大一轮高考英语练出高分选修8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
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Book 8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．I thought her nice and honest________I met her.
A．first time B．for the first time
C．the first time D．by the first time
答案 C
解析 只有the first time“第一次”，起连词作用，引导时间状语从句。
2．________ twice，the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
A．Being bitten B．Bitten
C．Having bitten D．To be bitten
答案 B
解析 Bitten twice在句中作状语，bite与句子主语the postman之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语，表示被动。
3．Before he could run away，she seized him ________ the collar.
A．at B．with
C．for D．by
答案 D
解析 seize sb.by the...抓住某人的……，为固定搭配。
4．The employee you had been thinking highly ________ dishonest.
A．of proving B．of proved
C．of to prove D．of being proved
答案 B
解析 you had been thinking highly of是定语从句，修饰employee；而proved是谓语动词，主语为employee。
5．The manager isn’t in at the moment; would you like to________later
A．ring down B．ring off
C．ring up D．ring back
答案 D
解析 考查动词短语辨析。前句提到，经理现在不在，紧接着说：请您过一会再打好吗？由此可知，这里是让对方过一会再打电话，因此用ring back，意为“打回电话”。
6．Good health ________ regular exercise and a good habit of living.
A．calls up B．calls for
C．calls on D．calls off
答案 B
解析 句意为：健康需要定期锻炼和好的生活习惯。call for需要，符合句意。
7．The performance of the host，________to please the audience and draw their attention，was greeted with a cold silence，however.
A．had intended B．intended
C．intending D．to intend
答案 B
解析 该题为分词短语作定语，排除A项；逻辑主语the performance与intend 是被动关系，故用过去分词。
8．Start out right away，________ you’ll miss the first train.
A．and B．but
C．or D．which
答案 C
解析 句意为：立刻出发，否则你会错过第一班火车的。or否则，符合句意。
9．—I enjoyed a very good holiday in my hometown.
—________.
A．It’s my pleasure
B．Congratulations
C．Oh，I’m glad to hear that
D．Oh，that’s very nice of you
答案 C
解析 句意为：——我在家乡度过了一个愉快的假期。——哦，听你这么说我很高兴。当说话人表达愉快的经历或心情时，答话者应表示同样高兴，故C项符合题意。
10．If you don’t like the drink you ________，just leave it and try a different one.
(2011·大纲全国Ⅱ，9)
A．ordered B．are ordering
C．will order D．had ordered
答案 A
解析 句意为：如果你不喜欢你点的饮料，就别喝了，再换一种。由句意可知饮料是刚才点的，故用一般过去时。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Women had a significant part to play during World War Ⅱ，which was the time when women also made their own contributions.Some women’s great efforts and their names have been recorded in history.Here’s a look at some of the strong figures of women in World War Ⅱ.
Tatiana Nikolaevna Baramzina was born in Glazov of Russia on December 12,1919.In 1943，she was sent to the Central Women’s Sniper Training School and upon her graduation in April，she was further sent to the front.She managed to kill around 16 enemies in the first three months！Unfortunately，she was captured(俘虏) by the enemies and was killed on the fifth of July in 1944.Today，the street where she grew up has been renamed in her memory.
Anne Frank was a German born Jewish girl who was well known for the publication of her diary that described all her experiences when the Germans occupied Holland in World War Ⅱ.Anne was born on June 12,1929 and she，along with her family，went into hiding in July 1942.Two years later，her family was captured and seven months from her arrest，Anne Frank died of illness in early March 1945.
Margaret Ringenberg was born on 17 June,1921，in Indiana of America.She began her career during World War Ⅱ when she became a ferry pilot for the Women Airforce Service Pilots.After that she turned a flight instructor in 1945.She even wrote her own book named Girls Can’t Be Pilots.She passed away on 28 July,2008，after flying for 40,000 hours in the air.
Hannah Szenes was born on 17th July,1921 and was trained to parachute(用降落伞空投) by the British army into Yugoslavia during World War Ⅱ.This task was given in order to save the Jews of Hungary.Her secret mission was not revealed even when she was tortured(折磨) following her arrest at the Hungarian border.Hannah Szenes had to brave immense tortures，yet she did not lose heart.She bravely battled it out and tried to sing to keep her spirits high！She also kept a record of events in her diary till 7th November,1944，when she was finally killed.
These names are just a few of the women who played a significant part in World War Ⅱ.Their stories go a long way in showing the kind of lifestyles they led and their struggles and sacrifices.
1．What is mainly discussed in the text
A．Women were braver than men in World War Ⅱ.
B．Women and men made equal contributions in World War Ⅱ.
C．Women played a significant role in World War Ⅱ.
D．Women’s death rate was high in World War Ⅱ.
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章首段指出女性在二战中发挥了很大作用，做出了重要贡献，紧接着通过对四位女英雄事迹的介绍说明了这一点，末段也做了总结。因此，本文主要讲述女性在二战中的重要作用，故答案为C项。
2．Which of the four women heroes died the youngest
A．Tatiana Baramzina. B．Anne Frank.
C．Margaret Ringenberg. D．Hannah Szenes.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。比较四人的出生及死亡时间，可知Tatiana Baramzina，Anne Frank，Margaret Ringenberg，Hannah Szenes死时分别为25岁、16岁、87岁、23岁，因此可知Anne Frank去世时最年轻，故答案为B项。
3．Who were killed by the enemy in the war
A．Tatiana Baramzina and Anne Frank.
B．Hannah Szenes and Tatiana Baramzina.
C．Anne Frank and Margaret Ringenberg.
D．Margaret Ringenberg and Hannah Szenes.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Unfortunately，she was captured(俘虏) by the enemies and was killed on the fifth of July in 1944.”和倒数第二段最后一句“She also kept a record of events in her diary till 7th November,1944，when she was finally killed.”可知Tatiana Baramzina和Hannah Szenes在战争中被敌人杀害。
4．It can be learned from the text that ________.
A．Tatiana Baramzina was once a flight instructor
B．Margaret Ringenberg was the best at writing about the war experiences
C．Anne Frank and her family were arrested by Germans in 1944
D．Hannah Szenes was arrested by Germans because of her diary
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段“...when the Germans occupied Holland...”以及“...went into hiding in July 1942.Two years later，her family was captured and seven months from her arrest...”可知Anne Frank和家人在1944年被德国人抓捕。
5．The underlined word “brave” in Paragraph 5 means “________”．
A．fully accept B．greatly enjoy
C．think in a cool way D．face without fear
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据上一句的“即使她被捕后受尽折磨也没有泄漏自己的秘密使命”和后一分句“她没有丧失信心”，可以推断brave在此意为“勇敢面对”。
Ⅲ.阅读表达
[1]Big storms.High waves.Technical failures.Loneliness.After battling hard times and danger for over nine months.British teenager Mike Perham made history last month as the youngest person to sail solo (单独) around the world.
[2]The 17 year old made the record after he cleared the Panama Canal(巴拿马运河) and then sailed through the Caribbean and home across the Atlantic.
[3]Mike is only three months younger than Zac Sunderland，the 17 year old American boy who had taken the crown as the youngest solo around the world sailor in July.
[4]The two youngsters met in Cape Town in South Africa as they crossed the globe in different directions.Mike insisted they were not rival(竞争对手)．“No.It’s two teenagers going out there，living their dream and having the adventure of a lifetime，”he said.
[5]Mike may be young，but he is no stranger to sailing adventures.He picked up the hobby at age 6 when his father took him out in a small boat on a local lake.Father and son sailed separate boats across the Atlantic when Mike was 14，making him the youngest person to cross that ocean solo.That record gave him the taste for this even greater challenge.
[6]On the recent journey，the scariest moment for Mike came when his sailboat was hit by storms in the southern Indian Ocean.
[7]“We were picked up by what felt like a 60 foot wave and threw down on our side at 90 degrees，” he said.
[8]“It felt like I was going right over.Stuff was flying around and I just thought ‘Oh no’．”
[9]At other times，he had to dive into the Pacific and fix problems.He tied himself to the boat，jumped into the water and went to work with a knife in 30 second dives underneath (在……之下) the boat to cut a rope away.
[10]Mike said he felt proud that he made his dream come true.“You’ve got to have confidence in yourself that you will make it，” he said.
1．What’s the main idea of the passage？(no more than 15 words)
How_a_British_teenager_succeeded_in_sailing_solo_around_the_world_as_the_youngest_person.
2．Which canal did Mike Perham cross (no more than 3 words)
The_Panama_Canal.
3．What does the underlined word “taste” in the fifth paragraph mean？(1 word)
Experience.
4．What did Mike believe in (no more than 10 words)
Having_confidence_in_yourself_will_make_you_successful.
5．What do you think of Mike Perham (no more than 10 words)
略。
Ⅳ.写作素材(关于专利)
1．Thomas先生是一个谨慎的商人，他的产品获得了专利。
2．但是，后来他发现他的产品没有达到标准。
3．他抓住机会着手来改善产品。
4．他希望自己的产品能经受得住检验。
5．他也希望他的收入会稳定增长。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用who引导的定语从句，that引导的宾语从句。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Mr.Thomas，who was a cautious businessman，got a patent for his products.But later he found his products didn’t live up to their criteria.He seized the chance and set out to improve them.He expected that his products could bear the tests and that his income would have a stable increase.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．I thought her nice and honest________I met her.
A．first time B．for the first time
C．the first time D．by the first time
答案 C
解析 只有the first time“第一次”，起连词作用，引导时间状语从句。
2．________ twice，the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
A．Being bitten B．Bitten
C．Having bitten D．To be bitten
答案 B
解析 Bitten twice在句中作状语，bite与句子主语the postman之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语，表示被动。
3．Before he could run away，she seized him ________ the collar.
A．at B．with
C．for D．by
答案 D
解析 seize sb.by the...抓住某人的……，为固定搭配。
4．The employee you had been thinking highly ________ dishonest.
A．of proving B．of proved
C．of to prove D．of being proved
答案 B
解析 you had been thinking highly of是定语从句，修饰employee；而proved是谓语动词，主语为employee。
5．The manager isn’t in at the moment; would you like to________later
A．ring down B．ring off
C．ring up D．ring back
答案 D
解析 考查动词短语辨析。前句提到，经理现在不在，紧接着说：请您过一会再打好吗？由此可知，这里是让对方过一会再打电话，因此用ring back，意为“打回电话”。
6．Good health ________ regular exercise and a good habit of living.
A．calls up B．calls for
C．calls on D．calls off
答案 B
解析 句意为：健康需要定期锻炼和好的生活习惯。call for需要，符合句意。
7．The performance of the host，________to please the audience and draw their attention，was greeted with a cold silence，however.
A．had intended B．intended
C．intending D．to intend
答案 B
解析 该题为分词短语作定语，排除A项；逻辑主语the performance与intend 是被动关系，故用过去分词。
8．Start out right away，________ you’ll miss the first train.
A．and B．but
C．or D．which
答案 C
解析 句意为：立刻出发，否则你会错过第一班火车的。or否则，符合句意。
9．—I enjoyed a very good holiday in my hometown.
—________.
A．It’s my pleasure
B．Congratulations
C．Oh，I’m glad to hear that
D．Oh，that’s very nice of you
答案 C
解析 句意为：——我在家乡度过了一个愉快的假期。——哦，听你这么说我很高兴。当说话人表达愉快的经历或心情时，答话者应表示同样高兴，故C项符合题意。
10．If you don’t like the drink you ________，just leave it and try a different one.
(2011·大纲全国Ⅱ，9)
A．ordered B．are ordering
C．will order D．had ordered
答案 A
解析 句意为：如果你不喜欢你点的饮料，就别喝了，再换一种。由句意可知饮料是刚才点的，故用一般过去时。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Women had a significant part to play during World War Ⅱ，which was the time when women also made their own contributions.Some women’s great efforts and their names have been recorded in history.Here’s a look at some of the strong figures of women in World War Ⅱ.
Tatiana Nikolaevna Baramzina was born in Glazov of Russia on December 12,1919.In 1943，she was sent to the Central Women’s Sniper Training School and upon her graduation in April，she was further sent to the front.She managed to kill around 16 enemies in the first three months！Unfortunately，she was captured(俘虏) by the enemies and was killed on the fifth of July in 1944.Today，the street where she grew up has been renamed in her memory.
Anne Frank was a German born Jewish girl who was well known for the publication of her diary that described all her experiences when the Germans occupied Holland in World War Ⅱ.Anne was born on June 12,1929 and she，along with her family，went into hiding in July 1942.Two years later，her family was captured and seven months from her arrest，Anne Frank died of illness in early March 1945.
Margaret Ringenberg was born on 17 June,1921，in Indiana of America.She began her career during World War Ⅱ when she became a ferry pilot for the Women Airforce Service Pilots.After that she turned a flight instructor in 1945.She even wrote her own book named Girls Can’t Be Pilots.She passed away on 28 July,2008，after flying for 40,000 hours in the air.
Hannah Szenes was born on 17th July,1921 and was trained to parachute(用降落伞空投) by the British army into Yugoslavia during World War Ⅱ.This task was given in order to save the Jews of Hungary.Her secret mission was not revealed even when she was tortured(折磨) following her arrest at the Hungarian border.Hannah Szenes had to brave immense tortures，yet she did not lose heart.She bravely battled it out and tried to sing to keep her spirits high！She also kept a record of events in her diary till 7th November,1944，when she was finally killed.
These names are just a few of the women who played a significant part in World War Ⅱ.Their stories go a long way in showing the kind of lifestyles they led and their struggles and sacrifices.
1．What is mainly discussed in the text
A．Women were braver than men in World War Ⅱ.
B．Women and men made equal contributions in World War Ⅱ.
C．Women played a significant role in World War Ⅱ.
D．Women’s death rate was high in World War Ⅱ.
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章首段指出女性在二战中发挥了很大作用，做出了重要贡献，紧接着通过对四位女英雄事迹的介绍说明了这一点，末段也做了总结。因此，本文主要讲述女性在二战中的重要作用，故答案为C项。
2．Which of the four women heroes died the youngest
A．Tatiana Baramzina. B．Anne Frank.
C．Margaret Ringenberg. D．Hannah Szenes.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。比较四人的出生及死亡时间，可知Tatiana Baramzina，Anne Frank，Margaret Ringenberg，Hannah Szenes死时分别为25岁、16岁、87岁、23岁，因此可知Anne Frank去世时最年轻，故答案为B项。
3．Who were killed by the enemy in the war
A．Tatiana Baramzina and Anne Frank.
B．Hannah Szenes and Tatiana Baramzina.
C．Anne Frank and Margaret Ringenberg.
D．Margaret Ringenberg and Hannah Szenes.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Unfortunately，she was captured(俘虏) by the enemies and was killed on the fifth of July in 1944.”和倒数第二段最后一句“She also kept a record of events in her diary till 7th November,1944，when she was finally killed.”可知Tatiana Baramzina和Hannah Szenes在战争中被敌人杀害。
4．It can be learned from the text that ________.
A．Tatiana Baramzina was once a flight instructor
B．Margaret Ringenberg was the best at writing about the war experiences
C．Anne Frank and her family were arrested by Germans in 1944
D．Hannah Szenes was arrested by Germans because of her diary
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段“...when the Germans occupied Holland...”以及“...went into hiding in July 1942.Two years later，her family was captured and seven months from her arrest...”可知Anne Frank和家人在1944年被德国人抓捕。
5．The underlined word “brave” in Paragraph 5 means “________”．
A．fully accept B．greatly enjoy
C．think in a cool way D．face without fear
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据上一句的“即使她被捕后受尽折磨也没有泄漏自己的秘密使命”和后一分句“她没有丧失信心”，可以推断brave在此意为“勇敢面对”。
Ⅲ.阅读表达
[1]Big storms.High waves.Technical failures.Loneliness.After battling hard times and danger for over nine months.British teenager Mike Perham made history last month as the youngest person to sail solo (单独) around the world.
[2]The 17 year old made the record after he cleared the Panama Canal(巴拿马运河) and then sailed through the Caribbean and home across the Atlantic.
[3]Mike is only three months younger than Zac Sunderland，the 17 year old American boy who had taken the crown as the youngest solo around the world sailor in July.
[4]The two youngsters met in Cape Town in South Africa as they crossed the globe in different directions.Mike insisted they were not rival(竞争对手)．“No.It’s two teenagers going out there，living their dream and having the adventure of a lifetime，”he said.
[5]Mike may be young，but he is no stranger to sailing adventures.He picked up the hobby at age 6 when his father took him out in a small boat on a local lake.Father and son sailed separate boats across the Atlantic when Mike was 14，making him the youngest person to cross that ocean solo.That record gave him the taste for this even greater challenge.
[6]On the recent journey，the scariest moment for Mike came when his sailboat was hit by storms in the southern Indian Ocean.
[7]“We were picked up by what felt like a 60 foot wave and threw down on our side at 90 degrees，” he said.
[8]“It felt like I was going right over.Stuff was flying around and I just thought ‘Oh no’．”
[9]At other times，he had to dive into the Pacific and fix problems.He tied himself to the boat，jumped into the water and went to work with a knife in 30 second dives underneath (在……之下) the boat to cut a rope away.
[10]Mike said he felt proud that he made his dream come true.“You’ve got to have confidence in yourself that you will make it，” he said.
1．What’s the main idea of the passage？(no more than 15 words)
How_a_British_teenager_succeeded_in_sailing_solo_around_the_world_as_the_youngest_person.
2．Which canal did Mike Perham cross (no more than 3 words)
The_Panama_Canal.
3．What does the underlined word “taste” in the fifth paragraph mean？(1 word)
Experience.
4．What did Mike believe in (no more than 10 words)
Having_confidence_in_yourself_will_make_you_successful.
5．What do you think of Mike Perham (no more than 10 words)
略。
Ⅳ.写作素材(关于专利)
1．Thomas先生是一个谨慎的商人，他的产品获得了专利。
2．但是，后来他发现他的产品没有达到标准。
3．他抓住机会着手来改善产品。
4．他希望自己的产品能经受得住检验。
5．他也希望他的收入会稳定增长。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用who引导的定语从句，that引导的宾语从句。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Mr.Thomas，who was a cautious businessman，got a patent for his products.But later he found his products didn’t live up to their criteria.He seized the chance and set out to improve them.He expected that his products could bear the tests and that his income would have a stable increase.