2024届高三下学期英语复习专项 语法填空 非谓语动词 课件-（共23张PPT）
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| 名称 | 2024届高三下学期英语复习专项 语法填空 非谓语动词 课件-（共23张PPT） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 277.3KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-22 16:08:12 | ||
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文档简介
(共23张PPT)
locate/ situate /base在语法填空中的问题
看非谓语动词和句子主语(或者逻辑主语)的关系
主动关系用ing
被动关系用 ed
locate/ situate /base 三个词在表示“某物位于…”的时候的用法都是：
be located/situated/based +介词+具体地点
1. ______ (locate) in Leicestershire, England, Triumph Motorcycles is a world-known motorcycle manufacture.
2. The United Nations headquarters, ______ (base) in New York City, serves as a symbol of international cooperation and diplomacy.
3. The Eiffel Tower, ______ (locate) in Paris, France, is one of the most iconic landmarks in the world.
4. Tesla Motors, ______ (base) in California, is a leading electric vehicle manufacturer.
5. The Grand Canyon, ______ (situate) in Arizona, USA, is one of the most breathtaking natural wonders on Earth.
Located(locate) in Leicestershire, England, Triumph Motorcycles is a world-known motorcycle manufacture.
凯旋摩托车公司位于英国莱斯特郡，是一家世界知名的摩托车制造商。
The United Nations headquarters, based (base) in New York City, serves as a symbol of international cooperation and diplomacy.
总部设在纽约市的联合国总部是国际合作和外交的象征。
The Eiffel Tower, located (locate) in Paris, France, is one of the most iconic landmarks in the world.
埃菲尔铁塔位于法国巴黎，是世界上最具标志性的地标之一。
Tesla Motors, based (base) in California, is a leading electric vehicle manufacturer.
总部位于加利福尼亚州的特斯拉汽车公司是一家领先的电动汽车制造商。
The Grand Canyon, situated (situate) in Arizona, USA, is one of the most breathtaking natural wonders on Earth.
大峡谷位于美国亚利桑那州，是地球上最令人叹为观止的自然奇观之一。
date back to... date from...
to have existed since a particular time in the past or for the length of time mentioned
追溯到；始于；自…至今
The college dates back to medieval times.
这所学院创办于中世纪。
The custom dates back hundreds of years.
这一习俗可以追溯到几百年前。
a law dating from the 17th century
自17世纪起沿用至今的一条法律
date back to/date from 中的date 和句子主语是主动关系。
1. _______(date) back to ancient times, this traditional form of storytelling has captivated audiences with its rich narratives and timeless themes.
2. The fossils discovered in the cave, _______ back to the Jurassic period, offer valuable insights into the life forms of that era.
3. _______ from the Renaissance, the influence of classical art is evident in the sculptures of this region.
4. The style of the artifacts, _______ from the early Bronze Age, indicates advanced metallurgical (冶金的) techniques.
Dating (date) back to ancient times, this traditional form of storytelling has captivated audiences with its rich narratives and timeless themes.
追溯到古代，这种传统的讲故事形式以其丰富的叙事和永恒的主题吸引了观众。
The fossils discovered in the cave, dating back to the Jurassic period, offer valuable insights into the life forms of that era.洞穴中发现的化石可以追溯到侏罗纪时期，为了解那个时代的生命形式提供了宝贵的见解。
Dating from the Renaissance, the influence of classical art is evident in the sculptures of this region.
可以追溯到文艺复兴时期，古典艺术的影响在这个地区的雕塑中显而易见。
The style of the artifacts, dating from the early Bronze Age, indicates advanced metallurgical (冶金的) techniques.
这些文物的风格可以追溯到青铜时代早期，表明了先进的冶金技术(冶金的) 技术。
involve
释义 1: if a situation, an event or an activity involves sth, that thing is an important or necessary part or result of it包含；需要；使成为必然部分（或结果）
Any investment involves an element of risk.任何投资都有一定的风险。
The test will involve answering questions about a photograph.考试将包括回答一些关于一张照片的问题。
The job involves me travelling all over the country. 这份工作需要我在全国各地跑。
释义2: if a situation, an event or an activity involves sb, they take part in it or are affected by it牵涉；牵连；影响
There was a serious incident involving a group of youths. 有一起涉及一群年轻人的严重事件。
How many vehicles were involved in the crash 这次撞车事故涉及多少辆汽车？
1. “Numerous complaints ______(involve) noise pollution have been received lately,” stated city council member Lisa Brown.
2. “There have been several incidents ______(include) local wildlife recently,” noted park ranger Emily Johnson.
3. “We have seen numerous cases ______(affect) young children lately,” reported health official Dr. Marcus Lee.
4. All individuals ______ (involve) in the fight are not allowed to leave.
5. The students ______ (involve) in the cheating scandal are called to the principal's office for questioning.
1. “Numerous complaints ______(involve) noise pollution have been received lately,” stated city council member Lisa Brown.
1. involving
2. “There have been several incidents ______(include) local wildlife recently,” noted park ranger Emily Johnson.
2. including
3. “We have seen numerous cases ______(affect) young children lately,” reported health official Dr. Marcus Lee.
3. affecting
4. All individuals ______ (involve) in the fight are not allowed to leave.
4. involved
5. The students ______ (involve) in the cheating scandal are called to the principal’s office for questioning.
5. involved
换个理解方式：
the fight involves individuals = individuals are involved in the fight
the cheating scandal involves students = students are involved in the scandal
sb be involved in sth (某人参与某事、某人卷入了某事件)
解题策略
如果设空处为动词，则先观察整个句子，找出其谓语。如果句中有谓语且不缺并列谓语，则设空处填非谓语动词。
解题步骤
考虑是动词不定式、动词-ing形式还是动词-ed形式。同时注意判断以下几点：
1.动名词：作主语；作宾语；作定语（表示被修饰名词的性质、用途、功能和属性）；作表语（说明主语的性质）。
2.现在分词：
a.作状语（表示主动或正进行）；作表语（说明主语的性质）；
b.作定语（doing表示正进行或主动的动作；being done表示被动且正在进行的动作）；
c.作补语（表示主动或正在进行的动作）。
3.过去分词：
a.作状语（表示被动的动作），相当于状语从句，可以表示时间、条件、原因等。
b.作定语（表示被动），相当于省略了关系代词的定语从句。
c.作宾语补足语（在表示感觉或心理状态的动词后作宾补。如see, watch, observe, look at, listen to, hear, notice等。在表示“使、让”意义的动词后作宾补，如have, get, keep, leave等。）
d.作表语（表示人的状态或感受。修饰人的表情也常用过去分词。）
4.不定式：
a.作主语。（可以用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语置于后面，常用It is+形容词/名词+（for/of sb）to do sth来代替，表示人的性格品质用of。）
b.作表语；
c.作宾语。常跟不定式作宾语的动词：afford, agree, arrange, ask, care, choose, decide, demand, determine, expect, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse,want, wish, aim, fail, happen, long, hesitate, struggle, attempt, volunteer, desire等。不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：feel, hear, listen to, have, help, let, make, notice, see, watch等。
d.作状语（表示目的、结果、原因、程度等。不定式作目的状语，常常置于句首，如果置于主句后，不定式前面常常没有逗号。）
e.作定语（1.下列名词后常用不定式作定语：ability, attempt, chance, decision, effort, failure, promise, way, wish, answer等。2. only, last, next以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词后，常接不定式作后置定语。）
The site of Changgan ancient city, unearthed in Xijie site of east China’s Nanjing City, has been confirmed to date back to 3, 100 years ago, 61 (extend) Nanjing’s history by more than 600 years, Nanjing institute of archaeology said.
The site of the ancient city, named “Changgan”, the 62 (early) known name of the city of Nanjing, features relics of a platform, ring ditches, walls, doorways and sacrificial pits.
During the excavations that began in 2017, archaeologists 63 (unearth) four ring ditches from the Shang and Zhou dynasties (1600 BC-256 BC), containing collapsed rammed-earth walls, said Chen Dahai, 64 archaeologist with the institute, who was responsible for the excavation.
“We also found more evidence supporting our 65 (conclude), including a well on the side of the ditch 66 was originally constructed during the late Shang Dynasty and the unearthed pottery 67 (decorate) with triangular and ladder patterns,” Chen added.
According to carbon-14 dating data, it is identified that the various artifacts date back to the period ranging from the late Shang Dynasty 68 the early Zhou Dynasty.
Up to now, the excavation area at the Xijie site has reached 69 (approximate) 12, 000 square meters, with more than 500 relics of various types 70 over 10, 000 specimens (样本) of archaeological importance unearthed.
The site of Changgan ancient city, unearthed in Xijie site of east China’s Nanjing City, has been confirmed to date back to 3, 100 years ago, 61 (extend) Nanjing’s history by more than 600 years, Nanjing institute of archaeology said.
61．extending
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：南京考古研究所表示，在中国东部南京市西街遗址出土的长干古城遗址已被确认可追溯到3100年前，使南京的历史延长了600多年。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词extend是整个主句伴随的动作，用现在分词形式，伴随主动，作结果状语。故填extending。
The site of the ancient city, named “Changgan”, the 62 (early) known name of the city of Nanjing, features relics of a platform, ring ditches, walls, doorways and sacrificial pits.
62．earliest
62．考查最高级。句意：古城遗址名为“长干”，是南京城最早期的名称，具有平台、环沟、城墙、门道和祭祀坑等遗迹。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格前面有the，所以用最高级形式。故填earliest。
During the excavations that began in 2017, archaeologists 63 (unearth) four ring ditches from the Shang and Zhou dynasties (1600 BC-256 BC), containing collapsed rammed-earth walls, said Chen Dahai, 64 archaeologist with the institute, who was responsible for the excavation.
63．unearthed 64．an
63．考查谓语动词。句意：该研究所负责发掘的考古学家陈大海说，在2017年开始的发掘中，考古学家发现了四条商周时期（公元前1600年至公元前256年）的环形沟渠，里面有倒塌的夯土墙。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时。故填unearthed。
64．考查冠词。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格后面的archaeologist是可数名词单数形式，前面需要用不定冠词修饰，表示泛指，“一个”的意思，它的第一个音素是元音音素，用不定冠词an。故填an。
“We also found more evidence supporting our 65 (conclude), including a well on the side of the ditch 66 was originally constructed during the late Shang Dynasty and the unearthed pottery 67 (decorate) with triangular and ladder patterns,” Chen added.
65．conclusion 66．that/which 67．decorated
65．考查名词。句意：陈补充道：“我们还发现了更多的证据支持我们的结论，包括沟渠边上的最初建于商代晚期的一口井，以及出土的装饰有三角形和梯形图案的陶器。”分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词，作宾语。故填conclusion。
66．考查定语从句。句意：见第5题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词well在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
67．考查非谓语动词。句意：见第5题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词decorate和被修饰的名词pottery是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词形式，表示被动，作后置定语。故填decorated。
According to carbon-14 dating data, it is identified that the various artifacts date back to the period ranging from the late Shang Dynasty 68 the early Zhou Dynasty.
68．to
68．考查介词。句意：根据碳-14测年数据，可以确定各种文物的年代可以追溯到商代晚期至周代早期。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要介词to，意为“到……”。故填to。
Up to now, the excavation area at the Xijie site has reached 69 (approximate) 12, 000 square meters, with more than 500 relics of various types 70 over 10, 000 specimens (样本) of archaeological importance unearthed.
69．approximately 70．and
69．考查副词。句意：截至目前，西街遗址发掘面积约1.2万平方米，出土各类文物500余件，具有重要考古意义的标本1万余件。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词，意为“大约”，修饰动词reached。故填approximately。
70．考查连词。句意：见第9题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，上下文是并列关系，用连词and。故填and。
locate/ situate /base在语法填空中的问题
看非谓语动词和句子主语(或者逻辑主语)的关系
主动关系用ing
被动关系用 ed
locate/ situate /base 三个词在表示“某物位于…”的时候的用法都是：
be located/situated/based +介词+具体地点
1. ______ (locate) in Leicestershire, England, Triumph Motorcycles is a world-known motorcycle manufacture.
2. The United Nations headquarters, ______ (base) in New York City, serves as a symbol of international cooperation and diplomacy.
3. The Eiffel Tower, ______ (locate) in Paris, France, is one of the most iconic landmarks in the world.
4. Tesla Motors, ______ (base) in California, is a leading electric vehicle manufacturer.
5. The Grand Canyon, ______ (situate) in Arizona, USA, is one of the most breathtaking natural wonders on Earth.
Located(locate) in Leicestershire, England, Triumph Motorcycles is a world-known motorcycle manufacture.
凯旋摩托车公司位于英国莱斯特郡，是一家世界知名的摩托车制造商。
The United Nations headquarters, based (base) in New York City, serves as a symbol of international cooperation and diplomacy.
总部设在纽约市的联合国总部是国际合作和外交的象征。
The Eiffel Tower, located (locate) in Paris, France, is one of the most iconic landmarks in the world.
埃菲尔铁塔位于法国巴黎，是世界上最具标志性的地标之一。
Tesla Motors, based (base) in California, is a leading electric vehicle manufacturer.
总部位于加利福尼亚州的特斯拉汽车公司是一家领先的电动汽车制造商。
The Grand Canyon, situated (situate) in Arizona, USA, is one of the most breathtaking natural wonders on Earth.
大峡谷位于美国亚利桑那州，是地球上最令人叹为观止的自然奇观之一。
date back to... date from...
to have existed since a particular time in the past or for the length of time mentioned
追溯到；始于；自…至今
The college dates back to medieval times.
这所学院创办于中世纪。
The custom dates back hundreds of years.
这一习俗可以追溯到几百年前。
a law dating from the 17th century
自17世纪起沿用至今的一条法律
date back to/date from 中的date 和句子主语是主动关系。
1. _______(date) back to ancient times, this traditional form of storytelling has captivated audiences with its rich narratives and timeless themes.
2. The fossils discovered in the cave, _______ back to the Jurassic period, offer valuable insights into the life forms of that era.
3. _______ from the Renaissance, the influence of classical art is evident in the sculptures of this region.
4. The style of the artifacts, _______ from the early Bronze Age, indicates advanced metallurgical (冶金的) techniques.
Dating (date) back to ancient times, this traditional form of storytelling has captivated audiences with its rich narratives and timeless themes.
追溯到古代，这种传统的讲故事形式以其丰富的叙事和永恒的主题吸引了观众。
The fossils discovered in the cave, dating back to the Jurassic period, offer valuable insights into the life forms of that era.洞穴中发现的化石可以追溯到侏罗纪时期，为了解那个时代的生命形式提供了宝贵的见解。
Dating from the Renaissance, the influence of classical art is evident in the sculptures of this region.
可以追溯到文艺复兴时期，古典艺术的影响在这个地区的雕塑中显而易见。
The style of the artifacts, dating from the early Bronze Age, indicates advanced metallurgical (冶金的) techniques.
这些文物的风格可以追溯到青铜时代早期，表明了先进的冶金技术(冶金的) 技术。
involve
释义 1: if a situation, an event or an activity involves sth, that thing is an important or necessary part or result of it包含；需要；使成为必然部分（或结果）
Any investment involves an element of risk.任何投资都有一定的风险。
The test will involve answering questions about a photograph.考试将包括回答一些关于一张照片的问题。
The job involves me travelling all over the country. 这份工作需要我在全国各地跑。
释义2: if a situation, an event or an activity involves sb, they take part in it or are affected by it牵涉；牵连；影响
There was a serious incident involving a group of youths. 有一起涉及一群年轻人的严重事件。
How many vehicles were involved in the crash 这次撞车事故涉及多少辆汽车？
1. “Numerous complaints ______(involve) noise pollution have been received lately,” stated city council member Lisa Brown.
2. “There have been several incidents ______(include) local wildlife recently,” noted park ranger Emily Johnson.
3. “We have seen numerous cases ______(affect) young children lately,” reported health official Dr. Marcus Lee.
4. All individuals ______ (involve) in the fight are not allowed to leave.
5. The students ______ (involve) in the cheating scandal are called to the principal's office for questioning.
1. “Numerous complaints ______(involve) noise pollution have been received lately,” stated city council member Lisa Brown.
1. involving
2. “There have been several incidents ______(include) local wildlife recently,” noted park ranger Emily Johnson.
2. including
3. “We have seen numerous cases ______(affect) young children lately,” reported health official Dr. Marcus Lee.
3. affecting
4. All individuals ______ (involve) in the fight are not allowed to leave.
4. involved
5. The students ______ (involve) in the cheating scandal are called to the principal’s office for questioning.
5. involved
换个理解方式：
the fight involves individuals = individuals are involved in the fight
the cheating scandal involves students = students are involved in the scandal
sb be involved in sth (某人参与某事、某人卷入了某事件)
解题策略
如果设空处为动词，则先观察整个句子，找出其谓语。如果句中有谓语且不缺并列谓语，则设空处填非谓语动词。
解题步骤
考虑是动词不定式、动词-ing形式还是动词-ed形式。同时注意判断以下几点：
1.动名词：作主语；作宾语；作定语（表示被修饰名词的性质、用途、功能和属性）；作表语（说明主语的性质）。
2.现在分词：
a.作状语（表示主动或正进行）；作表语（说明主语的性质）；
b.作定语（doing表示正进行或主动的动作；being done表示被动且正在进行的动作）；
c.作补语（表示主动或正在进行的动作）。
3.过去分词：
a.作状语（表示被动的动作），相当于状语从句，可以表示时间、条件、原因等。
b.作定语（表示被动），相当于省略了关系代词的定语从句。
c.作宾语补足语（在表示感觉或心理状态的动词后作宾补。如see, watch, observe, look at, listen to, hear, notice等。在表示“使、让”意义的动词后作宾补，如have, get, keep, leave等。）
d.作表语（表示人的状态或感受。修饰人的表情也常用过去分词。）
4.不定式：
a.作主语。（可以用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语置于后面，常用It is+形容词/名词+（for/of sb）to do sth来代替，表示人的性格品质用of。）
b.作表语；
c.作宾语。常跟不定式作宾语的动词：afford, agree, arrange, ask, care, choose, decide, demand, determine, expect, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse,want, wish, aim, fail, happen, long, hesitate, struggle, attempt, volunteer, desire等。不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：feel, hear, listen to, have, help, let, make, notice, see, watch等。
d.作状语（表示目的、结果、原因、程度等。不定式作目的状语，常常置于句首，如果置于主句后，不定式前面常常没有逗号。）
e.作定语（1.下列名词后常用不定式作定语：ability, attempt, chance, decision, effort, failure, promise, way, wish, answer等。2. only, last, next以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词后，常接不定式作后置定语。）
The site of Changgan ancient city, unearthed in Xijie site of east China’s Nanjing City, has been confirmed to date back to 3, 100 years ago, 61 (extend) Nanjing’s history by more than 600 years, Nanjing institute of archaeology said.
The site of the ancient city, named “Changgan”, the 62 (early) known name of the city of Nanjing, features relics of a platform, ring ditches, walls, doorways and sacrificial pits.
During the excavations that began in 2017, archaeologists 63 (unearth) four ring ditches from the Shang and Zhou dynasties (1600 BC-256 BC), containing collapsed rammed-earth walls, said Chen Dahai, 64 archaeologist with the institute, who was responsible for the excavation.
“We also found more evidence supporting our 65 (conclude), including a well on the side of the ditch 66 was originally constructed during the late Shang Dynasty and the unearthed pottery 67 (decorate) with triangular and ladder patterns,” Chen added.
According to carbon-14 dating data, it is identified that the various artifacts date back to the period ranging from the late Shang Dynasty 68 the early Zhou Dynasty.
Up to now, the excavation area at the Xijie site has reached 69 (approximate) 12, 000 square meters, with more than 500 relics of various types 70 over 10, 000 specimens (样本) of archaeological importance unearthed.
The site of Changgan ancient city, unearthed in Xijie site of east China’s Nanjing City, has been confirmed to date back to 3, 100 years ago, 61 (extend) Nanjing’s history by more than 600 years, Nanjing institute of archaeology said.
61．extending
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：南京考古研究所表示，在中国东部南京市西街遗址出土的长干古城遗址已被确认可追溯到3100年前，使南京的历史延长了600多年。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词extend是整个主句伴随的动作，用现在分词形式，伴随主动，作结果状语。故填extending。
The site of the ancient city, named “Changgan”, the 62 (early) known name of the city of Nanjing, features relics of a platform, ring ditches, walls, doorways and sacrificial pits.
62．earliest
62．考查最高级。句意：古城遗址名为“长干”，是南京城最早期的名称，具有平台、环沟、城墙、门道和祭祀坑等遗迹。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格前面有the，所以用最高级形式。故填earliest。
During the excavations that began in 2017, archaeologists 63 (unearth) four ring ditches from the Shang and Zhou dynasties (1600 BC-256 BC), containing collapsed rammed-earth walls, said Chen Dahai, 64 archaeologist with the institute, who was responsible for the excavation.
63．unearthed 64．an
63．考查谓语动词。句意：该研究所负责发掘的考古学家陈大海说，在2017年开始的发掘中，考古学家发现了四条商周时期（公元前1600年至公元前256年）的环形沟渠，里面有倒塌的夯土墙。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时。故填unearthed。
64．考查冠词。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格后面的archaeologist是可数名词单数形式，前面需要用不定冠词修饰，表示泛指，“一个”的意思，它的第一个音素是元音音素，用不定冠词an。故填an。
“We also found more evidence supporting our 65 (conclude), including a well on the side of the ditch 66 was originally constructed during the late Shang Dynasty and the unearthed pottery 67 (decorate) with triangular and ladder patterns,” Chen added.
65．conclusion 66．that/which 67．decorated
65．考查名词。句意：陈补充道：“我们还发现了更多的证据支持我们的结论，包括沟渠边上的最初建于商代晚期的一口井，以及出土的装饰有三角形和梯形图案的陶器。”分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词，作宾语。故填conclusion。
66．考查定语从句。句意：见第5题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词well在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
67．考查非谓语动词。句意：见第5题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词decorate和被修饰的名词pottery是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词形式，表示被动，作后置定语。故填decorated。
According to carbon-14 dating data, it is identified that the various artifacts date back to the period ranging from the late Shang Dynasty 68 the early Zhou Dynasty.
68．to
68．考查介词。句意：根据碳-14测年数据，可以确定各种文物的年代可以追溯到商代晚期至周代早期。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要介词to，意为“到……”。故填to。
Up to now, the excavation area at the Xijie site has reached 69 (approximate) 12, 000 square meters, with more than 500 relics of various types 70 over 10, 000 specimens (样本) of archaeological importance unearthed.
69．approximately 70．and
69．考查副词。句意：截至目前，西街遗址发掘面积约1.2万平方米，出土各类文物500余件，具有重要考古意义的标本1万余件。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词，意为“大约”，修饰动词reached。故填approximately。
70．考查连词。句意：见第9题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，上下文是并列关系，用连词and。故填and。