Unit 8 A green world 单元话题完形填空训练（含解析）2023-2024学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版）

Unit 8 A green world
单元话题完形填空练习
（22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
It only takes one person to make huge changes in a community. Margie Richard is one of these people. She is a great Black environmental activist（活跃分子）. She has worked for many years to 1 her hometown. She has also helped other Black communities fight against 2 pollution.
Even today, Black people are more likely than white people to live in neighborhoods with 3 levels of air pollution. These neighborhoods are 4 near factories that pollute the air. This pollution causes people in these communities to get 5 . Richards fights against big companies that 6 these factories. She wants people in these communities to be able to breathe clean air and live 7 lives.
First, Richard spoke to scientists and environmentalists. She had to prove（证明）that the 8 was polluting the air. After more than 13 years of hard work, Richard and others put together a report. This report proved that the factory 9 2 million pounds of harmful chemicals into the air each year. Richard spoke to the media（媒体）about the 10 of this air pollution. She convinced（使信服）many people 11 the country. They helped spread her message.
Finally, the oil company agreed to help people in Old Diamond. The company paid people money to move away from the factory. It also worked to 12 its factories to be less harmful to the environment.
Margie Richard believes there is still a long way to go, 13 she continues to help other communities fight against pollution from big companies. She wants to get her 14 out to the world. She reminds people that 15 can change their community. They just have to speak up and take action！
1．A．find B．control C．improve D．organize
2．A．air B．land C．water D．noise
3．A．low B．new C．old D．high
4．A．never B．seldom C．once D．often
5．A．bad B．sick C．strong D．happy
6．A．run B．buy C．stop D．hurt
7．A．fuller B．slower C．faster D．healthier
8．A．factories B．companies C．communities D．neighborhoods
9．A．put off B．took off C．gave off D．cut off
10．A．goals B．dangers C．chances D．meanings
11．A．at B．for C．with D．across
12．A．move B．wish C．avoid D．change
13．A．unless B．so C．that D．although
14．A．pollution B．factories C．company D．idea
15．A．someone B．something C．anyone D．anything
（21-22八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）1970 was World Conservation Year. Everyone must know that the world is in danger. 16 is one example of the 17 . At one time there were 1300 different kinds of trees and flowers in Holland (荷兰), but now only 866 remains (继续存在). 18 have been destroyed (毁坏) by modern man. We are changing the earth, the air and the water, and 19 that grows and lives. If we go on like this, we shall destroy ourselves.
What will happen in the future Perhaps 20 is more important to ask “What must we do now ” The people who will be living in the world tomorrow are 21 young of today. A lot of them know that conservation is necessary. Many are helping to save 22 .
Now fifteen million young people in many countries are studying 23 and the country around them. In some countries they spend much time as “conservation volunteers”. They plant trees and help to 24 wild birds and animals.
But everyone, 25 young people, must work to save our world.
16．A．He B．It C．Here D．There
17．A．problem B．question C．trouble D．difficult
18．A．Some B．Others C．The other D．The others
19．A．everything B．Nothing C．Something D．all things
20．A．this B．that C．it D．one
21．A．a B．an C．the D．/
22．A．ourselves B．our world C．our lives D．living things
23．A．man B．men C．a man D．the men
24．A．find B．protect C．catch D．keep
25．A．not only B．except C．also D．together with
（21-22八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）I love Switzerland. It is a country 26 high mountains and clean 27 lakes. It is beautiful, and we should try to keep it that way.
28 Switzerland, things 29 glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled. Even old clothes and shoes can be recycled. I learnt about an organization for recycling clothes. It collects old 30 from all over the country. Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are 31 to the poor, and 32 are sent to factories for recycling. My family and I often send our old jeans and T-shirt to this organization.
Our government has many laws to protect the environment. For example, we are not allowed to cut 33 trees. 34 , we will be punished. If we drop litter in a public place, we will be fined 35 the police. There are also laws to limit air and water pollution.
Nature is our greatest treasure. We 36 its rich resources to live, so it is important for us 37 it wisely. Luckily, we are starting to use energy from the sun, wind and water. These new types of energy cost very little and will never 38 . Moreover, they produce 39 pollution.
Today is 5 June, World Environment Day. What have you done for the environment Remember that everyone can do something to make a 40 .
26．A．without B．with C．have D．has
27．A．blue B．red C．yellow D．green
28．A．On B．At C．To D．In
29．A．likes B．liking C．like D．is like
30．A．clothes B．trousers C．T-shirt D．jeans
31．A．give B．given C．gives D．giving
32．A．another B．other C．the others D．others
33．A．down B．off C．out D．from
34．A．Therefore B．However C．Otherwise D．Moreover
35．A．for B．from C．up D．by
36．A．carry on B．depend on C．keep on D．turn on
37．A．to practise B．to pollute C．to protect D．to produce
38．A．run out B．run after C．run away D．run out of
39．A．a few B．few C．a little D．little
40．A．different B．difference C．differences D．differently
（21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）Do you often use plastic straws (吸管) You probably use them to 41 lots of things, such as soybean milk (豆浆) , cola or milk tea. Plastic straws are small 42 they are a big problem. They are made in 10 minutes, used in 20 43 and normally remain on the earth for over 100 years since they cannot be 44 easily.
But how do plastic straws get into the 45 Because of human mistakes, they are often thrown away, left on beaches, or blown out of bins. The waste management (管理) in some areas are so poor and remember, all gutters (排水沟) lead to our ocean. 46 , plastic straws kill ocean life. Once a 47 was found bleeding because a 12-centimeter-long plastic straw was pushed into 48 nose. How terrible!
In fact, around 500 million plastic straws are used every day in the US alone. That is enough to circle 49 two-and-a-half times around our planet! If we don’t take action now, there will be 50 plastic in the ocean than fish by 2050.
Luckily, more and more people around the world have realized this problem. They begin to think about 51 plastic straws are necessary or not when drinking drinks.
So what can we do right now to reduce plastic pollution The simplest way is to say “ 52 ” to single-use plastic, like straws. For example, next time if you go to a restaurant, make sure you order your drink without a straw. What if people need to use a straw There are reusable (可再用的) straws instead. These straws can be used, 53 , and reused over and over again.
Coffee house chain Starbucks (星巴克) has started to 54 lids (盖子) without straws and paper straws instead of plastic straws in almost 1000 stores in Shanghai and Shenzhen. Starbucks is not alone. McDonald’s has 55 taken action to reduce the use of plastic straws. It is hoped that more businesses and customers will work together to protect our environment.
41．A．drink B．eat C．tie D．make
42．A．so B．and C．or D．but
43．A．seconds B．minutes C．hours D．days
44．A．cut down B．written down C．broken down D．put down
45．A．earth B．air C．water D．ocean
46．A．For example B．Such as C．Even worse D．For one thing
47．A．camel B．monkey C．turtle D．giraffe
48．A．their B．its C．her D．his
49．A．closely B．nearly C．specially D．particularly
50．A．more B．fewer C．less D．better
51．A．whether B．if C．why D．what
52．A．hello B．sorry C．yes D．no
53．A．repaired B．burned C．picked D．cleaned
54．A．offer B．afford C．affect D．instruct
55．A．still B．also C．ever D．just
（20-21八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）I can’t remember when I started 56 litter. But it was when I got tired of seeing litter near my home and I realized that 57 else was going to pick it up.
I live close to a forest in Ohio, America. I can walk there 58 three minutes! I used to love going there to play with my dog. But one day there was so much litter there that I became very 59 . I decided to clean up the forest. I wanted to feel happy going there again.
I made my 60 trip to clean the forest that afternoon. I took a big black rubbish bag with me. Ten minutes after starting to pick up litter, my bag was 61 ! It had cans, bottles, broken glass and newspapers in it.
62 the first trip three years ago, I’ve gone to the forest four times a year to pick up litter. I’m often there for three hours. It makes me feel great to do something for the environment. After each trip, I 63 all the litter I’ve found. If any of it is recycled(可回收的), I will keep it. I can’t understand 64 people drop litter. But I will keep picking it up 65 they stop dropping it.
I know I can only do a small bit to help the earth, but I will think it is important.
56．A．dropping B．collecting C．throwing D．wasting
57．A．nobody B．somebody C．everybody D．anybody
58．A．for B．during C．over D．in
59．A．hopeless B．bored C．tired D．unhappy
60．A．second B．next C．first D．last
61．A．dirty B．broken C．full D．away
62．A．Since B．For C．On D．As
63．A．look for B．look through C．look after D．look out
64．A．that B．when C．where D．why
65．A．when B．unless C．until D．after
（20-21八年级上·江苏淮安·期末）The story of Xi Wang
Xi Wang is a cute panda. When she was born, she 66 just 100 grams and looked like a white mouse. When she was 4 months old, she began to go 67 for a walk for the first time. At first, Xi Wang drank 68 mother’s milk instead of bamboo. When she was 20 months old, she began to 69 herself.
70 , there are only about 1600 pandas in the wild, and they face serious problems. For example, it is very 71 for pandas to have babies and many baby pandas 72 when they are very young. Also, giant pandas live mainly 73 a special kind of bamboo, but the bamboo forests are becoming smaller and smaller. As a result, pandas are now 74 .
We should do something to 75 giant pandas. Here are some ideas. Scientists should take 76 right away to help pandas have more babies and help them 77 healthily. The government should build more panda 78 so that they will have a place to live and food to eat. Moreover, we need to make 79 to protect pandas. If someone hurt pandas, they will be punished. We do believe that 80 there is Xi Wang, there is hope.
66．A．weight B．weigh C．weighed D．weighs
67．A．outside B．inside C．up D．down
68．A．herself B．hers C．she D．her
69．A．take care B．look after C．take up D．look at
70．A．Luckily B．Sadly C．Lucky D．Sad
71．A．difficult B．easy C．different D．important
72．A．dying B．dead C．dies D．die
73．A．with B．at C．on D．in
74．A．in danger B．in need C．in fear D．in place
75．A．raise B．support C．protect D．prevent
76．A．actions B．action C．act D．acting
77．A．grow up B．grow in C．grow on D．grow from
78．A．houses B．reserves C．forest D．bamboo
79．A．ideas B．advice C．ways D．laws
80．A．what B．when C．where D．how
（20-21八年级下·江苏镇江·单元测试）根据材料内容，从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Is the water in the river clean now Have you 81 drunk water directly from the river I guess your answer is “No”. Perhaps you may have tried the water from a well (井) or from a tap. 82 , as I know, many people drink water from a water boiler or the bottled water bought from a shop nowadays.
But things were quite 83 many years ago. At that time, all the small rivers around us were very clear and the water was very clean. If you were 84 , you could just take some water from the 85 with your hands and drink it directly. It was cool and sweet. In 86 , when it was hot, you could swim in the river. 87 comfortable it was!
However, all these were in the past. Things 88 a lot over these years. There is more and more waste now. The rivers are full of all kinds of waste. Most of the river water has become very dirty 89 the large pollution. Some river water is not even clean for us to wash our hands.
What a 90 ! I wonder when I can taste the clear and safe river water again.
81．A．already B．just C．ever D．never
82．A．However B．Though C．Since D．Yet
83．A．same B．easy C．difficult D．different
84．A．thirsty B．hungry C．tired D．sleepy
85．A．well B．lake C．sea D．river
86．A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter
87．A．What B．How C．Why D．When
88．A．turned B．have turned C．changed D．have changed
89．A．because B．because of C．instead D．instead of
90．A．matter B．fact C．luck D．pity
（22-23八年级上·江苏南通·期末）Have you ever heard of Saihanba It is a very big forest lying in Chengde, Hebei. In Mongolian, 91 name means “beautiful highland”. Just as the name suggests, across the area were endless forest grasslands and clear lakes.
Saihanba used to be a royal (皇家的) hunting ground. The weather there was 92 that in spring all year round. However, in 1860, 93 enough money, the land was open to all people. In the following years, cutting trees and wildfires 94 destroyed (破坏) the forests and grasslands. By the 1950s, Saihanba had poor land without animals or plants.
The plans for rebuilding a national forest in Saihanba started in the 1960s. 95 scientists travelled through Saihanba and studied there in 1961. When they 96 Saihanba, they could hardly find any trees. They finally found one standing alone in the large land. It greatly encouraged (鼓励) them.
From then on, they asked the workers 97 working until they turned Saihanba into a new national forest. 98 they were planting trees there, they met countless difficulties. But they overcame (克服) the difficulties and great changes have taken place since then. Today, Saihanba is famous as the “Emerald (绿宝石) of North China”. It is very important 99 Beijing’s water and air quality because it can make the environment better. It is also a natural protection that can prevent sandstorms. In 2022, there are 100 sandstorms in Beijing over the years.
91．A．its B．it’s C．itself D．it
92．A．as nice as B．so nice as C．as dry as D．so dry as
93．A．make B．making C．to make D．made
94．A．quickly B．quick C．more quickly D．quicker
95．A．The number of B．A number of C．A little D．Little
96．A．arrived B．got in C．reached D．got
97．A．not stop B．didn’t stop C．don’t stop D．not to stop
98．A．Since B．After C．Before D．While
99．A．for B．of C．in D．with
100．A．the least B．the fewest C．least D．fewest
参考答案：
1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．D 13．B 14．D 15．C
【导语】本文介绍了理查德为抗击工厂对空气污染做出的斗争，并呼吁任何人都要把污染问题说出来并采取行动。
1．句意：她多年来一直在努力改善她的家乡。
find发现；control控制；improve改善；organize组织。根据“It only takes one person to make huge changes in a community. Margie Richard is one of these people.”可知，她多年来都在改善她的家乡，故选C。
2．句意：她还帮助其他黑人社区对抗空气污染。
air空气；land土地；water水；noise噪音。根据“near factories that pollute the air”可知，此处是说空气污染，故选A。
3．句意：即使在今天，黑人比白人更有可能生活在空气污染严重的社区。
low低的；new新的；old老的；high高的。根据“These neighborhoods are...near factories that pollute the air.”可知，黑人住在空气污染更高的地区，故选D。
4．句意：这些社区通常靠近污染空气的工厂。
never从不；seldom很少；once曾经；often经常。根据“Black people are more likely than white people to live in neighborhoods with...levels of air pollution.”可知，这里说的是这些社区通常靠近污染空气的工厂，故选D。
5．句意：这种污染导致这些社区的人们生病。
bad坏的；sick生病的；strong强壮的；happy开心的。结合常识可知，空气污染严重会对人们的健康有害，人们生活在那里会生病，故选B。
6．句意：理查德反对经营这些工厂的大公司。
run经营；buy买；stop停止；hurt伤害。根据“big companies that...these factories”可知，此处指的是公司经营工厂，故选A。
7．句意：她希望这些社区的人们能够呼吸到干净的空气，过上更健康的生活。
fuller更满的；slower更慢的；faster更快的；healthier更健康的。根据“This pollution causes people in these communities to get...”以及“She wants people in these communities to be able to breathe clean air”可知，这里是说想让社区的人们生活的更加健康，故选D。
8．句意：她必须证明工厂污染了空气。
factories工厂；companies公司；communities社区；neighborhoods街坊。根据“near factories that pollute the air”可知，是工厂污染了空气，故选A。
9．句意：这份报告证明这家工厂每年向空气中排放200万磅有害化学物质。
put off推迟；took off脱下；gave off排放；cut off切断。根据“2 million pounds of harmful chemicals into the air”可知，此处指的是工厂排放有害气体，故选C。
10．句意：理查德对媒体谈到了这种空气污染的危害。
goals目标；dangers危险；chances改变；meanings意义。根据“Richard spoke to the media (媒体) about the...of this air pollution.”可知，此处指的是向媒体说明了空气污染的危害，故选B。
11．句意：她说服了全国许多人。
at在……点钟；for为了；with和……一起；across遍及。across the country“全国”，是固定短语，故选D。
12．句意：它还努力改变其工厂，减少对环境的危害。
move移动；wish希望；avoid避免；change改变。根据“It also worked to...its factories to be less harmful to the environment.”可知，此处指的是改变工厂对环境的污染，故选D。
13．句意：玛吉·理查德认为，还有很长的路要走，所以她继续帮助其他社区对抗大公司造成的污染。
unless除非；so所以；that那个；although虽然。空格前后是因果关系，前因后果，用so连接，故选B。
14．句意：她想把她的想法传达给全世界。
pollution污染；factories工厂；company公司；idea想法。根据“She reminds people that...can change their community. They just have to speak up and take action!”可知，此处指的是让她的想法传到世界各地，故选D。
15．句意：她提醒人们，任何人都可以改变他们的社区。
someone有人；something一些事；anyone任何人；anything任何事。根据“It only takes one person to make huge changes in a community.”可知，任何人都可以改变他们的社区，故选C。
16．C 17．A 18．D 19．A 20．C 21．C 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．A
【导语】本文介绍了每个人都应该努力来保护我们的世界。
16．句意：这是难题的一个例子。
He他；It它；Here这；There那。此句是介绍某物，用Here is...句型。故选C。
17．句意：这是难题的一个例子。
problem难题；question问题；trouble麻烦；difficult困难的。根据“Everyone must know that the world is in danger.”可知此处是对前面的难题举例，要解决的问题用problem。故选A。
18．句意：其他的已经被现代人毁坏了。
some一些；others其他的；the other一定范围内另一些；the others一定范围内另一些人或物。根据“At one time there were 1300 different kinds of trees and flowers in Holland (荷兰), but now only 866 remains (继续存在).”可知此处指一定范围内另一些树和花。故选D。
19．句意：我们正在改变地球、空气和水，以及一切生长和生命的东西。
everything每件事；nothing没什么；something一些事；all things所有事。根据“... that grows and lives.”可知此处指一些东西，谓语动词是三单，因此用不定代词。故选A。
20．句意：也许更重要的是问“我们现在必须做什么？”
this这；that那；it它；one一个。此空为it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式。故选C。
21．句意：明天将生活在世界上的人是今天的年轻人。
a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。“the+形容词”表一类人。故选C。
22．句意：很多人都在帮助拯救我们的世界。
ourselves我们自己；our world我们的世界；our lives我们的生活；living things生物。根据“... must work to save our world.”可知此处指拯救我们的世界。故选B。
23．句意：现在许多国家有1500万年轻人在研究人类和他们周围的国家。
man人类；men男人，复数；a man一个男人；the men那男人。根据“Now fifteen million young people in many countries are studying ...”可知此处指研究人类，man不可数名词，表“人类”。故选A。
24．句意：他们种植树木，帮助保护野生鸟类和动物。
find找到；protect保护；catch抓住；keep保持。根据“They plant trees and help to ... wild birds and animals.”可知种树的目的是保护野生动物。故选B。
25．句意：但是每个人，不仅仅是年轻人，必须努力去拯救我们的世界。
not only不仅；except除了；also也；together with和。此处指插入语，表示“不仅仅是年轻人”。故选A。
26．B 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．B 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．D 36．B 37．C 38．A 39．D 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了瑞士对物品的回收，国家制定法律来保护环境以及大自然。
26．句意：瑞士是一个具有高山和清澈湖泊的国家。
without “没有”，介词；with “有”，介词；have“有”，动词；has 译为“有”，是have的第三人称单数形式。根据语境“It is a country…high mountains”，可知缺少介词with。故选B。
27．句意：瑞士是一个具有高山和清澈湖泊的国家。
blue蓝色的；red红色的；yellow黄色的；green绿色的。形容湖泊清澈，用蓝色来表达，blue符合题意。故选A。
28．句意：在瑞士，像玻璃，塑料，纸这些东西被分成不同的类别然后回收。
On在……上面；At在；To到；In在……里面。在某个国家，用介词in。故选D。
29．句意：在瑞士，像玻璃，塑料，纸这些东西被分成不同的类别然后回收。
likes喜欢，动词第三人称单数；liking喜欢，动词的现在分词形式；like喜欢，为动词；像，为介词；is like谓语。结合语境“things…glass, plastic and paper are …”可知，有谓语动词，缺少介词like。故选C。
30．句意：它收集了来自世界各地的旧衣服。
clothes衣服；trousers裤子；T-shirt T-恤，短袖汗衫；jeans牛仔裤。结合文中“I learnt about an organization for recycling clothes.”，可知应该是收集衣服。故选A。
31．句意：一些衣服给贫穷的人。
give动词原形；given过去分词；gives第三人称单数；giving现在分词。根据语境“some are…to the poor.”，可知clothes和give之间为被动关系。故选B。
32．句意：其他的衣服给工厂回收。
another三者以上的另一个；other其他的，后接名词复数；the others其他的人或物（范围内）；others其他的人或物。根据“Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are...to the poor, and...”可知，此处指其他的衣服。故选D。
33．句意：例如，我们不允许砍树。
cut down砍倒；cut off中断，停止；cut out剪切；cut from从……中剪切。根据“we are not allowed to cut…trees”，可知cut down符合语境。故选A。
34．句意：否则，我们会被惩罚。
therefor因此；however然而；otherwise否则；moreover此外。根据“we are not allowed to cut…trees…we will be punished.”，可知otherwise符合语境。故选C。
35．句意：我们将会被警察惩罚。
for为了；from从；up向上；by被。结合“be fined”，可知句子为被动语态，by the police“被警察……”。故选D。
36．句意：我们依赖于自然丰富的自然而生存。
carry on继续，坚持，举行； depend on依赖，依靠； keep on继续； turn on 打开。根据“ We…its rich resources to live”，可知此处指依赖大自然生存。故选B。
37．句意：所以对于我们来说明智地去保护它是非常重要的。
practice练习；pollute污染；protect保护；produce生产。根据“it is important for us …it wisely”，可知保护自然资源很重要。故选C。
38．句意：这些新型的能源花费很少并且从不会使用完。
run out用完，耗尽，主语通常是时间，金钱，食物等无生命的名词；run after追赶，追求；run away逃跑，离开；run out of 用完，用光，主语只能是人。根据“These new types of energy cost very little and will never …”，可知，是指新型能源不会被用完。故选A。
39．句意：另外，他们几乎不产生污染。
a few修饰可数名词，表示肯定意思，有几个； few修饰可数名词，表示否定意思，几乎没有； a little修饰不可数名词，表示肯定意思，有几个； little 修饰不可数名词，表示否定意思，几乎没有。文中pollution为不可数名词，新型能源阳光，风，水，几乎不产生污染。故选D。
40．句意：记住，每个人都可以做点对保护环境有影响的事情。
different不同的，形容词。difference差异性，名词；differences差异性，名词复数；differently不同地，副词。根据文中“make a …”可知，应该跟名词单数形式。故选B。
41．A 42．D 43．B 44．C 45．D 46．C 47．C 48．B 49．B 50．A 51．A 52．D 53．D 54．A 55．B
【导语】本文主要通过讲述塑料吸管对环境的危害，并列举了减少使用吸管的方法，呼吁人们共同努力，保护环境。
41．句意：你可能用它们来喝很多东西，比如豆浆，可乐或奶茶。
drink喝；eat吃；tie系；make使。根据“soybean milk (豆浆) , cola or milk tea”可知，这些液体的东西是用来喝的。故选A。
42．句意：塑料吸管很小，但它们是一个大问题。
so所以；and和；or或者；but但是。根据“Plastic straws are small … they are a big problem.”可知，“小吸管”和“大问题”之间构成转折。故选D。
43．句意：它们在10分钟内制成，在20分钟内使用，由于不易分解，通常在地球上保留100多年。
seconds秒；minutes分钟；hours小时；days天。根据常识和“They are made in 10 minute”可知，应该表示20分钟之内可以使用。故选B。
44．句意：它们在10分钟内制成，在20分钟内使用，由于不易分解，通常在地球上保留100多年。
cut down切断；written down写下；broken down分解；put down放下。根据“normally remain on the earth for over 100 years”可知，吸管不容易分解。故选C。
45．句意：但是塑料吸管是如何进入海洋的呢？
earth地球；air空气；water水；ocean海洋。根据下文“The waste management (管理) in some areas are so poor and remember, all gutters (排水沟) lead to our ocean.”可知，应该使用“海洋”。故选D。
46．句意：更糟糕的是，塑料吸管杀死了海洋生物。
For example举例子；Such as例如；Even worse更糟糕的是；For one thing一方面。根据上文和“plastic straws kill ocean life.”可知，表示递进关系。故选C。
47．句意：有一次，一只海龟被发现在流血，因为一根12厘米长的塑料吸管被塞进了它的鼻子。
camel骆驼；monkey猴子；turtle乌龟；giraffe长颈鹿。根据上文“lead to our ocean”可知，此处描写海洋中的动物。故选C。
48．句意：有一次，一只海龟被发现在流血，因为一根12厘米长的塑料吸管被塞进了它的鼻子。
their他们的；its它的；her她的；his他的。根据主语是动物，为第三人称单数。故选B。
49．句意：这足以绕着我们的星球旋转近两周半！
closely密切地；nearly几乎；specially特地；particularly特殊地。根据上文中的“around 500 million plastic straws”可知，这么多的吸管可以绕地球近两圈半。故选B。
50．句意：如果我们现在不采取行动，到2050年，海洋中的塑料将超过鱼类。
more更多；fewer更少；less更少；better更好。根据情境和“more than”意为“超过”可知，到2050年，海洋中的塑料将超过鱼类。故选A。
51．句意：他们开始思考饮用饮料时是否需要塑料吸管。
whether是否；if是否；why为什么；what什么。故选A。
52．句意：最简单的方法是对一次性使用的塑料（如吸管）说“不”。
hello喂；sorry对不起；yes是；no不。根据“or not”可知，应该使用“whether”。故选D。
53．句意：这些吸管可以反复使用、清洁和重复使用。
repaired修理；burned燃烧；picked挑选；cleaned清理。根据“These straws can be used… and reused over and over again.”可知，吸管反复使用、重复使用，应该清洗。故选D。
54．句意：咖啡连锁店星巴克已开始在上海和深圳近1000家门店提供不带吸管的盖子和纸吸管，而不是塑料吸管。
offer提供；afford负担得起；affect影响；instruct指导。根据“instead of plastic straws”可知，星巴克已开始提供不带吸管的盖子和纸吸管，而不是塑料吸管。故选A。
55．句意：麦当劳还采取行动减少塑料吸管的使用。
still仍然；also也；ever曾经；just刚刚。此处承接星巴克的行为，应该使用“也”。故选B。
56．B 57．A 58．D 59．D 60．C 61．C 62．A 63．B 64．D 65．C
【导语】本文讲述的是作者坚持捡拾垃圾的故事。作者发现树林里垃圾多，于是坚持捡拾，他认为自己只是为地球做了一点儿小贡献，但是他认为这很重要。
56．句意：我不记得我是什么时候开始收集垃圾的。
dropping落下；collecting收集；throwing扔；wasting浪费。根据“I decided to clean up the forest.”可知，作者决定开始拾垃圾，故选B。
57．句意：但是，当我厌倦了在我家附近看到垃圾，我意识到没有人会捡它。
nobody没有人；somebody某人；everybody每个人；anybody任何人。根据“But it was when I got tired of seeing litter near my home”可知，因为没人捡垃圾，所以家附近才会有很多垃圾，故选A。
58．句意：我走三分钟就能到那儿！
for持续一段时间；during在……期间；over超过；in在……中。根据“I live close to a forest in Ohio, America.”可知，我住在美国俄亥俄州的一个森林附近，所以三分钟就能走到，故选D。
59．句意：但是有一天有这么多的垃圾，我变得很不高兴。
hopeless绝望的；bored无聊的；tired劳累的；unhappy不开心的。根据“I wanted to feel happy going there again.”可知，我想再次快乐，所以现在不快乐，故选D。
60．句意：那天下午，我第一次去清理森林。
second第二的；next接下来的；first第一的；last最后的。根据“I decided to clean up the forest.”可知，作者决定开始拾垃圾，所以这是第一次，故选C。
61．句意：开始捡垃圾十分钟后，我的袋子就满了！
dirty脏的；broken破碎的；full满的；away离开。根据“It had cans, bottles, broken glass and newspapers in it.”可知，里面有罐头、瓶子、碎玻璃和报纸，所以袋子满了，故选C。
62．句意：自从三年前的第一次出行以来，我已经每年去森林四次捡垃圾了。
Since自从；For持续一段时间；On在……上；As随着，因为。根据“...the first trip three years ago, I’ve gone to the forest four times a year to pick up litter.”可知，此处是“since+一般过去时，现在完成时”结构，故选A。
63．句意：每次出行结束后，我都会翻一翻我找到的垃圾。
look for寻找；look through浏览；look after照顾；look out小心。根据“If any of it is recycled(可回收的), I will keep it.”可知，要先浏览拾到的垃圾，才会知道是否有可回收的，故选B。
64．句意：我不明白人们为什么乱扔垃圾。
that无实际含义；when何时；where哪里；why为什么。根据“I can’t understand...people drop litter.”可知，不明白人们为什么乱扔垃圾，故选D。
65．句意：但我会一直把它捡起来，直到人们停止扔垃圾。
when当……时；unless除非；until直到；after在……之后。根据“But I will keep picking it up...they stop dropping it.”可知，作者会坚持拾垃圾，直到人们停止扔垃圾。故选C。
66．C 67．A 68．D 69．B 70．B 71．A 72．D 73．C 74．A 75．C 76．B 77．A 78．B 79．D 80．C
【分析】本文是说明文，短文通过熊猫“希望”的故事，介绍了大熊猫在野外生存所面临的诸多严峻问题，就如何保护大熊猫提出了一些合理建议。
66．句意：当她出生时，体重只有100克，看起来像一只小白鼠。
weight重量； weigh称重；weighed动词过去式；weighs动词三单形式。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，主句was born是一般过去时，可知从句动词用过去式，故选C。
67．句意：当她4个月大的时候，她开始第一次出去散步。
outside在外面；inside在里面；up向上；down向下。由for a walk，可知是走出去；go outside符合语境，故选A。
68．句意：起初，希望不吃竹子，而是喝母乳。
herself她自己，反身代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词；she她，主格代词；her她，宾格代词/她的，形容词性物主代词。分析句子结构，名词mother需用形容词性物主代词修饰，故选D。
69．句意：当她20个月大的时候，她开始照顾自己。
take care当心；look after照顾；take up开始从事；look at看。根据题干“she began to ...herself”结合语境，可知ACD三项不合语境，这里是说她自己照顾自己，故选B。
70．句意：遗憾的是，目前只有大约1600只野生大熊猫，它们面临着严重的问题。
Luckily幸运地；Sadly悲伤地/让人遗憾；Lucky幸运的；Sad伤心的。空处在开头，修饰整个句子，需用副词；根据下文“they face serious problems”，可知这不是一件幸运的事情，故选B。
71．句意：例如，熊猫很难生育，许多熊猫宝宝在很小的时候就死了。
difficult困难的；easy容易的；different不同的；important重要的。根据上文“they face serious problems”，可知熊猫下崽很困难，故选A。
72．句意：例如，熊猫很难生育，许多熊猫宝宝在很小的时候就死了。
dying将死的；dead死的；dies死亡，动词三单形式；die死亡。分析句子结构，设空处作谓语需用动词；结合pandas是复数形式，可知用原形，故选D。
73．句意：此外，大熊猫主要以一种特殊的竹子为生，但竹林正变得越来越小。
with和；at在；on由……支撑；in在……里面。根据题干“giant pandas live mainly…a special kind of bamboo”，可知熊猫靠吃一种特殊的竹子生存；live on（动物）靠吃（某种食物）维持生命，故选C。
74．句意：因此，熊猫现在处于危险之中。
in danger处于危险之中；in need在困难中；in fear在恐惧中；in place置身于。根据上文提到熊猫赖以生存的竹林在减少，可知处境危险，故选A。
75．句意：我们应该做些什么来保护大熊猫。
raise提升；support支持；protect保护；prevent防止。should应该，用于提议；结合上下文可知是应该对大熊猫加以保护，故选C。
76．句意：科学家应该立即采取行动，帮助熊猫生更多的宝宝，帮助它们健康成长。
actions行为，action的复数；action行动；act行为；acting表演。take action采取行动，是固定短语，故选B。
77．句意：科学家应该立即采取行动，帮助熊猫生更多的宝宝，帮助它们健康成长。
grow up长大； grow in在……中长大；grow on逐渐为……所喜爱；grow from从……长出。根据上文“help pandas have more babies”，可知也帮助熊猫宝宝健康成长，故选A。
78．句意：政府应该建立更多的熊猫保护区，这样他们就有地方住，有食物吃。
houses房子；reserves保护区；forest森林；bamboo竹子。根据下文“so that they will have a place to live and food to eat”，可知是建议政府建立更多的熊猫保护区，故选B。
79．句意：此外，我们需要制定法律来保护大熊猫。
ideas想法；advice建议；ways方法；laws法律。根据下文“If someone hurt pandas, they will be punished”，可知建议通过立法保护大熊猫，故选D。
80．句意：我们相信，“希望”在哪里，哪里就有希望。
what什么；when何时；where何地；how怎样。根据题干“…there is Xi Wang, there is hope”结合语境，可知ABD三项不合语境，这里是双关语，表达“‘希望’在哪里，哪里就有希望”的意思，故选C。
81．C 82．A 83．D 84．A 85．D 86．B 87．B 88．D 89．B 90．D
【分析】作者通过饮水讲述水质的变化。以前小河清澈，河水干净，可以游泳、直接喝河里的水；现在因为污染，人们不敢直接食用河水。
81．句意：你曾经直接喝过来自河里的水吗？
already已经；just刚刚；ever曾经；never从来不；根据下文“I guess your answer is ‘No’. Perhaps you may have tried the water from a well or from a tap”可能试过来自井里或水龙头的水；可知此处是询问“曾经直接喝过河里的水吗”；故选C。
82．句意：然而据我所知，现在大多数我们只喝水壶里的水或从商店买的瓶装水。
However然而；Though虽然；Since自从；Yet还；上文“可能试过来自井里或水龙头的水”，但是现在只喝开水或瓶装水；上下文含有转折意义；故选A。
83．句意：但是许多年前情况相当不同。
same相同的；easy容易的；difficult困难的；different不同的；上文“现在人们不敢直接喝河里的水”说明现在河里的水是脏的；根据下文“At that time, all the small rivers around us were very clear and the water was very clean.”以前小河清澈，河水干净；可知，许多年前情况与现在不同；故选D。
84．句意：如果你口渴了，你就可以用手从河里取水直接喝。
thirsty口渴的；hungry饥饿的；tired疲劳的；sleepy困乏的；根据“…drink it directly”提示可知此处指“如果你口渴”；故选A。
85．句意：如果你渴了，你可以用手从河里取些水直接喝。
well井；lake湖；sea海；river河；上文“At that time, all the small rivers around us were very clear and the water was very clean”以前小河清澈，河水干净；可知，口渴了可以从河里取水喝；故选D。
86．句意：在夏天，天气很热的时候，你可以在河里游泳。
spring春天；summer夏天；autumn秋天；winter冬天；根据“when it was hot, you could swim in the river”天气热，可以在河里游泳；可知此处指“在夏天”；故选B。
87．句意：多舒服啊！
What什么；How怎样；Why为什么；When何时；此处是感叹句，排除不能作感叹句的引导词的选项C和D；感叹句式为“what+形容词+名词+主谓”或“How+形容词或副词+主谓”；comfortable是形容词；故选B。
88．句意：经过这么多年情况已经改变了。
turned旋转，原形；have turned旋转，现在完成时；changed改变，过去式；have changed改变，现在完成时；根据上文“However, all these were in the past”然而，所有这些都是过去的事了；可知，此处指“现在情况已经发生变化”，用动词change；根据时间状语“over these years”可知句子是现在完成时；故选D。
89．句意：由于污染严重，大部分河水变得很脏。
because因为，引导原因状语从句；because of由于，后跟名词或名词性短语；instead代替，副词；instead of代替，后接名词、代词或动名词；此处指“因为污染河水变脏”，表原因，排除C和D；“the large population”是名词短语；故选B。
90．句意：多么遗憾呀！
matter事情；fact事实；luck运气；pity遗憾；上文“由于污染严重，大部分河水变得很脏，甚至不能洗手”；根据下文“I wonder when I can taste the clear and safe river water again”可知此处是作者感到非常遗憾，再不能品尝干净安全的河水了；故选D。
91．A 92．A 93．C 94．A 95．B 96．C 97．D 98．D 99．A 100．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了塞罕坝的历史和现状，也介绍了科学家努力带来的环境变化。
91．句意：在蒙古语中，它的名字的意思是“美丽的高地”。
its它的；it’s它是；itself它自己；it它。修饰名词name用形容词性物主代词its。故选A。
92．句意：那里的天气一年四季都和春天一样好。
as nice as和……一样好；so nice as用于否定句中；as dry as和……一样干；so dry as用于否定句中。根据“that in spring all year round”可知是和春天的天气一样好，句子是肯定句，用as nice as。故选A。
93．句意：然而，在1860年，为了赚足够的钱，这块土地对所有人开放。
make制作，动词原形；making动名词；to make动词不定式；made制作，动词过去式。“make enough money”是“the land was open to all people”的目的，用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。
94．句意：在接下来的几年里，砍伐树木和野火迅速摧毁了森林和草原。
quickly迅速地，副词；quick快的，形容词；more quickly副词比较级；quicker形容词比较级。修饰动词destroyed用副词，且无比较之意，此处用副词原级。故选A。
95．句意：1961年，许多科学家穿越塞罕坝进行研究。
The number of……数目；A number of许多；A little一点；Little几乎没有。根据“scientists travelled through Saihanba”可知此处是许多科学家。故选B。
96．句意：当他们到达塞罕坝时，几乎找不到任何树木。
arrived到达；got in进入；reached到达；got得到。空后是宾语，此处用及物动词reached。故选C。
97．句意：从那时起，他们要求工人们不要停止工作，直到他们把塞罕坝变成一片新的国家森林。
not stop不停；didn’t stop没有停止，一般过去时；don’t stop没有停止，一般现在时；not to stop不停。ask sb. not to do sth.“让某人不要做某事”。故选D。
98．句意：当他们在那里种树时，遇到了无数的困难。
Since自从；After之后；Before之前；While与……同时。根据“they were planting trees there, they met countless difficulties”可知是当他们种树时，遇到了很多困难。故选D。
99．句意：它对北京的水和空气质量非常重要，因为它可以改善环境。
for给；of属于……的；in在里面；with具有。be important for...“对于……很重要”。故选A。
100．句意：2022年，北京的沙尘暴是多年来最少的。
the least定冠词加最高级，修饰不可数名词；the fewest定冠词加最高级，修饰可数名词；least最少的，修饰不可数名词；fewest最少的，修饰可数名词。sandstorms是可数名词复数，排除CD；最高级前加定冠词the。故选B。