人教新课标高考英语一轮复习必修1 Unit 3 Travel journal

Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．transport /′tr nsp t/ n．& vt.运送，运输
2．persuade /p ′sweId/ vt.说服，劝说
3．schedule /′ edju l；′sked l/ n．时间表；进度表；vt.为某事安排时间
4．finally /′faIn lI/ adv.最后；终于
5．fond /f nd/ adj.喜爱的；慈爱的；宠爱的
6．shortcoming /′ t k mI / n．缺点
7．stubborn /′st b n/ adj.顽固的；固执的
8．journey /′d nI/ n．旅行；旅程
9．attitude /′ tItju d/ n．态度；看法
10．forecast /′f kɑ st/ n．& vt.预测；预报
11．insurance /In′ r ns/ n．保险
12．beneath /bI′ni θ/ prep.在……下面
13．prefer /prI′f / vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)→preference n．偏爱；爱好
14．disadvantage / dIs d′vɑ ntId / n．不利条件；不便之处→advantage (反义词)有利条件；优势
15．graduate /′ɡr d eIt/ vi.毕业；/′ɡr d t/ n．大学毕业生→graduation n．毕业；毕业典礼
16．organize /′ ɡ naIz/ vt.组织；成立→organizer n．组织者→organization n．组织→organized adj.有组织的
17．determine /dI′t mIn/ vt.决定；确定；下定决心→determined adj.坚决的；有决心的→determination n．决心
18．reliable /rI′laI b l/ adj.可信赖的；可靠的→rely vi.依靠；依赖
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．ever_since 从那以后
2．dream_about梦想
3．persuade_sb._to_do_sth.说服某人做某事
4．graduate_from_college大学毕业
5．be_fond_of喜欢，喜爱
6．care_about关心；忧虑；惦念
7．change_one’s_mind改变主意
8．make_up_one’s_mind下决心，决定
9．give_in屈服，让步；投降
10．as_usual照常
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．Ever since middle school，my sister Wang Wei and I have_dreamed_about taking a great bike trip.
从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车旅行。
2．Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places，she insisted that_she_organize the trip properly.
虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。
3．When I told her the_air_would_be_hard_to_breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.
当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会很困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
4．Once_she_has_made_up_her_mind，nothing can change it.
一旦下了决心，什么也不能改变她。
5．A determined person always tries to finish the job，no_matter_how_hard_it_is.
一个意志坚定的人总是努力完成工作，不管它多困难。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．Mr.Smith，who is a very organized person，works as the president of a large international organization.(organize)
2．Li Hua is a young man with great determination(determine)．
3．My brother graduated from Beijing University in 2008.I still remember the day when we went to his graduation.(graduate)
4．If a person always behaves improperly(proper)，he will find it hard to realize his dream.
5．We are looking for someone who is reliable(rely) and hardworking.
6．A teacher should not show preference(prefer) for any one of his pupils.
7．After the flood，many things have been transported(transportation) to the flooded area.
8．His poor eyesight was a disadvantage(advantage) to him.
1 prefer v．更喜欢； 选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)
prefer to do/doing sth.更喜欢做……
prefer sb.to do...喜欢让某人做……
prefer doing...to doing... ＝prefer to do...rather than do... 和……相比更喜欢做……
have a preference to优先考虑……
I prefer red wine to white.
我喜欢红葡萄酒，不太喜欢白的。
After all，all kids prefer to be praised rather than be scolded.
毕竟，所有的孩子都喜欢表扬而不是批评。(2010·广东·读写任务)
夯实基础
同义句改写
She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.
(1)She_preferred_going_with_us_to_staying_behind.(用prefer doing...to doing...改写句子)
(2)She_would_rather_go_with_us_than_stay_behind.(用would rather do...than do...改写句子)
(3)She_would_go_with_us_rather_than_stay_behind.(用would do...rather than do...改写句子)
2 persuade vt.说服；使信服；使相信
persuade sb.to do...＝persuade sb.into doing...说服某人做……
persuade sb.not to do...＝persuade sb.out of doing...说服某人不做……
persuade sb.of sth./that...使某人相信某事
Finally she persuaded him into going to the hospital.
她最终说服他去了医院。
We finally persuaded Ben of the wisdom of the decision.
我们最终使本相信这个决定是明智的。
特别提醒
表示“试图说服某人做某事”的其他表达形式：try to persuade sb.to do...；advise sb.to do...。
夯实基础
同义句改写
Tom persuaded his father not to smoke at last.(用persuade sb.out of doing...改写句子)
Tom_persuaded_his_father_out_of_smoking_at_last.
3 schedule n.时间表；进度表；vt.为某事安排时间
on schedule准时,ahead of schedule提前
behind schedule晚点；落后于预定计划
be scheduled for/to do...安排某事/做某事
We failed to finish the planned work on schedule due to the bad weather.
因为糟糕的天气，我们未能如期完成计划好的工作。
夯实基础
(1)用schedule的适当形式填空
①The children must have got lost in the woods；otherwise，they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
②The president is scheduled to inspect the school this Friday.
(2)翻译句子
你明天的日程安排如何？
What’s_your_schedule_for_tomorrow
4 determine v.决定 decide ；下定决心；查明 discover ；测定；支配 control ；影响
determine to do...决定做…… 表示动作
determine on/upon 决定
determine sb.to do...使某人决定做……
be determined to do...决心做某事 表示状态
with determination坚决地；果断地
He determined to go at once.
他决定立刻就走。
She is determined to do it regardless of all consequences.
她不顾一切后果，决心这样做。
夯实基础
同义句改写
We determined on an early start.(用不定式改写句子)
We_determined_to_start_early.
5 view n. 个人的 看法 opinion ，意见；观看；看；视野； 从某处看到的 景色，风景；v.把……视为；把……看作；看；考虑
point of view观点，看法
in/out of view在视线范围内/外
in one’s view＝in the view of sb.依照某人的观点\
in view of鉴于，考虑到
\come into view出现在眼前
We’d like to find out young people’s views on religion.我们想了解年轻人对宗教的看法。
Jang Song Thaek had long been viewed as the most experienced，cosmopolitan member of the elite.
张成泽长期被视为(朝鲜)精英阶层中经验最丰富、最具世界眼光的成员。
词义辨析　view，scene，scenery，sight
(1)view多指从固定的某个地方如门口、窗口等向外看，可能是人或物活动的场面，不一定表示风景；还可表示“观点，看法”。
(2)scene通常指局部的、具体的、包括人或物活动的“风景，景致”，还表示戏剧、电影中的“一场，场景”以及现实生活中的“情景”，scene还可表示“事发现场”。
(3)scenery风景的总称，没有复数形式，指某一地区的自然风貌或乡村的天然景色等。
(4)sight为see的名词形式，其含义多与“看见”有关，表示“目光，视力，视野，景物，景象”等。
夯实基础
用view，scene，scenery，sight填空
(1)The boats in the harbor made a beautiful scene.
(2)She had a wonderful view from her hotel window.
(3)The flowers are a lovely sight in spring.
(4)When we came to the lake，we stopped to admire the scenery.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．He prefers ________ indoors ________ out this afternoon.
A．to stay；to go B．staying；to going
C．staying；to go D．to stay；to going
答案　B
解析　考查固定结构prefer doing...to doing...。
2．Mr.Green has never smoked any more since his wife ________ him to give it up.
A．wanted B．persuaded
C．advised D．suggested
答案　B
解析　根据前半句Mr.Green has never smoked any more可知，格林先生已被成功说服戒了烟。故答案为B项。
3．I’d love to join in your visit to a local museum today，but I’m on a very tight ________ —I’ve got a lot of work to do today.
A．schedule B．relief
C．budget D．concern
答案　A
解析　tight schedule日程紧，时间紧，符合句意。
4．Mr.Wang，________ to experience different cultures，set off for Africa last week.
A．to determine B．determining
C．determined D．being determined
答案　C
解析　句意为：下决心去体验不同文化的王先生上周已经启程去了非洲。be determined to do sth.意为“下决心做某事”；此处用过去分词短语作定语，修饰主语Mr.Wang。
5．On the top of this mountain，you can get a wonderful ________ of the nearby hills.
A．view B．sight C．look D．sign
答案　A
解析　get a view of为固定搭配，意为“看到……的景色”。
6．So far, I haven’t adapted to the fast________of the life in Toronto.
A．step B．style
C．pace D．manner
答案　C
解析　考查名词辨析。step 步伐；style 风格；pace步调，节奏；manner习惯，方式。句意为：到目前为止，我还没有适应多伦多快节奏的生活。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．我们的未来由许多事情决定，如机会、他人的帮助等，这是毫无疑问的。(determine)
(2012·浙江·书面表达)
It’s_true_that_our_future_is_determined_by_many_things，such_as_opportunities_and_
help_from_others.
2．我完全同意这种观点。(view) (2012·浙江·书面表达)
I_can’t_agree_more_with_this_view.
3．流利的汉语是首选。 (prefer)(2010·辽宁·书面表达)
Fluency_in_Chinese_is_preferred.
4．我在网上寻找火车时刻表。(schedule) (2010·北京·情景作文)
I_searched_the_Internet_for_the_train_schedule.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．For the sake of his health，finally he changed_his_mind about going on smoking.
2．He had to give_in to her strong determination.
3．They made_up_their_minds to buy a new house once they got married.
4．As_usual，there are quite a few old people in the parks on Sunday.
5．We can put_up ten people for the night.
1 care about关心 worry about ；惦念；在乎，在意 mind ；介意；忧虑
care for喜欢；照顾
take care小心；注意
take care of照顾
ith care小心地
I don’t care...我不介意……
At first，I did most of the duties myself while other students cared little about class activities.
起先大多数的班级事务都是我自己做的，而其他同学很少关心班级活动。
(2011·湖北·短文写作)
夯实基础
用care about，care for的适当形式填空
(1)I don’t care_about your opinion.
(2)The mother cared_for the sick child day and night.
2 make up one’s mind下决心；决定 decide；determine
change one’s mind改变主意
read one’s mind看出某人的心思
keep/bear...in mind把……记住
never mind不要紧；没关系
fix one’s mind on/upon把注意力集中于……
Have you made up your minds what to do yet
你们已经拿定主意做什么了吗？
Isn’t it a pleasure to have great calm in mind while you are reading
阅读时保持内心的平静不是一种乐趣吗？(2012·江西·书面表达)
特别提醒
make up one’s mind中的名词mind有数的变化，根据one’s的单复数来确定mind的单复数。
夯实基础
选词填空　
(1)I can read your mind and I know your story.
(2)Whether you accept or not，I will continue to love you；nothing can change my mind.
(3)You just have to keep in mind that a setback is only temporary and greater things lie ahead.
3 give in投降 admit to being defeated ；屈服；让步；呈送
give in to对……屈服
give up放弃
give off放出；排出,
give out用完；分发；公布；精疲力竭
give away赠送；泄漏；表露
give way to给……让路
I gave in to temptation and had a cigarette.
我抵制不住诱惑，吸了一支烟。
Someone in the group gave him away to the police.
团伙中有人向警察告发了他。
图解助记
夯实基础
用give短语的适当形式填空
(1)He gave_away most of his money to charity.
(2)The car stopped when the petrol gave_out.
(3)She gave_in_to social pressure and quit smoking.
(4)He gave_up his seat to an old lady on the bus.
4 put up建造，搭建；举起；留宿；提高；张贴；提出 意见等
put back放回原处；耽搁
put down放下；写下，记下；镇压
put up with忍受，忍耐
put on穿上；上演
put through接通 电话
In Picture 1，a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps，but in vain.
在第一幅画中，一个男子试图把一面横幅标语挂在一棵被树桩包围的树上，但没有成功。
(2013·江苏·书面表达)
Tall buildings have been put up，including classrooms and laboratory buildings，and a library.
包括教室、实验楼和图书馆在内的许多大楼已经建起来了。 (2011·福建·书面表达)
夯实基础
写出下列句子中put up短语的汉语意思
(1)She put up a notice about the school trip to Italy.张贴
(2)Several of the banks have decided to put up their interest rates.提高
(3)I was soaked before I could put my umbrella up.举起
(4)Would you be able to put me up for the night when I come to London？留宿
(5)It was Clare who first put up the idea of a concert to raise money for the school.提出
(6)John was in the garden putting a fence up.建造，搭建
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．After the earthquake，the injured were cared ________ in the local hospitals or taken by air to the hospitals in the neighboring cities.
A．of B．for C．after D．about
答案　B
解析　本题考查不及物动词care与介词的搭配。care for照顾，符合题意。care about关心，在乎。
2．Though they met with much difficulty，the team ________ to go on with the experiment.
A．changed their minds
B．made up their minds
C．took their minds
D．gave their minds
答案　B
解析　句意为：尽管他们遇到很大困难，这个队下定决心继续做实验。make up one’s mind下定决心，符合题意。
3．If we ________ to him，he will only make further demands.
A．give up B．give away
C．give out D．give in
答案　D
解析　give in to sb.向某人让步。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．他们太在意输赢。(care about)(2012·江苏·书面表达)
They_cared_too_much_about_winning_and_losing.
2．我希望你作出决定，到底来还是不来。(make up one’s mind)
I_wish_you’d_make_your_mind_up_whether_you’re_coming_or_not.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．He preferred_to_die(宁愿死) rather than steal.
2．He came to England three years ago and has_lived_here_ever_since(从那以后便一直住在这里)．
3．Once_you_form_a_bad_habit(一旦你养成了坏习惯)，it’s very difficult to get rid of it.
4．The doctor insisted that she_(should)_take_a_thorough_rest(她好好休息)．
5．I think the plan is_difficult_to_carry_out(很难实施)．
1 ...she insisted that she organize the trip properly.……她坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。
句型公式：insist＋that从句
insist作“坚持要求；坚持主张”讲时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即 should do；作“坚持说；坚持认为”解时，其后的从句用陈述语气。
insist on doing sth.坚持要求 做 某事
I insisted that you (should) go there on time.
我坚决要求你准时到达那里。
They insisted on their original view.
他们仍坚持原来的看法。
夯实基础
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)The doctor insisted that he was(be) seriously ill and that he (should)_be_operated(operate) on immediately.
(2)The officer insisted that Michael did_not_follow(not，follow) the correct procedure in applying for a visa.
(3)Frank insisted that he was_not(not，be) asleep although I had great difficulty in waking him up.
2 When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会很困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
to breathe为不定式主动形式表示被动意义,动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的几种情况：
1 主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式,常用于本句型的形容词包括：easy，hard，difficult，interesting，heavy，pleasant，comfortable，safe，dangerous，impossible，strange等。在这种句型中，当不定式与句子的主语有动宾关系且动词是不及物时，应该在不及物动词后加上适当的介词。
2 主语＋be＋too＋adj.＋不定式
3 主语＋be＋adj.＋enough＋不定式
4 have/give/show/get sth.to do,本句型中的不定式与前面的名词有动宾关系，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系。
5 与疑问代词连用时，如what，who等。
6 be to blame该受责备
He is easy to work with.他很容易共事。
夯实基础
(1)单句改错
①This sentence is not easy to explain it.去掉it
②The question is difficult to be answered.be_answered→answer
③Pure gold is too soft to be used in industry.be_used→use
④The moon is too far away of us to reach.of→for_
(2)翻译句子
这本词典很便宜，能买得起。
This_dictionary_is_cheap_enough_to_buy.
3 Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.她一旦下定决心，就没有什么可以改变。
once在此为从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一旦；一……就……”。
at once立刻；同时
all at once突然；同时
once in a while偶尔
once again/more再一次
The volunteers must make a full preparation that there is almost no chance to return to the earth once they are immigrated to the Mars.
这些志愿者们必须做好充分的准备，因为他们一旦迁移到火星上就几乎没有机会再回到地球。 (2013·广东·基础写作)
夯实基础
(1)把once后省略的部分补充完整
Once heard，the song will never be forgotten.
Once_it_is_heard，the song will never be forgotten.
(2)翻译句子
你一旦开始，便不可停下来。
Once_you_begin，you_must_continue.
用所给动词的适当形式补全下列句子
(1)Betty is_leaving(leave) for Guangzhou by plane at 3∶00 this afternoon.
(2)The Browns are_going(go) to North China by train next week.
(3)Some friends are_coming(come) to Anne’s birthday party this evening.
(4)My plane takes_off(take off) at 9∶20，so I must be at the airport by 8∶30.
(5)They are_getting(get) there by air.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．The man insisted ________ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.
A．find B．to find
C．on finding D．in finding
答案　C
解析　insist 后常接从句或on doing结构，不接不定式或in doing结构。
2．You will be successful in the interview ________ you have confidence.
A．before B．once
C．until D．though
答案　B
解析　句意为：一旦你有了信心，面试就会成功。once一旦，符合句意。
3．Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts.The plane________.
A．takes off B．is taking off
C．has taken off D．took off
答案　B
解析　句意为：先生们女士们，请系好安全带，飞机马上起飞了。本句使用现在进行时表示将来。
4．My headache________me.I thought it was going away，but now it’s getting worse and worse.
A．is killing B．was killing
C．kills D．killed
答案　A
解析　从but now it’s getting worse and worse可知“我现在头疼得厉害”。故用现在进行时。
Ⅱ.汉译英
相反，志愿者们坚持说他们已经厌倦了地球上的生活。(insist＋that从句)
(2013·广东·基础写作)
On_the_contrary，the_volunteers_insist_that_they_have_got_tired_of_the_life_on_the_earth.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．If she doesn’t want to go, nothing you can say will________her. (2012·新课标全国，35)
A．persuade B．promise C．invite D．support
答案　A
解析　if引导条件状语从句，根据逻辑将句子补全，此空应该填入一个含有“说服”意义的词，只有A项符合。persuade劝服。
2．The exam results will be ________ on Friday afternoon. (2011·辽宁，26)
A．put down B．put off
C．put up D．put away
答案　C
解析　句意为：这次考试结果将在星期五下午张贴公布。put up举起，抬起，建立，竖起，张贴，投宿，留宿；put down放下，平定，镇压，取缔，记下，写下；put off延期，推迟，拖延；put away收起来，放好，储存，关押。根据句意选C项。
3．The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable________. (2011·福建，27)
A．held B．holding C．be held D．to hold
答案　D
解析　句意为：与前一个版本厚度和重量的不同使得iPad 2拿着更舒服。仔细观察句子可知，题干中含有一个句式：make＋宾语＋形容词＋动词不定式。分析此句式结构可知，hold与宾语iPad 2之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，但与其逻辑主语(for) us之间为主谓关系，在此省略了逻辑主语，故用动词不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。
4．—What do you think of store shopping in the future
—Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but ________.(2011·安徽，26)
A．will never replace
B．would never replace
C．will never be replaced
D．would never be replaced
答案　C
解析　句意为：——你如何看待未来的商店购物？——就我个人而言，我认为它将会和在家购物并存但永远不会被取代。答语中的it 指代问句中的store shopping。由句意可知store shopping和replace之间是被动关系，故排除A、B两项；D项为过去将来时的被动语态，不符合时态一致的原则；只有C项是一般将来时的被动语态，符合句意。
5．—I’m not finished with my dinner yet.
—But our friends________for us. (2010·北京，24)
A．will wait B．wait
C．have waited D．are waiting
答案　D
解析　句意为：——我还没有吃完晚饭。——但是我们的朋友在等我们。此处强调说话时正在进行的动作，所以用现在进行时。