人教新课标高考英语一轮复习必修1 Unit 1 Friendship

Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．ignore /Iɡ′n / vt.不理睬；忽视
2．calm /kɑ m/ adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的；vt.& vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定
3．series /′sI ri z/ n．连续；系列
4．outdoors / a t′d z/ adv.在户外；在野外
5．partner /′pɑ tn / n．伙伴；合作者，合伙人
6．upset / p′set/ adj.心烦意乱的；不适的；不安的；vt.使不安；使心烦；弄翻；打翻
7．dislike /dIs′laIk/ n．& vt.不喜欢，厌恶
8．grateful /′greItfl/ adj.感激的；表示谢意的
9．concern /k n′s n/ vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到；n.担心；关注；(利害)关系→concerned adj.担心的；忧虑的
10．entire /In′taI / adj.整个的；完全的；全部的→entirely adv.完全地；全然地；整个地
11．settle /′setl/ v．定居，安家；停留；解决；安排→settlement_n．定居点；解决
12．suffer /′s f / v．遭受；忍受；经历→suffering n．折磨；苦难
13．disagree / dIs ′ɡri / vi.不同意→agree v．(反义词)同意→agreement n．同意；协议
14．exact /Iɡ′z kt/ adj.精确的；准确的；严谨的→exactly adv.确实如此，正是；确切地
15．power /′pa / n．能力；权力→powerful adj.强大的
16．recover /rI′k v / vt.& vi.痊愈；重新获得→recovery n．康复；找回
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．add_up合计
2．calm_(...)_down(使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来
3．be_concerned_about关心；挂念
4．go_through经历；经受
5．set_down放下；记下；登记
6．a_series_of一连串的；一系列；一套
7．on_purpose故意
8．in_order_to为了……
9．at_dusk 在黄昏时刻
10．face_to_face面对面地
11．suffer_from 遭受；患病
12．get/be_tired_of对……厌烦
13．pack_(sth.)_up将(东西)装箱打包
14．get_along_with与……相处；进展
15．fall_in_love相爱；爱上
16．join_in参加；加入
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．While_walking_the_dog，you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.
遛狗时你不小心把狗松开了，狗被汽车撞了。
2．You will tell him/her that he/she should_have_studied，so you don’t let him/her look at your paper.
你将告诉他/她说他/她过去本该学习，因此你不许他/她看你的卷子。
3．I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that_I’ve_
grown_so_crazy_about everything to do with nature.
我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
4．...it was the first time in a year and a half that_I’d_seen the night face to face...
……这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……
5．It’s_no_pleasure_looking_through_these_any_longer_ because nature is one thing that really
must be experienced.
透过(窗帘)观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。
1．The big earthquake that happened in Yushu destroyed the town of Yushu entirely(entire)．
2．Our parents are concerned about our health and future.As far as I’m concerned，we should talk
with them.(concern)
3．Never before has our country been so powerful(power) as it is today.
4．He stood up suddenly，upsetting(upset) a cup of tea.
5．The doctor had given her up but she made an excellent recovery(recover)．
6．Some people say that man is naturally a hunter.I express disagreement(disagree) with this view.
7．This race，which went on for exactly(exact) four months，was the last of its kind.
8．European settlement(settle) began in 1840 when the British arrived.
1 ignore v.不理睬；忽视；不顾
ignorance n.无知；愚昧；不知道
out of/through ignorance出于无知
ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的；不知道的
be ignorant of不知道……
What’s worse，they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake，totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby.
更糟的是，他们随地吐痰，甚至把垃圾扔到湖里，完全忽视了附近“禁止扔垃圾”的警告牌。 (2012·福建·书面表达)
夯实基础
用ignore的适当形式填空
(1)They fought a long battle against prejudice and ignorance.
(2)People don’t like to ask questions for fear of appearing ignorant.
2 calm adj.镇静的，沉着的(not excited，upset，etc.)；风平浪静的；无风的；v.(使)平静，(使)
镇静
calm sb.down使某人平静下来
keep/be/stay calm保持镇静
calm down平静 镇静 下来
He remained calm in facing the danger.
面对危险，他保持镇静。
Joe Biden，US Vice President，arrives in Beijing on Tuesday on a visit that will focus on calming regional tensions.
美国副总统乔·拜登在周二抵达北京，他此行的目的是缓和(亚太)地区的紧张态势。
词义辨析　calm，quiet，silent，still
(1)calm平静的，沉着的，指无风浪或人的心情不激动。
(2)quiet宁静的；安静的，指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑。
(3)silent寂静的；沉默的，指不说话或没有声音。
(4)still静止的；不动的，指(人体等)无运动的。
夯实基础
用calm，quiet，silent，still的适当形式填空
(1)Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened.
(2)He spoke no English and was completely silent during the visit.
(3)Children find it difficult to sit still for very long.
(4)The airlines have invested enormous sums in new，quieter aircraft.
3 concern v.影响 affect ；涉及 involve ，与……有关 be connected with ；让 某人 担忧 be
worried about ；n.担心，忧虑；关心
concerned adj.担心的；忧虑的；感兴趣的
as far as sb.be concerned就某人而言
be concerned about/for concern oneself about/for 对……担心/关心
be concerned with sb./sth. concern oneself with sb./sth. 与……有关
concerning prep.关于
It is love and concern that have brought about the great changes.
是爱和关心带来了这巨大的变化。(2011·福建·书面表达)
Instead，it is a major issue of right and wrong that concerns aggression versus anti aggression，justice versus evil，and light versus darkness.
相反，它是关乎侵略与反侵略、正义与邪恶、光明与黑暗的大是大非问题。
夯实基础
用concern的适当形式填空
(1)For more information concerning the club contact I．Coldwell.
(2)I just spoke with a very concerned mother.
(3)Government officials remain concerned about the fragility(脆弱) of the financial sector.
4 power n.能力；力量；权力；动力
come to/into power掌权；上台
in one’s power在某人的掌控中
do all in one’s power尽力而为
She is said to have the power of foreseeing the future.
据说她有预测未来的能力。
She interviewed six women who have reached positions of great power and influence.
她采访了6名身居高位，并且颇具影响力的女士。
词义辨析　energy，power，force，strength
(1)energy指物理上的“能量”，也指人生理上的“精力”，也可指“能源”。
(2)power多指比喻性的力气、精神力量，如“权力；本领”。
(3)force意为“力量”，侧重于外力，指“力”所产生的效果，也可指军事力量或强迫
(暴)力。
(4)strength指固有的潜在力量。指人时，着重指力气；就物而言，着重指强度、潜力等。
夯实基础
(1)用energy，power，force，strength填空
①I have hardly enough strength left to move my feet.
②Each year Americans consume a high percentage of the world’s energy.
③If you drop something，the force of gravity will pull it to the floor.
④Some animals have the power to see in the dark.
⑤The general has the power to order forces，but his energy is limited and he doesn’t have
the strength to stay up.
(2)同义句改写
He told her that he would do everything in his power to prove that he was the man for her.
⑥He told her that he would do what he could to prove that he was the man for her.(改为含有
what从句的复合句)
⑦He told her that he would do_his_best to prove that he was the man for her.(用do one’s
best改写句子)
5 suffer v. 因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等 受苦，受难，受折磨 to be badly affected ；遭受，经受
experience ；得……病
suffer pain/defeat/hardship 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难
suffer from受……折磨；患……病
suffering n.痛苦；苦恼；让人痛苦的事
On the other hand，they also suffer from less respect and lower pay，working all day on the s
treet whether it shines strongly or snows，winds heavily.
另一方面，他们不受尊重，报酬很低，整天在马路上劳作，不管烈日炎炎还是狂风暴雪。
(2013· 广东·读写任务)
This act hurt the people of all countries that once suffered from Japanese aggression and
colonial rule.
这种行为是对曾经遭受日本侵略和殖民统治的各国人民感情的伤害。
特别提醒
suffer和suffer from一般不用于被动语态。
夯实基础
用suffer的适当形式填空
(1)After the flooding，people were_suffering in that area，who urgently needed clean water，
medicine and shelter to survive.
(2)Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins，the city took
on a new look.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．—What’s the matter with her
—She is really ________ over not finding a job.
A．upset B．embarrassed
C．interrupted D．relieved
答案　A
解析　句意为：——她怎么了？——她为没找到工作而心烦意乱。be upset over为……烦恼，符合句意。
2．—Tom is always saying I’m ugly，Mom.
—Just ________ him.You are the most beautiful in my eyes.
A．ignore B．leave
C．refuse D．miss
答案　A
解析　句意为：——妈妈，汤姆总是说我很丑。——别管他。在我眼里你是最美的。Ignore
忽视，不管，符合题意。
3．Do keep ________ in an emergency，or things will get even worse.
A．calm B．still
C．quiet D．silent
答案　A
解析　句意为：在遇到紧急情况时一定要保持镇定，否则情况会更糟。keep calm保持
镇定。
4．______ about the farm workers，Premier Wen visited them again at the beginning of 2012.
A．Concerning B．Concerned
C．To be concerned D．Concern
答案　B
解析　(be) concerned about对……担心、忧虑；此处用concerned about...短语作状语。
5．It always takes the class a while to ________ at the start of the class.
A．settle on B．settle in
C．settle down D．sett le up
答案　C
解析　考查settle构成的动词词组词义辨析。settle down表示“定居，平静下来，专心于”。
句意为：在开始上课前，同学们总是需要一段时间才能安静下来。
6．Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply in the morning but ________ slightly in the afternoon.
A．recovered B．restored
C．regained D．retained
答案　A
解析　句意为：股市的股价上午暴跌，下午又略有回升。recover恢复，复苏，符合句意。
restore和regain都表示“恢复”，但都是及物动词；retain保留；保持。
7．—I really admire the people full of________.I’m always tired.
—You’d better take more exercise.
A．power B．strength
C．force D．energy
答案　D
解析　上句句意为：我很羡慕那些充满活力的人，我总是很累。full of energy充满活力，
符合句意。power权力，能力，电力；strength体力；force武力。
8．—You all like your English teacher
—Yeah, she devotes herself________to teaching and it earns her a good reputation.
A．originally B．extremely
C．obviously D．entirely
答案　D
解析　副词词义辨析。答语句意为：是的，她把一生都献给了教育，这为她赢得了好名声。
entirely 全部地，完全地；originally 起初地，原来地；extremely极端地；obviously显然地。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏。(suffer) (2013·江苏·书面表达)
Our_earth_is_suffering_severe_damage.
2．在我的细心照料下，母亲很快就康复了。(recover) (2013·北京·情景作文)
With_my_special_care，my_mother_recovered_quickly.
3．另一方面，那只黑色铅笔却保持平静。(calm) (2012·北京·开放作文)
The_black_pencil，on_the_other_hand，remains_calm.
4．就我而言，骑自行车是一个好的解决办法。(concern) (2011·江西·写作)
As_far_as_I’m_concerned，riding_bicycles_is_a_good_solution.
1．I’ve always found him a bit difficult to get_along_with.
2．I fell_in_love_with him the first time I saw the young man.
3．He’s amazingly cheerful considering all he’s had to go_through.
4．If you want to know the total，you’d better add_up the numbers.
5．I am going to have an interview with your manager.I mean that I’m going to interview him
face_to_face.
1 add up合计，加起来；合情理
add up to加起来达到，总计为；意味着，结果是
add to增添
add...to...把……加到……里
The heavy rain added to the difficulty in rescuing the buried people.
大雨增加了营救被掩埋群众的困难。
“China’s space program will not stop at the moon，” added Sun Huixian，a senior Chinese space official. “Our target is deep space.”
一位中国资深太空官员孙辉先补充说，“中国的太空项目不会止步于月球，中国的目标是外太空。”
图解助记
夯实基础
(1)用add短语的适当形式填空
①I don’t think these facts add_up_to anything.
②Well，I could be wrong，but it all seems to add_up.
③The letter added_to tensions between western and eastern EU members.
(2)翻译句子
你想在咖啡里加些牛奶吗？
Would_you_like_to_add_some_milk_to_your_coffee
2 go through经历，经受 experience ；仔细查看 go over ； 法律等 通过；用完 use up ；浏
览 look through
get through通过；接通电话；用完
look through浏览；往……里面看
break through冲破；突破
see through看穿；识破
pull through康复；渡过难关
North Korea most resembles Stalin’s Russia or Mao’s China going through the horrors of the cultural revolution.
朝鲜就像是斯大林领导下的苏联或者毛泽东领导下的文化大革命时期的中国。
She was able to get through to me by e mail.
她通过电子邮件能和我联系上。
夯实基础
用through的相关短语填空
(1)They will never forget the experience they went_through last year.
(2)Everyone was very concerned whether he would pull_through or not.
(3)We finally broke_through the unfriendly atmosphere.
3 set down放下 put down ；记下 write down ；登记；让……下车
set aside留出；置于一边
set off动身；引爆；引起
set about doing sth.着手 做 ……
set out to do... 开始；着手 做 ……
set up竖立；建立；张贴
set an example树立榜样
be set in以……为背景
I wonder if the school could place more dustbins around and set up specific rules against such
behaviour.
我想知道学校是否能在周围多设几个垃圾箱并制订特别的规则反对这种行为。
(2011·浙江·书面表达)
She has set a good example for us.
她为我们树立了一个好榜样。(2010·浙江·书面表达)
夯实基础
用set短语的适当形式填空
(1)His joke set the audience off laughing.
(2)Some doctors advise setting_aside a certain hour each day for exercise.
(3)Passengers may be set_down and picked up only at the official stops.
4 get along with和……相处；进展
get about/round传播；流传；四处走动
get across讲清楚；被领会
get down to开始认真做
get over克服；控制；恢复过来
Besides，I’m easy to get along with and I like to make friends.
而且，我容易相处，也喜欢交朋友。(2011·辽宁·书面表达)
夯实基础
用get短语的适当形式填空
(1)News soon got_around that he had resigned.
(2)No matter how I explain，I just can’t get_it across to her.
(3)They got_over many difficulties in their English study.
(4)How are you getting_along_with your new roommates
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．The money he spent within a month ________ more than 1,000 dollars.
A．added B．added to
C．added up to D．was added to
答案　C
解析　add up to加起来达到，符合句意。
2．It’s the love and responsibility that have driven him to ________ many hardships and survive.
A．go into B．go through
C．look through D．look into
答案　B
解析　句意为：是爱和责任促使他经历许多困苦之后存活了下来。go through经历，符合
句意。
3．The police asked him to ________ what he had seen in a report.
A．look for B．take in
C．give up D．set down
答案　D
解析　句意为：警察要求他把看到的事情写在报告里。set down写下，记下，符合
句意。
4．All these gifts must be mailed immediately ________ in time for Christmas.
A．in order to have received
B．in order to receive
C．so as to be received
D．so as to be receiving
答案　C
解析　主语和receive之间为被动关系，故只有C为正确答案。
Ⅱ.汉译英
为了鼓励学生进行户外锻炼，我们学校在4月10号组织了爬山活动。(in order to)
(2013·江西·书面表达)
In_order_to_encourage_the_students_to_take_outdoor_exercise，our_school_organized_a_
mountain climbing_on_April_10.
1．Having_suffered_from_heart_trouble(患心脏病) for years，he has to take medicine with him
wherever he goes.
2．While_(he_was)_working(工作的时候)，he stopped to talk with me at times.
3．The fire lasted about four hours before_the_firefighters_could_control_it(消防队员才把它控
制住)．
4．It_was_the_third_time(这是第三次) that she had come to this mountain village to see the
children.
5．What_is_it_that(是什么) you are going to do tonight
1 I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
1 强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分 若被强调的是人，可用that或who；若被强调的部分是其他时，一律用that 。另外要注意：原句的谓语动词不能被强调。
2 强调句的一般疑问句结构为：Is/Was it ＋被强调部分＋that/who...？
3 强调句的特殊疑问句结构为：疑问词＋is/was it＋that...？
4 对not...until...句型中的时间状语 从句 进行强调时的结构为：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分。
In a word，it is polite words that will make your life become convenient.
总之，礼貌用语会使你的生活更方便。(2010·江西·书面表达)
It was not until the area was seriously polluted that they realized that it was high time to take
action to stop pollution.
直到这个地方被严重污染了他们才认识到该采取行动阻止污染了。
夯实基础
用强调句型强调句中的划线部分
I met him in_the_countryside last_year.
(1)It_was_I_that/who_met_him_in_the_countryside_last_year.(强调主语)
(2)It_was_him_that/who_I_met_in_the_countryside_last_year.(强调宾语)
(3)It_was_in_the_countryside_that_I_met_him_last_year.(强调地点状语)
(4)It_was_last_year_that_I_met_him_in_the_countryside.(强调时间状语)
2 I’m sorry you are having trouble in making friends.很遗憾你在交友方面出现了问题。
have difficulty/trouble in doing...做……有困难 麻烦
have difficulty/trouble with sth.……有困难 麻烦
There is some/no difficulty/trouble in doing sth.做……时有一些/没有困难
do sth.with/without difficulty/trouble做……有/没有困难
take trouble to do...费力做……
take the trouble to do sth.不怕费事/不辞辛劳地做某事
I have some trouble with the work.
我做这项工作有些困难。
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
I had no trouble finding your home.
①I_found_your_home_without_trouble.(用without短语改写句子)
②There_was_no_trouble_in_finding_your_home.(用there be句型改写句子)
(2)翻译句子
你能想象出解决这个问题时我遇到的困难吗？
Can_you_imagine_the_trouble_I_had_(in)_settling_the_problem
把下列直接引语变为间接引语
(1)He said，“I’m going to Beijing.”
→He said that he was going to Beijing.
(2)He asked，“Are you a teacher？”
→He asked me if/whether I was a teacher.
(3)The geography teacher said，“The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”
→The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
(4)She says，“I’ll never forget the days in the country.”
→She says that she’ll_never_forget the days in the country.
(5)He said to me，“What’s your name？”
→He asked me what_my_name_was.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Why！I have nothing to confess.________you want me to say
A．What is it that B．What it is that
C．How is it that D．How it is that
答案　A
解析　句意为：哎呀！我没有什么可坦白的，你到底想让我说什么啊？根据选项和句意，
要求用强调句式的疑问形式表达，由于say后少了宾语，所以答案是A项。
2．You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ________ home in the snowstorm.
A．walked B．walk
C．to walk D．walking
答案　D
解析　题中含有一个固定短语，即：have difficulty (in) doing...做某事有困难。
3．The photograph will show you ________.
A．what does our village look like
B．what our village looks like
C．how does our village look like
D．how our village looks like
答案　B
解析　宾语从句用陈述语序，且look like后接宾语，因此只有B项正确。
Ⅱ.汉译英
是小组合作而不是靠我自己使我摆脱了烦恼并使我的工作更有成效。(强调句)
(2011·湖北·短文写作)
It is working in teams instead of on my own that has freed me of trouble and made my work more efficient.
1．Traditionally，college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before
they________on their life journey. (2013·安徽，26)
A．give up B．settle down
C．get through D．set off
答案　D
解析　考查动词短语辨析。句意为：依照惯例，大学生在踏上人生之旅前，要举办毕业典礼来自我激励。give up放弃；settle down定居，专心于；get through通过，到达；set off 出发，动身。
2．Team leaders must ensure that all members ________ their natural desire to avoid the
embarrassment associated with making mistakes. (2013·江苏，29)
A．get over B．look over
C．take over D．come over
答案　A　
解析　考查动词短语辨析。句意为：团队领导者必须确保所有成员克服他们内心的渴望
——想要避免犯错所带来的尴尬。get over克服，恢复；look over检查，查看；take over
接管，接收；come over过来，顺便来访。
3．In much of the animal world，night is the time________for sleep—pure and simple.
(2013·湖北，26)
A．set aside B．set down
C．set off D．set up
答案　A
解析　句意为：在大部分的动物世界里，夜晚完全是被留出用来睡觉的时间。A项意为“留出，把……放一边”；B项意为“记下；放下；使下车”；C项意为“出发；引起”；D项意为“建立；安排”。故选A项。
4．Film has a much shorter history, especially when________such art forms as music and
painting. (2012·新课标全国Ⅰ，32)
A．having compared to
B．comparing to
C．compare to
D．compared to
答案　D
解析　句子的主语是film，它和compare之间是被动关系，所以要用被动形式。因此只能
选D项。“when compared to...”相当于when引导的状语从句的省略，补全后为：when it is compared to...。句意为：电影的历史短得多，尤其是它与诸如音乐、绘画等艺术形式相比较时。
5．When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble________the right things to say.
(2012·上海，33)
A．thinking of B．to think of
C．thought of D．think of
答案　A
解析　本题考查固定搭配have trouble (in) doing sth.。
6．The police officers in our city work hard________the rest of us can live a safe life.
(2011·上海，37)
A．in case B．as if
C．in order that D．only if
答案　C
解析　考查状语从句。句意为：为了我们能过上安全的生活，我们城市的警察工作很努力。
in case以免，(以防)万一；as if好像；in order that为了；only if只有。由句意可知选C项。
7．We’d better discuss everything ________ before we work out the plan.(2011·江苏，32)
A．in detail B．in general
C．on purpose D．on time
答案　A
解析　句意为：在制订计划之前我们最好详细地讨论一下各方面的事情。in detail详细地，详实地；in general通常，大体上，从总体上看；on purpose故意地；on time按时。只有“详细”讨论才能制订计划，故选A项。Book 1　Unit 2　English around the world