人教新课标高考英语一轮复习必修4 Unit 1 Women of achievement

Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．welfare /′welfe / n．福利；福利事业
2．shade / eId/ n．荫；阴凉处；vt.遮住光线
3．worthwhile / w θ′waIl/ adj.值得的；值得做的
4．childhood /′t aIldh d/ n．幼年；幼年时代
5．outspoken /a t′sp k n/ adj.直言的；坦诚
6．support /s ′p t/ n．& vt.支持；拥护
7．refer /rI′f / vi.谈到；参考；查阅
8．career /k ′rI / n．事业；生涯
9．emergency /I′m d nsI/ n．突发事件；紧急情况
10．generation / d en ′reI n/ n．一代，一辈
11．project /′pr d ekt/ n．项目；工程；规划
12．respect /rI′spekt/ vt.& n．尊敬；尊重；敬意
13．modest /′m dIst/ adj.谦虚的，谦让的；适度的
14．achievement / ′t i vm nt/ n．成就；功绩→achieve vt.完成，成就；达成
15．connection /k ′nek n/ n．连接；关系→connect v．连接；衔接
16．organization / ɡ naI′zeI n/ n．组织；机构；团体→organize vt.组织；安排→organized adj.被组织化的，有组织的
17．behave /bI′heIv/ vt.& vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现→behaviour n．行为
18．observe / b′z v/ vt.观察；观测；遵守→observation n．观察；观测
19．specialist /′spe lIst/ n．专家；专业工作者→special adj.专门的，专攻的
20．argue /′ɑ ɡju / vt.& vi.讨论；辩论；争论→argument n．争论；争辩；争吵
21．entertainment / ent ′teInm nt/ n．款待；娱乐；娱乐表演→entertain v．款待(客人)，请客；招待
22．crowd /kra d/ n．人群；观众；vt.挤满；使拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的
23．inspire /In′spaI / vt.鼓舞；激发；启示→inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞
24．intend /In′tend/ vt.计划；打算→intended adj.有意的；有计划的→intention n．意向，意志
25．considerate /k n′sId r t/ adj.考虑周到的→consideration n．考虑；体谅
26．deliver /dI′lIv / vt.递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)→delivery n．递送，发送；递送品
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．care_for照顾，照看；喜爱
2．move_off离开；起程；出发
3．lead_a．..life过着……的生活
4．crowd_in(想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海
5．look_down_upon/on蔑视；瞧不起
6．refer_to查阅；参考；谈到
7．by_chance碰巧，凑巧
8．come_across(偶然)遇见；碰见
9．carry_on继续；坚持
10．be_intended_for打算给……用
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．She also worked hard to_make_as_many_countries_as_possible_agree_not_to_use_them.
她努力使尽可能多的国家不同意使用它们。
2．Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was_she_allowed to begin her project.
她母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
3．Once_I_stop，it all comes crowding_in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.
我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室的黑猩猩。
4．Suddenly it_hit_me_how_difficult_it_was for a woman to get medical training at that time.
突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。
5．It was still not too late for me to_improve_my_studies，prepare_for the university entrance examinations.
对我来说，提高我的学习，准备大学入学考试仍然不算晚。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．I felt a great sense of achievement(achieve) when I reached the top of the mountain.
2．A good student must connect(connection) what he reads with what he sees around him.
3．The organization(organize) of such a large scale party takes a lot of time and energy.
4．I like her attitude very much，and the behaviour(behave) of the other students shows that they like her，too.
5．She observed(observation) a man breaking into the bank and she reported it to the police at once.
6．Books offered an excellent entertainment(entertain) for idle hours.
7．It is considerate(consider) of you to call on me from time to time.
8．I think it would be a kindness(kind) to tell him the bad news straight away.
1 condition n.状态，状况；环境，境况；条件
in/under...conditions处于……情况下
in condition身体好；状态好
out of condition身体不好；状态不佳
on condition that...条件是……
on no condition决不
The MP4 is in good condition，looking like the newly bought one.
这台MP4状况良好，就跟新买的一样。(2012·重庆·书面表达)
夯实基础
(1)用适当的介、副词填空
①The nearest hotel is in good condition.
②On no condition do I make an apology to him.
(2)翻译句子
①你决不能把发生的事情告诉他。
On_no_condition_must_you_tell_him_what_happened.
②你可以借这辆自行车，条件是明天必须归还。
You_can_use_the_bicycle_on_condition_that_you_return_it_tomorrow.
2 observe v.看到；注意到；观察；遵守；庆祝
observe sb.do/doing sth.观察某人做过/正在做某事
observe the customs遵守习俗
make an observation of对……进行观察
His neighbour observed a stranger go (going) to his house.
他的邻居注意到一个陌生人进了他的房子。
American forces are observing Christmas quietly.
美国部队正在悄悄地庆祝圣诞节。
特别提醒
在被动语态中，observe后充当补足语的不带to的动词不定式中的to要还原出来，即sb./sth.is observed to do sth.。
夯实基础
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)When I passed his house，I observed him playing(play) in his yard.
(2)He is often observed to_cheat(cheat)at cards.
3 respect vt. & n.尊敬；尊重；敬意 have a good opinion of...or admire...
have/show respect for＝pay respect to尊敬；尊重
give/send respects to sb.向某人问候
in some respects在某些方面
in respect of＝with respect to关于，就……来说
respectable adj.可敬的
respectful adj.尊敬他人的
Consequently，those who do those most insignificant jobs should get respect as much as those being engineers or teachers.
所以，那些从事最微不足道工作的人应该得到同工程师和教师一样的尊重。
(2013·广东·读写任务)
His work is good in respect of quality but bad in respect of quantity.他的工作质量好但数量不够。
夯实基础
用respect短语的适当形式填空
(1)We often show_respect_for our leader，who is always showing a great deal of concern for us.
(2)I am writing in_respect_of the complaint you made last week.
(3)In_some_respects I don’t agree with you completely.
4 inspire v.激励；鼓舞；激起；唤起；启示
inspire sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
inspire sb.with...＝inspire sth.in sb.激起 唤起 某人的 感情、思想等
inspiring adj.振奋人心的，令人鼓舞的
inspired adj.获得灵感的，受到启示的
inspiration n.灵感
By visiting schools，the actors hope to inspire children to put on their own productions.
演员希望通过访问学校鼓励孩子们演出自己的作品。
夯实基础
用inspire的适当形式填空
(1)She had a sudden inspiration.
(2)She was one of the most inspiring people I’ve ever met.
(3)I was inspired to work harder than ever before.
5 support v.赞成；拥护；供养；抚养；n.赞成，拥护；支持
support/raise one’s family养家
support/be in favor of one’s suggestion赞同某人的建议
in support of支持
I will support myself after graduation from college.
我大学毕业后要自力更生。
Mr.Wang spoke in support of the proposal.
王先生发言支持该项提议。
夯实基础
同义句改写
I will support you for ever whenever it is.
(1)I_will_stand_by_you_for_ever_whenever_it_is.(用stand短语改写句子)
(2)I_will_be_in_favor_of_you_for_ever_whenever_it_is.(用favor短语改写句子)
(3)I_will_be_in_support_of_you_for_ever_whenever_it_is.(用support短语改写句子)
6 intend vt.打算；计划 plan ；想要 want ；意指 mean
intend to do/doing sth.打算、意图做某事
intend sb.to do...意图让某人做某事
be intended for/to do...旨在，预定……用途；为……打算的
had intended to do...＝ intended to have done...本打算做……
She intends to do A levels and go to university.
她计划先参加高级考试，然后去读大学。
This book is intended for children.
这本书是供孩子们用的。
夯实基础
同义句改写
(1)They intended that the plan should be put into practice within this year.(改为简单句)
They_intended_the_plan_to_be_put_into_practice_within_this_year.
(2)Peter had intended to take a job in business，but abandoned that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010.(用不定式的完成时改写句子)
Peter_intended_to_have_taken_a_job_in_business，but_abandoned_that_plan_after_the_
unpleasant_experience_in_Canada_in_2010.
7 deliver vt.递送；发表 演说等 ；接生；生 小孩儿
deliver sb./sth.over to sb.把……移交给某人
be delivered of ＝give birth to 生……
deliver sth.to sb.把……传递给某人
deliver a speech发表演说
Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and Nature”．
十个学生将发表关于“人类和自然”的主题演讲。(2010·课标全国·书面表达)
Would you deliver my message to your mother
你可以帮我传口信给你母亲吗？
图解助记
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
She gave birth to a healthy baby.(用deliver短语改写句子)
She_was_delivered_of_a_healthy_baby.
(2)翻译句子
你把我的信交给你父亲了吗？
Did_you_deliver_my_letter_to_your_father
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Keep your car in good ________ and it will drive long.
A．instruction B．position
C．condition D．situation
答案　C
解析　“处于……状况”，只能用condition；B项意为“职位，位置”，为可数名词；D项意为“形势，情况”，与题意不符。
2．Tom，________ yourself.Have you already forgotten the rules I told you
A．behave B．respect
C．consider D．entertain
答案　A
解析　句意为：汤姆，规矩些，难道你忘了我告诉你的规定了吗？behave oneself守规矩。
3．Though having lived abroad for years，many Chinese still ________ the traditional customs.
A．perform B．possess C．observe D．support
答案　C
解析　句意为：许多中国人尽管在国外居住了许多年，仍奉行传统的习俗。observe遵守，奉行，符合句意。
4．Einstein was ________ as the leading scientist of the 20th century.
A．considered B．respected
C．thought of D．all the above
答案　D
解析　be considered as和be thought of as都可以表示“被认为……；被看作……”；be respected as被尊敬为……，被尊称为……。
5．You have ________ too many ideas into one paragraph，so you’d better have some cut.
A．crowded B．poured C．produced D．turned
答案　A
解析　crowd将……挤入(……之中), 充塞(……)(into)，符合句意。
6．All of the students were ________ by the ________ speech given by the headmaster.
A．inspired；inspired B．inspiring；inspiring
C．inspired；inspiring D．inspiring；inspired
答案　C
解析　inspired感到鼓舞的，受到启示的；inspiring令人鼓舞的。
7．The government has lost a great deal of ________ because of the large increase in food price.
A．strength B．support
C．agreement D．vote
答案　B
解析　lose support失去支持。vote作为“选票”解时，是可数名词，所以不能与a great deal of搭配。
8．The film ________ for children turned out to be welcome by people of different ages.
A．used B．intended
C．using D．intending
答案　B
解析　the film与intend从逻辑关系上是被动的，故排除表主动关系的C、D两项。intended for children为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰the film。
9．Heads from Asia and Europe attended the conference and President Xi ________ a speech on the first day.
A．stated B．issued
C．addressed D．delivered
答案　D
解析　deliver a speech发表演讲，为固定搭配。
10．A person of great________can usually achieve his goal.
A．instruction B．information
C．determination D．recognition
答案　C
解析　句意为：有决心的人才会实现目标。determination决心。instruction教导；information信息；recognition认可。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．专家警告说，火星上的生活环境非常艰苦。(condition) (2013·广东·基础写作)
Experts_strongly_warned_that_the_living_conditions_on_the_Mars_are_very_hard.
2．但是英语老师鼓励我，使我意识到应该学好英语。(inspire) (2012·广东·读写任务)
But_my_English_teacher_inspired_me_and_made_me_come_to_realize_that_I_should_learn_English_well.
3．同时，应该鼓励学生养成良好的习惯，举止端庄。(behave) (2011·浙江·书面表达)
At_the_same_time，students_should_be_encouraged_to_develop_good_habits_and_
better_behave_themselves.
4．正如图画所表明的，如果一个人乐于寻找其他的可能性，他就会找到更好的更有益的方式去实现自己的目标。(achieve) (2011·北京·开放作文)
As_indicated_in_the_picture,_if_the_man_is_willing_to_look_for_other_possibilities,_he_can_find_a_better_and_more_rewarding_way_to_achieve_his_goal.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．We shouldn’t look_down_upon the disabled，on the contrary，we should help them as much as we can.
2．I met Jim by_chance on the plane.We hadn’t seen each other for ten years.
3．Although they are rich，they prefer to live/lead_a_simple_life.
4．You may refer_to your notes if you want.
5．Memories crowded_in on me when I saw the film.
1 look down upon/on蔑视；轻视；瞧不起
look up to尊敬；仰慕
look up查阅
look through浏览；仔细查看
look on...as...把……看作……
look into调查；观察
look out for 注意；留神)
I wasn’t successful，so they looked down on me.
我一无所成，所以他们瞧不起我。
No wonder aliens look down on us!
外星人瞧不起我们并不奇怪！
图解助记
夯实基础
用look短语的适当形式填空
(1)You’re a popular girl，Grace，and a lot of the younger ones look_up_to you.
(2)He happened to be looking_through the medical book Gray’s Anatomy at the time.
(3)Look_out_for thieves when you stay there.
(4)A working party has been set up to look_into the problem.
2 refer to查阅；参考 consult ；提到 mention ；指的是 mean ；关系到 be connected to
refer...to...把……提交给……，让……参考……
refer to...as...把……称为……
in/with reference to关于……
for reference以备查阅
In his speech，he referred to a recent trip to Canada.
他在讲演中提到了前不久的加拿大之行。
Our economy is referred to as a free market.
我们的经济被称作自由市场经济。
夯实基础
If you come across an unknown English word，you can ________ your e dictionary to find its meaning.
A．lead to B．contribute to
C．refer to D．adapt to
答案　C
解析　refer to a dictionary查字典。
3 carry on继续；坚持
carry on with继续
carry away拿走；冲走；吸引住
carry back将……送/带回原地；使某人记起
carry out执行；实施；履行；完成
carry through达成；贯彻；使渡过难关
Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work.
她的勇气激发了他继续生活和工作的意愿。
We carried out her instructions precisely.
我们不折不扣地执行了她的指示。
夯实基础
用carry短语的适当形式填空
(1)Carry_on_with your work and try to get it finished while I’m away.
(2)The first thing to be done is to carry_away the earth.
(3)Police say they believe the attacks were carried_out by nationalists.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Some of the students have already learned enough English to________a conversation with a native English speaker.
A．carry on B．keep on
C．go on D．hold on
答案　A
解析　考查动词词义辨析。carry on a conversation进行对话。keep on继续；go on继续，开始运行；hold on不挂断(电话)。
2．It was foolish of him to________his notes during the test, and as a result, he got punished.
A．stick to B．keep to
C．refer to D．point to
答案　C
解析　句意为：他真愚蠢，在考试时参考笔记，结果受到了惩罚。refer to 参考，查阅。
3．—Why is that old man smiling
—Perhaps he is ________ his childhood.
A．looking into B．looking back on
C．looking ahead D．looking through
答案　B
解析　答语句意为：或许他在回忆自己的童年。look back on回顾，回忆。
Ⅱ.汉译英
当遇到困难时，我经常查阅相关的资料或上网搜寻。(refer to)(2011·安徽·书面表达)
When_I_am_faced_with_a_difficulty,_I_usually_choose_to_refer_to_relevant_learning_materials_or_Web_pages.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．Only when you have finished your homework can_you_go_home(你才能回家)．
2．Suddenly it_hit_me/it_occurred_to_me(我突然想到)that I should turn to my teacher for help.
3．She came riding_a_brand new_bike(骑着一辆崭新的自行车)．
4．How_did_it_come_about(怎样产生的)that humans speak so many different languages
5．—I won’t go to the party tonight.
—Why_not(为什么不去)
1 This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before.,这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开时黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁。
mean doing...意味着……；意思是……
mean to do打算做……
meant to have done＝had meant to do本打算做……
mean...as...打算；意欲；有……目的
mean sb.for/to be...想要某人成为；想要某人去做
be meant for是为……准备的
I’ve been meaning to ask you if you want to come for a meal next week.
我一直打算问问你，下周你要不要来吃饭。
He means what he says.
他说话是当真的。
夯实基础
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)Did you mean to_leave(leave) your dog here
(2)To increase government spending means creating(create) more job opportunities.
(3)She meant her son to_be(be) a poet.
(4)He meant to_have_helped(help) you，but he was too busy then.
2 This is because we are all interested in what people do and what they think.这是因为我们都对人们所做和所想的感兴趣。
This/That is because...这/那是因为……
This/That is why...这/那就是为什么……
The reason why...is that...原因是……
Tom came late for the meeting.That was because he was ill.
汤姆开会迟到了，那是因为他病了。
夯实基础
用适当的连接词填空
(1)This is why they cannot be used everywhere.
(2)This is because nothing focuses minds faster than a war.
(3)The reason why the lawyers were wary was that e mail cannot be destroyed.
补全句子并注意两句的异同
(1)Bread and butter is a daily food in the West.
Both bread and butter are sold out.
(2)The worker and writer is from Wuhan.
The worker and the writer are from Beijing.
(3)His family is a great one.
His family are music lovers.
(4)The teacher as well as the students has read the book already.
Not only the teacher but also the students have read the book already.
(5)The number of people invited was fifty.
A number of people invited were absent for different reasons.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．I meant to ________ you with your homework but father didn’t permit me to.
A．helped B．have helped
C．helping D．having helped
答案　B
解析　meant to have done意为“本打算做某事(而事实上没做)”。
2．He got killed in the accident.That’s ________ he was careless.
A．because B．why
C．what D．that
答案　A
解析　句意为：在事故中他死去了。那是因为他粗心的缘故。That is/was why...那是因为……。
3．Doing half an hour morning exercise________her habit in the morning every day.
A．are B．has C．is D．have
答案　C
解析　动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。故选C项。
4．I failed again in the exam and only then________how much time I had wasted.
A．I realized B．I had realized
C．did I realize D．had I realized
答案　C
解析　“only＋状语”置于句首，句子应该用倒装结构；根据时态应为“那时我意识到”，所以为一般过去时，故选C项。
5．On his way to the airport，it________him all of a sudden that he had forgotten his passport.
A．hit B．knocked
C．occurred D．beat
答案　A
解析　考查固定句型。It hits/hit sb.that...意为“某人突然想到……”。
Ⅱ.汉译英
他迟到的原因是因为他病了。(Th reason why...is that...)
The_reason_why_he_was_late_is_that_he_was_ill.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．All the scientific evidence ________ that increasing use of chemicals in farming ________ damaging our health. (2012·湖南，35)
A．show；are B．shows；are
C．show；is D．shows；is
答案　D
解析　句意为：所有的科学证据表明：农业方面越来越多化学物质的使用正在损害着我们的健康。主语是evidence“证据(不可数名词)”，所以谓语动词应用单数形式shows；宾语从句的主语是use“使用(不可数名词)”，所以谓语动词要用is。
2．I often ________ the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the Internet.(2011·四川，14)
A．look up B．look at
C．look for D．look into
答案　A
解析　句意为：我经常在词典里或在网上查询我不认识的单词。look up查询；look at看；look for寻找；look into调查，往……里看。
3．If you ________ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. (2011·安徽，34)
A．come across B．care about
C．look for D．focus upon
答案　A
解析　句意为：如果你偶然发现些瑕疵而又还想要这辆自行车，你可以让店员降低价格。care about关心，在乎；look for寻找；focus upon集中(注意力)，这三项均与题意不符；come across表示“偶然发现，偶然遇见”，符合句意。因此选A项。
4．Look over there—there’s a very long，winding path ________ up to the house.
(2011·山东，27)
A．leading B．leads
C．led D．to lead
答案　A
解析　句意为：看那儿——有一条很长的、蜿蜒曲折的小路通向那座房子。leads用作谓语动词，本题的there be句型中已有is，故排除B项；path与lead之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，又由题中的动词look可以判断lead这一动作不是表示将来的动作，故可以排除过去分词短语和不定式短语充当的后置定语，即排除C、D两项。在本句中leading up to the house作后置定语，修饰path，相当于定语从句which leads up to the house。故选A。
5．The workers________the glasses and marked on each box “This Side Up”．
(2010·大纲全国Ⅰ，22)
A．carried B．delivered
C．pressed D．packed
答案　D
解析　句意为：工人们把玻璃杯装好，并给每个箱子标上“此面向上”的标记。carry扛，搬，背；deliver递送；press按，压；pack包装，给……打包。故选D项。
6．No matter how low you consider yourself，there is always someone________you wishing they were that high. (2010·安徽，22)
A．getting rid of B．getting along with
C．looking up to D．looking down upon
答案　C
解析　句意为：不管你认为自己多么不好，总会有人崇拜你，并希望能像你那样。get rid of除去，去掉；get along with和……相处；look up to崇拜，尊敬；look down upon歧视，看不起。根据句意应选C项。