2022级高二学年下学期期中考试
英语试题
考试时间: 120分钟 分值: 150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where have the speakers probably just been
A. At a class party. B. At a grocery store. C. In a furniture store.
2. How much does it cost to ask three questions
A. $15 B. $14. C. $12.
3. How did the children help the woman
A. By carrying her luggage. B. By finding the apartment. C. By buying something for her.
4. What does the woman mean
A. The man needs to finish the book.
B. The ending of the book will be boring.
C. The man should check with his professor.
5. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Have dinner. B. Pick up a gift. C. Look at a piece of jewelry.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What do the speakers see up ahead on the road
A. There is construction going on.
B. There is a long line at the traffic light.
C. Some policemen are dealing with something.
7. What are the speakers going to do next
A. Take another route. B. Turn on the radio. C. Call the woman's mother.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the man doing
A. Trying out a camera. B. Chatting with a salesperson. C. Reading reviews of cameras.
9. Where does the woman suggest the man buy a camera
A. From the mall. B. From the local shop. C. From the online shop.
听第8段材料， 回答第10至 12题。
10. What color is the man's shirt now
A. Bright red. B. Light pink. C. Bright pink.
11. How did the man wash his shirt
A. He had it dry-cleaned. B. He washed it by hand. C. He washed it in a washing machine.
12. What will the man probably do in the end
A. Keep his shirt. B. Return his shirt. C. Change his shirt.
听第9段材料, 回答第13 至 16题。
13. What information can visitors learn about in the museum
A. Different trees. B. Wild birds. C. The weather.
14. When did the woman visit the museum
A. Last Thursday. B. Last Saturday. C. Last Sunday.
15. How long did it take the woman to get back home from the museum
A. About 15 minutes. B. About 20 minutes. C. About 30 minutes.
16. Who can get free access to the museum
A. One under 15. B. One under 17. C. One under 18.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至 20题。
17. What did the man study in university
A. Law. B. Medicine. C. Economics.
18. What fruit has something in common with coco a beans
A. Apples. B. Bananas. C. Grapes.
19. What is the most difficult part of making chocolate
A. Melting it correctly. B. Cooling it in time. C. Testing it regularly.
20. What is the speaker's key to success
A. Growing high-quality coco a beans.
B. Keeping a diary of his experiments.
C. Trying to test various chocolate.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节 (共 15 小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分)
A
Our Products and Services
Model 3
Model 3 is a four-door mid-size sedan (轿车) that we designed with a base price for mass-market appeal, which we began delivering in July 2017. We currently build Model 3 at the Fremont Factory as well as at Gigafactory Shanghai. We currently offer Model 3 in Rear-wheel Drive (后轮驱动) and Dual Motor All-wheel Drive versions.
Model Y
Model Y is a sport utility vehicle (“SUV”) built on the Model 3 platform with the ability for seating for up to seven adults. We currently build Model Y at the Fremont Factory, and are further raising production there and making preparations for production next at Gigafactory Shanghai. We currently offer Model Y in some Dual Motor All-wheel Drive versions.
Model S and Model X
Model S is a four-door full-size sedan that we began delivering in June 2012. Like Model 3, it introduced Tesla vehicle most basic features such as a large touchscreen driver interface, Auto-driving hardware, over-the-air software updates, and fast charging through our Supercharger network.
Model X is a mid-size SUV with seating for up to seven adults, which we began delivering in September 2015. Model X introduced features including unique falcon (鹰) wing doors for easy access to passenger seating and an all-glass panoramic (全景的) windshield (挡风玻璃).
Model S and Model X are equipped with a standard Dual Motor All-wheel Drive powertrain, and are also available in Performance versions. We build Model S and Model X at the Fremont Factory.
1. What can we know about Model 3 and Model S
A. They are both a SUV. B. They both have Rear-wheel Drive.
C. They both have Auto-driving hardware D. Neither of them can be fast charged.
2. Which model is most suitable for a big family of five children who want a better view in a car
A. Model 3. B. Model Y. C. Model S. D. Model X.
3. What do all the Tesla models have in common according to the passage
A. Dual Motor All-wheel Drive. B. Falcon wing doors.
C. Having a factory in Shanghai. D. Seating for up to seven people.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍几款特斯拉汽车。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Model S and Model X部分“Like Model 3, it introduced Tesla vehicle most basic features such as a large touchscreen driver interface, Auto-driving hardware, over-the-air software updates, and fast charging through our Supercharger network.”(像 Model 3一样，它引入了特斯拉汽车最基本的功能，如大触摸屏驱动程序界面，自动驾驶硬件，无线软件升级，通过我们的增压器网络快速充电。)可知，Model S和Model 3都有自动驾驶硬件。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Model S and Model X部分“Model X is a mid-size SUV with seating for up to seven adults, which we began delivering in September 2015. Model X introduced features including unique falcon(鹰) wing doors for easy access to passenger seating and an all-glass panoramic(全景的) windshield(挡风玻璃).”(X型是一辆中型 SUV，可容纳7名成年人，我们从2015年9月开始交付。型号X引入了一些功能，包括独特的鹰翼门，方便乘客进入座位和全玻璃全景挡风玻璃。)可知，Model X可容纳7名成年人，全玻璃全景挡风玻璃，所以有5个孩子的大家庭，并且想有好的车内观景需求的可以选择这款汽车。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Model 3部分“We currently offer Model 3 in Rear-wheel Drive(后轮驱动) and Dual Motor All-wheel Drive versions.”(我们目前提供3型后轮驱动和双电机四轮驱动版本)、Model Y部分“We currently offer Model Y in some Dual Motor All-wheel Drive versions.”(我们目前给型号Y提供一些双电机四轮驱动版本)和Model S and Model X部分“Model S and Model X are equipped with a standard Dual Motor All-wheel Drive powertrain”(型号S和型号X配备了标准的双电机四轮驱动动力总成)可知，这几款特斯拉汽车都有双电机四轮驱动版本，这是它们的共同点。故选A。
B
Alice, age 9:"Mom, do I have to brush my hair today "
Me: Um, yes, it would be great if you could brush your hair every day!
In Alice's world, brushing her hair was an inconvenient nuisance(令人讨厌的事).I knew back then that this feeling would not last forever. One day I would pry (撬开) her hairbrush out of her hand and tear her away from the mirror. Five years later, my prediction has come true.
At age 14, there is no such thing for Alice as a spur-of-the-moment(一时兴起的) trip outside of the house. She is, indeed, obsessed with her physical appearance. Hair has to be brushed, makeup applied, and clothes changed many times before she can even think about leaving the house.
We have spoken at length about how looks don't matter and that being a good, kind and compassionate person in this world is way more important than any aesthetic(审美观).Each time we have this conversation, Alice reminds me that she knows technically looks aren't important. But when she looks good on the outside, she feels more confident on the inside. In turn, that makes her a kinder, more compassionate and more understanding person.
So while I will never be happy to see my daughter try on many shirts only to pick the first one she tried, or spend an hour getting ready for an event when the rest of the family were ready in 10 minutes, I know this is something she needs to do. Creating an identity for herself as an individual outside of her family unit is a natural and necessary part of the teenage process.
And just as she learned over the years that hair-brushing is probably a good idea, so will she hopefully learn that sometimes it's okay to go out in a less-than-perfect outfit or without makeup. Somewhere deep down,her freewheeling 9-year-old self still knows that.
4. What was the author's prediction about Alice
A. She would avoid looking in the mirror.
B. She would refuse to stay at home all the time.
C. She would be very concerned about her appearance.
D. She would forget to brush her hair before going out.
5. Why does Alice spend time on her appearance
A. To impress others. B. To make herself feel better.
C. To display her unique personality. D. To attract kind people as friends.
6. What is the author's attitude toward Alice's behavior
A. Worried. B. Indifferent. C. Disappointed. D. Understanding.
7. What lesson does the author hope Alice will learn
A. She cannot meet everyone's needs.
B. She should learn some makeup skills.
C. She needs to learn a lot as she grows up.
D. She doesn't always have to go out with a perfect image.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者14岁的女儿很在意自己的外表，作者对此表示理解，认为这是青少年成长过程中的自然现象。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“One day I would pry her hairbrush out of her hand and tear her away from the mirror”（有一天，我会从她手里撬开她的梳子，把她从镜子前拉开）以及第四段中的“She is,indeed, obsessed with her physical appearance”（的确，她很在意自己的外表）可知，作者预言将来女儿会非常在意自己的外貌。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“But when she looks good on the outside, she feels more confident on the inside. In turn, that makes her a kinder ,more compassionate and more understanding person”（但是当她外表看起来不错的时候，她的内心会更自信。反过来，这使她成为一个更善良、更富有同情心、更善解人意的人）可知，作者的女儿认为外在美可以帮助提升内在美，从而使自己感觉更好。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“I know this is something she needs to do. Creating an identity for herself as an individual outside of her family unit is a natural and necessary part of the teenage process”（我知道这是她需要做的。在家庭单位之外为自己创造一个独立的身份是青少年成长过程中自然和必要的一部分）可知，作者认为女儿外出前的那些“准备工作”是可以理解的。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ so will she hopefully learn that sometimes it's okay to go out in a less-than-perfect outfit or without makeup. Somewhere deep down, her freewheeling 9-year-old self still knows that”（所以希望她能明白，有时候穿不太完美的衣服或者素颜出去也没关系。在内心深处，她那个随心所欲的9岁的自己仍然知道这一点）可知，作者希望女儿明白：她不必总是以完美的形象出门。故选D项。
C
Elon Musk isn’t content with electric cars, shooting people into orbit and populating Mars. He also wants to get inside your brain.
His goal is to develop devices that can provide treatment to neural (神经的) diseases and that may one day be powerful enough to put humanity on an equal footing with possible future super intelligent computers.
Not that it’s anywhere close to that yet.
In a video Friday obviously aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. It’s designed to be put in a person’s head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.
But the young company is far from having a commercial product, which would involve complex human trials and governmental approval. Friday’s video showed three pigs. One, named Gertrude, had a Neuralink device in its brain.
Musk, a founder of both the electric car company Tesla Motors and the space-exploration firm SpaceX, has always been worried about that smarter AI machines will outwit humans. His solution Link our brains to computers so we can keep up with or even win over them in intelligence!
Musk urged coders (程序员), engineers and especially people who have actually created a product to apply. “You don’t need to have brain experience,” he said, adding that this is something that can be learned on the job.
Connecting a brain up directly to electronics is not new. Doctors have already put similar devices in brains to treat such conditions as Parkinson’s disease. In 2016, researchers reported that a man regained some movement in his own hand with a similar brain implant. But Musk’s proposal goes beyond this. Neuralink wants to build on those existing medical treatments and work on devices that could link our brains to computers one day.
8 What can we learn about the first version of the Neuralink
A. It is smaller than a hearing aid.
B. It can be put in a person’s head.
C. It has to be placed behind the ear.
D. It is already available at the market.
9. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “outwit” in paragraph 6
A. copy B. defeat C. understand D. destroy
10. What kind of candidates does Elon Musk particularly want
A. Someone who also wants to create the same device.
B. Doctors who already know how to treat brain diseases.
C. People who have already designed some unique products.
D. Engineers who are good at linking brains to computers.
11. Where is this text likely from
A. An advertisement. B. A test report.
C. A science fiction novel. D. A news report.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了 Elon Musk最新推出的Neuralink人机接口。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In a video Friday obviously aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. It’s designed to be put in a person’s head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.(在周五的一段显然是 寻找新员工的视频中，Musk展示了 Neuralink的第二版，一枚大硬币大小的设备。它被设计成放在一个人的大脑里面。该设备的早期版本像一个巨大的助听器一样必须被放在耳朵后面)”可知，第一版的接口必须挂在耳后。故选C。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文“His solution Link our brains to computers so we can keep up with or even win over them in intelligence!(他的解决方案？把我们的大脑和电脑连接起来，这样我们就能在智力上跟上它们，甚至战胜它们)”可推断，Elon Musk担心人工智能机器人会打败人类由此他的解决方案是将人类的大脑和电脑连接起来，这样就能跟上AI甚至打败他们。故推测划线词的意思表示“打败”，与defeat意思相近。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第七段“Musk urged coders (程序员), engineers and especially people who have actually created a product to apply. (Musk敦促程序员、工程师，特别是那些实际创造了一种产品的人来申请)”可知，Elon Musk特别垂青那些有独创作品的程序员及工程师。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“In a video Friday obviously aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. It’s designed to be put in a person’s head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.(在周五的一段显然是为了招聘新员工的视频中，马斯克展示了第二个版本的Neuralink，这是一种大硬币大小的设备。它被设计用来植入人的大脑。该设备的早期版本必须像一个巨大的助听器一样放在耳朵后面)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Elon Musk在本周五演示录像中展示的产品——最新推出的Neuralink人机接口设备进行的报道和说明。由此推知，这篇文章可能来自一篇新闻报道。故选D。
D
Outside of Asia, Madagascar has the longest tradition of rice production, and this crop is grown in almost all districts of the country. For the Malagasy people, rice is an important part of their diet: many families eat it three times a day, and most of it is homegrown. In Madagascar, however, people earn less than $1.90 per day on average, and the Malagasy population is severely affected by food shortages. Domestic (国内的) production of rice, for example, still does not meet the needs of the island, and the country has to rely heavily on imported rice to help ensure the nation has enough food.
Madagascar has set itself the goal of being rice self-sufficient. To work towards this, an FAO South-South Cooperation project began between China and Madagascar. Chinese experts on rice production came to Madagascar to provide training to farmers on how to grow and harvest a greater-yielding (更高产) type of rice.
The new kind of rice seeds is better suited to the Malagasy subtropical climate, which consists of a hot and rainy season between November and the end of March and a cooler dry season from May to October. This Weichu rice variety has been especially developed to fit the climatic and soil conditions of Madagascar.
Across three areas of the island, 124 rice farmers took part in the project, working together with a Chinese expert team, to benefit from both theoretical and field training on rice production. To date, the harvest has yielded about 8.45 tonnes on average per hectare (公顷) compared to the 2.8 tonnes per hectare that was harvested before the project. Alain Randrianarivelo, who has farmed rice for more than 20 years, says,“I think this new variety of rice is the future of our agriculture. The yield obtained is breathtaking.”All the other participating farmers think so, too.
For Madagascar as a country, this new variety will allow it to be self-sufficient by considerably reducing the level of rice imports.
12 What did the Chinese experts mainly do in Madagascar
A. They made efforts to improve the land. B. They developed new rice seeds in poor soil.
C. They introduced ways to earn a good living. D. They taught locals how to grow a new kind of rice.
13 Why is the Weichu rice variety used in Madagascar
A. It meets the high demands of the Malagasy people. B. It suits the varying conditions there.
C. It is the best rice variety worldwide. D. It can be grown twice a year there.
14. What can be inferred about the 124 rice farmers in the project
A. They are far-sighted. B. They are pioneers in farming.
C. They find the yield fairly satisfying. D. They doubt the advanced farming technique.
15. What would be the best title for the text
A. Doing experiments in Madagascar B. Increasing types of Madagascan rice
C. Bringing Madagascar into the future D. Helping Madagascar become rice self-sufficient
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了马达加斯加国内的大米生产仍然不能满足该岛的需求，该国不得不严重依赖进口大米来帮助确保国家有足够的粮食，于是中国专家在马达加斯加主要他们教当地人如何种植一种新的水稻，帮助帮助马达加斯加实现大米自给自足。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“To work towards this, an FAO South-South Cooperation project began between China and Madagascar. Chinese experts on rice production came to Madagascar to provide training to farmers on how to grow and harvest a greater-yielding (更高产的) type of rice.(为此，粮农组织在中国和马达加斯加之间启动了一个南南合作项目。中国水稻生产专家来到马达加斯加，为农民提供如何种植和收获高产水稻的培训)”可知，中国专家在马达加斯加主要他们教当地人如何种植一种新的水稻。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This Weichu rice variety has been especially developed to fit the climatic and soil conditions of Madagascar.(这种威楚水稻品种是专门为适应马达加斯加的气候和土壤条件而开发的)”可知，在马达加斯加使用威楚水稻品种因为它适合那里不同的条件。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Alain Randrianarivelo, who has farmed rice for more than 20 years, says,“I think this new variety of rice is the future of our agriculture. The yield obtained is breathtaking.” All the other participating farmers think so, too.( Alain Randrianarivelo种植水稻已有20多年，他说：“我认为这种新型水稻是我们农业的未来。获得的收益是惊人的。”所有其他参与的农民也都这么认为)”可推知，该项目的124名稻农发现产量相当令人满意。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“For Madagascar as a country, this new variety will allow it to be self-sufficient by considerably reducing the level of rice imports.(对于马达加斯加这个国家来说，这种新品种将大大减少大米进口，从而使其能够自给自足)”结合文章主要说明了马达加斯加国内的大米生产仍然不能满足该岛的需求，该国不得不严重依赖进口大米来帮助确保国家有足够的粮食，于是中国专家在马达加斯加主要他们教当地人如何种植一种新的水稻，帮助帮助马达加斯加实现大米自给自足。由此可知，D选项“帮助马达加斯加实现大米自给自足”最符合文章标题。故选D。
第二节 七选五(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分)
Benefits of Personality Tests
Can identifying one’s personality type using the MBTI and other personality assessments really help They may. ____16____
Better understand others
After taking a personality test and seeing our results, we can gain a better understanding of all the different perceptions and reactions that others might have to the same situation. ____17____. No personality type is “better” than any other — just different. Each perspective brings something new and interesting to the table.
Identify our likes and dislikes
Maybe we’ve always hated talking on the phone but never really understood why. ____18____. By using personality tests like the MBTI, we can learn more about where we lie on the extroversion/introversion and thinking/feeling continuum (连续性). This helps us better understand why we prefer certain things and dislike others.
____19____.
Learning more about our personality type can also help us discover new ways to approach challenges. Knowing what might work best for our personality type can give us new ideas on how to solve problems, deal with stress, cope with conflict, and manage our work habits.
Recognize our strengths and weaknesses
Knowing what we are good at can be important in a wide variety of situations, whether we are picking a college major or thinking about running for a seat on our local school board. For example, if we know that we are an ISTJ (introverted, sensing, thinking, and judging) on the MBTI, we might recognize that certain aspects of our personality might qualify as strengths in some situations and weaknesses in others. ____20____, it can sometimes trip us up in situations where we need to let other people take control.
A. Hold on to ideas about who we are
B. Know which situations are ideal for us
C. Here’s an overview of the many benefits of personality tests
D. While they reveal truth that showcases different aspects of personality
E. While our organizational skills and carefulness can be a major strength in our work
F. This is important because we all have different ways of seeing and interacting with the world
G. Or perhaps we’ve always needed much time to think about a problem before making a decision
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了性格测试的好处。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Can identifying one’s personality type using the MBTI and other personality assessments really help They may.(用MBTI和其他人格评估来识别一个人的人格类型真的有帮助吗？他们可能有帮助。)”可知，上文讲述的是性格测试有好处。选项C“Here’s an overview of the many benefits of personality tests(以下是性格测试诸多好处的概述)”承接上文指出性格测试有好处，同时引出下文具体的好处。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据空前内容“After taking a personality test and seeing our results, we can gain a better understanding of all the different perceptions and reactions that others might have to the same situation.(在进行性格测试并看到我们的结果后，我们可以更好地理解其他人对相同情况的不同看法和反应。)”可知，得知自己的性格后，我们可以更好地理解其他人对相同情况的不同看法和反应。选项F“This is important because we all have different ways of seeing and interacting with the world(这一点很重要，因为我们都有不同的看待世界和与世界互动的方式)”延续上文内容，指出理解不同的人对相同情况有着不一样的看法很重要。故选F。
18题详解】
根据空前“Maybe we’ve always hated talking on the phone but never really understood why.(也许我们总是讨厌打电话，但从来没有真正明白为什么。)”可知，我们并不明白自己讨厌某件事的原因。选项G“Or perhaps we’ve always needed much time to think about a problem before making a decision(或者也许我们在做决定之前总是需要很多时间来思考问题)”与上文内容一致，指的是我们也不明白为什么自己在做决定之前总是需要很多时间来思考问题。故选G。
【19题详解】
空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Learning more about our personality type can also help us discover new ways to approach challenges. Knowing what might work best for our personality type can give us new ideas on how to solve problems, deal with stress, cope with conflict, and manage our work habits.(更多地了解我们的性格类型也可以帮助我们找到应对挑战的新方法。知道什么最适合我们的性格类型，可以给我们解决问题、处理压力、处理冲突和管理工作习惯的新思路。)”可知，本段讲述的是了解自己的性格类型可以帮助我们找到应对挑战的新方法，从而了解什么是最适合我们的。选项B“Know which situations are ideal for us(知道哪些情况对我们来说是最理想的)”正是本段内容的综述。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据空前内容“For example, if we know that we are an ISTJ (introverted, sensing, thinking, and judging) on the MBTI, we might recognize that certain aspects of our personality might qualify as strengths in some situations and weaknesses in others.(例如，如果我们知道自己在MBTI测试中属于ISTJ型(内向、敏感、思考和判断)，我们可能会意识到我们性格的某些方面在某些情况下可能是优势，而在另一些情况下可能是劣势。)”可知，上文讲述的是我们性格的某些方面在某些情况下可能是优势，而在其他情况下则可能是劣势。而空后内容“it can sometimes trip us up in situations where we need to let other people take control.(它有时会在我们需要让别人控制的情况下绊倒我们。)”指的是劣势，由此可推断，空处指的应该是优势。选项E“While our organizational skills and carefulness can be a major strength in our work(虽然我们的组织能力和细心是我们工作中的一大优势)”指出组织能力和细心是我们工作中的一大优势，与下文内容逻辑一致，指出这样的优势在某些情况下会成为劣势。故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共45分)
第一节 完型填空(共15 小题，每题1分，满分15分)
In the summer of 2018, I decided to do a solo expedition (独自探险) across Antarctica. To get some ____21____, I did a two-week training course. I learned all the ____22____: how to camp in the snow, how to pull a sled and what clothing to wear. In October, I flew to Antarctica from Punta Arenas. I’d allowed 70 days, which would make it the longest ____23____ one-way expedition across Antarctica
I only took ____24____. I didn’t even take a hairbrush. The first few days were ____25____. The winds were about 60 mph, and my sled weighed 120 kg. Even if the visibility is good, you can’t ____26____ much — it’s a white horizon. I was on the move for 13 to 15 hours a day.
Then, I found the conditions to be much worse. There was more sastrugi (雪脊) and it felt colder. The last 40 hours were really hard. I ____27____ about 14 times every two hours. As a result, I fell behind ____28____. In the end, I ____29____ 922 miles and fell more than 100 miles short of my goal. Towards the end of my trip, a helicopter flew to pick me up. The ____30____ I felt when I saw the dot in the distance was unbelievable.
It took me a while to be ____31____ of what I’d achieved, because I had failed to reach my ____32____ goal, but I’ve learned it’s ____33____to move the goalposts. I don’t agree with the idea of conquering (征服) somewhere. You treat places with ____34____ and hope they’ll allow you ____35____ passage.
21. A. donation B. experience C. attention D. rescue
22. A. basics B. risks C. benefits D. aids
23. A. cooperative B. romantic C. unsupported D. abnormal
24. A. companions B. necessities C. cashes D. credits
25. A. pleasant B. calm C. tough D. lucky
26. A. talk B. hear C. feel D. see
27. A. fell over B. dropped out C. looked away D. put up
28. A. fundraising B. supply C. schedule D. homework
29. A. measured B. designed C. searched D. covered
30. A. burden B. relief C. pain D. anxiety
31. A. proud B. skeptical C. shy D. ashamed
32. A. insignificant B. unbearable C. disturbing D. initial
33. A. regrettable B. unnecessary C. acceptable D. inappropriate
34. A. respect B. courage C. carelessness D. coldness
35. A. narrow B. safe C. limited D. challenging
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者2018年穿越南极洲的单人探险，一路上遇到了很多困难，虽然最后没有达到最初的目标，但作者还是为自己感到骄傲。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了获得一些经验，我参加了一个为期两周的培训课程。A. donation捐赠；B. experience经历；C. attention注意力；D. rescue救援。根据后文“I did a two-week training course”可知，参加培训课程是为了获得经验。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学会了所有的基本知识：如何在雪地里露营，如何拉雪橇以及穿什么衣服。A. basics基础；B. risks风险；C. benefits利益；D. aids帮助。后文“how to camp in the snow, how to pull a sled and what clothing to wear”是作者学到的基本知识。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我安排了70天的时间，这将使它成为穿越南极洲最长的无支持的单程探险A. cooperative合作的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. unsupported无支持的；D. abnormal反常的。呼应上文“do a solo expedition”作者是独自去的，所以无支持。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只带了必需品。A. companions同伴；B. necessities必需品；C. cashes现金；D. credits信用。根据后文“I didn’t even take a hairbrush.(我甚至都没带梳子)”可知，作者只带了必需品上路。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的几天很难熬。A. pleasant令人愉快的；B. calm平静的；C. tough艰难的；D. lucky幸运的。根据后文“The winds were about 60mph, and my sled weighed 120kg.(风速约为每小时60英里，我的雪橇重达120公斤)”可知，一开始很困难，风速约为每小时60英里，雪橇重达120公斤。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使能见度很好，你也看不见很多东西——这是一片白色的地平线。A. talk谈话；B. hear听见；C. feel感觉；D. see看见。上文“Even if the visibility is good”提到了能见度，对应的是看到东西，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我每两个小时摔倒14次。A. fell over摔倒；B. dropped out辍学；C. looked away转移目光；D. put up放置。上文“Then, I found the conditions to be much worse.”提到了情况更糟糕了，结合上文提到风速大，视野差，说明作者经常摔倒，选项中fell over符合语境。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果，我落后于计划。A. fundraising资金筹集；B. supply供给量；C. schedule计划；D. homework家庭作业。根据后文“fell more than 100 miles short of my goal”可知，作者落后于计划了。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我走了922英里，离我的目标还差100多英里。A. measured测量；B. designed设计；C. searched搜索；D. covered覆盖，行走。根据后文“922 miles”表示走了多少距离，应用动词cover。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到远处的那个点时，我感到难以置信的宽慰。A. burden负担；B. relief安慰；C. pain痛苦；D. anxiety焦虑。根据后文“I felt when I saw the dot in the distance was unbelievable”可知，作者到达了终点，所以是感到宽慰。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了一段时间才为我所取得的成就感到自豪，因为我没有达到我最初的目标，但我知道改变目标是可以接受的。A. proud骄傲的；B. skeptical怀疑的；C. shy害羞的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据后文“of what I’d achieved”指为取得的成就感到自豪，应用be proud of。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了一段时间才为我所取得的成就感到自豪，因为我没有达到我最初的目标，但我知道改变目标是可以接受的。A. insignificant不重要的；B. unbearable难以忍受的；C. disturbing令人不安的；D. initial最初的。根据上文“because I had failed to reach my”以及后文提到了改变目标可以接受，说明作者没能达到最初的目标。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了一段时间才为我所取得的成就感到自豪，因为我没有达到我最初的目标，但我知道改变目标是可以接受的。A. regrettable后悔的；B. unnecessary不必要的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. inappropriate不合适的。上文“ It took me a while to be 11 of what I’d achieved, because I had failed to reach my 12 goal, but I’ve learned it’s”中but表示转折，说明虽然没有达到最初目标，但指导改变目标也是可以接受的。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你以尊重的态度对待每个地方，希望它们能让你安全通行。A. respect尊重；B. courage勇气；C. carelessness粗心；D. coldness寒冷。根据上文“I don’t agree with the idea of conquering somewhere.(我不同意征服某个地方的想法)”可知，作者认为要尊重对待每个地方。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你以尊重的态度对待每个地方，希望它们能让你安全通行。A. narrow狭窄的；B. safe安全的；C. limited有限的；D. challenging挑战性的。根据上文“hope they’ll allow you”指尊重每一个地方，他们才能让你安全通行。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nut carving, known as Hediao in Chinese, generally refers to two kinds of carvings that use the fruit’s pit(核), like peach pits, and walnut(核桃) as the raw material.
It gained popularity in the Song Dynasty, and by the Ming Dynasty, the art form ___36___(make)very high achievements, with many of the rich and high officials considering ___37___ fashionable to wear a piece of nut carving around. The ancient artists left their accomplished skills on those small ___38___(work), which featured human figures, various birds and beasts, and even lines of poems.
The hardest thing about nut carving is ___39___ each piece of the raw material is different in texture (纹理) and flexibility. By looking at the textures on the surface of a walnut, a seasoned carving artist can basically tell whether the piece can ___40___ (use) for carving. In carving the artwork, the artist should first have ___41___ basic blueprint in his mind according to the textures on the surface, and then make adjustments when meeting any ___42___(hide) holes in the pits or walnuts. The whole carving process ___43___(constant) requires reconsideration and creation, and there is no established pattern to follow.
___44___(be) a good nut carver, one needs not only the basic skills in painting, calligraphy, and carving, but special materials, knives, good ___45___ (observe), flexible fingers, unique ideas, and exceptional patience.
【答案】36. had made
37. it 38. works
39. that 40. be used
41. a 42. hidden
43. constantly
44. To be 45. observation
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的传统工艺——核雕。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：它在宋代开始流行，到明代，这种艺术形式已经取得了很高的成就，许多富人和高级官员认为戴一块核雕在周围是一种时尚。空处作谓语动词，结合时间状语by the Ming Dynasty可知，表示到明代时期的事情发展结果，应用过去完成时。故填had made。
【37题详解】
考查it作形式宾语。句意同上。空处作consider的宾语，真正宾语为to wear a piece of nut carving around，空处用it作形式宾语。故填it。
【38题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：古代艺术家在这些小作品上留下了他们精湛的技艺，这些作品有人物，有各种鸟兽，甚至有诗句。空处作介词on的宾语，此处work意思为：作品，空前有those，表示数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填works。
【39题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：核雕最难的是每一块原料的质地和弹性都不一样。is后为表语从句，从句成分齐全、句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。
【40题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：通过观察核桃表面的纹理，一个经验丰富的雕刻艺术家基本上可以判断出这件作品是否可以用于雕刻。whether引导宾语从句，空处缺少谓语动词，the piece与use构成被动关系，此处用被动语态，can后用动词原形。故填be used。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：艺术家在雕刻艺术品时，首先要根据表面的纹理在脑海中有一个基本的蓝图，然后遇到在坑中或核桃里隐藏的洞时要做出调整。blueprint为名词单数，此处泛指“一个基本的蓝图”，basic以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。空处修饰holes，应用形容词hidden“隐藏的”，作定语。故填hidden。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：整个雕刻过程不断需要重新思考和创造，没有既定的模式可循。空处修饰动词requires，应用副词，作状语。故填constantly。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：要成为一个好的核雕雕刻者，不仅需要基本的绘画、书法和雕刻技巧，还需要特殊的材料、刀具、良好的观察力、灵活的手指、独特的想法和非凡的耐心。根据句意可知，空处表示目的，应用动词不定式，作状语。放在句首，首字母大写。故填To be。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处为名词，与materials，knives，fingers，ideas和patience并列，observation“观察力”为不可数名词。故填observation。
第四部分 书面表达(共2小题，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
46. 近来世界局势动荡不安，某些国家更是处于交战状态。假设你是某中学学生李华。请你给某英文报社VIEWS专栏投稿，表达你对该形势的看法。内容应包括以下要点：
1.表达担忧;
2.阐述战争的危害;
3.表达对和平的向住。
注意：
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3.标题已经给出，不计入总词数。
A Few Thoughts on World Peace
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Although all the people in the world are against war, they can never avoid war.This is indeed a pity.War is very terrible.
Hearing about war,everyone will feel fearful.Thousands of people will lose their lives and waste a lot of money. As long as war is inevitable, it will bring us pain and damage,and human beings can not enjoy long peace.How miserable their fate is. I have two suggestions for peace.
First of all,education should be considered.Knowledge comes from education,which is a more reliable way to wisdom.Wisdom enables us to distinguish between right and wrong.The other is religion.Most religions in the world advocate forgiveness in order to eliminate hatred and revenge.Education and religion can work together to make the world become more beautiful with wisdom and love.We hate war and embrace peace.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是应用文。要求考生给某英文报社VIEWS专栏投稿，表达你对战争的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
躲避：avoid→escape
害怕的：fearful→frightened
不可避免的：inevitable→unavoidable
痛苦的： miserable→painful
2.句式拓展简
单句变复合句
原句：Hearing about war,everyone will feel fearful.
拓展句：When they hear about war,everyone will feel fearful.
【点睛】【高分句型1】How miserable their fate is.(运用了how引导的感叹句)
【高分句型2】Knowledge comes from education,which is a more reliable way to wisdom.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分 25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Harry’s reward
Harry didn’t want to learn to swim. He couldn’t figure out what the use of learning to swim was. But Harry’s parents believed it was a great pity for a healthy boy to be afraid of the wind and the sea.
“Everybody, especially every Englishman and boy, should know how to swim,” Papa had said. “There is never any knowing the use it may be of.”
“Isn’t it very hard to learn ” Harry asked.
“It takes some patience,” his father said. “But in three weeks or so, you should be able to swim fairly well, if you have a lesson every day.”
There was no escaping it, however. Papa, though very kind, was very firm, and once he said a thing, it had to be done. So with a rather white face, poor Harry set off every day for his swimming lesson. He was a quick and clever boy, and a strong boy, and his father knew this. After the initial fear was overcome, it went on better and faster than could have been expected. Two weeks later, Harry had the pleasure of hearing his father say to his mother, “He swims already very nearly as well as I do myself.”
Seacliff, the place at which the family was spending the summer, was not a fashionable watering place but a little village. There were a few gentlemen’s houses in the neighborhood, so that in fine weather merry groups met at the little sheltered bay among the rocks.
One day, Harry, having finished his own morning swim, set off to walk home at his ease. Suddenly a sound disturbed his pleasant thoughts. A carriage was rushing wildly along, coming nearer and nearer. The driver, Ann, stood upright in the carriage (马车), hitting the poor horse as if she were mad, while from time to time she screamed, “Help, help!”
“What is it ” screamed Harry too, as Ann passed. She would not stop, but she threw back some words through the wind. “My sister—Alice—is drowning (淹溺). Go to the village to fetch someone who can swim.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Harry ran back to the bathing place at once.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There were plenty of hands to help carry them to land once they were within a safe distance; however, it was Harry who was the true hero.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Harry ran back to the bathing place at once. He had scarcely reached the place when he spotted a girl struggling in the water. The situation was so dangerous and urgent that there was no time to waste. Although Harry was nervous and anxious, he set his teeth and dived into the water with fierce determination. With attentive strokes, he quickly approached the girl and reached out to grab her arm. Knowing the importance of haste, Harry used all his strength to pull her through the water, focusing solely on her rescue.
There were plenty of hands to help carry them to land once they were within a safe distance; however, it was Harry who was the true hero. Thunderous applause erupted, acknowledging Harry’s bravery and selflessness. A sense of pride surged within Harry as he realized that without his prior swimming experience and the confidence it had instilled in him, he might not have been able to save the girl, which was the ultimate reward. From that moment on, Harry never questioned the value of swimming skills and continued to improve them, cherishing the preciousness of life.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Harry不想学游泳，他不明白学游泳有什么用，但Harry的父母认为，一个健康的男孩害怕风和海是一件很可惜的事，在父母的坚持下，Harry学会了游泳，当他们在Seacliff避暑时，Harry遇到Ann，Ann说她的妹妹爱丽丝快要淹死了，她要去村里找个会游泳的人来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Harry立刻跑回海滨浴场。”可知，第一段可描写Harry如何救Ann。
②由第二段首句内容“一旦他们到了安全的距离，就会有很多人帮助他们上岸；然而，Harry才是真正的英雄。”可知，第二段可描写Harry受到人们的赞赏并且意识到游泳的价值。
2.续写线索：到达Ann溺水的地方——Harry奋力救人——抓住Ann——把Ann从水里拉出——人们鼓掌——Harry自豪——Harry意识到游泳的价值
3.词汇激活
行为类
①跳进水里：dive into the water/jump into the water
②抓住：grab/seize
③涌起：surge/uprush
情绪类
①紧张：nervous/strained
②急切：anxious/eager
【点睛】[高分句型1] The situation was so dangerous and urgent that there was no time to waste. (由so...that...引导的结果状语从句)
[高分句型2] Although Harry was nervous and anxious, he set his teeth and dived into the water with fierce determination. (由although引导的让步状语从句)
听力答案1-5 BCAAA 6-10 CBCBB 11-15 CABAC 16-20AACAB2022级高二学年下学期期中考试
英语试题
考试时间: 120分钟 分值: 150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where have the speakers probably just been
A. At a class party. B. At a grocery store. C. In a furniture store.
2. How much does it cost to ask three questions
A. $15 B. $14. C. $12.
3. How did the children help the woman
A. By carrying her luggage. B. By finding the apartment. C. By buying something for her.
4. What does the woman mean
A. The man needs to finish the book.
B. The ending of the book will be boring.
C. The man should check with his professor.
5. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Have dinner. B. Pick up a gift. C. Look at a piece of jewelry.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What do the speakers see up ahead on the road
A. There is construction going on.
B. There is a long line at the traffic light.
C. Some policemen are dealing with something.
7. What are the speakers going to do next
A. Take another route. B. Turn on the radio. C. Call the woman's mother.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the man doing
A. Trying out a camera. B. Chatting with a salesperson. C. Reading reviews of cameras.
9. Where does the woman suggest the man buy a camera
A. From the mall. B. From the local shop. C. From the online shop.
听第8段材料， 回答第10至 12题。
10. What color is the man's shirt now
A. Bright red. B. Light pink. C. Bright pink.
11. How did the man wash his shirt
A. He had it dry-cleaned. B. He washed it by hand. C. He washed it in a washing machine.
12. What will the man probably do in the end
A. Keep his shirt. B. Return his shirt. C. Change his shirt.
听第9段材料, 回答第13 至 16题。
13. What information can visitors learn about in the museum
A. Different trees. B. Wild birds. C. The weather.
14. When did the woman visit the museum
A. Last Thursday. B. Last Saturday. C. Last Sunday.
15. How long did it take the woman to get back home from the museum
A. About 15 minutes. B. About 20 minutes. C. About 30 minutes.
16. Who can get free access to the museum
A. One under 15. B. One under 17. C. One under 18.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至 20题。
17. What did the man study in university
A. Law. B. Medicine. C. Economics.
18. What fruit has something in common with coco a beans
A. Apples. B. Bananas. C. Grapes.
19. What is the most difficult part of making chocolate
A. Melting it correctly. B. Cooling it in time. C. Testing it regularly.
20. What is the speaker's key to success
A. Growing high-quality coco a beans.
B. Keeping a diary of his experiments.
C. Trying to test various chocolate.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节 (共 15 小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分)
A
Our Products and Services
Model 3
Model 3 is a four-door mid-size sedan (轿车) that we designed with a base price for mass-market appeal, which we began delivering in July 2017. We currently build Model 3 at the Fremont Factory as well as at Gigafactory Shanghai. We currently offer Model 3 in Rear-wheel Drive (后轮驱动) and Dual Motor All-wheel Drive versions.
Model Y
Model Y is a sport utility vehicle (“SUV”) built on the Model 3 platform with the ability for seating for up to seven adults. We currently build Model Y at the Fremont Factory, and are further raising production there and making preparations for production next at Gigafactory Shanghai. We currently offer Model Y in some Dual Motor All-wheel Drive versions.
Model S and Model X
Model S is a four-door full-size sedan that we began delivering in June 2012. Like Model 3, it introduced Tesla vehicle most basic features such as a large touchscreen driver interface, Auto-driving hardware, over-the-air software updates, and fast charging through our Supercharger network.
Model X is a mid-size SUV with seating for up to seven adults, which we began delivering in September 2015. Model X introduced features including unique falcon (鹰) wing doors for easy access to passenger seating and an all-glass panoramic (全景的) windshield (挡风玻璃).
Model S and Model X are equipped with a standard Dual Motor All-wheel Drive powertrain and are also available in Performance versions. We build Model S and Model X at the Fremont Factory.
1. What can we know about Model 3 and Model S
A. They are both a SUV. B. They both have Rear-wheel Drive.
C. They both have Auto-driving hardware D. Neither of them can be fast charged.
2. Which model is most suitable for a big family of five children who want a better view in a car
A. Model 3. B. Model Y. C. Model S. D. Model X.
3. What do all the Tesla models have in common according to the passage
A. Dual Motor All-wheel Drive. B. Falcon wing doors.
C. Having a factory in Shanghai. D. Seating for up to seven people.
B
Alice, age 9:"Mom, do I have to brush my hair today "
Me: Um, yes, it would be great if you could brush your hair every day!
In Alice's world, brushing her hair was an inconvenient nuisance(令人讨厌的事).I knew back then that this feeling would not last forever. One day I would pry (撬开) her hairbrush out of her hand and tear her away from the mirror. Five years later, my prediction has come true.
At age 14, there is no such thing for Alice as a spur-of-the-moment(一时兴起的) trip outside of the house. She is, indeed, obsessed with her physical appearance. Hair has to be brushed, makeup applied, and clothes changed many times before she can even think about leaving the house.
We have spoken at length about how looks don't matter and that being a good, kind and compassionate person in this world is way more important than any aesthetic(审美观).Each time we have this conversation, Alice reminds me that she knows technically looks aren't important. But when she looks good on the outside, she feels more confident on the inside. In turn, that makes her a kinder, more compassionate and more understanding person.
So while I will never be happy to see my daughter try on many shirts only to pick the first one she tried, or spend an hour getting ready for an event when the rest of the family were ready in 10 minutes, I know this is something she needs to do. Creating an identity for herself as an individual outside of her family unit is a natural and necessary part of the teenage process.
And just as she learned over the years that hair-brushing is probably a good idea, so will she hopefully learn that sometimes it's okay to go out in a less-than-perfect outfit or without makeup. Somewhere deep down,her freewheeling 9-year-old self still knows that.
4. What was the author's prediction about Alice
A. She would avoid looking in the mirror.
B. She would refuse to stay at home all the time.
C. She would be very concerned about her appearance.
D. She would forget to brush her hair before going out.
5 Why does Alice spend time on her appearance
A. To impress others. B. To make herself feel better.
C. To display her unique personality. D. To attract kind people as friends.
6. What is the author's attitude toward Alice's behavior
A. Worried. B. Indifferent. C. Disappointed. D. Understanding.
7. What lesson does the author hope Alice will learn
A. She cannot meet everyone's needs.
B. She should learn some makeup skills.
C. She needs to learn a lot as she grows up.
D. She doesn't always have to go out with a perfect image.
C
Elon Musk isn’t content with electric cars, shooting people into orbit and populating Mars. He also wants to get inside your brain.
His goal is to develop devices that can provide treatment to neural (神经的) diseases and that may one day be powerful enough to put humanity on an equal footing with possible future super intelligent computers.
Not that it’s anywhere close to that yet.
In a video Friday obviously aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. It’s designed to be put in a person’s head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.
But the young company is far from having a commercial product, which would involve complex human trials and governmental approval. Friday’s video showed three pigs. One, named Gertrude, had a Neuralink device in its brain.
Musk, a founder of both the electric car company Tesla Motors and the space-exploration firm SpaceX, has always been worried about that smarter AI machines will outwit humans. His solution Link our brains to computers so we can keep up with or even win over them in intelligence!
Musk urged coders (程序员), engineers and especially people who have actually created a product to apply. “You don’t need to have brain experience,” he said, adding that this is something that can be learned on the job.
Connecting a brain up directly to electronics is not new. Doctors have already put similar devices in brains to treat such conditions as Parkinson’s disease. In 2016, researchers reported that a man regained some movement in his own hand with a similar brain implant. But Musk’s proposal goes beyond this. Neuralink wants to build on those existing medical treatments and work on devices that could link our brains to computers one day.
8. What can we learn about the first version of the Neuralink
A. It is smaller than a hearing aid.
B. It can be put in a person’s head.
C. It has to be placed behind the ear.
D. It is already available at the market.
9. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “outwit” in paragraph 6
A. copy B. defeat C. understand D. destroy
10. What kind of candidates does Elon Musk particularly want
A. Someone who also wants to create the same device.
B. Doctors who already know how to treat brain diseases.
C. People who have already designed some unique products.
D. Engineers who are good at linking brains to computers.
11. Where is this text likely from
A. An advertisement. B. A test report.
C. A science fiction novel. D. A news report.
D
Outside of Asia, Madagascar has the longest tradition of rice production, and this crop is grown in almost all districts of the country. For the Malagasy people, rice is an important part of their diet: many families eat it three times a day, and most of it is homegrown. In Madagascar, however, people earn less than $1.90 per day on average, and the Malagasy population is severely affected by food shortages. Domestic (国内的) production of rice, for example, still does not meet the needs of the island, and the country has to rely heavily on imported rice to help ensure the nation has enough food.
Madagascar has set itself the goal of being rice self-sufficient. To work towards this, an FAO South-South Cooperation project began between China and Madagascar. Chinese experts on rice production came to Madagascar to provide training to farmers on how to grow and harvest a greater-yielding (更高产的) type of rice.
The new kind of rice seeds is better suited to the Malagasy subtropical climate, which consists of a hot and rainy season between November and the end of March and a cooler dry season from May to October. This Weichu rice variety has been especially developed to fit the climatic and soil conditions of Madagascar.
Across three areas of the island, 124 rice farmers took part in the project, working together with a Chinese expert team, to benefit from both theoretical and field training on rice production. To date, the harvest has yielded about 8.45 tonnes on average per hectare (公顷) compared to the 2.8 tonnes per hectare that was harvested before the project. Alain Randrianarivelo, who has farmed rice for more than 20 years, says,“I think this new variety of rice is the future of our agriculture. The yield obtained is breathtaking.”All the other participating farmers think so, too.
For Madagascar as a country, this new variety will allow it to be self-sufficient by considerably reducing the level of rice imports.
12. What did the Chinese experts mainly do in Madagascar
A. They made efforts to improve the land. B. They developed new rice seeds in poor soil.
C. They introduced ways to earn a good living. D. They taught locals how to grow a new kind of rice.
13. Why is the Weichu rice variety used in Madagascar
A. It meets the high demands of the Malagasy people. B. It suits the varying conditions there.
C. It is the best rice variety worldwide. D. It can be grown twice a year there.
14. What can be inferred about the 124 rice farmers in the project
A. They are far-sighted. B. They are pioneers in farming.
C. They find the yield fairly satisfying. D. They doubt the advanced farming technique.
15. What would be the best title for the text
A. Doing experiments in Madagascar B. Increasing types of Madagascan rice
C. Bringing Madagascar into the future D. Helping Madagascar become rice self-sufficient
第二节 七选五(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分)
Benefits of Personality Tests
Can identifying one’s personality type using the MBTI and other personality assessments really help They may. ____16____
Better understand others
After taking a personality test and seeing our results, we can gain a better understanding of all the different perceptions and reactions that others might have to the same situation. ____17____. No personality type is “better” than any other — just different. Each perspective brings something new and interesting to the table.
Identify our likes and dislikes
Maybe we’ve always hated talking on the phone but never really understood why. ____18____. By using personality tests like the MBTI, we can learn more about where we lie on the extroversion/introversion and thinking/feeling continuum (连续性). This helps us better understand why we prefer certain things and dislike others.
____19____.
Learning more about our personality type can also help us discover new ways to approach challenges. Knowing what might work best for our personality type can give us new ideas on how to solve problems, deal with stress, cope with conflict, and manage our work habits.
Recognize our strengths and weaknesses
Knowing what we are good at can be important in a wide variety of situations, whether we are picking a college major or thinking about running for a seat on our local school board. For example, if we know that we are an ISTJ (introverted, sensing, thinking, and judging) on the MBTI, we might recognize that certain aspects of our personality might qualify as strengths in some situations and weaknesses in others. ____20____, it can sometimes trip us up in situations where we need to let other people take control.
A. Hold on to ideas about who we are
B. Know which situations are ideal for us
C. Here’s an overview of the many benefits of personality tests
D. While they reveal truth that showcases different aspects of personality
E. While our organizational skills and carefulness can be a major strength in our work
F. This is important because we all have different ways of seeing and interacting with the world
G. Or perhaps we’ve always needed much time to think about a problem before making a decision
第三部分 语言知识运用(共45分)
第一节 完型填空(共15 小题，每题1分，满分15分)
In the summer of 2018, I decided to do a solo expedition (独自探险) across Antarctica. To get some ____21____, I did a two-week training course. I learned all the ____22____: how to camp in the snow, how to pull a sled and what clothing to wear. In October, I flew to Antarctica from Punta Arenas. I’d allowed 70 days, which would make it the longest ____23____ one-way expedition across Antarctica
I only took ____24____. I didn’t even take a hairbrush. The first few days were ____25____. The winds were about 60 mph, and my sled weighed 120 kg. Even if the visibility is good, you can’t ____26____ much — it’s a white horizon. I was on the move for 13 to 15 hours a day.
Then, I found the conditions to be much worse. There was more sastrugi (雪脊) and it felt colder. The last 40 hours were really hard. I ____27____ about 14 times every two hours. As a result, I fell behind ____28____. In the end, I ____29____ 922 miles and fell more than 100 miles short of my goal. Towards the end of my trip, a helicopter flew to pick me up. The ____30____ I felt when I saw the dot in the distance was unbelievable.
It took me a while to be ____31____ of what I’d achieved, because I had failed to reach my ____32____ goal, but I’ve learned it’s ____33____to move the goalposts. I don’t agree with the idea of conquering (征服) somewhere. You treat places with ____34____ and hope they’ll allow you ____35____ passage.
21. A. donation B. experience C. attention D. rescue
22. A. basics B. risks C. benefits D. aids
23. A. cooperative B. romantic C. unsupported D. abnormal
24. A. companions B. necessities C. cashes D. credits
25. A. pleasant B. calm C. tough D. lucky
26. A. talk B. hear C. feel D. see
27. A. fell over B. dropped out C. looked away D. put up
28. A. fundraising B. supply C. schedule D. homework
29. A. measured B. designed C. searched D. covered
30. A. burden B. relief C. pain D. anxiety
31. A. proud B. skeptical C. shy D. ashamed
32. A. insignificant B. unbearable C. disturbing D. initial
33 A. regrettable B. unnecessary C. acceptable D. inappropriate
34. A. respect B. courage C. carelessness D. coldness
35. A. narrow B. safe C. limited D. challenging
第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nut carving, known as Hediao in Chinese, generally refers to two kinds of carvings that use the fruit’s pit(核), like peach pits, and walnut(核桃) as the raw material.
It gained popularity in the Song Dynasty, and by the Ming Dynasty, the art form ___36___(make)very high achievements, with many of the rich and high officials considering ___37___ fashionable to wear a piece of nut carving around. The ancient artists left their accomplished skills on those small ___38___(work), which featured human figures, various birds and beasts, and even lines of poems.
The hardest thing about nut carving is ___39___ each piece of the raw material is different in texture (纹理) and flexibility. By looking at the textures on the surface of a walnut, a seasoned carving artist can basically tell whether the piece can ___40___ (use) for carving. In carving the artwork, the artist should first have ___41___ basic blueprint in his mind according to the textures on the surface, and then make adjustments when meeting any ___42___(hide) holes in the pits or walnuts. The whole carving process ___43___(constant) requires reconsideration and creation, and there is no established pattern to follow.
___44___(be) a good nut carver, one needs not only the basic skills in painting, calligraphy, and carving, but special materials, knives, good ___45___ (observe), flexible fingers, unique ideas, and exceptional patience.
第四部分 书面表达(共2小题，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
46. 近来世界局势动荡不安，某些国家更是处于交战状态。假设你是某中学学生李华。请你给某英文报社VIEWS专栏投稿，表达你对该形势的看法。内容应包括以下要点：
1.表达担忧;
2.阐述战争的危害;
3.表达对和平的向住。
注意：
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3.标题已经给出，不计入总词数。
A Few Thoughts on World Peace
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写(满分 25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
Harry’s reward
Harry didn’t want to learn to swim. He couldn’t figure out what the use of learning to swim was. But Harry’s parents believed it was a great pity for a healthy boy to be afraid of the wind and the sea.
“Everybody, especially every Englishman and boy, should know how to swim,” Papa had said. “There is never any knowing the use it may be of.”
“Isn’t it very hard to learn ” Harry asked.
“It takes some patience,” his father said. “But in three weeks or so, you should be able to swim fairly well, if you have a lesson every day.”
There was no escaping it, however. Papa, though very kind, was very firm, and once he said a thing, it had to be done. So with a rather white face, poor Harry set off every day for his swimming lesson. He was a quick and clever boy, and a strong boy, and his father knew this. After the initial fear was overcome, it went on better and faster than could have been expected. Two weeks later, Harry had the pleasure of hearing his father say to his mother, “He swims already very nearly as well as I do myself.”
Seacliff, the place at which the family was spending the summer, was not a fashionable watering place but a little village. There were a few gentlemen’s houses in the neighborhood, so that in fine weather merry groups met at the little sheltered bay among the rocks.
One day, Harry, having finished his own morning swim, set off to walk home at his ease. Suddenly a sound disturbed his pleasant thoughts. A carriage was rushing wildly along, coming nearer and nearer. The driver, Ann, stood upright in the carriage (马车), hitting the poor horse as if she were mad, while from time to time she screamed, “Help, help!”
“What is it ” screamed Harry too, as Ann passed. She would not stop, but she threw back some words through the wind. “My sister—Alice—is drowning (淹溺). Go to the village to fetch someone who can swim.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式相应位置作答。
Harry ran back to the bathing place at once.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There were plenty of hands to help carry them to land once they were within a safe distance; however, it was Harry who was the true hero.
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听力答案1-5 BCAAA 6-10 CBCBB 11-15 CABAC 16-20AACAB
