2024年人教版中考英语总复习题型-翻译题做题技巧+专题训练2（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
翻译题做题技巧+专题训练2
六、典型错误
1. 结构混乱
我弟弟擅长于画画。
误：My brother is good at draw.
正：My brother is good at drawing.
解析：“擅长于做某事”应该说be good at doing something，不能说be good at do something。
句不成句
这颜色与海洋植物的颜色相同。
误：The color and the sea plants color same.
正：The color is the same as the color of the sea plants.
解析：缺少对完整句子结构的理解，翻译结果往往是简单地用几个单词堆积拼凑而成，没有最基本的句子成分。
3. 望文生义
幸运的是，有人救了我们。
误：Lucky is, have a man saved us.
正：Luckily (Fortunately), a man (someone/somebody) saved us.
解析：机械直译，将汉语的语言习惯生搬硬套到英语中去，致使译出的英语不符合英语表达习惯。
4. 词序颠倒
我有一些有趣的事情要告诉你。
误：I have interesting something to tell you.
正：I have something interesting to tell you.
解析：形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything时，该形容词应该放在这些词的后面。
5. 误用词语
大多数学生同意他的意见
误：Most students agreed his suggestion.
正：Most students agreed with him.
解析：“同意某人的意见”，应该用短语agree with somebody。
6. 遗漏谓语
因为他家很穷，
误：Because his family very poor，
正：Because his family was very poor，
解析：poor是形容词，不能作谓语，应该加上系动词be。
易错点、难点总结：
1.连词的翻译
and : 和、与
（1）Lucy and her mother often go shopping on weekends.
露西和她妈妈经常周末去购物。(不可省）
（2）Young people and older people do not always agree. They sometimes have different ideas about living, working and playing.
（3）The sun is bright,and the sky is clear.
太阳是明亮的，和天空是干净的。 (X)
（4）He left the company in March last year and went to Harvard as a visiting scholar.
（5）However ,they worry about their schoolwork and can't fall asleep quickly.
（6）他不开心，不知道如何处理这件事。
英语中“though”、“but”/ “because”、 “so”只能用其中之一，但汉语中“虽然……但是”、“因为……所以”等句式结构要可以成对使用。
Though it isn’t like a table, I like it very much.
虽然它看起来不像张桌子，但是我很喜欢它。（成对使用）
翻译练习：
虽然那个梦想没有实现，但是现在他成功了。
2.it 句型的翻译
引导词it做形式主语、形式宾语时，本身没有独立意义,可以省译。
熟记 it 句型：
It be + adj. (for sb) to do sth.
It takes sb.（some time) to do sth.
I find/think it +adj to do sth.
It`s time to do sth.
翻译练习：
It was difficult to remember all the faces and names.
I think it hard for them to understand your joke.
It took the volunteers the whole afternoon to clean up the park.
3.否定转移的翻译
当主句部分是“I don’t think” ， “I don’t believe”， “I don’t suppose” 等结构时，翻译成汉语时，要注意 。
I don’t think he can pass the exam.
我认为他不可能通过这次考试。
翻译练习：
I don't believe that he can speak to the old so impolitely.
我认为我们不该浪费时间。
我相信他不会抽烟。
4.主谓一致 易错点
1.主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, like, but, except, besides, no less than, more than, rather than, including等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。如：
Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。
The students as well as the teacher were present at the meeting. 学生们以及老师都出席了会议。
2由and连接的两个名词作主语，如果是指同一概念（and后没有定冠词）则谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Their teacher and friend is Mr. Li. 他们的老师和朋友是李先生。(老师和朋友指同一个人)
The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)
3、就近一致的原则
指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。
（1）由or, either…or…, whether ... or ..., neither…nor…, not only…but also…, not…but… 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。如：
Either my wife or I am going. 要么我妻子去要么我去。
Not the students but I was wrong. 不是学生错了，而是我错了。
Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer. 你、我、任何人都不知道答案。
（2）there/here be句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。
Here are the boys I am looking for. 这些就是我正在寻找的男孩。
There is a book and three pens on the desk. 书桌上有一本书和三支钢笔。
4、表示“时间，距离，金钱，重量，数目，长度”等复数名词、词组作主语时，一般被看做一个整体，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：Twenty miles is a long distance. 20英里是一段很长的距离。
Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。
Forty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书40美元太贵了。
课堂练习
2022-2023-2长郡二模
So, exam time is around the corner. Have you done the necessary work to get good marks 66. Sleeping with the textbook under the pillow(枕头) doesn’t work. Knowledge won’t come into your brain magically when you sleep. The best way is to space your practice out, rather than fill it all together. 67. 不要只是依靠你的记忆力。 You can start by reading a textbook with your favourite pens and colors, and then write down the important ideas on small cards. While doing so, you actually try to test yourselves on these small cards.
Good reviews will give you confidence, 68. but if you are still worried, it’s not harmful to follow some special customs. In China, when the kid takes the big exam, mum will always wear a Qipao. Qi, means “flag”. It’s the first character in an idiom(成语) that means “to win victory upon raising the flag”, and which has been suitable to wish students sweeping success on their exams.
In Japan, 69. 对学生们而言，在考试前吃一种特别的安慰食物似乎是一种传统。 The comfort food is made up of a bowl of egg and pork pieces named Katsudon. The name of the dish makes people think of the word “katsu”, meaning “winning”. 70. For some students in South Korea, the key to success is not washing their hair before an exam, because they believe they could wash all the knowledge out of their heads. And in different parts of the world, there are always those who believe in their “lucky numbers”.
The bottom line is that you need to study, eat a good meal, sleep well on the eve of the test, and believe that your efforts will pay off.
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2022-2023-2附中集团九下期中联考
阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
On New Year’s Eve, my grandfather gave me a red lantern(红灯笼) as a Chinese New Year gift. 66. 它是中国传统节日的标志之一。 This beautiful man-made gift caught my eyes as soon as I saw it.
Looking like a small pumpkin, the lantern was made of red plastic(塑料). 67. When it was lit, the small drum inside would play beautiful music. I enjoyed the great pleasure.
The lantern reminded Dad of his childhood. 68. 在那时，他的家庭是如此的贫穷以至于他们没有钱买灯笼。 Then grandpa made a lantern by hand. He used a glass bottle as the outer shell(外壳), and it was covered with a piece of red paper. This little lantern would look even better if candles were lit inside. However, Dad suddenly fell down and the lantern was broken. Dad cried sadly.
After hearing Dad’s story, I was touched. 69. Now as life is improving and many families are richer than before, we can afford lanterns. Times are changing, 70. what remains the same is the love for family and the wish for better life hidden behind the lanterns.
We are so lucky to live in this time. I would like to give best wishes to everyone, and wish our hearts like red lanterns to be lit and brightened forever.
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2022年模拟卷一
You must often take public transport and make payments online. 66. If you are using Ant Forest, these daily activities can help turn deserts into forests. Ant Forest records users’ low-carbon (低碳的) activities and gives users “green energy”. When a user’s green energy gets high enough, Ant Forest will plant a real tree for the user.
Ant Forest received the 2019 Champions of the Earth Award, for it encourages people to live greener lifestyles and protect the environment.
67. 蚂蚁森林已经在中国最干旱的地区种了大约1.22亿棵树。The trees cover an area of 112,000 hectares (公顷). This makes Ant Forest China’s largest tree-planting project started by a private company. 68. This is only part of China’s efforts to make the Earth greener. In 1978. China began a national-level forestation (造林) project—the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program (三北防护林工程), also known as the “Great Green Wall”. The program has seen trees planted in 13 provinces and autonomous regions (自治区) in northern China to act as windbreaks (防护林). 69.由于这些树，沙尘暴在北方城市不常见。
Because of China’s success in dealing with desertification(沙漠化), the United Nations Environment Programme praises that the country is a good example for others to follow. 70. China is one of the most successful countries in greening the desert and has lessons to share with the world.
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2022年模拟卷二
The world is not hungry, but it is thirsty. 66. It seems strange that nearly three fourths of the earth is covered with water. However, we say we are short of water. Why Because about 97% of water on the earth is seawater which we can’t drink or use for watering plants directly. Man can only drink and use the 3% —--- the water that comes from rivers and lakes. 67. And we can’t even use all of that, because some of it has been polluted.
Now more water is needed. The problem is: Can we avoid a serious water shortage later on 68.首先，我们都应该学会怎么节约水。Secondly, we should find out the ways to reuse it. Scientists have always been making studies in the field. Today, in most large cities water is used only once and then runs to the sea or rivers. But it can be used again. Even if every large city reused its water, still there would not be enough. What could people turn to next
The sea seems to have the best answer. There is a lot of water in the sea. 69. All that needs to be done is to get the salt out of the sea water. This is expensive, but it’s already used in many parts of the world. 70. 科学家们正努力寻求一种成本更低的方法。So you see, if we can’t find a way out, we’ll be in danger of drying up.
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2022年模拟卷三
What’s your dream People like to ask their children the same question. 66. Jake from the US had different answers to the question when he was a little boy. But when he was 12, he got his final answer. After he saw his father do weightlifting (举重), he had a big dream. He wanted to be the strongest kid in the world. Jake told us “Like father, like son”. He also said, “My father is very strong. 67.因此，我想像父亲一样强壮。” Then, he started to train.
Jake trained very hard to make his dream come true. When his friends were playing, he spent most of his time on weightlifting. 68. After two years of hard work, the boy could lift more than twice his own weight. Now he trains three times a day at school. And he hopes to lift more weights.
Jake has talked about his love for weightlifting and his dream to many people. However, not everyone is excited about it. Some people are worried that too much training may be bad for the growing of the boy’s body. Jake’s parents say 69.他们一点都不担心儿子的健康，because he gets regular check-ups (定期体检) and good training. Jake said, “I will try my best to become successful.” But he also told us, “70. Even though I may not succeed in the end. I wouldn’t feel pity after trying my best.”
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2022年模拟卷四
66. Have you ever dreamed of traveling back to ancient China See with your own eyes the dressing tables used during the Ming Dynasty. Play some long-lost Chinese musical instruments (乐器) and enjoy their sounds. How interesting it would be!
That is what Zhong Yetang has done. For sure, she doesn’t have a time machine. She “travels” back in time by reading and studying books and other materials.
Zhong began to show an interest in traditional Chinese culture at an early age. Her favorite book was A Dream of Red Mansions (《红楼梦》). The girl couldn’t stop turning its pages. 67.她对过去的生活了解了很多。Later, Zhong went to the US to study. 68. To her surprise, many of her American classmates were interested in traditional Chinese culture. They asked her lots of questions about China. And some of them were really hard for her to answer, so the girl decided to further explore (探究) Chinese culture.
Now, Zhong makes online videos about traditional Chinese culture. One of them is about the traditional clothing of China’s 56 ethnic groups (少数民族). 69.尽管这段视频只持续了九分钟，但她花了两年时间制作它。She designed many of the clothes by herself. To do this, she read lots of books and asked experts for advice. Zhong calls herself the “gold miner of traditional culture”. “As a miner, I feel that I have ‘dug’ a shallow layer (浅层) of our treasure house,” says Zhong. 70. In the future, she is going to make more videos to spread Chinese culture and help more people “see” ancient China with their own eyes.
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2022年模拟卷五
67.这个山道受到成千上万的远足者的欢迎。The story describes the silent forests and beautiful lakes in a great way. But as a writer with comic genius (喜剧天分). Bryson also finds humor in the difficulties that he and his old friend, Stephen, went through.
68.一路上发生了许多愚蠢的事情。At the beginning, Bryson reads about the dangers of the wild and stays awake for hours each night, because he is worried he will be killed by bears. Later the two middle-aged men try to climb a mountain but get caught in a snowstorm. 69. They get lost more than once, but they always manage to find their way back to the trail. They also meet a lot of strange people.
70. But the story is more than just a laugh-out-loud hike. Bryson also talks about acid rain (酸雨), the hunting of birds and damage to the ecosystem (生态系统). It’s a fresh way of getting readers to actually care about the environmental problems.
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2022年模拟卷六
Primary and junior high school students now are allowed to stay at school for two hours after school is over. Students can enjoy their hobbies or take part in other after-school activities.
This is one of the key measures (措施) of the “double reduction” policy ( “双减”政策) across the country. The policy tries to reduce students’ stress caused by too much homework and after-school training. Children can have all-round development at school, 66. and their personal growth will be taken more important than success.
When students leave school, they can see their parents, instead of their grandparents, waiting outside to pick them up. Students are happy about it, and parents, too.
“It’s good that I can come to pick up my son,” said Mrs. Wang, a mother of a second-grader. “67. I’ve bought extra exercise books for him to do since he has no homework now. I still need to know how well he has learned.”
The changes also mean that students can choose to do their homework at school after classes.
“68.四点下课后我们有阅读课，” said Zhang Zirui, a primary school student. “Then we do our homework at school. I don’t have to do homework when I go back home.”
Lan Lan, a student at a junior high school, has less homework now. “The teacher has cut out the repetitive contents (重复乏味的内容) in the homework, which I welcome a lot,” she said, “69. 有很多的课后活动供我们参加。It’s great.”
Mr. Wang, a father of a junior high school student, said 70. the measures showed the government’s great efforts to lighten the burden (负担) on schools, parents and students.
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2022年模拟卷七
The world has many beautiful sounds. We can hear the songs of birds and the laughter of people. We can listen to cool music and news reports. And it’s all because of our ears! They bring us a world of sounds.
66.但是有些人压根儿听不到任何声音。Some are born deaf. Others can hear well in their childhood, but too many loud sounds hurt their ears later on.
Many people in China can’t hear common sounds clearly. A large number of them are children. Most of them are born with good hearing. But 6 children out of every 1,000 have hearing problems when they are born. And if a child has hearing problems, usually he or she will also have learning problems at school.
A lot of things can cause hearing problems. For example, too much earwax (耳垢) is not good for our hearing. 67. And noise louder than 85 decibels (分贝) can hurt our ears and make us lose our hearing for a while or even forever.
Hearing is important for all of us. 68.所以我们应该尽最大努力给予我们的耳朵特殊呵护。Don’t forget to do the following:
Try to stay away from places with too much noise. If you have to go, wear earplugs (耳塞). A pair of good earplugs can cut the noise by 30 decibels.
69. When swimming, remember to put earplugs into your ears to stop water from getting in.
Never put anything sharp (尖锐的) into your ears. If you think you have too much earwax, ask your mum or dad to help you clean it out.
70. If you keep these things in mind, you won’t have trouble in hearing sounds.
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2022年模拟卷八
Emma stared (凝视) sadly out of the window of the bus. Only 50 miles outside town was the farm. She thought about the farm all the time, especially the animals.
When her family sold the farm and moved to nearby town, 66. Emma如此激动以至于晚上无法入睡。But when she got to the new school, she felt very lonely. With a sigh(叹气), 67. Emma turned her attention back to the present. The bus came to a stop. “Welcome to the Leinweber Nature Center,” her teacher said. “A guide will give us an introduction about animals here, and then you’ll help to feed the baby squirrels (松鼠).”
Together, the girls walked into the center. 68. After the introduction, an animal keeper showed them how to feed baby squirrels with milk. Then the girls started to feed their own baby squirrels. After the babies finished eating, the keeper asked, “Would you like to help feed the adult squirrels, too ”
Emma was quick to volunteer. When the keeper opened the first cage, the squirrel inside jumped out. Emma kept calm, held out her hand, made quiet sounds, and then quickly made it.
“Wow!” Julia said. “You are not afraid at all How I wish I could be brave like you!”
“69. When animals are frightened or excited, you have to stay calm.” The keeper nodded in agreement and asked Emma, “Are you interested in helping take care of the animals at the center ”
“Interested I would love to work here! 70.我会友善地对待每个动物，并且将爱和欢乐传递给它们。” ” Emma was excited.
That afternoon, in the bus on the way back to school, Emma sat next to Julia, her new friend. A rush of new found happiness washed over her.
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参考答案
长郡
66. 把课本放在枕头下睡觉是不管用的。/ 和枕头下的课本睡觉是不管用的。
67. Don’t just / only depend on your memory. / Don’t depend on your memory alone.
68. 但是如果你仍然焦虑，遵循一些特殊的习俗是没有害处的。
69. it seems (to be) a tradition for students to eat a kind of special comfort food before an
exam
70. 对韩国的一些学生而言，成功的关键是考前不洗头发。
附中
66. It was one of the symbols of traditional Chinese festivals.
67. 当它被点燃的时候，（灯笼）里面的小鼓就会播放美妙的音乐。
68. At that time, his family was so poor that they had no money to buy a lantern.
69. 现在随着生活水平的提高，许多家庭都比过去更加富裕，我们都能买得起灯笼了。
70. 保持不变的是藏在灯笼里的那份对家庭的热爱和对更好生活的期望。
2022年模拟卷一
66.如果你在使用蚂蚁森林，这些日常行为能够帮助沙漠变成森林。
67.Ant Forest has planted about 122 million trees in the driest area of China.
68.这只是中国让地球变得更绿所做的部分努力。
69. Because of these trees, it is not common to see sandstorm in the north cities.
70.中国是让沙漠变绿的最成功的国家之一并且有经验去分享给世界。
2022年模拟卷二
66．奇怪的是，近四分之三的地球被水覆盖。
67．我们甚至不能全部使用，因为有些已经被污染了。
68．First, we all should learn how to save water.
69．所有需要做的就是把盐从海水中分离出来。
70．Scientists are trying to find a cheaper way.
2022年模拟卷三
66 ．对于这个问题，来自美国的 Jake 有不同的答案。
67 ．So I want to be as strong as my father.
68 ．经过两年的努力，这个男孩能举起超过自己体重两倍的重量。
69 ．they don’t worry about their son’s health at all.
70 ．即使我最后可能不会成功，但尽了最大的努力，我也不会感到遗憾。
2022年模拟卷四
66.你曾经梦想过穿越回到古代的中国吗？
67. She learned a lot about the life in the past.
68.令她惊讶的是，她的许多美国同学都对中国传统文化感兴趣。
69. Although the video lasts for only nine minutes, she spent two years making it.
70.在未来，她将制作更多的视频来传播中国文化，帮助更多的人亲眼见识古代的中国。
2022年模拟卷五
66.这是个真实的故事，被写成了喜剧。
67. The trail is popular with thousands of hikers.
68. A lot of silly/ stupid things happen on/along the way.
69.他们不止一次迷路，但是他们总是能够找到路回到山道。
70.但是这个故事不仅仅是一次令人捧腹大笑的远足。
2022年模拟卷六
66．并且比起成功，他们的个人成长将被认为更重要。
67．因为他现在没有家庭作业，我已经买了额外的练习册/课外练习让他做。
68．We have a reading course after classes end at 4:00 p.m.
69．There are lots of after-school activities for us to take part in.
70．这些措施体现了政府为减轻学校、家长和学生负担而做的巨大努力。
2022年模拟卷七
66.But some people can’t hear any sound at all.
67.并且高于85分贝的噪音会损害我们的耳朵，让我们在短时间内甚至永远失去听力。
68.So we Should do our best to give our ears special care.
69.当游泳时，记得把耳塞塞进你的耳朵，以防止水进入。
70.如果你牢记这些事情，听声音将不会有问题（困难）。
2022年模拟卷八
Emma was so excited that she couldn't fall asleep at night .
67. Emma 把注意力放回了当下。
68．介绍之后，一名动物饲养员向他们展示了如何用牛奶喂小松鼠。
69．当动物感到害怕或兴奋时，你必须保持冷静。
70.I will treat each animal kindly and pass on love and happiness to them .
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