named Lisa in a small village. She got angry easily, so her neighbors were afraid to
talk to her. She didn’t have any friends.
Lisa really wanted to make some changes, b 91 she had no idea. She usually heard villagers talk about a wise teacher in the village. He was good a 92 solving problems. Lisa decided to ask him for help.
One day, Lisa visited the teacher. She talked about her worries, “Sir, I can’t control my anger. I usually say s 93 bad to others and later I regret it. What should I do ” “Here is a bottle with some liquid (液体的) medicine in it. From now on, if you get angry, take the medicine and w 94 for a moment. It will help you,” the teacher said.
Lisa was happy. She thanked the teacher and then went back. In the following days, Lisa followed his a 95 . It really worked! Soon all the medicine was gone, so Lisa came to see the teacher a 96 .
However, the teacher told her that there was no medicine in that bottle but w 97 . He explained, “Whenever you got a 98 and took th ‘medicine’, you couldn’t say anything. Because the water was in your mouth. That is the only way to take away your anger : Always keep silent when you are angry, and the trouble caused by anger will not h 99 .”
Hearing that, Lisa realized the i 100 of being calm.
【答案】
91．(b)ut 92．(a)t 93．(s)omething 94．(w)ait 95．(a)dvice 96．(a)gain 97．(w)ater 98．(a)ngry 99．(h)appen 100．(i)mportance
【导语】本文主要讲了丽萨容易生气，于是请一个老师帮忙，老师教她学会冷静。
91．句意：丽萨很想做出一些改变，但她没有办法。前后是转折关系，用but连接。故填(b)ut。
92．句意：他擅长解决问题。be good at “擅长”。故填(a)t。
93．句意：我经常对别人说一些不好的话，后来我后悔了。根据“say...bad to others”可知，是对别人说一些不好的话，something “一些事情”。故填(s)omething。
94．句意：从现在起，如果你生气了，就吃药，然后等一会儿。根据“for a moment”可知，是等待一会儿，wait “等待”，根据“take...”可知，此处用动词原形。故填(w)ait。
95．句意：接下来的日子里，丽萨听从了他的建议。根据“followed his”可知，是听从他的建议，advice“建议”，不可数名词。故填(a)dvice。
96．句意：于是丽莎又来看老师了。根据“see the teacher”可知，是又来找老师了，again“又一次”。故填
(a)gain。
97．句意：然而，老师告诉她瓶子里没有药，只有水。根据“Because the water was in your mouth”可知，瓶子里是水，water “水”。故填(w)ater。
98．句意：每当你生气，然后吃药时，你什么都不能说。根据“She got angry easily”可知，是当她生气时吃药，angry “生气的”。故填(a)ngry。
99．句意：当你生气时，永远保持沉默，因为愤怒而引起的麻烦不会发生。根据“the trouble caused by anger will not”可知，因为愤怒引起的麻烦不会发生，happen“发生”，will后加动词原形。故填(h)appen。
100．句意：听到这些，丽莎意识到保持冷静的重要性。根据“realized the...of being calm”可知，是保持冷静的重要性，the importance of “……的重要性”。故填(i)mportance。
十一、根据短文内容及首字母提示, 填写所缺单词。
Do you ever find yourself doing something without thinking about it We do lots of things out of habit rather than for any good reason. Learning to c 101 healthy new habits can help you to reach your goals.
What is a habit
A habit is something you do often, almost without thinking. Scientists say that habits are formed in the brain and i 102 a cause, action and a reward. If you have a habit of watching TV when you get home from school, the cause would be coming home from school; the a 103 is turning on the TV; and the reward might be the happy, relaxed feeling from watching your favorite program.
This good feeling makes you want to do the same thing after school the next day too, and over time it can become a h 104 .
How are habits good for you
Turning something into a habit means you don’t have to think about it, which is good news when it’s healthy. Good habits can help g 105 against bad ones too, such as worrying. Sadie who is 11, finds her habit of playing with fidget toys (指尖玩具) r 106 stress. “They help me relax, “she says. Scientists believe that nearly half of everything we do every day is out of habit, s 107 forming helpful habits is also a great way to help you to reach your goals.
How can you start to build healthy new habits
Dr Radha Modgil notes that it’s important to think about why you want to change. “What exactly do you want to a 108 and how are you going to do it ” she asks. When it’s time to begin, “Try the 1% i 109 where
every day you improve or change something by 1%. That way you start to see p 110 and you’re not put off by failure.” Remember that forming new habits isn’t always easy but it will be worth it in the end. “Changing habits can change your life,” says Modgil.
【答案】
101．(c)reate 102．(i)nclude 103．(a)ction 104．(h)abit 105．(g)uard 106．(r)educes 107．(s)o 108．(a)chieve 109．(i)dea 110．(p)rogress
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了养成好习惯的重要性并且如何养成好习惯。
101．句意：学习创造健康的新习惯可以帮助你实现目标。根据“healthy new habits”以及所给首字母，可知此处应是create“创造”，learn to do“学习做某事”。故填(c)reate。
102．句意：科学家说，习惯是在大脑中形成的，包括原因、行为和奖励。根据“a cause, action and a reward”以及所给首字母，可知习惯包括原因、行为和奖励，include“包括”，主语是that habits，句子用一般现在时。故填(i)nclude。
103．句意：行为是打开电视。根据“a cause, action and a reward”以及所给首字母，可知行为是打开电视，action“行为”。故填(a)ction。
104．句意：这种良好的感觉会让你第二天放学后也想做同样的事情，随着时间的推移，它会成为一种习惯。根据“A habit is something you do often, almost without thinking.”和“This good feeling makes you want to do the same thing after school the next day too, and over time”以及所给首字母，可知一直做同样的一件事情会成为一种习惯，habit“习惯”，前面有冠词a，因此用单数形式。故填(h)abit。
105．句意：好习惯能帮助我们避免坏习惯，比如担心。根据“How are habits good for you ”可知此处在讲习惯对人的好处，结合所给首字母，可知好习惯能帮助我们避免坏习惯，guard against“避免”。故填(g)uard。
106．句意：11岁的赛迪发现她玩指尖玩具的习惯可以减轻压力。根据“Good habits can help...bad ones too, such as worrying.”以及所给首字母，可知玩指尖玩具的习惯可以减轻压力，reduce“减少”，其主语her habit单数形式，reduce要用其三单形式。故填(r)educes。
107．句意：科学家认为，我们每天所做的几乎一半的事情都是出于习惯，所以养成有益的习惯也是帮助你实现目标的好方法。根据前后句的逻辑关系，存在因果关系，结合所给首字母，可知应填so“因此”。故填(s)o。
108．句意：“你到底想要实现什么？你打算怎么做？”她问。根据“Learning to...help you to reach your goals.”
和“how are you going to do it ”以及所给首字母，可知你到底想实现什么，achieve“实现”，want to do sth.“想要做某事”，此处填原形。故填(a)chieve。
109．句意：尝试1%的想法，每天你提高或改变1%的东西。根据“Dr Radha Modgil notes that it’s important to think about why you want to change.”以及所给首字母，可知表示开始尝试自己的想法，idea“想法”，这里用单数形式。故填(i)dea。
110．句意：“尝试1%的想法，每天你提高或改变1%的东西。这样你就会开始看到进步，而不会被失败吓倒。根据“every day you improve or change something by 1%”可知只要你去提高或者改变，这样的话就可以开始看到进步，progress“进步”，不可数名词，用原形。故填(p)rogress。
十二、根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词, 使短文意思完整, 每空一词。
There is an ancient saying “April showers bring May flowers”. It is w 111 known as a happy truth for thousands of years. Farmers all over the world know how i 112 the seasons are. They know that there should be a season to plant and a season to harvest. E 113 must be done in its own time. T 114 the rain pours down and stops all outdoor activities, the man of the field smiles. It’s because he knows that the rain provides something of v 115 to help his crops grow well. The rains in the month of April m 116 the colorful flowers in the month of May.
However, this ancient truth w 117 well in other fields. It also sends a message of hope to all who experience sadness in life. A relationship which j 118 ended can open up the door to a new friendship with another person. A lost job here can provide the chance for a b 119 job there. A broken dream can help to build a wonderful future. Everything has its place.
Remember this: endless darkness may last for a night, but it will never take the place of the 1 120 of the morning. When you are in a season of sadness, hang in there, because a season of joy may be just around the comer.
【答案】
111．(w)ell 112．(i)mportant 113．(E)verything 114．(T)hough 115．(v)alue 116．(m)eans 117．(w)orks 118．(j)ust 119．(b)etter 120．
(l)ight
【导语】本文探讨了古老谚语“四月雨带来五月花”的意义，表达了对生活中困境的乐观态度，以及希望和新机遇的信念。
111．句意：这句话被认为是一个幸福的真理已经有几千年了。根据“It is w…known as a happy truth”可知，结合首字母提示，be well known“广为人知的”。故填(w)ell。
112．句意：世界各地的农民都知道季节的重要性。根据“how i…the seasons are”可知，此处缺少形容词作表语，结合所给首字母提示，应该是知道季节是如何的重要，important“重要的”。故填(i)mportant。
113．句意：每件事都应该在适当的时候进行。根据“E…must be done in its own time”可知，结合常识和首字母提示可知，每件事都应该适时进行，everything“每件事”，故填(E)verything。
114．句意：尽管雨水倾盆而下并阻止了所有的户外活动，但田间的人却微笑着。根据“T…the rain pours down and stops all outdoor activities, the man of the field smiles.”可知，前后两句之间是转折关系，结合首字母提示，though“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，故填(T)hough。
115．句意：这是因为他知道雨水提供了有价值的东西来帮助他的庄稼茁壮成长。根据“the rain provides something of v… to help his crops grow well”可知，空处缺少名词，可以帮助庄稼茁壮成长所以雨水是提供了有价值的东西，value“价值”，故填(v)alue。
116．句意：四月的雨水意味着五月的绚丽花朵。根据“The rains in the month of April m…the colorful flowers in the month of May”可知，该句时态是一般现在时，空处缺少句子的谓语，结合首字母提示，四月的雨水意味着五月的花朵，mean“意味着”，该句主语是rains，谓语使用三单形式，故填(m)eans。
117．句意：然而，这个古老的真理在其他领域也运行良好。根据“It also sends a message of hope to all who experience sadness in life.”可知，它也给所有经历生活中悲伤的人们带来了希望的信息；由此说明这个古老的真理在其他领域也运行的很好，该句时态是一般现在时，主语是truth，谓语动词使用三单形式，结合首字母提示，work“运行”，符合语境。故填(w)orks。
118．句意：刚刚结束的一段关系可以为与另一个人建立新的友谊打开大门。根据“this ancient truth works well in other fields.”可知，这里是举例说明古老的真理在其他领域也运行的很好，表达了即使经历了一段关系的终结，也可以带来新的希望和机会的含义；结合首字母提示，just“刚刚”，符合语境。故填(j)ust。
119．句意：失去的工作可以为另一个更好的工作提供机会。根据“this ancient truth works well in other fields.”可知，失去工作意味着另一个更好的工作机会到来了，结合首字母提示，better“更好的”，符合语境，故填(b)etter。
120．句意：无尽的黑暗可能会持续一夜，但它永远不会取代早晨的光明。根据“endless darkness may last for a night, but it will never take the place of the 1…of the morning.”可知，空处缺少名词，结合首字母提示，黑暗
不能替代光明，light“光明”，故填(l)ight。
十三、根据短文内容及首字母提示, 在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整, 每空一词。
China’s two favourite poets Li Bai and Du Fu were born about 1,300 years ago. In China, the language has changed so l 121 that poems remain easy for modern Chinese people to read. And their themes are still a 122 friendship, love and landscapes.
If you were to ask any kid in the street, “What was the greatest dynasty in China’s history ” Nine out of ten of them would a 123 the Tang. Every Chinese person learns poems by Li Bai and Du Fu from childhood. “They are as i 124 in Chinese literary history as Shakespeare (莎士比亚) is to people in Britain,” says historian Yuan Haiwang, writer of This Is China: The First 5,000 Years.
“I remember when my son was only a baby held in my a 125 , I began to teach him some of the poems, even though of course he couldn’t remember all of them. But that’s what the Chinese do.”
Back in the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai and Du Fu first m 126 in the year 744, when Li Bai, already a well-known poet, was 43 years of age and Du Fu was 32. They admired each other and quickly became friends. The two poets m 127 only a couple of times during their lives.
But they wrote many poems to and about each other. In one poem, Du Fu wrote: When can we again hold a cup of wine (酒), and chat about poem-writing line by l 128 (From “Missing Li Bai on a Spring Day”)
Li Bai and Du Fu formed a l 129 friendship, which ties one heart to the other no matter how far away they are from each other.
Today most Chinese people could still remember Li Bai’s and Du Fu’s poems. And they also e 130 their children to read their poems. Li Bai and Du Fu aren’t only in our textbooks but in our minds.
【答案】
121．(l)ittle 122．(a)bout 123．(a)nswer 124．(i)mportant 125．(a)rms 126．(m)et 127．(m)ixed/(m)et 128．(l)ine 129．(l)asting 130．(e)ncourage
【导语】本文介绍了唐代诗仙李白、诗圣杜甫诗作流传千古，语言浅显易懂。他们结下深厚友谊，诗词唱和，成为中国文学史上的不朽传奇。
121．句意：在中国，语言变化不大，现代中国人仍然很容易阅读诗歌。根据“the language has changed so l... that
poems remain easy for modern Chinese people to read”可知，因为语言变化不大，所以现代人可以读懂，little“几乎没有”符合句意。故填(l)ittle。
122．句意：他们的主题仍然是关于友谊、爱情和风景。根据“And their themes are still a...friendship, love and landscapes.”可知，友谊等属于主题，所以此处指“主题关于友谊等”，about“关于”符合句意，故填(a)bout。
123．句意：十个人中有九个会回答唐朝。根据上文“ask”，可知，此处指“回答”，answer“回答”；“would”后填动词原形，故填(a)nswer。
124．句意：它们在中国文学史上的重要性不亚于莎士比亚对英国人的重要性。根据“They are as i... in Chinese literary history as Shakespeare (莎士比亚) is to people in Britain”可知，对于英国来说，莎士比亚是重要的，important“重要的”符合句意，故填(i)mportant。
125．句意：我记得当我的儿子还是个抱在我怀里的婴儿时，我开始教他一些诗，尽管他当然记不清了。根据“a baby held in my a...”可知，婴儿用手臂抱在怀里，抱孩子用两只手臂，所以填arms“手臂”。故填(a)rms。
126．句意：早在唐朝，李白和杜甫第一次见面是在公元744年，当时已经是著名诗人的李白43岁，杜甫32岁。根据“first”可知，此处指“第一次见面”；根据“in the year 744”可知，此处为一般过去时，填过去式met。故填(m)et。
127．句意：这两位诗人一生中只见过/来往过几次。根据“The two poets m... only a couple of times during their lives.”可知，此处指“两人一生中只见过/来往过几次”，时态为一般过去时，动词填过去式，met“见”/mixed“来往”符合句意。故填(m)ixed/(m)et。
128．句意：在一首诗中，杜甫写道：我们什么时候才能再捧着一杯酒，一行一行地聊聊写诗？根据“line by”可知，此处考查line by line“一行一行地”，故填(l)ine。
129．句意：李白和杜甫结下了持久的友谊，无论相距多远，都能将一颗心与另一颗心联系在一起。根据“friendship”可知，此处填形容词修饰名词，指“持久的友谊”，lasting“持久的”符合，故填(l)asting。
130．句意：他们也鼓励孩子阅读他们的诗歌。根据“Li Bai and Du Fu aren’t only in our textbooks but in our minds.”可知，时态为一般现在时；根据“their children to read their poems”可知，此处指“鼓励孩子们读他们的诗”，encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，主语为“they”，所以此处填动词原形，故填(e)ncourage。
十四、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
“Last year on lunar festive night; lanterns’ mid blooms shone as daylight. The moon r 131 a top willow tree; My lover had a tryst with me.”
The lantern is the traditional lighting tool of China. It is covered by rice paper with candle burning i 132 . Lights shine through the gossamer rice paper. People like to d 133 lanterns with beautiful designs on them.
The Qinhuai Lantern Show in Nanjing is one of the most famous lantern shows in China. It is held every year during Lantern Festival and runs for more than 50 days which is known as one of China’s first national intangible cultural heritages. It is also the l 134 running, most attended and grandest lantern show in China.
The 38th China, Qinhuai Lantern Festival lighting ceremony b 135 at the Bailuzhou Park. With the Bailuzhou Park, the Confucius Temple Scenic Area and the Laomendong Historic Area serving a 136 main display venues, this year’s Qinhuai Lantern fair has set up seven exhibition areas. Eye-catching dragon lanterns in the Laomendong Historic Area have appropriately taken center stage this year. They attract v 137 from across the nation to take part in the joyous festivities. With increasing number of Chinese living abroad, the world is gaining i 138 and accepting Chinese culture. Many artisans send the art of Chinese lanterns to foreign skies.
Dating b 139 more than 1, 700 hundred years, art of Qinhuai Lantern has been forwarded in time with the memory of Qinhuai River. Qinhuai lanterns are lighted in the darkness of the night c 140 the stories of lantern artisans and hopes of people.
【答案】
131．(r)ose 132．(i)nside 133．(d)ecorate 134．(l)ongest 135．(b)egan 136．(a)s 137．(v)isitors 138．(i)nterest 139．(b)ack 140．(c)arrying
【导语】本文介绍了中国传统的秦淮灯会，特别是南京的秦淮灯会作为中国最著名的灯会之一，其历史悠久、规模宏大，并受到国内外游客的喜爱。秦淮灯会承载着灯笼艺人的故事和人们的希望，成为中国文化传承的重要载体。
131．句意：月上柳梢头，人约黄昏后。根据“The moon...atop willow tree”和首字母r可知，此处指月亮升到柳树顶上，动词rise“升起”符合语境；此句为一般过去时，谓语动词rise用过去式rose。故填(r)ose。
132．句意：它被宣纸覆盖，里面燃烧着蜡烛。根据“The lantern is the traditional lighting tool of China. It is covered by rice paper with candle burning...”和首字母i可知，此处指蜡烛在灯笼里面燃烧，应用副词inside“在里面”。故填(i)nside。
133．句意：人们喜欢用漂亮的图案装饰灯笼。根据“with beautiful designs”和首字母d可知，应是用漂亮的图案装饰灯笼，动词decorate“装饰”符合语境；like to do sth.“喜欢做某事”。故填(d)ecorate。
134．句意：它也是中国持续时间最长、参加人数最多、规模最大的灯会。根据上文“runs for more than 50 days”可知，持续50多天，这个时间很长，形容词long“长的”符合语境，定冠词the后接最高级。故填(l)ongest。
135．句意：第38届中国秦淮元宵节点灯仪式在白鹭洲公园开始。根据“Qinhuai Lantern Festival lighting ceremony...at the Bailuzhou Park.”和首字母b可知，此处指仪式在公园开始，动词begin“开始”符合语境；根据语境可知，此句为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填(b)egan。
136．句意：以白鹭洲公园、孔庙风景区和老门东历史区为主要展示场地，今年的秦淮灯会设立了七个展区。根据“serving”和首字母a可知，此处考查短语serve as“用作，充当”。故填(a)s。
137．句意：它们吸引了来自全国各地的游客来参加欢乐的庆祝活动。根据“to take part in the joyous festivities”和首字母v可知，来参加欢乐的庆祝活动的是游客，应用复数名词visitors“游客”，表泛指。故填(v)isitors。
138．句意：随着越来越多的中国人生活在国外，世界对中国文化越来越感兴趣，也越来越接受中国文化。根据“With increasing number of Chinese living abroad”和首字母i可推测，越来越多中国人在国外宣传中国文化，使得外国人开始对中国文化感兴趣，不可数名词interest“兴趣”符合语境。故填(i)nterest。
139．句意：秦淮灯彩艺术的历史可以追溯到1700多年前，它承载着秦淮河的记忆，流传至今。根据“Dating”和首字母b可知，此处考查短语date back“追溯（到）”。故填(b)ack。
140．句意：秦淮灯笼在夜晚的黑暗中亮起，承载着灯笼艺人的故事和人们的希望。根据“Qinhuai lanterns are lighted in the darkness of the night...the stories of lantern artisans and hopes of people.”和首字母c可知，此处指秦淮灯笼承载着灯笼艺人的故事和人们的希望，动词carry“传播，携带”符合语境；此处为非谓语，主语“Qinhuai lanterns”和carry是主动关系，应用现在分词carrying。故填(c)arrying。
十五、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
People all over the world use colorful little squares of paper to help them stay organized. Some people even use them to c 141 works of art. These little squares are called Post-it Notes. One of their creators is Spencer Silver, who p 142 away at the age of 80 in 2021.
Silver first started working on the notes in 1968 in the company 3M. He d 143 a type of weak glue that didn’t leave behind any remains when taken off. At first, the glue didn’t w 144 very well.
But he and his coworker Art Fry c 145 up with the idea of putting the glue on small pieces of paper to make notes that could be easily moved from one place to a 146 . They borrowed some yellow paper and went to work on their creation. The Post-it Note was finally born in 1974.
However, it wasn’t brought to market u 147 1977. Today, it is one of 3M’s best-selling products. The company makes more than 50 million Post-it Notes every year. Silver, a chemist, earned 37 patents (专利) during his time at 3M. He was included into the National Inventors Hall of Fame (美国发明家名人堂) for his a 148 .
These days, Post-it Notes are made in many d 149 colors, sizes and shapes, including fruits and animals. They are useful for many things. You can use them to take notes, m 150 your place in a book, give someone a reminder, or even ask someone to a dance.
【答案】
141．(c)reate 142．(p)assed 143．(d)iscovered 144．(w)ork 145．(c)ame 146．(a)nother 147．(u)ntil 148．(a)chievements 149．(d)ifferent 150．(m)ark
【导语】本文主要介绍了便利贴的发展历程及它的发明者。
141．句意：有些人甚至用它们来创作艺术作品。根据“works of art”及首字母提示可知，应是创造艺术品，create“创造”，动词不定式符号to后面加动词原形。故填(c)reate。
142．句意：其中一位创作者是Spencer Silver，他于2021年去世，享年80岁。根据“...away at the age of 80 in 2021.”可知，应表达在2021年去世，pass away“去世”，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填(p)assed。
143．句意：他发现了一种弱胶取下后不会留下任何残留物。根据“He d...a type of weak glue”及首字母提示可知，空处应表达发现了一种弱胶，discover“发现”，时态为一般过去时，discover的过去式为discovered。故填(d)iscovered。
144．句意：起初，胶水不太好用。根据“the glue didn’t w...very well.”及首字母提示可知，空处应表达不好用，work“奏效”，助动词didn’t后面加动词原形。故填(w)ork。
145．句意：但他和他的同事Art Fry想出了一个主意，把胶水涂在小纸片上做成可以很容易地从一个地方移动到另一个地方的便签。根据“the idea”可知，空处应表达想出主意，come up with“想出”，固定搭配，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词come用过去式。故填(c)ame。
146．句意：但他和他的同事Art Fry想出了一个主意，把胶水涂在小纸片上做成可以很容易地从一个地方
移动到另一个地方的便签。根据“from one place to a...”可知，此处应表达从一个地方移到另一个地方，another“另一个”。故填(a)nother。
147．句意：然而，它直到1977年才被推向市场。根据“it wasn’t brought to market u...1977.”可知，此处表达直到1977年才被推向市场，not...until“直到……才”。故填(u)ntil。
148．句意：他因其成就而被列入国家发明家名人堂。根据“He was included into the National Inventors Hall of Fame (美国发明家名人堂) ”及首字母提示可知，是因为他的成就而被列入国家发明家名人堂，achievement“成就”，空处应用可数名词复数形式。故填(a)chievements。
149．句意：如今，便利贴有许多不同的颜色、大小和形状，包括水果和动物。根据首字母提示可知，空处应填different“不同的”，形容词修饰名词。故填(d)ifferent。
150．句意：你可以用它们做笔记，在书中标记你的位置，给某人一个提醒，甚至邀请某人跳舞。根据“...your place in a book,”及首字母提示可知，空处应表达在书中做标记，mark“标记”，空处应用动词原形与前后句子语法保持一致。故填(m)ark。2024年中考英语热点题型变式演练：语篇首字母填空训练
（时间90分钟，满分150分）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。
Success is often thought to be the o 1 of failure. To teenagers, it is the achievement of a goal or completion of something they really need, such as good grades and the ability to get a 2 well with their classmates. Some schools u 3 to agree with most parents who measured (判定) the success of their children according to grades, but now they pay special attention to moral (道德的) education and character-building to make sure teenagers achieve success in building human relationships.
Schools give chances to students to find their hidden ability so that they can enjoy some forms of success. For example, those who are not so good at speaking skills are encouraged to take part in speech competitions w 4 those who are interested in arts are expected to perform in front of their classmates. Teenagers also get the p 5 of success when they join their favorite clubs.
Teachers and parents often tell teenagers that success is not e 6 to achieve. It lies in hard work. Great efforts have to be put into project work. Doing things much later than planned should be avoided. This will l 7 to a mountain of work which finally makes people nervous. Another good quality is a sense of responsibility (责任). Teenagers should r 8 what they have to do.
Sticking to (坚持) moral values is the key to success too. Honest teenagers will win the trust of friends. Self-motivation (自我激励) is a 9 quality to be developed. Self-motivated teenagers will have the strong will, try their best in all kinds of tasks and finally get to enjoy a s 10 of achievement.
二、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
One sunny day, my friends and I decided to go on a journey through the forest. We imagined all the exciting things we might discover. As we w 11 , we felt the spirit of adventure(探险) in the air.
Suddenly, we heard a n 12 coming from behind some bushes. We rushed over and found a person l 13 on the ground. He was disabled and in trouble. We felt w 14 but knew that we had to make a decision right away. We stayed with the person, comforting him w 15 one of us coughed to get his attention. We called for help on a p 16 and explained the situation. It was terrible to see someone hurt, but we did our best to help. When the d 17 arrived, we felt relaxed. They knew what to do and took over from there. It was a valuable l 18 for us: learning how to help someone in need gives us a strong feeling of satisfaction.
In the end, our experience turned i 19 a different kind of adventure, one where we helped someone and showed kindness to others. We realized that by working t 20 and staying calm, we could make a big difference when trouble arose.
三、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
December 9th, 2021, three Shenzhou-13 astronauts, Ye Guangfu, Wang Yaping and Zhai Zhigang, gave their first class from China’s Tiangong space station. The lesson started at 3: 40 p.m. (Beijing Time) and l 21 nearly one hour, primary and middle school students a 22 the lesson from five classrooms across China.
At the beginning of the class, Wang, the first female astronaut to enter China’s space station, gave the students a tour of their living and working areas. Ye showed the students how he turned a 23 his body in space. He also explained why it is i 24 for astronauts to walk in space like they normally (正常地) do on Earth. Wang introduced how they lived and worked in space and did some i 25 experiments. In one experiment, she made small water film and put a pink folded (折叠的) paper flower on it. Soon the flower unfolded and blossomed (开花). Zhai took the video of the experiments during the whole class. To r 26 to a student’s question about water, Wang said the water they drink is recycled. There is no difference in taste b 27 regular (普通的) and recycled water. With a water recycling s 28 , they can fully use every drop of water in the space station.
Over 1, 000 teachers and students took part in the video communication with the astronauts. The astronauts showed them how different it is in space. A teacher said, “The class has d 29 students’ interest in space science.
Also, they feel p 30 of our country as they see how fast China’s aerospace industry (航空航天工业) has grown.”
What a great class!
四、根据短文内容及首字母提示, 在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整, 每空一词。
There was magic in the secret garden in spring. First everything turned green. Then the green changed to colors-blue, purple and red. There were f 31 everywhere. The roses-the roses! From small buds they grew into large flowers and f 32 the air with pleasant smell.
Colin was sick and thought that he would die soon. But he watched all the c 33 as they happened in spring. Dickon, Colin’s friend, pushed Colin on wheelchair to the garden every morning and Colin s 34 the day there. Sometimes he sat on the grass watching the insects. He once watched a mouse digging a hole.
One morning Dickon p 35 Colin to the secret garden as usual. Mary, Colin’s cousin, and Ben Weatherstaff, were there too. Colin said, “I want to tell you something very i 36 . ”
“I believe that there is magic in e 37 , ” continued Colin. “Dickon knows some magic. He charms (迷住)animals and people. Mary also knows a bit of magic because she was born in India. There’s magic in the garden, too. I’m going to try and put some in me because I want to be well and s 38 . Please sing ‘Magic is in me! ’with me. ”
“Magic is in me. Magic is in me. Magic is in all of us. ”They started singing.
Then Colin t 39 to walk on his own. His first step was shaky(摇晃的)and he even fell to the ground. But as he took further steps forward, he soon got used to it and was able to walk steadily.
Although he was slow, he did not fall a 40 .
“I can walk! The magic worked! ”he cried.
—Taken from The Secret Garden
五、根据短文内容及首字母提示, 在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整, 每空一词。
How can you do calculations (计算) quickly These days, you are a 41 to use a calculator (计算器). But how about people in ancient times In the very beginning, the cleverest among them thought of using stones.
Then, around the 2nd century B．C． Chinese b 42 to use the abacuses (算盘). Now some researchers c 43 it to be the world’s oldest calculator. In China, people used abacuses to do calculations for thousands of years b 44 electronic calculators became popular.
The abacus is usually made of wood. It has many beads (珠子). Each bead above the horizontal divider (水平分隔器) s 45 for five, and each bead below the divider means one. By moving the beads with fingers up or down, one can do all kinds of calculations.
It is great to watch a skilled hand use an abacus. You can watch f 46 move and beads knock. And after a few seconds, the result comes out. Through lots of p 47 , you can use the abacus well. In the past, the abacus was used in all schools. It was considered to be a b 48 skill that everybody needed to pick up.
Today, p 49 you can hardly see abacuses because they are no longer widely used. However, we can still feel the important role they once played. Abacuses have become a symbol of much money. Some have come to b 50 that abacuses can bring their owners wealth. People often give a new baby a golden abacus-shaped amulet (护身符) as a present. It is thought that the amulet will help the kid grow up and become a rich person.
六、根据短文及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
After fresh rain in mountains bare, Autumn permeates (渗透) evening air.
Among pine trees bright moonbeams peer, Over crystal stones flows water clear.
Bamboos whisper of washer-maids, Lotus (莲) stirs when fishing boat wades.
Though fragrant spring may pass away, Still here’s the place for you to stay.
The above eight sentences are from a famous poem “Autumn Evening in the Mountains” which was w 51 by Wang Wei, a well-known poet and painter who lived during the Tang dynasty. He has won h 52 praise for “having poetry in his painting and painting in his poetry”.
When Wang describes the scenery, he does it carefully, like drawing a painting. In the b 53 , Wang shows readers a clear sky, with moonlight and a view of mountains far away. Moving closer, he describes the pine trees and flowing water. Wang also shows the power of colours in the poem. E 54 he describes in the poem is green, white and cyan (青色).
These colours can c 55 a peaceful and harmonious atmosphere (和谐的氛围). This makes it e 56 for readers to imagine the beauty of the landscape.
In the last part of the poem, Wang says that spring may pass away, w 57 the beautiful autumn and the peaceful mountain village remain a special place. In this way, he s 58 wants to show his love of a peaceful and harmonious life and dislike of the corruption (腐败) on the royal court (朝廷).
B 59 describing the scenery, the poem also shows Wang’s characteristics. For example, pine trees and lotus stand for perseverance (毅力) and nobility (高洁), which also means Chinese spirit
nowadays.
Tang poetry is really the treasure of traditional Chinese c 60 . It is never too late to learn.
七、根据短文内容及首字母提示, 在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整, 每空一词。
E-book is short for electronic book. It is usually read on personal computers. Some mobile phones can also be used to r 61 e-books.
Earlier e-books were written for a small group of readers and were about only a few s 62 . With the d 63 of the Internet, knowledge and answers to a lot of questions mainly come from e-books. This is why the e-book business is increasing more q 64 .
E-books have many advantages. First, they save time. We don’t need to go to a bookstore to buy books. Besides, we can find the topic we want to know about on the Internet, and t 65 we can quickly get many e-books on similar topics. Second, e-books save money. Some e-books cost a little money, and there are millions of e-books on the Internet w 66 we can get for free. Third, more fees are saved because e-books don’t need to be p 67 on paper. Fourth, e-books make reading more convenient (方便). We can carry a whole library of hundreds of books w 68 us in a small computer or any e-book reader without worrying about their weight.
But e-books have certain disadvantages. They need a personal computer or an e-book reader and the information can be l 69 if its file format (文件格式) is not supported or changed in the reader’s computer.
However, e-books p 70 us with a new way of reading. That is good.
八、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is used to help people keep the balance of yin and yang. But have you ever imagined that one day you can learn herb (药草) planting and TCM courses at school
A primary school in Nanjing has just o 71 a herb farm. More than 30 herbs are p 72 . Students there are guided (指导) by doctors from a TCM hospital to tell d 73 herbs and learn plant development, medicinal value as well as growing herbs. The hospital has also donated over 100 cartoon books about TCM to help draw children’s a 74 in herbal medicine.
Another middle school has i 75 TCM courses to students of all grades.
These courses contain a basic k 76 of herbs, herb planting and cooking with herbs.
They give students a deeper understanding of TCM, bringing out their sense of p 77 in Chinese traditions and the country’s rich culture.
Also in Shanghai, Tongji University has p 78 foreign students with some chances to plant different kinds of herbs w 79 used in Chinese medicine and cooking. By taking care of the plants, foreign students can get first-hand experience of making herbal medicine from start to finish, and spread TCM culture to their o 80 countries.
The herb planting courses at schools and universities across China get students close to TCM and help pass on the tradition.
九、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
Recently, a short video from Chongqing has become hot on the Internet. In the video, a bus is moving on the road in a v 81 . When the driver notices a schoolbag hanging outside the d 82 of an old house, he stops and honks (按喇叭). Soon, a boy rushes outside, carries the schoolbag and gets on the bus.
The bus driver is Cheng Lin. He drives from Luotian to Wuqiao South Station for many years. There are many left-behind children a 83 the route (路线)—they go to school in the city on Sundays and come back on Fridays. Mr Cheng knows the i 84 of his role on their way to and from school, so he pays a lot of attention to them.
The boy is a student of Grade 9 who goes to school by himself. He lives with his grandmother b 85 his parents work in another city and seldom come back. Mr Cheng cares about him a lot. They have d 86 a secret code (代码). If the boy needs to take the bus, he will h 87 his schoolbag at the door. When Mr Cheng sees it, he will honk.
The boy’s parents were deeply moved by the driver’s kindness when they saw the video. “We are glad to see s 88 is taking care of our child. We are very thankful to Mr Cheng,” said the father.
Mr Cheng’s story is well-known and he is p 89 as a good driver. He says it’s just a little thing and that he will c 90 doing it.
十、阅读下面对话，根据对话内容及首字母提示、在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
Once there was a woman named Lisa in a small village. She got angry easily, so her neighbors were afraid to talk to her. She didn’t have any friends.
Lisa really wanted to make some changes, b 91 she had no idea. She usually heard villagers talk about a wise teacher in the village. He was good a 92 solving problems. Lisa decided to ask him for help.
One day, Lisa visited the teacher. She talked about her worries, “Sir, I can’t control my anger. I usually say s 93 bad to others and later I regret it. What should I do ” “Here is a bottle with some liquid (液体的) medicine in it. From now on, if you get angry, take the medicine and w 94 for a moment. It will help you,” the teacher said.
Lisa was happy. She thanked the teacher and then went back. In the following days, Lisa followed his a 95 . It really worked! Soon all the medicine was gone, so Lisa came to see the teacher a 96 .
However, the teacher told her that there was no medicine in that bottle but w 97 . He explained, “Whenever you got a 98 and took th ‘medicine’, you couldn’t say anything. Because the water was in your mouth. That is the only way to take away your anger : Always keep silent when you are angry, and the trouble caused by anger will not h 99 .”
Hearing that, Lisa realized the i 100 of being calm.
十一、根据短文内容及首字母提示, 填写所缺单词。
Do you ever find yourself doing something without thinking about it We do lots of things out of habit rather than for any good reason. Learning to c 101 healthy new habits can help you to reach your goals.
What is a habit
A habit is something you do often, almost without thinking. Scientists say that habits are formed in the brain and i 102 a cause, action and a reward. If you have a habit of watching TV when you get home from school, the cause would be coming home from school; the a 103 is turning on the TV; and the reward might be the
happy, relaxed feeling from watching your favorite program.
This good feeling makes you want to do the same thing after school the next day too, and over time it can become a h 104 .
How are habits good for you
Turning something into a habit means you don’t have to think about it, which is good news when it’s healthy. Good habits can help g 105 against bad ones too, such as worrying. Sadie who is 11, finds her habit of playing with fidget toys (指尖玩具) r 106 stress. “They help me relax, “she says. Scientists believe that nearly half of everything we do every day is out of habit, s 107 forming helpful habits is also a great way to help you to reach your goals.
How can you start to build healthy new habits
Dr Radha Modgil notes that it’s important to think about why you want to change. “What exactly do you want to a 108 and how are you going to do it ” she asks. When it’s time to begin, “Try the 1% i 109 where every day you improve or change something by 1%. That way you start to see p 110 and you’re not put off by failure.” Remember that forming new habits isn’t always easy but it will be worth it in the end. “Changing habits can change your life,” says Modgil.
十二、根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词, 使短文意思完整, 每空一词。
There is an ancient saying “April showers bring May flowers”. It is w 111 known as a happy truth for thousands of years. Farmers all over the world know how i 112 the seasons are. They know that there should be a season to plant and a season to harvest. E 113 must be done in its own time. T 114 the rain pours down and stops all outdoor activities, the man of the field smiles. It’s because he knows that the rain provides something of v 115 to help his crops grow well. The rains in the month of April m 116 the colorful flowers in the month of May.
However, this ancient truth w 117 well in other fields. It also sends a message of hope to all who experience sadness in life. A relationship which j 118 ended can open up the door to a new friendship with another person. A lost job here can provide the chance for a b 119 job there. A broken dream can help to build a wonderful future. Everything has its place.
Remember this: endless darkness may last for a night, but it will never take the place of the 1 120 of
the morning. When you are in a season of sadness, hang in there, because a season of joy may be just around the comer.
十三、根据短文内容及首字母提示, 在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整, 每空一词。
China’s two favourite poets Li Bai and Du Fu were born about 1,300 years ago. In China, the language has changed so l 121 that poems remain easy for modern Chinese people to read. And their themes are still a 122 friendship, love and landscapes.
If you were to ask any kid in the street, “What was the greatest dynasty in China’s history ” Nine out of ten of them would a 123 the Tang. Every Chinese person learns poems by Li Bai and Du Fu from childhood. “They are as i 124 in Chinese literary history as Shakespeare (莎士比亚) is to people in Britain,” says historian Yuan Haiwang, writer of This Is China: The First 5,000 Years.
“I remember when my son was only a baby held in my a 125 , I began to teach him some of the poems, even though of course he couldn’t remember all of them. But that’s what the Chinese do.”
Back in the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai and Du Fu first m 126 in the year 744, when Li Bai, already a well-known poet, was 43 years of age and Du Fu was 32. They admired each other and quickly became friends. The two poets m 127 only a couple of times during their lives.
But they wrote many poems to and about each other. In one poem, Du Fu wrote: When can we again hold a cup of wine (酒), and chat about poem-writing line by l 128 (From “Missing Li Bai on a Spring Day”)
Li Bai and Du Fu formed a l 129 friendship, which ties one heart to the other no matter how far away they are from each other.
Today most Chinese people could still remember Li Bai’s and Du Fu’s poems. And they also e 130 their children to read their poems. Li Bai and Du Fu aren’t only in our textbooks but in our minds.
十四、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
“Last year on lunar festive night; lanterns’ mid blooms shone as daylight. The moon r 131 a top willow tree; My lover had a tryst with me.”
The lantern is the traditional lighting tool of China. It is covered by rice paper with candle burning i 132 . Lights shine through the gossamer rice paper. People like to d 133 lanterns with beautiful designs on them.
The Qinhuai Lantern Show in Nanjing is one of the most famous lantern shows in China. It is held every year during Lantern Festival and runs for more than 50 days which is known as one of China’s first national intangible cultural heritages. It is also the l 134 running, most attended and grandest lantern show in China.
The 38th China, Qinhuai Lantern Festival lighting ceremony b 135 at the Bailuzhou Park. With the Bailuzhou Park, the Confucius Temple Scenic Area and the Laomendong Historic Area serving a 136 main display venues, this year’s Qinhuai Lantern fair has set up seven exhibition areas. Eye-catching dragon lanterns in the Laomendong Historic Area have appropriately taken center stage this year. They attract v 137 from across the nation to take part in the joyous festivities. With increasing number of Chinese living abroad, the world is gaining i 138 and accepting Chinese culture. Many artisans send the art of Chinese lanterns to foreign skies.
Dating b 139 more than 1, 700 hundred years, art of Qinhuai Lantern has been forwarded in time with the memory of Qinhuai River. Qinhuai lanterns are lighted in the darkness of the night c 140 the stories of lantern artisans and hopes of people.
十五、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
People all over the world use colorful little squares of paper to help them stay organized. Some people even use them to c 141 works of art. These little squares are called Post-it Notes. One of their creators is Spencer Silver, who p 142 away at the age of 80 in 2021.
Silver first started working on the notes in 1968 in the company 3M. He d 143 a type of weak glue that didn’t leave behind any remains when taken off. At first, the glue didn’t w 144 very well.
But he and his coworker Art Fry c 145 up with the idea of putting the glue on small pieces of paper to make notes that could be easily moved from one place to a 146 . They borrowed some yellow paper and went to work on their creation. The Post-it Note was finally born in 1974.
However, it wasn’t brought to market u 147 1977. Today, it is one of 3M’s best-selling products. The company makes more than 50 million Post-it Notes every year. Silver, a chemist, earned 37 patents (专利) during
his time at 3M. He was included into the National Inventors Hall of Fame (美国发明家名人堂) for his a 148 .
These days, Post-it Notes are made in many d 149 colors, sizes and shapes, including fruits and animals. They are useful for many things. You can use them to take notes, m 150 your place in a book, give someone a reminder, or even ask someone to a dance.
