人教新课标高考英语一轮复习必修3 Unit 5 Canada – “The True North”

Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．chat /t t/ vi.& n．聊天；闲聊
2．aboard / ′b d/ prep.& adv.在船、飞机、火车或公共汽车上
3．within /wI′ In/ prep.在……之内
4．topic /′t pIk/ n．话题
5．scenery /′si n rI/ n．景色；风景
6．urban /′ b n/ adj.城市的；市镇的
7．confirm /k n′f m/ vt.证实；证明；批准
8．broad /′br d/ adj.宽阔的；广泛的
9．nearby /′nI baI/ adv.在附近；adj.附近的；邻近的
10．baggage /′b ɡId / n．行李→luggage (同义词)n.行李
11．surround /s ′ra nd/ vt.包围；围绕→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n．环境
12．measure /′me / vi.& vt.测量；衡量；判定；n.计量制；计量单位；措施→measured adj.量过的；精确的→measurement n．衡量；测量
13．slight /slaIt/ adj.轻微的；微小的→slightly adv.稍稍；轻微地
14．mix /mIks/ vt.& vi.混合；调配→mixed adj.混合的→mixture n．混合(物)；混合状态
15．wealthy /′welθI/ adj.富有的→wealth n．财富；财产
16．tradition /tr ′dI n/ n．传统；风俗→traditional adj.传统的，惯例的
17．terrify /′terIfaI/ vt.使恐怖；恐吓→terrified adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的
18．impress /Im′pres/ vt.使印象深刻；使铭记→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的→impression n．印象；感觉；感想
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．rather_than与其；不愿
2．settle_down定居；平静下来；专心于
3．manage_to_do设法做
4．catch_sight_of看见；瞥见
5．have_a_gift_for对……有天赋
6．in_the_distance在远处
7．all_the_way一直
8．as_far_as远到；直到
9．go_through穿过；检查
10．at_dawn在黎明时
11．go_downtown去商业区
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．Rather_than_take_the_aeroplane_all_the_way，they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada.
她们不想一路乘飞机，而决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。
2．People say it is Canada’s most beautiful city，surrounded_by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.
人们说它是加拿大最美的城市，被山和太平洋环绕。
3．It_is_so_wet_there_that the trees are extremely tall，some measuring over 90 metres.
那里的空气如此湿润以致于那儿的树非常的高，有的高达90米。
4．Because of the Great Lakes，they learned，Canada has more_fresh_water_than_any_other_
country in the world.
她们知道，因为有五大湖，加拿大的淡水比世界上任何其他国家都多。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．You are only slightly(slight) underweight for your height.
2．The overall measurement(measure) of this hall is 800 square metres.
3．The town’s water comes from the surrounding(surround) hills.
4．Hearing the sound the children were terrified(terrify) out of their senses.
5．His collection of paintings is the most impressive(impress)．
6．I am very pleased(please) with the quality of your work.
7．He became wealthy(wealth) through hard work and careful saving.
8．Do you like traditional(tradition) Chinese art using brush and ink
1 surround vt.围绕；环绕
surround...with...使……包围……
be surrounded with/by被……包围
surrounding adj.周围的
surroundings n.环境
The small churchyard was surrounded by a rusted iron fence.
不大的教堂墓地周边围着一圈生锈的铁栅栏。
When the car stopped in the town square it was surrounded by soldiers and militiamen.
当汽车停在城镇广场时立刻被士兵和民兵包围了。
夯实基础
用surround的适当形式填空
(1)The surrounding villages have been absorbed by the growing city.
(2)Some insects take on the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.
(3)He tried to run away but gave up when he found himself surrounded.
2 measure vt. & vi.测量；衡量，判定 价值等 assess ；n.尺度；措施，方法 action
take measures/steps/action to do...采取措施做……
make sth.to one’s measure照某人的尺寸做某物
in some measure在某种程度上
take one’s measure给某人量尺寸
measure...by...用……来衡量……
Do you measure the distance between those two development areas
你们测量了那两个开发区之间的距离了吗？
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)Please make a suit to_my_measure(按我的尺寸)．
(2)His success was in_some_measure(在某种程度上) due to his being in the right place at the right time.
3 manage v.管理 control ； 尤指勉为其难地 做到，达到 succeed in doing sth.
manage to do...设法做……
manage with...用……对付过去
manage it能做到
Do you believe you can manage to finish the work in an hour
你认为你能在一小时内完成这项工作吗？
词义辨析　manage，succeed，try
(1)manage意思是“设法成功地做了”，句型是manage to do。
(2)succeed意为“成功”，句型为 succeed in doing。
(3)try后接不定式，表示“设法去做、努力去做”，但是不定式的动作或状态未必一定能实现。try doing表示“尝试着做……”。
夯实基础
用manage，succeed，try的适当形式填空
(1)How do you manage to stay so slim
(2)At last they succeeded in publishing the book both at home and abroad.
(3)He tried to come to our party，but he was too busy at that time.
4 mix v.使混合；掺和 combine A and B together
mix A and B　将A和B混合
mix with sb.和某人交往
be mixed up in/with卷入，牵涉进去
mix up弄乱
mix...up with...误以为……是；弄错
get mixed up弄糊涂了
Oil does not mix with water.油不融于水。
They don’t mix much with the neighbors.
他们不怎么与邻居交往。
夯实基础
用mix的适当形式填空
(1)The city is a mixture of old and new buildings.
(2)I don’t want to be mixed up in such a business.
5 terrify v．使恐惧；恐吓(make sb. feel extremely frightened)
terrify sb.into doing...吓唬某人做……
be terrified of害怕；吓唬
be terrified at/with对……感到恐惧
terrifying adj.可怕的
The thought of dying slowly and painfully terrified me.
缓慢而痛苦地死去的想法使我恐惧不已。
He was terrified of heights.他恐高。
夯实基础
用terrify的适当形式填空
(1)I’m terrified to think about the fact that my mother will die someday.
(2)I still find it terrifying to find myself surrounded by large numbers of horses.
6 pleased adj.高兴的；愉快的
be pleased to do...高兴做……
be pleased with/at/about 对……满意 高兴
for pleasure为了好玩
with pleasure很乐意 回答对方的请求
It’s a pleasure. My pleasure. 不用谢。
I am convinced that you will be pleased enough to hear the following.
我相信你听到下面的消息会很高兴。(2012·天津·书面表达)
We will be pleased to offer any assistance you need.
我们将非常乐意提供你需要的任何帮助。
夯实基础
用please的适当形式填空
(1)This area of France has a pleasing climate in August.
(2)Watching sport gave him great pleasure.
(3)I have seldom seen my mother so pleased with my progress as she is now.
7 impress v.使印象深刻；使铭记 have a great effect on ；使意识到 make sb. understand...
impress...on...把……印在……上
impress sth.on/upon sb.＝impress sb.with sth.使某人牢记某事
be impressed by/with sth.对……印象深刻
leave/make/create a/an...impression on sb.给某人留下……的印象
What impressed him most was their speed.
最令他佩服的是他们的速度。
I was very impressed by one young man at my lectures.来听我课的一个年轻人给我留下了很深的印象。
夯实基础
用impress的适当形式填空
(1)The film’s special effects are particularly impressive.
(2)I was very impressed by the efficiency of the staff.
(3)The book left a deep impression on him.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．The baby was playing on the carpet ________ by all kinds of toys.
A．surrounding B．surrounded
C．surrounds D．having surrounded
答案　B
解析　由句子结构可知此处应使用非谓语动词可排除C项；再由the baby与surround之间是被动关系可排除A、D两项；此处是过去分词短语作定语，故选B。
2．The classroom ________ 30 feet long and 20 feet wide.
A．measures B．is measured
C．has D．has length
答案　A
解析　measure vi.(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为……。
3．Your house is always so neat—how do you ________ it with three children
A．manage B．serve
C．adapt D．construct
答案　A
解析　句意为：你家里总是那么整洁——家里有三个孩子，你是怎么设法做到的？表示“设法做成某事”用manage it。serve表示“为……服务，接待”；adapt表示“使适应，使适合”；construct表示“建造，构筑，构思”。
4．People often mix him up ________ his brother.
A．with B．in C．to D．at
答案　A
解析　mix sb.up with sb.else意为“把……看作是(另一人)”。
5．—When do you think the president will ________ you in office
—Probably next Monday.
A．prove B．suggest
C．confirm D．announce
答案　C
解析　confirm sb.in office批准某人就职。
6．The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a ________ of 60 miles.
A．length B．distance
C．way D．space
答案　B
解析　“a distance of＋数字”表示“……的距离”。
7.The ________ look on the actress’ face showed that she was greatly ________.
A．terrified；terrifying B．terrified；terrified
C．terrifying；terrifying D．terrifying；terrified
答案　B
解析　句意为：女演员脸上恐惧的表情表明她非常害怕。terrified感到害怕的，符合句意。
8．—Would you please help me with the box
—________
A．Yes，please.
B．No，please don’t.
C．With pleasure.
D．My pleasure.
答案　C
解析　对于对方的求助应用C项回答，意为“很乐意提供帮助”。如果给对方提供了帮助，对方表示感谢，则用D项回答。
9．The whole nation was________by the young generation’s excellent performances when the disaster happened.
A．remembered B．forgotten
C．honoured D．impressed
答案　D
解析　考查动词辨析。句意为：当灾难降临时，年轻一代的出色表现给全国人民留下了深刻印象。impress使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象。honour尊敬，给予荣誉。
10．They went ________ the ship just before it started to leave.
A．aboard B．board
C．aboard on D．board on
答案　A
解析　go aboard the ship或go on board the ship是固定说法，意为“上船”。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．我们是敷衍了事呢还是采取实际措施保护它呢？(measure)(2013·江苏·书面表达)
Should_we_just_pay_lip_service_or_take_practical_measures_to_protect_it
2．2012年，他通过网上学习成功拿到了第四个学位。(manage)(2012·广东·基础写作)
In_2012，he_managed_to_get_his_fourth_degree_by_network_learning.
3．只有这样我们才能生活在更美丽更舒适的环境里。(surroundings)(2012·福建·书面表达)
Only_in_this_way_can_we_live_in_more_comfortable_and_beautiful_surroundings.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．I can’t go_through the book in one day.
2．Church bells rang in_the_distance.
3．Mother has_a_gift_for making anybody who comes to our house feel at home.
4．Rather_than get money in such a dishonest way，he would be a poor man.
5．It was just that casual glimpse that made him catch_sight_of Thomson，whom he hadn’t seen for a long time.
1 rather than宁愿……而不愿……；而不是……；与其……倒不如……
would rather do...than do...＝ would do...rather than do...宁愿做……而不愿做……
would rather＋从句，宁愿…… 从句中用一般过去时表示与现在、将来事实相反的虚拟，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的假设
prefer to do...rather than do...宁愿做……而不愿做……
other than除了……以外
or rather更确切地说
Things are getting better rather than worse.
事情没有在恶化，而是在好转。
She would rather die than give a speech.
她宁愿死也不愿意演讲。
夯实基础
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)The boy prefers to_play(play) rather than study_(study)．
(2)I would rather you came(come) tomorrow.
(3)Rather than allow_(allow) the fruits to go bad，he sold them at reduced prices.
(4)I would rather you had_told(told) me the truth yesterday.
2 catch sight of看见；瞥见
lose sight of看不见；忘记
in/within sight视线之内
out of sight在视线之外
at first sight乍一看
at the sight of一看见……
lose one’s sight失明
I caught sight of my old friend in town today.
我今天在城里看见我的老朋友了。
Never lose sight of your original aim.
永远不要忘记你最初的目标。
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)At_the_sight_of_her(一看见她)，his heart beat faster.
(2)She lost_her_sight(失明了) in a riding accident.
3 have a gift for对……有天赋(be talented/gifted in)
gifted adj.有天赋的；天才的
have a talent for有……天赋
They believed the unborn child was a gift from God.
他们认为腹中的孩子是上帝赐予的礼物。
As a youth he discovered a gift for teaching.
他年轻时就表现出教书的天赋。
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
He is a boy of many gifts.
He is a gifted boy.
(2)翻译句子
约翰有绘画的天赋。
John_has_a_gift/talent_for_painting.
4 as far as远至；就……而言
as far as sb.be concerned在某人看来
as far as sb.know s /tell s 就某人所知
as long as 和……一样长；只要
as many/much/little/few as和……一样多 少
as...as possible尽可能地……
As far as I know，they quarreled very often at that time.
就我所知，那时他们经常吵架。
夯实基础
—How far apart do they live
—________ I know，they live in the same neighborhood.
A．As long as B．As far as
C．As well as D．As often as
答案　B
解析　as far as I know据我所知。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．—You seemed to have been impressed by his songs.
—Well，not exactly so.It was his way of singing ________ his voice that really impressed me.
A．rather than B．other than
C．together with D．but also
答案　A
解析　答句句意为：……是他的演唱方式而不是他的嗓音让我印象深刻。rather than而不是，符合句意。other than除了……之外；together with和……一起；but also而且。
2．Catching ________ sight of two policemen coming，the thief swiftly went out of ________ sight.
A．the；/ B．/；the
C．the；the D．/；/
答案　D
解析　考查固定短语：catch sight of，out of sight。
3．My father has a ________ for playing the piano，which has a great influence on me.
A．gift B．present
C．ability D．skill
答案　A
解析　考查固定短语：have a gift for有……天赋。
4．It’s getting dark.We’d better find a hotel and ________.
A．set out B．settle down
C．make out D．move down
答案　B
解析　考查短语辨析。句意为：天渐渐黑了，我们最好找个宾馆住下来。settle down安定下来，在此指“住下来”。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．我们应该严格并自愿地遵守交通规则，做到红灯停，而不是一味地抱怨交通堵塞。(rather than) (2013·江苏·书面表达)
We_should_strictly_and_voluntarily_follow_traffic_rules，stopping_at_the_red_light_rather_
than_complaining_about_traffic_jams.
2．就我所知，你的基金会能帮助那些处于绝种边缘的物种。(as far as sb.know)
(2013·重庆·写作二)
As_far_as_I_know，your_foundation_can_help_those_species_that_are_at_the_edge_of_
distinction.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．He has_been_studying(一直在学习)in America since 2010.
2．The decorations were absolutely beautiful and what’s_more(而且)，the children had made them themselves.
3．She was_looking_forward_to_seeing(盼望着见到) the grandchildren again.
4．As_far_as_I_know(就我所知)，our football team is more advanced than theirs.
5．Rather_than(而不是) telephone him，I decided to write him a letter.
1 It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall，some measuring over 90 metres.那儿湿气大，树木极高，有些树高度超过90米。
some measuring over 90 metres为独立主格结构，在句中作状语。独立主格结构由“逻辑主语＋逻辑谓语”构成，逻辑主语由名词或主格代词构成，逻辑谓语可以是名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词、介词短语、不定式、分词等构成。
Leaves falling here and there，I suddenly notice autumn is drawing upon.
树叶到处飘着，我一下子意识到秋天来临了。
His dinner eaten alone，Philip walked straight into the library.
独自一个人吃完饭后，菲利普径直走进图书馆。
夯实基础
把下列句子改为独立主格结构
(1)Because he is ill，we’ll have to do his work.
He_being_ill，we’ll_have_to_do_his_work.
(2)After the ceremony was over，we went home directly.
The_ceremony_over，we_went_home_directly.
(3)When George yawned，the conversation dropped.
George_yawning，the_conversation_dropped.
(4)His first shot was a failure and Dyke fired again.
His_first_shot_a_failure，Dyke_fired_again.
2 They were not leaving for Montreal until later，so they went on a tour of the city.她们要晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔，因此就在多伦多市内游览了一番。
until的用法：
1 引导时间状语从句，如果主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么这个主句需用肯定式。若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定式，构成not...until结构。
2 在not...until句型结构中，可以把not until提到句首，句子用倒装语序。
3 not...until...句型的强调句式为：It is/was not until...that...。
If I ride a bike，I’ll always keep to the right and never cross a road until the traffic light turns green.
如果我骑自行车，我总是靠右走，直到交通灯变绿才过马路。(2013·安徽·书面表达)
夯实基础
根据要求完成句子
I didn’t leave until he came.
(1)Not_until_he_came_did_I_leave.(改成倒装句)
(2)It_was_not_until_he_came_that_I_left.(用强调句型强调until部分)
用同位语从句改写下列句子
(1)They are familiar with the opinion.All matter consists of atoms.
→They are familiar with the opinion that_all_matter_consists_of_atoms.
(2)Where did you get the idea？I could not come.
→Where did you get the idea that_I_could_not_come
(3)We haven’t yet settled the question.Where are we going to spend our summer vacation
→We haven’t yet settled the question where_we_are_going_to_spend_our_summer_
vacation.
(4)The suggestion came from the chairman.The new rule should be adopted.
→The suggestion came from the chairman that_the_new_rule_should_be_adopted.
(5)They were delighted at the news.Their team had won.
→They were delighted at the news that_their_team_had_won.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．________ Sunday，rather than ________ at home，I preferred ________.
A．It being；stay；to travel
B．Being；to stay；to travel
C．Having been；stay；travel
D．It was；to stay；traveling
答案　A
解析　It being Sunday为独立主格结构作状语；prefer to do...rather than do...宁愿做……而不愿做……。
2．Not until Jane got off the bus ________ her wallet missing.
A．did she find B．she found
C．didn’t she find D．she didn’t find
答案　A
解析　not until引导时间状语从句置于句首时，主句中的谓语动词应部分倒装。
3．There is clear evidence ________ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.
A．what B．if C．how D．that
答案　D
解析　分析句子结构可知空格处引导的是evidence的同位语从句，从句结构和意义完整，故用that引导。
Ⅱ.汉译英
事实上，直到我上中学被选为班长时我才意识到它的重要性。(not...until...)
(2011·湖北·短文写作)
In_fact，I_didn’t_realize_its_importance_until_I_was_chosen_monitor_of_my_class_in_my_
senior_middle_school.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．If what your friend comes up with surprises you，don’t reject it immediately.________，imagine that it is true. (2013·浙江，18)
A．Thus B．Besides
C．Rather D．Otherwise
答案　C
解析　rather表示“相反”，即“先不要拒绝，相反把它想象成是真的”。thus因此；besides除此之外还有；otherwise否则，均不合题意。故此题选C项。
2．There are a small number of people involved，possibly ________ twenty.(2013·江西，26)
A．as few as B．as little as
C．as many as D．as much as
答案　A
解析　本题考查as...as...结构。句意为：牵涉其中的只有少数人，可能只有20人。根据句意可知，强调少的概念，故选A。
3．It was not until near the end of the letter________she mentioned her own plan.(2013·天津，11)
A．that B．where C．why D．when
答案　A
解析　考查强调句型。结构为It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分，此处是not until的强调句型。
4．My first ________ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.(2012·山东，24)
A．expression B．attention
C．satisfaction D．impression
答案　D
解析　expression表情，词语；attention注意(力)，专心，关注；satisfaction满意，满足；impression印象。由题干中的关键信息“he was a kind and thoughtful young man”可推知这是“我”对他的“印象”。句意为：他给我的第一印象就是，他是一个和善且关心别人的年轻人。
5．There is much truth in the idea________kindness is usually served by frankness.
(2012·上海，34)
A．why B．which
C．that D．whether
答案　C
解析　考查同位语从句。that引导同位语从句，补充说明idea的具体内容。句意为：通常来说，仁慈才有坦率，这样的理念中含有诸多的真理。
6．There’s a ________ in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday，they bring in a cake for us all to share. (2011·山东，34)
A．tradition B．balance
C．concern D．relationship
答案　A
解析　句意为：在我们办公室有一个传统，那就是在某一个人过生日时，那个人就带一个蛋糕到办公室和大家一起分享。tradition传统；balance平衡；concern关心；relationship关系。根据句意知选A。
7．In ancient times，people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled ________ the local market. (2010·上海，30)
A．longer than B．more than
C．as much as D．as far as
答案　D
解析　根据动词travel可判断此处应填关于路程的词组，本题即为as far as。as far as远到……。