大一轮高考英语练出高分选修8 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors
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| 名称 | 大一轮高考英语练出高分选修8 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2015-12-03 19:54:09 | ||
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Book 8 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．The schoolmaster ________ the girl for her courage.
A．applauded B．appeared
C．apologized D．clapped
答案 A
解析 句意为：校长为女孩的勇气鼓掌。applaud鼓掌，欢呼，符合句意。
2．As there is less and less coal and oil，scientists are exploring new ways of making use of ________ energy，such as sunlight，wind and water for power and fuel.
A．primary B．alternative
C．instant D．unique
答案 B
解析 既然石油和煤都越来越少，人们只好使用一些其它可替代这些燃料的东西。alternative有“可选择的，可替代的”之意，符合句意。primary首要的，初期的；instant立即的，迅速的；unique独特的。
3．He is too old to ________ the name of that book.
A．pick up B．think of
C．come up D．fill in
答案 B
解析 句意为：他年纪太大了，想不起那本书的名字了。pick up拾起，偶然学会；think of想起；come up走近；fill in填写。由句意可知选B项。
4．He ________ as a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country in the Olympics.
A．regarded
B．was regarded
C．has regarded
D．had been regarded
答案 B
解析 句子主语和regard之间为被动关系，且是发生在过去的动作，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
5．The leader is losing ground as the rest of the runners ________.
A．accelerate B．accumulate
C．arise D．advance
答案 A
解析 句意为：领先者在其余赛跑者加速时就逐渐失去了优势。accelerate加速；accumulate积累；arise出现，产生；advance前进。根据句意选A项。
6．I ________ Lucy to be careful with her handwriting all the time，but she hasn’t polished it at all.
A．told B．have been telling
C．will be telling D．have told
答案 B
解析 句意为：我一直告诉露西注意她的书写，但是她根本没有改善。根据语境以及时间状语all the time可知“我”一直在告诉她，动作从过去持续到现在并还将持续下去，应用现在完成进行时，故选B项。
7．The government has set up a working party to ________ the problem of drug abuse.
A．look into B．look out
C．look in D．look up
答案 A
解析 句意为：政府已成立一个工作组来调查吸毒问题。look into调查，符合句意。
8．The scientist discovered a dinosaur fossil ________ from 4,000 years ago.
A．dates B．date
C．dated D．dating
答案 D
解析 dating from此处相当于定语从句which dates from...，是现在分词短语作后置定语。
9．Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ________ your advice.
A．followed B．would follow
C．had followed D．should follow
答案 C
解析 句意为：看看我现在的麻烦。要是我当时听了你的建议就好了。If only后跟与过去事实相反的句子，用过去完成时。
10．—Terry, I need to see a doctor.
—________？
A．So what B．What else
C．How come D．What for
答案 D
解析 考查交际用语。what for意为“为何目的，为什么”，相当于what do you see a doctor for。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Going to school means learning new skills and facts in different subjects.Teachers teach and students learn，and many scientists are interested in finding ways to improve both teaching and learning processes.
Sian Beilock and Susan Levine，two psychologists at the University of Chicago，are trying to learn about learning.In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school，Beilock and Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn：If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills，then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math.“If these girls keep getting math anxious female teachers in later grades，it_may_create_a_snowball_effect_on_their_
math_achievement，” Levine told Science News.The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are，then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.
Just as students find certain subjects to be difficult，teachers can find certain subjects to be difficult to learn—and teach.The subject of math can be particularly difficult for everyone.
The new study involved 65 girls,52 boys and 17 first and second grade teachers in elementary schools in the Midwest.The students took math achievement tests at the beginning and end of the school year，and the researchers compared the scores.
The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed a math superstar had to be a boy.Then the researchers turned to the teachers：To find out which teachers were anxious about math，the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math，such as when reading a sales receipt.A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt，for example，was probably anxious about math.
Boys，on average，were unaffected by a teacher’s anxiety.On average，girls with math anxious teachers scored lower on the end of the year math tests than other girls in the study did.Plus，on the test showing whether someone thought a math superstar had to be a boy,20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math—and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers with math anxiety.
According to surveys done before this one，college students who want to become elementary school teachers have the highest levels of anxiety about math.Plus，nine of every 10 elementary teachers are women，Levine said.
1．Sian Beilock and Susan Levine carried out the new research in order to ________.
A．know the effects of teaching on learning
B．study students’ ways of learning math
C．prove women teachers are unfit to teach math
D．find better teaching methods for teachers
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school...”可知Sian Beilock和Susan Levine进行这项研究是为了了解孩子们学习数学的方法。
2．The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that girls may ________.
A．end up learning math anxiety from their teachers
B．study the ways their female teachers behave
C．have an influence on their math anxious female teachers
D．gain unexpected achievement in such subjects as math
答案 A
解析 句意理解题。根据本段内容可知，如果女老师对数学有焦虑感，那么她的女学生可能会认为男生要比女生在数学这一学科上有天赋，对数学也会越来越不自信，这也就意味着，如果女生一直遇到对数学有焦虑感的女老师，那么这种焦虑感最终也会传染给她们，所以答案为A项。
3．In the study，what were the teachers required to do
A．Prepare two math achievement tests for the students.
B．Tell their feelings about math problems.
C．Answer whether a math superstar had to be a boy.
D．Compare the students’ scores after the math tests.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“To find out which teachers were anxious about math，the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math，such as when reading a sales receipt.”可知，老师被要求说出他们在碰到数学问题时的感受。
4．What is the finding of the new study
A．No male students were affected by their teachers’anxiety.
B．Almost all the girls got lower scores in the tests than the boys.
C．About 30% of the girls thought boys are better at math than girls.
D．Girls with math anxious teachers all failed in the math tests.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The new study involved 65 girls...”可知参加研究项目的女生共65人，再根据倒数第二段最后一句“Plus，on the test showing whether someone thought a math superstar had to be a boy,20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math—and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers with math anxiety.”可推算出，20位女生占65位女生中的约30%。
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．117 students and teachers took part in the new study.
B．The researchers felt surprised at the findings of their study.
C．Beilock and Levine are interested in teaching math.
D．Men teachers are better at teaching math than women teachers.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...Beilock and Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn...”可知，这两位研究人员对研究结果表示惊讶。
文章中的2个阅读障碍句分析
1．If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills, then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math.(Paragraph 2)
句式分析：if引导条件状语从句，主句中动词不定式to believe后接一个that引导的宾语从句，be likely to do...很可能做……。
自主翻译：如果一位女教师对自己数学方面的能力不满意，那么她所教的女学生会更可能认为男生比女生在数学这一学科上优秀。
2．The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are, then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.(Paragraph 2)
句式分析：动词suggest (表明)后跟that引导的宾语从句，在从句中含有if引导的条件状语从句，if从句中还含有一个that引导的宾语从句that boys are better at math...。
自主翻译：研究表明，如果这些女孩子在成长的过程中认为男孩子在数学方面比女孩子优秀的话，那么她们的表现就不如有信心时好。
Ⅲ.写作
假如你是校报负责人，急需在学校内聘一位同学任英文版的编辑。请你以“An English Editor Wanted”为题，用英文写一则招聘启事。内容要点如下：
1．工作内容：一是从英文报刊、杂志及互联网上选择适合学生的文章；二是选择并编辑同学们的来稿；
2．希望该同学满足下列要求：
(1)乐于奉献出一些业余时间为同学们服务；
(2)英文与美术皆好，能熟练使用电脑；
3．感兴趣的同学请在本周内与学生会联系；
4．报名截止日期：本周末。
注意：1.词数120～150；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文
An English Editor Wanted
Our school newspaper is looking for an editor for its English edition.The job mainly includes two parts.One is to choose proper English articles from other newspapers，magazines or the Internet for us students.The other is to pick out articles from students in our school and edit them for use.
We hope that he/she could meet the following requirements.First，he/she is willing to devote some of the spare time to serving others.Second，it’s necessary for him/her to be good at both English and art.Needless to say that the ability to use the computer is important as well.
Those who are interested in the job please get in touch with the Students’ Union.The deadline is this weekend.
Students’ Union
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．The schoolmaster ________ the girl for her courage.
A．applauded B．appeared
C．apologized D．clapped
答案 A
解析 句意为：校长为女孩的勇气鼓掌。applaud鼓掌，欢呼，符合句意。
2．As there is less and less coal and oil，scientists are exploring new ways of making use of ________ energy，such as sunlight，wind and water for power and fuel.
A．primary B．alternative
C．instant D．unique
答案 B
解析 既然石油和煤都越来越少，人们只好使用一些其它可替代这些燃料的东西。alternative有“可选择的，可替代的”之意，符合句意。primary首要的，初期的；instant立即的，迅速的；unique独特的。
3．He is too old to ________ the name of that book.
A．pick up B．think of
C．come up D．fill in
答案 B
解析 句意为：他年纪太大了，想不起那本书的名字了。pick up拾起，偶然学会；think of想起；come up走近；fill in填写。由句意可知选B项。
4．He ________ as a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country in the Olympics.
A．regarded
B．was regarded
C．has regarded
D．had been regarded
答案 B
解析 句子主语和regard之间为被动关系，且是发生在过去的动作，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
5．The leader is losing ground as the rest of the runners ________.
A．accelerate B．accumulate
C．arise D．advance
答案 A
解析 句意为：领先者在其余赛跑者加速时就逐渐失去了优势。accelerate加速；accumulate积累；arise出现，产生；advance前进。根据句意选A项。
6．I ________ Lucy to be careful with her handwriting all the time，but she hasn’t polished it at all.
A．told B．have been telling
C．will be telling D．have told
答案 B
解析 句意为：我一直告诉露西注意她的书写，但是她根本没有改善。根据语境以及时间状语all the time可知“我”一直在告诉她，动作从过去持续到现在并还将持续下去，应用现在完成进行时，故选B项。
7．The government has set up a working party to ________ the problem of drug abuse.
A．look into B．look out
C．look in D．look up
答案 A
解析 句意为：政府已成立一个工作组来调查吸毒问题。look into调查，符合句意。
8．The scientist discovered a dinosaur fossil ________ from 4,000 years ago.
A．dates B．date
C．dated D．dating
答案 D
解析 dating from此处相当于定语从句which dates from...，是现在分词短语作后置定语。
9．Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ________ your advice.
A．followed B．would follow
C．had followed D．should follow
答案 C
解析 句意为：看看我现在的麻烦。要是我当时听了你的建议就好了。If only后跟与过去事实相反的句子，用过去完成时。
10．—Terry, I need to see a doctor.
—________？
A．So what B．What else
C．How come D．What for
答案 D
解析 考查交际用语。what for意为“为何目的，为什么”，相当于what do you see a doctor for。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Going to school means learning new skills and facts in different subjects.Teachers teach and students learn，and many scientists are interested in finding ways to improve both teaching and learning processes.
Sian Beilock and Susan Levine，two psychologists at the University of Chicago，are trying to learn about learning.In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school，Beilock and Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn：If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills，then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math.“If these girls keep getting math anxious female teachers in later grades，it_may_create_a_snowball_effect_on_their_
math_achievement，” Levine told Science News.The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are，then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.
Just as students find certain subjects to be difficult，teachers can find certain subjects to be difficult to learn—and teach.The subject of math can be particularly difficult for everyone.
The new study involved 65 girls,52 boys and 17 first and second grade teachers in elementary schools in the Midwest.The students took math achievement tests at the beginning and end of the school year，and the researchers compared the scores.
The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed a math superstar had to be a boy.Then the researchers turned to the teachers：To find out which teachers were anxious about math，the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math，such as when reading a sales receipt.A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt，for example，was probably anxious about math.
Boys，on average，were unaffected by a teacher’s anxiety.On average，girls with math anxious teachers scored lower on the end of the year math tests than other girls in the study did.Plus，on the test showing whether someone thought a math superstar had to be a boy,20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math—and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers with math anxiety.
According to surveys done before this one，college students who want to become elementary school teachers have the highest levels of anxiety about math.Plus，nine of every 10 elementary teachers are women，Levine said.
1．Sian Beilock and Susan Levine carried out the new research in order to ________.
A．know the effects of teaching on learning
B．study students’ ways of learning math
C．prove women teachers are unfit to teach math
D．find better teaching methods for teachers
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school...”可知Sian Beilock和Susan Levine进行这项研究是为了了解孩子们学习数学的方法。
2．The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that girls may ________.
A．end up learning math anxiety from their teachers
B．study the ways their female teachers behave
C．have an influence on their math anxious female teachers
D．gain unexpected achievement in such subjects as math
答案 A
解析 句意理解题。根据本段内容可知，如果女老师对数学有焦虑感，那么她的女学生可能会认为男生要比女生在数学这一学科上有天赋，对数学也会越来越不自信，这也就意味着，如果女生一直遇到对数学有焦虑感的女老师，那么这种焦虑感最终也会传染给她们，所以答案为A项。
3．In the study，what were the teachers required to do
A．Prepare two math achievement tests for the students.
B．Tell their feelings about math problems.
C．Answer whether a math superstar had to be a boy.
D．Compare the students’ scores after the math tests.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“To find out which teachers were anxious about math，the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math，such as when reading a sales receipt.”可知，老师被要求说出他们在碰到数学问题时的感受。
4．What is the finding of the new study
A．No male students were affected by their teachers’anxiety.
B．Almost all the girls got lower scores in the tests than the boys.
C．About 30% of the girls thought boys are better at math than girls.
D．Girls with math anxious teachers all failed in the math tests.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The new study involved 65 girls...”可知参加研究项目的女生共65人，再根据倒数第二段最后一句“Plus，on the test showing whether someone thought a math superstar had to be a boy,20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math—and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers with math anxiety.”可推算出，20位女生占65位女生中的约30%。
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．117 students and teachers took part in the new study.
B．The researchers felt surprised at the findings of their study.
C．Beilock and Levine are interested in teaching math.
D．Men teachers are better at teaching math than women teachers.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...Beilock and Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn...”可知，这两位研究人员对研究结果表示惊讶。
文章中的2个阅读障碍句分析
1．If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills, then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math.(Paragraph 2)
句式分析：if引导条件状语从句，主句中动词不定式to believe后接一个that引导的宾语从句，be likely to do...很可能做……。
自主翻译：如果一位女教师对自己数学方面的能力不满意，那么她所教的女学生会更可能认为男生比女生在数学这一学科上优秀。
2．The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are, then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.(Paragraph 2)
句式分析：动词suggest (表明)后跟that引导的宾语从句，在从句中含有if引导的条件状语从句，if从句中还含有一个that引导的宾语从句that boys are better at math...。
自主翻译：研究表明，如果这些女孩子在成长的过程中认为男孩子在数学方面比女孩子优秀的话，那么她们的表现就不如有信心时好。
Ⅲ.写作
假如你是校报负责人，急需在学校内聘一位同学任英文版的编辑。请你以“An English Editor Wanted”为题，用英文写一则招聘启事。内容要点如下：
1．工作内容：一是从英文报刊、杂志及互联网上选择适合学生的文章；二是选择并编辑同学们的来稿；
2．希望该同学满足下列要求：
(1)乐于奉献出一些业余时间为同学们服务；
(2)英文与美术皆好，能熟练使用电脑；
3．感兴趣的同学请在本周内与学生会联系；
4．报名截止日期：本周末。
注意：1.词数120～150；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文
An English Editor Wanted
Our school newspaper is looking for an editor for its English edition.The job mainly includes two parts.One is to choose proper English articles from other newspapers，magazines or the Internet for us students.The other is to pick out articles from students in our school and edit them for use.
We hope that he/she could meet the following requirements.First，he/she is willing to devote some of the spare time to serving others.Second，it’s necessary for him/her to be good at both English and art.Needless to say that the ability to use the computer is important as well.
Those who are interested in the job please get in touch with the Students’ Union.The deadline is this weekend.
Students’ Union