人教新课标高考英语一轮复习必修2 Unit 1 Cultural relics

Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．design /dI′zaIn/ n．& vt.设计，图案，构思
2．remove /rI′mu v/ vt.移动；搬开
3．former /′f m / adj.以前的，从前的
4．fancy /′f nsI/ adj.奇特的；异样的；vt.想象；设想；爱好
5．local /′l kl/ adj.本地的，当地的
6．worth /w θ/ prep.值得的；相当于……的价值；n.价值；作用；adj.(古)值钱的
7．sink /sI k/ vi.下沉；沉下
8．entrance /′entr ns/ n．入口
9．debate /dI′beIt/ n．& vi.争论；辩论
10．valuable /′v lj bl/ adj.贵重的；有价值的→value n．& vt.价值；重视
11．survive /s ′vaIv/ vi.幸免；幸存；生还→survival n．生存；幸存→survivor n．幸存者
12．amaze / ′meIz/ vt.使吃惊；惊讶→amazing adj.令人吃惊的→amazed adj.吃惊的→amazement n．惊奇
13．select /sI′lekt/ vt.挑选，选择→selection n．选择；选拔
14．decorate /′dek reIt/ v．装饰；装修→decoration n．装饰品
15．doubt /da t/ n．怀疑；疑惑；vt.怀疑；不信→doubtful adj.怀疑的
16．evidence /′evId ns/ n．根据；证据→evident adj.明显的；清楚的
17．explode /Ik′spl d/ vi.爆炸→explosion n．爆炸
18．informal /In′f ml/ adj.非正式的→formal (反义词) adj.正式的
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．in_search_of寻找
2．belong_to属于
3．in_return作为报答，回报
4．at_war处于交战状态
5．less_than少于
6．take_apart拆开
7．be_worth_doing值得
8．think_highly_of 看重；器重
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia，could_never_have_imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.
` 普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
2．Later，Catherine Ⅱ had_the_Amber_Room_moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.
后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。
3．There_is_no_doubt_that the boxes were then put on a train for K nigsberg，which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.
毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海的一座城市。
4．After that，what_happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.
自那之后，琥珀屋发生了什么仍然是个谜。
5．In a trial，a judge must decide which_eyewitnesses_to_believe_and_which_not_to_believe.
在审判中一个法官必须确定哪些证人的话可信，哪些不可信。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．I’m afraid we’ve taken up too much of your valuable(value) time.
2．There is no doubt that Catherine is doubtful of her future，for she doubts whether she can continue to work.(doubt)
3．Luckily，I survived the terrible car crash last week and I was the only survivor of the accident.(survive)
4．It was evident that all the evidence we collected proved him to be guilty.(evident)
5．Some drivers like to draw some special patterns as decorations(decorate) on their cars.
6．Believe it or not，this is the most amazing(amaze) experience of my life.
7．The shopping center has a wide selection(select) of winter clothes.
8．Florida’s population exploded(explosion) after the Second World War.
1 survive vt.幸存；幸免于难(to continue to live)；比……活的时间长(to live longer than)；vi.幸存；存活
survive on靠……存活下来
A survive s B　A比B活得长
survive sth.幸免于；从……中活过来
survivor n.幸存者
survival n.幸存；残存)
Just eight passengers survived the plane crash.
在这次飞机失事中仅有8名乘客幸免于难。
There are concerns that the refugees may not survive the winter.有人担心这些难民活不过冬天。
特别提醒
(1)survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因而不要加多余的in或from。
(2)当survive意为“比……多活多长时间”时，用“A survive(s) B by＋时间”结构表示。
夯实基础
用适当的介词填空
(1)Mr.White survived his wife by 9 years.
(2)Many of the peasants survive on tiny plots of corn and beans.
2 design n.设计；布局；安排 arrangement ；打算 plan ；意图 intention ；构思；v.设计；构思；计划；制订 make，plan or intend
by design＝on purpose故意,be designed for...为……设计,be designed to do.../as...为某目的或用途而制造或设计
The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.
这方法是专为小组活动设计的。
夯实基础
(1)用适当的介词填空
①Do you think the traffic accident was caused by accident or by design
②This building is designed for weddings and other celebrations.
③The new device is designed as an alternative for the old one.
(2)翻译句子
这个实验的目的是想测试这种新药品。
The_experiment_is_designed_to_test_the_new_drug.
3 serve I.服侍……进餐；服役；供职于；服务；用作
serve sth.to sb.＝serve sb.sth.给某人端上……
serve the people为人民服务
serve as当作；作为
at the service of sb.＝at one’s service听……差遣；随时准备为……做事
Who will serve lunch to us/serve us lunch
谁招待我们吃午饭？
The box can serve as a desk.那个箱子能当桌子用。
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)When the news came that the war broke out，he decided to_serve_in_the_army(去部队服
役)．
(2)She ushered me into the front room，which_served_as(用作) her office.
(3)We are at_your_service(随时为你服务)．Don’t hesitate to turn to us if you have any further problems.
4 consider v.仔细考虑；细想；认为；以为
consider doing...考虑做……
consider sb./sth. to be/as ...认为某人 物 ……
all things considered总而言之；考虑到所有情况
considering prep.& conj.考虑到……；就……而言
considerate adj.考虑周到的；体贴的
consideration n.考虑
take sth.into consideration考虑到；顾及
I consider the opportunity is of great importance.
我认为这次机会非常重要。
After careful consideration，though，I decided on science as my main subject of study.
但是，经过仔细考虑，我选定理科作为学习的主要科目。 (2012·安徽·书面表达)
夯实基础
用consider的适当形式填空
(1)What a pity！Considering his ability and experience，he might have done better.
(2)I’ve always understood one should try to be considerate of other people.
(3)He said there should be careful consideration of the future role of the BBC.
5 wonder v.想知道；想弄明白 want to know ；感到诧异 be surprised ；n.惊讶；惊奇；惊异；惊叹；奇迹；奇观；奇事 surprise
wonder at对……惊讶,wonder to do...想做……,work wonders创造奇迹
no wonder难怪,It’s a wonder that...令人惊讶的是……
We can work wonders if we unite as a family，caring for each other and helping those in need.
如果我们能团结如一家人，互相照顾，经常帮助那些需要帮助的人，我们就能创造奇迹。
(2011·福建·书面表达)
夯实基础
用适当的连接词填空
(1)It’s a wonder that you didn’t lose your way in the dark.
(2)As he welcomes me into his home，I wonder if/whether he feels like easing off a little.
6 remain v.留下，遗留；保持不变，一直是 continue to be or exist
remain to be done有待去做
remaining adj.剩余的
remains n.剩余物；遗址
the remainder剩余物
“I told the prime minister that we will remain solid in our alliance commitments，” Mr.Biden told a news conference.
“我已告诉首相，我们的同盟承诺坚如磐石，”拜登在新闻发布会上表示。
The problems remain to be settled.
这几个问题尚待解决。
夯实基础
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)It remains to_be_seen(see) whether she’ll be fit enough to play in the finals.
(2)They were tidying up the remains(remain) of their picnic.
(3)Ladies and gentlemen，please remain seated(seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.
7 worth adj.价值……的；值……钱的；n.价值；作用；prep.值得的，相当于……的价值
be worth doing...值得做……
be worthwhile to do/doing...值得做某事
It’s worth one’s while to do/doing...某人做某事是值得的
be worthy of sth./of being done/to be done值得 做 某事
Guilin is a beautiful place.It’s worthwhile going/to go there.
桂林是个美丽的地方，值得去看看。
Liu Hulan was a worthy daughter of the party.
刘胡兰是党的好女儿。
特别提醒
worthy可作定语，而worth不能。
夯实基础
一句多译
这家工厂值得参观。
(1)The_factory_is_worth_visiting.(worth)
(2)The_factory_is_worthy_of_a_visit.(worthy of＋n.)
(3)The_factory_is_worthy_of_being_visited.(worthy of＋动名词)
(4)The_factory_is_worthy_to_be_visited.(worthy＋不定式)
(5)It’s_worthwhile_to_visit/visiting_the_factory.(worthwhile)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．After the traffic accident，no one ________ except a few people who were badly injured.
A．survive B．survived
C．was survived D．was surviving
答案　B
解析　从句意分析可知，此处survive应表示“幸存”的意思，是不及物动词，不能用被动语态。
2．The houses ________ for the refugees in the earthquake have already been completed.
A．designed B．designing
C．to design D．having designed
答案　A
解析　designed for the refugees in the earthquake是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰the houses。
3．Old as she was，she still ________ herself to be young and beautiful.
A．pictured B．regarded
C．fancied D．hoped
答案　C
解析　句意为：虽然她年龄大了，但她一直认为自己年轻漂亮。fancy认为，符合句意。
4．His brother ________ in the army for two years.
A．joined B．took part in
C．served D．served for
答案　C
解析　serve in the army服役；join the army意为“参军”。
5．—Is your brother going camping
—He’s signed up but he’s considering ________.
A．not to go B．not going
C．won’t go D．not to
答案　B
解析　consider作“考虑”解，后跟动名词。
6．He hasn’t slept at all for three days.________ he is tired out.
A．There is no point B．There is no need
C．It is no wonder D．It is no way
答案　C
解析　考查固定句型：(It is)No wonder...难怪……。
7．I am going to do all I can to ________ the unpleasant impression you have of me.
A．solve B．form
C．remove D．move
答案　C
解析　句意为：我打算尽最大努力去掉你对我不好的印象。remove去掉，符合句意。
8．Would you please make up a topic worth ________ in tomorrow’s conference
A．discussing B．to be discussed
C．to discussed D．being discussed
答案　A
解析　worth作后置定语，修饰the topic；worth后常用doing，主动形式表被动。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．我想知道你是否能为我代卖一些中国结。(wonder)(2013·新课标全国Ⅱ·书面表达)
I_wonder_if_you_could_sell_some_Chinese_knots_for_me.
2．你知道，自从你走后我一直想你，所以我希望英语竞赛结束后可以在北京和你见面。(miss)(2011·山东·写作)
You_know,_I_have_been_missing_you_since_you_left,_so_I_hope_to_see_you_in_Beijing_after_the_English_contest.
3．曾经被毁的地方现在变成了一个充满活力的学校，真是不可思议。(amazing)
(2011·福建·书面表达)
It_is_really_amazing_that_the_once ruined_place_has_now_been_turned_into_a_beautiful_school,_full_of_life.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
think highly of　in search of　belong to　in return for,take apart
1．I invited him to dinner in_return_for his kindness.
2．As is known to us，China is a country belonging_to the Third World.
3．He moved to the United States in_search_of a better life.
4．Pat took_apart the TV set and spread the bits all over the carpet.
5．We think_highly_of_their research in this field.
1 in search of寻找 looking for
in one’s search for寻找
make a search for寻找
search sth./sb.搜查某物/搜身
search for寻找……
I went off in search of a garage where I could buy some petrol.
我离开去寻找加油站买汽油。
The police searched the suspect but found no weapons on him.警方搜查嫌疑犯，但在他身上找不到武器。
特别提醒
in search of寻找，搜寻，在句中常作表语或目的状语，名词search前不加限定词。若search前加a/the/one’s等限定词时，of要换成for。
夯实基础
用search及其短语的适当形式填空
(1)The police searched him but nothing was found on him.
(2)She searched_for him everywhere，but in vain.
(3)We are in_search_of an experienced and reliable producer of jewellery.
2 belong to属于；是……的成员；应归入
belongings n.所有物；财产
Put it back where it belongs.
把它放回应放的地方。
特别提醒
belong to无被动语态，无进行时，后接名词的普通格或代词宾格。
夯实基础
用belong的适当形式填空
(1)The book belonging to him is on the desk.
(2)Poetry written from the perspective of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.
(3)He was identified only by his uniform and personal belongings.
3 in return作为回报；作为交换
in return for作为对……的交换 回报
return sth.to sb.＝return sb.sth.归还某人某物
on one’s return某人一回来
But，totally engaged in my own study，I seldom pay attention to what mother needs and feels，and always think studying well is the only thing I could do in return.
但是，由于完全投入到学习中，我很少关注母亲的需要和感受，总认为学习好就是我能做的对母亲的最好的回报。 (2011·江苏·书面表达)
What can we do for them in return for all the help they have given us
我们将为他们做些什么来报答他们给予我们的种种帮助呢？
特别提醒
return的意思是come/go/be back，所以不能再和back连用。
夯实基础
同义句改写
On her return to England，she published an account of her travels.(用on＋doing改写句子)
On_returning_to_England，she_published_an_account_of_her_travels.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．In the 1990’s，many well educated young people went to Hainan Island ________ jobs.
A．in favor of B．in memory of
C．in honor of D．in search of
答案　D
解析　句意为：在20世界90年代，许多受过良好教育的年轻人去海南岛找工作。in search of寻找，符合句意。
2．Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ________ to the well educated.
A．belongs B．is belonged
C．is belonging D．will be belonged
答案　A
解析　belong to表示“属于”，不能用于被动语态，而且也没有进行时形式，因此只有A项正确。
3．—Are you free after school
—Sorry.I’ve planned to treat a friend of mine to dinner ________ for his help.
A．in addition B．in turn
C．in return D．in total
答案　C
解析　in return作为回报，符合句意。
4．Although our headteacher is very young, he is quite capable and treats us well, so he is well________.
A．considered as B．talked of
C．cared about D．thought of
答案　D
解析　考查短语辨析。此处考查think well of(对……评价很高)的被动结构。
5．The machine has already been ________ and the worker is going to repair it.
A．taken apart B．taken on
C．taken in D．taken off
答案　A
解析　take apart拆开；take on呈现出，雇用；take in吸收，欺骗；take off脱掉。由句意可知选A项。
Ⅱ.汉译英
这个工厂的所有工人必须遵守这个规定。(belong to)
All_the_workers_belonging_to_the_factory_must_obey_the_rule.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．He knew little about Japanese，so he couldn’t_have_learned_it(不可能学过)．
2．The two men had_their_lights_burning(让灯亮着) all night long.
3．She is clever and diligent，so there_is_no_doubt(毫无疑问) that we think highly of her.
4．The design of the room was_of_the_fancy_style_popular(是流行的别致的建筑式样) in those days.
5．In 1770 the room was completed the_way_she_wanted(按照她想要的方式)．
1 There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for K nigsberg...毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，……
(1)There is no doubt意为“毫无疑问”，后接that从句或about＋名词结构。There is doubt意为“……值得怀疑”，后接whether引导的从句或about＋名词结构。
(2)doubt v．& n．怀疑；疑问，作动词时，其用法如下：
①在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句。
②在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。
作名词时，用法如下：
①用于肯定句时，一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。
②用于否定句、疑问句时，一般接that引导的宾语从句。
(3)be in doubt犹豫不决
beyond doubt无疑地
There is much doubt whether he will keep his word.
他是否会信守诺言值得怀疑。
夯实基础
用适当的连词填空
(1)I don’t doubt that_he can finish the task on time.
(2)I doubt if/whether they can swim across the river.
(3)There is no doubt that she will come in time.
(4)I have some doubt whether he will be elected.
2 In a trial，a judge must decide which eyewitness to believe and which not to believe.在审讯中，法官必须判断哪个证人可信哪个证人不可信。
“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
1 在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。
2 why后加不定式时，不定式省略符号to。
3 whether后可接不定式，而if不可。
I don’t know how to do it next.
我不知道下一步该怎么办。
特别提醒
“疑问代词(who，which除外)”后面须跟“及物动词”；若是不及物动词，后面须跟相应的介词。“疑问副词”后可以接“不及物动词”；若接“及物动词”，动词不定式须有自己的宾语。
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
①He doesn’t know what he will talk about.(改为简单句)
He_doesn’t_know_what_to_talk_about.
②I really have no idea whether I will accept her invitation or not.(改为简单句)
I_really_have_no_idea_whether_to_accept_her_invitation_or_not.
③Why don’t you stop to have a rest
Why not stop to have a rest？(用why not改写句子)
(2)翻译句子
我不知道要不要留下来。
I_don’t_know_whether_to_stay_or_not.
用定语从句合并改写下列两个句子
(1)I was invited to join by my neighbor.He has been a League member for three years.
→I was invited to join by my neighbor，who_has_been_a_League_member_for_three_years.
(2)The film brought the hours back to me.I was taken good care of in that faraway village in that time.
→The film brought the hours back to me when_I_was_taken_good_care_of_in_that_faraway_
village.
(3)Our friends missed the train again.They are always late for everything.
→Our friends，who_are_always_late_for_everything，missed the train again.
(4)He doesn’t go to the Great Wall.The man is not a true man.
→He who_doesn’t_go_to_the_Great_Wall is not a true man.
(5)Can you lend me the book？You talked about it last night.
→Can you lend me the book about_which you talked last night
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．There is still some doubt ________ the autumn sports meeting will be held in our school，but there is no doubt ________ it will be held soon after our National Day holiday.
A．that；that B．whether；whether
C．that；whether D．whether；that
答案　D
解析　名词doubt用在肯定句中后接whether的同位语从句；用在否定句中后接that引导的同位语从句。
2．He doesn’t have enough evidence to decide ________ this scheduling system.
A．whether adopt B．whether adopting
C．whether to adopt D．whether adopted
答案　C
解析　“whether＋不定式”作动词decide的宾语。
3．We________ last night，but we went to appreciate the flowerbeds and streetlights in Tian’anmen Square instead.
A．might study B．could study
C．should have studied D．must have studied
答案　C
解析　考查虚拟语气。由语境可知，A、B两项错误，此处不是表猜测；而must have done表示“一定做过某事”，不符合句意；should have done sth.表示“本应该做某事而没做”。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．毫无疑问，一个清洁工干的活比社会上其他工作都要辛苦。(There is no doubt that...) (2013·广东·读写任务)
There_is_no_doubt_that_what_a_cleaner_does_is_harder_compared_with_any_other_job_in_the_society.
2．我开始考虑做点什么来帮助(他们)。(疑问词＋不定式)(2013·陕西·书面表达)
I_begin_to_think_about_what_to_do_to_help.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent，________？ (2012·江苏，25)
A．is there B．isn’t there
C．is he D．isn’t he
答案　A
解析　根据前面there be 句里含有否定意义的词little，所以反意疑问句用肯定形式，其主谓应与陈述部分的主谓保持一致，故选A项。
2．This is not my story，nor ________ the whole story.My story plays out differently.
(2012·四川，5)
A．is there B．there is
C．is it D．it is
答案　C
解析　考查倒装句。nor位于句首引起部分倒装，排除B、D两项；再根据句意“这并不是(关于)我的故事，它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的结局不同。”用代词it。故选C项。
3．Rod loves ________ clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again.
(2012·辽宁，26)
A．taking apart B．giving away
C．making up D．turning off
答案　A
解析　句意为：Rod喜欢拆钟表，然而他无法把钟表再安装起来。take apart拆开，符合句意。give away分发，捐赠，泄露；make up弥补，占据；turn off关闭。
4．The players________from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. (2011·湖南，23)
A．selecting B．to select
C．selected D．having selected
答案　C
解析　句意为：(我们)期待从全国选出的运动员在这次夏季运动会中给我们带来荣誉。由句意可知运动员是被选出来的，此处只有C项可作后置定语表被动意义，故选C项。
5．Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others，________of course，made all the others upset. (2011·北京，26)
A．who B．which C．what D．that
答案　B
解析　句意为：玛丽对杰克要比对其他人好，这当然令其他人不快。分析题干可知，本题为非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代整个主句的意思，故选项B正确。A项指人；C项不能引导定语从句；D项不能引导非限制性定语从句。
6．Mistakes don’t just happen；they occur for a reason.Find out the reason，and then making the mistake becomes________. (2010·湖北，24)
A．favourable B．precious
C．essential D．worthwhile
答案　D
解析　句意为：错误并非(无缘无故地)发生；它们的发生是有原因的。找出原因，那么犯错误就是值得的。favourable有利的，赞成的；precious宝贵的，珍贵的；essential必要的，基本，本质的；worthwhile值得做的，值得花时间的。由句意可知，worthwhile符合语境。
7．The palace caught fire three times in the last century，and little of the original building________now. (2010·重庆，29)
A．remains B．is remained
C．is remaining D．has been remained
答案　A
解析　句意为：这座宫殿在上个世纪发生过三次火灾，其最初的建筑现在几乎所剩无几。首先remain为系动词，没有被动语态形式，排除B、D两项；remain一般不用于进行时态。故选A项。