人教新课标高考英语一轮复习必修2 Unit 2 The Olympic Games

Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．ancient /′eIn nt/ adj.古老的，古代的
2．medal /′medl/ n．奖章，勋章，纪念章
3．host /h st/ vt.主办；招待；做东；n.主人
4．nowadays /′na deIz/ adv.现在；当今
5．charge /t ɑ d / vt.& vi.收费；控诉；充电；n.费用；主管
6．bargain /′bɑ ɡIn/ vi.讨价还价，讲条件；n.便宜货
7．deserve /dI′z v/ v．值得；应受(报答或惩罚)
8．compete /k m′pi t/ vi.比赛，竞争→competition n．比赛，竞赛→competitor n．竞争者→competitive adj.竞争的；竞争心强的
9．magical /′m d Ikl/ adj.巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的→magic n．魔术；魔力；巫术
10．volunteer / v l n′tI / n．志愿者；志愿兵；adj.志愿的；义务的；vt.& vi.自愿→voluntary adj.自愿的，主动的
11．regular /′reɡj l / adj.规则的；定期的；常规的→regularly adv.有规律地→irregular(反义词) adj.不规则的；不定期的
12．basis /′beIsIs/ n．基础；根据→bases复数
13．admit / d′mIt/ vt.& vi.容许；承认；接纳→admission n．进入许可；入场券
14．gymnastics /d Im′n stIks/ n．(pl)体操；体能训练→gymnasium n．体育馆；健身房
15．responsibility /rI sp ns ′bIl ti/ n．责任，职责→responsible adj.有责任的；认真负责的
16．replace /rI′pleIs/ vt.取代，替换，代替→replacement n．替代品，取代
17．advertise /′ dv taIz/ v．做广告，登广告→advertisement n．广告
18．hopeless /′h plIs/ adj.没有希望的，绝望的→hopeful(反义词) adj.有希望的
19．pain /peIn/ n．疼痛；痛苦→painful adj.痛苦的
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．take_part_in参加；参与
2．stand_for代表；象征；表示
3．as_well又；也；还
4．in_charge主管；看管
5．one_after_another陆续地；一个接一个地
6．pick_up拾起；搭载；接收
7．work_out计算出；解决；制订出
8．run_the_race参加比赛
9．play_an_important_role_in扮演重要角色；起重要作用
10．every_four_years每四年
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．I lived in what_you_call_“Ancient_Greece”_ and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.
我生活在你们称之为“古希腊”的地方，我过去也经常写有关很久以前奥运会的情况。
2．No other country could join in，nor_could_slaves_or_women!
别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！
3．Women are not_only_allowed，but_play_a_very_important_role_in_ gymnastics，athletics，team sports and...
妇女们不但被允许参加，而且还在体操、竞技、团体运动等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用……
4．It’s a great responsibility but also a great honour to_be_chosen.
被选上既是一种巨大的责任，也是一种伟大的荣誉。
5．There’s as_much_competition among countries to host the Olympics as_to_win_Olympic_
medals.
国与国之间争取奥运举办权的竞争，就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．You have grown up and you need to take responsibility(responsible) for your actions.
2．Whoever wants to go hiking must be physically(physical) strong.
3．China has the competitive potential to compete with world famous brands such as Chanel and Louis Vuitton.(compete)
4．Advertisers are supposed to be honest with the advertisement.(advertise)
5．She is a voluntary(volunteer) worker at the hospital.
6．Her original plan was to find replacement(replace) furniture herself.
7．She had a feeling of hopelessness(hopeless) about the future.
8．He was eating irregularly(regular)，steadily losing weight.
1 admit v. 常指勉强 承认 agree ；承认 过错、罪行 ，招认，招供 confess ；准许……进入 allow...to enter ；容纳 hold
admit sth./doing sth.承认某事/做某事
admit＋n.＋to be承认……是……
admit sb./sth.into/to允许某人 物 进入……
be admitted as...作为……被接受
be admitted to被录取；成为……的一员
admission n.进入；入场费；承认
You must admit the task to be difficult.
你得承认这个任务是艰巨的。
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
He had to admit that he had done wrong.(用动名词改写句子)
He_had_to_admit_having_done_wrong.
(2)翻译句子
①他获准入学。
He_was_admitted_to_the_school.
②他承认打烂了窗户。
He_admitted_breaking_the_window.
2 charge n.要价，收费；指控，控告；指责，谴责；主管，掌管 the control over ；v.收 费 ，要价 ask an amount of money for... ；控告，起诉；指责 accuse sb. of ；充电
charge sb.with doing sth.＝accuse sb.of doing sth.指控某人犯……罪
accuse sb.of sth.＝blame sb.for sth.因某事指责某人
charge sb.money for sth.因某物收某人钱,free of charge免费
in charge of掌管 表状态
take charge of掌管 表动作
in the charge of被……掌管；由……负责
She charged me $24 for the book.
这本书她向我要价24美元。
A week later，I volunteered to take charge of English study in my class.
一个星期以后，我自愿负责班级里的英语学习。
夯实基础
同义句改写
(1)Police have charged Mr.Bell with murder.(用accuse改写句子)
Police_have_accused_Mr.Bell_of_murder.
(2)This year I am in charge of the class.
①This_year_the_class_is_in_the_charge_of_me.(用the class作主语改写句子)
②This_year_I_take_charge_of_the_class.(用take charge of改写句子)
3 bargain vi. 与某人就某事 讨价还价 discuss the price ；商讨条件 to discuss to reach an agreement ；n.减价品，便宜货；协议，交易 agreement
bargain with sb.for/over sth.就某事和某人讨价还价
bargain for/on sth.预料到，料想到
a good/bad bargain买得(不)合算
make a bargain with sb.和某人达成协议
I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in sale；it was a real bargain.
在大甩卖中我花了10美元买了一件裙子，可真便宜。
I had not bargained for rain，and I got wet.
我没料到要下雨，所以淋湿了。
夯实基础
After much ________，the shop owner agreed to cut down the price of the MP4 by 20%.
A．debating B．talking
C．discussing D．bargaining
答案　D
解析　句意为：经过多次讨价还价之后，店主同意把MP4的价格降低20%。bargain讨价还价，符合题意。
4 promise v.承诺；允诺；有望；使……可能；n.承诺；允诺；前途
promise sb.sth.＝promise sth.to sb.答应某人某事
promise (to be)＋n./adj.有希望……；可能……
promise to do...答应做……
break/keep/carry out/make a promise不守/守/履行/许下诺言
promising adj.有前途的；有希望的
It promises to be fine tomorrow.明天可能是个好天气。
He promised me never to trouble me again.
他答应我不再麻烦我。
夯实基础
That student admitted ________ in the math exam，________ that he would never do that again in the future.
A．to have cheated；promising
B．cheating；promised
C．to cheating；promised
D．having cheated；promising
答案　D
解析　admit后跟动名词形式，排除A、C两项；又因cheat动作发生在admit之前，故用动名词的完成式；promising...作伴随状语，意为“保证，答应……”。
5 deserve v.值得；应得；应受 报答或惩罚 should have or be given
deserve doing/to be done值得被……
deserve to do sth.应该/值得做某事
deserve consideration/attention值得考虑/注意
get what one deserves罪有应得
No matter how ordinary a job is，it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect.
无论工作多么普通，在社会中都起着重要作用，所以值得我们的尊重。(2013·广东·读写任务)
特别提醒
当物作主语deserve后接doing，主动形式表示被动意义，等于接动词不定式的被动式。有相同用法的动词还有：need，want，require等。
夯实基础
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)They didn’t deserve to_win(win)．
(2)I think your suggestion deserves trying/to_be_tried(try)．
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Our Greek cities used to ________ against each other just for the honour of winning.
A．run for B．compete
C．complete D．beat
答案　B
解析　句意为：我们希腊各个城市之间曾经为了赢得的荣誉而彼此竞争。run for竞选；compete竞争；complete完成；beat打败。
2．—Did Jack ________ having taken some books without telling anybody
—Yes，he did.He said he took three books.
A．imagine B．allow
C．attempt D．admit
答案　D
解析　问句句意为：杰克承认了没有告诉任何人就拿走了一些书吗？admit承认；imagine想象；allow允许；attempt试图。由句意知选D项。
3．Tom is the best one in our team.If he is injured, nobody can________him.
A．replace B．take place
C．instead of D．in the place of
答案　A
解析　按照句意可知此处有“代替”之意并且需要动词作谓语，replace＝take the place of。instead of是介词短语，不能作谓语。
4．The hotel ________ 50 yuan for a room for the night.
A．offered B．charged
C．paid D．gave
答案　B
解析　句意为：这家旅馆一间房一晚要价50元。charge要价，收费，符合题意。
5．Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful ________ in the market.
A．batteries B．bargains
C．baskets D．barrels
答案　B
解析　句意为：有些人喜欢星期天购物，因为他们希望能在市场上挑到不错的便宜货。bargain便宜货，廉价品，符合题意。
6．I work hard and I think I deserve ________.
A．to be well paid B．to pay well
C．being well paid D．well paying
答案　A
解析　考查deserve to be done＝deserve doing。
7．The patient is supposed to go to the hospital for________checks.
A．common B．normal
C．regular D．usual
答案　C
解析　考查形容词辨析。regular checks常规检查。句意为：(医生)建议这位病人应该到医院进行常规检查。这里指的是定期的检查，所以选regular。
8．We know playing computer games for a long time can harm one’s ________health.
A．regular B．magical
C．physical D．reliable
答案　C
解析　考查形容词辨析。句意为：我们知道长时间玩电脑游戏对我们的身体健康有害。physical health指的是身体健康。regular定期的；magical魔术的；reliable可靠的。
9．—Do you know the school________in your university
—Yes.It’s “Never lose hope”．
A．motto B．speech
C．expression D．matter
答案　A
解析　考查名词辨析。这里表示“校训”，即“座右铭，警句”，所以用motto。句意为：——你知道你们大学的校训吗？——知道。是“Never lose hope”。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．因此，让我们通过骑自行车承担起建立低碳城市的责任。(responsibility)(2011·江西·写作)
Therefore,_let’s_take_the_responsibility_to_build_up_a_low carbon_city_by_riding_bicycles.
2．但是最新消息表明她17岁的女儿已被哈佛大学和耶鲁大学录取。(admit)
(2011·广东·基础写作)
However，the_latest_news_shows_that_her_17 year old_daughter_was_admitted_into_
Harvard_and_Yale_University.
3．所以，她值得获得这项荣誉，我们都应该向她学习。(deserve)(2010·浙江·书面表达)
Therefore，she_deserves_the_honor_and_we_should_learn_from_her.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．Who could not take_part_in the ancient Olympic Games
2．Mr.Liu can speak English，but he can speak Cantonese as_well.
3．I managed to pick_up an American news broadcast.
4．Her mother stands_for the kind treatment of all children.
5．I’d like to speak to the person in_charge.
1 stand for代表 represent ；象征；支持 support ；主张；容忍 用于否定句 put up with
stand by站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持
stand out突出
stand doing/to do容忍做……
as it stands照此情况，照这个样子
from where I stand以我的观点 立场
The five star red flag stands for our country.
五星红旗代表我们的国家。
In the picture，there stands a tree full of fruit on one side of the stream.
图画中，小河的一边立着一棵结满果实的树。 (2011·北京·开放作文)
夯实基础
选词填空　
(1)How can you stand_by and see him accused of something he didn’t do
(2)The new road sign is easy to read；the words stand_out well.
(3)I disagreed fundamentally with what the party stood_for.
2 every four years每隔三年
every four years＝every fourth year每四年；每隔三年；每第四年
every other second ＋单数名词　每隔一……
every few＋复数名词　每隔几……
He comes to see his uncle every third week.
他每三个星期来看望他叔叔一次。
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
Take the medicine every six hours.(用序数词改写句子)
Take_the_medicine_every_sixth_hour.
(2)翻译句子
①请隔行写。
Write_on_every_other_line.
②他不得不每走100米左右就停下来休息一次。
He_had_to_stop_to_rest_every_hundred_metres_or_so.
3 pick up捡起，拿起 某物 ；收听；接送某人；收拾；获得；学会；好转；逮捕，抓捕；取回；感染
pick out挑出
pick and choose东挑西捡
He picked his cap up from the floor and stuck it back on his head.
他从地板上拾起帽子，重新戴在头上。
We drove to the airport the next morning to pick up Susan.
我们第二天早晨开车去机场接苏姗。
图解助记
夯实基础
写出下列句子中pick up的汉语意思
(1)Ridley picked up a pencil and fiddled(不停摆弄) with it.拿起
(2)She went over to her parents’ house to pick up some clean clothes.取回
(3)Where did you pick up your English？学会
(4)They’ve picked up a really nasty infection from something they’ve eaten.染上
(5)We can pick up Italian television.接收
(6)Chinese officials hope that trade will pick up when the two countries switch to hard currency.好转
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．He has been acting very strangely these days.I can’t ________ his actions at all.
A．ask for B．account to
C．call for D．stand for
答案　D
解析　句意为：这些天他行为古怪，我根本不能容忍他的行为。stand for容忍，忍受。
2．I go home every ________ days and I’ll finish this task within ________ days.
A．a few；a few B．few；few
C．few；a few D．a few；few
答案　C
解析　every few＋复数名词，表示“每隔几……”；within a few days在几天内。
3．Sam________some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.
A．brought up B．looked up
C．picked up D．set up
答案　C
解析　句意为：Sam只是通过观察别人用电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。bring up提出，养育，呕吐；look up查询，查阅；pick up自然而然地或无意中学会；set up建立，创立。
4．Doves________peace.
A．bring about B．take in
C．bring in D．stand for
答案　D
解析　句意为：鸽子代表和平。stand for代表，象征，表示，符合句意。bring about导致，引起；take in包括，吸收，欺骗；bring in引进，引来，都不符合句意。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．在中国，这些结代表着友谊、爱情和好运。(stand for)(2013·新课标全国Ⅱ·书面表达)
In_China，these_knots_stand_for_friendship，love_and_good_luck.
2．即使是原来不喜欢英语的学生最终也对这个学科感兴趣了。(used to)(2012·辽宁·书面表达)
Even the students who used to dislike English have turned out to be interested in the subject.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．He said never_had_he_seen(他从来没见过) a man like this.
2．Is she the girl from_whom_you_borrowed_the_book(你向她借书)
3．Not_only_does_she_work_hard(她不仅工作努力) but also she is very charming.
4．I haven’t seen the film，nor/neither_has_Mary(玛丽也没看过)．
5．He has as_much_interest_in(同样感兴趣) maths as in English.
1 I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.我生活在你们称之为“古希腊”的地方，我过去也经常写有关很久以前奥运会的情况。
what引导的从句作介词in的宾语，并在从句中作call的宾语，Ancient Greece作宾补。
(1)介词后不跟that引导的宾语从句，这时需要用it作介词的形式宾语，再接that宾语从句；但what，which，whom等连词引导的宾语从句可放在介词后面。
(2)介词后可接whether引导的宾语从句，但不接由if引导的宾语从句。
There are mixed reports about whether he remains in custody.至于他是否仍被关押则有不同的报道。
You can rely on it that he will come on time.
你要相信他会准时来的。
夯实基础
用适当的连接词填空
(1)The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of what others actually understand.
(2)Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.
(3)—Have you finished the book
—No.I’ve read up to where the children discover the secret cave.
(4)Could I speak to whoever is in charge of International Sales please
(5)As a new diplomat，he often thinks of how he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
2 No other countries could join in，nor could slaves or women！别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加。
句型“nor/neither＋动词＋主语”用于否定陈述句之后，表示“也不”，相当于either用于否定句。
1 “so＋动词＋主语”，是另一种倒装句型，意为“也是如此”，表示上句所谈到的情况也适用于另一主语，so用来代替上句的内容。
2 如果下文表示的是对上文的赞成或肯定，则仅把so放于句首，其后用正常语序。
3 如果表示前面两件事或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时，则需要用So it is/was with...或It is/was the same with...。
Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States.So it was with Jane./It was the same with Jane.玛丽在澳大利亚出生，在美国居住。简也是。
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)—He works very hard.
—So_he_does(他确实如此)，and so_do_I(我也一样)．
(2)She doesn’t like them and nor_does_Jeff(Jeff也不喜欢他们)．
3 There’s as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.国与国之间争取奥运会举办权的竞争，就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。
as...as...像……一样；正如
1 结构特点：第一个as为副词，修饰形容词或副词的原级。第二个as或为连词，引导状语从句；也可是介词，其后加名词或代词。
2 否定式not as/so...as...不如……
3 表达倍数关系句型时则表达为：倍数＋as...as...
4 当as...as中间有名词时，应采用如下格式：
as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as或as＋adj.＋n. 复数或不可数 ＋as
5 as...as one can/could＝as...as possible尽可能……
Obviously，the boy doesn’t work as hard as many of his classmates.
显然，这个男孩不像他的许多同学那么刻苦。
特别提醒
在as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as结构中形容词放在不定冠词a/an之前，同样的结构还有：
so/too/how＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋...
夯实基础
翻译句子
这没有我想象的那么困难。
It’s_not_as_hard_as_I_thought.
用被动语态改写下列句子
(1)He will plant more trees.
→More_trees_will_be_planted_by_him.
(2)She will take care of the children.
→The_children_will_be_taken_care_of_by_her.
(3)Millions of people will watch the final match on TV.
→The_final_match_will_be_watched_on_TV_by_millions_of_people.
(4)Her parents will give her a bicycle as a birthday present.
→She_will_be_given_a_bicycle_as_a_birthday_present_by_her_parents./A_bicycle_will_be_given_to_her_as_a_birthday_present_by_her_parents.
(5)Their parents will collect the children on Sunday.
→The_children_will_be_collected_on_Sunday_by_their_parents.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．—She has been to Tokyo.
—________.
A．So have I B．So do I
C．I do so D．So I do
答案　A
解析　表上面的情况也适用于另一人，且上句为完成时，故选A项。
2．In many cases, nursing is not________a way of life.
A．a job much as B．much a job as
C．as a job much as D．so much a job as
答案　D
解析　在否定句中第一个as可以换成so。
3．He said the new factory________near the railway the next year.
A．will be built B．had been built
C．was built D．would be built
答案　D
解析　由主句谓语动词said和时间状语the next year可知本题考查过去将来时，又因从句主语和谓语为被动关系，故从句用过去将来时的被动语态。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．他完成了作业，我也完成了。(so＋助动词＋主语)
He_has_finished_his_homework，and_so_have_I.
2．她的戒指有我的两个大。(as...as...)
Her_ring_is_twice_as_big_as_mine.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．—Why，this is nothing but common vegetable soup!
—________，madam.It’s our soup of the day. (2013·新课标全国Ⅰ，21)
A．Let me see B．So it is
C．Don’t mention it D．Neither do I
答案　B
解析　考查情景交际。句意为：——怎么只是普通的蔬菜汤啊！——的确如此，夫人。这是我们今天的例汤。So it is表示“确实如此”，符合语境。Let me see让我来看看；Don’t mention it别提了；Neither do I我也不。
2．It’s said that the power plant is now________large as what it was. (2013·安徽，33)
A．twice as B．as twice
C．twice much D．much twice
答案　A
解析　考查倍数表达法。句意为：据说该发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。twice as large as...是……的两倍大。倍数的表示法有多种，此处为“倍数词＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as＋其他”结构。
3．The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for ________he could find about Mark Twain. (2012·辽宁，34)
A．wherever B．however
C．whatever D．whichever
答案　C
解析　分析for后面的宾语从句知道，find后面缺少宾语，因此要从能作宾语的C、D两项之间选择答案。在名词性从句中whichever表达“多个之中的选择”，而whatever指“一切”。句意为：那一天这个新来的人走进图书馆，寻找他能找到的关于马克·吐温的所有东西。
4．It’s surprising that your brother ________ Russian so quickly—he hasn’t lived there very long. (2012·四川，20)
A．picked up B．looked up
C．put up D．made up
答案　A
解析　考查动词短语辨析。pick up(无意之间、偶然地)学会；look up(在书籍中)查找；put up张贴，搭建；make up构成，编造。句意为：令人惊奇的是，你的弟弟如此快就学会说俄语了——他在那儿生活的时间并不长。根据句意选A项。
5．We used to see each other ________， but I haven’t heard from him since last year.
(2012·辽宁，22)
A．especially B．regularly
C．particularly D．approximately
答案　B
解析　especially特别地，专门地；regularly经常，定期地，表示频率；particularly特别，尤其；approximately近似地，大约。本题的关键信息是but I haven’t heard from him since last year，这说明我们过去是“经常”见面的。句意为：我们过去时常见面，但是自从去年以来我就没了他的音讯。
6．Don’t worry.The hard work that you do now ________later in life. (2012·湖南，22)
A．will be repaid B．was being repaid
C．has been repaid D．was repaid
答案　A
解析　句意为：别担心。你现在所做的努力在以后的生活中会有回报的。根据句意可知用将来时态且为被动。
7．If I find someone who looks like the suspect，my________reaction will be to tell the police. (2010·湖北，25)
A．physical B．immediate C．sensitive D．sudden
答案　B
解析　句意为：如果发现了看起来像嫌疑犯的人，我直接的反应将会是报警。physical身体的，物质的，物理的；immediate直接的，立即的；sensitive敏感的，灵敏的；sudden突然的，意外的，快速的。根据句意及词义可知，immediate为最佳选项。
8．If you leave the club，you will not be ________ back in. (2009·大纲全国Ⅱ，15)
A．received B．admitted
C．turned D．moved
答案　B
解析　由句意“如果你离开了俱乐部，就不允许再回去了”可知应用admit，指“允许进入”。