人教新课标高考英语一轮复习选修6 Unit 3 A healthy life

Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．desperate /′desp r t/ adj.绝望的；拼命的
2．tough /t f/ adj.困难的；强硬的
3．quit /kwIt/ vt.停止(做某事)；离开
4．effect /I′fekt/ n．结果；效力
5．abnormal / b′n m l/ adj.畸形的；异常的
6．prejudice /′pred dIs/ n．偏见；成见
7．awkward /′ kw d/ adj.局促不定的；笨拙的
8．abuse / ′bju z/ n．& vt.滥用；虐待
9．ban /b n/ vt.禁止；取缔；n.禁令；谴责
10．due /dju ；US du / adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的
11．comprehension / k mprI′hen n/ n．理解(力)
12．unfit / n′fIt/ adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的→fit(反义词) adj.合适的
13．sex /seks/ n．性；性别→sexual adj.性的；性别的
14．stress /stres/ n．压力；重音；vt.加压力于；使紧张→stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的stressed adj.焦虑不安的
15．adolescent / d ′lesnt/ n．青少年；adj.青春期的→adolescence n．青春期
16．addicted / ′dIktId/ adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的→addict n．有瘾的人；vt.使成瘾→addiction n．沉溺；嗜好
17．accustom / ′k st m/ vt.使习惯于→accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的
18．automatic / t ′m tIk/ adj.无意识的；自动的→automatically adv.无意识地；自动地
19．mental /′mentl/ adj.精神的；智力的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上
20．strengthen/′stre θ?n/ vt.加强；巩固；使坚强；vi.变强→strength n．力气
21．disappointed / dIs ′p IntId/ adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴→disappointment n．失望
22．ashamed / ′ eImd/ adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n．羞愧；vt.使羞愧
23．embarrassed /Im′b r st/ adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的→embarrass vt.使尴尬→embarrassment n．尴尬
24．alcohol /′ lk h l/ n．酒；酒精→alcoholic adj.酒精的
25．judgement /′d d m nt/ n．判断；看法；判决→judge n．& v．判断
26．survival /s ′vaIv?l/ n．幸存→survive vt.& vi.幸存
27．breathless /′breθlIs/ adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的→breathe vt.& vi.呼吸→breath n．呼吸
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．due_to由于……
2．addicted_to对……有瘾
3．accustomed_to习惯于……
4．decide_on对……作出决定
5．feel_like_(doing)_ 想要(做)……
6．in_spite_of_ 不顾；不管
7．take_risks(a_risk)冒险
8．get_into陷入；染上(坏习惯)
9．at_risk处境危险；遭受危险
10．have_an_effect_on对……有影响
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．It_seems_amazing_that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.
很惊异吧，像我这样的年纪，身体还很健康，而且能在一个下午骑车20公里。
2．Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding_it_difficult_to_give_it_up.
你妈妈告诉我，许久之前你已经开始吸烟了，而且现在你觉得很难把它戒掉。
3．I knew it_was_time_to_quit_smoking.
我知道我该戒烟了。
4．I do_hope so because I want you to live as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as I have.
我的确希望你把烟戒掉，因为我希望你能像我这样活的健康长寿。
5．Every_time_you_feel_like_smoking a cigarette，remind yourself that you are a non?smoker.
每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒自己：你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．You mustn’t try taking drugs，because they are easily addictive(addicted) and it is hard to get rid of them.
2．In spite of the difficult problems，he managed/manages(manage) to complete the task on time.
3．He is an excellent athlete；all his movements are perfectly(perfect) coordinated(协调的)．
4．Though he was a new comer，he got accustomed(accustom) to the way of life here very soon.
5．People can easily become mentally(mental) addicted to drugs when they start taking them.
6．As the termination is approaching，all the staff of this company are under great stress(stressful)．
7．He showed excellent judgement(judge) in choosing a friend.
8．Our friendship has steadily strengthened(strength) over the years.
1 abuse n.& vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂
be badly abused被虐待
abuse one’s power滥用职权
alcohol/drug abuse酗酒/吸毒
The officials are always reminded not to abuse their power.
官员们总是被提醒不要滥用职权。
It’s our duty to provide help for the abused children.
给被虐待的儿童提供帮助是我们的职责。
夯实基础
—What are you worried about
—The fact that many children are still being ________.
A．managed B．abused
C．questioned D．founded
答案　B
解析　句意为：——你担心什么？——许多孩子仍然受到虐待的事实。abuse虐待，符合题意。
2 stress n.压力；强调；紧张 pressure ；重要性 emphasis ；重音；vt.强调 emphasize ；使紧张；加压力于 press ；用重音读
under stress在压力之下
under the stress of在……的压力下
lay/place/put stress on强调……
stress the importance of强调……的重要性
stress that...强调……
The spokesman stressed the measures did not amount to an overall ban.
该发言人强调这些措施并不等同于全面禁止。
Katy could think clearly when not under stress.
在没有精神压力的情况下凯蒂思路清晰。
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
He stressed the importance of a good education.(用place stress on改写句子)
He_placed/laid/put_stress_on_a_good_education.
(2)翻译句子
你的头疼是由紧张引起的。
Your_headaches_are_due_to_stress.
3 ban vt.禁止；取缔；n.禁令；谴责
ban doing sth.禁止做某事
ban sb.from doing sth.禁止某人 做 某事
a ban on sth.对……的禁令
put/place a ban on sth.宣布禁止……
under a ban受禁止；被查禁
There is to be a total ban on smoking in the office.
办公室将彻底禁止吸烟。
夯实基础
用适当的介词填空
(1)After the accident，he was banned from driving.
(2)He says the proposals may include a ban on drunken driving.
4 due adj.预定的；预期的；到期的；欠款的
be due to do...预期做……；预定要做……
be due to sth.归因于……；欠某人……
be due for...应有；应得到
due to因为，由于
The results are due at the end of the month.
预计月底会有结果。
The country’s economic problems are largely due to the weakness of the recovery.
该国的经济问题很大程度上是因为复苏乏力。
夯实基础
145 people were missing ________ the crash of the French Airbus.
A．in spite of B．along with
C．due to D．rather than
答案　C
解析　句意为：由于法国空客的坠毁，145人失踪了。due to因为，由于，符合句意。
5 effect n.影响，作用；结果
have an effect on/upon对……有效；对……有影响
come/go into effect生效
take effect生效；奏效
bring/put...into effect实施
of no effect没有效果的
side effect副作用
in effect实际上
The whole effect is cool，light and airy.
整体效果很酷，轻松而随意。
The medicine had a good effect on me.
那种药对我有很好的功效。
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)Inflation is having_a_disastrous_effect_on(对……有灾难性影响) the economy.
(2)In_effect(实际上)，our wages will fall by 2%.
(3)The medicine was of_no_effect(没有效果) on the patient.
6 disappointed adj.失望的
be disappointed at/about sth.对……失望
be disappointed in/with sb.对某人失望
be disappointed to do...因做……失望
be disappointed that对……失望
to one’s disappointment令人失望的是
in disappointment ＝disappointedly 失望地
Dad seemed more disappointed than angry.
与其说爸爸很生气，倒不如说他很失望。
夯实基础
用disappoint的适当形式填空
(1)To our great disappointment，it rained every day of the trip.
(2)Your work is disappointing.
(3)My mother said it was a great day，but she was just a little disappointed that it didn’t last a tiny bit longer.
(4)I always felt I was a disappointment to my father.
7 ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的 feeling shame or embarrassment about
be ashamed of sb.为某人羞愧
be ashamed of oneself for doing...某人做了某事而感到羞愧
be ashamed to do...耻于做……；因做……而羞愧
It’s a shame that...……是令人遗憾的事。
He is ashamed of his failure.
他对自己的失败感到羞愧。
It’s a shame that she isn’t here to see it.
真可惜她不能在这儿亲自看看。
词义辨析　shameful，ashamed
(1)shameful表示事物本身的客观性质是“可耻的”，可作表语或定语。
(2)ashamed是“感到羞耻的”、“觉得惭愧的”意思，表示主语主观认为可耻的，只能作表语。
夯实基础
(1)用shameful，ashamed填空
①We thought his behavior was shameful.
②I’m ashamed to leave you this way.
(2)翻译句子
①我羞于说出真相。
I_am_ashamed_to_tell_the_truth.
②你扯这种谎应该感到羞耻。
You_should_be_ashamed_of_yourself_for_telling_such_lies.
8 risk n.危险；风险；v.冒险
risk sth./doing sth.冒着……的危险,at risk处于危险之中
at the risk of doing sth.冒着……的风险做某事
take/run the risk of doing sth.冒着……的危险做某事
take a risk/risks to do sth.冒险做某事
Tom risked losing his job to help you out of the trouble.汤姆冒着失去工作的危险去帮助你摆脱困境。
At the risk of showing my ignorance，how exactly does the Internet work
也许我难免显得无知，可互联网到底是怎样工作的呢？
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)I wouldn’t run/take_the_risk_of(冒着……的危险) being late for work.
(2)He saved the child at_the_risk_of_his_life(冒着生命危险)．
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．It has been revealed that some government leaders ________ their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.
A．employed B．took
C．abused D．overlooked
答案　C
解析　句意为：一些政府领导被揭露滥用职权，非法谋利。abuse滥用，妄用(权力等)，符合题意。employ雇用，使用；take拿，取；overlook俯瞰，眺望，忽略。
2．Co operation or teamwork，the importance of which is often ________，plays an important part in football matches.
A．stressed B．thought of
C．paid much attention D．talked
答案　A
解析　stress the importance of...强调……的重要性。
3．As a peace loving country，we’ll declare a total ________ on nuclear arms.
A．ban B．arrival
C．control D．movement
答案　A
解析　句意为：作为一个热爱和平的国家，我们宣布全面禁止核武器。ban禁止，符合题意。
4．—Did you look up the time of trains to Shanghai
—Yes，the early train is ________ to leave at 5∶30 am.
A．likely B．about
C．possible D．due
答案　D
解析　be due to do sth.预定/预期做……。火车发车的时间是确定的，不能用A项；be about to do...马上做……；C项无论从句意还是用法上都不对，possible的主语一般用it。
5．He decided to ________ the position after quarreling with the manager.
A．stop B．block
C．loosen D．quit
答案　D
解析　句意为：跟经理吵架之后，他决定辞掉这个职位。quit the position辞掉职位。
6．Usually what the teacher says will have a deep ________ on a child.
A．mark B．effect
C．satisfaction D．expression
答案　B
解析　have a deep effect on对……产生深远影响。
7．Trapped by the police，the terrorists made their ________ attempt to explode the bomb that they carried.
A．brave B．desperate
C．harmful D．considerate
答案　B
解析　句意为：被警察围住之后，恐怖分子铤而走险试图引爆他们随身携带的炸弹。desperate绝望的，铤而走险的，符合句意。
8．What he has done is really ________.Now his parents are ________ him.
A．disappointing；disappointed at
B．disappointing；disappointed about
C．disappointing；disappointed with
D．disappointed；disappointing by
答案　C
解析　第一空表达的是“他所做的事是令人失望的”，应用disappointing；“对某人失望”应用be disappointed in/with sb.，答案为C。
9．He was ________ of having asked such a silly question.
A．sorry B．guilty
C．ashamed D．miserable
答案　C
解析　句意为：问了这么一个傻的问题，他感到很害羞。be ashamed of doing sth.羞于做了某事，符合题意。sorry后常接for和about；guilty后常接about，表示“有罪的；内疚的”；miserable意为“痛苦的”。
10．We don’t want to risk ________ involved in a civil war.
A．become B．to become
C．becomes D．becoming
答案　D
解析　句意为：我们不想冒卷入内战的危险。risk后跟动词时，要用动词的 ing形式。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．不念旧恶也是一种美德，尤其是在这样一个充满竞争和压力的社会里。(stressful) (2012·江苏·书面表达)
It_is_also_a_virtue_to_forgive_and_forget,_especially_in_such_a_competitive_and_stressful_society.
2．每次看到它我都感到羞愧。(ashamed) (2011·浙江·书面表达)
I_always_feel_ashamed_whenever_I_see_this.
3．另外，惩罚绝不是帮孩子身心健康发展的明智选择。(mentally) (2011·陕西·书面表达)
Furthermore, punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.
4．中国政府已经决定在全国范围内的公共场合禁止吸烟。(ban)(2010·广东·基础写作)
The_Chinese_government_has_decided_to_ban_smoking_in_public_places_across_the_country.
5．如果找不到我的箱子，对我来说是个极大的失望。(disappointment)(2010·重庆·书面表达)
It_will_be_a_great_disappointment_to_me_if_I_can’t_find_the_suitcase.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．“Have you decided_on a date for your wedding？” the girl’s mother asked.
2．He has got_into the habit of making notes when he is reading.
3．He is_accustomed_to hearing noise，because he lives right in the center of the city.
4．It was reported that all the flights were delayed due_to the terrible weather.
5．Do you feel_like taking a walk along the river after supper
1 be addicted to对……有瘾；热衷于……
addiction n.入迷；上瘾
addictive adj.上瘾的；使人入迷的
addict v.使沉溺；使成瘾；n.入迷的人
addict oneself to沉溺于
Many of the women are addicted to heroin and cocaine.
这些女人中很多人都吸食海洛因和可卡因成瘾了。
I went through about four years of being addicted to video games.
我大约有4年时间沉迷于电子游戏中。
夯实基础
用addict的适当形式填空
(1)The boy smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.
(2)She helped him fight his drug addiction.
(3)I took up skiing a couple of years ago and I find it quite addictive.
(4)They are rock music addicts.
2 be accustomed to习惯于……
654be/get/become accustomed to doing sth.习惯于 做 某事
accustom oneself to doing sth.使自己习惯于 做 某事
be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
I was accustomed to being the only child at a table full of adults.
我已经习惯了作为唯一一个小不点坐在一桌大人中间。
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
He was accustomed to the custom.(用oneself改写句子)
He accustomed_himself_to the custom.
(2)翻译句子
他习惯了奢华的生活。
He_was_accustomed_to_a_life_of_luxury./He_was_used_to_living_a_life_of_luxury.
3 feel like想要 want to have or do ；感觉像；摸起来像
feel like doing想要做……
feel sorry for为……感到难过，遗憾
feel at home感到自在；不拘束
feel oneself心情好；感觉健康
feel one’s way摸索着前进
I don’t feel like going any more.
我再也不想走了。
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)I don’t feel_myself(心情好) today.
(2)I felt_my_way(摸索着前进) in the dark.
(3)I hope you feel_at_home(不拘束) here.
4 get into陷入；养成，染上 某种习惯 develop a habit of... ；开始 某事 start sth. ；参与 become involved in
get into trouble陷入麻烦
get into the habit of养成……的习惯
get into debt欠债
You’ve got me. 口 你赢了； 作回答 不知道。
He was eager to get into politics.
他渴望进入政界。
Who will I call if I get into trouble
一旦陷入麻烦，我可以向谁寻求帮助？
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)He has got_into_the_habit_of(染上) smoking.
(2)Be quiet unless you want to get_into_trouble(惹麻烦)．
(3)Never get_into_debt(欠债) if you can avoid it.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1. Tom ________ the Internet failed in the exam.
A．addict B．addict to
C．addicted to D．addicting to
答案　C
解析　形容词作后置定语修饰Tom，相当于定语从句省略了who was。
2．The student ________ writing down every data during his experiments.
A．used to B．get use to
C．is fond of D．is accustomed to
答案　D
解析　句意为：这个学生习惯于写下实验中的每一个数据。根据句意可知应选D项。
3．He has ________ the habit of turning on the computer as soon as he comes back from work.
A．got in B．got down to
C．got into D．got on to
答案　C
解析　get into the habit of养成……的习惯。
4．________my efforts at persuasion，he wouldn’t agree.
A．Apart from B．In spite of
C．Because of D．In terms of
答案　B
解析　很显然“我尽力去说服”和“他不同意”两者之间是转折关系，所以用in spite of尽管。apart from 除了……；because of 由于；in terms of就……而言，在……方面。
5．I was so angry and I just didn’t ________ looking for another job.
A．want B．plan
C．feel like D．tend
答案　C
解析　四个选项中，只有feel like后可跟动名词且符合句意。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．我的眼睛渐渐适应了黑暗。(be accustomed to)
My_eyes_were_becoming_accustomed_to_the_gloom/darkness.
2．你想来一杯咖啡吗？(feel like)
Do_you_feel_like_a_cup_of_coffee？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．I am_not_accustomed_to(不习惯) getting up so early.
2．It_is_not_easy_to_stop_smoking(戒烟不容易)，but millions have managed to quit and so can you.
3．As_you_know(正如你所知道的)，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it automatically.
4．Why do_you_think(你认为) some adolescents start smoking
5．HIV weakens a person’s immune system；that_is(也就是说)，the part of the body that fights disease.
1 I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的确希望你把烟戒掉，因为我希望你能像我这样活得健康长寿。
“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实，的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下条件：
(1)句子是肯定句；
(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时；
(3)只能用来强调谓语动词，不能强调主语、宾语、表语、状语等，此时应用It is/was...that...进行强调。
He does enjoy listening to classical music.
他的确喜欢听古典音乐。
Do be quiet.务必安静。
夯实基础
Cars moved very slowly in the 1930s，but they ________ faster than in the 1920s.
A．were moving B．did move
C．had moved D．would move
答案　B
解析　did放在move前表示强调。
2 Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking.即使你非得经过多次戒烟才能最后把它戒掉，你也不要失望。
before用作连词，引导时间状语从句，除了表示“在……之前”以外，还可以表示“…… 之后 才； 不多久 就；不等……就”。
句型归纳：
1 It won’t be...before...用不了多长时间就会…… before从句用一般现在时
2 It will be...before...得过多久才…… before从句用一般现在时
3 It wasn’t...before...没过多长时间就…… before从句用一般过去时
4 It was...before...过了多长时间才…… before从句用一般过去时
Write down the telephone number before you forget it.
记下电话号码以免忘记。
It was not long before he learned to use the computer.
不久他就学会了使用计算机。
夯实基础
写出下列句子中before的汉语意思
(1)Before he came here，he was in England.在……之前
(2)It will be some time before we know the full results.到……为止
(3)Before we had walked five miles，Anne complained of sore feet.不到……就
(4)Put that away before it gets broken.以免
根据给出的句子填空
(1)China produces one third of the world’s cigarettes.It is reported.
→It_is_reported that China produces one third of the world’s cigarettes.
(2)I’m still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.That is amazing.
→It_is_amazing that I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.
(3)You are honest to tell me the truth.
→It_is_honest_of_you to tell me the truth.
(4)—How was the weather
—It_was sunny.
(5)—How far is it
—It_is five miles from our school.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．John thinks it won’t be long ________ he is ready for his new job.
A．when B．after
C．before D．since
答案　C
解析　句意为：约翰认为他不久就会为他的新工作做好准备。It won’t be long before...是一个常用的句式，意思是“不久就会……”。
2．Some great people said it was their primary school teachers that they were fond of________influenced their whole life.
A．what B．which
C．as D．who
答案　D
解析　考查强调句。句意为：一些伟人说，是他们喜欢的小学老师影响了他们的一生。被强调的部分是“their primary school teachers”，而“that they were fond of”是定语从句，修饰先行词teachers。在此强调句中，被强调的部分指人，结合选项可知选who。
3．He didn’t make________ clear when and where the meeting would be held.
A．this B．that C．it D．these
答案　C
解析　it作形式宾语，代替when从句。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．他的确很熟悉这个地方。(do的强调用法)
He_does_know_the_place_well.
2．不久你就会为你的所作所为后悔的。(It will not be...before...)
It_will_not_be_long_before_you_regret_for_what_you’ve_done.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．I’ve________the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school. (2012·江西，24)
A．come into B．gone into
C．got into D．run into
答案　C
解析　句意为：我养成了在放学回家的路上去祖父母家的习惯。be in/fall into/get into the habit of doing sth.有/养成做某事的习惯，根据句意知C项正确。
2．New technologies have made ________ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost. (2012·四川，2)
A．that B．this C．one D．it
答案　D
解析　句意为：新技术已经使更快地、以更低的成本生产新产品成为可能。it作形式宾语，替代动词不定式to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost。
3．Why don’t you bring________to his attention that you’re too ill to work on？
(2011·江西，25)
A．that B．it
C．this D．him
答案　B
解析　句意为：你为什么不让他注意到这一点，你病得太厉害不能继续工作了？此处it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的从句。