人教新课标高考英语一轮复习必修4 Unit 2 Working the land

Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．decade /′dekeId/ n．十年；十年期
2．freedom /′fri d m/ n．自由；自主
3．rid /rId/ vt.摆脱；除去
4．therefore /′ e f / adv.因此，所以；因而
5．nationality / n ′n l tI/ n．国籍
6．regret /rI′gret/ vt.遗憾；惋惜；n.遗憾；懊悔
7．production /pr ′d k n/ n．生产；制造
8．struggle /′str ɡl/ vi.& n．斗争；拼搏；努力
9．reduce /rI′dju s/ vt.减少；减缩
10．hunger /′h ɡ / n．饥饿；欲望；vt.& vi.(使)饥饿
11．summary /′s m rI/ n．总结；概要，摘要
12．comment /′k ment/ n．评论，议论；vi.& vt.表达意见；作出评论
13．sunburnt /′s nb nt/ adj.晒黑的→sunburn n．晒黑，晒焦
14．disturbing /dI′st bI / adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的→disturb v．扰乱，打扰
15．expand /Ik′sp nd/ vt.& vi.使变大；伸展→expansion n．扩张，扩大；发展
16．circulate /′s kj leIt/ vt.& vi.循环；流传→circulation n．循环；销售量
17．export /Ik′sp t/ vt.& vi.输出；出口→import(反义词)vt.进口
18．occupation / kj ′peI n/ n．工作；职业；占领→occupy vt.占领，占据
19．confuse /k n′fju z/ vt.使迷惑；使为难→confusing adj.令人迷惑的→confused adj.感到迷惑的→confusion n．迷惑
20．nutrition /nju ′trI n/ n．营养；滋养；食物→nutritious adj.有营养的
21．discovery /dI′sk v rI/ n．发现；发觉→discover v．发现
22．output /′a tp t/ n．产量；输出→input(反义词) n．输入
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．with_the_hope_of怀有……的希望
2．search_for寻找；检查；搜寻
3．be_satisfied_with对……感到满意
4．build_up逐渐增强；建立；开发
5．turn_to转向；求助于
6．focus_on集中(注意力、精力等)于……
7．thanks_to幸亏；由于，因为
8．rid...of使……摆脱或除去
9．would_rather宁愿，宁可
10．lead_to导致；造成(后果)
11．keep...free_from/of使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物质)
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．If_so，what did you do to grow them
如果这样的话，你做了些什么来种植这些植物？
2．Yuan Longping grows what_is_called super hybrid rice.
袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。
3．Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has_been_his_life_goal.
从那以后，发现培育更多水稻的方法成为他毕生的目标。
4．He would_much_rather_keep time for his hobbies.
他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。
5．Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil，making_it_ready_for_crops such as wheat or corn that_need rich and fertile soil.
像豌豆和大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤，从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物比如玉米和小麦。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．I wouldn’t think of disturbing(disturb) them at this hour of the night.
2．The circulation(circulate) of Learning English has reached ten million.
3．The people there are fighting to gain their freedom(free) from foreign control.
4．He returned from Paris and found his office was under someone else’s occupation(occupy)．
5．I’m sorry I don’t know you.Maybe you are confusing(confuse) me with someone else.
6．That was a history making discovery(discover) in medicine.
7．This is a chemical(chemistry) change，not a physical one.
8．They tried to increase production(produce) by using better methods and tools.
1 struggle v.& n.奋争；拼搏；奋斗；搏斗
struggle against/with同……作斗争；与……抗争
struggle with...for...为争取……而与……作斗争
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
struggle for...为……而斗争
struggle to do sth.努力做某事
The boy couldn’t swim and struggled in the water.
这个男孩不会游泳在河里挣扎。
There were no signs of a struggle at the murder scene.
在凶杀现场没有搏斗的痕迹。
夯实基础
用适当的介词填空
(1)We have to struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties.
(2)What ideals will you fight and struggle for
(3)She struggled to her feet and continued walking.
2 disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的
disturb v.打扰；干扰；妨碍
be disturbed about因……而感到心神不安
It disturbs sb.to do...做……打扰某人/不安
There was something about him she found disturbing.
他身上有某种东西使她不安。
Find a quiet，warm，comfortable room where you won’t be disturbed.
找一个安静、温暖、舒适且不会被打扰到的房间。
词义辨析　 disturb，interrupt
(1)disturb指人心、睡眠、安静等被“打扰，扰乱”。
(2)interrupt多指由于某种外界因素而停下来或中断。
夯实基础
用disturb，interrupt的适当形式填空
(1)Heavy traffic disturbed the neighborhood.
(2)You’d better not interrupt him；he is absorbed in reading.
3 equip v.配备；装备；使有所准备；使有能力
equip...with...用……装备……
equip sb.for doing sth.使某人为 做 某事而准备
equip sb.to do sth.使某人能够做某事
be equipped to do sth.使某人有准备做某事
a piece of equipment一件设备
Owners of restaurants would have to equip them to admit disabled people.
餐厅老板将必须在餐厅里配备能够接纳残疾人的设施。
A basic two hour first aid course would equip you to deal with any of these incidents.
两小时的基础急救课程能够让你有能力处理这类事件。
夯实基础
用适当的介词填空
(1)They equipped themselves with a pair of sharp axes and set off for the forest.
(2)She was fully equipped for the climbing.
(3)Your education will equip you for your future life.
4 confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难
confuse...with/and...把……和……混淆
be/get confused with/about对……感到困惑
confusing adj.令人困惑的
in confusion处于混乱状态
I can’t see how anyone could confuse you with another!
我不明白怎么会有人把你和另外一个人搞混！
Things were happening too quickly and Brian was confused.
事情发生得太快，把布赖恩给弄糊涂了。
夯实基础
用confuse的适当形式填空
(1)Great care is taken to avoid confusing the two types of projects.
(2)We felt confused with the difficult question.
(3)The uncertainty created by this situation must have caused you much confusion.
5 regret vt.懊悔；后悔；遗憾 feel sorry about ；n.痛惜；懊悔；遗憾
regret doing/having done...后悔做了……
regret to say/tell/inform...遗憾地说/告诉/通知……
with great/deep regret很遗憾
to one’s regret令某人遗憾的是
feel regret for为……感到遗憾
express regret at/for/over对……表示遗憾
I regret to tell you that I can’t travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed time.
我很遗憾地告诉你我不能在约定的时间和你去北京了。(2010·山东·写作)
夯实基础
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)Jerry did not regret giving/having_given (give) the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.
(2)I regret to_inform(inform) you that you’re dismissed.
6 supply v.提供；供给；n.供应量；供给量；补给
supply sth.to/for sb.＝supply sb.with sth.向某人提供某物
in short supply供应不足
a supply of＝supplies of大量的
provide sth.for sb.＝provide sb.with sth.提供某物给某人
The school supplies books to/for children for free.
学校免费给孩子们提供书本。
Local schools supply many of the volunteers.
许多志愿者来自当地学校。
夯实基础
用supply短语的适当形式填空
(1)There are a_supply_of/supplies_of foreign language books.
(2)The fresh vegetables are in_short_supply on the island.
(3)Cows supply us with milk.
7 focus v.集中 concentrate ；聚焦；n.中心点；焦点)
focus...on/upon...把……集中于……
bring...into focus使……成为焦点
in focus对准焦点；清晰
out of focus没对准焦点；不清晰
In pursuing a dream，we might focus on only one way of making it come true，forgetting that there may be alternatives.
在追求梦想的过程中，我们可能仅仅集中于使梦想实现的一种方法上，而忘了还有另外的方法。 (2011·北京·开放作文)
夯实基础
用适当的介、副词填空
(1)The relationship will be in focus today when monthly trade balance data are released.
(2)Don’t go too fast or you’ll get out of focus.
(3)Bring the subject into focus if you want to have a good picture.
8 avoid v.避免；防止；回避
avoid doing...避免做……
avoidable adj.可避免的
unavoidable adj.不能避免的；无法逃避的
To avoid such conflicts，we should be kind to one another，which is essential to enjoy a harmonious life.
为了避免这样的冲突，我们应该友好待人，这对于和谐生活非常重要。
(2012·江苏·书面表达)
Many deaths from heart disease are actually avoidable.
许多因心脏病造成的死亡实际上是可以避免的。
联想记忆
常用动名词作宾语的动词：
admit承认，advise建议，allow允许，avoid避免， consider考虑，delay推迟，enjoy喜欢，escape逃脱，finish完成，imagine想象，include包括，keep保持，mind介意，miss错过，permit允许，practise练习，risk冒险， suggest建议
夯实基础
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)The bird was lucky enough to escape being_shot(shoot)．
(2)Wherever possible，technical terms should avoid being_used(use)．
(3)He practises speaking(speak) spoken English every morning.
9 comment n.议论，评论 argument ；解释 explanation ；批评，指责 criticism ；v.表达意见；发表评论 express an opinion
make comments on/upon对……发表评论
no comment无可奉告
comment on/upon评论，评说
He made some comments on the recent development.
他对最近的发展做了一些评论。
So far，Mr.Cook has not commented on these reports.
到目前为止，库克先生仍未就这些报道发表评论。
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
I don’t feel I can comment on their decision.(用comment的名词形式改写句子)
I_don’t_feel_I_can_make_comments_on_their_decision.
(2)翻译句子
她对我的工作提出了有益的意见。
She_made_helpful_comments_on_my_work.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ________.
A．to be heard B．to have heard
C．hearing D．being heard
答案　A
解析　struggle to do sth.“努力做某事”，又I与hear之间存在被动关系，故应用不定式的被动式。
2．It’s ________ that I can’t get along well with my new neighbor.
A．disturbing B．confusing
C．puzzling D．exciting
答案　A
解析　句意为：令人不安的是我不能跟我的新邻居很好地相处。
3．Your education will ________ you to earn a good living.Work hard from now on.
A．associate B．equip
C．relate D．feed
答案　B
解析　句意为：你所受的教育会使你过上富裕的生活。从现在起努力学习吧。associate使联合(系)；relate使相互关联；feed喂养。equip使有能力，符合语境。
4．________ herself with routine office tasks，she had no time to attend to her children.
A．Occupying B．Occupied
C．Being occupied D．To be occupied
答案　A
解析　occupy oneself with/in doing sth.“忙于(做)某事”，在句中occupy与主语she之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作状语。
5．What he said ________ me and I was at a loss.
A．confused B．refused
C．confirmed D．consulted
答案　A
解析　句意为：他说的话使我困惑，我不知道该怎么办。confuse sb.使某人困惑。
6．How I regretted ________ hard at school，________ led to the failure in my career!
A．not to study；which
B．not having studied；that
C．not having studied；which
D．not to study；that
答案　C
解析　regret doing/having done后悔做了某事；which可以引导非限制性定语从句， that不可。
7．Because of his strange clothes，he immediately became the ________ of attention when he entered the hall.
A．concentration B．point
C．focus D．aim
答案　C
解析　the focus of attention为固定短语，意为“注意力的焦点”。
8．The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car in order to ________ air pollution.
A．warn B．endanger
C．stop D．reduce
答案　D
解析　句意为：政府呼吁公众骑自行车而不是开车上班以减少空气污染。reduce air pollution减少空气污染。
9．They built a wall to avoid soil ________.
A．washing away B．being washed away
C．to wash away D．to be washed away
答案　B
解析　句意为：他们建了一堵墙防止土壤流失。soil和wash away之间是被动关系，且avoid后面只能接动名词，故答案为B。
10．He handed me the document without ________.
A．recommendation B．comment
C．help D．ability
答案　B
解析　句意为：他未作任何解释就把文件给了我。comment解释，评论，符合题意。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．另一方面，因为我们都尽力了，所以我们没有遗憾。(regret) (2013·湖南·书面表达)
On_the_other_hand，since_we_all_tried_our_best，we_had_no_regret.
2．这表明现今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承担着父母的希望。(focus)
(2013·福建·书面表达)
It_shows_a_common_phenomenon_nowadays_that_children_are_the_focus_of_families，shouldering_the_hope_of_their_parents.
3．因而，我坚信我们的未来掌握在我们自己手中。(therefore) (2012·浙江·书面表达)
Therefore,_I_firmly_believe_that_our_future_is_in_our_own_hands.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
be satisfied with　build up　focus on　keep free from,search for
1．They searched_for the lost ring in the house.
2．Actually，you can build_up your health by running every morning.
3．In my opinion，you should focus_on your maths and chemistry recently.
4．Your boss seems to be_satisfied_with_ what you said at yesterday’s meeting.
5．We tried to keep the students’ bedrooms free_from flies in summer.
1 rid...of使……摆脱或除去
rid oneself of除去
get rid of去掉；除去；摆脱
be rid of去掉；除去
The owner needs to get rid of the car for financial reasons.
因为经济原因，车主必须把汽车处理掉。
The proposals are an attempt to rid the country of political corruption.
这些提议试图使这个国家摆脱政治腐败。
夯实基础
同义句改写
Why couldn’t he ever rid himself of those thoughts，those worries
Why couldn’t he ever get rid of those thoughts，those worries
2 build up逐渐增强 make...stronger ；建立 create；set up ；开发；增进 develop
build up a fame建立名声
build up one’s health/body增进健康
build up a fine reputation建立良好的信誉
He built up his fortune from scratch.
他白手起家积累起了财富。
Therefore，let’s take the responsibility to build up a low carbon city by riding bicycles.
所以让我们通过骑自行车承担起建立一个低碳城市的责任。(2011·江西·写作)
夯实基础
Taking exercise helps us ________ our body and keep a clear mind.
A．put up B．build up
C．set up D．make up
答案　B
解析　句意为：锻炼身体帮助我们增强体质，保持头脑清醒。build up逐渐增加，增强，符合句意。
3 lead to导致；造成 后果 result in ；通往 go in a particular direction
lead sb.to do...使某人做……
lead sb.to...使某人得出……
lead the way带路
lead sb.by the nose牵着某人的鼻子走
in the lead领先；处于首位
,take the lead带头；领先
Not far away there is a bridge that can lead him to the tree for more fruit.
不远处有一座桥可以让他到达树旁摘到更多的水果。(2011·北京·开放作文)
In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to practice speaking English in an interesting way.
在课堂上我会把学生分成小组用有趣的方法让他们练习说英语。(2010·天津·书面表达)
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)That can lead_to(导致) serious consequences.
(2)With him leading_the_way(带路)，we got there without any difficulty.
4 keep...free from/of使……免受 影响、伤害等 ；使……不含 有害物
free from不受……影响的；没有……的
be free of摆脱了……的
set free释放；使获得自由
free of charge免费
for free免费
The Chinese Central Government keeps the farmers free of farming tax.
中国中央政府免除了农民的农业税。
Besides building my body and enriching my knowledge，they also free me from the heavy work of study.
除了增进健康、丰富知识外，它们还让我免除了繁重的学习负担。(2011·四川·书面表达)
夯实基础
用free短语的适当形式填空
(1)He was free_from/of trouble at last.
(2)If I owned a restaurant，I could eat for_free/free_of_charge.
(3)They were set_free from the cruel rulers.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．________toothache, the old man felt very bitter, having no good sleep.
A．Not being rid of B．Not ridding of
C．Not rid of D．Not having rid of
答案　C
解析　rid sb. of sth.使某人摆脱某事。the old man 和rid之间为被动关系，因而选过去分词作状语。
2．The discovery of new evidence led to ________.
A．the thief having caught
B．catch the thief
C．the thief being caught
D．the thief to be caught
答案　C
解析　lead to导致，to为介词，排除B项；the thief与catch之间为被动关系，排除A项；根据题意可知贼已被抓，又排除D项。故选C。
3．I want to keep my son ________ computer games.
A．free from B．busy with
C．free D busy
答案　A
解析　keep...free from使……免受(影响、伤害等)，符合句意。
4．Don’t be so discouraged.If you________such feelings, you will do better next time.
A．carry on B．get back C．break down D．put away
答案　D
解析　考查动词短语辨析。句意为：别太泄气了。如果你收起这样的情绪，下次你会做得更好。put away将……收起，符合句意。carry on执行，继续；get back取回；break down垮掉。
Ⅱ.汉译英
多亏你的鼓励，我的数学不断进步，最后我下决心上大学就学数学专业。(thanks to)
(2012·广东·读写任务)
Thanks_to_your_encouragement,_I_made_continuous_progress_in_math,_and_finally_made_up_my_mind_to_study_it_in_the_university.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．This special strain of rice makes_it_possible_to_(使它成为可能) produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields.
2．While reading，consult a good dictionary if_necessary(如果有需要)．
3．Using his hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice_as_large_as_before(以前的两倍)．
4．I would_much_rather_see_my_children_playing_with_wooden_toys_than(宁愿自己的孩子玩木制玩具也不愿) with computer games.
5．It’s time to_equip_yourself(你该准备) for the journey abroad.
If so，what did you do to grow them？如果这样的话，你做了些什么来种植这些植物
if so如果是这样的话，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意义，则用if not。
if 构成的其他省略形式：
if any如果有的话
if possible如果可能的话
if necessary如果必要的话
if ever如果曾经发生过的话
If possible，call to find out about the company dress code before the interview.
如有可能，面试之前打电话找出该公司的衣着规范。
夯实基础
将下列句子改为省略形式
(1)If it is possible，you should try it once more.
If_possible，you_should_try_it_once_more.
(2)Wash it in water and pick out the small particles，if there are any.
Wash_it_in_water_and_pick_out_the_small_particles，if_any.
(3)Some of you may have finished unit one.If you have done so，you can go on to unit two.
Some_of_you_may_have_finished_unit_one.If_so，you_can_go_on_to_unit_two.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)Learning (learn) new words is very important for me.
(2)Being (be) a guest in an American home will be a good experience.
(3)We must try to avoid repeating (repeat) the same mistake.
(4)We’ve got to think of ways of changing (change) people’s habits.
(5)Being_exposed (expose) to the sun will make you burnt.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．I’ll drop you on my way home ________.
A．if so B．if possible
C．if not D．when necessary
答案　B
解析　句意为：如果可能的话，在回家的路上我会去拜访你。if possible＝if it is possible。
2．________ a wet football can hurt your foot if you are not careful.
A．Kicking B．Kicked
C．Having kicked D．Kick
答案　A
解析　考查动名词作主语。句意为：在湿滑的地面上踢足球如果你不小心可能会伤到你的脚。
3．I’d like ________ the games with you but I had extra work to do.
A．to enjoy B．to be enjoyed
C．to have enjoyed D．to have been enjoyed
答案　C
解析　考查非谓语动词的用法。表示“本想去做却没做”，用would like to have done。句意为：我原来打算和你一块去看比赛的，但是我得加班。
Ⅱ.汉译英
如果是这样的话，请尽快给我回信。(if so)(2012·重庆·书面表达)
If_so，please_respond_to_me_as_quickly_as_possible.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．As the world’s population continues to grow，the ________ of food becomes more and more of a concern. (2013·浙江，4)
A．worth B．supply
C．package D．list
答案　B
解析　句意为：随着世界人口持续增长，食品的供应成了人们越来越关心的事情。worth价值；supply供应；package包装；list名单。根据句意知，B项为正确答案。
2．Bears ________ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep. (2013·浙江，17)
A．pack up B．build up
C．bring up D．take up
答案　B
解析　考查动词短语辨析。pack up打包，收拾行李；build up搭建，积累，增强；bring up养育，抚养；take up占据，拿起。根据句意“熊在夏秋两季积累自己的脂肪储备，以便在冬眠时有充足的能量来度过冬季。”知B项符合题意。
3．I remembered________the door before I left the office，but forgot to turn off the lights.
(2012·安徽，24)
A．locking B．to lock
C．having locked D．to have locked
答案　B
解析　句意为：离开办公室前我记着锁门了，却忘了关灯。remember/forget to do sth.记得/忘记去做某事；remember/forget doing sth.记得/忘记曾经做过某事。
4．The house was too expensive and too big.________，I’d grown fond of our little rented house. (2011·江西，27)
A．Besides B．Therefore
C．Somehow D．Otherwise
答案　A
解析　句意为：那所房子太贵且太大。此外，我已经喜欢上我们租住的那间小房子了。besides还有，此外；therefore因此；somehow不知怎么地；otherwise否则，不然。根据句意可知，应选A项。
5．It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine.________，we’d better take it to the garage immediately. (2011·江苏，33)
A．Otherwise B．If not
C．But for that D．If so
答案　D
解析　句意为：听起来好像汽车的发动机出了故障。如果这样的话，我们最好马上把它开到维修厂(修理一下)。otherwise否则，要不然；if not如果不是这样的话；but for that要不是那样。以上三项均不符合句意。if so如果这样的话，符合句意。if so相当于if something is wrong with the car’s engine。