人教新课标高考英语一轮复习必修5 Unit 4 Making the news

Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．submit /s b′mIt/ vt.递交；呈递(文件等)
2．eager /′i ɡ / adj.渴望的；热切的
3．concentrate /′k ns ntreIt/ vt.& vi.集中；聚集
4．assess / ′ses/ vt.评估；评定
5．deadline /′dedlaIn/ n．最后期限
6．meanwhile /′mi nwaIl/ adv.其间，同时
7．deliberately /dI′lIb r tlI/ adv.故意地
8．sceptical /′skeptIkl/ adj.怀疑的
9．process /′pr ses/ vt.加工；处理；n.程序；过程；步骤
10．thorough /′θ r / adj.彻底的；详尽的
11．gifted /′ɡIftId/ adj.有天赋的
12．case /keIs/ n．情况；病例；案例
13．demand /dI′mɑ nd/ n．需求；要求；vt.强烈要求
14．publish /′p blI / vt.出版；发行；发表；公布
15．crime /kraIm/ n．罪行；犯罪
16．acquire / ′kwaI / vt.获得；取得；学到
17．accuse / ′kju z/ vt.指责；谴责；控告
18．inform /In′f m/ vt.告知；通知→information n．信息，消息
19．profession /pr ′fe n/ n．职业；专业→professional adj.专业的；职业的；n.专业人员
20．guilty /′ɡIltI/ adj.犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的→guilt n．有罪；犯罪；内疚
21．technical /′teknIkl/ adj.技术(上)的；技巧方面的→technique n．技巧；技术
22．delighted /dI′laItId/ adj.快乐的；欣喜的→delight n．喜悦；欢喜；vt.使高兴
23．unusual / n′ju l/ adj.不同寻常的；独特的→unusually adv.不平常地；异常地
24．admirable /′ dm r bl/ adj.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的→admire vt.佩服；赞赏→admiration n．佩服
25．assist / ′sIst/ vt.帮助；协助；援助→assistant n．助手；售货员
26．approve / ′pru v/ v．赞成；认可；批准→approval n．赞成
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．concentrate_on集中；全神贯注于
2．accuse...of因……指责或控告……
3．depend_on依靠；依赖
4．be_eager_to_do_sth.渴望干……
5．ahead_of在……前面
6．in_case以防万一
7．so_as_to_(do_sth.)为了(做)……
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．Never will_Zhou_Yang(ZY)_forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.
周阳永远不会忘记他在一家知名的英语报社第一天上班的工作任务。
2．His discussion with his new boss，Hu Xin(HX)，was_to strongly influence his life as a journalist.
他与新上司胡昕的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。
3．Not only am_I_interested in photography，but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.
我不但对摄影感兴趣，而且在大学期间还参加了一个业余课程来提高我的摄影技术。
4．Have you ever had a case where_someone_accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick
你们有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你们的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？
5．A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so_as_to_let_
the_other_team_win.
一个足球运动员被控受贿，故意不进球，好让另一队赢球。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．I can’t give my approval(approve) to such an agreement.
2．I was delighted(delight) to be invited to her party.
3．Many journalists(journal) as well as photographers have been invited to their opening ceremony.
4．Thanks for giving me the information(inform) I wanted.
5．His unusual behavior is really admirable(admire)；we should learn from him.
6．My colleague is eager to find two assistants(assist) to help with her research.
7．It’s said that she is not a professional(professor) player；she is just an amateur.
8．I have made an appointment(appoint) with one of the senior students in this college.
1 involve v.包含；需要；牵涉；涉及；使参加 卷入 ……
involve...in...使卷入；使专注于……；使参加
involve doing...包含做……
be/get involved in卷入；专注于
be/get involved with sb.迷上了某人
Running a kitchen involves a great deal of discipline and speed.
料理好厨房需要把一切都安排得规规矩矩，且要讲求速度。
If there was a cover up，it involved people at the very highest levels of government.
如果有人想要隐瞒实情，那其中就涉及政府部门最高层的人物。
特别提醒
involved作前置定语和后置定语时的意义是不同的：
the problem involved所涉及的问题
the involved problem复杂的问题
夯实基础
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)We’ll make our decision and contact the people involved (involve)．
(2)The test will involve answering (answer) questions about a photograph.
2 inform vt.告知；通知；了解；熟悉
inform sb.of/about sth.通知某人某事
inform sb.that... 告知某人……
keep sb.informed of/about...通知某人关于……；使某人知道……
be informed of...听说；接到……的通知
They would inform him of any progress they had made.
他们会把他们取得的任何进步都告诉他。
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
He informed the company that the ship arrived safely.(改为简单句)
He_informed_the_company_of_the_ship’s_safe_arrival.
(2)翻译句子
我女儿告诉我她已经成功了。
My_daughter_informed_me_that_she_had_made_it.
3 accuse vt.控告；谴责；指责
accuse sb.of sth./doing sth.＝charge sb.with...因……指责/指控某人
the accused被告
accusing adj.指责的；谴责的
Are you accusing me of cheating
你在指责我欺骗吗？
Her assistant was accused of theft by the police.
她的助手被警方指控犯有盗窃罪。
思考　我们学习过的“动词＋sb.＋of sth.”的短语还有：remind_sb.of，rob_sb.of，rid_sb.of，inform_sb.of，convince_sb.of，cure_sb.of，require/request_sb.of等。
夯实基础
用accuse的适当形式填空
(1)Her accusing eyes were fixed on him.
(2)The accused was found innocent.
4 deny vt.否认，否定；拒绝承认；拒绝给予；节制
deny doing/that...否认 做 ……
deny sth.to sb./deny sb.sth.拒不给予某人所要求之物
There is no denying the fact that...不可否认的是……
It can’t be denied that...无可否认……
Many girls in the poor area are denied the right to be educated.
贫困地区的很多女孩子都得不到接受教育的权利。
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
There is no denying that quicker action could have saved them.(用it作形式主语改写句子)
It_can’t_be_denied_that_quicker_action_could_have_saved_them.
(2)翻译句子
你否认偷了那辆自行车吗？
Do_you_deny_having_stolen_the_bicycle？/Do_you_deny_that_you_stole_the_bicycle
5 demand n.需求；要求；所需之物；vt.强烈要求
demand of sb. to do...要求 某人 做……
demand doing/to be done需要……
demand that... should do...要求……
satisfy/meet one’s demands满足某人的需求
on demand一经要求
in demand需要
First，science graduates are in greater demand than arts ones in China.
首先，在中国理科毕业生的需求比文科毕业生大。(2012·安徽·书面表达)
特别提醒
demand作动词时，后可接名词、不定式和从句作宾语，但不可跟sb.to do结构；后接that从句时，从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即(should＋)动词原形；作名词引导表语从句或同位语从句时，从句中也用虚拟语气。
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)Strike workers demanded to_see_the_manager.
罢工工人要求见经理。
(2)My demand is that the information referred to in my report be_emailed_to Mr.Brown without delay.
我的要求是：请立刻把我报告中提到的信息发给布朗先生。
6 senior adj.年长的；高年级的；高级的
be senior to比……年长 资深
be superior to比……优越 更好
be inferior to次于……；不如……
be junior to比……年轻 资浅
He is senior to me，though he’s young.
他比我地位高，虽然他比我年轻。
This cloth is superior to that.
这种布比那种好。
特别提醒
以上四词作形容词用时，没有比较级。to表示“和……相比”，而表示“在……方面”时用介词in。
夯实基础
同义句改写
She is five years older than me.(用senior改写句子)
(1)She is senior to me by five years.
(2)She is five years senior to me.
7 approve v．赞成，同意(support)；认可；批准(agree to)
approve of sb./sth./ one’s doing sth.赞成/同意某人/某事/ 某人 做某事
approve doing sth.批准 做 某事
give one’s approval to批准
Do you approve of my idea
你同意我的想法吗？
The government has approved a program of economic reforms.
政府已经通过一些经济改革方案。
特别提醒
approve作“批准”讲时，常用作及物动词；作“赞成，同意”讲时，常用approve of。
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)She would never do anything that was_not_approved_of(不同意) by her parents.
(2)She doesn’t approve_of_me/my_leaving_school(同意我离校) this year.
8 suppose v.猜想；假设；假定；认为
be supposed to...应该……；被认为是……
suppose sb./sth.to be...认为某人 物 ……
be supposed to have done...本该做…… 但实际上未做
be not supposed to do...不允许做……
suppose that...假定……；认为……
suppose/supposing引导条件状语从句，相当于if，表示“如果，假设”。
They suppose that all rich men are wicked.
他们认为凡是有钱人都很坏。
夯实基础
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①Supposing/Suppose(suppose) she doesn’t come，what shall we do
②The message is very important，so it is supposed to_be_sent(send) as soon as possible.
③Community organizers are_supposed(suppose) to speak truth to the power.
(2)翻译句子
我认为他不会通过这次考试的。
I_don’t_suppose_he_will_pass_the_exam.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.—How can you ________ such a difficult situation
—Well，I have no choice but ________ into it as expected.
A．get involved in；to get B．involve yourself in；get
C．involve in；getting D．be involving in；to get
答案　A
解析　句意为：——你怎么会陷入这么困难的处境中？——哦，我别无选择，明知是火坑还得往里跳。get involved in陷入；have no choice but to do(sth.)除了做某事别无选择。
2．A team of nurses ________ the doctors in performing the operation on the boy wounded in the earthquake.
A．supported B．encouraged
C．assisted D．respected
答案　C
解析　assist sb.in doing sth.帮助某人做某事。
3．You must ________ your graduation paper to your guide by Friday.
A．submit B．consist
C．admit D．addict
答案　A
解析　句意为：周五前你必须把毕业论文交给你的导师。submit...to...向……提交……。
4．The manager is ________ that the project should be started as early as possible.
A．eager B．worried
C．excited D．longed
答案　A
解析　句意为：经理急于尽早地开始这项计划。be eager that...急于……。其他选项在搭配或意义上不合适。
5．It took him a long time to ________ the skills he needed to become a professional artist.
A．acquire B．inquire
C．require D．request
答案　A
解析　句意为：他花了很长时间才获得成为专业艺术家所需要的技能。acquire获得；inquire询问，打听；require，request要求，需要。只有A项符合题意。
6．Ten experts will ________ the value of the young scientist’s invention once again.
A．assess B．assist
C．develop D．adopt
答案　A
解析　句意为：十位专家将再次评估这位年轻科学家的发明的价值。assess评估，估算，符合句意。
7．—Thank you for keeping me ________ of everything that’s happening.
—Don’t mention it.
A．inform B．informed
C．informing D．information
答案　B
解析　考查固定短语keep sb.informed of...“使某人知道……”。
8．The meeting is beginning at 8 o’clock.________，let’s make some preparations for it.
A．When B．Meanwhile
C．While D．During
答案　B
解析　句意为：会议8点开始。在此期间，咱们做些准备工作吧。meanwhile在此期间，符合题意。
9．The shop assistant was dismissed as she was ________ of cheating customers.
A．accused B．charged
C．scolded D．cursed
答案　A
解析　A、B、C三项均有“指控、指责”之意，但搭配不同：accuse sb.of sth.；charge s b.with sth.；scold sb.for sth.。curse at sb./sth.诅咒/咒骂某人/事。
10．The boss demanded that Mary ________ the work within a week.
A．finished B．would finish
C．had finished D．finish
答案　D
解析　demand后跟从句时，从句中用虚拟语气(should) do。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．同时我把保持环境干净卫生当作我的职责。(meanwhile)(2013·安徽·书面表达)
Meanwhile，I_will_regard_it_as_my_duty_to_help_keep_our_environment_clean_and_
healthy.
2．我们才能理解或记住老师要求我们掌握的知识。(demand)(2013·四川·书面表达)
We_can_understand_or_remember_the_knowledge_which_the_teachers_demand_of_us_to_master.
3．没有人拒绝承认在此过程中我们开阔了视野这一事实。(deny)(2013·山东·写作)
No_one_can_deny_the_fact_that_we_can_have_our_vision_broadened_in_the_process.
4．作为一个学生读者，我写信是要谈谈你们出版社出版的英语教科书。(publish)
(2012·辽宁·书面表达)
As_a_student_reader,_I_am_writing_to_talk_about_the_English_textbooks_published_by_your_house.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．I’m really sorry for not informing you of the information that the meeting has already been put off.
2．He is an able man and always can finish the work ahead_of time.
3．As we all know，good health depends_on good food，exercise and getting enough sleep.
4．I spend more than two hours every day surfing the Internet so_as_to know more about what is happening all over the world.
5．The man who was_accused_of killing two policemen during the arrest escaped from prison.
1 concentrate on集中；全神贯注于
concentrate one’s mind/attention/thoughts/efforts on集中注意力于；专注于
be concentrated in/on/around...集中在……；汇集于……
focus/fix one’s attention on/put one’s mind to/put one’s heart into/be absorbed in/be lost in/apply oneself/one’s mind to专心于……
I can’t concentrate on my studies with that noise going on.
有噪音我不能集中精力学习。
We must concentrate our attention on improving education.
我们必须致力于改进教育工作。
夯实基础
用适当的介词填空
(1)It was up to him to concentrate on his studies and make something of himself.
(2)If you apply yourself to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.
(3)Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.
(4)She is absorbed in music.
2 so as to do sth. 为了 做 …… in order to
1 so as to后接不定式，引导目的状语，其否定形式为so as not to。
2 so as to后接不定式表目的时，不能置于句首。so as to的逻辑主语即句子的主语。
3 so...as to不能表示目的，只能表示结果。
4 so as to可改为so that引导的从句，从句中常有情态动词can/may/could/might等。
He wore a heavy coat so as not to catch a cold.
他穿着厚大衣以免着凉。
I’m not so stupid as to do that.
我还不至于蠢到去做那件事。
夯实基础
同义句改写
(1)He got up early so as to catch the first bus.(用so that改为复合句)
He_got_up_early_so_that_he_could_catch_the_first_bus.
(2)He was so clever as to be elected as monitor.(用so...that...改为复合句)
He_was_so_clever_that_he_was__elected_as_monitor.
3 ahead of在……前面；领先 further advanced than ；早于 earlier than
ahead of time提前,ahead of one’s time超越某人那个时代
go ahead前进；着手；进行；去做吧；开始吧
get ahead成功；出人头地
Ten people were waiting ahead of me at the dentist’s office.我去看牙时，前面已有10个人在等候。
夯实基础
翻译句子
(1)我们前面有一条河。(用倒装句)
Ahead_of_us_lies_a_river.
(2)他在班上总是遥遥领先。
He_is_always_well_ahead_of_the_rest_of_the_class.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．If you don’t understand everything the tape says，just ________ on the words you can understand.
A．apply B．put
C．work D．concentrate
答案　D
解析　由句意“仅仅集中精力听你能听明白的单词”可知，应选D项。
2．He kept silent over the matter ________ lose his job.
A．so as not B．in order not
C．so as not to D．in order to not
答案　C
解析　in order to和so as to后接不定式，引导目的状语，其否定式应该是in order/so as not to。
3．Daniel stayed up late these days and he wanted to finish the task ________ time.
A．ahead of B．instead of
C．in spite of D．as a result of
答案　A
解析　ahead of time提前。
Ⅱ.汉译英
我们提前15分钟完成。(ahead of)
We_finished_15_minutes_ahead_of_time.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．Not_only_does_she_do_well_in_her_job(她不仅工作出色)，but she is always ready to help others.
2．Only if you ask many different questions will_you_acquire_all_the_information(你才能收集到所有信息) you need to know.
3．He showed_his_approval_by_smiling(用微笑表示赞成)．
4．Now discuss in pairs how_you_would_feel(你的感受会如何) if you were offered a job on a famous newspaper.
5．We are_to/are_going_to_have_a_sports_meet(将举行运动会) next Saturday.
1 Never will Zhou Yang(ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.周阳将永远不会忘记他在一家知名英语报社第一天上班的工作任务。
否定词置于句首，要用部分倒装语序，即把谓语动词的一部分 助动词、情态动词或be动词 提到主语之前。这类否定词或含有否定意义的短语主要有：no，not，never，little，hardly，seldom，scarcely，barely，not until，neither...nor...，not only...but also...，no sooner...than...，hardly...when...，in no sense，in no way，in no case，by no means，under no account/consideration，at no time，under no circumstances等。
Not until I failed in the exam did I realize how much time I had wasted.
直到我考试不及格我才意识到自己已浪费了很多时间。
特别提醒
(1)not until所在的从句不倒装，主句要用倒装。
(2)not only...but also...连接两个并列句时，前者倒装后者不倒装。
(3)neither...nor...并列连词词组连接并列的句子时，(因neither/nor都是否定意义的词)前后两句都用倒装语序。
夯实基础
把下列句子改为倒装句
(1)She doesn’t frequently go downtown.
Not_frequently_does_she_go_downtown.
(2)I knew little that she had already left.
Little_did_I_know_that_she_had_already_left.
(3)The lost car was nowhere to be found.
Nowhere_was_the_lost_car_to_be_found.
(4)Churchill was not only a statesman，but also a writer.
Not_only_was_Churchill_a_statesman，but_also_a_writer.
2 Here comes my list of dos and don’ts.下面我列举一些注意事项 “应该”和“不应该”做的事 。
当here，there，up，down，away，off，now，then，in，out等表示方位或位置变化的副词放在句首，且谓语是表示存在的动词 如lie，live，sit，stand 或come，go，rise等动词并且主语是名词时，句子一般要全部倒装，即把谓语动词整个提到主语前。这类句子比自然语序的句子更为生动、形象。但如果主语是代词时，即使把这些词放在句首，也不倒装。
Now，here goes the story.这个故事是这样的。
Away flew the bird.那只鸟飞走了。
There she goes.她去那儿了。
特别记忆
(1)dos (do’s) and don’ts (don’t’s)规章制度；注意事项；行为准则
(2)by/in twos and threes三三两两地；稀稀拉拉地
(3)ups and downs(路上的)上坡和下坡；起伏；(价格等的)涨跌；(命运的)沉浮，荣辱，盛衰
(4)go betweens中间人
(5)grown ups成年人
(6)lookers on旁观者
(7)passers by过路人
(8)editors in chief总编
夯实基础
单句改错
(1)Here comes it.
Here_it_comes.
(2)There an old pine(松树) tree stands on the top of the hill.
There_stands_an_old_pine_tree_on_the_top_of_the_hill.
用倒装句改写下列句子
(1)The woman goes off.→Off_goes_the_woman.
(2)The bus comes here.→Here_comes_the_bus.
(3)The mother didn’t leave the room until the child fell asleep.
→Not_until_the_child_fell_asleep_did_the_mother_leave_the_room.
(4)If I were you，I would not do such a thing.
→Were_I_you，I would not do such a thing.
(5)He is such a famous man that everyone wants to take a photo with him.
→Such_a_famous_man_is_he that everyone wants to take a photo with him.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．At last they climbed up the mountain，on the top of which________an old temple dating back to 1500 BC.
A．is lying B．there lies C．does lie D．lies
答案　D
解析　考查倒装句及时态。on the top of which...是定语从句，由于表示地点的介词短语on the top of置于句首，因此句子要用全部倒装，又因为句子描述的是客观的事实，应用一般现在时，故D项正确。
2．If you ________ computer games，you’ll have to finish your work in the garden.
A．will play B．are playing
C．are to play D．played
答案　C
解析　if从句中可用一般现在时及be to do结构表将来。
3．For a moment nothing happened.Then ________ all shouting together.
A．voices had come B．came voices
C．voices would come D．did voices come
答案　B
解析　当某些副词如then，now，here，there，up等置于句首且主语为名词时，句子要用完全倒装形式。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．我从未去过北京。(never位于句首引起倒装)
Never_have_I_been_to_Beijing.
2．现在轮到你了。(now位于句首引起倒装)
Now_comes_your_turn.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which ________ spending quite a lot of time with students. (2013·福建，24)
A．enjoys B．involves
C．practices D．suggests
答案　B
解析　句意为：Michelle找到了一份中学教师的工作，这份工作需要花费许多时间和学生在一起。involve doing sth.需要做某事；enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事；practice doing sth.练习做某事；suggest doing sth.建议做某事。由句意知选B项。
2．Not until he went through real hardship ________ the love we have for our families is important. (2013·福建，34)
A．had he realized B．did he realize
C．he realized D．he had realized
答案　B
解析　句意为：直到他经历了真正的困难，他才意识到我们对家人的爱的重要性。由题干中句首的关键信息Not until可知此处要用部分倒装，排除C、D两项；而A项用了过去完成时，表示“realize的动作发生在从句谓语went through表示的动作之前”，这显然不合逻辑，所以排除A项；而B项无论从语序还是从时态上讲，都是非常正确的。
3．Finally，my thanks go to my tutor，who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and ________ every page of my draft. (2012·湖北，22)
A．approved B．quoted C．polished D．folded
答案　C
解析　句意为：最后，我要感谢我的指导老师，他给我的论文提出了很多建议和评论，并对每页稿件作了修改。C项意为“修改，润色”，符合句意。A项意为“赞同”；B项意为“引用”；D项意为“折叠”，都与句意不符。
4．The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great________in this city.
(2012·大纲全国Ⅱ，19)
A．quantity B．progress
C．production D．demand
答案　D
解析　句意为：小说《哈利·波特》非常流行，在这个城市需求量很大。in great quantity意为“大量地，大批量”；in great progress和in great production无此搭配；in great demand意为“需求量很大”。故只有D项符合句意。
5．It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties ________ it gets more financial support from the European Union. (2012·福建，30)
A．if B．unless C．because D．since
答案　B
解析　句意为：希腊政府很难克服目前的困境，除非它从欧盟得到更多的经济支持。unless相当于if...not，引导条件状语从句，符合要求。
6．Only with the greatest of luck________to escape from the rising flood waters.(2012·上海，29)
A．managed she B．she managed
C．did she manage D．she did manage
答案　C
解析　考查倒装句。“only＋状语”位于句首，句子要部分倒装。句意为：只是有了最好的运气，她才成功逃脱了正在上涨的洪水的袭击。
7．—Are you still mad at her
—Not really，but I can’t ________ that her remarks hurt me. (2011·江苏，28)
A．deny B．refuse
C．reject D．decline
答案　A
解析　句意为：——你仍然生她的气吗？——不了，不过我不能否认她的话伤害了我。deny否认，否定；refuse拒绝；reject拒绝接受，不予考虑；decline减少，下降，衰退，谢绝。
8．What are you doing out of bed, Tom You’re ______ to be asleep. (2011·辽宁，22)
A．supposed B．known
C．thought D．considered
答案　A
解析　句意为：汤姆，你不在床上，在做什么？你应该睡着了。be supposed to do sth.被期望或被要求(按规则、惯例等)做某事。know知道，了解；think认为；consider认为，考虑，均不符合题意。
9．John opened the door.There________he had never seen before. (2010·陕西，17)
A．a girl did stand B．a girl stood
C．did a girl stand D．stood a girl
答案　D
解析　句意为：约翰打开门，一个他以前从来没有见过的女孩站在那里。以here，there，up，down等副词开头且主语为名词的句子通常用全部倒装语序，即把谓语动词提到主语的前面。
10．I have been convinced that the print media are usually more________and more reliable than television. (2010·浙江，6)
A．accurate B．ridiculous
C．urgent D．shallow
答案　A
解析　句意为：我确信印刷的媒体材料比电视更精确、更可靠。accurate精确的；ridiculous可笑的，荒谬的；urgent紧急的，急迫的；shallow浅的，肤浅的。由句意可知，A项符合语境。