06 副词专项复习课件 2024中考二轮复习（知识讲解+真题解析+能力拔高）

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06 副词专项复习
2024年中考二轮复习
Content
命题趋势分析
01
知识系统构建
02
知识点(真题)解析
03
能力拔高特训
04
目录
命题趋势
副词的命题方向主要以点：
一、副词的比较级和最高级；
二、副词词义辨析；
三、事物进行比较的结构
从近几年的中考情况来看，副词是必考的命题点，主要在语言环境中考查副词词义，比较级和最高级也是考察重点，在学习过程中，要在识记词义上多下功夫，同时兼顾比较级和最高级的各种变化形式。
考察的题型主要以选择题和填空题为主。
知识系统构建
知识点(真题)
解析
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词。
副词的定义和分类
【拓展】有些副词在词形上有一些典型的后缀，最常见的是-ly，这些副词多数是方式副词，如：
bravely 勇敢地 quickly 快速地 quietly 安静地 ; 平静地
greatly 非常地 carefully 仔细地 slowly 缓慢地
副词定义
副词比较复杂，种类比较多，大致可分为以下这些：
1.时间副词
表示动作发生的时间，常见的有now , soon, before, lately, early, late, later, already, recently, still, today,tomorrow, yesterday, ago等.
2.地点副词
表示动作发生的地点，常见的有here, there, home,somewhere,abroad, away, back, below, down, up, on, under, out, outside等.
副词分类
(三)方式副词
表示动作发生的方式，这类副词数量最多，大多数以形容词加-ly构成。
常见的有anxiously, angrily, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, carelessly, patiently, politely, proudly, quickly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully等.
(四)程度副词
有的从程度上强调,用来回答how much这类问题,可用来修饰形容词、副词,有的还可用来修饰动词、介词短语、名词、代词和从句等.常见的有a bit, very, quite, rather, much, too, so, almost, nearly, never, especially, even, exactly, just, only, simply等.这类副词一般位于它所修饰的词的前面.
5.频度副词
描绘一定时间内动作发生的频率的副词.常见的有always, frequently, never, often, seldom, sometimes, usually, unusually等.
6.疑问副词(一般用于特殊问句句首)
主要用来构成特殊疑问句.常见的有how, when, where, why, what等.
7.句子副词
这类副词往往和整个句子具有松散的语法关系，而并非修饰某个动词actually, generally, frankly, in my opinion, now, obviously, luckily, seriously等.
8.连接副词
用来连接句子、分句或从句， 表示各种关系。
(1).表示结果，如：therefore因此
(2).表示补充，如：besides此外, moreover再者
(3).表示对比，如：however不管怎样, nevertheless然而
(4).表示条件，如：otherwise否则
(5).表示时间，如：then然后, lastly最后
9.解释副词
常用来举例或列举, for example例如 for example 例如
10.关系副词
常用来引导定语从句的有when, where, why等.
各类副词举例如下:
The bus arrived early.这趟车到得早.
If you don't try, you will never succeed.你如果不尝试,就决不会成功.
When and Where did you see him 你何时何地见到他的
I often write to her mother.我经常给她妈妈写信.
How well he looks!他看起来多么健康啊！
1.作状语
This is a fairly useful tool.这是一件相当有用的工具.
She usually wears belt-bag that round her middle when she goes out.她外出时,经常在腰间系上腰包.
副词的句法功能和位置
句法功能
副词在句中主要用作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句等;有时也用作表语、定语。
2.作表语
The train is off.火车开了.
I must be off.我该走了.
School is over.放学了.
3.作定语
Life here is full of joy.这儿的生活充满了欢乐.
Everyone there can speak English.那里的每个人都可以讲英语.
4.用作宾语补足语或主语补足语
I saw him out with a girl.我看见他和一个女孩出去了.
He was called in.他被叫了进来.
1.频度副词
频度副词一般放在be动词或助动词之后，放在其他动词前面。
They sometimes stay up all night.他们有时整夜不睡觉.
He can never understand.他永远也不会懂.
有些频度副词也可放在动词后面或句尾，如:sometimes, yet, soon, once, often;有些频度副词根据需要也可放在句首，如:sometimes, usually, always, often, soon
They'll be back soon.他们很快就回来.
Usually I'm very careful.通常我是非常小心的.
副词的位置
2.程度副词
一般放在所修饰的形容词、副词的前面，修饰动词时则取决于句中的位置；特别强调时,也可将程度副词放在句尾。
She is a very good student.她是个非常好的学生。
The story is quite instructive.这故事很有教育意义。
I've forgotten it completely.我把这事全给忘了。（强调）
【注意】enough用作副词,一般放在所修饰的词后面。
He didn't run quickly enough.他跑得不够快。
The house isn't big enough for us.这房子对我们来说不够大。
3.地点副词
通常放在句尾，也可放在句首，一般不用于句中.
We heard her singing an English song outside.我们听见她正在外面唱一首英文歌。
Here you can find whatever kinds of books you want.在这里你可以找到各种你想要的书。
4.时间副词
表示确定时间的时间副词一般放在句尾，有时放在句首。
Tomorrow they are leaving for Beijing.明天他们要去北京。
Yesterday she was late for class.昨天她上学迟到了。
5.疑问副词、连接副词
通常放在句子(或从句)的开头.
Where are they going 他们去哪儿
What are you going to do when you grow up 长大后,你打算干什么
6.方式副词
方式副词在句中的位置比较灵活.
She drives too fast.她开车开得太快.
He hurriedly finished his supper and went out.他匆忙地吃完晚饭就出去了.
【拓展】1.及物动词和副词如:down, off, in, out, up等组成的动词词组,其宾语如果是名词,该名词一般放在副词之后,但也可放在副词之前:若是代词,该代词要放在副词之前.
Take off your coat.(或:Take your coat off./Take them of)脱掉你的外套.
Turn off the radio.(或:Turn the radio off./Turn it off.)关上收音机.
2.副词的排列顺序
若句子存在几个副词时,一般按方式副词－地点副词－时间副词的顺序排列.
【注意】有些词是可以作副词也可以作形容词，在词义辨析时要注意，还有些词在形容词的基础上加ly，但词义会发生变化的。
可以作副词也可以作形容词的，如：
early, enough, fast, late, lively
有些形容词和副词，加ly后词义改变的，如：
close 接近的 --- closely 仔细地 direct 直接的 --- directly 立刻
hard努力地 --- hardly几乎不 just正好,恰好--- justly公正地
late迟地,晚地---lately 最近 most 非常;最---mostly 主要地
near 接近---nearly 差不多 wide广阔的;充分的---widely 广泛地,,
1．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）If I don’t talk ________, my old grandmother can’t hear me.
A．quickly B．loudly C．suddenly D．quietly
【答案】B
【详解】句意：如果我不大声说话，我的老祖母就听不见我说话。
考查副词辨析。quickly快速地；loudly大声地；suddenly突然地；quietly安静地。根据“my old grandmother can’t hear me.”可知为了老祖母听见，要大声说话。故选B。
真题再现
2．（2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题）—Doctor, 168 yuan for pulling a tooth It’s only a few minutes’ work.
—Well. I can do it ________ if you like.
A．more quietly B．more slowly C．less carefully
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——医生，拔一颗牙168元？只需几分钟的工作。——好。如果你愿意，我可以拔得慢一点。
考查副词辨析。more quietly更安静地；more slowly更慢地； less carefully不那么小心地。根据“Doctor, 168 yuan for pulling a tooth It’s only a few minutes’ work.”可知，对方觉得拔牙很快却需要168元，此处指医生觉得对方愿意的话，也可以拔地慢一点。故选B。
3．（2023·安徽·统考中考真题）From my childhood, I ________ remember my parents working hard day and night.
A．clearly B．patiently C．suddenly D．politely
【答案】A
【详解】句意：从童年起，我就清楚地记得我的父母夜以继日地辛勤工作。
考查副词辨析。clearly清楚地；patiently耐心地；suddenly突然地；politely有礼貌地。空处副词修饰“remember”，结合“From my childhood”可知，表示清楚地记得父母辛苦工作的情景。故选A。
4．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）I haven’t got time to wait. If you want to come with me, get dressed ________.
A．carefully B．loudly C．quickly D．heavily
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我没时间等了。如果你想和我一起去，快点穿好衣服。
考查副词辨析。carefully认真地；loudly大声地；quickly快速地；heavily重地。根据“I haven’t got time to wait.”可知没时间等待，说明希望对方快点穿好衣服。故选C。
5．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—Father’s Day is around the corner, but I don’t have money to buy a gift for my dad.
—Why not make a card by yourself He will ________ love it.
A．widely B．smoothly C．hardly D．certainly
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——父亲节就要到了，但我没钱给爸爸买礼物。——为什么不自己制作一张卡片呢？他一定会喜欢的。
考查副词辨析。widely普遍地；smoothly平滑地；hardly几乎不；certainly肯定。根据“Why not make a card by yourself He will...love it”可知你爸爸一定会喜欢你自己制作的礼物。故选D。
同形容词一样，副词也有三个级：原级、比较级和最高级。
副词的等级
【点拨】
不是所有的副词都有等级，只有能比较的副词才有等级之分，有很多副词是没有比较级和最高级的，类似下面的这些：
表示时间的副词，表示地点的副词，表示频率的副词等等
规则变化的情况
副词原级变比较级和最高级
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est fast hard faster harder fastest
hardest
以字母e结尾的副词加-r或-st late later latest
以辅音字母y结尾的副词,先变i,再加-er或-est early earlier earliest
多音节词和部分双音节词 在副词前加more或most quickly more quickly most quickly
carefully more carefully most carefully
不规则变化的情况
原级 比较级 最高级
Well better best
Badly worse worst
Little less least
Much more most
Late later较迟,后来(指时间)latest最近(指时间) latter后来(针对前者而言)last最后(指顺序)
Far farther较远farthest最远 further进一步furthest最远,最大程度上
1.原级的用法
原级常用于as+副词原级＋as和not so/as+副词原级＋as结构，as...as常用于肯定句，表示“······和······一样”；not so/as...as用于否定句，表示“不如”.
We must arrange everything as well as we can.我们要把一切尽可能安排好.
You didn't know so(as) much about that as I do.关于那件事,你了解得没有我这么多.
副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法
2.比较级的用法
1.比较级常用于“比较级＋than”结构,有时than引导的比较状语从句可以省略,当than前后所使用的动词相同时,通常用助动词来代替原有的动词,而且该助动词也可以省略
比较级前可用much, far, a bit, a little, a lot, even, still, yet等表示程度的状语.
She answered the question more clearly than her classmates did.她回答问题比她的同学回答得清楚.
It rains more often in the south than in the north.南方比北方雨多.
Li Ping jumped farther than Jim (did).李平跳得比吉姆远.
2.可用“the+比较级·····,the+比较级······”结构,表示“越······就越······”的意思
The higher you climb, the farther you will see.你爬得越高,就看得越远.
The harder she studied, the more progress she made.她学习越努力,进步越大.
3.可用“比较级＋and+比较级”结构(两个同义副词比较级,后面不接than从句)表示“越来越·····”的意思
Jim runs faster and faster.吉姆跑得越来越快.
The students study harder and harder.学生们学习越来越努力.
3.最高级的用法
表示三者或三者以上某种情况的比较，要用最高级
副词的最高级前面可以加定冠词the，也可以不加。句中一般可带in和of引导短语来说明比较的范围，如:
The longest I can stay is three hours.我最多只能呆三小时.
Tom came to school(the)latest in his class.汤姆是班上到校最晚的.
1．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）Slow cooking seems to hold the taste of the meat much ________.
A．good B．well C．better D．best
【答案】C
【详解】句意：慢煮似乎能更好地保持肉的味道。
考查副词比较级。根据空前“much”可知，much是修饰比较级的词，此处应用比较级形式，故选C。
真题再现
2．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）Sam did ________ in his studies this year than last year.
A．well B．better C．best D．the best
【答案】B
【详解】句意：山姆今年的学习成绩比去年好。
考查副词比较级。根据“than”可知，此处需用比较级，可排除ACD选项。故选B。
1.too, also, either
这三个词作副词用时都含有“也”的意思，但用法是不同的。
too只能用于肯定句中，一般用于句末，also可用于句子中间；either只能用于否定句中，放在句末。
I enjoy swimming and like football, too.我喜欢游泳,也喜欢踢足球.
The sofa can also be used as a bed. 这沙发也可以当床。
Kate didn't go to the cinema and Lucy didn't go, either.凯特没去看电影,露西也没去看电影.
It's not easy, but it's not difficult, either.它不容易,但也不难.
一些副词的用法区别
2.enough...to和 too...to
enough to do sth.足以能够做某事
The window is low enough for him to touch.窗很低,他碰得到.
You are old enough to do the work alone.你已经大了,可以独立做这项工作了.
He is tall enough to reach the apple.他的个子高,能够着那个苹果.
too...to(do)太······以致不能
The milk is too hot to drink.牛奶太烫了,不能喝.
They spoke English too quickly for us to understand.他们讲英语太快,我们听不明白.
3.now, just, just now
now与一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用时,意为“现在”
Where does he live now 他现在住在哪里
They are now doing some washing.她们正在洗衣服.
just常与现在完成时、过去完成时连用,表示“刚······”
We have just seen the film.我们刚看过那部电影.
He said he had just bought a dictionary.他说他刚买了一本字典.
just now和过去时连用,表示“刚才”(＝a moment ago)
He was here just now.他刚才在这.
4.sometimes, sometime, some time
sometimes的意思是“有时,往往,不时地”
Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are not.有时我们忙,有时我们不忙.
I sometimes have letters from him.我不时地收到他的信.
sometime的意思是“某个时候”,可指将来,也可指过去
We'll take our holiday sometime in May.我们将在五月份的某个时候休假.
Let's have dinner together sometime next week.下星期找个时间咱们一起吃顿饭.
some time的意思是“一段时间”,可以是几分钟、几小时、几天甚至几年
The fire went on for some time before it was brought under control.火灾持续了一段时间以后才得到了控制.
5.although, though
一般情况下,although和though可互换,但要特别注意以下几点:
although有增强语气的作用,比though的语气稍重,常用于各种正式文体
though常与even连用，表示强调，但不能说even although
though引导的让步状语从句可用部分倒装的形式,但although一般不这样用.
Young though she is, she has travelled to many countries.她尽管年轻,但已到过很多国家.
Hard though they tried, they couldn't make her change her mind.
尽管他们做了很大努力,却没法让她改变主意.
6.ago, before
ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”,它必须和一些表示时间概念的词组搭配使用,常在一般过去时态的句子中修饰动词.
before是指以过去或将来的某时刻“以前”,也可泛指以前,常和现在完成时、过去完成时和一般过去时连用.
I saw him ten minutes ago.10分钟前我见过他.
He told me that he had seen the film (two days)before.他告诉我他(两天)以前看过这部电影.
I never saw him before(=I have never seen him before.)我以前从来没见过他.
能力拔高特训
一、单项选择
1.—Does your brother play computer games
—No, he ________ plays them. He always reads books.
A．sometimes B．often C．never
【答案】C
2.—Bill, I planned to give you the card on Saturday, but I ________ forgot.
—That’s OK. I won’t use it until next weekend.
A．completely B．recently C．quietly D．clearly
【答案】A
3.Tina gets up early every morning, so she is ________ late for school.
A．often B．always C．usually D．never
【答案】D
4.Why does John act so ________ Look, he’s speaking faster, his face becomes redder
and you can almost see fire in his eyes.
A．happily B．angrily C．calmly D．sadly
【答案】B
5．Andy doesn’t like junk food at all, so she ________ eats it.
A．often B．sometimes C．usually D．never
【答案】D
6. Although he failed many times, he ________ gave up his dream.
A．nearly B．never C．often D．always
【答案】B
7.—Jessica, it’s raining ________ outside.
—Oh, you should be ________ when you drive to work.
A．hard; careful B．hardly; careful
C．hard; carefully D．hardly; carefully
【答案】A
8.It usually takes us quite a long time to ________ master a skill.
A．truly B．simply
C．hardly D．probably
【答案】A
9.—What’s the best movie theater in town
—Sun Cinema. You can sit the most ________ there.
A．widely B．quietly C．cheaply D．comfortably
【答案】D
10.You and I are lucky as we’ve ________ had to worry about finding clean water.
A．often B．usually C．never
【答案】C
11.When the rainstorm came, it began to rain _________ and the wind blew strongly.
A．hard B．hardly C．heavy
【答案】A
12.In the war against covid-19, the Chinese government is making efforts to make sure the vaccine(疫苗) is ________ taken all over the country.
A．hardly B．deeply C．widely
【答案】C
13.After his wife died, the old man lived in the town ________, but he didn’t feel ________ because of his good neighbors.
A．alone; lonely B．lonely; alone C．alone; alone
【答案】A
14.He doesn’t do his homework ________, though he has ________.
A．carefully enough; enough time B．enough carefully; time enough
C．carelessly enough; enough time D．enough carefully, enough time
【答案】A
15.The cakes smell ________ and they sell ________.
A．well, good B．good; well C．well, well D．good; good
【答案】B
16.—During this hard time, it is ________ to have plenty of food to eat.
—Yeah, I agree with you. We really shouldn’t complain too much.
A．good enough B．too good C．bad enough D．too bad
【答案】A
17.— Shenzhou VI spacecraft carrying three China’s astronauts was ________ launched.
— Amazing! China has made great progress in space.
A．successful B．successfully C．success D．succeed
【答案】B
18.Mr. Wilson always answers his students’ questions ________. No wonder he is the most popular teachers in our school.
A．patient B．impatient C．patiently D．impatiently
【答案】C
19.She didn’t speak ________. I can hardly hear what she said.
A．clearly B．lovely C．widely D．friendly
【答案】A
20.—Maria’s eating habit is not good. She ________ eat vegetables.
—We can’t learn from her. We should eat more vegetables and less meat.
A．seldom B．usually C．often D．always
【答案】A
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. If you can use a word ________, it means you understand it. (correct)
【答案】correctly
2.How ________ computers are used! （wide）
【答案】widely
3.“You have kept me waiting for such a long time!” the girl complained _______. (angry)
【答案】angrily
4.The boy went back home ________ with his school report in his hand.(exciting)
【答案】excitedly
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