人教新课标高考英语一轮复习必修3 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note

Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．bet /bet/ n．赌，打赌；vi.& vt.打赌，赌钱
2．stare /ste / vi.凝视；盯着看
3．rude /ru d/ adj.粗鲁的；无礼的
4．indeed /In′di d/ adv.真正地；确实；实在
5．spot /sp t/ n．斑点，污点；地点；vt.认出；发现
6．passage /′p sId / n．通道；(一)段；船费(包括食宿)
7．envelope /′env l p/ n．信封
8．amount / ′ma nt/ n．数量
9．genuine /′d enj In/ adj.真的，真诚的
10．fault /f lt/ n．过错；缺点；故障
11．contrary /′k ntr ri/ adj.相违的；相反的；n.反面，对立面
12．manner /′m n / n．礼貌；举止；方式
13．seek /si k/ vt.& vi.寻找；探索；寻求
14．scene /si n/ n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色→scenery n．风景，景色
15．permit /p ′mIt/ vt.& vi.许可；允许；准许； /′p mIt/ n．通行证；许可证；执照→permission n．许可；认可，准许
16．account / ′ka nt/ vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有；n.说明；理由；计算；账目→accountable adj.应负责的
17．patience /′peI ns/ n．耐性；忍耐→patient adj.有耐心的，能忍受的
18．unbelievable / nbI′li v bl/ adj.难以置信的→believe v．相信；信任→belief n．信仰；信念
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．bring_up抚养；培养；教育；提出
2．make_a_bet打赌
3．go_ahead前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说
4．by_accident偶然；无意中；不小心
5．stare_at盯着看；凝视
6．account_for导致；做出解释
7．on_the_contrary与此相反；正相反
8．take_a_chance冒险
9．in_rags衣衫褴褛
10．as_for关于；至于
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．His eyes stare at what_is_left of the brothers’ dinner on the table.
他眼睛盯着桌子上兄弟二人吃剩的东西。
2．Well，towards nightfall I found_myself_carried_out to sea by a strong wind.
嗯，夜晚来临的时候，我发现自己被一阵强风刮进了海里。
3．The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when_I_was_spotted by a ship.
第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
4．And it was the ship that_brought_you_to_England.
就是那艘船把你带到英国来的。
5．You must come whenever_you_want and have whatever_you_like.
您什么时候想来就来，想吃什么就吃什么。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．Wandering(wander) in the street，I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.
2．Children are not permitted(permit) into the cinema without their parents.
3．In English law a person is accounted(accountable) innocent until they are proved guilty.
4．The police were on the scene(scenery) immediately.
5．She has little patience(patient) with such views.
6．He sought(seek) to cheat in the exam but in vain.
7．Many young teachers would like to be more adventurous(adventure) and creative.
8．Although I have much belief in him，I don’t believe this story.He is always telling us unbelievable things.(believable)
1 wander v.漫游；漫步；漂泊；走神；开小差
wander about/over...漫游……，游荡……
wander through穿过
wander off/away迷路；走散
Those who do not have relatives to return to are left to wander the streets and sleep rough.
举目无亲的人只好四处游荡，露宿街头。
夯实基础
When he got bored he would ________ around the fair.
A．get about B．come about
C．wander about D．set about
答案　C
解析　句意为：当他感到厌烦时，他就会到商品交易会溜达。wander about游荡，符合句意。
2 permit v．允许；许可(allow)；n.通行证；许可证；执照
permit sb.to do...允许某人做……
permit doing sth.允许做某事
permit sb.sth.允许某人某事
ask for permission请求许可
without permission未经许可
The majority of foreign nationals working here have work permits.
大多数在这里工作的外国人都有工作许可证。
The windows permit light and air to enter.
这些窗户采光及通风性能良好。
夯实基础
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)He was permitted to_talk(talk) to the prisoner.
(2)The guards permitted me to_bring(bring) my camera and tape recorder.
(3)We don’t permit smoking(smoke) in the office.
(4)He asked for permission(permit) to leave the room.
3 fault n.责任；过错；缺陷；v.发现错误；找出缺点
find fault with挑剔；找茬
at fault负有责任；有过错
She failed the test but it was her own fault；she didn’t do any work.
她测验不及格，但这是她自己的错，她不努力学习。
词义辨析　fault，mistake
(1)fault多指性格上的弱点，行为上的过失，强调因过失所导致的应负的责任。
(2)mistake指“错误；误会；误解”，多指缺乏正确理解造成行动上或认识上的错误。
夯实基础
用fault，mistake的适当形式填空
(1)It’s your fault to make such a mistake.
(2)He made several mistakes in the exam.
4 spot n.斑点；污渍；地点；场所；v.看见；发现
on the spot当场；在现场
be spotted with满是……的斑点
spot sb.doing...发现某人做……
She has a white dress with blue spots.
她有一件白底蓝点的连衣裙。
I finally spotted my friend in the crowd.
我终于在人群中发现了我的朋友。
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)The night sky is_spotted_with_stars(满天星星)．
(2)I_was_on_the_spot(我在现场) when the accident happened.
5 account v.认为 think ；说明 explain ；总计有；n.账目 a written record ；说明；计算
account for说明 原因等 ；做出解释；占…… 比例
on account of由于，因为
on no account绝不 置于句首时，句子部分倒装
take account of/take...into account ＝take...into consideration 考虑……
take no account of对……不加考虑
My wife keeps household accounts.
我太太记家庭收支账。
夯实基础
(1)选词填空　
①At first he hesitated on_account_of the expense.
②On_no_account should you tell him.
(2)翻译句子
他因病缺席。
His_illness_accounts_for_his_absence.
6 appearance n.出现；外表
in appearance看起来；外表上
make one’s appearance登台；出现
there appears to be...好像有……
The building was like a prison in appearance.
这座建筑的外观像监狱。
We should not judge a person by his appearance.
我们不应该以貌取人。
夯实基础
There_appears_to_be(好像有) a causal relationship with the whales.
7 seek vt. & vi.寻找 look for ；探索；寻求 try to obtain
seek after/for企图获得；追求；寻找
seek to do sth.试图 设法 做某事
seek out找到
They sought in vain for somewhere to shelter.
他们怎么也找不到一个藏身的地方。
We shouldn’t seek after comfort，personal fame or gain.
我们不应该贪图安逸，追名逐利。
夯实基础
用适当的介、副词填空
(1)They are urgently seeking for the post where they are well paid.
(2)The couple have sought help from their marriage go betweens.
(3)Corbett resolved to seek out the truth.
8 patience n.耐心；耐性；忍耐
beyond one’s patience无法忍受
out of patience没有耐心
have no patience with对……没有耐心
be patient with对……有耐心
This job calls for patience.
这件工作需要耐心。
Mum was very patient with me when I was ill and crabby.
在我生病且脾气乖戾的日子时，妈妈对我很有耐心。
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)Miss Grant is_patient_with_her_students(对她的学生有耐心)．
(2)His rudeness was beyond_my_patience(我无法忍受) and I wanted to leave.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Seeing the happy ________ of children playing in the park，I’m full of joy and confidence in the future of our country.
A．sight B．scene
C．view D．sign
答案　B
解析　sight视力，视野；scene场面，情景，景色；view观点，(从某一角度看到的)风景；sign记号，符号，征兆。由句意知选B项。
2．As for the winner of the game，the two boys made a ________.
A．decision B．bet
C．promise D．choice
答案　B
解析　make a bet打赌。
3．We were having class when a sudden noise set my mind ________.
A．flying B．wandering
C．racing D．flowing
答案　B
解析　句意为：我们正在上课这时突然一个噪音使我走神了。wander走神，符合句意。
4．The traffic police were searching for evidence to prove the accused man’s ________，but in vain.
A．mistake B．guilt
C．fault D．shortcoming
答案　C
解析　句意为：交警一直在寻找证据以证明被告有罪，但未能找到。mistake是统称词，表示一般概念；guilt罪责，内疚，尤指道德方面的过失；fault过失，(承担错误的)责任，缺点；shortcoming缺点。
5．When the thief found the police had already ________ him，he ran away quickly.
A．realized B．known
C．spotted D．stared
答案　C
解析　spot作动词表示“发现，看见”，符合语境。
6．Lack of money ________ her not continuing her studies.
A．accounts for B．cares for
C．explains to D．approves of
答案　A
解析　句意为：缺钱是她辍学的原因。account for说明……的原因；care for喜欢；explain to向某人解释；approve of赞成。
7．More and more countries are trying to ________ closer trade ties with China.
A．seek B．connect
C．search D．link
答案　A
解析　句意为：越来越多的国家正试图寻求与中国更密切的贸易联系。seek寻找，符合句意。
8．This project calls for ________ people and ________ time to complete.
A．a large number of；a large amount of
B．a large amount of；a large number of
C．a large amount of；a large amount of
D．a large number of；a large number of
答案　A
解析　a large number of后跟可数名词；a large amount of后接不可数名词。
9．Since the new rules began to work, we students have been________to have one hour for exercise every day.
A．promised B．agreed
C．permitted D．admitted
答案　C
解析　permit许可，允许，符合句意。promise允诺；agree 同意；admit承认。
10．I spent almost an hour to persuade him and at last I lost________.
A．devotion B．belief
C．patience D．balance
答案　C
解析　devotion热爱；belief信任；patience耐心，忍耐；balance平衡，天平。C项符合句意。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．我发现老师既有耐心又体贴人。(patient)(2012·湖北·短文写作)
I_found_the_teachers_patient_and_considerate.
2．说实话，那是苏的错，但李也应受批评。(fault)(2012·江苏·书面表达)
To_be_honest，it_was_Su’s_fault，but_Li_was_also_to_blame.
3．我认为我们在公共场合都应该注意自己的行为。(behavior)(2012·福建·书面表达)
I_think_all_of_us_should_mind_our_behavior_in_public_places.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．Though he was told it was hard to find a job there，he still decided to take_a_chance.
2．—I wonder if I could use your typewriter.
—Sure，go_ahead.
3．—How did you find this important letter
—Quite by_accident.
4．My brother never misses a class even_if he is ill and has a high fever.
5．He has been asked to account_for his absence.
1 bring up抚养；培养 raise ；提出 put forward ；教育 educate ；呕吐
bring about引起；导致
bring down降低；减少
bring in带进来；有收入；赚得；引入
bring out使显现；阐明；出版
bring forth产生
He left her to bring up three young children on her own.
他留下她独自抚养3个年幼的孩子。
The new plan will bring down the inflation rate.
新计划将降低通货膨胀率。
夯实基础
用bring短语的适当形式填空
(1)The discussion came alive when an interesting topic was_brought_in.
(2)The prices have_been_brought_down so far.
(3)He was so sick that he brought_up everything.
(4)Immediately after the book was_brought_out，it became a best seller.
2 go ahead前进；干吧；说吧
go up上涨；上升；攀登
go against违反；违背
go by流逝；根据……决定，遵循
go all out to do...全力去做……
go without忍受某事物的缺乏
go off爆炸；离去； 警报器等 突然发出巨响
go after追求；设法获得
The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.
新桥的修建将按计划进行。
If they prove that I was wrong，then I’ll go by what they say.
如果他们能证明我不对，我就听他们的。
夯实基础
用go短语的适当形式填空
(1)Then the fire alarm went_off；I just grabbed my clothes and ran out.
(2)As time went_by，they realized the importance.
(3)Three villages have gone_without water for days.
(4)She starts to go_after him when Jack appears.
3 by accident偶然；无意中；不小心 by chance
by no means绝不
by mistake错误地，无意地
by design故意地
by means of凭借；通过
by the hour按小时
by weight按重量
And they came across it by accident.
他们也是偶然才发现这一点的。
Thoughts are expressed by means of words.
思想借助言语来表达。
夯实基础
用by的相关短语填空
(1)This doesn’t happen by accident；it happens by_design.
(2)He succeeded by_means_of perseverance.
(3)By_no_means will this method produce satisfactory results.
(4)I got on the wrong bus by_mistake.
4 on the contrary相反；反之
to the contrary与此相反地 的
be contrary to与……相反；违反；对抗
quite/just the contrary恰恰相反
—I heard you’ve changed your job.
—On the contrary，I’m still with the same company.
——我听说你换工作了。
——正好相反，我还在同一家公司。
Contrary to the doctor’s advice，he went swimming.
他不听医生的忠告，跑去游泳。
夯实基础
(1)用contrary短语的适当形式填空
①You didn’t bother me.On_the_contrary/Just_(Quite)_the_contrary，I like your company.
②I admit that your opinion is_contrary_to mine.
(2)翻译句子
我没有相反的证据。
I_have_no_evidence_to_the_contrary.
5 take a chance冒险；碰运气
by chance碰巧；偶然
by any chance万一；也许
seize/grab a chance抓住机会
The Chances are that...可能……
There is a chance that...可能……
chance to do...碰巧做……
Another suggestion is to give us more chances to practice speaking.
另一个建议是给我们更多的机会练习说英语。(2012·四川·书面表达)
Andy knew the risks.I cannot believe he would have chanced it.
安迪知道有风险，我不敢相信他竟然甘冒其险。
夯实基础
同义句改写
(1)I ran into her by chance one night and got her e mail address.(用不定式改写句子)
_I_chanced_to_run_into_her_one_night_and_got_her_e mail_address.
(2)Chances are that you will pass the exam.(用there be结构改写句子)
There_is_a_chance_that_you_will_pass_the_exam.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Classical music achieves a simplicity that only a genius can create，________ popular belief that it is too complex.
A．subject to B．contrary to
C．familiar to D．similar to
答案　B
解析　句意为：古典音乐追求的是只有天才才能创造的简易美，而不是人们普遍认为的复杂化。contrary to与……相反。
2．You can’t judge a person by his dressing because not all who are________are beggars；some even are millionaires.
A．in rags B．in short
C．in public D．in black
答案　A
解析　考查固定短语。从题干中的some even are millionaires可推知前半句的意思是：你不能根据穿着来判断一个人，因为不是所有衣衫褴褛的人都是乞丐。in rags衣衫褴褛；in short总之；in public公开地；in black穿着黑色衣服。
3．—Do you both agree with me about the arrangement of the meeting
—He quite agrees with you.________，I am not so satisfied with it.
A．As a result B．As follows
C．As for me D．As usual
答案　C
解析　下句句意为：他很同意你的意见。至于我对此事不是那么满意。as for至于，关于。
4．—Most people believe that difficult situations can often________the best in a person.
—I can’t agree more.
A．bring out B．bring up
C．bring about D．bring in
答案　A
解析　考查短语辨析。bring out使显现，使表现出。句意为：——绝大部分人认为，困境能够促使一个人显出最优秀的一面。——我非常同意你的观点。bring up养育；bring about使发生，致使；bring in生产，挣得，介绍，引进。
5．Success in life doesn’t happen________.It’s the result of devoting your time and energy to what you’ve set out to do.
A．by force B．by design
C．by accident D．by choice
答案　C
解析　考查介词短语辨析。句意为：人生的成功不是偶然而至的，它是将时间与精力投入到你决心要做的事情之后的结果。by force用武力；by design故意地；by accident偶然地；by choice出于选择。从语意判断选C。
Ⅱ.汉译英
相反，志愿者们坚持说他们已经厌倦了地球上的生活。(on the contrary)(2013·广东·基础写作)
On_the_contrary，volunteers_insist_that_they_have_got_tired_of_the_life_on_the_earth.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．When she came to herself，she found_herself_lying_in_hospital(发现自己躺在医院里)．
2．It_is_in_Beijing_University_that(是在北京大学) Jane is now studying art.
3．Wherever_he_is(无论他身在何处)，he will help whoever needs help.
4．Talking_and_laughing(有说有笑地)，the children walked one by one into the classroom.
5．Well，it_is_well known(众所周知) that Americans like to eat a lot.
You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.您想来的时候就一定得来呀！在这儿，无论您想吃点什么，都是可以的。
1 whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。
2 whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
3 “no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。
As a child，I always hoped that I could grow up as soon as possible so that I could have whatever I wanted and do whatever I liked.
小时候，我总是希望自己快快长大，这样我就可以拥有想要的任何东西，做喜欢做的任何事情。 (2010·四川·书面表达)
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
Whatever happens，I will stand by you.(用“no matter＋疑问词”改写句子)
No_matter_what_happens，I_will_stand_by_you.
(2)翻译句子
无论何时你需要帮助，打电话给我。
Whenever_you_need_some_help，give_me_a_call.
用宾语从句或表语从句完成下列句子
(1)Where is the post office？He doesn’t know that.
→He doesn’t know where_the_post_office_is.
(2)How should we do the work？Did she say anything about it
→Did she say anything about how_we_should_do_the_work
(3)Will that man turn up in time？It’s a question.
→The question is whether_that_man_will_turn_up_in_time.
(4)Yesterday’s game makes me feel excited.
→Yesterday’s game is what_makes_me_feel_excited.
(5)He told me something that I should read.
→He told me what_I_should_read.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．This is a very interesting book.I’ll buy it，________.
A．how much may it cost
B．no matter how it may cost
C．however much it may cost
D．how may it cost
答案　C
解析　句意为：这是本有趣的书。无论它可能会花多少钱，我都买它。A项错在用了倒装语序；B项错误在于遗漏了much；D项也遗漏了no matter...much。
2．As his best friend，I can make accurate guesses about ________ he will do or think.
A．what B．which C．whom D．that
答案　A
解析　介词about后的宾语从句中缺少连接词，从句中的谓语动词do和think又缺少宾语，所以只有A项符合题意。
3．The police arrived at the spot ________ they found the evidence.
A．whose B．that C．which D．where
答案　D
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．上周一，我们正在上语文课，老师忽然滑了一下摔倒了。(be doing...when)
(2011·北京·情景作文)
Last_Monday,_we_were_having_our_Chinese_class_when_the_teacher_suddenly_slipped_and_fell.
2．每当我们遇到困难时，他们总是来帮助我们。(whenever引导让步状语从句)
Whenever_we_met_with_difficulties，they_came_to_help_us.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered________a long lost antique Greek vase. (2013·湖北，30)
A．at random B．by chance
C．in turn D．on occasion
答案　B
解析　句意为：最近乘渡船去南部岛屿旅行的一位艺术家偶然发现了一个久已失传的希腊特有花瓶。A项意为“任意地，随便地”；B项意为“偶然地；意外地”；C项意为“依次；轮流地”；D项意为“有时；间或”。由句意可知B项正确。
2．Whenever I made mistakes，the teacher pointed them out with ________.(2013·江西，22)
A．curiosity B．satisfaction
C．envy D．patience
答案　D
解析　本题考查名词词义辨析。curiosity 好奇心；satisfaction满意；envy忌妒；patience耐心。根据句意“每当我犯错的时候，老师总是耐心地指出我的错误”可知D项意义合适。
3．The party will be held in the garden，weather________. (2012·大纲全国Ⅰ，28)
A．permitting B．to permit
C．permitted D．permit
答案　A
解析　句意为：如果天气允许的话，聚会将在花园里举行。weather permitting是独立主格形式，相当于if引导的条件状语从句，即if weather permits。
4．Scientists study ________ human brains work to make computers. (2012·四川，17)
A．when B．how
C．that D．whether
答案　B
解析　考查名词性从句。句意为：科学家研究人类大脑如何工作以制造电脑。根据句意可知选B。
5．Born into a family with three brothers，David was________to value the sense of sharing. (2011·福建，31)
A．brought up B．turned down
C．looked after D．held back
答案　A
解析　句意为：出生在一个有三个哥哥的家庭里，戴维被教导要重视分享意识。bring up养育，抚养，教育，教导；turn down拒绝，(把声音等)调低；look after照料，照看；hold back阻挡，妨碍，控制(感情)，隐瞒不讲。根据句意可知A项正确。
6．Passengers are permitted________only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
(2011·天津，7)
A．to carry B．carrying
C．to be carried D．being carried
答案　A
解析　句意为：乘客只被允许带一件手提行李登机。该题考查permit的固定搭配be permitted to do sth.(被允许做某事)的用法。再根据passengers与carry之间的主动关系可确定选A项。
7．—I probably shouldn’t have any more cake.
—Oh，________.It won’t kill you. (2011·辽宁，35)
A．go ahead B．hold on，please
C．you’re welcome D．that’ll do
答案　A
解析　句意为：——我或许不应该再吃蛋糕了。——噢，吃吧。吃点儿蛋糕对你来说算 不了什么。根据句意，此处是鼓励对方吃点儿蛋糕，所以选go ahead(吃吧；做吧；说 吧；干吧)。