人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection Discover Useful Structures 课件(共25张PPT)

(共25张PPT)
新人教版选择性必修三Unit3
Discover useful structures
Direct speech &
indirect speech
目
录
直接引语&间接引语
巩固练习
定义
01
02
03
定义
01
英语中常用两种方式引用别人说的话。一种是直接引述别人的原话，把它放在引号内，叫 引语(Direct Speech)；另一种是用自己的话转述别人说的话，叫 引语(Indirect Speech)。
直接
间接
定义
Direct Speech
1. The espert said, “from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.”
2. The reporter asked, “willpolar bears die out because of climate change ”
3. The reporter asked, “How can we save polar bears from extinction ”
4. “Let’s work together to stop climate change,” the expert said.
Indirect Speech
1. The expert said that from the position of dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.
2. The reporter asked whether polar bears would die out because of climate change.
3. The reporter asked how we could save polar bears from extinction.
4. The expert advised us to work together to stop climate change.
02
直接引语&间接引语
1. 人称变化
“一随主, 二随宾, 第三人称不更新”
直接引语中的第一人称变间接引语后，与主句主语的人称保持一致。
直接引语中的第二人称变间接引语后，与主句宾语的人称保持一致。
直接引语的第三人称在变间接引语后，人称不变。
一随主 He says, “I like math very much. ”
→ He says that he likes math very much.
二随宾 He said to Lily, “ You must get up early. ”
→ He said to Lily that she must get up early.
三不变 She said to me, “ They want to help him. ”
→ She said to me that they wanted to help him.
2. 时态变化
直接引语变间接引语时，如果主句为过去时态, 则间接引语的时态相应向前推一个时态。
直接引语 间接引语
句子时态 一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般过去时 过去完成时
过去完成时 不变
一般将来时 过去将来时
1. He said, “He is a student. ”
→He said that he was a student.
2. He said, “He is reading. ”
→He said that he was reading.
3. He said, “He will go home. ”
→He said that he would go home.
4. He said, “He has gone home. ”
→He said that he had gone home.
3. 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化
直接引语 间接引语
指示代词 this/these that/those
时间状语 now then
today that day
this morning that morning
tonight that night
tomorrow the next/following day
时间状语 yesterday the day before
last night the night before
the day before yesterday two days before
three days ago three days before
next week the next/following week
ago before
地点状语 here there
方向性动词 bring take
come go
1. He said, “I met Mr Smith this morning. ”
→He said that he had met Mr Smith that morning.
2. He said, “We went to the cinema yesterday. ”
→He said they had gone to the cinema the day before.
3. Lily said, “I will come back next month. ”
→Lily said that she would go back the next month.
4. He said, “It is nine o’clock now. ”
→He said that it was nine o’clock then.
5. He said, “I haven’t seen her today. ”
→He said that he hadn’t seen her that day.
6. She said, “I’ll go there tomorrow.”
→She said that she would go there the next day.
7. He said, “My sister was here three days ago.”
→He said that his sister had been there three days before.
4. 连接词和语序变化
连接词 语序
陈述句 that或省略 不变
一般疑问句 引述动词后加上if或whether 陈述语序
特殊疑问句 连接词不变 陈述语序
祈使句 无连接词 不变
1. He said to me, “You can help her. ”
→ He said to me that I could help her.
2. He asked her, “Do you love me ”
→ He asked her whether/if she loved him.
3. He asked me, “What color do you like ”
→He asked me what color I liked.
4. He shouted, “Lily, Close the door. ”
→He told Lily to close the door.
5. He said to me, “Don’t be late. ”
→ He asked me not to be late.
注意事项：
1. 直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，常变成由that引导的宾语从句。在口语中，that可以省略。
2. 直接引语是客观事实、真理、规律等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。
He said, “I was cooking when the earthquake happened.”
→He said (that) he was cooking when the earthquake happened.
Mr. Li told his students, “The earth goes round the sun. ”
→Mr. Li told his students that the earth goes round the sun.
03
巩固练习
Statements/Questions
“What made Hurricane Katrina unusual ”
“Was it the worst natural disaster in American history ”
“ I want to become a scientist and help the world.”
“I’m doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.”
“Why is nuclear power a sensitive topic ”
“Could you explain how the nuclear disasters happened ”
“How many animals have disappeared because of human hunting ”
“What can we do to help the wild animals ”
“I’ve never been to the Amazon Jungle.”
“Will scientists discover new species there ”
1. Here are some statements and questions by children who attended scientific lectures. Change the sentences into indirect speech.(P29)
Bob
Laura
Vincent
Name
Diane
Martha
1. Diane asked what had made Hurricane Katrina unusual.
2. Diane asked (me) if/whether it had been the worst natural disaster in American history.
3. Martha said to/told me ( that) she wanted to become become a scientist and help the world.
4. Martha said/told me (that) she was doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.
5. Bob asked why nuclear power was a sensitive topic.
6. Bob asked (me) if/whether I could explain how the nuclear disaster had happened.
7. Laura asked me how many animals had disappeared because of human hunting.
8. Laura asked what we could do to help wild animals.
9. Vincent said to/told me that he had never been to the Amazon Jungle.
10. Vincent asked if/whether scientists would discover new species there.
1. “Who are you waiting for, Tom ” asked Nancy.
________________________________________________
2. “Do you come from Australia ”Liu Jun asked Bob.
________________________________________________
3. The teacher said to him, “Be quick.”
________________________________________________
4. Mr. Black said to us, “Correct the mistakes yourselves.”
________________________________________________
5. The teacher told us, “The moon moves round the earth.”
________________________________________________
2. Change the sentences into indirect speech.
Nancy asked Tom who he was waiting for.
Liu Jun asked Bob if/whether he came from Australia.
The teacher told him to be quick.
Mr. Black asked us to correct the mistakes ourselves.
The teacher told us that the moon moves round the earth.
6. She said, “I am very happy to help you.”
______________________________________________
7. He asked, “Where are you to get off, John ”
______________________________________________
8. “You are a doctor, aren’t you ”he said.
______________________________________________
9. Jack asked Jim, “Did you attend the meeting yesterday ”
______________________________________________
10. “How much have we spent on education this year ”she asked her husband.
______________________________________________
She said(that) she was very happy to help me.
He asked John where he was to get off.　
He asked(me) whether I was a doctor(or not).
Jack asked Jim whether/if he had attended the meeting the day before/the previous day.
She asked her husband how much they had spent on education that year.
1.
2.
Homework:
Thanks