17 状语从句专项复习课件 2024中考二轮复习（知识讲解+真题解析+能力拔高）

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17 状语从句专项复习
2024年中考二轮复习
Content
命题趋势分析
01
知识系统构建
02
知识点(真题)解析
03
能力拔高特训
04
目录
命题趋势分析
状语从句的命题方向主要以点：
一、时间状语从句；
二、条件状语从句；
三、目的状语从句；
四、结果状语从句
其他的状语从句也时常考察
从近几年的中考情况来看，状语从句是必考的命题点，主要考察时间、条件、目的和结果状语从句，主要考察引导词，以及时间和条件状语从句中的时态问题。
考察的题型主要以选择题和填空题为主。
知识系统构建
知识点(真题)
解析
当一个句子中的状语部分由一个完整的句子充当，这个句子就是状语从句。
定义
状语从句的定义和分类
It was raining when we arrived.我们到达时，天正下着雨。
解析：此句中when we arrived相当于一个时间状语，来说明下雨的时间，这里when we arrived又是一个完整的句子，所以是一个时间状语从句，连接词是when。
按照状语从句在主句中充当的状语种类可分为：
时间状语从句 条件状语从句
原因状语从句 目的状语从句
结果状语从句 让步状语从句
比较状语从句 地点状语从句
方式状语从句等
其中，时间，条件，目的，结果状语从句是重点，其他也时常考察。
状语从句分类
引导时间状语常见的引导词有：when，while，as，till/until，since，before，after
各类状语从句讲解
时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句常见的连词
when引导的时间状语从句
when 与……同时，在……期间
引导的从句表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或主句的动作发生在从句之前。
如:
It was raining when we arrived.我们到达时，天正下着雨.
The train had left when I got to the station.当我到达车站时，火车已经开走了.
as 当······时，一边······一边······
as引导的从句，主句和从句的动作同时发生，强调伴随。
如：
She went out as I entered the room.在我进入房间时，她走了出去。
He sings as he goes along.他一边走路，一边唱歌。
as引导的时间状语从句
while 当······过程中
while引导的从句强调某一段时间内主句和从句中谓语动词所表示的动作在同一时期发生。
如：
My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.在我写作业时,我妈妈正在做饭.
I fell asleep while I was reading.我看着看着书睡着了.
while引导的时间状语从句
before 在……以前
before引导的从句，一般主句的动作发生在从句之前。
如：
Turn off the light before you go out.出去前,要关灯.
I said goodbye before I left.在我离开之前,我道了别.
We won't leave before she comes back.她回来后我们再离开.
before引导的时间状语
after 在……之后
after引导的从句表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后.
如：
We found the letter long after he had gone away.他出去很久以后,我们才发现那封信.
I went to bed at about ten after I did my homework.我做完家庭作业之后大约十点钟去睡觉的.
after引导的时间状语
since 自……以来
since引导的从句表示自从从句表示的时间以来，主句的情况.
如：
Where have you been since I saw you last 自从上次我见到你以后,你到哪里去了
Mr. Smith has never been to the cinema since he came to Guilin.
史密斯先生自从来到桂林以后从未去看过电影.
since引导的时间状语
until/till用在肯定句中表示主句的谓语动词表示的动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。
如：
I’ll wait for you till you come to see me.我会一直等到你来看我。
until/till引导的时间状语
特别注意：
①这种情况下主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词
②这种情况下until和till可以通用。
until用在否定句子中，构成句式not.......until......，表示主句的动作直到until所表示的时间才发生。
如：I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework.我直到完成作业才去睡觉
特别注意：
①有时不用not,而用其他如never,nothing等表否定意义的词。
②在否定句中，主句的谓语动词可以是非延续性动词。
在否定的情况下，只用until，不用till。
除了一些从属连词外，一些短语也可以引导时间状语从句，如下：
as soon as 一······就······
I'll tell you about it as soon as school is over.一放学我就告诉你这件事.
the moment 一······就······
Buy your ticket as soon as you get to the station.你一到车站就买票.
一些短语引导的时间状语从句
时间状语从句的时态问题：
当主句是一般将来时态或祈使句,表示将来的意义时,从句通常用一般现在时。
I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to Beijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。
You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。
【特别提醒】
条件状语从句在复合句中充当句子的条件状语的作用，常见的引导条件状语从句的从属连词或短语有：
条件状语从句
if 假如，如果 unless 除非
as/so long as 只要 once 一旦……就
if引导的条件状语从句
If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we are going to the Great Wall.如果明天不下雨,我们就去长城.
I'll help you today if you help me tomorrow.如果明天你帮助我,今天我就帮助你.
If you are tired, you may go to bed.你如果累了,就去睡觉.
If we pay much attention to the earth, we’ll have a better world.
如果我们多关爱地球，就会拥有一个更美好的世界
unless引导的条件状语从句
unless的意思是＂如果不，除非＂，可与if... not互换。
He won't be able to catch up with us unless he runs faster.他不可能赶上我们,除非他跑得更快一些.
You will fail in English unless you work hard.
你英语考试会不及格的，除非你更加努力。
You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.
如果你不早点动身，你就不能及时赶到那儿。
as/so long as引导的条件状语从句
as /so long as的意思是＂只要＂
So long as you’re happy, I will be happy. 只要你高兴，我就高兴。
You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.
只要你保持书的清洁，你就可以把我的书借去。
As long as we don't lose heart, we'll find a way to overcome the difficulty.
只要我们不灰心,我们就能找到克服困难的方法.
once引导的条件状语从句
once引导的条件状语从句，意为＂一旦……就＂，从句可置于主句前或后。
Once you begin, never stop. 一旦开始，就绝不要停止。
Maths is easy to learn once you understand the rules.
一旦你理解了规则，数学就不难学了。
条件状语从句同时间状语从句一样，谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来。
I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨，我就待在家。
If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.
如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。
【特别注意】
so that ， in order that
注意：一般在目的状语从句中会有情态动词can, could, will, would, may, might等.
People eat so that they may live.人们吃东西目的是为了活.
目的状语从句
目的状语从句在复合句中充当句子的目的状语的作用，常见的引导目的状语从句的从属连词或短语有：
My brother ran all the way to the station so that he wouldn't miss the train.
我弟弟一路跑到车站,以便能赶上火车.
I want to sit near the window so that I can see these words clearly.我要坐在窗口附近,以便能看清字.
They talked in a low voice in order that they should not be heard.他们谈话的声音很低,有意不让别人听见.
so that 结果
so...that 如此······以致
such...that 如此······以致
结果状语从句
结果状语从句在复合句中充当句子的结果状语的作用，常见的引导结果状语从句的从属连词或短语有：
It was very warm, so that people could swim in rivers and lakes.天气很暖和,人们可以到湖里河里游泳.
The weather is so nice that all of us want to go to the park.天气那么好,我们大家都想去公园玩.
He has so many books that I don't know which one I should borrow.他有那么多书,我不知道该借哪一本.
so that既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时译为＂为了＂，引导结果状语从句时可译为＂以便＂。
He workedn hard at his lessons so that he could gain high grades in the exams.他努力学习功课，争取考试能获得好的成绩。
He workedn hard at his lessons, so that he gained high grades in the exams.他努力学习，结果考试取得了好成绩。
so that引导的结果从句
在such...that...句型中，such修饰名词，意思是＂如此……以至于……＂，such...that...引导四种不同的句子结构。
（1）such+a(n)+形容词+单数名词+that从句
This is such a good book that all of us like it very much.
这是一本很好的书，我们大家都喜欢读它。
（2）such+形容词+复数名词+that从句
They are such good students that the teacher likes them.
他们都是很好的学生，老师喜欢他们。
such...that...引导的结果状语从句
（3）such+（形容词）+不可数名词+that从句
It was such fime weather yesterday that we went swimming.
昨天天气很好，我们去游泳了。
（4）one（no，any，all，many，some，several等）+such+可数名词+that从句
There are many such good books that I can’t decide which one to choose.
有这么多的好书，我无法决定选择哪一本。
so...that...句型中的so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词，意思是＂如此/这么……以至于……＂。
（1）常用句型：主语+谓语+so+adj./adv.+that从句
The boy ran so fast that I couldn’t catch him.
这个男孩跑得太快了以至于我追不上他。
（2）so+形容词+ a(n)+单数名词+that从句
She made so good a meal that we all ate far too much.
她做的饭菜那么好吃，结果我们都吃得太多了。
so...that...引导的结果状语从句
（3）so+many/much few/little（少）+名词+that从句
当名词前有many、much、few、little（少）等词修饰时，句子中要用so...that...而不能用such...that...。
There was so little water in the jar that it was not enough for all of us.
缸里的水太少了，不够我们这些人用。
让步状语从句在复合句中充当复合句的让步状语，常见的引导让步状语从句的从属连词或短语有：
although/though(虽然······但是······)
even if(即使)
however(无论怎样)
whatever(无论什么)
no matter who(无论是谁)等
我们在这里只讨论由although/though引导的让步状语从句.
让步状语从句
Though he is young, he knows a lot.他虽然年岁小,但知道的很多.
Though he has walked a long way, he does not look a bit tired.他虽然走了那么长的路,但看上去一点儿不疲倦.
We enjoyed ourselves, although (though) the weather was bad.虽然天气不好,可是我们玩得很开心.
Though we know that clean air is important, we are not doing enough to keep it clean.尽管我们知道清洁的空气很重要,但我们并没有尽力去保持空气的清洁.
Although it was cold,(yet)I went swimming.尽管冷,我还是去游泳了.
No matter who asks for her help. She is ready to help.无论谁请她帮忙,她都愿意帮助
原因状语从句在复合句中充当复合句的原因状语，常见的引导原因状语从句的从属连词或短语有：
because 因为
since 由于;既然
as 因为
原因状语从句
because语气强，回答“why”提问的问题.
I won't go with you because I am busy doing my homework now.我不能跟你去,因为我正忙于做作业.
Because it was wet, I didn't go out for a walk.因为地湿,我没有出去散步.
He didn't buy it, because it was expensive.因为太贵了,他没有买.
Since a lot of people make mistakes in life, Mr. Smith wanted to give John a chance.既然许多人一生中会犯错误,史密斯先生决定给约翰一次机会.
As he did not know much English, he got out his dictionary and looked up the word" cough".由于他英语懂得不多,他拿出词典来查“cough”这个词.
because, since, as, for的用法区别
(1)because表示直接的原因或理由,表示原因的语气最强,常表示必然的因果关系.回答以why引起的特殊疑问句,只能用because.
(2)since表示对方已经知晓,无须加以说明的原因或事实,语气比because稍弱.
(3)as表示的往往是十分明显的原因,听者或读者已经知道或能看得出来,语气较弱,比较口语化.
(4)for是并列连词,它引导的分句不表示直接的原因,而是用来附带解释或说明前面一句的情况.for引导的分句常位于第一分句之后,它们之间用逗号隔开.
【知识拓展】
地点状语从句在复合句中充当复合句的地点状语，常见的引导地点状语从句的从属连词或短语有：
where在·····地方 wherever无论在哪里
地点状语从句
We should go where we are needed.我们应该到需要我们的地方去.
You can take it with you wherever you go.不论走到什么地方,你都可随身携带它.
比较状语从句
表示比较的状语从句，常用下列从属连词引导
as...as 像······一样 not so...as同······不一样 more...than 比······更
①as...as表示:A同B一样······.为避免重复,从句中经常省略与主句相同的部分.
Guilin is as beautiful as Hangzhou.桂林和杭州一样美.
He worked nearly as fast as a skilled worker.他干得像熟练工人一样快.
②not so...as表示:A不如B(A同B不一样).
It is not so cold today as yesterday.今天不如昨天冷.
It isn't quite so good as I thought.它不如我原先想的那样好.
③more...than表示:A比B更······.
Tom works harder than any other student in his class.汤姆比他班上任何一名学生都努力学习.
Canada is a little bigger than the United states.加拿大比美国稍大一点儿.
1.I will try my best to help you, ________I don't know what to start with yet.
A. whether B. since C. though D. until
【答案】C
【解析】whether是否；since自从；though虽然、尽管；until直到。根据 "I will try my best to help you,…I don't know what to start with yet."可知前后句之间表达的是一种相反的让步关系，因此应用though引导让步状语从句。
真题再现
2.Wild animals will be in great danger_____we protect them together.
A. if B. but C. unless
【答案】C
【解析】if如果；but但是；unless除非。根据Wild animals will be in great danger (野生动物将处于极大的危险之中)和we protect them together (我们一起保护它们)可知，此处表示除非我们一起保护野生动物，否则它们将处于极大的危险之中，因此选unless。
3.-Have you heard of Tom Sawyer
-Sure.But I didn’t read it_______last year
A.while B.when C.after D.until
【答案】D
【解析】while当……时；when当……时；after在……以后；until直到。根据句意可知，是直到去年我才读它。not……until……"直到……才……"符合题意。
4.-How do you like the park,Jenny
-It's very beautiful and clean __________it's a bit small.
A. if B. since C. unless D.although
【答案】D
【解析】A.如果，B.因为，C.除非，D.尽管，虽然。根据语境：……有点小，但非常漂亮和干净。可推知划线部分意为"虽然"。
5.-Tom dreams of being a football player,but he is a bit lazy.
-I don't think he can realise his dream_______he works hard.You know,no pain, no gain.
A. when B. unless C, since D. because
【答案】B
【解析】when当……时候，引导时间状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；since自从，引导时间状语；because因为，引导原因状语从句。根据no pain, no gain可知只有努力工作才能实现梦想，此处是一个条件状语从句。
6. As we live in a rapidly developing world, we will be left behind______we keep learning.
A. unless B. if C. after D. though
【答案】A
【解析】unless除非; if如果; after 在……的后面; though 尽管。根据we will be left behind(我们就会落后)可知，我们生活在一个快速发展的世界里，除非我们不断学习，否则我们就会落后。
7.______,I prefer listening to music that can cheer me up.
A. When I am in high spirits
B. Because I am outgoing
C. When I am down and tired
D. Because I have got my exam result
【答案】C
【解析】when I am in high spirits当我情绪高涨时；Because I am outgoing因为我外向；When I am down and tired当我情绪低落和疲劳时；Because I have got my exam result因为我知道我的考试结果。根据I prefer listening to music that can cheer me up(我喜欢听让我振奋的音乐)可知，当我情绪低落和疲劳时。
8.For our safety, we must keep away from the tall buildings __________the wind blows hard.
A. if B. although C. so
【答案】A
【解析】A.如果；B.虽然；C.因此。根据For our safety,we must keep away from the tall buildings_____the wind blows hard.可知是指：为了我们的安全，如果刮大风，我们必须远离高楼大厦。if引导条件状语从句。
9. Let's take the simple steps today________we will save the world for ourgrandsons and granddaughters tomorrow.
A. unless B. until C. so that D.though
【答案】C
【解析】A如果不，除非，引导条件状语从句；B直到，引导时间状语从句；C以便，引导目的状语从句；D尽管，引导让步状语从句。根据句意可知采取措施的目的是为了拯救世界，可知此处用目的状语从句。
10.My parents won't allow me to do things I like _______I finish my homework.
A. if B. but C. because D. unless
【答案】D
【解析】A如果，引导条件状语从句；B但是，并列连词表转折；C因为，引导原因状语从句；D除非，如果不，引导条件状语从句。根据句意，可知I finish my homework是条件，根据My parents won't allow me是否定句，可知此处用表否定意义的连词。
11.-Miss Wang,what's the most important thing ___________we go travelling
-You should make a plan first.
A. while B. before C. after
【答案】B
【解析】A.while当……时；B.before在……之前；C.afer在……之后。根据You should make a plan first.(你应该先制定一个计划。)可知，制定计划发生在旅行之前，所以问句应该是问旅行前最重要的事情是什么。
12. The news Besides A and B, C appears beautifully in the sky makes us excited ________ "C" is C919 from China,with many Jiangsu elements(元素).
A. because B, so C. though D. then
【答案】A
【解析】A.because因为；Bso所以；C.though尽管；D.then然后。根据The news makes us excited(这则新闻使我们非常激动)和"C" is C919 from China,with many Jiangsu elements.("C"是来自中国的C919,带着许多江苏的元素。)可知，后半句是解释我们激动的原因，用because(因为)引导。
13. Zhang Guimei once said, "________I'm alive, I will donate (献身)myself to teaching."
A. Even though B. As soon as C. As long as
【答案】C
【解析】结合选项分析句式，题干是一个复合句。根据语境可知，设空处从句表条件，因此应用连词短语as long as引导此条件状语从句，意为"只要"。干扰项A项意为"即使、尽管",引导让步状语从句；B项意为"一……就……",引导时间状语从句。
14. Many people all over the world want to climb Qomolangma each year, ________it is very dangerous.
A. if B. while C. though
【答案】C
【解析】A如果，引导条件状语从句；B当……时，引导时间状语从句；C尽管，引导让步状语从句。根据两句的逻辑关系，可知两句为相反的意思，用though引导让步状语从句。
15.—How time flies!We'll graduate from middle school this weekend!
—__________we have to say goodbye, I will remember our friendship forever.
A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. Until
【答案】B
【解析】Because因为；Although虽然；Unless除非；Until直到。根据".we have to say goodbye, I will remember our friendship forever."可知前后句之间表达的是一种转折关系，因此应用Although引导让步状语从句。
16.-I think I am the shyest in my class.What should I do
-Be more active in class ___________you can improve your ability to express yourself.
A. or B. so that C. unless D. although
【答案】B
【解析】or或者、还是、否则；so that因此、以便；unless除非；although虽然；根据Be more active in class"在课堂上更加活跃",及you can improve your ability to express yourself "你可以提高表达自己的能力"可知，用so that "以便" 引导目的状语从句.
17.You should turn off the lights________you leave the room.
A. until B. before C. although D. so
【答案】B
【解析】A.直到；B.在……之前；C.尽管；D.所以。根据原句语境可知，离开房间之间应该关灯。before引导时间状语从句。
能力拔高特训
一、单项选择
1. We would like to buy electric cars ________ they produce less air pollution.
A．because B．so C．though D．but
【答案】A
2. You won’t have a better view of the village ________ you reach the top of the hill.
A．because B．unless C．when D．if
【答案】B
3. As a policeman, Tom’s father is too busy to play with him __________ he expects to.
A．even though B．so that C．as soon as D．as long as
【答案】A
4. Mary is good at writing. I am sure she’ll get a good place ________ she takes part in the writing competition.
A．before B．if C．though D．unless
【答案】B
5. —The TV play a lifelong Journey (《人世间》) is wonderful.
—I think so. I want to enjoy it again ________ I’ve watched it once.
A．until B．since C．though D．if
【答案】C
6.— Can we win the basketball game tomorrow
— Of course, _______ we try our best.
A．if B．or C．unless D．though
【答案】A
7. You won’t pass the exam ________ you work harder than before.
A．if B．after C．when D．unless
【答案】D
8.The volunteers continued their work ________ they were very tired.
A．if B．because C．although D．as
【答案】C
9.I love going to school ________ everyone in my class is friendly.
A．before B．although C．because D．unless
【答案】C
10. In 2020, many doctors went to Wuhan to help the patients, ________ they knew it was dangerous.
A．until B．although C．before D．unless
【答案】B
11. As we know, ________ Su Bingtian faces many challenges, he never gives up.
A．although B．unless C．after
【答案】A
12. Our classroom won’t be clean ________ we clean it every day.
A．after B．while C．unless D．because
【答案】C
13. My pen friend knows a lot about China ________ she has never been here.
A．although B．if C．because D．until
【答案】A
14.—Happiness is about having each tiny wish come true.
—________ we work hard, we’ll make our life full of happiness.
A．If B．Unless C．Though
【答案】A
15．—Daddy, can I go out to play soccer with my friends now
—Well, you can’t go ________ you finish your homework first.
A．if B．since C．unless
【答案】C
16. Mr. Zhao has given much money to Project Hope ________ he is not so rich.
A．if B．though C．because D．unless
【答案】B
17．Dad sometimes goes to the supermarket with us ________ he hates going shopping.
A．because B．so C．though D．if
【答案】C
18. Many wild animals don’t have a safe place to live, ________ villages and farms are growing bigger and taking away their land.
A．because B．until C．although D．before
【答案】A
19．—The big stone is ________ heavy ________ I can’t carry it alone.
—Don’t worry. I will help you.
A．such; that B．so; that C．too; to
【答案】B
20. It’s necessary to learn English well, ________ it’s a little difficult.
A．unless B．although C．as
【答案】B
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