(共32张PPT)
Unit 3
1.冠词的用法
冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两种，不定冠词a/an仅用在可数名词单数前，表示“一”的意义，用于泛指。定冠词the表示“这”“那”“这些”“那些”的意思，在可数名词的单复数或不可数名词前都可以用，表示特指。
（1）不定冠词的用法
①泛指某一类人、事或物。例如：
An elephant is much stronger than a man. 大象比人强壮得多。
②泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人何物。例如：
A man is sitting there. 一个男子正坐在那里。
③表示“每一”，相当于every。例如：
I go to school five days a week. 我一周上五天学。
④表示“一个”的概念。例如：
I have a sister. 我有一个妹妹。
⑤用在某些固定词组中。例如：
a lot of 许多
【注意】a用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于元音音素开头的单词前。
（2）定冠词的用法
①表示特指的人或物。例如：
The children are coming. 孩子们就要来了。
②表示世界上独一无二的事物。例如：
the sun 太阳
③指说话双方都知道的人或物。例如：
Open the door, please.请打开门。
④指上文提到过的人或物。例如：
I have a car. The car is red. 我有一辆小汽车，它是红色的。
⑤用于序数词、形容词或副词最高级前。例如：
The first lesson is the easiest one in this book. 第一课是这本书中最简单的一课。
⑥用于专有名词、某些形容词、姓氏复数前。例如：
the Great Wall长城
the poor穷人
the Greens格林一家人
⑦用于乐器名称、方位词等前。例如：
play the piano弹钢琴
on the left在左边
（3）零冠词的用法
①在球类活动、学科名称前以及节日、月份、星期前不用冠词。例如：
play basketball打篮球
②名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或数词等作定语时，名词前不用冠词。例如：
this eraser这块橡皮擦
her pen她的钢笔
③在某些固定短语或习惯用语中不用冠词。例如：
by bus乘公共汽车 at home在家
2.大数字的表达法
用英语表达大数字时,每三位数字为一个单位，每个单位里的数字按照百、十、个位向后读，遵循百位以内数字的读法。而进位的读法则为thousand （千），million（百万），billion（十亿）向上递增。例如：
6,500,431,729 读作six billion, five hundred million, four hundred and thirty-one thousand, seven hundred and twenty-nine
基础达标
一、用a，an，the或“＼”填空。
1.—Mum, where is my shirt
—It’s in ____ black bag near the door.
the
2.My sister never has ___ breakfast.
\\
3.—Can you play ___ football with us
—Sorry, I don’t have ___ football.
\\
a
4.Bob has ____ orange schoolbag. It’s very beautiful.
an
5.Mike had ___ cold. He needs to see ___ doctor.
a
a
二、单项选择。
1.Did you know that the Earth is home to ________ animals ( )
A
A.millions of B.millions C.million
2.It is raining outside. Why not take an ________ with you ( )
B
A.coat B.umbrella C.shirt
3.There are two ________ pupils in this school.( )
A
A.thousand B.thousands C.thousands of
4.—Can you write the number seventy-two thousand, five hundred and
twenty-six
—Yes, it is ________.( )
C
A.72,562 B.27,562 C.72,526
5.Please turn to page ________ and look at the pupils in this
school.( )
B
A.tenth B.ten C.the tenth
素养提升
三、完形填空。
The sky was clear and the wind was gentle, but it didn’t make me feel better. On my way to the . .1. .， I was so worried about my mother.
Rushing into the sickroom, I saw my mother with short hair lying on the bed in a mess, and in her arms a little baby was crying. Then I noticed my little brother —a cute and small baby. He was like a toy with a swollen（肿胀的） face. Seeing him, I thought everything was just like a dream. I didn’t . .2. . him.
Everyone congratulated（祝贺） me on the . .3. . of my little brother, but I didn’t feel joyful. I felt so anxious（焦虑的） that I couldn’t imagine what life would be like living with a baby. Anyway, . .4. . new chapter（篇章） of my life began.
Every morning at 5, I woke up by his crying. Then I had to play with him and try my best to make him . .5. .. Yes, I had to act like a big sister. At first, I was tired of this, since it isn’t an easy job to . .6. . a baby.
But one day, while we were playing in front of the mirror, I smiled at him and suddenly he . .7. . back. Melted by his cuteness, my heart was full of happiness. All my . .8. . went away. I realized that living with a baby wasn’t always terrible.
I gradually found that life is more . .9. . ever since his birth. I also realized how hard it was for my parents when I was a kid. I love my family even more. I am starting an unforgettable journey in my life with my dear brother . .10. ..
1.( ) A.school B.library C.hospital
C
2.( ) A.like B.hate C.understand
A
3.( ) A.life B.living C.birth
C
4.( ) A.other B.others C.another
C
5.( ) A.sad B.happy C.bored
B
6.( ) A.look up B.look at C.look after
C
7.( ) A.smiled B.cried C.shouted
A
8.( ) A.illness B.tiredness C.happiness
B
9.( ) A.difficult B.comfortable C.interesting
C
10.( ) A.excitedly B.unluckily C.terribly
A
四、阅读理解。
Peru （秘鲁）, the fifth largest Latin American country, had a population around 14 million in the 1960s. Almost half of these people lived in the city areas （地区）. Around Lima, there were 20% of the total （总数） population in 1961. The population here grew faster than anywhere else in Peru and in another 35 years reached 1/3 of the total population.
About 45% of the people were Indians and 50% were white or mixed （混合人种） and the others were Asians, black people or people from other countries.
In island areas, only about half of the people could read and write, but at the places near the sea, 2/3 of the people could read and write.
根据短文内容，选择正确的答案。
1.Which of the following is TRUE ( )
A
A.Four countries are larger than Peru in Latin America.
B.Peru is the largest country in Latin America.
C.Peru is the fifth largest country in North America.
2.How many Peruvians （秘鲁人） lived in the country areas ( )
B
A.About 14,000,000. B.About 7,000,000. C.About 4,000,000.
3.By the year 1996, the population in Lima was possibly about
________.( )
C
A.2,800,000 B.7,000,000 C.4,800,000
4.In the past 35 years, the population in Lima grew faster than
________.( )
B
A.any place in Peru
B.any other place in Peru
C.any place in Latin America
5.People living along the sea were possibly ________.( )
A
A.better educated （受到教育的）
B.worse educated
C.poorer in reading
五、书面表达。
国家开放三孩政策后，很多家庭都可能有新的成员加入，那我们的生活会怎样呢？你会为家里做些什么？假设你现在是家里唯一的孩子，请以“If I have a new brother or sister”为题，根据要点提示并作适当发挥，写一篇80词左右的短文阐述你的感受和做法。
内容提示：1.感到高兴，因为有弟弟或妹妹可以一起玩……
2.会为家里做些事情，比如打扫卫生……
3.会帮忙照顾弟弟或妹妹，带他/她出去散步……
参考词汇：有某人一起玩have sb. to play with；做家务do some housework；带某人去散步take sb. for a walk
If I have a new brother or sister
#b#
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I think my life will be different if I have a new brother or sister. I’ll be very happy. Because I’ll have a younger brother or sister to play with and talk with. I want to say thanks to my parents. I will do something for my family. On weekends, I’ll help my mum do some housework, such as cleaning the room and sweeping the floor. I’ll learn to look after myself. Because my parents are too busy to look after both of us. After my younger brother or sister is born, I’ll help
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
my mother look after him or her. When I am free, I’ll take him or her for a walk and play with him or her. And I’ll help him or her with his or her study when he or she is old enough to go to school.
In a word, I’m getting ready for the coming of my younger brother or sister.
知识清单
重点短语
1._________________ ……的人口
the population of…
2.____________ 为……做准备
prepare for…
3.__________太（多）
too much
4.________例如
such as
5.___________发生
take place
6._______________等一下
hang on a minute
7.____________做笔记
make notes
8.____________关闭
close down
9.________搬到
move to
10._______________公共服务
public service
11.________________解决问题
solve a problem
12.__________________努力做
make an effort to do
13._____________从……中减少……
reduce... from…
14.________________满足……的需要
meet the needs of
重点句型
1._______________________________纽约的人口是多少？
What’s the population of New York
2.______________________________________________. 我正在为一篇叫作《世界人口》的报告做准备。
I’m preparing a report called “The world’s population”
3.________________我简直无法相信!
I can’t believe it!
4._________________________________________而且这个数字在2030年会上升到85亿。
And the number will climb to 8. 5 billion in 2030.
5._________________________________________________________________人口增长最大的将会发生在印度、尼日利亚和巴基斯坦。
The largest increase in population will take place in India, Nigeria and Pakistan.
6.__________________________________等等！我要做些笔记！
Hang on a minute! I’ll make some notes!
7.______________________________________________________________________________当人口增长过快，会造成一些问题，例如交通拥堵和噪声。
When populations increase too fast, it can cause problems, such as too much traffic and noise.
8.________________________________________________________帕克维尔靠近一个拥有一千万人口的城市——阿恩威克。
Parkville was near Arnwick, a city with a population of 10,000, 000.
9.________________________________________________交通状况总是很糟糕，更不用说空气污染了。
The traffic is always bad, not to mention the air pollution.
10._____________________________________________________________________________________幸运的是，政府正尽一切努力通过提供更好的公共服务来解决阿恩威克的问题。
Luckily, the government is making a great effort to solve Arnwick’s problems with better public services.
11._______________________________________________________________________将会有更多的当地医院来满足日益增长的人口需要。
There will also be more local hospitals to meet the needs of the increasing population.
知识要点
1.能够正确使用冠词：定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词。
2.掌握大数字的表达法。
3.能够正确使用大数字和冠词来表述关于人口与城市发展的话题。(共17张PPT)
Unit 2
1.People from Parkville moved to Arnwick to find jobs. However, it was expensive to live in the city centre, so… 帕克维尔的人们搬到阿恩威克去找工作。然而，住在阿恩威克的市中心很贵，所以……
这两句话中含有多个to，它们的用法各不相同。
（1）move to意为“搬到（什么地方）”，to指的是一个方向。
（2）to find jobs在句中作目的状语，意为“（帕克维尔的人们搬到阿恩威克的）目的是找工作”。
（3）to live in the city centre意为“住在市中心”，是句子的主语。本句句式结构为“It+系动词+形容词+（for sb. / of sb. ） to do sth.”，意为“做某件事（对某人来说）是……”。其中，it作为句子形式上的主语，无任何意义，真正的主语是后面的不定式部分。例如：
It’s very difficult for me to finish the job today. 对于我来说今天完成这项工作太困难了。
2.The traffic is always bad, not to mention the air pollution. 交通状况总是很糟糕，更不用说空气污染了。
mention作动词，意为“提及；谈到”。not to mention意为“更不用说”。例如：
It really looks good and has a good quality, not to mention cheap. 它真的看上去不错，而且质量也很好，更何况还便宜。
3.Luckily, the government is making a great effort to solve Arnwick’s problems with better public services. 幸运的是，政府正尽一切努力通过提供更好的公共服务来解决阿恩威克的问题。
（1）make an effort to do sth.意为“努力做……”，强调主观上付出的努力，相当于try one’s best to do sth.。例如：
Sam makes an effort to improve his handwriting.=Sam tries his best to improve his handwriting. 萨姆努力把字写好。
（2）with作介词，意为“用……；带有,具有；和……一起；随着”等。在此句中，with意为“用……”。例如：
We can walk with our legs and feet. 我们能用腿脚行走。（用……）
Can you go to a movie with me 你能和我一起去看电影吗？（和……一起）
This is our classroom with forty desks. 这是我们的教室，有40张桌子。（带有）
With the development of our country, we live a better life. 随着我们国家的发展，我们的生活更好了。（随着）
4.There will be more schools, so pupils won’t need to travel far. 将来会有更多的学校，所以学生将不需要再走很远的路（去上学）。
There will also be more local hospitals to meet the needs of the increasing population. 将会有更多的当地医院来满足日益增长的人口需要。
need意为“需要”，作实义动词时，后可接名词或to do，意为“需要某物/做某事”。例如：
We need to tell him the truth. 我们需要告诉他真相。
need还可作名词，“meet the needs of…”意为“满足……的需要”。例如：
How can we best meet the needs of all the different groups 我们怎样才能最好地满足所有不同组的需要呢？
基础达标
一、根据句意及中文提示写出正确的单词。
1.Be ______（安静的）, please. Your father is sleeping.
quiet
2.When you see a lot of ________（垃圾） in your school, how do
you feel
rubbish
3.I can’t find the best way to ______（解决） the problem.
solve
4.There is always good _______（服务）
and comfortable seats in Moon Theatre.
service
5.What subject shouldn’t we ________（提及） when we are talking
with others in China
mention
二、用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.The serious air _________（pollute）made so many people sick.
pollution
2.The railway station is always _________（crowd）.
crowded
3.There’re many kinds of activities in my school to meet the ______
（need） of the students.
needs
4.Some farmers need to go to big cities ________（find） jobs.
to find
5.It _____（take） me two hours to finish writing the report yesterday.
took
三、单项选择。
1.We should make more efforts ________ our environment.( )
B
A.protect B.to protect C.protecting
2.Guilin is a beautiful city ________ a population more than 4.9
million.( )
C
A.on B.at C.with
3.The ________ of traffic made me awake all night.( )
B
A.voice B.noise C.sound
4.—________ is the population of our city
—About 2 million.( )
C
A.How many B.How much C.How large
5.You need ________ warm clothes, or you will catch a cold.( )
B
A.wearing B.to wear C.wears
四、按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。
1.The school isn’t far from my home.（改为同义句）
The school is ______ ___ my home.
close
to
2.Living in the city centre is expensive. （改为同义句）
____ __________ ___ live in the city centre.
It’s
expensive
to
3.Lucy studies in a school. It has 2,000 pupils. （合并为一句）
Lucy studies ___ ___ _______ _____ 2,000 pupils.
in
a
school
with
4.The population of the city is more than 1,300,000. （就画线部分提
问）
______ ___ the population of the city
What
is
5.In order to hear you clearly, please raise your voice.（改为同义句）
Please raise your voice ____ _____ we can hear you clearly.
so
that
能力训练
五、根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，完成短文。部分单词需要进行词形转换。
birth large solve problem another
increase pollution
Even though the world’s birth rate is becoming lower, we will get
1. . 131.4 million people every year. More than 90% of this
growth is in some developing（发展中的） countries.
another
When the population 2. . to about 10 billion before the
end of the 21st century, the population of many developed（发达的）
countries could drop（减少）. That’s because their 3. . rates may
be lower than their death rates. However, the population of most
developing countries will be much 4. . than today.
The larger population in the world may cause some 5. ..
It is said that growing populations would be one of the reasons （原
因） for shortages （短缺） of food, water, and energy. Also,
population growth may cause more serious environmental problems.
They include （包括） global warming and 6. .. Governments
around the world are working hard 7. . these problems.
increases
birth
larger
problems
pollution
to solve(共26张PPT)
Module 9 Population
知识概要
课时讲练
1.I’m preparing a report called “The world’s population”. 我正在为一篇叫作《世界人口》的报告做准备。
prepare作动词，意为“准备；预备”。常用于短语“prepare（…）for…”，意为“为……准备（……）”。例如：
My father is preparing dinner in the kitchen. 我爸爸正在厨房准备晚饭。
Make sure you have enough time to prepare for the meeting. 要保证你有足够的时间为会议做准备。
Unit 1
2.And the number will climb to 8.5 billion in 2030. 而且这个数字在2030年会上升到85亿。
billion意为“十亿”，用法与million, thousand, hundred等数量词一样。表示具体数目时，billion后不加-s；表示概数时，billion要加-s，后面接of，且前面不能有具体数字。例如：
2 billion 20亿
billions of 数以亿计的
millions of 数以百万计的
thousands of 成千上万的
3.The largest increase in population will take place in India, Nigeria and Pakistan. 人口增长最大的将会发生在印度、尼日利亚和巴基斯坦。
（1）increase可作名词或动词，意为“增大；增长”。例如：
His weight showed an increase of 3 kilograms in a month. 他的体重在一个月内增加了3千克。
【拓展】increase作动词时，常用于以下结构：
①“increase by+倍数或百分数”表示“增长了……”。例如：
The price has increased by 30%. 价格增长了百分之三十。
②“increase to +数字”表示“增长到……”。例如：
The population of the city has increased to 200,000. 这座城市的人口增长到了20万。
（2）take place意为“发生；举行”，一般指非偶然性事件的发生。例如：
Great changes have taken place in the city. 这座城市发生了翻天覆地的变化。
4.Hang on a minute! I’ll make some notes! 等等！我要做些笔记！
（1）hang on意为“（让某人）等一会儿”。例如：
Hang on a minute. I’ll just get my coat. 等一下，我去拿外套。
（2）note作可数名词，意为“笔记；记录”，其复数形式常用于短语take notes或make notes，意为“做笔记”。例如：
We must take notes carefully in class. 我们必须在课堂上认真做笔记。
5.…it can cause problems, such as too much traffic and noise. ……这会造成一些问题，例如交通拥堵和噪声。
（1）【辨析】表示“问题”的名词：
单词 意思及用法 例句
problem 意为“问题”，多指客观存 在的难题，可能较严 重，需要“解决”，一般用 solve，work out等词搭 配。 We’ve got a problem with the car.
我们的汽车出故障了。
单词 意思及用法 例句
trouble 常用来指遇到的“麻烦， 问题”等，一般都有点棘 手。 I’m sorry to put you to so much
trouble. 很抱歉，给您添这么多麻
烦。
question 常用来指“疑惑，疑问” 等，所以是需要“回答” 的。 To answer the question, you need
to read this book first.要回答这个
问题，你需要先读这本书。
续表
（2）【辨析】too much与too many，much too的区别。
too much意为“太（多）……”，后常接不可数名词。too many意为“太（多）……”，后接可数名词的复数形式。much too意为“太……”，多接形容词。例如：
He ate too much food. 他吃得太多了。
There are too many people here. 这里的人太多了。
The coat is much too big for me.这件大衣对我来说太大了。
（3）noise意为“噪声”，主要指大声的、令人不愉快的声音，可以作可数名词也可以作不可数名词。其形容词形式为noisy，意为“吵闹的；嘈杂的”。
另外一些表示“声音”的词：voice主要指人（讲话或唱歌）的声音、嗓音，通常是可数名词；sound通常指大自然中能听到的一切声音，是一种抽象的概念，一般用作不可数名词。例如：
They were making too much noise. 他们制造了太多的噪声。
The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 老师告诉我们光比声音的传播速度快多了。
The little girl has a beautiful voice. 这小姑娘有一副好嗓子。
6.How about countries with slow-growing populations 人口增长缓慢的国家怎么样呢？
grow作动词，在句子中意为“增长；增大”，其还可意为“生长；成长”，它的名词形式为growth。例如：
These plants need sunshine and water to grow well. 这些植物需要阳光和水才能生长旺盛。
The area has seen a rapid population growth. 这个地区人口快速增长。
基础达标
一、根据句意及首字母或中文提示写出正确的单词。
1.Don’t make much n_____. My brother is doing his homework.
oise
2.Mr Wang is writing a r______ about the population in China.
eport
3.Too many cars ______（导致） a lot of trouble for our traffic.
cause
4.The ______（巨大的） stone is so heavy that we can’t move it.
huge
5.The number of people in Shanghai is __________（增加） fast.
increasing
二、用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.We all like the scientist ______（call） “the father of hybrid rice
（杂交水稻）”.
called
2.The population of Guilin ___（be） nearly 5 million.
is
3.It’s a good way of learning by taking ______（note） in class.
notes
4.It’s so ______（noise） that everyone had to shout.
noisy
5.Please give your name, address and date of ______（birth）.
birth
6.All living things depend on the sun for their _______（grow）.
growth
三、单项选择。
1.—Why are you so tired these days
—Well, I have ________ homework to do.( )
A
A.too much B.too many C.much too
2.—May I speak to Ben, please
—________, please. I’ll just see if he’s here.( )
C
A.Keep on B.Put on C.Hang on
3.Project Hope built many schools ________ big classrooms and
libraries.( )
B
A.in B.with C.for
4.In the evening, we can see ________ stars in the sky.( )
B
A.a billion of B.billions of C.ten billions
5.—________ is the population of Beijing
—It’s about 20 million.( )
A
A.What B.How many C.How much
能力训练
四、情景交际。从方框中选择恰当的句子补全对话。有一项多余。
A. Do you know what the world’s population today is
B. I’m reading a book about the world’s population.
C. I think we must do something to control the population.
D. It’s too terrible.
E. It was no more than 2 billion.
F. The book is about China’s population.
A: What are you doing
B: 1.（ ）
A: Great! Can you tell me something about the book
B: Certainly! It says 1,000 years ago, the world’s population was very small. 2.（ ）
B
E
A. Do you know what the world’s population today is
B. I’m reading a book about the world’s population.
C. I think we must do something to control the population.
D. It’s too terrible.
E. It was no more than 2 billion.
F. The book is about China’s population.
A: Really
B: Yes, but during the last three or four hundred years, the world’s population has grown very quickly. Today, it is growing faster than ever before. 3.（ ）
A: Sorry, I don’t know.
A
A. Do you know what the world’s population today is
B. I’m reading a book about the world’s population.
C. I think we must do something to control the population.
D. It’s too terrible.
E. It was no more than 2 billion.
F. The book is about China’s population.
A. Do you know what the world’s population today is
B. I’m reading a book about the world’s population.
C. I think we must do something to control the population.
D. It’s too terrible.
E. It was no more than 2 billion.
F. The book is about China’s population.
B: It’s more than 7 billion.
A: It’s so large. 4.（ ）
B: Yes. If we don’t control the population, there will not be enough space even to stand in on the earth in 600 years.
A: 5.（ ）
C
D
五、根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，完成短文。部分单词需要进行词形转换。
than however increase cause country
healthy billion population grow feed
The United Nations said that the world’s population will increase
to about 8.1 billion in 2025. The most growth will be in developing
1. . and more than half in Africa. By 2050, it will be about
9.6 2. ..
countries
billion
Richard Kollodge, a UN reporter said,“People are 3. . and
they’re living longer. This present change in 4. . growth, for
the most part, can be seen as （被视为） good news.”
healthier
population
5. ., there are also lots of worries. For example（例如）,
the earth may not have enough food and water to 6. . the fast-
growing population. “In South Asia and Africa, population 7. .
very fast,” said Kollodge. “The population is growing faster 8. .
However
feed
grows
than
than however increase cause country
healthy billion population grow feed
what the government can do to meet the needs（满足需要） for services,
education （教育） and health.”
The aging （老龄化） population is also 9. . a big problem.
People over the age of 60 will 10. . to about 22% in 2050. It’s
said that in countries such as China, there is a need for old-age security
（养老保险）, medical care and social services.
causing
increase
than however increase cause country
healthy billion population grow feed
